Unit 1 Know yourself 暑假预习讲义 2026-2027学年译林版九年级英语上册

Unit 1 Know yourself --- 暑假预习讲义 01 课前导学 关键词 内容 学习目标 1. 能够正确使用连接词和短语（both...and..., not only...but also..., either...or..., neither...nor..., except, as well as）连接句子成分。 2. 能够掌握本单元核心词汇（organized, creative, modest, patient, careless, social, imaginative, confident等）。 3. 能够掌握that引导的宾语从句的用法。 4. 能够用英语描述人物性格并推荐他人担任某职位。 学习重点 1. 连接词和短语的用法及谓语动词的一致性规则。 2. that引导的宾语从句的结构和用法。 3. 描述人物性格的形容词及其运用。 4. 推荐信的写作结构。 学习难点 1. not only...but also..., either...or..., neither...nor...连接主语时的主谓一致原则。 2. as well as与both...and...在谓语动词单复数上的区别。 3. 宾语从句中that的省略规则。 4. 在语境中准确选用恰当的性格形容词。 02 核心词汇预览 1. organized adj. 有条理的 2. creative adj. 有创造力的 3. modest adj. 谦虚的 4. patient adj. 耐心的 5. careless adj. 粗心的 6. social adj. 好交际的；社交的 7. imaginative adj. 富有想象力的 8. confident adj. 自信的 9. outgoing adj. 外向的，友好的 10. active adj. 积极的，活跃的 11. energetic adj. 精力充沛的 12. serious adj. 严肃的，认真的 13. opposite n. 对立的人（或事物） 14. kindness n. 善良 15. encouragement n. 鼓励 16. challenge n. 挑战 17. position n. 职位；位置 18. standard n. 标准 19. manager n. 经理 20. passenger n. 乘客 21. railway n. 铁路；铁路系统 22. improvement n. 改进，改善 23. winner n. 获胜者 24. suit v. 适合 25. matter n. 关乎……的事情；问题 26. mention v. 提到，说到，写到 27. consider v. 仔细考虑 28. cooperate v. 合作 29. succeed v. 成功 30. voice v. 表达 31. explain v. 解释 32. suppose v. 认为，推断；假设 33. remain linking v. 保持不变，仍然是 34. exactly adv. （答语）完全正确；准确地 35. probably adv. 很可能，大概 36. impress v. 使留下深刻的好印象 37. imagination n. 想象力 38. communication n. 交流，沟通 39. personality n. 性格，个性 40. connection n. 关联；联结 03 核心短语预览 1. come up with 想出，找到（答案） 2. take on 承担（责任），决定做 3. decide on 决定，选定 4. let sb down 使失望 5. pay off 成功，奏效 6. point out 指出 7. pass sth on to sb 传给某人 8. keep...in (good) order 保持整齐 9. neither...nor... 既不……也不…… 10. either...or... 要么……要么……，不是……就是…… 11. as a matter of fact 事实上 12. at all times 总是，随时，永远 04 重点句型预览 1. Suzy is very organized. She keeps all her things in good order. 苏茜很有条理。她把所有的东西都收拾得井井有条。 2. Daniel is creative. He often comes up with new ideas. 丹尼尔有创造力。他经常想出新的主意。 3. I'm patient and I don't get angry easily. 我很有耐心，不轻易生气。 4. Neither my parents nor I think I will make a good accountant. 我父母和我都不认为我会成为一名好会计。 5. He's a born artist. He's quiet, but his work shouts. 他是个天生的艺术家。他很安静，但他的作品却极具说服力。 6. I've always enjoyed using my imagination to make great art. 我一直喜欢用我的想象力去创作伟大的艺术。 7. To us, a miss is as good as a mile. Any mistake may cost lives. 对我们来说，失之毫厘，谬以千里。任何错误都可能付出生命的代价。 8. I think nothing is more meaningful than helping the sick and saving lives. 我认为没有什么比帮助病人和拯救生命更有意义了。 9. I want to be an engineer so that I can help build important things like a high-speed railway! 我想成为一名工程师，这样我就可以帮助建造像高铁这样重要的东西了！ 10. It sounds like a job in fashion would suit you. 听起来时尚方面的工作适合你。 11. Both Kitty and Simon are energetic. 凯蒂和西蒙都精力充沛。 12. Not only the students but also their teacher has done the personality survey. 不仅学生，他们的老师也做了性格测试。 13. I think great teachers should be hard-working, kind and patient. 我认为好老师应该勤奋、善良、有耐心。 