Unit3 Same or Different 暑期预习-重点知识课件 2026-2027学年人教版英语八年级上册

2026-2027学年 人教版八年级上册 Unit 3 Same or Different? 相同还是不同 · 暑期预习学案 词汇 | 短语 | 句型 | 语法 | 语音 | 写作 1 Q 单元概览 Unit Overview · Big Question BIG Question：How do we compare with each other? 我们如何彼此比较？ 1 比较人物事物 compare people and things 2 讨论朋友异同 discuss whether friends are similar 3 谈论过去不同 talk about how you changed 4 发现差异价值 discover why differences matter Section A How are we different from each other? 双胞胎对比 · 比较级+than · 原级 as...as · 语音 Section B How do we understand differences? 论坛帖 · 友谊异同 · 观点写作 · 成长图表 2 O 学习目标 Learning Objectives 比 比较技能 Compare & Contrast 能用比较级+than 和 as...as 比较人物与事物，描述外貌、性格、习惯与能力差异。 词 词汇 60+ words · 4 groups 掌握 60+ 单词：外貌性格形容词及其比较级、比较功能词、动作联系动词、副词连词。 法 语法 Comparatives 掌握形容词/副词比较级的构成，运用 比较级+than 与 原级 as...as 及程度副词修饰。 能 功能 Functions 表达异同(similar/different)、描述友谊、提出并支持个人观点(Opinion–Reason–Example)。 文 文化 Culture 理解“差异让我们更强大”，体会 A good friend is like a mirror 的友谊观与成长意义。 3 V 词汇精讲（一）外貌与性格 Vocabulary · Appearance & Personality English 中文 音标 / 比较级 tall 高的 /tɔːl/ (taller) short 矮的；短的 /ʃɔːt/ (shorter) strong 强壮的 /strɒŋ/ (stronger) outgoing 外向的 /ˌaʊtˈɡəʊɪŋ/ (more) shy 害羞的 /ʃaɪ/ (shyer) quiet 安静的 /ˈkwaɪət/ (quieter) serious 严肃的；认真的 /ˈsɪəriəs/ (more) funny 有趣的；滑稽的 /ˈfʌni/ (funnier) English 中文 音标 / 比较级 lazy 懒惰的 /ˈleɪzi/ (lazier) hard-working 勤奋的 /ˈhɑːdˌwɜːkɪŋ/ (more) boring 无聊的 /ˈbɔːrɪŋ/ (more) slim 苗条的 /slɪm/ (slimmer) similar 相似的 /ˈsɪmələ(r)/ be similar to alike 相像的 /əˈlaɪk/ look alike different 不同的 /ˈdɪfrənt/ be different from confident 自信的 /ˈkɒnfɪdənt/ (more) 例句 Ella is taller than Emma, but Emma has longer hair. 埃拉比埃玛高，但埃玛的头发更长。 4 V 词汇精讲（二）比较与描述功能词 Vocabulary · Compare & Description English 中文 音标 / 搭配 compare 比较；对比 /kəmˈpeə(r)/ difference 差别；不同 /ˈdɪfrəns/ mirror 镜子 /ˈmɪrə(r)/ like a mirror opinion 观点；看法 /əˈpɪnjən/ give opinion humour 幽默 /ˈhjuːmə(r)/ a sense of humour pleasure 愉快；乐事 /ˈpleʒə(r)/ My pleasure! population 人口 /ˌpɒpjuˈleɪʃn/ average 平均的 /ˈævərɪdʒ/ average height English 中文 音标 / 搭配 spare 空闲的 /speə(r)/ spare time kilometre 千米；公里 /ˈkɪləmiːtə(r)/ personality 个性；性格 /ˌpɜːsəˈnæləti/ novel （长篇）小说 /ˈnɒvl/ friendship 友谊 /ˈfrendʃɪp/ twin 双胞胎之一 /twɪn/ twins interest 兴趣；爱好 /ˈɪntrest/ have...in common strength 优势；力量 /streŋθ/ 例句 A good friend is like a mirror. We have similar interests. 好朋友像一面镜子。我们有相似的兴趣。 5 V 词汇精讲（三）动作与联系动词 Vocabulary · Action & Connection Verbs English 中文 音标 / 搭配 perform 表演；执行 /pəˈfɔːm/ perform alone attend 参加；出席 /əˈtend/ win / won 赢；获胜 /wɪn/ /wʌn/ practise 练习 /ˈpræktɪs/ (美 practice) share 分享 /ʃeə(r)/ share...with reach 伸手够到 /riːtʃ/ reach for hand touch 触动；触碰 /tʌtʃ/ touch one's heart care 关心；在意 /keə(r)/ care about change 改变；变化 /tʃeɪndʒ/ respect 尊重；尊敬 /rɪˈspekt/ English 中文 音标 / 搭配 enter 进入 /ˈentə(r)/ grow / grew 成长；变得 /ɡrəʊ/ /ɡruː/ lend / lent 借出 /lend/ /lent/ lend a hand realize 意识到 /ˈriːəlaɪz/ hang out （和…）闲逛 /hæŋ aʊt/ hang out with solve 解决；解答 /sɒlv/ solve the problem congratulation 祝贺；恭喜 /kənɡrætʃuˈleɪʃn/ prize 奖；奖品 /praɪz/ win the prize appear (appearance) 外表；露面 /əˈpɪərəns/ flute 长笛 /fluːt/ play the flute 6 V 词汇精讲（四）副词连词与品质词 Vocabulary · Adverbs & Quality Words English 中文 音标 / 词性 than 比（比较级后） /ðæn/ conj. both 两者都 /bəʊθ/ both...and... together 一起 /təˈɡeðə(r)/ adv. besides 此外；而且 /bɪˈsaɪdz/ adv. especially 尤其；特别 /ɪˈspeʃəli/ adv. however 然而 /haʊˈevə(r)/ adv. though 虽然；尽管 /ðəʊ/ conj. honest 诚实的 /ˈɒnɪst/ an honest friend straightforward 直率的 /ˌstreɪtˈfɔːwəd/ direct 直接的 /dəˈrekt/ give opinion English 中文 音标 / 词性 humorous 幽默的 /hjuːˈmɔːrəs/ adj. pleasant 令人愉快的 /ˈpleznt/ pleasant weather alone 独自；单独 /əˈləʊn/ adv.&adj. similarity 相似之处 /ˌsɪməˈlærəti/ n. fact 事实；现实 /fækt/ in fact character 人物；个性 /ˈkærəktə(r)/ n. situation 情况；状况 /ˌsɪtʃuˈeɪʃn/ n. exchange 交换 /ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒ/ by accident silver lining 一线光明 /ˈsɪlvə ˈlaɪnɪŋ/ Vancouver 温哥华 /ˌvænˈkuːvə(r)/ 小贴士 than 用于比较级后；not as...as 表否定“不如”；though/however 表转折，多用于阅读与写作。 prince / pauper / by accident 出自马克·吐温《王子与贫儿》拓展阅读。 7 L 词汇搭配与用法 Useful Collocations be similar to 与……相似 be different from 与……不同 have...in common 有……共同点 look alike 相像 hang out (with) （和……）闲逛 play badminton 打羽毛球 win the match 赢得比赛 share...with 与……分享…… learn from each other 互相学习 respect each other's differences 尊重彼此的差异 reach for one's hand and touch one's heart 伸手触动某人的心 see the silver lining 看到困境中的一线希望 8 P 重点短语（一）比较与友谊 Key Phrases · Compare & Friendship be similar to 与……相似 look alike 相像 have...in common 有……共同点 be different from 与……不同 taller than 比……高 shorter than 比……矮 stronger than 比……强壮 more outgoing than 比……更外向 work harder than 比……更努力 get up earlier than 比……起得早 dance better than 比……跳得更好 sing louder than 比……唱得更大声 as hard as 和……一样努力 as tall as 和……一样高 as slim as 和……一样苗条 not as...as 不如…… 9 P 重点短语（二）程度副词与活动 Key Phrases · Degree & Activities a little + 比较级 稍微……（一点） much + 比较级 ……得多 even + 比较级 更…… far + 比较级 远…… hang out with friends 和朋友闲逛 play badminton 打羽毛球 win the prize 获奖 attend the festival 参加音乐节 make a great team 组成好团队 learn from each other 互相学习 respect each other's differences 尊重彼此差异 give one's opinion 发表看法 make a mistake 犯错误 by accident 偶然；意外地 thanks to 由于；归功于 see the silver lining 看到一线希望 10 S 核心句型（一）比较级 + than Sentence Patterns · Comparatives 形比 Ella is taller than Emma. 埃拉比埃玛高。 形比 Emma is shorter than Ella. 埃玛比埃拉矮。 形比 Emma has longer hair than Ella. 埃玛的头发比埃拉长。 副比 Ella dances better than Emma. 埃拉跳得比埃玛好。 副比 Emma sings louder than Ella. 埃玛唱得比埃拉大声。 副比 Emma gets up earlier than me. 埃玛起得比我早。 程度 I'm a little shorter than you. 我比你矮一点。 程度 Guangzhou is much larger than Vancouver. 广州人口比温哥华多得多。 副比 It rains more in Guangzhou than in Vancouver. 广州比温哥华雨多。 形比 Vancouver is cooler than Guangzhou in July. 七月温哥华比广州凉。 副比 He plays badminton better than I do. 他羽毛球打得比我好。 副比 She reads more history books than he does. 她读的历史书比他多。 11 S 核心句型（二）原级与友谊主题 Sentence Patterns · As...as & Theme 原级 I work as hard as her. 我和她一样努力。 原级 She is as slim as me. 她和我一样苗条。 原级 He is as serious as me. 他和我一样认真。 否定 Lucy is not as funny as Lily. 露西不如莉莉有趣。 相同 We have similar hobbies and interests. 我们有相似的爱好与兴趣。 主题 A good friend is like a mirror. 好朋友就像一面镜子。 主题 Friends who are different make me better. 和我不同的朋友让我变得更好。 主题 We should respect each other's differences. 我们应尊重彼此的差异。 变化 I'm becoming more outgoing. 我正变得更外向。 主题 A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart. 真正的朋友伸出手触动你的心。 相同 Both Lily and Lucy are true friends. 莉莉和露西都是真正的朋友。 主题 We are always ready to help each other. 我们随时准备互相帮助。 12 A 句型解析 Pattern Analysis · 6 大核心句型 1 比较级 + than A + be/动词 + 比较级 + than + B 两者比较，形/副比较级作表语或修饰动词。 2 原级 as...as as + 形/副原级 + as 表示“和……一样”；否定 not as/so...as 表“不如”。 3 程度副词修饰 a little / much / even / far + 比较级 修饰比较级，表“稍微/……得多/更/远”。 4 异同主题表达 be similar to / be different from 相同：similar / alike / in common；不同：different from。 5 友谊升华句 A good friend is like a mirror. 用比喻与名言升华主题；用 reach/touch 描写真情。 6 观点写作框架 Opinion → Reason → Example OREO 四步：亮观点、说理由、举例子、再升华。 13 G 语法（一）比较级构成 Grammar · Forming Comparatives 比较级用于两者比较。构成分四类，结合本单元词汇记牢。 类别 构成规则 原级 → 比较级 本单元例词 单音节/部分双音节 词尾 + -er tall → taller short, strong, fast, slow, loud 以 -y 结尾 变 y 为 i + -er early → earlier funny→funnier, lazy→lazier, shy→shyer 多音节/部分双音节 前加 more outgoing → more outgoing serious, hard-working, boring, confident 不规则变化 特殊形式 good/well → better bad→worse, many/much→more, little→less 记忆口诀 & 注意 口诀：单音加-er，多音加 more，以 y 结尾 i 来替，不规则单独记。 • better 是 good/well 的比较级，worse 是 bad/badly 的比较级，均不可再加 more。 • more 修饰多音节词；-er 不可与 more 混用（× more taller）。 14 G 语法（二）比较级 + than 句型 Grammar · Comparative + than 结构 A + be / 实义动词 + 比较级 + than + B 句式 例句 说明 be + 比较级 + than Ella is taller than Emma. 形容词比较级作表语 动词 + 比较级 + than Ella dances better than Emma. 副词比较级修饰动词 比较级 + than + 名词所有格 Her hair is shorter than Ella's. than Ella's = than Ella's hair 用法规则 Usage Rules • 比较对象须同类：Her hair is shorter than Ella's. （= than Ella's hair），避免“头发比人”。 • 可用名词所有格或物主代词避免重复（than mine / than his）。 • better / worse 本身已是比较级，不可再加 more（× more better）。 15 G 语法（三）原级比较 as...as Grammar · As...as (Equality) 结构 as + 形容词/副词原级 + as（和……一样） 句式 例句 含义 as + 原级 + as I work as hard as her. 我和她一样努力 as + 原级 + as She is as slim as me. 她和我一样苗条 not as / so...as Lucy is not as funny as Lily. 露西不如莉莉有趣 记忆口诀 & 注意 口诀：than 表“超过”，as...as 表“等同”，两者不能混用。 • as...as 中间必须是“原级”，不可用比较级（错误：as taller as）。 • 否定用 not as / so...as 表“不如”；so...as 多用于否定句。 16 P 语音知识 Pronunciation · /ɜː/ 与 /ə/ /ɜː/ 字母组合 er / ir / ur term first nurse person My first term is perfect. /ɜː/ 字母组合 ear / or(在w后) early learn heard word I learned early this word. /ə/ 非重读 a / e / o / er China happen together number A number happen together. /ə/ 非重读 or / 词尾 doctor moment compare agree The doctor can compare. 17 T 课文回顾（一）Section A 对话 Text Review · The Twins at the Festival 对话 1 · Ella & Emma · 学校音乐节夺冠 Ella and Emma won first prize in the school music festival. Ella is taller than Emma, but Emma has longer hair than Ella. Ella dances better than Emma, but Emma sings louder than her. Emma gets up earlier than Ella, but Ella works as hard as Emma! 对话 2 · Han Lin 采访双胞胎（2a） Han Lin: How is this year's festival different from last year's? Ella: There are more students and more activities. It's more colourful. Emma: I'm a little funnier than Ella. She is shyer than me. Ella: We're different in many ways, but together we make a great team! 重点句型 比较级 + than（taller / better / louder）/ 原级 as hard as / a little + 比较级 18 T 课文回顾（二）论坛帖：友谊异同 Text Review · Forum Posts on Friendship Matt：好朋友就像一面镜子 · Diana：不同的朋友让我更好 Matt: A good friend is like a mirror. Stephen is like me—we both love sports. He plays badminton better than I do, so I try harder and now I'm getting better. We're similar: as serious as me; I read more history, he reads a lot of novels. Diana: Friends who are different make me better. I'm kind of shy, but Yuan Lei is outgoing. She has a great sense of humour. Thanks to her, I am becoming more outgoing. Zhang Yong gives direct opinions; I'm less straightforward, but glad to have an honest friend. What can similarities bring? What can differences bring? What really matters in a friendship? 19 T 课文回顾（三）Rose的帖子与成长 Text Review · Rose's Post & Growth Chart Rose 的观点帖（3a） I don't really care if friends are similar or different. Lily is funnier than anyone; she helps me see the silver lining. Lucy is quieter but listens better; always there to listen. A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart. We are always ready to help each other by lending a hand. Project · 我的成长图表（4a-4d） Physical 身体 Am I taller / stronger than last year? Mental 心理 Am I more confident than last year? Study 学习 Do I study more efficiently than last year? Sports 运动 Do I play sport better than last year? 主题升华 & 文化链接 We are different, but we can be stronger together. （不同，却能让我们更强大。） • A good friend is like a mirror. 体现“以友为镜”的友谊观。 • see the silver lining 在困境中看到希望；lend a hand 随时伸出援手。 • Growth chart 用比较级回顾自己的成长（taller / more confident / better）。 20 W 写作指导 · 观点帖 Writing · An Opinion Post OREO 四步框架 1 亮明观点 Opinion Friends should be similar / different. I think friends should be different. 2 说明理由 Reason 用 because 说原因 because we can learn from each other. 3 举例子 Example 亲身经历支撑 For example, my friend Lucy is outgoing. 4 总结升华 Opinion 回扣友谊名言 A true friend touches your heart. 范文 A Post: Friends Should Be Different I think friends should be different, because we can learn from each other. For example, my friend Lucy is more outgoing than me. When I feel shy, she helps me talk to new people. Thanks to her, I am becoming more confident and more outgoing. My other friend Tom is serious. He studies harder than me, so I try harder too. We are different in many ways, but together we make a great team. A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart. Different friends make me better! 21 W 写作素材积累 Writing Materials · Similarity & Difference 相同点表达 be similar to ... look alike have...in common as...as (原级比较) We both love sports. 不同点表达 be different from ... different in many ways not as...as (不如) A is ...-er than B I'm kind of shy, but she is outgoing. 友谊升华句 A good friend is like a mirror. Friends who are different make me better. A true friend reaches for your hand... We are different, but stronger together. see the silver lining 观点写作词块 I think (that)... because... For example, my friend... When..., ... We can learn from each other. 22 E 练习题型与备考建议 Exercise Types & Study Tips 1. 反义词匹配 将 fast/slow、tall/short 等配对 2. 听力填空 听对话填比较级(taller/better…) 3. 比较级/原级填空 用 than / as...as 补全句子 4. 阅读理解 论坛帖主旨与细节理解 5. 语音辨析 区分 /ɜː/ 与 /ə/ 6. 观点写作 给帖子写回帖(OREO 框架) 7. 项目制作 制作并分享我的成长图表 学习建议 Tips 1 按“外貌/性格/习惯/优势”归类比较词 2 熟记比较级构成口诀 3 区分 than(超过) 与 as...as(等同) 4 仿写观点帖，套用 OREO 框架 23 C 自我检测 Self-Check · 预习效果自查 词汇 Vocabulary 我说得出外貌/性格形容词及比较级 我理解 similar / different / mirror 等词 我认识动作联系动词(share/reach/lend…) 语法 Grammar 我会用 比较级 + than 比较两者 我会用 as...as 原级比较 我能用 a little / much 修饰比较级 句型 Patterns 我会比较人物与事物 我会表达异同(similar/different) 我会用友谊升华句 写作 Writing 我能用 OREO 框架写观点帖 我会举亲身例子支撑 我会用 A true friend… 升华 24 单元总结 Unit Summary · Same or Different? V 词汇 60+ 单词 4 大类 比较与友谊 P 短语 32 核心短语 比较+友谊 固定搭配 S 句型 24 重点句型 比较级+than 原级 as...as G 语法 比较级构成 +than / as...as 程度副词 P 语音 2 个元音 /ɜː/ /ə/ 字母组合 W 写作 OREO 框架 观点帖 成长图表 We are different, but we can be stronger together. 不同，却能让我们更强大。 25 $