Unit 1 School Life 语法(过去将来时)讲解 导学案-2026-2027学年沪外版高中英语必修第一册(新高一)新课预习

Unit1 School Life语法讲解与练习 过去将来时态精讲与练习 一、时态核心定义 过去将来时，核心逻辑为站在过去的时间视角，描述过去某个时刻之后即将发生的动作或存在的状态。 该时态极少单独使用，高频用于宾语从句、间接引语中，承接主句过去时态，转述过去的计划、打算、预判或承诺。 He said he would join the school basketball club. （他当时说他要加入学校篮球俱乐部。） 二、四大核心结构（必考） 1. would +动词原形（最通用、最高频） ✅ 用法：表过去的意愿、承诺、客观预判，无严格计划限制，通用所有场景，是考试核心考点。 ✅ 句式： 肯定：主语+ would +动词原形 否定：主语+ would not (wouldn’t) +动词原形 疑问：Would +主语+动词原形？ Our teacher said she would give us a school life survey. （老师说她会给我们布置一份校园生活调查问卷。） I knew I wouldn’t miss the morning reading class. （我知道我不会错过早读课。） 2. was/were going to +动词原形 ✅ 用法：表过去已有计划、打算做某事，或根据过去迹象预判即将发生的事，侧重“提前规划、有依据”。 ✅ 主谓搭配：单数主语用 was，复数主语用 were I was going to take part in the school speech contest. （我当时打算参加校园演讲比赛。） They were going to clean the classroom after school. （他们原定放学后打扫教室。） 3. was/were to +动词原形 ✅ 用法：表过去正式安排、官方预定的计划（校园活动、会议、赛事等），语气正式，不可随意更改。 The headmaster announced that we were to hold a school opening ceremony the next week.（校长宣布我们下周将举行开学典礼。） 4. was/were about to +动词原形 ✅ 用法:表过去即将、马上发生的动作,时间间隔极短,常与 when连用(固定句型)。 ✅ 固定句型:主语+ was/were about to do sth. when...（正要做某事,这时突然……） I was about to enter the classroom when the bell rang. （我正要进教室，铃声突然响了。） 三、关键时间标志词 过去将来时无即时时间状语，需依托过去基准时间判断，高频提示词： *the next day / the next week（次日/下周，立足过去） *soon、immediately（过去视角下的“立刻、马上”） *after that、later（过去之后的时间） *主句为一般过去时（said/thought/knew/announced 等），从句优先考虑过去将来时 四、核心易错点 易错点1：时态混用（一般将来时 vs 过去将来时） 一般将来时：立足现在看未来（I will join the club.） 过去将来时：立足过去看未来（I said I would join the club.） 易错点2：时间状语从句时态替换 在 when/if/after/as soon as 引导的时间、条件状语从句中，即使表过去将来含义，也要用一般过去时代替过去将来时。 ❌错误：He said he would tell me when he would arrive. ✔正确：He said he would tell me when he arrived.（他说他到了就告诉我。） 易错点3：was/were about to 不接时间段 该结构表“即刻发生”，不能与 tomorrow、next week 等时间段连用。 【配套专项练】 大题一：用所给单词的正确形式填空 1. My deskmate told me he ________ (join) the school football team. 2. The teacher promised she ________ (check) our homework carefully the next day. 3. I didn’t know if I ________ (have) time for the after-school club activity. 4. They said they ________ (not take) part in the school singing competition. 5. Lucy was sure she ________ (make) great progress in English. 6. Our headteacher announced that we ________ (hold) a class party the next week. 7. Tom told me he ________ (study) harder to improve his school grades. 8. We ________ (clean) the school garden after school, according to our group plan. 9. I ________ (be) about to open my textbook when the teacher came in. 10. He said the school sports meeting ________ (start) on the following Monday. 11. All students believed they ________ (enjoy) the new school life. 12. My friend told me he ________ (not miss) the morning reading next day. 13. The monitor said we ________ (discuss) the school rules in the afternoon class. 14. I planned that I ________ (take) more notes during every lesson. 15. They were about ________ (leave) the classroom when the bell rang again. 16. The teacher told us that we ________ (learn) new school-related texts soon. 17. Nobody knew what we ________ (do) for the school volunteer work. 18. She said she ________ (share) her study experience with classmates. 19. We ________ (not have) evening classes on weekends, the teacher told us. 20. Mike hoped he ________ (get) along well with new schoolmates. 21. The school said it ________ (build) a new reading room for students. 22. I was sure our class ________ (win) the school debate competition. 23. They told me they ________ (practice) sports after school every day. 24. He didn’t think he ________ (finish) his school task on time. 25. Our group ________ (prepare) a show for the school art festival. 26. The teacher was about ________ (ask) us a question when the bell rang. 27. She said the new term ________ (bring) us more interesting school activities. 28. We all knew we ________ (need) to follow the new school rules. 29. My partner told me he ________ (help) me with my school subjects. 30. The school announced that it ________ (organize) a study trip next month. 大题二:阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Last week, our class teacher announced that we 1. ________ (take) part in a school writing competition soon and we 2. ________ (hand) in our articles before Friday. As scheduled, we 3. ________ (complete) the creative task independently, which was a fixed rule of the school. At that moment, I was a little nervous. I knew I 4. ________ (face) great pressure if I failed. I 5. ________ (look) through relevant materials to enrich my science fiction story, for I was determined to finish it perfectly. My deskmate told me she 6. ________ (give) me some useful tips and we 7. ________ (focus) on our writing together after class. We both believed that we 8. ________ (not ignore) any small details in our articles. The head teacher added that the school 9. ________ (open) new learning facilities for us and all students 10. ________ (gain) valuable experience from this meaningful activity. 大题三：汉译英句子翻译 1. 他告诉我他新学期会认真对待校园生活。 ______________________________________________ 2. 我当时打算放学后去参观学校图书馆。 ______________________________________________ 3. 老师说我们下周将举行一场英语校园演讲比赛。 ______________________________________________ 4. 我正要请教老师问题，上课铃就响了。 ______________________________________________ 5. 他们相信自己会很快适应新的高中校园生活。 ______________________________________________ 6. 班长承诺第二天会整理好班级的校园活动清单。 ______________________________________________ 7. 我当时不知道学校会提供这么多课外活动。 ______________________________________________ 8. 她打算利用课余时间提升自己的各科成绩。 ______________________________________________ 9. 校长宣布我们下月将参加市级校园文艺比赛。 ______________________________________________ 10. 我以为我不会错过校园志愿者活动。 ______________________________________________ Keys 一、用所给单词的正确形式填空 1. would join / was going to join 2. would check 3. would have 4. wouldn’t take 5. would make 6. were to hold 7. would study / was going to study 8. were going to clean 9. was 10. would start / was to start 11. would enjoy 12. wouldn’t miss 13. would discuss / were going to discuss 14. was going to take / would take 15. to leave 16. would learn 17. would do 18. would share / was going to share 19. wouldn’t have 20. would get 21. would build / was going to build 22. would win 23. would practice / were going to practice 24. would finish 25. would prepare / were going to prepare 26. to ask 27. would bring 28. would need 29. would help / was going to help 30. was to organize 二、语法填空 1.would take 2.were to hand 3.were to complete 4.would face 5.was going to look 6.would give 7.were going to focus 8.wouldn’t ignore 9.was going to open 10.would gain 三、汉译英句子翻译 1. He told me that he would take his school life seriously in the new term. 2. I was going to visit the school library after school at that time. 3. The teacher said that we would hold an English school speech contest the next week. 4. I was about to ask the teacher a question when the class bell rang. 5. They believed that they would adapt to the new senior high school life soon. 6. The monitor promised that he would sort out the class school activity list the next day. 7. I didn’t know that the school would provide so many after-school activities. 8. She was going to improve her school subjects in her spare time. 9. The headmaster announced that we would take part in the city-level school art competition the next month. 10. I thought I wouldn’t miss the school volunteer activities. 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $