Unit 3 单词分层同步练习2026-2027学年人教版英语八年级上册

人教版八年级英语上册 Unit 3 单词分层同步练习 练习说明 本练习围绕单元“人物性格对比与人际交往”主题的核心词汇、短语及高频考点分层设计，分为基础达标、能力提升、拓展培优三个梯度，题型贴合初中单元测、月考主流命题形式，适配课堂检测、课后巩固场景。建议学生按梯度完成，先夯实词汇识记基础，再逐步突破词义辨析与语篇综合运用难点。 📚 第一部分 基础达标篇 建议用时：15分钟｜训练目标：音标辨析、单词拼写、核心短语识记 题型一 辨音题（选出划线部分发音不同的一项） 1. A. compare B. care C. share D. are 2. A. loud B. blouse C. touch D. house 3. A. lazy B. personality C. victory D. fly 4. A. flute B. rule C. June D. luck 5. A. honest B. hour C. humour D. honour 题型二 单词拼写（根据句意及首字母/汉语提示，写出正确的单词形式） 1. If you c______ this picture with that one, you will find many differences. 2. The little girl is too s______ to speak in front of the whole class. 3. He is a h______ boy, and he never tells lies to others. 4. We will a______ the school speech competition next Friday. 5. It is a great ______ (荣幸) to be invited to your birthday party. 6. In my o______, it's not right to laugh at others' mistakes. 7. The twin brothers look alike, but their ______ (性格) are quite different. 8. We should try our best to s______ the problem by ourselves. 9. The ______ (平均的) age of the students in this class is 13. 10. I didn't ______ (预料) to meet my old friend in the street yesterday. 题型三 英汉短语互译 1. 和……有共同之处 ________________ 2. 关心；担心 ________________ 3. 归功于；由于 ________________ 4. 犯错误 ________________ 5. 帮助（某人） ________________ 6. as ... as ... ________________ 7. by accident ________________ 8. reach for ________________ 9. spare time ________________ 10. silver lining ________________ ✒️ 第二部分 能力提升篇 建议用时：20分钟｜训练目标：词义辨析、固定搭配、词形转换、语法运用 题型一 单项选择 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. — What do you think of your new deskmate? — She is very ______. She likes making friends with different people. A. shy B. lazy C. outgoing D. quiet 2. My brother is hard-working, but I am much ______ than him. A. lazy B. lazier C. laziest D. the laziest 3. ______ your help, I finished the work on time successfully. A. Thanks for B. Thanks to C. Because D. As for 4. Don't always compare your children ______ others'. Every kid is special. A. to B. with C. for D. on 5. — Is your sister as ______ as you? — No, she is taller than me. A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest 6. There is ______ "h" in the word "honest", and the "h" doesn't make a sound. A. a B. an C. the D. / 7. I have a lot of hobbies ______ reading novels and playing the flute. A. beside B. besides C. except D. but 8. — Could you ______ me your dictionary? I left mine at home. — Sure, here you are. A. borrow B. lend C. keep D. bring 9. The little boy reached ______ the apple on the tree, but he was too short. A. for B. at C. to D. out 10. We are good friends, and we have a lot ______. A. in common B. in fact C. in silence D. in danger 11. Can you tell me the ______ between the two pictures? A. different B. differences C. similar D. similarities 12. He is a ______ man. He always tells us the truth and never cheats anyone. A. serious B. honest C. humorous D. direct 13. I ______ to visit my grandparents this weekend, but I might change my plan. A. expect B. enjoy C. finish D. mind 14. I met my primary school teacher ______ in the supermarket yesterday. A. by hand B. by accident C. by the way D. by bus 15. Don't worry. I will ______ when you are in trouble. A. lend you a hand B. make a mistake C. have a point D. take a break 题型二 选词填空 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，每词限用一次。 shy、perform、please、differ、honest、friend、humour、serious、expect、compare 1. The ______ of the band was so wonderful that all the people cheered loudly. 2. To our great ______, our team won the first prize in the competition. 3. There are many ______ between American English and British English. 4. We should speak to the old people ______ and politely. 5. His ______ made him very popular among his classmates. He always tells funny jokes. 6. Don't believe him. He is an ______ boy who often tells lies. 7. The ______ between the two girls has lasted for more than ten years. 8. ______ with life in the city, life in the countryside is more relaxing. 9. To our surprise, the result was different from what we ______. 10. She is too shy. Her mother often encourages her to get over her ______. ✏️ 第三部分 拓展培优篇 建议用时：20分钟｜训练目标：句型转换、语篇综合填空、语境词汇运用 题型一 句型转换（根据要求完成下列句子，每空一词） 1. Tom is 13 years old. Jack is 13 years old too.（合并为同义句） Tom is ______ ______ ______ Jack. 2. Lucy is more hard-working than her sister.（改为同义句） Lucy's sister is ______ hard-working ______ Lucy. 3. Thanks to your help, I worked out the problem easily.（改为同义句） ______ ______ your help, I worked out the problem easily. 4. We expect that we will attend the summer camp next month.（改为简单句） We expect ______ ______ the summer camp next month. 5. I met my old friend in the street by accident.（改为同义句） I ______ ______ meet my old friend in the street. 题型二 短文填空 根据短文内容，用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，每词限用一次。 outgoing、shy、compare、difference、friendship、honest、humour、expect、situation、lend My best friend Lisa and I are like two sides of a coin. I used to be a 1.______ girl who was afraid to speak in public. But Lisa is very 2.______ and she has lots of friends. At first, I always 3.______ myself with her and felt upset. I thought there were too many 4.______ between us, and we couldn't be good friends. But later, she changed me a lot. She has a good sense of 5.______ and she always tells me funny stories to make me laugh. She is also 6.______, so I always believe what she says. When I am in difficult 7.______, she always 8.______ me a hand and helps me out. I didn't 9.______ that we could become so close. Now I understand that true 10.______ doesn't need people to be exactly the same. 参考答案与考点解析 📚 第一部分 基础达标篇 题型一 辨音题答案+解析 1. 答案：D 考点：字母组合are的发音辨析 解析：compare、care、share中划线部分均发 /eə/；are中划线are发/ɑː(r)/。 2. 答案：C 考点：字母组合ou的发音辨析 解析：loud、blouse、house中ou均发 /aʊ/；touch中ou发 /ʌ/。 3. 答案：D 考点：字母y的发音辨析 解析：lazy、personality、victory中y均发 /i/；fly中y发 /aɪ/。 4. 答案：D 考点：字母u的发音辨析 解析：flute、rule、June中u均发 /uː/；luck中u发 /ʌ/。 5. 答案：C 考点：字母h的发音辨析 解析：honest、hour、honour中h均不发音；humour中h发 /h/。 题型二 单词拼写答案 1. compare 2. shy 3. honest 4. attend 5. pleasure 6. opinion 7. personalities 8. solve 9. average 10. expect 考点解析：覆盖单元核心动词、形容词、名词，兼顾名词单复数变形，考察语境下的单词拼写能力，为单元测必考基础题型。 题型三 短语互译答案 1. have sth in common 2. care about 3. thanks to 4. make a mistake 5. lend (sb) a hand 6. 像……一样…… 7. 偶然；意外地 8. 伸手触碰 9. 空闲时间 10. 一线光明 考点解析：全部为单元课本核心固定短语，是单选、完形、写作的高频得分点。 ✒️ 第二部分 能力提升篇 题型一 单项选择答案+逐题考点解析 1. 答案：C 考点：形容词词义辨析（人物性格类） 解析：根据后半句“喜欢和不同的人交朋友”，可知性格外向，outgoing符合语境。 2. 答案：B 考点：形容词比较级 解析：than是比较级的标志词，lazy的比较级为lazier。 3. 答案：B 考点：短语辨析 解析：thanks to 意为“多亏、由于”，后接名词；thanks for 意为“因……而感谢”；because后接从句，结合语境选B。 4. 答案：B 考点：固定搭配 compare...with... 解析：compare...with... 是固定结构，意为“把……和……作比较”。 5. 答案：A 考点：as...as... 原级比较结构 解析：as...as... 中间必须加形容词或副词的原级。 6. 答案：B 考点：不定冠词用法 解析：honest以元音音素开头，因此用不定冠词an。 7. 答案：B 考点：介词辨析 解析：besides意为“除……之外（还）”，包含后面的内容；except意为“除了”，不包含后面的内容。句中爱好包含阅读和吹长笛，用besides。 8. 答案：B 考点：动词词义辨析 解析：lend意为“借出”，搭配lend sb sth；borrow意为“借入”，搭配borrow sth from sb。句中是对方借出字典，用lend。 9. 答案：A 考点：固定短语 reach for 解析：reach for 是固定搭配，意为“伸手去拿、伸手触碰”。 10. 答案：A 考点：固定短语 have sth in common 解析：have a lot in common 意为“有很多共同之处”，符合“好朋友”的语境。 11. 答案：B 考点：词性与词义辨析 解析：the后接名词，排除A、C；difference意为“差异”，similarity意为“相似处”，结合语境是问两幅图的差异，选B。 12. 答案：B 考点：形容词词义辨析 解析：根据后半句“总说实话、从不欺骗”，可知是诚实的人，honest符合语境。 13. 答案：A 考点：动词用法辨析 解析：expect后可接不定式to do；enjoy、finish、mind后均接doing形式，故选A。 14. 答案：B 考点：固定短语辨析 解析：by accident 意为“偶然、意外地”，符合“偶遇小学老师”的语境。 15. 答案：A 考点：固定短语辨析 解析：lend sb a hand 意为“帮助某人”，对应后半句“遇到麻烦”的语境。 题型二 选词填空答案 1. performance 2. pleasure 3. differences 4. seriously 5. humour 6. dishonest 7. friendship 8. Compared 9. expected 10. shyness 考点解析：重点考察词形转换（动词变名词、形容词变副词、形容词变反义词、名词派生）和固定搭配（compared with、to one's pleasure），是完形填空核心考点。 ✏️ 第三部分 拓展培优篇 题型一 句型转换答案+考点 1. as old as 考点：as + 形容词原级 + as 同级比较结构，表达两者情况一致。 2. less; than 考点：比较级的反向表达，less + 形容词原级 + than 表示“不如……”，对应单元核心词less的用法。 3. Because of 考点：同义短语转换，thanks to 与 because of 均表示“由于、因为”，后接名词短语。 4. to attend 考点：expect的用法转换，expect + 宾语从句 = expect to do sth，意为“期待做某事”。 5. happened to 考点：同义结构转换，by accident = happen to do sth，均表示“偶然、碰巧做某事”。 题型二 短文填空答案 1. shy 2. outgoing 3. compared 4. differences 5. humour 6. honest 7. situations 8. lends 9. expect 10. friendship 考点解析：综合考察时态（一般过去时、一般现在时三单）、名词单复数、固定搭配，贴合单元“人物对比、友谊”主题，模拟中考完形填空命题逻辑，训练学生在语境中灵活运用词汇的能力。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $