新课2 必修第一册Unit1 Our world（语法+写作预习）（沪教版）（教材预习，上海专用）英语初升高衔接

沪教版必修一Unit1 Our world（语法+写作） 目录 单元语法：现在进行时的被动语态 写作聚焦：个人信件写作 学以致用：巩固提升，全面突破 单元语法 现在进行时的被动语态 现在进行时的被动语态由“be being＋及物动词的过去分词”构成, 助动词be有人称和数的变化(am, is are ). 一、 核心结构解析 (Structure Analysis) 1. 构成公式 现在进行时表示“此刻正在发生”，被动语态表示“主语是动作的承受者”。两者结合，即为“此刻正在被……”。 成分 助动词 (Be) 进行标记 (Being) 过去分词 (Done) 肯定句 am / is / are being V-ed / V-en 否定句 am / is / are + not being V-ed / V-en 一般疑问句 Am / Is / Are + 主语 being V-ed / V-en? 记忆口诀： 被动进行不难记，be后加ing要牢记； am/is/are打头阵，being紧跟莫忘记； 过去分词压轴底，动作正在被处理。 2. 句型转换示例 · Active (主动): They are building a new library. · Passive (被动): A new library is being built (by them). · Active (主动): The teacher is correcting our papers. · Passive (被动): Our papers are being corrected (by the teacher). 二、 核心用法与语境 (Usage & Context) 现在进行时被动语态主要用于以下三种情境： 1. 表示此时此刻正在进行的被动动作 强调动作在说话瞬间正在发生，且主语是承受者。 · The road is being repaired now, so we have to take a detour. (路正在被维修，所以我们得绕道。) · Look! The thief is being caught by the police. (看！小偷正被警察抓获。) 2. 表示现阶段一直在进行的被动动作（不一定指说话瞬间） 常与 these days, this month, at present 等时间状语连用。 · A new subway line is being constructed in our city this year. (今年我市正在修建一条新的地铁线。) · Many old traditions are being forgotten by the young generation. (许多古老传统正被年轻一代遗忘。) 3. 表示按计划或安排即将发生的被动动作（较少见，视语境而定） 通常用于动词如 do, make, arrange 等，带有将来意味。 · The final exam is being arranged for next week. (期末考试正安排在下周进行。) 三、 重点难点辨析 (Key Distinctions) 1. 现在进行时被动 vs. 一般现在时被动 · 一般现在时被动 (am/is/are + done)：表示经常性、习惯性的动作，或客观事实。 · The classroom is cleaned every day. (每天都被打扫，习惯性) · 现在进行时被动 (am/is/are + being + done)：表示此时此刻或现阶段正在进行的动作。 · The classroom is being cleaned now. (现在正在被打扫，进行中) 2. 状态动词无被动进行式 注意：表示状态、感觉、拥有的动词（如 have, own, belong to, know, like, want 等）通常不用于进行时态，因此也没有“进行时的被动语态”。 · ❌ The book is being owned by me. · ✅ The book belongs to me. / I own the book. 3. "Being" 不可省略 这是学生最容易犯的错误。在口语快速表达中，学生常漏掉 being。 · ❌ The house is painted now. (这是一般现在时被动，意为“房子被粉刷了”这一事实，或者表示状态，无法体现“正在”) · ✅ The house is being painted now. (强调“正在被粉刷”的过程) 4. 注意“be +under/ in等介词+名词”结构可表示现在进行时的被动语态的含义。 如:The problem is under discussion (is being discussed) at the meeting. 这个问题正在会上讨论。 The telephone is in use (=is being used) now. 这部电话正在使用中。 四、 课堂练习 (Classroom Activities) 用所给动词的正确形式填空 1. Listen! The song _______________ (sing) by the students. 2. Look! The houses _______________ (pull) down. 3. The plan _______________ (discuss) now. 4. These problems _______________ (solve) at present. 5. ____________ the letter ____________ (type) now? 写作聚焦 一、写作任务聚焦： **任务类型： 个人信件写作（如分享校园生活体验） **能力目标： 描述个人日常活动并关联全球文化现象（如对比自身与影片中人物的生活）； 运用一般现在时/现在进行时等语法结构增强叙述真实感； 格式规范（信件结构）、语言得体性训练。 二、典例剖析 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华，你的英国笔友对你的高中生活很感兴趣。请你用英语给Jim回邮件，内容包括： 1. 每日的安排； 2. 你的感受。 注意：1. 字数不少于80； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 学以致用 一、单句语法填空（用所给动词的正确形式填空） 1. Be quiet! The wild animals ____________ (protect) by the keepers in the zoo now. 2. These traditional skills ____________ (learn) by more young people at present. 3. Look! The new library rules ____________ (explain) to the students by the teacher. 4. Many ancient cultural relics ____________ (study) carefully by the researchers these days. 5. —Why can’t we use the hall? —Because it ____________ (clean) for the coming school art festival. 6. With the development of technology, more robots ____________ (invent) to help people. 7. Turn off the radio! The plan for the picnic ____________ (discuss) by my parents now. 8. These fresh vegetables ____________ (sell) at a low price in the supermarket right now. 9. The difficult text ____________ (read) word by word by the teacher in class now. 10. All the visitors ____________ (show) around the science museum by the guide at the moment. 二、翻译句子（使用现在进行时被动语态） 1. 孩子们正在老师的带领下参观科技馆。 2. 这个重要的问题正在会上被认真讨论。 3. 许多新的地铁线路正在我们城市被修建。 4. 你的建议正在被大家仔细考虑。 5. 看！那些受伤的运动员正在被医生救治。 三、写作训练 Directions: Write an English composition in 120—150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 1．假定你是某国际学校学生李华，得知你校英文广播站栏目“Tales of China”正在招聘播音员，你对此很感兴趣。请你按要求写一封英文自荐信，内容包括： 1.写信目的； 2.个人优势； 3.期待回复。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Sir or Madam, I’m Li Hua, a senior high student from Class 1, Grade 1. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 5 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 沪教版必修一Unit1 Our world（语法+写作） 目录 单元语法：现在进行时的被动语态 写作聚焦：个人信件写作 学以致用：巩固提升，全面突破 单元语法 现在进行时的被动语态 现在进行时的被动语态由“be being＋及物动词的过去分词”构成, 助动词be有人称和数的变化(am, is are ). 一、 核心结构解析 (Structure Analysis) 1. 构成公式 现在进行时表示“此刻正在发生”，被动语态表示“主语是动作的承受者”。两者结合，即为“此刻正在被……”。 成分 助动词 (Be) 进行标记 (Being) 过去分词 (Done) 肯定句 am / is / are being V-ed / V-en 否定句 am / is / are + not being V-ed / V-en 一般疑问句 Am / Is / Are + 主语 being V-ed / V-en? 记忆口诀： 被动进行不难记，be后加ing要牢记； am/is/are打头阵，being紧跟莫忘记； 过去分词压轴底，动作正在被处理。 2. 句型转换示例 · Active (主动): They are building a new library. · Passive (被动): A new library is being built (by them). · Active (主动): The teacher is correcting our papers. · Passive (被动): Our papers are being corrected (by the teacher). 二、 核心用法与语境 (Usage & Context) 现在进行时被动语态主要用于以下三种情境： 1. 表示此时此刻正在进行的被动动作 强调动作在说话瞬间正在发生，且主语是承受者。 · The road is being repaired now, so we have to take a detour. (路正在被维修，所以我们得绕道。) · Look! The thief is being caught by the police. (看！小偷正被警察抓获。) 2. 表示现阶段一直在进行的被动动作（不一定指说话瞬间） 常与 these days, this month, at present 等时间状语连用。 · A new subway line is being constructed in our city this year. (今年我市正在修建一条新的地铁线。) · Many old traditions are being forgotten by the young generation. (许多古老传统正被年轻一代遗忘。) 3. 表示按计划或安排即将发生的被动动作（较少见，视语境而定） 通常用于动词如 do, make, arrange 等，带有将来意味。 · The final exam is being arranged for next week. (期末考试正安排在下周进行。) 三、 重点难点辨析 (Key Distinctions) 1. 现在进行时被动 vs. 一般现在时被动 · 一般现在时被动 (am/is/are + done)：表示经常性、习惯性的动作，或客观事实。 · The classroom is cleaned every day. (每天都被打扫，习惯性) · 现在进行时被动 (am/is/are + being + done)：表示此时此刻或现阶段正在进行的动作。 · The classroom is being cleaned now. (现在正在被打扫，进行中) 2. 状态动词无被动进行式 注意：表示状态、感觉、拥有的动词（如 have, own, belong to, know, like, want 等）通常不用于进行时态，因此也没有“进行时的被动语态”。 · ❌ The book is being owned by me. · ✅ The book belongs to me. / I own the book. 3. "Being" 不可省略 这是学生最容易犯的错误。在口语快速表达中，学生常漏掉 being。 · ❌ The house is painted now. (这是一般现在时被动，意为“房子被粉刷了”这一事实，或者表示状态，无法体现“正在”) · ✅ The house is being painted now. (强调“正在被粉刷”的过程) 4. 注意“be +under/ in等介词+名词”结构可表示现在进行时的被动语态的含义。 如:The problem is under discussion (is being discussed) at the meeting. 这个问题正在会上讨论。 The telephone is in use (=is being used) now. 这部电话正在使用中。 四、 课堂练习 (Classroom Activities) 用所给动词的正确形式填空 1. Listen! The song _______________ (sing) by the students. 2. Look! The houses _______________ (pull) down. 3. The plan _______________ (discuss) now. 4. These problems _______________ (solve) at present. 5. ____________ the letter ____________ (type) now? 答案： 1. is being sung 2. are being pulled 3. is being discussed 4. are being solved 5. Is; being typed 写作聚焦 一、写作任务聚焦： **任务类型： 个人信件写作（如分享校园生活体验） **能力目标： 描述个人日常活动并关联全球文化现象（如对比自身与影片中人物的生活）； 运用一般现在时/现在进行时等语法结构增强叙述真实感； 格式规范（信件结构）、语言得体性训练。 二、典例剖析 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华，你的英国笔友对你的高中生活很感兴趣。请你用英语给Jim回邮件，内容包括： 1. 每日的安排； 2. 你的感受。 注意：1. 字数不少于80； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jim, I hope this email finds you well. It’s great to hear that you’ re interested in my high school life. I am happy to share some details with you. My daily schedule is quite structured and fulfilling. I have five periods of classes in the morning and three in the afternoon, covering subjects like Math, English and so on. Most of us live on campus and the food is pretty good with many choices. Of course, I also have some free time. I often read books, listen to music or hang out with friends. I’m really enjoying my school life. It’s been a great chance to meet new people, learn new things, and challenge myself. I believe you’ re enjoying your school life as much as I am. May I know about your high school life? Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国笔友回封邮件，介绍高中生活的每日安排及感受。 【详解】1. 词汇积累： 时间表、日程安排：schedule → timetable 令人满足的：fulfilling → satisfying 选择：choice → option 机会：chance→  opportunity 2. 句式拓展： 简单句变复合句 原句：I have five periods of classes in the morning and three in the afternoon, covering subjects like Math, English and so on. 拓展句：I have five periods of classes in the morning and three in the afternoon, which cover subjects like Math, English and so on. 【点睛】【高分句型1】It’s great to hear that you’ re interested in my high school life.（运用了it作形式主语、动词不定式作真正主语的句型，以及连接词that引导的宾语从句。） 【高分句型2】I believe you’ re enjoying your school life as much as I am.（运用了省略连接词that的宾语从句和as引导的比较状语从句。） 学以致用 一、单句语法填空（用所给动词的正确形式填空） 1. Be quiet! The wild animals ____________ (protect) by the keepers in the zoo now. 2. These traditional skills ____________ (learn) by more young people at present. 3. Look! The new library rules ____________ (explain) to the students by the teacher. 4. Many ancient cultural relics ____________ (study) carefully by the researchers these days. 5. —Why can’t we use the hall? —Because it ____________ (clean) for the coming school art festival. 6. With the development of technology, more robots ____________ (invent) to help people. 7. Turn off the radio! The plan for the picnic ____________ (discuss) by my parents now. 8. These fresh vegetables ____________ (sell) at a low price in the supermarket right now. 9. The difficult text ____________ (read) word by word by the teacher in class now. 10. All the visitors ____________ (show) around the science museum by the guide at the moment. 【答案及解析】 1. are being protected 解析：主语 animals 复数 + now，用 are being done；句意：安静！野生动物现在正在动物园里被饲养员保护。 2. are being learned 解析：主语 skills 复数 + at present，被动进行；句意：目前这些传统技艺正被更多年轻人学习。 3. are being explained 解析：Look! 标志现在进行，rules 被解释；句意：看！新的图书馆规则正在被老师向同学们讲解。 4. are being studied 解析：relics 复数 + these days，被动进行；句意：如今许多古代文物正被研究者仔细研究。 5. is being cleaned 解析：主语 it 单数，大厅 “正在被打扫”；句意：—— 我们为什么不能用大厅？—— 因为它正在为即将到来的校园艺术节被打扫。 6. are being invented 解析：robots 复数，“正在被发明”；句意：随着科技发展，更多机器人正在被发明来帮助人们。 7. is being discussed 解析：plan 单数 + now，正在被讨论；句意：关掉收音机！野餐计划正在被我父母讨论。 8. are being sold 解析：vegetables 复数，“正在被售卖”；句意：现在这些新鲜蔬菜正在超市里低价出售。 9. is being read 解析：text 单数，课文 “正在被朗读”；句意：现在课堂上这篇难课文正被老师逐词朗读。 10. are being shown 解析：visitors 复数，show around（带领参观）被动进行；句意：此刻所有游客正在被导游带领参观科学馆。 二、翻译句子（使用现在进行时被动语态） 1. 孩子们正在老师的带领下参观科技馆。 2. 这个重要的问题正在会上被认真讨论。 3. 许多新的地铁线路正在我们城市被修建。 4. 你的建议正在被大家仔细考虑。 5. 看！那些受伤的运动员正在被医生救治。 【答案】 1. The children are being shown around the science museum by the teacher. 2. This important problem is being discussed carefully at the meeting. 3. Many new subway lines are being built in our city. 4. Your suggestion is being considered carefully by everyone. 5. Look! Those injured athletes are being treated by the doctors. 三、写作训练 Directions: Write an English composition in 120—150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 1．假定你是某国际学校学生李华，得知你校英文广播站栏目“Tales of China”正在招聘播音员，你对此很感兴趣。请你按要求写一封英文自荐信，内容包括： 1.写信目的； 2.个人优势； 3.期待回复。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Sir or Madam, I’m Li Hua, a senior high student from Class 1, Grade 1. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Sir or Madam, I’m Li Hua, a senior high student from Class 1, Grade 1. I’m writing to apply for the position of broadcaster for your program “Tales of China”. I believe I’m well qualified for this job. First, I have a good command of both English and Chinese, which enables me to present stories fluently. Second, as a member of our school’s drama club, I have gained rich experience in voice expression and public speaking. Moreover, I’m deeply fascinated by Chinese culture and history, so I’m eager to share wonderful stories with our listeners. I would be grateful if you could consider my application. I’m looking forward to your early reply. Yours sincerely,   Li Hua 【导语】题目要求考生给学校英文广播站写一封自荐信，申请‌“Tales of China”栏目播音员职位，需说明目的、优势并期待回复。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 职位：position → post 胜任的：qualified → competent 精通：have a good command of → be proficient in 着迷的：fascinated → obsessed 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Second, as a member of our school’s drama club, I have gained rich experience in voice expression and public speaking. 拓展句：Second, as a member of our school’s drama club, I have gained rich experience in voice expression and public speaking, which will be invaluable for this role. 【点睛】[高分句型1] I have a good command of both English and Chinese, which enables me to present stories fluently. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] I would be grateful if you could consider my application. (运用了if引导的条件状语从句) 5 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $