Unit 5语法：动词不定式（to do）讲解+习题 2025-2026学年仁爱科普版英语八年级上册

动词不定式（to do） 讲解+习题 一、动词不定式（to do）的基础概念 动词不定式是非谓语动词的核心形式之一，由to + 动词原形构成，否定式为not to + 动词原形。它无人称和数的变化，不能独立作谓语，在句中可充当宾语、宾语补足语、目的状语等成分。 二、核心用法详解 1. 作宾语 用法说明 跟在表“计划、想要、决定、希望”等心理活动的及物动词后，充当动词的动作对象。 高频接不定式的动词 plan, want, decide, hope, expect, try, agree, wish, intend, would like 结构 · 肯定：主语 + 动词 + to do · 否定：主语 + 动词 + not to do 例句 · She wants to take photos of Mount Huangshan.（她想拍黄山的照片。） · I decide not to go there alone.（我决定不独自去那儿。） 2. 作宾语补足语 用法说明 补充说明宾语的动作，跟在“动词 + 宾语”后，说明“宾语要做的事”。 高频接不定式的动词 expect, warn, ask, tell, allow, help（to可省）, teach, invite 结构 · 肯定：主语 + 动词 + 宾语 + to do · 否定：主语 + 动词 + 宾语 + not to do 例句 · The teacher warns us not to swim in the river.（老师警告我们不要在河里游泳。） · Can you help me (to) carry the bag?（你能帮我拎包吗？） 3. 作目的状语 用法说明 表主句动作的目的，可直接用to do，也可加in order加强语气（in order to do/not to do）。 结构 · 肯定：主语 + 谓语 + ... + to do / in order to do · 否定：主语 + 谓语 + ... + in order not to do 例句 · He went to the beach to spend the holiday.（他去海滩度假。） · They got up early in order not to miss the bus.（他们早起是为了不错过公交车。） 练习题 （一）用所给动词的适当形式填空 1. Lily plans ______ (travel) to Yunnan this summer. 2. My parents want me ______ (learn) English well. 3. He decided ______ (not join) the music club. 4. We hope ______ (see) you at the party tomorrow. 5. The manager expects his workers ______ (finish) the work on time. 6. She tried ______ (cook) dinner for her family. 7. They agreed ______ (go) hiking this weekend. 8. I got up early ______ (catch) the school bus. 9. The police warned the kids ______ (not play) on the road. 10. In order ______ (pass) the test, he studies late every night. （二）单项选择 1. Tom wants ______ a new bike for his birthday. A. buy B. to buy C. buying D. bought 2. Our teacher tells us ______ late for class. A. not to be B. to not be C. don’t be D. not be 3. They plan ______ Mount Emei next month. A. visit B. visiting C. to visit D. visited 4. She went to the library ______ some storybooks. A. borrow B. to borrow C. borrowing D. borrowed 5. The doctor asks him ______ more water every day. A. drink B. to drink C. drinking D. drinks 6. In order ______ healthy, we should exercise often. A. keep B. to keep C. keeping D. kept 7. He hopes ______ his grandparents this weekend. A. to see B. see C. seeing D. saw 8. The teacher warned the students ______ in the classroom. A. not run B. to not run C. not to run D. don’t run 9. Could you help me ______ the window? A. clean B. to clean C. cleaning D. A and B 10. She decided ______ to the cinema because she had too much homework. A. not go B. not to go C. don’t go D. to not go （三）句型转换 1. He wants to play basketball after school.（改为否定句） He wants ______ ______ ______ basketball after school. 2. I expect my brother to come to my birthday party.（改为否定句） I expect my brother ______ ______ ______ to my birthday party. 3. She went to the supermarket. She wanted to buy some milk.（合并为不定式表目的） She went to the supermarket ______ ______ some milk. 4. They study hard. They want to get good grades.（合并为in order to表目的） They study hard ______ ______ ______ good grades. 5. We got up early. We didn’t want to miss the train.（合并为in order not to表目的） We got up early ______ ______ ______ ______ the train. 6. She hopes to visit Paris one day.（对划线部分提问） ______ does she hope ______ ______ one day? 7. The teacher told us to read English every morning.（对划线部分提问） ______ did the teacher tell you ______ ______ every morning? 8. He plans to go to Beijing by plane.（对划线部分提问） ______ does he plan ______ ______ to Beijing? 9. I help my mother to clean the room every weekend.（改为一般疑问句） ______ you ______ your mother ______ ______ the room every weekend? 10. They agree to have a picnic in the park.（改为否定句） They agree ______ ______ ______ a picnic in the park. 习题答案 （一）填空 1. to travel 2. to learn 3. not to join 4. to see 5. to finish 6. to cook 7. to go 8. to catch 9. not to play 10. to pass （二）单选 1. B 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. B 6. B 7. A 8. C 9. D 10. B （三）句型转换 1. not to play 2. not to come 3. to buy 4. in order to get 5. in order not to miss 6. What; to do 7. What; to do 8. How; to go 9. Do; help; to clean 10. not to have 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $