新课3 必修第一册 Unit 2 Sports and Fitness（词汇+课文预习讲义，全国通用）（北师大版）英语初升高衔接

Unit 2 Sports and Fitness（单词+课文） 目录 重点速记：单元词汇、词组梳理 课文聚焦：课文预习、句型讲解 学以致用：巩固提升，全面突破 重点速记 1、 单元词汇一览 Ⅰ.记清阅读单词 7 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.badminton n. 羽毛球 2.golf n. 高尔夫 3.gymnastics n. 体操 4.bowling n. 保龄球 5.skateboard n. 滑板 vi. 用滑板滑行 6.stair n. 楼梯；梯级 7.net n. (网球等的)球网；网 8.court n. (网球等的)球场 9.underdog n. 处于劣势的人(队)；弱方 10.shot n. 投球，击球；机会 11.bench n. 替补队员席 12.replacement n. 替换的人(物) 13.boxing n. 拳击(运动) 14.bounce vi. & vt. (使)弹起，(使)反弹 15.halfway adv. 半途地 16.system n．系统 17.membership n. 会员身份 18.upper adj. 较上的，上面的 19.oxygen n. 氧 20.guideline n. 指导方针，指导原则 21.click vi. & vt. 点击(鼠标) 22.principle n. 原则，基本的观念 23.shortcut n. 捷径，近路 24.overnight adv. 突然，一下子 25.muscle n. 肌肉 26.bone n. 骨头，骨 27.overdo vt. 把……做得过火 28.overtake vt. 超过 29.sportsmanship n. 体育精神 30.bronze n. 铜 Ⅱ.记牢核心单词 1.athlete n. 运动员 2.track n. 跑道 3.diet n. 日常饮食 4.defeat vt. (在比赛、战争中)战胜，打败 5.company n. 公司；一群人 6.champion n. 冠军，第一名 7.pack n. 绷带，敷布；包，包裹 vi. & vt. 把……包起来 8.extra adj. 额外的，另外的 9.clap vi. & vt. 鼓掌，拍手 10.earn vt. 赢得；博得 11.audience n. 观众；听众 12.remind vt. 使(某人)想起，提醒 13.case n. 状况，场合；事例，实例 14.bite vi. & vt. 咬 15.warm­up n. 热身运动，准备活动 16.quit vi. & vt. 停止(做某事) 17.tip n. 建议，忠告，窍门 18.weekly adj. 一周一次的，每周的 19.awkward adj. 令人尴尬的 20.disease n. 疾病 21.flow vi. 流，流动 n. 流动 22.detail n. 细节 23.amount n. 数量，数额 24.sweat n. 汗水 25.sight n. 视野 26.medal n. 奖牌；勋章 27.gesture n. 姿态；手势；姿势 28.prevent vt. 预防；阻止，阻挡 29.belt n. 腰带，皮带 30.capable adj. 能干的；能力强的 【核心词汇精选精讲】 1. athlete /ˈæθliːt/ n. 运动员 搭配： professional athlete 职业运动员；track and field athlete 田径运动员 拓展： athletic adj. 运动的；健壮的；athletics n. 田径运动 例句： She is a talented athlete who has won several gold medals in international competitions. 2. defeat /dɪˈfiːt/ vt. (在比赛、战争中)战胜，打败 搭配： defeat the opponent 击败对手；admit defeat 承认失败 拓展： defeated adj. 受挫的；defeatism n. 失败主义 例句： The team worked hard to defeat their rivals in the final match. 3. champion /ˈtʃæmpiən/ n. 冠军，第一名 搭配： world champion 世界冠军；defend the champion title 卫冕冠军 拓展： championship n. 锦标赛；冠军称号 例句： After years of training, he finally became the boxing champion of the world. 4. audience /ˈɔːdiəns/ n. 观众；听众 搭配： target audience 目标受众；appeal to the audience 吸引观众 拓展： audible adj. 听得见的；audit v. 审计；旁听 例句： The speaker kept the audience engaged with his humorous stories. 5. remind /rɪˈmaɪnd/ vt. 使(某人)想起，提醒 搭配： remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起某事；remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事 拓展： reminder n. 提醒物；备忘录 例句： Please remind me to call my mother when we get home. 6. prevent /prɪˈvent/ vt. 预防；阻止，阻挡 搭配： prevent sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事；prevent disease 预防疾病 拓展： prevention n. 预防；preventive adj. 预防性的 例句: Regular exercise can help prevent heart disease and other health problems. 7. capable /ˈkeɪpəbl/ adj. 能干的；能力强的 搭配： be capable of doing sth. 有能力做某事；a capable leader 能干的领导 拓展： capability n. 能力；性能；incapable adj. 无能力的 例句： She is capable of handling complex projects under pressure. 8. awkward /ˈɔːkwəd/ adj. 令人尴尬的；笨拙的 搭配： an awkward silence 尴尬的沉默；feel awkward 感到不自在 拓展： awkwardly adv. 笨拙地；尴尬地 例句： He felt awkward when he realized he had forgotten her name. 9. detail /ˈdiːteɪl/ n. 细节 搭配： in detail 详细地；pay attention to details 关注细节 拓展： detailed adj. 详细的；detailing n. 细部处理 例句： The report describes the project plan in great detail. 10. amount /əˈmaʊnt/ n. 数量，数额 搭配： a large amount of 大量的（接不可数名词）；the total amount 总额 拓展： amount to 总计；相当于 例句： A significant amount of money was spent on the new sports facility. 11. sweat /swet/ n. 汗水 vi. 出汗 搭配： break into a sweat 冒汗；no sweat 没问题（口语） 拓展： sweaty adj. 出汗的；湿透的 例句： After running for an hour, he was covered in sweat. 12. medal /ˈmedl/ n. 奖牌；勋章 搭配： win a gold/silver/bronze medal 赢得金/银/铜牌 拓展： medalist n. 奖牌获得者 例句： The athlete proudly displayed his Olympic gold medal. 13. gesture /ˈdʒestʃə(r)/ n. 姿态；手势；姿势 搭配： make a gesture 做手势；a gesture of goodwill 善意的姿态 拓展： gesticulate v. 打手势 例句： He made a rude gesture at the driver, which caused an argument. 14. sportsmanship /ˈspɔːtsmənʃɪp/ n. 体育精神 搭配： show good sportsmanship 展现良好的体育精神 拓展： sportsman n. 运动员；sportsmanlike adj. 有体育精神的 例句： Good sportsmanship is more important than winning the game. 15. underdog /ˌʌndədɒɡ/ n. 处于劣势的人(队)；弱方 搭配： root for the underdog 支持弱者；the ultimate underdog 最终的逆袭者 拓展： 无常见派生词，多为合成词概念 例句： Everyone cheered for the underdog team as they fought back to win. 16. replacement /rɪˈpleɪsmənt/ n. 替换的人(物) 搭配： find a replacement for... 寻找……的替代者；as a replacement 作为替补 拓展： replace v. 替换；replaceable adj. 可替换的 例句： We need to find a suitable replacement for the injured player. 17. principle /ˈprɪnsəpl/ n. 原则，基本的观念 搭配： in principle 原则上；stick to one's principles 坚持原则 拓展： principal adj. 主要的 n. 校长（注意区分 spelling） 例句： Honesty is a fundamental principle in both life and sports. 18. guideline /ˈgaɪdlaɪn/ n. 指导方针，指导原则 搭配： follow the guidelines 遵循指导方针；safety guidelines 安全准则 拓展： guide v. 引导；line n. 线 例句： The school issued new guidelines for using the gymnasium. 19. membership /ˈmembəʃɪp/ n. 会员身份 搭配： apply for membership 申请入会；membership fee 会费 拓展： member n. 成员；memorial n. 纪念碑 例句： Annual membership includes access to all fitness classes. 20. overdo /ˌəʊvəˈduː/ vt. 把……做得过火 搭配： don't overdo it 别做过火；overdo the exercise 运动过量 拓展： overdone adj. 煮过头的；过火的 例句： If you overdo your training, you might injure your muscles. 二、重点短语： 1. burn up 烧毁；烧尽 例如：All his book were burned up in the fire. 她所有的书都在这场火灾中被焚。 2.burn down (通常指建筑物被完全)烧毁; 例如：The school building was burned down in that fire. 3.wind up 给（机械）上发条；使（活动、会议等）结束 例如：wind up my watch wind up this passage 4.come across 偶然发现 5.be likely to do sth.可能做某事 拓展：be more likely to do sth.更可能做…. be less likely to do …更少可能做…… 6.oppose to 反对 7.remind sb. of sth.提醒某人某事 8.have a frog in one’s throat (尤因喉咙痛）说话困难 9.be based on… 以…..为基础 10.be aware of 意识到；察觉到 11.have trouble (difficulty)doing sth.做某事困难 12.speak of 谈及 13.look out of 向外看 14.look out for ..当心…… 15.fill in/out 填写 fill in 强调的是填写空白的内容而fill out 强调的是完整的填写 例如：You need to fill in each blank till you fill out the form. 16.go off (闹钟等)响 17.be referred to as… 被称为….. 18.be short for 缩写 19.at sea 茫然；不知所措 20.comment on 对….发表看法 21.fixed meanings 固定的意思 22.come up with 想出/提出（主意/想法等） 23.be made up of 由….组成 24.pick up 捡起；（用车接）某人；学会；染上（坏毛病）；恢复（健康）；收听（节目） 25.neither …nor…既不……也不…… 26.not only …but also …不但……而且….. 27.not…but…不是……而是…… 28.stop sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事 29.broaden one’s knowledge 拓宽知识 30.play safe with 谨慎对待 三、单词变形 1.frequency n. 发生的频率，发生率→frequent adj. 频繁的；时常发生的→frequently adv. 频繁地，经常 2.prefer vt. 更喜欢→preference n. 偏爱，倾向；优先权 3.balanced adj. 均衡的→balance n. & v. 平衡；权衡 4.regularly adv. 经常；定期地→regular adj. 经常的；定期的→irregular adj. 不规则的 5.sharply adv. 严厉地，毫不客气地→sharp adj. 急剧的；锋利的；强烈的→sharpen v. (使)变得锋利 6.energy n. 力量，活力→energetic adj. 精力充沛的→energetically adv. 精力充沛地 7.crowd n. 人群 v. 挤满；塞满；靠近→crowded adj. 拥挤的 8.announcement n. 通告，公告→announce vt. 宣布；通告→announcer n. 宣告者；播音员 9.defence n. 防守队员，后卫→defend vi. & vt. 保护，保卫→defensive adj. 防御的；防守的 10.prohibit vt. 禁止→prohibition n. 禁止 11.occupy vt. 占用，占去(时间)→occupied adj. 忙于……的；有人使用的；已被占用的→occupation n. 职业；占领 12.disappointment n. 失望；扫兴；沮丧→disappoint vt. 使失望→disappointing adj. 令人失望的→disappointed adj. 失望的；沮丧的 13.amazingly adv. 惊人地，了不起地→amazing adj. 令人惊奇的→amazed adj. 大为惊奇的，惊讶的→amazement n. 惊奇，惊愕 14.relieve vt. 减轻，缓解→relief n. 减轻，缓解；宽慰 15.strengthen vi. & vt. (使)强健→strength n. 力气；优势→strong adj. 强壮的→strongly adv. 坚定地；强有力地；强烈地 16.particular n. 尤其，特别 adj. 特定的→particularly adv. 尤其，特别 17.benefit n. 好处，益处→beneficial adj. 有好处的，有益的 18.equipment n. 设备，装备→equip v. 配备 19.achievable adj. 可完成的；做得成的→achieve v. 实现，获得→achievement n. 成就 20.satisfaction n. 满足，满意→satisfy vt. 使满意→satisfying/satisfactory adj. 令人满意的→satisfied adj. 满意的 21.response n. 回答，答复→respond v. 回答，回复 22.flexibility n. 灵活性→flexible adj. 灵活的 23.cyclist n. 骑自行车者，自行车运动员→cycle vi. 骑自行车 24.inspiration n. 激励，鼓舞；给人以灵感的人/物；灵感→inspire vt. 激发；鼓舞；使产生(感觉或情感)→inspired adj. 得到灵感的；能力卓越的→inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的；启发灵感的 25.desire n. 渴望→desired adj. 期望得到的，希望实现的→desirable adj. 令人满意的；值得拥有的 26.annual adj. 一年一度的，每年的→annually adv. 每年，一年一次地  四、短语/词块 第一组　课本重点短语 1.rather than 而不是 2.in good/bad shape 健康状况良好/不佳 3.try out for sth. 参加……选拔 4.crash into 猛撞，猛击 5.gather around 聚集 6.not…anymore 不再…… 7.let sb.down 使失望，辜负(别人的信任或期望) 8.pay off 取得成功；奏效 9.keep up with 跟上，保持同步 10.in case 以防万一 11.sign up 报名 12.ought to 应该，应当 13.cheer up (使)高兴起来，(使)振作起来 14.be fed up with 厌烦的，不满的，无法再忍受的 15.in particular 尤其，特别 16.be capable of 有能力做 17.make sure 确保 18.take advantage of sth. 利用某物 第二组　课文必背词块 1.strengthen your immune system 强化你的免疫系统 2.cheer themselves up 让他们自己振作起来 3.warm up and cool down properly 适当热身和放松 4.make shot after shot 一个接一个进球 5.earn your place on the team 为自己赢得在球队中的位置 6.have a strong desire to play for the team 强烈渴望为球队效力 7.crash into each other 撞到一起 8.give him a shot 给他一个机会 9.see what you are capable of 看看你能做到哪一步 10.be a bit fed up with getting sick 受够了总是生病 四、重点句型 1.表语从句：This/That is why …这/那就是…..的原因 That is why when the starts are out , they are visible ,but when the lights are out ,they are invisible. 2.现在分词短语作伴随状语 人们周日通常去中央公园，在阳光下尽情欢乐。 People usually go to the central park on Sundays, enjoying themselves in the sunshine. 3.“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义 多么有趣的一本小说啊！我从来没有读过这么有趣的小说。 What an interesting novel！I have never read a more interesting one. 4.with复合结构 随着社会的迅速发展，我们很有必要掌握好英语和电脑。 With the society developing rapidly, it's necessary for us to have a good knowledge of English and computer. 5.while连接并列句，表示对比 世界上有些人超重，而有些人在挨饿。 Some people in the world are overweight，while some are going hungry. 6.状语从句的省略 除非被邀请，否则我不会去参加聚会。I won't go to the party unless invited. 课文聚焦 课文研习： Topic Talk & Lesson 1 Ⅰ.明主旨大意 What's the main idea of the text ? A．How Paul trained on the playground. B．How Paul earned his place on the team by practising hard. C．Paul helped us win the match. D．How to cooperate and succeed. 答案：B Ⅱ.知层次结构 答案：1.basketball team　2.practised　3.bench　4.chance 5．paid off　6.place Ⅰ.Read the text carefully and then choose the best answer. 1．Which of the following is TRUE according to Part 1? A．Tyrone Bogues was the shortest player ever in the NBA. B．LeBron James was a huge fan of the NBA. C．Tyrone Bogues' favourite player was Paul. D．Both Paul and the author loved volleyball very much. 2．What made the author give up the game? A．His losing confidence in his teammates. B．His eyes' being badly hurt in the game. C．His knee's being badly hurt in the game. D．His coach's losing confidence in him. 3．What can we learn from the text? A．Paul often played well for the school basketball team. B．Paul was very short, so he was less confident. C．Paul wasn't so tall as his favourite player Tyrone Bogues. D．Paul practised more than other players. 4．Which saying has the similar meaning to Paul's story? A．Time and tide wait for no man. B．Chance favors the prepared mind. C．Laughter is the best medicine. D．A friend in need is a friend indeed. 答案：1－4.ACDB Lesson2 & Lesson 3 Ⅰ.Read the text quickly and fill in the following blanks with suitable words. 答案：1.equipment　2.fit　3.prevent　4.upper　5.flow　6.strengthen　7.reduce　8.warm up Ⅱ.Read the text and then choose the best answer. 1．Why is long­distance running a great sport for beginners? A．Because you do not need any special equipment. B．Because you do not need a gym membership. C．Because you only need a good pair of shoes for it. D．All of the above. 2．Which of the following ways can cheer you up if you're in low spirits? A．By relieving aches. B．By relieving tension. C．By long­distance running. D．By strengthening your immune system. 3．What do you need to do avoid hurting yourself? A．Warm up and cool down before and after running. B．Jog slowly before running. C．Relax your body before running. D．Cheer yourself up before running. 4．Where can the text come from? A．A textbook. B．A website. C．An advertisement. D．A guide book. 答案：1－4.DCAB 学以致用 一、单词拼写 1. The a________ (观众) stood up to clap for the bronze medal winner. 【答案】audience 【详解】句意：观众起立为铜牌得主鼓掌。定冠词 The 后接名词 audience，意为 “观众、听众”。 2. The doctor gave me a t________ (建议) on how to protect my bones during skateboarding. 【答案】tip 【详解】句意：医生给了我一条滑板运动中保护骨骼的建议。不定冠词 a 后用单数名词 tip，表示 “窍门、忠告”。 3. You must follow the g________ (指导方针) when using the new sports training system. 【答案】guidelines 【详解】句意：使用这套新型运动训练系统时，你必须遵守各项指导原则。此处表多条准则，用复数形式 guidelines。 4. Never o________ (超过) your physical limit, or you will hurt your muscle badly. 【答案】overtake 【详解】句意：切勿超越自身身体极限，否则会严重拉伤肌肉。Don’t 后接动词原形 overtake，含义 “超过”。 5. This weekly magazine talks about the p________ (原则) of fair sportsmanship. 【答案】principle 【详解】句意：这本周刊讲解公平体育精神的基本原则。the 后接单数名词 principle，意为 “原则”。 6. You need extra o________ (氧气) when you take part in track training for hours. 【答案】oxygen 【详解】句意：长时间田径训练时，你需要额外摄入氧气。不可数名词 oxygen，直接填写原形。 7. Don’t q________ (停止) your daily warm-up exercise before playing boxing. 【答案】quit 【详解】句意：打拳击前不要省去热身运动。Don’t 后用动词原形 quit，表示 “停止（做某事）”。 8. The r________ (会员身份) allows you to use all courts and gym equipment freely. 【答案】membership 【详解】句意：会员身份可以让你免费使用所有球场与健身器材。不可数名词 membership 作句子主语。 9. A large a________ (数量) of sweat will flow out after long-hour gymnastics. 【答案】amount 【详解】句意：长时间体操训练后会流出大量汗水。固定搭配 a large amount of，填名词 amount。 10. The b________ (替补队员席) is for athletes waiting to be replacements. 【答案】bench 【详解】句意：替补席供等候上场的替补运动员使用。定冠词 The 后接名词 bench，指 “替补队员席”。 二、单句语法填空 1. It is ________ (satisfy) to see the underdog defeat the top champion in the match. 【答案】satisfying 【详解】句意：看到弱队击败头号冠军，实在让人有成就感。修饰事物 it，用 - ing 形容词 satisfying，意为 “令人满意的”。 2. Regular training can bring great ________ (achieve) to every hard-working athlete. 【答案】achievement 【详解】句意：规律训练能让每一位刻苦的运动员取得出色成就。形容词 great 后接名词，动词 achieve 转换为 achievement “成就”。 3. You will feel ________ (disappoint) if you overdo training and miss the competition. 【答案】disappointed 【详解】句意：如果你训练过度错失比赛，会感到十分失落。修饰人主语 you，用 - ed 形容词 disappointed，意为 “失望的”。 4. We should take exercise to ________ (strong) our muscles and bones. 【答案】strengthen 【详解】句意：我们应当锻炼来强健骨骼肌肉。不定式 to 后使用动词，形容词 strong 变动词 strengthen “使强健”。 5. The coach answered my question ________ (respond) about balanced diet training. 【答案】responsively 【详解】句意：教练耐心解答了我关于均衡饮食训练的问题。修饰动词 answered 用副词，名词 response 变形为 responsively。 6. Many cyclists show ________ (flexible) when they take part in long-distance races. 【答案】flexibility 【详解】句意：很多自行车运动员在长跑比赛中展现出身体灵活性。动词 show 后接名词，形容词 flexible 变为 flexibility “灵活性”。 7. This sports centre is well ________ (equip) with bowling and skateboard facilities. 【答案】equipped 【详解】句意：这家运动中心配备完善，设有保龄球与滑板场地。固定搭配 be equipped with，填过去分词 equipped。 8. It’s ________ (amaze) how much oxygen you will burn up during high-intensity training. 【答案】amazing 【详解】句意：高强度训练下人体消耗氧气的量十分惊人。修饰整件事，使用 - ing 形容词 amazing。 9. The ________ (announce) of the weekly track competition excited all young athletes. 【答案】announcement 【详解】句意：每周田径赛事的通告让所有年轻运动员十分兴奋。定冠词 The 后接名词，动词 announce 转换为 announcement “通告”。 10. A balanced diet is ________ (benefit) to the blood flow of your body. 【答案】beneficial 【详解】句意：均衡饮食有益于身体血液循环。固定结构 be beneficial to，名词 benefit 变形为形容词 beneficial。 三、完成句子翻译 1. 我们应当意识到走捷径不利于长期运动健康。 We should ________ ________ that taking ________ is bad for long-term sports health. 【答案】be aware of; shortcuts 【详解】固定短语 be aware of 意识到；shortcut “捷径”，此处表泛指用复数 shortcuts；should 后动词原形。 2. 教练想出了一套预防运动伤病的全新训练指导方针。 The coach ________ ________ a new set of guidelines to ________ sports injuries. 【答案】came up with; prevent 【详解】come up with 想出（办法），动作发生在过去用过去式 came up with；不定式 to 后填 prevent “预防”。 3. 这套健身系统由羽毛球、拳击、体操等多种运动项目构成。 This training system ________ ________ ________ various sports such as badminton and boxing. 【答案】is made up of 【详解】固定短语 be made up of 由…… 组成；主语 system 为单数，be 动词选用 is。 4. 均衡饮食是以良好运动状态为基础的关键因素。 A balanced diet ________ ________ good sports performance. 【答案】is based on 【详解】固定搭配 be based on 以…… 为基础；主语 diet 单数，be 动词用 is。 5. 观众很可能为战胜强队的弱势一方热烈鼓掌。 The audience ________ ________ ________ clap loudly for the underdog that beat the champion. 【答案】are likely to 【详解】固定句型 be likely to do sth. 有可能做某事；audience 此处指全体观众，视为复数，be 动词用 are。 6. 体育精神提醒我们训练不要半途而废，切勿训练过度。 Sportsmanship ________ us ________ not to give up ________ and never overdo training. 【答案】reminds; of; halfway 【详解】remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事；主语 sportsmanship 为单数，谓语用三单 reminds；halfway 副词，意为 “半途地”。 7. 如果你喉咙不适，高强度训练时说话会十分困难。 If your throat feels bad, you will ________ ________ ________ speaking during intense training. 【答案】have trouble 【详解】固定结构 have trouble doing sth. 做某事有困难；will 后接动词原形。 8. 既不要忽视热身运动，也不要一次性过量运动。 ________ ignore warm-up exercises, ________ take too much exercise at one time. 【答案】Neither; nor 【详解】固定连词 neither…nor… 既不…… 也不……，用于句首，首字母均大写。 9. 一年一度的高尔夫赛事能激励所有运动员坚持规律锻炼。 The ________ golf competition can ________ all athletes to keep exercising ________. 【答案】annual; inspire; regularly 【详解】annual 形容词修饰赛事；情态动词 can 后填动词原形 inspire；副词 regularly 修饰 exercising。 10. 这种运动腰带可以促进血液流动，有效缓解肌肉酸痛。 This sports belt helps blood ________ and ________ the pain in your muscles. 【答案】flow; relieve 【详解】固定搭配 help sth. do sth.，填原形 flow “流动”；and 并列动词，填 relieve “缓解”。 四、课文语法填空 Passage A It was the final sprint of the Santa Barbara XV Grand Prix cyclo-cross race in Spain. Fans lined the road to cheer 1. __________ on the competitors. With the finishing line in sight, all the 2. __________(cyclist) began to speed up to cross it. Suddenly Esteban, 3. __________ was in third place, got a puncture. Instead of giving up, he threw his bike over his shoulders 4. __________(continue) the race. Just a few seconds later, fourth-placed Navarro caught up with him. Instead of 5. __________(overtake)Esteban, Navarro slowed down and let Esteban run ahead of him until they reached the finishing line. Esteban won the bronze medal 6. __________ Navarro came fourth. The audience was 7. __________(amaze) at his show of sportsmanship and cheered and clapped for the cyclists. Later, Esteban offered to give his medal to Navarro, but 8. __________(refuse). Navarro responded, “9. __________(offer ) me the prize was worth more than what I did for him.” The two cyclists made 10. __________(amaze)sporting gestures. This was sportsmanship at its very best. 一、答案 1. ____up____; 2.____cyclists____ ; 3. ____who____ ; 4. ____to continue____; 5. ____overtaking____ ; 6. ____while____; 7. ____amazed____p; 8. ____was refused____; 9. ____Offering___; 10. ____amazing____ 二、文章大意 本文讲述了西班牙圣巴巴拉越野自行车大奖赛中感人的体育精神故事。比赛最后冲刺阶段，排名第三的车手埃斯特班车辆爆胎，他没有放弃，扛着自行车坚持完赛。紧随其后的第四名车手纳瓦罗没有趁机超车，反而减速礼让。最终埃斯特班夺得铜牌，纳瓦罗位列第四。埃斯特班想要让出奖牌被纳瓦罗拒绝，两位车手的举动完美诠释了高尚的体育精神。 三、详细解析 1. up ; 考查固定短语。cheer up 为固定搭配，意为“为……加油、鼓舞”，是赛事常用固定词组。 2. cyclists ; 考查名词复数。空前有 all 修饰，后接可数名词复数，cyclist 的复数形式为 cyclists，意为“所有参赛骑手”。 3. who; 考查定语从句。先行词为人名 Esteban，从句缺少主语，非限制性定语从句用关系代词 who 引导。 4. to continue ; 考查非谓语动词。不定式作目的状语，他扛起自行车是为了继续完成比赛，用 to do 表动作目的。 5. overtaking ; 考查非谓语动词。instead of 为介词短语，后接动名词形式，故 overtake 变为 overtaking。 6. while ; 考查连词。while 此处表对比关系，意为“而、与此同时”，对比两位车手的比赛成绩。 7. amazed ; 考查形容词辨析。amazed 用来修饰人，表示“（人）感到惊讶的”；be amazed at 为固定搭配，主语为观众，故用-ed形式形容词。 8. was refused ; 考查被动语态。主语 Esteban 与动作 refuse 为被动关系，即“他被拒绝了”；全文为一般过去时，故用一般过去时的被动语态。 9. Offering ; 考查非谓语动词。动名词作句子主语，表示“赠予我奖牌这件事”，动词原形不能作主语，首字母需大写。 10. amazing ; 考查形容词辨析。amazing 用来修饰事物，表示“令人惊叹的”，此处修饰 sporting gestures（体育风范）。 Passage B Long­distance running has a lot of benefits. 1. __________ particular，it is a great sport for beginners，because you needn't be a membership of a gym and do not need any special 2. __________(equip)．It is a good way 3. __________(know) yourself and understand 4. __________ you are capable of. Running can help you be 5. __________(health) and prevent diseases. It can increase the flow of blood and oxygen to your brain and can also make your heart 6. __________(strong)．It can also strengthen your immune system and reduce the risk of 7. __________(get) health problems. Long running can cheer you 8. __________ and make you 9. __________(relief) from aches or tension because of stress. If you are a beginner for running，it is important to warm up and cool down properly before and after running to avoid 10. __________(hurt) yourself. After a long run，you should not stop immediately. 一、答案 1. ____In____ ; 2. ____equipment____ ; 3. ____to know____; 4. ____what____; 5. ____healthy____ 6. ____stronger____ ; 7. ____getting____; 8.____up____ ; 9. ____relieved____ ; 10. ____hurting____ 二、文章大意 本文主要介绍了长跑的诸多益处以及长跑新手的注意事项。长跑入门门槛低，无需健身房资质和专业设备，能够帮助人们认知自我、发掘自身潜能。同时长跑可以强身健体、促进脑部供血供氧、增强免疫力、缓解身体疼痛和精神压力。文章最后提醒跑步新手，运动前后需规范热身和放松，避免运动受伤。 三、详细解析 1. In   考查固定短语。in particular 为固定搭配，意为“尤其、特别”，首字母需大写。 2. equipment   考查词性转换。形容词 special 后接名词，equip 为动词，名词形式为 equipment，意为“设备”，属于不可数名词，无复数形式。 3.to know   考查非谓语动词。固定搭配 a way to do sth. 表示“做某事的方法”，不定式作后置定语修饰名词 way。 4. what   考查宾语从句引导词。宾语从句中缺少宾语，what 可在从句中作宾语，what you are capable of 意为“你力所能及的事”。 5. healthy   考查词性转换。系动词 be 后接形容词作表语，health 为名词，形容词形式 healthy 意为“健康的”。 6. stronger   考查形容词比较级。语境暗含对比，跑步会让心脏比以往更健康、更强健，故用 strong 的比较级 stronger。 7. getting   考查非谓语动词。介词 of 后接动名词形式，the risk of doing sth. 意为“做某事的风险”。 8. up   考查固定短语。cheer up 为固定搭配，意为“使振作、使开心”。 9. relieved   考查词性转换。固定结构 make sb. + 形容词，此处修饰人，表示“感到放松的、舒缓的”，故用 relieved。 10. hurting   考查非谓语动词。固定用法 avoid doing sth. 意为“避免做某事”，avoid 后接动名词作宾语。 $Unit 2 Sports and Fitness（单词+课文） 目录 重点速记：单元词汇、词组梳理 课文聚焦：课文预习、句型讲解 学以致用：巩固提升，全面突破 重点速记 1、 单元词汇一览 Ⅰ.记清阅读单词 7 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.badminton n. 羽毛球 2.golf n. 高尔夫 3.gymnastics n. 体操 4.bowling n. 保龄球 5.skateboard n. 滑板 vi. 用滑板滑行 6.stair n. 楼梯；梯级 7.net n. (网球等的)球网；网 8.court n. (网球等的)球场 9.underdog n. 处于劣势的人(队)；弱方 10.shot n. 投球，击球；机会 11.bench n. 替补队员席 12.replacement n. 替换的人(物) 13.boxing n. 拳击(运动) 14.bounce vi. & vt. (使)弹起，(使)反弹 15.halfway adv. 半途地 16.system n．系统 17.membership n. 会员身份 18.upper adj. 较上的，上面的 19.oxygen n. 氧 20.guideline n. 指导方针，指导原则 21.click vi. & vt. 点击(鼠标) 22.principle n. 原则，基本的观念 23.shortcut n. 捷径，近路 24.overnight adv. 突然，一下子 25.muscle n. 肌肉 26.bone n. 骨头，骨 27.overdo vt. 把……做得过火 28.overtake vt. 超过 29.sportsmanship n. 体育精神 30.bronze n. 铜 Ⅱ.记牢核心单词 1.athlete n. 运动员 2.track n. 跑道 3.diet n. 日常饮食 4.defeat vt. (在比赛、战争中)战胜，打败 5.company n. 公司；一群人 6.champion n. 冠军，第一名 7.pack n. 绷带，敷布；包，包裹 vi. & vt. 把……包起来 8.extra adj. 额外的，另外的 9.clap vi. & vt. 鼓掌，拍手 10.earn vt. 赢得；博得 11.audience n. 观众；听众 12.remind vt. 使(某人)想起，提醒 13.case n. 状况，场合；事例，实例 14.bite vi. & vt. 咬 15.warm­up n. 热身运动，准备活动 16.quit vi. & vt. 停止(做某事) 17.tip n. 建议，忠告，窍门 18.weekly adj. 一周一次的，每周的 19.awkward adj. 令人尴尬的 20.disease n. 疾病 21.flow vi. 流，流动 n. 流动 22.detail n. 细节 23.amount n. 数量，数额 24.sweat n. 汗水 25.sight n. 视野 26.medal n. 奖牌；勋章 27.gesture n. 姿态；手势；姿势 28.prevent vt. 预防；阻止，阻挡 29.belt n. 腰带，皮带 30.capable adj. 能干的；能力强的 【核心词汇精选精讲】 1. athlete /ˈæθliːt/ n. 运动员 搭配： professional athlete 职业运动员；track and field athlete 田径运动员 拓展： athletic adj. 运动的；健壮的；athletics n. 田径运动 例句： She is a talented athlete who has won several gold medals in international competitions. 2. defeat /dɪˈfiːt/ vt. (在比赛、战争中)战胜，打败 搭配： defeat the opponent 击败对手；admit defeat 承认失败 拓展： defeated adj. 受挫的；defeatism n. 失败主义 例句： The team worked hard to defeat their rivals in the final match. 3. champion /ˈtʃæmpiən/ n. 冠军，第一名 搭配： world champion 世界冠军；defend the champion title 卫冕冠军 拓展： championship n. 锦标赛；冠军称号 例句： After years of training, he finally became the boxing champion of the world. 4. audience /ˈɔːdiəns/ n. 观众；听众 搭配： target audience 目标受众；appeal to the audience 吸引观众 拓展： audible adj. 听得见的；audit v. 审计；旁听 例句： The speaker kept the audience engaged with his humorous stories. 5. remind /rɪˈmaɪnd/ vt. 使(某人)想起，提醒 搭配： remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起某事；remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事 拓展： reminder n. 提醒物；备忘录 例句： Please remind me to call my mother when we get home. 6. prevent /prɪˈvent/ vt. 预防；阻止，阻挡 搭配： prevent sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事；prevent disease 预防疾病 拓展： prevention n. 预防；preventive adj. 预防性的 例句: Regular exercise can help prevent heart disease and other health problems. 7. capable /ˈkeɪpəbl/ adj. 能干的；能力强的 搭配： be capable of doing sth. 有能力做某事；a capable leader 能干的领导 拓展： capability n. 能力；性能；incapable adj. 无能力的 例句： She is capable of handling complex projects under pressure. 8. awkward /ˈɔːkwəd/ adj. 令人尴尬的；笨拙的 搭配： an awkward silence 尴尬的沉默；feel awkward 感到不自在 拓展： awkwardly adv. 笨拙地；尴尬地 例句： He felt awkward when he realized he had forgotten her name. 9. detail /ˈdiːteɪl/ n. 细节 搭配： in detail 详细地；pay attention to details 关注细节 拓展： detailed adj. 详细的；detailing n. 细部处理 例句： The report describes the project plan in great detail. 10. amount /əˈmaʊnt/ n. 数量，数额 搭配： a large amount of 大量的（接不可数名词）；the total amount 总额 拓展： amount to 总计；相当于 例句： A significant amount of money was spent on the new sports facility. 11. sweat /swet/ n. 汗水 vi. 出汗 搭配： break into a sweat 冒汗；no sweat 没问题（口语） 拓展： sweaty adj. 出汗的；湿透的 例句： After running for an hour, he was covered in sweat. 12. medal /ˈmedl/ n. 奖牌；勋章 搭配： win a gold/silver/bronze medal 赢得金/银/铜牌 拓展： medalist n. 奖牌获得者 例句： The athlete proudly displayed his Olympic gold medal. 13. gesture /ˈdʒestʃə(r)/ n. 姿态；手势；姿势 搭配： make a gesture 做手势；a gesture of goodwill 善意的姿态 拓展： gesticulate v. 打手势 例句： He made a rude gesture at the driver, which caused an argument. 14. sportsmanship /ˈspɔːtsmənʃɪp/ n. 体育精神 搭配： show good sportsmanship 展现良好的体育精神 拓展： sportsman n. 运动员；sportsmanlike adj. 有体育精神的 例句： Good sportsmanship is more important than winning the game. 15. underdog /ˌʌndədɒɡ/ n. 处于劣势的人(队)；弱方 搭配： root for the underdog 支持弱者；the ultimate underdog 最终的逆袭者 拓展： 无常见派生词，多为合成词概念 例句： Everyone cheered for the underdog team as they fought back to win. 16. replacement /rɪˈpleɪsmənt/ n. 替换的人(物) 搭配： find a replacement for... 寻找……的替代者；as a replacement 作为替补 拓展： replace v. 替换；replaceable adj. 可替换的 例句： We need to find a suitable replacement for the injured player. 17. principle /ˈprɪnsəpl/ n. 原则，基本的观念 搭配： in principle 原则上；stick to one's principles 坚持原则 拓展： principal adj. 主要的 n. 校长（注意区分 spelling） 例句： Honesty is a fundamental principle in both life and sports. 18. guideline /ˈgaɪdlaɪn/ n. 指导方针，指导原则 搭配： follow the guidelines 遵循指导方针；safety guidelines 安全准则 拓展： guide v. 引导；line n. 线 例句： The school issued new guidelines for using the gymnasium. 19. membership /ˈmembəʃɪp/ n. 会员身份 搭配： apply for membership 申请入会；membership fee 会费 拓展： member n. 成员；memorial n. 纪念碑 例句： Annual membership includes access to all fitness classes. 20. overdo /ˌəʊvəˈduː/ vt. 把……做得过火 搭配： don't overdo it 别做过火；overdo the exercise 运动过量 拓展： overdone adj. 煮过头的；过火的 例句： If you overdo your training, you might injure your muscles. 二、重点短语： 1. burn up 烧毁；烧尽 例如：All his book were burned up in the fire. 她所有的书都在这场火灾中被焚。 2.burn down (通常指建筑物被完全)烧毁; 例如：The school building was burned down in that fire. 3.wind up 给（机械）上发条；使（活动、会议等）结束 例如：wind up my watch wind up this passage 4.come across 偶然发现 5.be likely to do sth.可能做某事 拓展：be more likely to do sth.更可能做…. be less likely to do …更少可能做…… 6.oppose to 反对 7.remind sb. of sth.提醒某人某事 8.have a frog in one’s throat (尤因喉咙痛）说话困难 9.be based on… 以…..为基础 10.be aware of 意识到；察觉到 11.have trouble (difficulty)doing sth.做某事困难 12.speak of 谈及 13.look out of 向外看 14.look out for ..当心…… 15.fill in/out 填写 fill in 强调的是填写空白的内容而fill out 强调的是完整的填写 例如：You need to fill in each blank till you fill out the form. 16.go off (闹钟等)响 17.be referred to as… 被称为….. 18.be short for 缩写 19.at sea 茫然；不知所措 20.comment on 对….发表看法 21.fixed meanings 固定的意思 22.come up with 想出/提出（主意/想法等） 23.be made up of 由….组成 24.pick up 捡起；（用车接）某人；学会；染上（坏毛病）；恢复（健康）；收听（节目） 25.neither …nor…既不……也不…… 26.not only …but also …不但……而且….. 27.not…but…不是……而是…… 28.stop sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事 29.broaden one’s knowledge 拓宽知识 30.play safe with 谨慎对待 三、单词变形 1.frequency n. 发生的频率，发生率→frequent adj. 频繁的；时常发生的→frequently adv. 频繁地，经常 2.prefer vt. 更喜欢→preference n. 偏爱，倾向；优先权 3.balanced adj. 均衡的→balance n. & v. 平衡；权衡 4.regularly adv. 经常；定期地→regular adj. 经常的；定期的→irregular adj. 不规则的 5.sharply adv. 严厉地，毫不客气地→sharp adj. 急剧的；锋利的；强烈的→sharpen v. (使)变得锋利 6.energy n. 力量，活力→energetic adj. 精力充沛的→energetically adv. 精力充沛地 7.crowd n. 人群 v. 挤满；塞满；靠近→crowded adj. 拥挤的 8.announcement n. 通告，公告→announce vt. 宣布；通告→announcer n. 宣告者；播音员 9.defence n. 防守队员，后卫→defend vi. & vt. 保护，保卫→defensive adj. 防御的；防守的 10.prohibit vt. 禁止→prohibition n. 禁止 11.occupy vt. 占用，占去(时间)→occupied adj. 忙于……的；有人使用的；已被占用的→occupation n. 职业；占领 12.disappointment n. 失望；扫兴；沮丧→disappoint vt. 使失望→disappointing adj. 令人失望的→disappointed adj. 失望的；沮丧的 13.amazingly adv. 惊人地，了不起地→amazing adj. 令人惊奇的→amazed adj. 大为惊奇的，惊讶的→amazement n. 惊奇，惊愕 14.relieve vt. 减轻，缓解→relief n. 减轻，缓解；宽慰 15.strengthen vi. & vt. (使)强健→strength n. 力气；优势→strong adj. 强壮的→strongly adv. 坚定地；强有力地；强烈地 16.particular n. 尤其，特别 adj. 特定的→particularly adv. 尤其，特别 17.benefit n. 好处，益处→beneficial adj. 有好处的，有益的 18.equipment n. 设备，装备→equip v. 配备 19.achievable adj. 可完成的；做得成的→achieve v. 实现，获得→achievement n. 成就 20.satisfaction n. 满足，满意→satisfy vt. 使满意→satisfying/satisfactory adj. 令人满意的→satisfied adj. 满意的 21.response n. 回答，答复→respond v. 回答，回复 22.flexibility n. 灵活性→flexible adj. 灵活的 23.cyclist n. 骑自行车者，自行车运动员→cycle vi. 骑自行车 24.inspiration n. 激励，鼓舞；给人以灵感的人/物；灵感→inspire vt. 激发；鼓舞；使产生(感觉或情感)→inspired adj. 得到灵感的；能力卓越的→inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的；启发灵感的 25.desire n. 渴望→desired adj. 期望得到的，希望实现的→desirable adj. 令人满意的；值得拥有的 26.annual adj. 一年一度的，每年的→annually adv. 每年，一年一次地  四、短语/词块 第一组　课本重点短语 1.rather than 而不是 2.in good/bad shape 健康状况良好/不佳 3.try out for sth. 参加……选拔 4.crash into 猛撞，猛击 5.gather around 聚集 6.not…anymore 不再…… 7.let sb.down 使失望，辜负(别人的信任或期望) 8.pay off 取得成功；奏效 9.keep up with 跟上，保持同步 10.in case 以防万一 11.sign up 报名 12.ought to 应该，应当 13.cheer up (使)高兴起来，(使)振作起来 14.be fed up with 厌烦的，不满的，无法再忍受的 15.in particular 尤其，特别 16.be capable of 有能力做 17.make sure 确保 18.take advantage of sth. 利用某物 第二组　课文必背词块 1.strengthen your immune system 强化你的免疫系统 2.cheer themselves up 让他们自己振作起来 3.warm up and cool down properly 适当热身和放松 4.make shot after shot 一个接一个进球 5.earn your place on the team 为自己赢得在球队中的位置 6.have a strong desire to play for the team 强烈渴望为球队效力 7.crash into each other 撞到一起 8.give him a shot 给他一个机会 9.see what you are capable of 看看你能做到哪一步 10.be a bit fed up with getting sick 受够了总是生病 四、重点句型 1.表语从句：This/That is why …这/那就是…..的原因 That is why when the starts are out , they are visible ,but when the lights are out ,they are invisible. 2.现在分词短语作伴随状语 人们周日通常去中央公园，在阳光下尽情欢乐。 People usually go to the central park on Sundays, enjoying themselves in the sunshine. 3.“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义 多么有趣的一本小说啊！我从来没有读过这么有趣的小说。 What an interesting novel！I have never read a more interesting one. 4.with复合结构 随着社会的迅速发展，我们很有必要掌握好英语和电脑。 With the society developing rapidly, it's necessary for us to have a good knowledge of English and computer. 5.while连接并列句，表示对比 世界上有些人超重，而有些人在挨饿。 Some people in the world are overweight，while some are going hungry. 6.状语从句的省略 除非被邀请，否则我不会去参加聚会。I won't go to the party unless invited. 课文聚焦 课文研习： Topic Talk & Lesson 1 Ⅰ.明主旨大意 What's the main idea of the text ? A．How Paul trained on the playground. B．How Paul earned his place on the team by practising hard. C．Paul helped us win the match. D．How to cooperate and succeed. Ⅱ.知层次结构 Ⅰ.Read the text carefully and then choose the best answer. 1．Which of the following is TRUE according to Part 1? A．Tyrone Bogues was the shortest player ever in the NBA. B．LeBron James was a huge fan of the NBA. C．Tyrone Bogues' favourite player was Paul. D．Both Paul and the author loved volleyball very much. 2．What made the author give up the game? A．His losing confidence in his teammates. B．His eyes' being badly hurt in the game. C．His knee's being badly hurt in the game. D．His coach's losing confidence in him. 3．What can we learn from the text? A．Paul often played well for the school basketball team. B．Paul was very short, so he was less confident. C．Paul wasn't so tall as his favourite player Tyrone Bogues. D．Paul practised more than other players. 4．Which saying has the similar meaning to Paul's story? A．Time and tide wait for no man. B．Chance favors the prepared mind. C．Laughter is the best medicine. D．A friend in need is a friend indeed. Lesson2 & Lesson 3 Ⅰ.Read the text quickly and fill in the following blanks with suitable words. Ⅱ.Read the text and then choose the best answer. 1．Why is long­distance running a great sport for beginners? A．Because you do not need any special equipment. B．Because you do not need a gym membership. C．Because you only need a good pair of shoes for it. D．All of the above. 2．Which of the following ways can cheer you up if you're in low spirits? A．By relieving aches. B．By relieving tension. C．By long­distance running. D．By strengthening your immune system. 3．What do you need to do avoid hurting yourself? A．Warm up and cool down before and after running. B．Jog slowly before running. C．Relax your body before running. D．Cheer yourself up before running. 4．Where can the text come from? A．A textbook. B．A website. C．An advertisement. D．A guide book. 学以致用 一、单词拼写 1. The a________ (观众) stood up to clap for the bronze medal winner. 2. The doctor gave me a t________ (建议) on how to protect my bones during skateboarding. 3. You must follow the g________ (指导方针) when using the new sports training system. 4. Never o________ (超过) your physical limit, or you will hurt your muscle badly. 5. This weekly magazine talks about the p________ (原则) of fair sportsmanship. 6. You need extra o________ (氧气) when you take part in track training for hours. 7. Don’t q________ (停止) your daily warm-up exercise before playing boxing. 8. The r________ (会员身份) allows you to use all courts and gym equipment freely. 9. A large a________ (数量) of sweat will flow out after long-hour gymnastics. 10. The b________ (替补队员席) is for athletes waiting to be replacements. 二、单句语法填空 1. It is ________ (satisfy) to see the underdog defeat the top champion in the match. 2. Regular training can bring great ________ (achieve) to every hard-working athlete. 3. You will feel ________ (disappoint) if you overdo training and miss the competition. 4. We should take exercise to ________ (strong) our muscles and bones. 5. The coach answered my question ________ (respond) about balanced diet training. 6. Many cyclists show ________ (flexible) when they take part in long-distance races. 7. This sports centre is well ________ (equip) with bowling and skateboard facilities. 8. It’s ________ (amaze) how much oxygen you will burn up during high-intensity training. 9. The ________ (announce) of the weekly track competition excited all young athletes. 10. A balanced diet is ________ (benefit) to the blood flow of your body. 三、完成句子翻译 1. 我们应当意识到走捷径不利于长期运动健康。 We should ________ ________ that taking ________ is bad for long-term sports health. 2. 教练想出了一套预防运动伤病的全新训练指导方针。 The coach ________ ________ a new set of guidelines to ________ sports injuries. 3. 这套健身系统由羽毛球、拳击、体操等多种运动项目构成。 This training system ________ ________ ________ various sports such as badminton and boxing. 4. 均衡饮食是以良好运动状态为基础的关键因素。 A balanced diet ________ ________ good sports performance. 5. 观众很可能为战胜强队的弱势一方热烈鼓掌。 The audience ________ ________ ________ clap loudly for the underdog that beat the champion. 6. 体育精神提醒我们训练不要半途而废，切勿训练过度。 Sportsmanship ________ us ________ not to give up ________ and never overdo training. 7. 如果你喉咙不适，高强度训练时说话会十分困难。 If your throat feels bad, you will ________ ________ ________ speaking during intense training. 8. 既不要忽视热身运动，也不要一次性过量运动。 ________ ignore warm-up exercises, ________ take too much exercise at one time. 9. 一年一度的高尔夫赛事能激励所有运动员坚持规律锻炼。 The ________ golf competition can ________ all athletes to keep exercising ________. 10. 这种运动腰带可以促进血液流动，有效缓解肌肉酸痛。 This sports belt helps blood ________ and ________ the pain in your muscles. 四、课文语法填空 Passage A It was the final sprint of the Santa Barbara XV Grand Prix cyclo-cross race in Spain. Fans lined the road to cheer 1. __________ on the competitors. With the finishing line in sight, all the 2. __________(cyclist) began to speed up to cross it. Suddenly Esteban, 3. __________ was in third place, got a puncture. Instead of giving up, he threw his bike over his shoulders 4. __________(continue) the race. Just a few seconds later, fourth-placed Navarro caught up with him. Instead of 5. __________(overtake)Esteban, Navarro slowed down and let Esteban run ahead of him until they reached the finishing line. Esteban won the bronze medal 6. __________ Navarro came fourth. The audience was 7. __________(amaze) at his show of sportsmanship and cheered and clapped for the cyclists. Later, Esteban offered to give his medal to Navarro, but 8. __________(refuse). Navarro responded, “9. __________(offer ) me the prize was worth more than what I did for him.” The two cyclists made 10. __________(amaze)sporting gestures. This was sportsmanship at its very best. Passage B Long­distance running has a lot of benefits. 1. __________ particular，it is a great sport for beginners，because you needn't be a membership of a gym and do not need any special 2. __________(equip)．It is a good way 3. __________(know) yourself and understand 4. __________ you are capable of. Running can help you be 5. __________(health) and prevent diseases. It can increase the flow of blood and oxygen to your brain and can also make your heart 6. __________(strong)．It can also strengthen your immune system and reduce the risk of 7. __________(get) health problems. Long running can cheer you 8. __________ and make you 9. __________(relief) from aches or tension because of stress. If you are a beginner for running，it is important to warm up and cool down properly before and after running to avoid 10. __________(hurt) yourself. After a long run，you should not stop immediately. $