14. I believe that David is the right choice for president of the Students' Union. 我相信大卫是学生会主席的合适人选。 05 语法精讲与考点梳理 考点1：连接词和短语 【定义】连接词和短语用于连接句子中的两个并列成分（主语、宾语、表语、谓语等），表达并列、选择、递进等逻辑关系。 【用法分类】 用法一：both...and... —— 两者都 （1）连接两个并列成分，表示"两者都"。 （2）连接两个主语时，谓语动词必须用复数形式。 例句：Both Kitty and Simon are energetic. 例句：Both my mum and my dad are hard-working. 用法二：not only...but (also)... —— 不仅……而且…… （1）表示递进关系，强调后者。 （2）连接两个主语时，谓语动词遵循"就近一致"原则。 例句：Not only the students but (also) their teacher has done the personality survey. 例句：Not only David's but also Lisa's personality is suitable for being an artist. 用法三：either...or... —— 要么……要么……，不是……就是…… （1）表示在两者之间做出选择。 （2）连接两个主语时，谓语动词遵循"就近一致"原则。 例句：Either Simon or David is ready to take on new challenges. 例句：You could be either a painter or a fashion designer. 用法四：neither...nor... —— 既不……也不…… （1）表示两者都否定。 （2）连接两个主语时，谓语动词遵循"就近一致"原则。 例句：Neither Millie nor her friends know much about personality types. 例句：Neither my parents nor I think I will make a good accountant. 用法五：except —— 除了……之外 （1）表示从整体中排除某一部分。 （2）except是介词，不影响主句谓语动词的形式。 例句：All my family members except my brother are outgoing. 例句：Lots of people have big dreams, but they are too shy to tell anyone except their closest friends. 用法六：as well as —— 除……之外，也，还 （1）表示"不但……而且……"，重点在前者。 （2）连接两个主语时，谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致（"就前一致"原则）。 例句：Before you decide on a job, it is best to think about your personality as well as your goals. 例句：His parents as well as his sister were invited to the party. 【要点详解】 both...and...连接主语时，谓语动词必须用复数。 not only...but also..., either...or..., neither...nor...连接主语时，谓语动词与最近的主语保持一致（就近原则）。 as well as连接主语时，谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致（就前原则）。 except是介词，不连接主语，不影响谓语动词形式。 【练习1】Both Kitty and Simon ______ energetic. A. is  B. am  C. are  D. be 【答案】C 【详解】句意：凯蒂和西蒙都精力充沛。both...and...连接主语时，谓语动词必须用复数形式。故选C。 【练习2】Not only the students but also their teacher ______ the personality survey. A. have done  B. has done  C. do  D. did 【答案】B 【详解】句意：不仅学生们，他们的老师也做了性格测试。not only...but also...连接主语时，谓语动词与最近的主语their teacher保持一致，用第三人称单数。故选B。 考点2：that引导的宾语从句 【定义】宾语从句是指在复合句中充当宾语的句子。that引导的宾语从句，其从句部分相当于一个陈述句。 【用法分类】 用法一：放在动词之后 常见的动词有：hope, think, believe, know, mean, say, feel等。 例句：She hopes that she can be a teacher when she grows up. 例句：Millie thinks that great teachers should be hard-working, kind and patient. 用法二：放在形容词之后 常见的形容词有：lucky, glad, sure, certain等。 例句：Millie feels lucky that she has good teachers in her school. 例句：She is sure that she needs to work hard to help prepare herself for the future. 【要点详解】 that在宾语从句中没有词义，也不充当任何句子成分。 在非正式英语中，that常常被省略。 例句：I think (that) you're creative. 例句：I hope (that) I am! 【练习1】She hopes ______ she can be a teacher when she grows up. A. if  B. whether  C. that  D. what 【答案】C 【详解】句意：她希望长大后能成为一名教师。此处用that引导宾语从句，that没有词义，也不作句子成分。故选C。 【练习2】I'm glad ______ you can come to my birthday party. A. if  B. whether  C. that  D. what 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我很高兴你能来我的生日聚会。此处用that引导宾语从句，跟在形容词glad之后。故选C。 考点3：现在完成时（复习） 【定义】现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或者表示过去开始一直持续到现在的动作。它强调的是"现在"的状态。 【结构公式】 肯定句：主语 + have/has + 过去分词 + 其他. 否定句：主语 + have/has + not + 过去分词 + 其他. 一般疑问句：Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他？ 【用法分类】 用法一：表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果 例句：I have lost my key.（结果：我现在开不了门） 例句：She has finished her homework.（结果：她现在可以休息了） 用法二：表示过去开始持续到现在的动作或状态 常与for + 时间段 或 since + 时间点连用。 例句：I have lived here for 10 years. 例句：She has studied English since 2018. 用法三：表示过去发生的经历 常与ever, never, before等连用。 例句：Have you ever been to Beijing？ 例句：I have never seen such a beautiful place. 【要点详解】 have用于I/You/We/They，has用于He/She/It。 现在完成时不能与明确的过去时间状语连用（如yesterday, last year, in 2010）。 already用于肯定句，yet用于否定句和疑问句。 【练习1】She ______ already finished her homework. A. have  B. has  C. is  D. was 【答案】B 【详解】句意：她已经完成了她的作业。主语She是第三人称单数，助动词用has。already常用于现在完成时肯定句中。故选B。 【练习2】I ______ (not see) him since last year. 【答案】haven't seen 【详解】句意：自从去年以来我就没见过他了。since last year提示用现在完成时，主语I用haven't + 过去分词seen。故填haven't seen。 考点4：have been to 与 have gone to 的区别 【定义】have been to和have gone to都表示"去了某地"，但含义不同。 【用法对比】 have/has been to + 地点：表示"曾经去过某地"，现在已经回来了。 例句：I have been to Beijing twice.（去过，已回来） 例句：She has been to the library.（去过，已回来） have/has gone to + 地点：表示"已经去了某地"，现在人不在说话地点。 例句：He has gone to Beijing.（去了，现在不在这里） 例句：Tom isn't here. He has gone to the library.（去图书馆了，还没回来） 【练习1】--- Where is your sister？ --- She ______ the supermarket. A. has been to  B. has gone to  C. went to  D. goes to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你妹妹在哪里？——她去超市了。问的是她现在在哪里，说明她去了超市还没回来，用has gone to。故选B。 考点5：名词后缀 -ment 和 -ness 【定义】后缀加在动词或形容词后面构成名词。 【用法分类】 动词 + -ment → 名词（表示动作的结果、状态或过程） improve（改善）→ improvement（改善） encourage（鼓励）→ encouragement（鼓励） develop（发展）→ development（发展） achieve（取得成就）→ achievement（成就） 形容词 + -ness → 名词（表示……的状态/品质） kind（善良的）→ kindness（善良） happy（快乐的）→ happiness（快乐） sad（悲伤的）→ sadness（悲伤） weak（虚弱的）→ weakness（弱点） 【练习1】The community reached an ______ (agree) to make the place better. 【答案】agreement 【详解】句意：社区达成了一项协议，要把这个地方变得更好。agree是动词，加-ment构成名词agreement。故填agreement。 06 重点归纳 一、连接词谓语动词一致性规则 （1）both...and... → 谓语动词用复数。 （2）not only...but also... → 谓语动词与就近主语一致。 （3）either...or... → 谓语动词与就近主语一致。 （4）neither...nor... → 谓语动词与就近主语一致。 （5）except → 不影响谓语动词形式（介词）。 （6）as well as → 谓语动词与前面主语一致（就前原则）。 二、that引导的宾语从句 （1）跟在动词后：I think that he is a good student. （2）跟在形容词后：I am glad that you can come. （3）非正式英语中that可省略。 三、现在完成时 （1）结构：have/has + 过去分词 （2）标志词：already, yet, just, ever, never, recently, since, for, in the past few years （3）have been to（去过已回）vs have gone to（去了未回） 四、名词后缀 （1）-ment：动词→名词（improvement, encouragement, development, achievement） （2）-ness：形容词→名词（kindness, happiness, sadness, weakness） 07 过关检测 一、单项选择（共10题） 1. Both Kitty and Simon ______ energetic. A. is B. am C. are D. be 2. Not only the students but also their teacher ______ the personality survey. A. have done B. has done C. do D. did 3. Either Simon or David ______ ready to take on new challenges. A. is B. are C. am D. be 4. Neither Millie nor her friends ______ much about personality types. A. knows B. know C. is knowing D. has known 5. She hopes ______ she can be a teacher when she grows up. A. if B. whether C. that D. what 6. I'm glad ______ you can come to my birthday party. A. if B. whether C. that D. what 7. She ______ already finished her homework. A. have B. has C. is D. was 8. --- Where is your sister？ --- She ______ the supermarket. A. has been to B. has gone to C. went to D. goes to 9. All my family members ______ my brother are outgoing. A. except B. besides C. as well as D. both 10. His parents as well as his sister ______ invited to the party. A. was B. were C. is D. has 二、用所给词的适当形式填空（共6题） 1. Suzy is very ______ (organize). She keeps all her things in good order. 2. Daniel is ______ (create). He often comes up with new ideas. 3. Thank you for your ______ (kind). I will never forget it. 4. With the ______ (improve) of his skills, he became more confident. 5. I ______ (not see) him since last year. 6. The community reached an ______ (agree) to make the place better. 三、完成句子（共6题） 1. 米莉很有耐心，不轻易生气。 Millie is ______ and doesn't ______ ______ easily. 2. 我认为没有什么比帮助病人和拯救生命更有意义了。 I think ______ is more ______ than ______ the sick and ______ lives. 3. 不仅学生们，他们的老师也做了性格测试。 ______ ______ the students ______ ______ their teacher ______ done the personality survey. 4. 我父母和我都不认为我会成为一名好会计。 ______ my parents ______ I ______ I will make a good accountant. 5. 他经常想出新的主意。 He often ______ ______ ______ new ideas. 6. 你去过北京吗？ ______ you ever ______ to Beijing？ 四、用连接词将下列句子合并（共4题） 1. My mum is hard-working. My dad is hard-working.（用both...and...合并） 2. Simon is active. Simon is good at playing football.（用not only...but also...合并） 3. David is clever. David is organized.（用as well as合并） 4. I don't want to be an engineer. I don't want to be an accountant.（用neither...nor...合并） 参考答案 一、单项选择 1. C（both...and...连接主语，谓语动词用复数） 2. B（not only...but also...遵循就近一致，teacher为三单，用has done） 3. A（either...or...遵循就近一致，David为三单，用is） 4. B（neither...nor...遵循就近一致，friends为复数，用know） 5. C（that引导宾语从句，无词义） 6. C（that引导宾语从句，跟在形容词glad之后） 7. B（主语She为三单，助动词用has） 8. B（"去了未回"用has gone to） 9. A（except意为"除了……之外"） 10. B（as well as连接主语时，谓语与前面主语his parents一致，用were） 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. organized（形容词作表语） 2. creative（形容词作表语） 3. kindness（名词作宾语） 4. improvement（名词作宾语） 5. haven't seen（since last year提示用现在完成时否定） 6. agreement（名词作宾语） 三、完成句子 1. patient; get angry 2. nothing; meaningful; helping; saving 3. Not only; but also; has 4. Neither; nor; think 5. comes up with 6. Have; been 四、用连接词将下列句子合并 1. Both my mum and my dad are hard-working. 2. Simon is not only active but also good at playing football. 3. David is clever as well as organized. 4. I want to be neither an engineer nor an accountant. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $