Unit 1 The Changing World（知识清单）英语新教材人教版九年级上册

该初中英语单元知识清单系统整合了“Unit 1 The Changing World”的核心内容，涵盖主题场景分类词汇、实用交际句型、现在完成时语法、变化类写作指导及易错点解析，为学生搭建了从基础词汇积累到语法应用再到写作实践的递进式学习支架。 清单通过“词汇-语法-写作”三维度关联呈现知识体系，词汇采用“中英互译+语境翻译”强化语言能力，语法部分“基本构成+易错点对比”培养思维品质，写作提供“框架模板+素材库”支持学习能力。如现在完成时对比“have been to/ gone to”用法，写作模板含“过去艰苦-现在改善”对比逻辑，助力学生高效掌握，教师可直接用于分层教学，提升课堂实效。

Unit 1 The Changing World 主 题 场 景 分 类 词 汇 一、名词： hometown /ˈhəʊmtaʊn/ the place where you were born 家乡，故乡 例句：I love my beautiful hometown. 翻译：我爱我美丽的家乡。 1. volunteer /ˌvɒlənˈtɪə(r)/ person who offers to help without pay 志愿者 例句：Maria went to Cuba as a volunteer. 翻译：玛丽亚去古巴做志愿者。 2. condition /kənˈdɪʃn/ state of life and living 条件，状况 搭配：living conditions 生活条件 例句：People’s living conditions are much better now. 翻译：现在人们的生活条件好多了。 3. relative /ˈrelətɪv/ family member 亲戚，亲属 例句：I keep in touch with my relatives online. 翻译：我在网上和亲戚保持联系。 4. communication /kəˌmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃn/ talking with others 交流，沟通 例句：Mobile phones make communication easier. 翻译：手机让沟通变得更方便。 5. development /dɪˈveləpmənt/ the growth of a country or city 发展 例句：We are amazed at China’s fast development. 翻译：我们惊叹于中国飞速的发展。 6. population /ˌpɒpjuˈleɪʃn/ all the people living in a place 人口 考点：用 large/small 修饰，不用 many 例句：What’s the population of your city? 翻译：你们城市的人口是多少？ 7. policy /ˈpɒləsi/ official rules of a country 政策 搭配：one-child policy 独生子女政策 例句：The government carried out a new policy. 翻译：政府实施了一项新政策。 8. energy /ˈenədʒi/ (U) power for light, heat, machines 能源，能量 例句：Many countries are short of energy. 翻译：很多国家能源短缺。 9. resource /rɪˈsɔːs/ (pl. resources) natural things we use 资源 搭配：natural resources 自然资源 例句：We should protect natural resources. 翻译：我们应该保护自然资源。 measure /ˈmeʒə(r)/ way to solve problems 措施，办法 搭配：take measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事 例句：The government took measures to help poor people. 翻译：政府采取措施帮助穷人。 10. couple /ˈkʌpl/ husband and wife 夫妻；一对 例句：The young couple has two kids. 翻译：这对年轻夫妻有两个孩子。 11. space /speɪs/ (U) room for people to live 空间 搭配：living space 居住空间 例句：Big families had little living space in the past. 翻译：过去大家庭几乎没有居住空间。 12. percent /pəˈsent/ one part of a hundred 百分之…… 用法：数字后不加 s 例句：Fifty percent of students like traveling. 翻译：百分之五十的学生喜欢旅行。 13. block /blɒk/ group of buildings in a street 街区 例句：There is a hospital near our block. 翻译：我们街区附近有一家医院。 14. opera /ˈɒpərə/ musical play with singing 歌剧 例句：I like watching Beijing opera. 翻译：我喜欢看京剧。 15. need /niːd/ difficult situation 困境，需求 搭配：people in need 困难人群 例句：We must help people in need. 翻译：我们必须帮助有困难的人。 16. project /ˈprɒdʒekt/ public plan to help others 工程，项目 搭配：Hope Project 希望工程 例句：Hope Project builds schools in poor areas. 翻译：希望工程在贫困地区修建学校。 17. 18. progress /ˈprəʊɡres/ (U) improvement in study or life 进步 搭配：make progress 取得进步 例句：You have made great progress in English. 翻译：你的英语取得了很大进步。 aid /eɪd/ help for poor people 援助，救助 例句：They send medical aid to mountain villages. 翻译：他们向山村送去医疗援助。 19. meaning /ˈmiːnɪŋ/ what something stands for 意义，含义 例句：Volunteer work has great meaning. 翻译：志愿工作有着重大意义。 20. 1. 1. 1. 1. 二、动词： develop /dɪˈveləp/ grow bigger and better 发展；培养 变形：development n. 发展 例句：Small towns develop rapidly these years. 翻译：近些年小城镇发展迅速。 2. improve /ɪmˈpruːv/ make better 改善，提高 变形：improvement n. 改善 例句：I practice listening to improve my English. 翻译：我练习听力来提高英语。 3. afford /əˈfɔːd/ have enough money to buy 买得起；承担得起 搭配：afford sth. /afford to do sth.（常配 can/could） 例句：Old days, parents couldn’t afford kids’ education. 翻译：过去，父母负担不起孩子的教育。 4. support /səˈpɔːt/ provide money for family 供养；支持 例句：Little children worked to support their families. 翻译：小孩子打工来养家糊口。 5. communicate /kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/ talk or write to each other 交流，沟通 搭配：communicate with sb. 和某人交流 例句：We communicate with friends by WeChat. 翻译：我们用微信和朋友沟通。 6. satisfy /ˈsætɪsfaɪ/ make people happy 使满足，使满意 搭配：satisfy one’s needs 满足某人需求 例句：Different food can satisfy people’s needs. 翻译：各式各样的食物能满足人们的需求。 7. succeed /səkˈsiːd/ reach your goal 成功 搭配：succeed in doing sth. 成功做某事 变形：success n. 成功；successful adj. 成功的 例句：China succeeded in hosting the 2008 Olympics. 翻译：中国成功举办了 2008 年奥运会。 8. increase /ɪnˈkriːs/ become larger in number 增长，增加 搭配：increase by + 涨幅； increase to + 最终数字 例句：The population increases every year. 翻译：人口每年都在增长。 9. train /treɪn/ teach people skills 培训，训练 例句：Hope Project trains many teachers. 翻译：希望工程培训了许多教师。 10. provide /prəˈvaɪd/ give people things they need 提供 搭配：provide sb. with sth. = provide sth. for sb. 例句：Schools provide students with free books. 翻译：学校为学生提供免费书籍。 三、形容词 adj. 2. rapid /ˈræpɪd/ fast 迅速的 变形：rapidly adv. 快速地 例句：We can see rapid changes in cities. 翻译：我们能看到城市飞速的变化。 3. 4. recent /ˈriːsnt/ not long ago 最近的 变形：recently adv. 最近（现在完成时标志） 例句：I read some recent news about my hometown. 翻译：我看了一些关于家乡的近期新闻。 5. developing /dɪˈveləpɪŋ/ growing fast 发展中的 搭配：developing countries 发展中国家 例句：China is a developing country. 翻译：中国是一个发展中国家。 6. developed /dɪˈveləpt/ rich and advanced 发达的 搭配：developed countries 发达国家 例句：Many developed countries have small population. 翻译：许多发达国家人口较少。 7. 8. short /ʃɔːt/ not enough 短缺的；短的 搭配：be short of 缺少…… 例句：Many places are short of fresh water. 翻译：很多地方缺少淡水。 9. 10. local /ˈləʊkl/ belong to the place you live 当地的，本地的 例句：I often eat local food on weekends. 翻译：我周末经常吃当地美食。 11. homeless /ˈhəʊmləs/ without a house to live 无家可归的 构词：home 家 + less（无…… 的） 例句：We help homeless children after school. 翻译：放学后我们帮助无家可归的孩子。 12. meaningful /ˈmiːnɪŋfl/ full of good value 有意义的 例句：It’s meaningful to work as a volunteer. 翻译：做志愿者是一件有意义的事。 13. suitable /ˈsuːtəbl/ right for someone 合适的 搭配：be suitable for 适合…… 例句：This storybook is suitable for teenagers. 翻译：这本故事书适合青少年阅读。 14. basic /ˈbeɪsɪk/ the simplest and most important 基础的 搭配：basic education 基础教育 例句：Every child should get basic education. 翻译：每个孩子都应接受基础教育。 15. medical /ˈmedɪkl/ connected with doctors and hospitals 医疗的 搭配：medical care 医疗保障 例句：Poor people can get free medical care now. 翻译：现在穷人可以享受免费医疗。 16. satisfied /ˈsætɪsfaɪd/ feeling happy 感到满意的 例句：My parents are satisfied with my study. 翻译：我的父母对我的学习很满意。 四、副词 adv. rapidly /ˈræpɪdli/ quickly 快速地 例句：Our country is developing rapidly. 翻译：我们的国家正在飞速发展。 2. recently /ˈriːsntli/ in recent times 最近（常用于现在完成时） 例句：I haven’t met my old friends recently. 翻译：我最近没有见到老朋友。 3. 4. nowadays /ˈnaʊədeɪz/ at the present time 如今，现在 例句：Nowadays almost every family has a phone. 翻译：如今几乎每家都有手机。 五、数词 num. 2. billion /ˈbɪljən/ 1,000,000,000 十亿 用法：数字 + billion 无 s；billions of 数十亿 例句：The world’s population is over seven billion. 翻译：世界人口超过七十亿。 3. 4. thousand /ˈθaʊznd/ 1000 千 用法：数字 + thousand 无 s；thousands of 成千上万 例句：Thousands of schools were built by Hope Project. 翻译：希望工程修建了成千上万所学校。 短 语 take place 发生（无被动） 例句：Great changes have taken place here. 翻译：这里发生了巨大变化。 1. carry out 执行，实施 例句：China carried out the one-child policy long ago. 翻译：中国多年前实施了独生子女政策。 2. keep in touch with 与…… 保持联系 例句：We keep in touch with each other online. 翻译：我们在网上互相保持联系。 3. be short of 短缺…… 例句：The city is short of clean water. 翻译：这座城市缺少干净的水源。 4. take measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事 例句：The government takes measures to solve problems. 翻译：政府采取措施解决问题。 5. in need 在困境中 例句：We should help people in need. 翻译：我们应该帮助有困难的人。 6. make progress 取得进步 例句：He makes progress in math every term. 翻译：他每学期数学都有进步。 7. get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 例句：She gets used to getting up early. 翻译：她习惯早起。 8. used to do sth. 过去常常做某事 例句：I used to walk to school. 翻译：我过去常常走路去上学。 实 用 交 际 套 句 型 1、 今昔对比描写句： 1.In the past, many families were big and poor. Parents couldn’t afford an education for their children. 过去很多家庭又大又穷，父母负担不起孩子的教育。【写过去艰苦】 2.Most children had to work to help support their families. 大多数孩子必须打工养家糊口。 3.Big families shared small old houses. The roads were narrow and dirty. 大家庭挤在狭小破旧的房子里，道路狭窄脏乱。 4.Now great changes have taken place in China. People’s living conditions are much better. 如今中国发生巨变，人们的生活条件好了很多。【转折对比】 5.We can also keep in touch with relatives and friends by telephone or the Internet. 我们可以通过电话、网络和亲友保持联系。【通讯变化素材】 6.There are more kinds of food and clothes to satisfy people’s needs. 各式各样的衣食，满足人们的需求。 二、口语短句： 1.I haven’t seen you for a long time. 好久不见。 2.By the way, where’s Maria? 顺便问一下，玛丽亚去哪了？ 三、阅读拔高金句： 1. It has already succeeded in hosting the 2008 Olympic Games. 中国已经成功举办了 2008 年奥运会。（succeed in doing 考点） 2. More and more ring roads have appeared. People’s living conditions have improved a lot. 越来越多环城公路建成，人们生活条件大幅改善。 语法 现在完成时 写作 变化类作文（社会变化、家乡变化、个人生活变化） 一、知识点精讲 1.develop v. 发展；培养 变形：development n. 发展；developing adj. 发展中的；developed adj. 发达的 例句：China is developing rapidly. 翻译：中国正在飞速发展。 例句：China is a developing country. 翻译：中国是发展中国家。 2.rapidly adv. 快速地 例句：Cities are changing rapidly. 翻译：城市变化日新月异。 3.afford v. 负担得起，买得起（搭配 can/could） 搭配：afford sth. /afford to do sth. 例句：In the past, parents couldn’t afford their kids’ education. 翻译：过去父母负担不起孩子的学费。 4.satisfy v. 使满足 搭配：satisfy one’s needs 满足某人需求 例句：Different food can satisfy people’s needs. 翻译：各式各样的食物满足人们的需求。 5.succeed v. 成功 搭配：succeed in doing sth. 例句：China succeeded in hosting the 2008 Olympics. 翻译：中国成功举办 2008 年奥运会 二、核心语法精讲 现在完成时 一、基本构成 1. 肯定句 主语 + have /has + 动词过去分词 主语第三人称单数（he/she/it/ 单数人名 / 单数名词）→ has 其他人称（I/you/we/they/ 复数）→ have 例： I have finished my homework. 我做完作业了。 She has been to Beijing. 她去过北京。 2. 否定句 主语 + have /has + not + 过去分词 缩写：haven’t /hasn’t 例：They haven’t seen the film. 他们没看过这部电影。 3. 一般疑问句 Have / Has + 主语 + 过去分词？ 回答：Yes, 主语 + have/has./ No, 主语 + haven’t/hasn’t. 例： —Have you ever taken photos there? —Yes, I have. 三、单元写作清单 1. 话题分析 1. 核心话题：变化类作文（社会变化、家乡变化、个人生活变化） 2. 题目高频考法 Changes in My Hometown （最高频）家乡的变化 Changes in My Life 我的生活变化 The World Is Changing for the Better 世界变得更美好 Great Changes in China 中国的巨变 3. 固定写作逻辑：过去穷/差 → 现在好/美 → 感慨+展望 4. 必须使用的核心时态（得分关键） 过去：used to do / 一般过去时 现在变化：现在完成时（本单元必考语法） 2. 写作框架 第一段：开篇点题（总起、一句话入题） 功能：直接点出“发生巨大变化”，简洁高级 万能开头句： Great changes have taken place in my hometown / our life over the past few years. 近年来，我的家乡/我们的生活发生了巨大的变化。 第二段：主体对比段（全文最高分段落） 写作公式：In the past（过去差） + But now（现在好） 分三个维度写：生活条件 + 交通环境 + 交流教育 过去模板（统一用 used to） In the past, people used to live a hard life. The houses were old and small. The roads were narrow. People could hardly afford good food or new clothes. 现在模板（统一用现在完成时） But now things have changed greatly. People’s living conditions have improved a lot. There are tall buildings and wide roads. People can enjoy better food, clothes and education. 第三段：结尾升华（感慨+展望未来） 万能结尾（二选一） 1. With the rapid development of our country, our life is becoming better and better. 随着国家的快速发展，我们的生活越来越好。 2. I’m proud of these great changes. I believe our hometown will become more beautiful in the future. 我为这些巨变感到自豪，我相信家乡未来会更美。 3. 写作素材 生活条件素材 In the past, many families were poor. They lived in small old houses and had little food. Now people live in bright and comfortable buildings. They have enough delicious food and new clothes. 交通环境素材 Years ago, the roads were narrow and dirty. People used to walk or ride bikes to work. Now there are wide roads and many ring roads. People can take buses, cars and high-speed trains. 教育与交流素材 In the past, many children couldn’t afford to go to school. People kept in touch by letters. Now most children can get good education. People communicate with each other by phones and the Internet. 4. 范文背诵 Changes in My Hometown Great changes have taken place in my hometown over the past few years. In the past, my hometown was very poor. The roads were narrow and dirty. People used to live in small old houses. They couldn’t afford delicious food or new clothes. Many children even had no chances to go to school. Life was very hard for most people. But now everything has changed for the better. The roads are wide and clean. More and more tall buildings have appeared. People’s living conditions have improved a lot. We can enjoy different kinds of food and beautiful clothes. Children can study in bright classrooms and get good education. People also keep in touch with their friends and relatives easily on the Internet. With the rapid development of our country, our life is becoming better and better. I am very proud of my hometown. I hope it will become more and more beautiful in the future. 易错点01 短暂性动词与 for/since 连用 【错因辨析】 原理：buy、leave、die、borrow、join 都是一瞬间完成的动作，不能持续一段时间；遇到 for/since/how long 必须换成延续性状态短语 【对点训练】 1．We didn’t have any good places for shopping ________ 10 years ago. A．since B．for C．until D．by 【答案】C 【详解】句意：直到 10 年前我们才有了购物的好地方。 since自从；for为了；until直到……为止；by 通过。根据“We didn’t have...10 years ago.”可知，句子是一般过去时的否定句。固定搭配“not...until”意为“直到……才……”，表示直到某个时间点情况才发生改变。 易错点02 have been to /have gone to /have been in 混淆 【错因辨析】 have been to + 地点：去过某地，人已经回来，可搭配 twice、three times； ❌ —Where is Maria? —She has been to Cuba. ✅ Maria has been to Cuba twice. have gone to + 地点：去了某地，人不在现场； ✅ —Where is Maria? —She has gone to Cuba. have been in + 地点 + 时间段：在某地居住、停留多久； ❌ He has been to the city for 10 years. ✅ He has been in the city for 10 years. 【对点训练】 1．—I have been to Shanghai twice. —________. I went there last year. A．So have I B．So I have C．Neither have I D．I have so 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我去过上海两次。——我也去过。我去年去的。 So have I我也去过（so引导倒装句，表示“也一样”）；So I have确实如此（表示对前句的强调，意为“我确实去过”）；Neither have I我也没去过（用于否定句）；I have so错误搭配。根据前句“I have been”是肯定句，应答者表示“也去过”，且前句为肯定句，谓语为have been，可用so引导倒装句So have I，表示“也一样”，应填So have I。 2．— Have you ever ________ to the new science museum? — Yes, I ________ there with my class last week. A．been; went B．gone; have gone C．been; have been D．gone; went 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你去过新的科学博物馆吗？——是的，我上周和同学去那里了。 have been to表示去过某地已经回来；have gone to表示去了某地还没回来。第一空根据语境可知说话人在现场，说明已经回来，应用been；第二空根据时间状语“last week”可知应用一般过去时 went。 3．—Lucy, where is your father? —He ________ Shanghai to attend an AI technology conference. He will be back tomorrow. A．has gone to B．has been to C．has been in D．went to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——露西，你爸爸在哪里？——他去上海参加一个人工智能技术会议了。他明天会回来。 has gone to去了某地（未返回）；has been to去过某地（已返回）；has been in待在某地（一段时间）；went to去了某地（一般过去时，不强调是否返回）。根据问句“where is your father?”可知父亲现在不在这里，且答句“He will be back tomorrow.”说明他未返回，应用has gone to。 易错点03 used to 三组句型极易混淆（to 词性是关键） 【错因辨析】 1. used to do sth. 过去常常（to 是不定式，加动词原形） 变否定、疑问句，助动词 did 后 used 变回 use（去掉 d） ❌ I didn’t used to walk to school. ✅ I didn’t use to walk to school. ❌ Did you used to live in old houses? ✅ Did you use to live in old houses? 2. be/get used to doing sth. 习惯于（to 是介词，后面动词必须加 - ing） ❌ I am used to get up early. ✅ I am used to getting up early. 3. be used to do sth. 被用来做（被动语态，to 加动词原形） ❌ Wood is used to making paper. ✅ Wood is used to make paper. 【对点训练】 1．Many young people ________ work in big cities, but now more of them ________ back to live and work here. A．used to; have come B．were used to; came C．used to; came D．were used to; have come 【答案】A 【详解】句意：许多年轻人过去常常在大城市工作，但现在更多人已经回来这里生活和工作了。 used to过去常常；were used to被用作；came来，用于一般过去时；have come已经来，用于现在完成时。根据“but now”可知，第一空表示过去常常在大城市工作，而现在却有了变化，used to do sth.意为“过去常常做某事”，后接动词原形，而此空后的work是原形；根据“now”可知，强调动作对现在的影响，第二空应用现在完成时have come，表示已经回来了。 2．We _______ using mobile payments when shopping now, although we ________ pay with cash many years ago. A．used to; used to B．are used to; used to C．used to; are used to D．are used to; are used to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们现在购物习惯使用移动支付，尽管多年前我们常使用现金付款。 used to do sth表示“过去常常做某事”；be used to do sth表示“被用来做某事”；be used to doing sth表示“习惯于做某事”。根据“using mobile payments”可知，第一空表示习惯于做某事，用are used to；根据“pay with cash”可知，第二空表示过去常常用现金支付，用used to。 3．She ________ in the countryside with her grandparents, but now she ________ the fast-paced life in the big city. A．used to live; is used to living. B．is used to living; used to live C．used to living; is used to live D．is used to live; used to living 【答案】A 【详解】句意：她过去常常和祖父母住在乡下，但现在她习惯了大城市的快节奏生活。 used to do sth.表示“过去常常做某事”，后接动词原形；be used to doing sth.表示“习惯于做某事”，后接动名词。根据前半句语境可知描述过去的状态，用used to live；根据后半句“now”可知描述现在的习惯，用is used to living。 一、单项选择 1．—More people choose to go to work by bike to reduce pollution.         —That’s a good way to protect the ________. A．custom B．condition C．environment D．temperature 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——更多人选择骑自行车上班来减少污染。——那是保护环境的好方法。 custom习俗；condition条件；environment环境；temperature温度。根据“reduce pollution”可知，骑自行车是保护环境的方式。应填environment。 2．Nowadays most people take wide highways, but they ________ walk on rough narrow tracks before. A．are used to B．used to C．were used to D．use to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：如今大多数人走宽阔的高速公路，但是他们过去常常走在崎岖狭窄的小路上。 are used to do sth.被用来做某事；used to do sth.过去常常做某事；were used to do sth.过去被用来做某事；use to表达形式错误。“but they...walk on rough narrow tracks before.”表明，此处描述过去的情况，表示过去人们常常走在崎岖狭窄的小路上，且空后walk为动词原形，填used to。 3．—________ has your hometown changed? —It’s much more beautiful now. A．What B．How C．Why D．When 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你的家乡变得怎么样了？——现在漂亮多了。 What什么；How怎样，如何；Why为什么；When什么时候。根据答语“It’s much more beautiful now.”可知，此处询问家乡变化的程度或状况，应用How提问。 4．Thousands of visitors ________ this historic city since it was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. A．visited B．have visited C．will visit D．are visiting 【答案】B 【详解】句意：自从这座历史名城被列入联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录以来，成千上万的游客已经到访此地。 根据句中since引导的时间状语从句，主句需使用现在完成时，强调从过去持续到现在的影响，应填have visited。 5．The ________ helps build new highways and railways for the village. A．volunteer B．government C．farmer 【答案】B 【详解】句意：政府帮乡村修建了新公路和铁路。 volunteer志愿者；government政府；farmer农民。结合常识，修路建铁路是政府行为，应填government。 6．Plastic is widely used to make many household ________ like bottles, containers and shopping bags. A．services B．materials C．products D．inventions 【答案】C 【详解】句意：塑料被广泛用于制造许多家居用品，如瓶子、容器和购物袋。 services服务；materials材料；products产品；inventions发明。根据下文“like bottles, containers and shopping bags”可知，这些都是用塑料制造的“家居用品”，应填products。 7．— Where is your brother? — He ________ to the library. He ________ back in an hour. A．has gone; will come B．has been; came C．went; comes D．goes; has come 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你哥哥在哪里？——他去图书馆了。他将在一个小时后回来。 根据问句“Where is your brother?”可知哥哥现在不在这里，has gone to表示去了某地尚未回来，has been to表示去过某地已经回来，故第一空填has gone；根据时间状语“in an hour”意为“一小时后”，表示将来时间，第二空应用一般将来时will come。 8．My hometown ________ a lot in the past 20 years. A．changed B．changes C．has changed D．will change 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我的家乡在过去20年里变化很大。 “in the past 20 years”是现在完成时的标志，需用has changed。 9．Which sentence is in the present perfect tense? A．I went to the library yesterday. B．I have been to the new library. C．I go to the library every week. D．I will go to the library. 【答案】B 【详解】句意：哪一个句子是现在完成时？ went为go的过去式（一般过去时）；have been为现在完成时结构；go为动词原形（一般现在时）；will go为一般将来时。现在完成时基本结构是have/has+动词过去分词，B选项符合该结构。 10．Great changes have ________ in our village. A．taken place B．took place C．happen D．happened 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们村庄发生了巨大的变化。 take place意为“（有计划、有规划地）发生，产生”；happen意为“（偶然）发生”。定位句子空格前的助动词have，本句时态为现在完成时，结构为have/has+动词过去分词。took place是一般过去式形式，不符合have后接过去分词的语法要求；happen是动词原形，不能直接跟在have后；happened虽为过去分词，但happen多指偶然事件发生，描述村庄规划带来的变化需用take place；taken place是take place的过去分词形式，语法、词义均匹配句子，应填taken place。 二、阅读理解 A study shows that India and China have made great contributions (贡献) to the increase of the world’s forest coverage. During the past twenty years, India and China have planted a large number of trees, which are a third of the new vegetation (植被) in the world. That is as large as the Amazon rainforest. And a quarter of the world’s green growth is coming from China. Over the past 40 years, China has made great efforts to make the land green. In 1978, China began a national-level project called the “Green Great Wall”. With this project, China has succeeded in stopping the wind and the sand in the northern part by planting trees. For example, the Kubuqi Desert in Inner Mongolia, which is near the Yellow River, is the seventh largest desert in China. It was the source of sandstorms in Beijing. But, thanks to the forest, about one-third of the Kubuqi Desert is covered with trees now and the sandstorms have become fewer and fewer. At present, China’s forest coverage rate (覆盖率) is over 25%. The total of the man-made forests in China has reached over 1.3 billion mu and the area is more than twice the size of Germany. China has become a country with the most man-made forests in the world. With China’s success in dealing with desertification (沙漠化), the United Nations Environment Program believes China is one of the most successful countries in fighting desertification. 11．Which picture shows the correct proportion of the newly planted trees in India and China? A． B． C． D． 12．What do we know about the Kubuqi Desert? A．It’s near the Yangtze River. B．It’s China’s seventh largest desert. C．It was the source of sandstorms in Inner Mongolia. D．Two thirds of the desert has been covered with trees. 13．In Paragraph 3, how does the writer explain China’s forest coverage rate? A．By giving examples. B．By telling stories. C．By listing numbers. D．By using pictures. 14．Why does the writer write this text? A．To ask other countries to learn from China. B．To call for more efforts to make Earth greener. C．To ask China to share experience with other countries. D．To show China’s success in dealing with desertification. 【答案】11．B 12．B 13．C 14．D 【导语】本文通过具体数据和实例，介绍了中国在植树造林和治理荒漠化方面取得的巨大成就，展示了中国对世界绿化的重要贡献。 【详解】11．根据第一段“During the past twenty years, India and China have planted a large number of trees, which are a third of the new vegetation in the world…a quarter of the world’s green growth is coming from China.”可知，中印两国种植的树木占世界新植被的三分之一，其中中国贡献了世界总量的四分之一。选项B的图片比例与此数据相符。 12．根据第二段“For example, the Kubuqi Desert in Inner Mongolia…is the seventh largest desert in China. It was the source of sandstorms in Beijing.”可知，它是中国第七大沙漠。 13．根据第三段“At present, China’s forest coverage rate is over 25%…over 1.3 billion mu and the area is more than twice the size of Germany.”可知，该段使用了25%以上、13亿亩以上、两倍以上多个数字，通过列举数据来说明。 14．根据全文内容及最后一段“China has become a country with the most man-made forests in the world. With China’s success in dealing with desertification…China is one of the most successful countries in fighting desertification.”可知，全文从数据到具体事例再到国际认可，核心在于展示中国在治理荒漠化和增加森林覆盖率方面的成功。 三、单词拼写 15．________ your opinion, what makes our hometown change a lot? 【答案】In 【详解】句意：在你看来，是什么让我们的家乡发生了很大的变化？“in one’s opinion”为固定搭配，意为“在某人看来/依某人看”，句首首字母大写，此处需填介词In。 16．Where is your sister? She has g________ to the market to sell digital p________. 【答案】 gone/one products/roducts 【详解】句意：你姐姐在哪？她去市场卖数码产品了。问句询问人当前不在现场，说明人已经出发、还未返回，根据首字母提示，此处用has gone to；第二空根据首字母及“sell digital”可知，此处指的是数码产品。product为名词，表示“产品”，应变为复数形式products。故填gone；products。 17．The teacher told us that we should pay attention to every ________ (方面) of safety. 【答案】aspect 【详解】句意：老师告诉我们要注意安全的方方面面。根据括号内的中文提示“方面”，对应的核心英文单词是aspect。空格前有不定代词every（每一个），其后必须接可数名词的单数形式。 18．Hefei has developed many h________ (高科技的) industries like new energy cars. 【答案】high-tech/igh-tech 【详解】句意：合肥发展了许多像新能源汽车这类高科技产业。high-tech“高科技的”，复合形容词，作定语修饰名词industries，符合首字母h的要求。 19．Cultural tourism has ________ (great) raised the popularity of ancient towns. 【答案】greatly 【详解】句意：文化旅游‌极大地‌提高了古镇的知名度。动词raised需用副词修饰，great是形容词，其副词形式为greatly，意为“大大地、极大地”，符合语法和语义要求。 四、完成句子 20．In 2017, the new 480-kilometre Mombasa-Nairobi railway was opened.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ the new Mombasa-Nairobi railway opened? 【答案】 When was 【详解】句意：2017年，全新的蒙巴萨——内罗毕480公里铁路正式通车。划线部分“In 2017”表示时间，对时间状语提问需使用特殊疑问词When。原句谓语动词为“was opened”，是一般过去时的被动语态。变为特殊疑问句时，结构为“疑问词+be动词+主语+过去分词”。主语“the new...railway”为单数，且时态为过去时，因此be动词选用was，并将其提至主语前。故填When；was。 21．Jane, long time no see. (改为同义句) Jane, I haven’t ________ you ________ a long time. 【答案】 seen for 【详解】句意：简，好久不见。其同义句表达为“简，我已经很久没见到你了”。同义句中含有助动词haven’t，表明句子时态为现在完成时，结构为：have/has+过去分词。 第一空应该用动词see的过去分词seen。第二空后“a long time”表示一段时间。在现在完成时中，接一段时间用介词for。故填seen；for。 22．Did people live in small old houses long ago? （用 used to 改写句子，每空一词） ________ people ________ ________ ________ in small old houses long ago? 【答案】 Did use to live 【详解】句意：很久以前人们是住在狭小的老房子里吗? 本句是一般过去时的一般疑问句。确定结构：used to的疑问句主要有两种形式：形式一：Used+主语+to+动词原形+...? 形式二：Did+主语+use+to+动词原形+...? 匹配空格：题干中共有 4 个空。若用形式一（Used people to live...），只需填 3 个词，不符合题意。因此需采用形式二。第一空：助动词 Did 提至句首。第二、三空：固定搭配 use to。注意在 Did 之后，used 要还原为原形 use。第四空：原句中的谓语动词 live 需要填入，保持动词原形。故填Did；use；to；live。 23．科学的种植方法能让农民受益巨大。 Farmers can _________ greatly _________ scientific planting methods. 【答案】 benefit from 【详解】原句中关键词是“受益”，对应固定短语benefit from，意为“从……中受益”。句中“can”是情态动词，后面必须接动词原形。故填benefit；from。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 The Changing World 主 题 场 景 分 类 词 汇 一、名词： ___________家乡，故乡 ____________________________________________ 翻译：我爱我美丽的家乡。 1. ___________志愿者 ____________________________________________ 翻译：玛丽亚去古巴做志愿者。 2. ___________ 条件，状况 搭配：生活条件 ____________________________________________ 翻译：现在人们的生活条件好多了。 3. ___________亲戚，亲属 ____________________________________________ 翻译：我在网上和亲戚保持联系。 4. ___________ 交流，沟通 ____________________________________________ 翻译：手机让沟通变得更方便。 5. ___________发展 ____________________________________________ 翻译：我们惊叹于中国飞速的发展。 6. ___________ 人口 ____________________________________________ 翻译：你们城市的人口是多少？ ___________ 政策 ____________________________________________ 翻译：政府实施了一项新政策。 7. ___________ 能源，能量 ____________________________________________ 翻译：很多国家能源短缺。 8. ___________资源 ____________________________________________ 翻译：我们应该保护自然资源。 ___________ 措施，办法 ____________________________________________ 翻译：政府采取措施帮助穷人。 9. ___________ 夫妻；一对 ____________________________________________ 翻译：这对年轻夫妻有两个孩子。 10. ___________空间 ____________________________________________ 翻译：过去大家庭几乎没有居住空间。 11. ___________百分之…… ____________________________________________ 翻译：百分之五十的学生喜欢旅行。 12. ___________ 街区 ____________________________________________ 翻译：我们街区附近有一家医院。 13. ___________ 歌剧 ____________________________________________ 翻译：我喜欢看京剧。 14. ___________ 困境，需求 ____________________________________________ 翻译：我们必须帮助有困难的人。 15. ___________ 工程，项目 ____________________________________________ 翻译：希望工程在贫困地区修建学校。 16. ___________ 进步 ____________________________________________ 翻译：你的英语取得了很大进步。 ___________ /eɪd/ 援助，救助 ____________________________________________ 翻译：他们向山村送去医疗援助。 17. ___________ 意义，含义 ____________________________________________ 翻译：志愿工作有着重大意义。 18. 1. 1. 1. 1. 二、动词： ___________ 发展；培养 ____________________________________________ 翻译：近些年小城镇发展迅速。 2. ___________改善，提高 ____________________________________________ 翻译：我练习听力来提高英语。 3. afford买得起；承担得起 ____________________________________________ 翻译：过去，父母负担不起孩子的教育。 4. ___________ 供养；支持 ____________________________________________ 翻译：小孩子打工来养家糊口。 5. ___________ 交流，沟通 ____________________________________________ 翻译：我们用微信和朋友沟通。 6. ___________ 使满足，使满意 ____________________________________________ 翻译：各式各样的食物能满足人们的需求。 7. ___________成功 ____________________________________________ 翻译：中国成功举办了 2008 年奥运会。 8. ___________ 增长，增加 ____________________________________________ 翻译：人口每年都在增长。 9. ___________ 培训，训练 ____________________________________________ 翻译：希望工程培训了许多教师。 10. ___________提供 ____________________________________________ 翻译：学校为学生提供免费书籍。 三、形容词 adj. 2. ___________ 迅速的 ____________________________________________ 翻译：我们能看到城市飞速的变化。 ___________ 最近的 ____________________________________________ 翻译：我看了一些关于家乡的近期新闻。 3. ___________ 发展中的 ____________________________________________ 翻译：中国是一个发展中国家。 4. ___________ 发达的 ____________________________________________ 翻译：许多发达国家人口较少。 5. 6. ___________短缺的；短的 ____________________________________________ 翻译：很多地方缺少淡水。 7. 8. ___________ 当地的，本地的 ____________________________________________ 翻译：我周末经常吃当地美食。 9. ___________ 无家可归的 ____________________________________________ 翻译：放学后我们帮助无家可归的孩子。 10. ___________ 有意义的 ____________________________________________ 翻译：做志愿者是一件有意义的事。 11. ___________ 合适的 ____________________________________________ 翻译：这本故事书适合青少年阅读。 12. ___________基础的 ____________________________________________ 翻译：每个孩子都应接受基础教育。 13. ___________ 医疗的 ____________________________________________ 翻译：现在穷人可以享受免费医疗。 14. ___________ 感到满意的 ____________________________________________ 翻译：我的父母对我的学习很满意。 四、副词 adv. ___________ 快速地 ____________________________________________ 翻译：我们的国家正在飞速发展。 2. ___________最近 ____________________________________________ 翻译：我最近没有见到老朋友。 3. 4. ___________ 如今，现在 ____________________________________________ 翻译：如今几乎每家都有手机。 五、数词 num. 2. ___________ 十亿 ____________________________________________ 翻译：世界人口超过七十亿。 3. 4. ___________ 千 ____________________________________________ 翻译：希望工程修建了成千上万所学校。 短 语 take place 发生（无被动） 例句：Great changes have taken place here. 翻译：这里发生了巨大变化。 1. carry out 执行，实施 例句：China carried out the one-child policy long ago. 翻译：中国多年前实施了独生子女政策。 2. keep in touch with 与…… 保持联系 例句：We keep in touch with each other online. 翻译：我们在网上互相保持联系。 3. be short of 短缺…… 例句：The city is short of clean water. 翻译：这座城市缺少干净的水源。 4. take measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事 例句：The government takes measures to solve problems. 翻译：政府采取措施解决问题。 5. in need 在困境中 例句：We should help people in need. 翻译：我们应该帮助有困难的人。 6. make progress 取得进步 例句：He makes progress in math every term. 翻译：他每学期数学都有进步。 7. get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 例句：She gets used to getting up early. 翻译：她习惯早起。 8. used to do sth. 过去常常做某事 例句：I used to walk to school. 翻译：我过去常常走路去上学。 实 用 交 际 套 句 型 1、 今昔对比描写句： 1.In the past, many families were big and poor. Parents couldn’t afford an education for their children. 过去很多家庭又大又穷，父母负担不起孩子的教育。【写过去艰苦】 2.Most children had to work to help support their families. 大多数孩子必须打工养家糊口。 3.Big families shared small old houses. The roads were narrow and dirty. 大家庭挤在狭小破旧的房子里，道路狭窄脏乱。 4.Now great changes have taken place in China. People’s living conditions are much better. 如今中国发生巨变，人们的生活条件好了很多。【转折对比】 5.We can also keep in touch with relatives and friends by telephone or the Internet. 我们可以通过电话、网络和亲友保持联系。【通讯变化素材】 6.There are more kinds of food and clothes to satisfy people’s needs. 各式各样的衣食，满足人们的需求。 二、口语短句： 1.I haven’t seen you for a long time. 好久不见。 2.By the way, where’s Maria? 顺便问一下，玛丽亚去哪了？ 三、阅读拔高金句： 1. It has already succeeded in hosting the 2008 Olympic Games. 中国已经成功举办了 2008 年奥运会。（succeed in doing 考点） 2. More and more ring roads have appeared. People’s living conditions have improved a lot. 越来越多环城公路建成，人们生活条件大幅改善。 语法 现在完成时 写作 变化类作文（社会变化、家乡变化、个人生活变化） 一、知识点精讲 1.develop v. 发展；培养 变形：development n. 发展；developing adj. 发展中的；developed adj. 发达的 例句：China is developing rapidly. 翻译：中国正在飞速发展。 例句：China is a developing country. 翻译：中国是发展中国家。 2.rapidly adv. 快速地 例句：Cities are changing rapidly. 翻译：城市变化日新月异。 3.afford v. 负担得起，买得起（搭配 can/could） 搭配：afford sth. /afford to do sth. 例句：In the past, parents couldn’t afford their kids’ education. 翻译：过去父母负担不起孩子的学费。 4.satisfy v. 使满足 搭配：satisfy one’s needs 满足某人需求 例句：Different food can satisfy people’s needs. 翻译：各式各样的食物满足人们的需求。 5.succeed v. 成功 搭配：succeed in doing sth. 例句：China succeeded in hosting the 2008 Olympics. 翻译：中国成功举办 2008 年奥运会 二、核心语法精讲 现在完成时 一、基本构成 1. 肯定句 主语 + have /has + 动词过去分词 主语第三人称单数（he/she/it/ 单数人名 / 单数名词）→ has 其他人称（I/you/we/they/ 复数）→ have 例： I have finished my homework. 我做完作业了。 She has been to Beijing. 她去过北京。 2. 否定句 主语 + have /has + not + 过去分词 缩写：haven’t /hasn’t 例：They haven’t seen the film. 他们没看过这部电影。 3. 一般疑问句 Have / Has + 主语 + 过去分词？ 回答：Yes, 主语 + have/has./ No, 主语 + haven’t/hasn’t. 例： —Have you ever taken photos there? —Yes, I have. 三、单元写作清单 1. 话题分析 1. 核心话题：变化类作文（社会变化、家乡变化、个人生活变化） 2. 题目高频考法 Changes in My Hometown （最高频）家乡的变化 Changes in My Life 我的生活变化 The World Is Changing for the Better 世界变得更美好 Great Changes in China 中国的巨变 3. 固定写作逻辑：过去穷/差 → 现在好/美 → 感慨+展望 4. 必须使用的核心时态（得分关键） 过去：used to do / 一般过去时 现在变化：现在完成时（本单元必考语法） 2. 写作框架 第一段：开篇点题（总起、一句话入题） 功能：直接点出“发生巨大变化”，简洁高级 万能开头句： Great changes have taken place in my hometown / our life over the past few years. 近年来，我的家乡/我们的生活发生了巨大的变化。 第二段：主体对比段（全文最高分段落） 写作公式：In the past（过去差） + But now（现在好） 分三个维度写：生活条件 + 交通环境 + 交流教育 过去模板（统一用 used to） In the past, people used to live a hard life. The houses were old and small. The roads were narrow. People could hardly afford good food or new clothes. 现在模板（统一用现在完成时） But now things have changed greatly. People’s living conditions have improved a lot. There are tall buildings and wide roads. People can enjoy better food, clothes and education. 第三段：结尾升华（感慨+展望未来） 万能结尾（二选一） 1. With the rapid development of our country, our life is becoming better and better. 随着国家的快速发展，我们的生活越来越好。 2. I’m proud of these great changes. I believe our hometown will become more beautiful in the future. 我为这些巨变感到自豪，我相信家乡未来会更美。 3. 写作素材 生活条件素材 In the past, many families were poor. They lived in small old houses and had little food. Now people live in bright and comfortable buildings. They have enough delicious food and new clothes. 交通环境素材 Years ago, the roads were narrow and dirty. People used to walk or ride bikes to work. Now there are wide roads and many ring roads. People can take buses, cars and high-speed trains. 教育与交流素材 In the past, many children couldn’t afford to go to school. People kept in touch by letters. Now most children can get good education. People communicate with each other by phones and the Internet. 4. 范文背诵 Changes in My Hometown Great changes have taken place in my hometown over the past few years. In the past, my hometown was very poor. The roads were narrow and dirty. People used to live in small old houses. They couldn’t afford delicious food or new clothes. Many children even had no chances to go to school. Life was very hard for most people. But now everything has changed for the better. The roads are wide and clean. More and more tall buildings have appeared. People’s living conditions have improved a lot. We can enjoy different kinds of food and beautiful clothes. Children can study in bright classrooms and get good education. People also keep in touch with their friends and relatives easily on the Internet. With the rapid development of our country, our life is becoming better and better. I am very proud of my hometown. I hope it will become more and more beautiful in the future. 易错点01 短暂性动词与 for/since 连用 【错因辨析】 原理：buy、leave、die、borrow、join 都是一瞬间完成的动作，不能持续一段时间；遇到 for/since/how long 必须换成延续性状态短语 【对点训练】 1．We didn’t have any good places for shopping ________ 10 years ago. A．since B．for C．until D．by 易错点02 have been to /have gone to /have been in 混淆 【错因辨析】 have been to + 地点：去过某地，人已经回来，可搭配 twice、three times； ❌ —Where is Maria? —She has been to Cuba. ✅ Maria has been to Cuba twice. have gone to + 地点：去了某地，人不在现场； ✅ —Where is Maria? —She has gone to Cuba. have been in + 地点 + 时间段：在某地居住、停留多久； ❌ He has been to the city for 10 years. ✅ He has been in the city for 10 years. 【对点训练】 1．—I have been to Shanghai twice. —________. I went there last year. A．So have I B．So I have C．Neither have I D．I have so 2．— Have you ever ________ to the new science museum? — Yes, I ________ there with my class last week. A．been; went B．gone; have gone C．been; have been D．gone; went 3．—Lucy, where is your father? —He ________ Shanghai to attend an AI technology conference. He will be back tomorrow. A．has gone to B．has been to C．has been in D．went to 易错点03 used to 三组句型极易混淆（to 词性是关键） 【错因辨析】 1. used to do sth. 过去常常（to 是不定式，加动词原形） 变否定、疑问句，助动词 did 后 used 变回 use（去掉 d） ❌ I didn’t used to walk to school. ✅ I didn’t use to walk to school. ❌ Did you used to live in old houses? ✅ Did you use to live in old houses? 2. be/get used to doing sth. 习惯于（to 是介词，后面动词必须加 - ing） ❌ I am used to get up early. ✅ I am used to getting up early. 3. be used to do sth. 被用来做（被动语态，to 加动词原形） ❌ Wood is used to making paper. ✅ Wood is used to make paper. 【对点训练】 1．Many young people ________ work in big cities, but now more of them ________ back to live and work here. A．used to; have come B．were used to; came C．used to; came D．were used to; have come 2．We _______ using mobile payments when shopping now, although we ________ pay with cash many years ago. A．used to; used to B．are used to; used to C．used to; are used to D．are used to; are used to 3．She ________ in the countryside with her grandparents, but now she ________ the fast-paced life in the big city. A．used to live; is used to living. B．is used to living; used to live C．used to living; is used to live D．is used to live; used to living 一、单项选择 1．—More people choose to go to work by bike to reduce pollution.         —That’s a good way to protect the ________. A．custom B．condition C．environment D．temperature 2．Nowadays most people take wide highways, but they ________ walk on rough narrow tracks before. A．are used to B．used to C．were used to D．use to 3．—________ has your hometown changed? —It’s much more beautiful now. A．What B．How C．Why D．When 4．Thousands of visitors ________ this historic city since it was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. A．visited B．have visited C．will visit D．are visiting 5．The ________ helps build new highways and railways for the village. A．volunteer B．government C．farmer 6．Plastic is widely used to make many household ________ like bottles, containers and shopping bags. A．services B．materials C．products D．inventions 7．— Where is your brother? — He ________ to the library. He ________ back in an hour. A．has gone; will come B．has been; came C．went; comes D．goes; has come 8．My hometown ________ a lot in the past 20 years. A．changed B．changes C．has changed D．will change 9．Which sentence is in the present perfect tense? A．I went to the library yesterday. B．I have been to the new library. C．I go to the library every week. D．I will go to the library. 10．Great changes have ________ in our village. A．taken place B．took place C．happen D．happened 二、阅读理解 A study shows that India and China have made great contributions (贡献) to the increase of the world’s forest coverage. During the past twenty years, India and China have planted a large number of trees, which are a third of the new vegetation (植被) in the world. That is as large as the Amazon rainforest. And a quarter of the world’s green growth is coming from China. Over the past 40 years, China has made great efforts to make the land green. In 1978, China began a national-level project called the “Green Great Wall”. With this project, China has succeeded in stopping the wind and the sand in the northern part by planting trees. For example, the Kubuqi Desert in Inner Mongolia, which is near the Yellow River, is the seventh largest desert in China. It was the source of sandstorms in Beijing. But, thanks to the forest, about one-third of the Kubuqi Desert is covered with trees now and the sandstorms have become fewer and fewer. At present, China’s forest coverage rate (覆盖率) is over 25%. The total of the man-made forests in China has reached over 1.3 billion mu and the area is more than twice the size of Germany. China has become a country with the most man-made forests in the world. With China’s success in dealing with desertification (沙漠化), the United Nations Environment Program believes China is one of the most successful countries in fighting desertification. 11．Which picture shows the correct proportion of the newly planted trees in India and China? A． B． C． D． 12．What do we know about the Kubuqi Desert? A．It’s near the Yangtze River. B．It’s China’s seventh largest desert. C．It was the source of sandstorms in Inner Mongolia. D．Two thirds of the desert has been covered with trees. 13．In Paragraph 3, how does the writer explain China’s forest coverage rate? A．By giving examples. B．By telling stories. C．By listing numbers. D．By using pictures. 14．Why does the writer write this text? A．To ask other countries to learn from China. B．To call for more efforts to make Earth greener. C．To ask China to share experience with other countries. D．To show China’s success in dealing with desertification. 三、单词拼写 15．________ your opinion, what makes our hometown change a lot? 16．Where is your sister? She has g________ to the market to sell digital p________. 17．The teacher told us that we should pay attention to every ________ (方面) of safety. 18．Hefei has developed many h________ (高科技的) industries like new energy cars. 19．Cultural tourism has ________ (great) raised the popularity of ancient towns. 四、完成句子 20．In 2017, the new 480-kilometre Mombasa-Nairobi railway was opened.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ the new Mombasa-Nairobi railway opened? 21．Jane, long time no see. (改为同义句) Jane, I haven’t ________ you ________ a long time. 22．Did people live in small old houses long ago? （用 used to 改写句子，每空一词） ________ people ________ ________ ________ in small old houses long ago? 23．科学的种植方法能让农民受益巨大。 Farmers can _________ greatly _________ scientific planting methods. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $