Unit 5 Amazing Places 后缀 -y 构词法 & 动词不定式 to do（核心语法精练）英语新教材仁爱科普版八年级上册

**基本信息** 以“概念对比-规律提炼-分层训练”构建后缀-y构词法与动词不定式to do专项体系，通过结构化表格与梯度题型提升语言应用能力和逻辑思维。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |知识回顾|2对比表+规律小结|动词不定式用法分类（作宾语等）及否定/省略规则；后缀-y构词法（含义、拼写变化）|概念（对比表）→规则（规律）→应用准备| |考点夯基|4类题型（填空/单选等，共40题）|语境化语法形式转换；句式转换（同义句改写）|基础应用→变式训练→易错点强化| |综合提升|2语法选择+2短文填空|语篇中语法知识综合运用|单句应用→语篇整合→跨语境迁移|

Unit 5 Amazing Places 核心语法精练 （后缀 -y 构词法 & 动词不定式 to do） 目录 一、知识回顾 1 1. 后缀 -y 构词法（The Suffix -y）结构对比表 1 2. 动词不定式 to do（The Infinitive to do）结构对比表 1 二、考点夯基 2 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 2 二、单项选择。 3 三、完成句子。 4 四、句型转换。 6 三、综合提升 7 一、语法选择 7 二、短文填空 10 动词不定式 to do（The Infinitive to do）结构对比表 用法 说明 肯定形式 否定形式 例句 作宾语 常接在 want, hope, plan, decide, expect, agree, refuse, learn 等动词后 to do not to do I plan to visit Mount Huangshan. She decided not to go there. 作宾语补足语 常接在 advise, warn, tell, ask, encourage, expect, teach 等动词 后，补充说明宾语的动作 ask sb. to dotell sb. to do ask sb. not to do warn sb. not to do The teacher told us to arrive on time.He warned me not to swim here. 作目的状语 表示“为了……”，可置于 句首或句末 to do / in order to do in order not to do To avoid the traffic, we left early. They got up early in order not to miss the bus. 疑问词 + to do what/how/when/where/which + to do，相当于名词短语，作宾语 — — I don't know how to get there. She taught me what to do. 规律小结： 1.动词不定式的否定形式是 not to do（不是 don't to do）。 2.作目的状语时，可与 in order to 互换；否定用 in order not to。 3.在 let, make, have 等使役动词后，不定式作宾补时省略 to：Let me help you. 4.在 see, hear, watch, notice 等感官动词后，不定式作宾补时可省略 to：I saw him cross the road. 5.疑问词 + to do 相当于一个名词短语，在句中作宾语。 形容词后缀 -y 构词法（思维导图） 规律小结： 1. -y 加在名词后构成形容词，表示“充满……的 / 有……特征的”。 2. 注意拼写变化：sun → sunny（双写 n），rain → rainy（直接加 y），shake → shaky（去 e 加 y）。 3. 与后缀 -ful 不同：-y 更多表示“具有……特征的”，-ful 表示“充满……的”。 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. It was a __________ (sun) day yesterday. We decided to visit the West Lake. 【答案】sunny 【解析】sun 加后缀 -y 变为 sunny（双写 n），表示“晴朗的”，修饰名词 day。 2. My parents expect me __________ (get) good grades in the final exam. 【答案】to get 【解析】expect sb. to do sth. 表示“期望某人做某事”，不定式作宾语补足语。 3. The road is __________ (ice) in winter. You must be careful when driving. 【答案】icy 【解析】ice 加后缀 -y 变为 icy（去 e 加 y），表示“结冰的”。 4. We set out early in the morning __________ (avoid) the heavy traffic. 【答案】to avoid 【解析】不定式 to avoid 作目的状语，表示“为了避开拥堵”。 5. The doctor advised my grandpa __________ (not eat) too much salty food. 【答案】not to eat 【解析】advise sb. not to do sth. 表示“建议某人不要做某事”，否定在 to 前加 not。 6. In __________ (rain) weather, it is best to stay indoors and read a book. 【答案】rainy 【解析】rain 加后缀 -y 变为 rainy，表示“下雨的”，修饰名词 weather。 7. Do you know how __________ (solve) this math problem? It looks really difficult. 【答案】to solve 【解析】how to solve 为“疑问词 + 不定式”结构，作 know 的宾语。 8. The air in the countryside is fresh and __________ (health). It is good for your body. 【答案】healthy 【解析】health 加后缀 -y 变为 healthy，表示“健康的”，与 fresh 并列作表语。 9. She practiced hard in order __________ (win) the singing competition. 【答案】to win 【解析】in order to do sth. 表示“为了做某事”，不定式作目的状语。 10. After a long walk, I felt very __________ (sleep) and wanted to go to bed early. 【答案】sleepy 【解析】sleep 加后缀 -y 变为 sleepy，表示“困倦的”，felt 后接形容词作表语。 二、单项选择。 (  ) 1. It is very __________ today. I forgot to bring an umbrella and got wet. A. sun   B. sunny   C. rain   D. rainy 【答案】D 【解析】rainy 由 rain 加后缀 -y 构成，表示“下雨的”，在 is 后作表语。 (  ) 2. My teacher told me __________ the homework before dinner. A. finish   B. to finish   C. finishing   D. not finish 【答案】B 【解析】tell sb. to do sth. 表示“告诉某人做某事”，不定式作宾语补足语。 (  ) 3. The wind is very strong today. It is a __________ day. A. wind   B. windy   C. windly   D. winds 【答案】B 【解析】windy 由 wind 加后缀 -y 构成，表示“有风的”，修饰名词 day。 (  ) 4. __________ get up early, I set two alarms last night. A. In order to   B. In order not to   C. So that   D. Because 【答案】A 【解析】in order to do sth. 表示“为了做某事”，不定式作目的状语，置于句首。 (  ) 5. The old man felt very __________ after taking the medicine. He fell asleep quickly. A. sleep   B. sleepy   C. asleep   D. sleeping 【答案】B 【解析】sleepy 由 sleep 加后缀 -y 构成，表示“困倦的”，felt 后接形容词作表语。 (  ) 6. She does not know __________ to the railway station. Can you show her the way? A. how to get   B. how getting   C. what to get   D. where getting 【答案】A 【解析】how to get 为“疑问词 + 不定式”结构，作 know 的宾语，表示“如何到达”。 (  ) 7. In summer, it is often hot and __________ in this city. The air feels heavy. A. cloud   B. cloudy   C. clouds   D. cloudly 【答案】B 【解析】cloudy 由 cloud 加后缀 -y 构成，表示“多云的/阴天的”，与 hot 并列作表语。 (  ) 8. The parents warned their children __________ near the river. It is dangerous. A. not to play   B. not play   C. to not play   D. do not play 【答案】A 【解析】warn sb. not to do sth. 表示“警告某人不要做某事”，否定在 to 前加 not。 (  ) 9. This soup is too __________. I think you put too much salt in it. A. salt   B. salty   C. salts   D. saltly 【答案】B 【解析】salty 由 salt 加后缀 -y 构成，表示“咸的”，在 is 后作表语。 (  ) 10. We decided __________ our holiday in the countryside to enjoy the clean air. A. spend   B. to spend   C. spending   D. spent 【答案】B 【解析】decide to do sth. 表示“决定做某事”，不定式作宾语。 三、完成句子。 1. 为了在国庆节能参观故宫，我们需要提前在网上预订门票。 __________ __________ __________ visit the Palace Museum during the National Day holiday, we need to book tickets online in advance. 【答案】In order to 【解析】in order to 表示“为了”，后接动词原形，不定式作目的状语，位于句首首字母大写。 2. 黄山位于安徽省的南部。 Mount Huangshan __________ __________ the south of Anhui Province. 【答案】lies in 【解析】lie in 表示“位于”（在某个范围内部），主语为第三人称单数，用 lies in。 3. 这座古塔是由木头建成的。 The ancient tower __________ __________ __________ wood. 【答案】is made of 【解析】be made of 表示“由……制成”（能看出原材料）。 4. 老师鼓励我们努力学习，以便通过考试。 The teacher encouraged us __________ __________ hard in order __________ __________ the exam. 【答案】to study; to pass 【解析】encourage sb. to do sth. 表示“鼓励某人做某事”；in order to do 表示“为了”。 5. 西湖一年四季都很美。 The West Lake is beautiful __________ __________ __________ __________. 【答案】all year round 【解析】all year round 为单元短语，表示“一年四季”。 6. 医生建议我父亲不要吸烟，因为吸烟有害健康。 The doctor advised my father __________ __________ smoke because it is bad for his health. 【答案】not to 【解析】advise sb. not to do sth. 表示“建议某人不要做某事”，否定在 to 前加 not。 7. 我们知道如何更好地利用时间。 We know __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ our time. 【答案】how to make better use of 【解析】how to make better use of 为“疑问词 + 不定式”结构，作 know 的宾语。 8. 在雨天，最好待在室内。 On __________ days, it is best to stay indoors. 【答案】rainy 【解析】rainy 由 rain 加后缀 -y 构成，表示“下雨的”，修饰名词 days。 9. 她不知道如何用英语向外国游客介绍这个地方。 She does not know __________ __________ introduce this place to foreign visitors in English. 【答案】how to 【解析】how to introduce 为“疑问词 + 不定式”结构，作 know 的宾语。 10. 为了保护这个地标，政府已经采取了很多措施。 __________ __________ __________ protect this landmark, the government has taken many measures. 【答案】In order to 【解析】in order to 表示“为了”，置于句首作目的状语，后接动词原形，首字母大写。 四、句型转换。 1. She wants to visit the Great Wall.（对画线部分提问） __________ __________ she __________ to visit? 【答案】What does; want 【解析】对物提问用 what，一般现在时借助 does，动词还原为 want。 2. They decided to go to the beach to spend their holiday.（改为同义句，用 in order to） They decided to go to the beach __________ __________ __________ __________ their holiday. 【答案】in order to spend 【解析】in order to do 表示“为了”，与原句不定式作目的状语同义。 3. The teacher told us to finish the work on time.（改为否定句） The teacher told us __________ __________ __________ the work on time. 【答案】not to finish 【解析】tell sb. not to do sth. 表示“告诉某人不要做”，否定在 to 前加 not。 4. It was a rainy day. We stayed at home.（合并为一句，用 because） We stayed at home __________ it was a __________ day. 【答案】because; rainy 【解析】because 引导原因状语从句，rainy 由 rain + -y 构成。 5. He arrived early so that he could get a good seat.（改为同义句，用 in order to） He arrived early __________ __________ __________ get a good seat. 【答案】in order to 【解析】so that + 从句 = in order to + 动词原形，表示目的。 6. She does not know what she should do next.（改为同义句，用疑问词 + 不定式） She does not know __________ __________ __________ next. 【答案】what to do 【解析】what she should do = what to do，疑问词 + 不定式结构。 7. The weather is snowy today.（改为同义句） It is __________ __________ today. 【答案】snowy weather 【解析】snowy 由 snow + -y 构成，表示“下雪的”，修饰名词 weather。 8. My mother asked me to clean my room.（对画线部分提问） __________ __________ your mother __________ you __________ __________? 【答案】What did; ask; to do 【解析】对动作提问用 what，一般过去时借助 did，动词还原为 ask to do。 9. They set out early so that they would not miss the train.（改为同义句，用 in order not to） They set out early __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ the train. 【答案】in order not to miss 【解析】so that they would not miss = in order not to miss。 10. He is very lucky. He won the first prize.（合并为一句，用 It is + adj. + to do） It is __________ __________ him __________ __________ the first prize. 【答案】lucky for; to win 【解析】It is lucky for sb. to do sth. 表示“对某人来说做某事是幸运的”。 一、语法选择 A 阅读下面短文，从 A、B、C 三个选项中选出一个语法正确的答案。 Last summer holiday, I traveled to Yangshuo with my family. It was an unforgettable trip. Yangshuo lies in the north-east of Guangxi. We decided (1) __________ there by train because my father wanted (2) __________ the beautiful countryside along the way. The weather was hot and (3) __________ at first. But after two days, it became rainy. Everything looked fresh and green. During our stay, we visited the West Street. It is a famous place in Yangshuo. My mother warned me (4) __________ too far away from them. At night, we enjoyed the Liu Sanjie Impression Show. The lights on the river were wonderful. I have never seen anything more beautiful. One morning, we planned (5) __________ the Li River by bike. It was a little foggy that day, and the mountains looked like Chinese paintings. We stopped from time to time (6) __________ photos of the amazing landscape. My father also taught me (7) __________ to use a camera properly. I really hope (8) __________ Yangshuo again someday. I would like to take more photos of this wonderful place. It is not only a place of interest but also a great place (9) __________ my mind. If you want to find a peaceful place to relax, I strongly advise you (10) __________ Yangshuo a try. (  ) 1. A. go   B. to go   C. going (  ) 2. A. enjoy   B. to enjoy   C. enjoying (  ) 3. A. sun   B. sunny   C. rain (  ) 4. A. not go   B. not to go   C. to not go (  ) 5. A. explore   B. to explore   C. exploring (  ) 6. A. take   B. to take   C. taking (  ) 7. A. what   B. how   C. when (  ) 8. A. visit   B. to visit   C. visiting (  ) 9. A. relax   B. to relax   C. relaxing (  ) 10. A. give   B. to give   C. giving 【答案】 1.B 2. B 3. B 4. B 5. B 6. B 7. B 8. B 9. B 10. B 【文章大意】 本文讲述了作者去年暑假和家人去阳朔旅行的经历。他们乘火车前往，欣赏了沿途的乡村风光，游览了西街，观看了《印象·刘三姐》，并骑行游览了漓江。文章表达了对阳朔美景的喜爱和再次前往的愿望。 【解析】 1.B。decide to do sth. 表示“决定做某事”，不定式作宾语。 2.B。want to do sth. 表示“想要做某事”，不定式作宾语。 3.B。sunny 由 sun 加后缀 -y 构成（双写 n），表示“晴朗的”，与 hot 并列作表语。 4.B。warn sb. not to do sth. 表示“警告某人不要做某事”，否定在 to 前加 not。 5.B。plan to do sth. 表示“计划做某事”，不定式作宾语。 6.B。不定式 to take 作目的状语，表示“为了拍照”。 7.B。how to use 为“疑问词 + 不定式”结构，表示“如何使用”。 8.B。hope to do sth. 表示“希望做某事”，不定式作宾语。 9.B。不定式 to relax 作后置定语，修饰 place，表示“放松心灵的好地方”。 10.B。advise sb. to do sth. 表示“建议某人做某事”，不定式作宾语补足语。 B 阅读下面短文，从 A、B、C 三个选项中选出一个语法正确的答案。 Do you know the Leaning Tower of Pisa? It stands in Pisa, Italy, and it is one of the most famous towers in the world. Many tourists come (1) __________ this amazing tower every year. The tower began to lean soon after its construction. Engineers tried (2) __________ the problem, but it was difficult. From 1990 to 2001, they worked hard (3) __________ its base. Now the tower is firm and safe. I visited the tower last year with my parents. My father wanted (4) __________ many photos there. My mother told us (5) __________ careful when we climbed to the top. It was a (6) __________ day, and we could see the beautiful city from the top. The tower is 57 meters high. Visitors can climb 294 steps (7) __________ the top. It is a little (8) __________ to climb, but it's worth it. The view from the top is amazing. Many people take photos in front of the tower. They pretend (9) __________ it from falling. It is really (10) __________ to see them lean to one side just like the tower. (  ) 1. A. see   B. to see   C. seeing (  ) 2. A. fix   B. to fix   C. fixing (  ) 3. A. fix   B. to fix   C. fixing (  ) 4. A. take   B. to take   C. taking (  ) 5. A. be   B. to be   C. being (  ) 6. A. sun   B. sunny   C. suny (  ) 7. A. reach   B. to reach   C. reaching (  ) 8. A. shake   B. shaky   C. shakily (  ) 9. A. stop   B. to stop   C. stopping (  ) 10. A. fun   B. funny   C. funy 【答案】 1. B 2. B 3. B 4. B 5. B 6. B 7. B 8. B 9. B 10. B 【文章大意】 本文介绍了意大利比萨斜塔。这座塔因倾斜而闻名，工程师们曾努力修复其地基使其稳固。作者去年和家人参观了这座塔，登塔欣赏了美景，并看到许多游客假装扶着塔拍照，画面十分有趣。 【解析】 1.B。come to do sth. 表示“来做某事”，动词不定式作目的状语。 2.B。try to do sth. 表示“努力做某事”，不定式作宾语。 3.B。动词不定式作目的状语，表示“为了修复地基”。 4.B。want to do sth. 表示“想要做某事”，不定式作宾语。 5.B。tell sb. to do sth. 表示“告诉某人做某事”，不定式作宾语补足语。 6.B。sun 加后缀 -y 变为 sunny（双写 n），表示“晴朗的”。 7.B。动词不定式作目的状语，表示“为了到达顶部”。 8.B。shake 加后缀 -y 变为 shaky（去 e 加 y），在 be 动词后作表语，表示“摇晃的”。 9.B。pretend to do sth. 表示“假装做某事”，不定式作宾语。 10.B。fun 加后缀 -y 变为 funny（双写 n），在 be 动词后作表语，表示“有趣的”。 二、短文填空 A 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Honghe Hani Rice Terraces in Yunnan are one of the most amazing places in China. With mountains and clouds, this special landscape looks like a beautiful Chinese painting. Every year, thousands of tourists come (1) __________ (enjoy) its beauty. Last October, I traveled there with my parents. The weather was cool and (2) __________ (cloud). The terraces were golden because the rice was ripe. We decided (3) __________ (hire) a local guide to show us around. He told us that the Hani people had lived there for hundreds of years. In ancient times, they developed a watering system (4) __________ (bring) water from the forests to the fields. It was really clever. We walked along the narrow paths between the terraces. The air was fresh and (5) __________ (health). I felt very peaceful. My father, who loves photography, taught me (6) __________ to take good pictures of the landscape. He said the best time was early in the morning when it was a little (7) __________ (fog). In the villages near the terraces, we saw many traditional houses. The first floor was for animals, the second was a living area, and the top floor was for storing rice. We also enjoyed the local food. It was a little (8) __________ (salt) but very delicious. This trip made me understand why people say travel broadens the mind. I hope (9) __________ (go) there again next year. I would advise anyone who loves nature (10) __________ (visit) this wonderful place at least once in their lifetime. 【答案】 1. to enjoy 2. cloudy 3. to hire 4. to bring 5. healthy 6. how 7. foggy 8. salty 9. to go 10. to visit 【文章大意】 本文讲述了作者去年十月与父母游览云南红河哈尼梯田的经历。文章描述了梯田如画的风景、哈尼族的灌溉系统、传统民居以及当地美食，表达了对自然美景的赞叹和再次游览的愿望。 【解析】 1.to enjoy。come to do sth. 表示“来做某事”，动词不定式作目的状语。 2.cloudy。cloud 加后缀 -y 变为 cloudy，表示“多云的”，与 cool 并列作表语。 3.to hire。decide to do sth. 表示“决定做某事”，不定式作宾语。 4.to bring。动词不定式作目的状语，表示“为了把水从森林引入田地”。 5.healthy。health 加后缀 -y 变为 healthy，表示“健康的”，与 fresh 并列描述空气。 6.how。how to take good pictures 为“疑问词 + 不定式”结构，作 taught 的宾语。 7.foggy。fog 加后缀 -y 变为 foggy（双写 g），表示“有雾的”。 8.salty。salt 加后缀 -y 变为 salty，表示“咸的”。 9.to go。hope to do sth. 表示“希望做某事”，不定式作宾语。 10.to visit。advise sb. to do sth. 表示“建议某人做某事”，不定式作宾语补足语。 B 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Palace Museum is in the center of Beijing. It is one of the largest and most famous palaces in the world. I always looked forward to (1) __________ (visit) it. Last National Day holiday, my parents took me (2) __________ (see) it. We got up early (3) __________ (avoid) the heavy traffic. When we arrived, we were surprised by its size. It covers more than 720,000 square meters and has about 9,000 rooms. The buildings are all made of wood. It was a (4) __________ (rain) morning, but the palace looked even more beautiful in the rain. We spent the whole day (5) __________ (explore) the palace. The guide told us many interesting stories about the emperors who lived there. She also warned us (6) __________ (not touch) the ancient walls and artworks. I was very tired but happy that day. My father wanted (7) __________ (take) photos of every building, and my mother expected me (8) __________ (learn) more about Chinese history. In the afternoon, the weather became (9) __________ (sun) again. We took a walk in the royal garden and enjoyed the beautiful flowers. It was a (10) __________ (dream) experience that I will never forget. 【答案】 1.visiting 2. to see 3. to avoid 4. rainy 5. exploring 6. not to touch 7. to take 8. to learn 9. sunny 10. dreamy 【文章大意】 本文讲述了作者游览北京故宫的经历。文章描述了故宫的规模、建筑特色，以及作者在参观过程中的见闻和感受，表达了对故宫这一历史文化瑰宝的赞叹。 【解析】 1.visiting。look forward to doing sth. 为固定搭配，to 为介词，后接动名词。 2.to see。take sb. to do sth. 表示“带某人去做某事”，不定式作宾语补足语。 3.to avoid。动词不定式作目的状语，表示“为了避开拥挤的交通”。 4.rainy。rain 加后缀 -y 变为 rainy，表示“下雨的”，修饰 morning。 5.exploring。spend time doing sth. 为固定搭配，用动名词。 6.not to touch。warn sb. not to do sth. 表示“警告某人不要做某事”，否定在 to 前加 not。 7.to take。want to do sth. 表示“想要做某事”，不定式作宾语。 8.to learn。expect sb. to do sth. 表示“期望某人做某事”，不定式作宾语补足语。 9.sunny。sun 加后缀 -y 变为 sunny（双写 n），表示“晴朗的”。 10.dreamy。dream 加后缀 -y 变为 dreamy，修饰 experience，表示“梦幻般的”。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 Amazing Places 核心语法精练 （后缀 -y 构词法 & 动词不定式 to do） 目录 一、知识回顾 1 1. 后缀 -y 构词法（The Suffix -y）结构对比表 1 2. 动词不定式 to do（The Infinitive to do）结构对比表 1 二、考点夯基 2 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 2 二、单项选择。 3 三、完成句子。 4 四、句型转换。 6 三、综合提升 7 一、语法选择 7 二、短文填空 10 动词不定式 to do（The Infinitive to do）结构对比表 用法 说明 肯定形式 否定形式 例句 作宾语 常接在 want, hope, plan, decide, expect, agree, refuse, learn 等动词后 to do not to do I plan to visit Mount Huangshan. She decided not to go there. 作宾语补足语 常接在 advise, warn, tell, ask, encourage, expect, teach 等动词 后，补充说明宾语的动作 ask sb. to dotell sb. to do ask sb. not to do warn sb. not to do The teacher told us to arrive on time.He warned me not to swim here. 作目的状语 表示“为了……”，可置于 句首或句末 to do / in order to do in order not to do To avoid the traffic, we left early. They got up early in order not to miss the bus. 疑问词 + to do what/how/when/where/which + to do，相当于名词短语，作宾语 — — I don't know how to get there. She taught me what to do. 规律小结： 1.动词不定式的否定形式是 not to do（不是 don't to do）。 2.作目的状语时，可与 in order to 互换；否定用 in order not to。 3.在 let, make, have 等使役动词后，不定式作宾补时省略 to：Let me help you. 4.在 see, hear, watch, notice 等感官动词后，不定式作宾补时可省略 to：I saw him cross the road. 5.疑问词 + to do 相当于一个名词短语，在句中作宾语。 形容词后缀 -y 构词法（思维导图） 规律小结： 1. -y 加在名词后构成形容词，表示“充满……的 / 有……特征的”。 2. 注意拼写变化：sun → sunny（双写 n），rain → rainy（直接加 y），shake → shaky（去 e 加 y）。 3. 与后缀 -ful 不同：-y 更多表示“具有……特征的”，-ful 表示“充满……的”。 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. It was a __________ (sun) day yesterday. We decided to visit the West Lake. 2. My parents expect me __________ (get) good grades in the final exam. 3. The road is __________ (ice) in winter. You must be careful when driving. 4. We set out early in the morning __________ (avoid) the heavy traffic. 5. The doctor advised my grandpa __________ (not eat) too much salty food. 6. In __________ (rain) weather, it is best to stay indoors and read a book. 7. Do you know how __________ (solve) this math problem? It looks really difficult. 8. The air in the countryside is fresh and __________ (health). It is good for your body. 9. She practiced hard in order __________ (win) the singing competition. 10. After a long walk, I felt very __________ (sleep) and wanted to go to bed early. 二、单项选择。 (  ) 1. It is very __________ today. I forgot to bring an umbrella and got wet. A. sun   B. sunny   C. rain   D. rainy (  ) 2. My teacher told me __________ the homework before dinner. A. finish   B. to finish   C. finishing   D. not finish (  ) 3. The wind is very strong today. It is a __________ day. A. wind   B. windy   C. windly   D. winds (  ) 4. __________ get up early, I set two alarms last night. A. In order to   B. In order not to   C. So that   D. Because (  ) 5. The old man felt very __________ after taking the medicine. He fell asleep quickly. A. sleep   B. sleepy   C. asleep   D. sleeping (  ) 6. She does not know __________ to the railway station. Can you show her the way? A. how to get   B. how getting   C. what to get   D. where getting (  ) 7. In summer, it is often hot and __________ in this city. The air feels heavy. A. cloud   B. cloudy   C. clouds   D. cloudly (  ) 8. The parents warned their children __________ near the river. It is dangerous. A. not to play   B. not play   C. to not play   D. do not play (  ) 9. This soup is too __________. I think you put too much salt in it. A. salt   B. salty   C. salts   D. saltly (  ) 10. We decided __________ our holiday in the countryside to enjoy the clean air. A. spend   B. to spend   C. spending   D. spent 三、完成句子。 1. 为了在国庆节能参观故宫，我们需要提前在网上预订门票。 __________ __________ __________ visit the Palace Museum during the National Day holiday, we need to book tickets online in advance. 2. 黄山位于安徽省的南部。 Mount Huangshan __________ __________ the south of Anhui Province. 3. 这座古塔是由木头建成的。 The ancient tower __________ __________ __________ wood. 4. 老师鼓励我们努力学习，以便通过考试。 The teacher encouraged us __________ __________ hard in order __________ __________ the exam. 5. 西湖一年四季都很美。 The West Lake is beautiful __________ __________ __________ __________. 6. 医生建议我父亲不要吸烟，因为吸烟有害健康。 The doctor advised my father __________ __________ smoke because it is bad for his health. 7. 我们知道如何更好地利用时间。 We know __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ our time. 8. 在雨天，最好待在室内。 On __________ days, it is best to stay indoors. 9. 她不知道如何用英语向外国游客介绍这个地方。 She does not know __________ __________ introduce this place to foreign visitors in English. 10. 为了保护这个地标，政府已经采取了很多措施。 __________ __________ __________ protect this landmark, the government has taken many measures. 四、句型转换。 1. She wants to visit the Great Wall.（对画线部分提问） __________ __________ she __________ to visit? 2. They decided to go to the beach to spend their holiday.（改为同义句，用 in order to） They decided to go to the beach __________ __________ __________ __________ their holiday. 3. The teacher told us to finish the work on time.（改为否定句） The teacher told us __________ __________ __________ the work on time. 4. It was a rainy day. We stayed at home.（合并为一句，用 because） We stayed at home __________ it was a __________ day. 5. He arrived early so that he could get a good seat.（改为同义句，用 in order to） He arrived early __________ __________ __________ get a good seat. 6. She does not know what she should do next.（改为同义句，用疑问词 + 不定式） She does not know __________ __________ __________ next. 7. The weather is snowy today.（改为同义句） It is __________ __________ today. 8. My mother asked me to clean my room.（对画线部分提问） __________ __________ your mother __________ you __________ __________? 9. They set out early so that they would not miss the train.（改为同义句，用 in order not to） They set out early __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ the train. 10. He is very lucky. He won the first prize.（合并为一句，用 It is + adj. + to do） It is __________ __________ him __________ __________ the first prize. 一、语法选择 A 阅读下面短文，从 A、B、C 三个选项中选出一个语法正确的答案。 Last summer holiday, I traveled to Yangshuo with my family. It was an unforgettable trip. Yangshuo lies in the north-east of Guangxi. We decided (1) __________ there by train because my father wanted (2) __________ the beautiful countryside along the way. The weather was hot and (3) __________ at first. But after two days, it became rainy. Everything looked fresh and green. During our stay, we visited the West Street. It is a famous place in Yangshuo. My mother warned me (4) __________ too far away from them. At night, we enjoyed the Liu Sanjie Impression Show. The lights on the river were wonderful. I have never seen anything more beautiful. One morning, we planned (5) __________ the Li River by bike. It was a little foggy that day, and the mountains looked like Chinese paintings. We stopped from time to time (6) __________ photos of the amazing landscape. My father also taught me (7) __________ to use a camera properly. I really hope (8) __________ Yangshuo again someday. I would like to take more photos of this wonderful place. It is not only a place of interest but also a great place (9) __________ my mind. If you want to find a peaceful place to relax, I strongly advise you (10) __________ Yangshuo a try. (  ) 1. A. go   B. to go   C. going (  ) 2. A. enjoy   B. to enjoy   C. enjoying (  ) 3. A. sun   B. sunny   C. rain (  ) 4. A. not go   B. not to go   C. to not go (  ) 5. A. explore   B. to explore   C. exploring (  ) 6. A. take   B. to take   C. taking (  ) 7. A. what   B. how   C. when (  ) 8. A. visit   B. to visit   C. visiting (  ) 9. A. relax   B. to relax   C. relaxing (  ) 10. A. give   B. to give   C. giving B 阅读下面短文，从 A、B、C 三个选项中选出一个语法正确的答案。 Do you know the Leaning Tower of Pisa? It stands in Pisa, Italy, and it is one of the most famous towers in the world. Many tourists come (1) __________ this amazing tower every year. The tower began to lean soon after its construction. Engineers tried (2) __________ the problem, but it was difficult. From 1990 to 2001, they worked hard (3) __________ its base. Now the tower is firm and safe. I visited the tower last year with my parents. My father wanted (4) __________ many photos there. My mother told us (5) __________ careful when we climbed to the top. It was a (6) __________ day, and we could see the beautiful city from the top. The tower is 57 meters high. Visitors can climb 294 steps (7) __________ the top. It is a little (8) __________ to climb, but it's worth it. The view from the top is amazing. Many people take photos in front of the tower. They pretend (9) __________ it from falling. It is really (10) __________ to see them lean to one side just like the tower. (  ) 1. A. see   B. to see   C. seeing (  ) 2. A. fix   B. to fix   C. fixing (  ) 3. A. fix   B. to fix   C. fixing (  ) 4. A. take   B. to take   C. taking (  ) 5. A. be   B. to be   C. being (  ) 6. A. sun   B. sunny   C. suny (  ) 7. A. reach   B. to reach   C. reaching (  ) 8. A. shake   B. shaky   C. shakily (  ) 9. A. stop   B. to stop   C. stopping (  ) 10. A. fun   B. funny   C. funy 二、短文填空 A 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Honghe Hani Rice Terraces in Yunnan are one of the most amazing places in China. With mountains and clouds, this special landscape looks like a beautiful Chinese painting. Every year, thousands of tourists come (1) __________ (enjoy) its beauty. Last October, I traveled there with my parents. The weather was cool and (2) __________ (cloud). The terraces were golden because the rice was ripe. We decided (3) __________ (hire) a local guide to show us around. He told us that the Hani people had lived there for hundreds of years. In ancient times, they developed a watering system (4) __________ (bring) water from the forests to the fields. It was really clever. We walked along the narrow paths between the terraces. The air was fresh and (5) __________ (health). I felt very peaceful. My father, who loves photography, taught me (6) __________ to take good pictures of the landscape. He said the best time was early in the morning when it was a little (7) __________ (fog). In the villages near the terraces, we saw many traditional houses. The first floor was for animals, the second was a living area, and the top floor was for storing rice. We also enjoyed the local food. It was a little (8) __________ (salt) but very delicious. This trip made me understand why people say travel broadens the mind. I hope (9) __________ (go) there again next year. I would advise anyone who loves nature (10) __________ (visit) this wonderful place at least once in their lifetime. B 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Palace Museum is in the center of Beijing. It is one of the largest and most famous palaces in the world. I always looked forward to (1) __________ (visit) it. Last National Day holiday, my parents took me (2) __________ (see) it. We got up early (3) __________ (avoid) the heavy traffic. When we arrived, we were surprised by its size. It covers more than 720,000 square meters and has about 9,000 rooms. The buildings are all made of wood. It was a (4) __________ (rain) morning, but the palace looked even more beautiful in the rain. We spent the whole day (5) __________ (explore) the palace. The guide told us many interesting stories about the emperors who lived there. She also warned us (6) __________ (not touch) the ancient walls and artworks. I was very tired but happy that day. My father wanted (7) __________ (take) photos of every building, and my mother expected me (8) __________ (learn) more about Chinese history. In the afternoon, the weather became (9) __________ (sun) again. We took a walk in the royal garden and enjoyed the beautiful flowers. It was a (10) __________ (dream) experience that I will never forget. 1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $