Unit 2 Section A 知识清单 2026-2027学年人教版九年级英语上册

该初中英语Unit 2 "Inspiring People" Section A知识清单系统整合了励志人物主题下的重点词汇、短语、句型、语法及练习内容，知识组织按“基础词汇积累-核心短语应用-功能句型解析-语法规则梳理”分层递进，为学生搭建从语言输入到输出的完整学习支架。 清单通过“单词详解+归纳拓展”构建词汇网络，如“chemist”关联“chemistry”“chemical”，强化语言能力；核心句式明确区分“It is + adj. + of/for sb. to do sth.”用法，标注形容词类型（描述人品/事物特征），培养思维品质。练习设计涵盖单词拼写、短语运用、句型转换等分层任务，适配不同学习水平，学生可自主检测，教师能直接用于课堂巩固，提升教学效率。

Unit 2 Inspiring People Section A 知识清单 一、重点单词 1. writer /ˈraɪtə(r)/n. 作家；作者 2. historian /hɪˈstɔːriən/n. 历史学家 3. professor /prəˈfesə(r)/n. 教授 4. teacher /ˈtiːtʃə(r)/n. 教师；老师 5. researcher /rɪˈsɜːtʃə(r)/n. 研究员；研究者 6. scientist /ˈsaɪəntɪst/n. 科学家 7. chemist /ˈkemɪst/n. 化学家 8. physicist /ˈfɪzɪsɪst/n. 物理学家 9. hunger /ˈhʌŋɡə(r)/n. 饥饿；饥荒；reduce hunger 减少饥饿 10. farm /fɑːm/v. 耕种；务农 n. 农场；farming n. 农业；耕作 11. drop /drɒp/v. 放弃；落下；drop out of school 辍学 12. continue /kənˈtɪnjuː/v. 继续；持续 13. review /rɪˈvjuː/v. & n. 查阅；复习；回顾 14. calendar /ˈkælɪndə(r)/n. 日历；历法 15. discovery /dɪˈskʌvəri/n. 发现；discover v. 发现 16. Nobel /nəʊˈbel/n. 诺贝尔；Nobel Prize 诺贝尔奖 17. engineer /ˌendʒɪˈnɪə(r)/n. 工程师 18. railway /ˈreɪlweɪ/n. 铁路；railway line 铁路线 19. airway /ˈeəweɪ/n. 航线；航道 20. modern /ˈmɒdn/adj. 现代的；近代 21. develop /dɪˈveləp/v. 发展；研发；development n. 发展 22. nurse /nɜːs/n. 护士 v. 护理 23. wounded /ˈwuːndɪd/adj. 受伤的；the wounded soldiers 伤员 24. soldier /ˈsəʊldʒə(r)/n. 士兵；战士 25. spread /spred/v. 传播；蔓延（过去式 / 过去分词 spread） 26. disease /dɪˈziːz/n. 疾病 27. pioneer /ˌpaɪəˈnɪə(r)/n. 先驱；开拓者 v. 开拓 28. computer /kəmˈpjuːtə(r)/n. 电脑；计算机 29. technology /tekˈnɒlədʒi/n. 科技；技术 30. creative /kriˈeɪtɪv/adj. 有创造力的；creat v. 创造 31. design /dɪˈzaɪn/v. & n. 设计 32. balance /ˈbæləns/n. 平衡 v. 保持平衡；a balance between …… 之间的平衡 33. courage /ˈkʌrɪdʒ/n. 勇气；胆量；full of courage 充满勇气 34. wisdom /ˈwɪzdəm/n. 智慧；才智；full of wisdom 充满智慧 35. live /lɪv/v. 生活；居住；live in space 太空生活 36. teach /tiːtʃ/v. 讲授；教（过去式 / 过去分词 taught） 37. exchange /ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒ/n. & v. 交换；交流；exchange study 游学 38. support /səˈpɔːt/v. & n. 支持；扶持 39. encourage /ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒ/v. 鼓励；激励 40. curiosity /ˌkjʊriˈɒsəti/n. 好奇心；great curiosity 强烈的好奇心 41. dream /driːm/v. & n. 梦想；dream big 胸怀大志 二、重点短语 1. drop out of school 辍学 2. do research 做研究 3. reduce hunger 减少饥饿 4. train sb. to do sth. 训练某人做某事 5. Nobel Prize 诺贝尔奖 6. British railways 英国铁路 7. modern nursing 现代护理 8. stop the spread of diseases 阻止疾病传播 9. computer science 计算机科学 10. look up to 仰慕；钦佩 11. live in space 在太空生活 12. teach a live class 直播授课 13. exchange study 游学 14. full of courage 充满勇气 15. full of wisdom 充满智慧 16. dream big 胸怀大志 17. never give up 永不放弃 三、重点句子 1. He developed a new kind of rice and helped reduce hunger. 他培育出一种新型水稻，帮助人们缓解饥饿。 2. He dropped out of school at an early age, but he continued to study and became a great scientist. 他年少辍学，但坚持学习，最终成为了一名伟大的科学家。 3. It was very creative of him to design the glass pyramid at the Louvre Museum. 他设计卢浮宫玻璃金字塔，极具创意。 4. He created a beautiful balance between the East and the West. 他在东西方文化之间打造出一种美妙的平衡。 5. She is full of courage and wisdom. 她兼具勇气与智慧。 6. It's really very nice of him to support and encourage my exchange study. 他十分热心，一直支持并鼓励我外出游学。 7. It was difficult for him to do that kind of work back in those days. 在那个年代，他从事那样的工作十分艰难。 四、单词详解 1. researcher /rɪˈsɜːtʃə(r)/n. 研究员；研究者 观察 The famous researcher devotes all his life to science. 这位知名研究员毕生致力于科学研究。 归纳拓展 research v. & n. 研究；do research 做研究 2. chemist /ˈkemɪst/n. 化学家 观察 The chemist does many experiments every day. 这位化学家每天做大量实验。 归纳拓展 chemistry n. 化学；chemical adj. 化学的 3. physicist /ˈfɪzɪsɪst/n. 物理学家 观察 He is a great physicist who made many great discoveries. 他是一位成就斐然的伟大物理学家。 归纳拓展 physics n. 物理；physical adj. 物理的 4. hunger /ˈhʌŋɡə(r)/n. 饥饿；饥荒 观察 Many areas in the world are still fighting against hunger. 世界上很多地区仍在与饥荒作斗争。 归纳拓展 hungry adj. 饥饿的；reduce hunger 减少饥饿 5. drop out of school 辍学 观察 He didn't drop out of school though his family was poor. 尽管家境贫寒，他也没有辍学。 归纳拓展 drop out 退出；退学 6. continue /kənˈtɪnjuː/v. 继续 观察 He continued to study after he left school. 他离开学校后依旧坚持学习。 归纳拓展 continue to do /continue doing sth. 继续做某事 7. discovery /dɪˈskʌvəri/n. 发现 观察 Her discoveries changed the world greatly. 她的诸多发现极大地改变了世界。 归纳拓展 discover v. 发现；make discoveries 有所发现 8. pioneer /ˌpaɪəˈnɪə(r)/n. 先驱；开拓者 观察 He is the pioneer of computer science. 他是计算机科学领域的先驱。 归纳拓展 pioneer in …… 领域的先驱 9. creative /kriˈeɪtɪv/adj. 有创造力的 观察 The designer is very creative. 这位设计师富有创意。 归纳拓展 create v. 创造；creation n. 创作；作品 10. balance /ˈbæləns/n. 平衡 观察 We should keep a balance between work and rest. 我们应该劳逸结合。 归纳拓展 a balance between A and B A 与 B 之间的平衡；keep balance 保持平衡 11. courage /ˈkʌrɪdʒ/n. 勇气 观察 She has enough courage to face difficulties. 她有足够的勇气面对困难。 归纳拓展 brave adj. 勇敢的；full of courage 充满勇气 12. wisdom /ˈwɪzdəm/n. 智慧 观察 Old people are full of wisdom. 长者充满智慧。 归纳拓展 wise adj. 明智的；full of wisdom 充满智慧 13. exchange /ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒ/n. & v. 交换；交流 观察 I take part in an exchange study program. 我参加了游学项目。 归纳拓展 exchange study 游学；exchange ideas 交流想法 五、短语详解 1. drop out of school 辍学 观察 It's not good for teenagers to drop out of school. 青少年辍学是不可取的。 归纳拓展 同义表达：leave school 退学 2. do research 做研究 观察 Scientists do research day and night. 科学家们日夜开展研究。 3. stop the spread of diseases 阻止疾病传播 观察 Nurses work hard to stop the spread of diseases. 护士们努力阻止疾病传播。 归纳拓展 spread v. 传播；蔓延 4. look up to 仰慕；钦佩 观察 We all look up to those inspiring people. 我们都十分敬佩这些励志人物。 归纳拓展 同义短语：admire v. 钦佩 5. never give up 永不放弃 观察 Whatever happens, never give up. 无论发生什么，都不要放弃。 六、核心句式 1. It is + adj. + of sb. to do sth. 某人做某事，真是…… 用法 用于评价人的品德、性格等，形容词多为描述人品的词汇，如 nice, creative, brave, wise 等。 例句 It was very creative of him to design the pyramid. 他设计这座金字塔，十分有创意。 It's really very nice of him to help me. 他乐于助人，十分善良。 2. It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说，做某事是…… 用法 用于描述做某事的难易、客观情况，形容词多描述事物特征，如 difficult, important, amazing 等。 例句 It was difficult for him to finish the work long ago. 在过去，他完成这份工作十分艰难。 It is important for us to keep going. 坚持下去对我们来说很重要。 3. full of + 名词 充满…… 例句 She is full of courage and wisdom. 她兼具勇气与智慧。 4. continue to do sth. 继续做某事 例句 He continued to study after dropping out of school. 他辍学后依旧坚持学习。 七、语法知识 本单元核心语法为 It 作形式主语 的两大经典句型： It is + 形容词 + of sb. to do sth. 侧重评价人物的品行、性格，常用形容词：nice, brave, wise, creative, inspiring 等。 It is + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth. 侧重描述动作本身的性质、难度，常用形容词：difficult, important, amazing, necessary 等。 两个句型中，it 均为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式结构。 八、练习 一、根据句意及首字母提示写单词 1. Lu Xun is a great w________ in China. 2. As a h________, he studies history all his life. 3. The c________ works hard to study chemistry. 4. Many people still suffer from h________ in poor areas. 5. He didn't give up and c________ to study after leaving school. 6. It is b________ of the soldier to protect people. 7. The artist keeps a good b________ between two styles. 8. She is a girl full of c________ and wisdom. 二、用方框内短语的适当形式填空 9. drop out of school, do research, look up to, full of, give up 10. We all ________ those great scientists. 11. Don't ________ easily when you meet difficulties. 12. He ________ at a young age but learned by himself later. 13. The scientist ________ on physics every day. 14. The young man is ________ courage. 三、句型转换（改写为 It 作形式主语的句型） 15. You are kind to help me. 16. To finish the task is hard for me. 17. He was brave to stand up for others. 四、翻译句子 18. 他培育了新型水稻，缓解了饥饿问题。 19. 这位设计师在东西方之间实现了美妙的平衡。 20. 对我们来说，坚持梦想很重要。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $