Unit 3 Never give up 暑假预习讲义2026-2027学年译林版英语九年级上册

Unit 3 Never give up --- 暑假预习讲义 01 课前导学 关键词 内容 学习目标 1. 能够正确使用before, after, when, while引导时间状语从句。 2. 能够正确使用since, till, until引导时间状语从句。 3. 能够正确使用as soon as和whenever引导时间状语从句。 4. 能够掌握本单元核心词汇（suffering, courage, contribution, recognize, attitude, achievement, audience等）。 5. 能够讲述关于"永不放弃"的人物故事。 学习重点 1. before, after, when, while在时间状语从句中的用法和区别。 2. since, till, until在时间状语从句中的用法。 3. as soon as和whenever引导时间状语从句的用法。 4. 描述人物克服困难、坚持梦想的表达。 学习难点 1. when和while的区别（while从句谓语必须为延续性动词）。 2. since从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时。 3. till/until与瞬间动词连用时需用否定形式（not...until）。 4. 时间状语从句在句首时与主句的逗号分隔。 02 核心词汇预览 1. suffering n. 痛苦，苦难 2. courage n. 勇气 3. contribution n. 贡献 4. recognize v. 赞赏，公认；认识，辨别出 5. attitude n. 态度 6. achievement n. 成就 7. audience n. 读者，观众，听众 8. highly adv. 很，非常 9. however adv. 不管多么 10. whenever conj. 无论何时 11. despite prep. 尽管，即使 12. universe n. 宇宙 13. scientific adj. 科学的 14. musician n. 音乐家 15. dancer n. 舞蹈演员，跳舞者 16. seed n. 种子；起因 17. household n. 家庭，一户 18. inspiration n. 鼓舞人心的人（或事物）；灵感 19. muscle n. 肌肉 20. shoulder n. 肩膀 21. death n. 死亡 22. coach n. 教练 23. further v. 促进，增进 24. shortly adv. 不久 25. surprisingly adv. 使人惊奇地 26. continued adj. 连续不断的 27. overcome v. 克服，解决 28. rob v. 掠夺 29. diagnose v. 诊断 30. yet conj. 然而，但是 31. stand in one's way 妨碍某人，阻止某人 32. household name 家喻户晓的人物 33. make it (to) 获得成功 03 核心短语预览 1. be diagnosed with 被诊断出患有……（疾病） 2. rob sb of sth 剥夺（某人所需或应得之物） 3. stand in one's way 妨碍某人，阻止某人 4. make it (to) 获得成功 5. give up 放弃 6. get over 克服 7. carry on 继续做，坚持干 8. in the face of 面对 9. stick to one's dream 坚持某人的梦想 10. deal with 处理，应对 11. thanks to 幸亏，由于，因为 12. against the odds 尽管困难重重 13. get back into shape 恢复健康/体型 14. work towards 努力达到，朝着……努力 15. come true 实现 16. think of 想起，想到 17. remind sb of 使某人想起 18. in one's memory 在某人的记忆中 04 重点句型预览 1. My dream, it started very small, a seed inside of me. 我的梦想，它开始时非常微小，是我内心的一颗种子。 2. Dreams are not easy to achieve. The key is to work hard and never give up. 梦想不容易实现。关键在于努力工作和永不放弃。 3. Stephen Hawking, recognized as one of the greatest scientists of his time, was known for his contributions to science as well as how he overcame great suffering in his life. 斯蒂芬·霍金，被公认为他那个时代最伟大的科学家之一，以其对科学的贡献以及他如何克服生活中的巨大苦难而闻名。 4. His story made him a household name and an inspiration to all. 他的故事使他成为家喻户晓的人物，鼓舞了所有人。 5. Sadly, he was diagnosed with a terrible disease shortly after his 21st birthday. 不幸的是，他在21岁生日后不久被诊断出患有一种可怕的疾病。 6. This disease slowly robs people of the ability to move their muscles. 这种疾病逐渐剥夺人们活动肌肉的能力。 7. Hawking was told he only had a few years to live. 霍金被告知他只能活几年。 8. Although I cannot move and I have to speak through a computer, in my mind I am free. 虽然我不能动，必须通过电脑说话，但在我的脑海里我是自由的。 9. Despite his poor health, Hawking's influence on modern science is great. 尽管他身体不好，霍金对现代科学的影响是巨大的。 10. His highly popular book, A Brief History of Time, has been translated into more than 30 languages. 他那本非常受欢迎的书《时间简史》已被翻译成30多种语言。 11. Hawking never let his illness stand in his way. 霍金从未让疾病成为他的障碍。 12. However difficult life may seem, there is always something you can do and succeed at. 无论生活看起来多么艰难，总有你可以做并取得成功的事情。 13. It matters that you don't just give up. 重要的是你不要放弃。 14. When I was a child, my dream was to become an Olympic swimmer. 当我还是个孩子的时候，我的梦想是成为一名奥运游泳选手。 15. While I was training, I hurt my shoulder. 在我训练的时候，我弄伤了肩膀。 16. After I recovered, I trained for four years and finally made it to the Olympics! 在我康复之后，我训练了四年，终于成功参加了奥运会！ 17. Since I learnt about the amazing stories of Stephen Hawking, I have often thought of his example. 自从我了解了斯蒂芬·霍金的惊人故事以来，我经常想起他的榜样。 18. I won't give up till I achieve my goal. 我不会放弃，直到我实现目标。 19. Many of the questions about the universe were too difficult for common people to understand until Hawking wrote his books. 关于宇宙的许多问题对于普通人来说太难理解了，直到霍金写了书。 20. Do not give up until you reach your goal! 在达到目标之前不要放弃！ 21. Whenever I face a challenge, I think about my role model. 每当我面对挑战时，我就会想起我的榜样。 22. His experience gives me hope as soon as it comes to mind. 他的经历一浮现在我的脑海中就给我带来希望。 05 语法精讲与考点梳理 考点1：before, after, when, while引导的时间状语从句 【定义】时间状语从句是指在复合句中充当时间状语的句子。before, after, when, while常用来引导时间状语从句，表示主句动作发生的时间。 【用法分类】 用法一：before —— 在……之前 表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前。 例句：He was sure about my success before the accident happened. 事故发生之前，他对我的成功很有信心。 例句：Please think about it carefully before you give up! 在你放弃之前请仔细考虑！ 用法二：after —— 在……之后 表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后。 例句：After I recovered, I trained for four years. 我康复之后，训练了四年。 例句：After he got over the accident, he decided to become a basketball coach. 在克服了那次事故之后，他决定成为一名篮球教练。 用法三：when —— 当……时候 表示主句的动作发生的特定时间。when引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的，也可以是瞬时性的。 例句：When I was a child, my dream was to become an Olympic swimmer. 当我还是个孩子的时候，我的梦想是成为一名奥运游泳选手。 例句：When my shoulder was better, I had to work hard to get back into shape. 当我的肩膀好转时，我不得不努力恢复状态。 用法四：while —— 当……时候 强调主句的动作和从句的动作是同时发生的。while引导的从句的谓语动词必须是延续性的。 例句：While I was training, I hurt my shoulder. 在我训练的时候，我弄伤了肩膀。 例句：While my uncle was younger, he wanted to be a famous basketball player. 我叔叔年轻的时候，想成为一名著名的篮球运动员。 【要点详解】 when引导的从句谓语可以是延续性动词，也可以是瞬时性动词；while引导的从句谓语必须是延续性动词。 when和while引导的从句中，当主句和从句的主语一致，且从句中有be动词时，从句可以省略主语和be动词，形成"when/while + 动词-ing/介词短语"结构。 例句：While (I am) travelling, I like to buy some souvenirs. 旅行时我喜欢买些纪念品。 当时间状语从句放在句首时，从句与主句之间要用逗号隔开；放在句尾时则不需要。 【练习1】______ my uncle was younger, he wanted to be a famous basketball player. A. Before B. After C. When D. While 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我叔叔年轻的时候，想成为一名著名的篮球运动员。此处表示"在……时候"，用when引导时间状语从句。故选C。 【练习2】He hurt his knees badly ______ he was training hard for a big match. A. before B. after C. when D. while 【答案】D 【详解】句意：他在为一场重要比赛刻苦训练时膝盖严重受伤。train是延续性动词，强调动作同时发生，用while。故选D。 考点2：since, till, until引导的时间状语从句 【定义】since, till, until常用来引导时间状语从句，表示时间上的起点或终点。 【用法分类】 用法一：since —— 自从……以来 （1）since引导的从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时。 （2）表示从过去的某个时间点开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。 例句：Since I learnt about the amazing stories of Stephen Hawking, I have often thought of his example. 自从我了解了斯蒂芬·霍金的惊人故事以来，我经常想起他的榜样。 例句：That has been my dream since I was 10 years old. 那是我从10岁起就有的梦想。 用法二：till / until —— 到……为止 （1）两者意思相同，一般情况下可以互换。 （2）till不如until正式，句首一般不用till，而用until。 （3）若主句谓语是瞬间动词，需用否定形式，构成"not...till/until..."，意为"直到……才……"。 例句：I won't give up till I achieve my goal. 我不会放弃，直到我实现目标。 例句：Do not give up until you reach your goal! 在达到目标之前不要放弃！ 例句：Many questions were too difficult for common people to understand until Hawking wrote his books. 许多问题对于普通人来说太难理解了，直到霍金写了书。 【要点详解】 since从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时。 till/until引导的从句中，若主句用瞬间动词，必须用否定形式。 until可用于句首，till一般不用于句首。 【练习1】That has been my dream ______ I was 10 years old. A. before B. after C. since D. when 【答案】C 【详解】句意：那是我从10岁起就有的梦想。从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时，用since引导。故选C。 【练习2】I won't stop trying ______ I succeed. A. while B. when C. since D. till 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我不会停止尝试，直到我成功。表示"直到……为止"，用till引导。故选D。 考点3：as soon as, whenever引导的时间状语从句 【定义】as soon as和whenever常用来引导时间状语从句，表示"一……就……"和"每当/无论何时"。 【用法分类】 用法一：as soon as —— 一……就…… 表示一个动作发生后，另一个动作立即发生。 例句：His experience gives me hope as soon as it comes to mind. 他的经历一浮现在我的脑海中就给我带来希望。 例句：I can't wait until I get to see you dance in person. 我迫不及待想亲眼看到你跳舞。 用法二：whenever —— 每当；无论何时 表示每次发生某个情况时，主句动作都会发生。 例句：Whenever I face a challenge, I think about my role model. 每当我面对挑战时，我就会想起我的榜样。 例句：Whenever you feel like you want to give up, think of how much you love dancing and carry on. 每当你想要放弃的时候，想想你是多么热爱跳舞，然后继续坚持下去。 【要点详解】 as soon as强调两个动作在时间上的紧密衔接。 whenever强调每次发生某个情况时，主句动作都会发生。 时间状语从句放在句首时，从句与主句之间用逗号隔开；放在句尾时则不需要。 【练习1】His experience gives me hope ______ it comes to mind. A. while B. as soon as C. until D. whenever 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他的经历一浮现在我的脑海中就给我带来希望。表示"一……就……"用as soon as。故选B。 考点4：时间状语从句的位置与标点 【定义】时间状语从句可以放在主句之前或之后，位置不同，标点使用也不同。 【用法对比】 从句在前：从句与主句之间用逗号隔开。 例句：When I was a child, my dream was to become an Olympic swimmer. 例句：After I recovered, I trained for four years. 例句：While I was training, I hurt my shoulder. 从句在后：从句与主句之间不用逗号隔开。 例句：I won't give up till I achieve my goal. 例句：Do not give up until you reach your goal! 例句：His experience gives me hope as soon as it comes to mind. 考点5：让步状语从句 although/though（复习巩固） 【定义】although和though常用来引导让步状语从句，表示"尽管，虽然"。 【用法分类】 用法一：although/though引导让步状语从句 （1）表示"尽管……，但是……"。 （2）although比though更正式，更常用于书面语。 （3）不能与but连用。 例句：Although I cannot move and I have to speak through a computer, in my mind I am free. 虽然我不能动，必须通过电脑说话，但在我的脑海里我是自由的。 例句：Though he didn't have much money, he was still happy. 虽然他钱不多，但他仍然很快乐。 【要点详解】 although/though引导的从句可以放在句首或句中。 汉语说"虽然……但是……"，但英语中although/though不能与but连用。 【练习1】______ he was very tired, he kept working. A. Because B. Although C. So D. But 【答案】B 【详解】句意：虽然他很累，但他继续工作。表示"虽然"用Although。故选B。 06 重点归纳 一、before/after/when/while引导的时间状语从句 （1）before：在……之前（从句动作发生在主句之后）。 （2）after：在……之后（从句动作发生在主句之前）。 （3）when：当……时候（从句谓语可为延续性或瞬时性动词）。 （4）while：当……时候（从句谓语必须为延续性动词）。 二、since/till/until引导的时间状语从句 （1）since：自从……以来（从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时）。 （2）till/until：直到……为止（句首常用until；与瞬间动词连用时用否定形式）。 三、as soon as/whenever引导的时间状语从句 （1）as soon as：一……就……（强调时间上的紧密衔接）。 （2）whenever：每当；无论何时（强调每次发生都如此）。 四、时间状语从句的位置与标点 （1）从句在前：从句 + 逗号 + 主句。 （2）从句在后：主句 + 从句（无逗号）。 五、although/though引导的让步状语从句 （1）表示"虽然……但是……"。 （2）不能与but连用。 07 过关检测 一、单项选择（共10题） 1. ______ I was a child, my dream was to become an Olympic swimmer. A. Before B. After C. When D. While 2. I hurt my shoulder ______ I was training. A. before B. after C. when D. while 3. ______ I recovered, I trained for four years. A. Before B. After C. When D. While 4. I won't give up ______ I achieve my goal. A. while B. when C. since D. till 5. That has been my dream ______ I was 10 years old. A. before B. after C. since D. when 6. His experience gives me hope ______ it comes to mind. A. while B. as soon as C. until D. whenever 7. ______ I face a challenge, I think about my role model. A. Before B. As soon as C. Until D. Whenever 8. Do not give up ______ you reach your goal! A. while B. when C. since D. until 9. ______ he was very tired, he kept working. A. Because B. Although C. So D. But 10. He was diagnosed ______ a terrible disease shortly after his 21st birthday. A. for B. with C. on D. at 二、用所给词的适当形式填空（共6题） 1. After he ______ (get) over the accident, he decided to become a basketball coach. 2. Since I ______ (learn) about the amazing stories of Stephen Hawking, I have often thought of his example. 3. I won't give up till I ______ (achieve) my goal. 4. While my uncle ______ (be) younger, he wanted to be a famous basketball player. 5. He hurt his knees badly while he ______ (train) for a big match. 6. Many questions were too difficult ______ (understand) until Hawking wrote his books. 三、用所给连词将下列句子合并（共4题） 1. My uncle was younger. He wanted to be a famous basketball player.（用when合并） 2. He got over the accident. He decided to become a basketball coach.（用after合并） 3. I achieve my goal. I won't give up.（用till合并） 4. I face a challenge. I think about my role model.（用whenever合并） 四、完成句子（共5题） 1. 当我还是个孩子的时候，我的梦想是成为一名奥运游泳选手。 ______ I ______ a child, my dream was to become an Olympic swimmer. 2. 我不会放弃，直到我实现目标。 I ______ give up ______ I ______ my goal. 3. 从那以后我一直努力练习。 I ______ ______ hard ______ then. 4. 无论生活看起来多么艰难，总有你可以做并取得成功的事情。 ______ difficult life ______ seem, there is always something you can do and ______ at. 5. 重要的是你不要放弃。 It ______ that you ______ just give up. 五、将下列句子翻译成英文（共3题） 1. 他21岁生日后被诊断出患有一种可怕的疾病。 2. 霍金从未让疾病成为他的障碍。 3. 每当我面对挑战时，我就会想起我的榜样。 参考答案 一、单项选择 1. C（when表示"当……时候"） 2. D（train是延续性动词，强调同时发生用while） 3. B（after表示"在……之后"） 4. D（till表示"直到……为止"） 5. C（since从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时） 6. B（as soon as表示"一……就……"） 7. D（whenever表示"每当"） 8. D（until表示"直到……为止"，句首常用until） 9. B（Although表示"虽然"，不能与but连用） 10. B（be diagnosed with为固定搭配，意为"被诊断出患有……"） 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. got（after引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时） 2. learnt/learned（since从句用一般过去时） 3. achieve（主句用一般将来时，till引导的从句用一般现在时表将来） 4. was（while引导的从句，主语为单数，用was） 5. was training（while引导的从句强调动作正在进行，用过去进行时） 6. to understand（too...to...结构，意为"太……而不能……"） 三、用所给连词将下列句子合并 1. When my uncle was younger, he wanted to be a famous basketball player. 2. After he got over the accident, he decided to become a basketball coach. 3. I won't give up till I achieve my goal. 4. Whenever I face a challenge, I think about my role model. 四、完成句子 1. When; was 2. won't; till; achieve 3. have practised; since 4. However; may; succeed 5. matters; don't 五、将下列句子翻译成英文 1. He was diagnosed with a terrible disease after his 21st birthday. 2. Hawking never let his illness stand in his way. 3. Whenever I face a challenge, I think about my role model. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $