Unit 1 Great People（知识清单）英语新教材沪教版九年级上册

该初中英语单元知识清单系统整合了“伟人”主题的语言要素，涵盖人物职业身份、科研学术、品质态度等分类词汇，动词短语与介词短语，实用交际句型，形容词+that从句语法及人物介绍写作模块，为学生构建了从基础词汇积累到综合语言运用的递进式学习支架。 清单通过“分类词汇+句型应用+语法解析+写作实践”的四维体系呈现知识，将核心词汇如outstanding标注为必考五星重点，结合“助记口诀”（如believe/belief的“动词相信带e尾，名词信念去e记”）强化记忆，培养学生的语言能力和学习能力。设计“易错点对点训练”和“写作素材库”，如人物介绍写作提供“From a young age, he/she showed a strong talent for...”等模板句，帮助学生高效掌握要点，教师可利用分级练习和语法精讲设计分层教学，提升课堂实效。

Unit 1 Great People 主 题 场 景 分 类 词 汇 一、人物职业身份： 1. outstanding (杰出的，优秀的) She is an outstanding young scientific researcher .（他是一位杰出的青年科研学者。） 2. composers (作曲家) The composer created many classical music masterpieces was .（这位作曲家创作了许多经典古典乐曲。） 3. astronomer (天文学家) The astronomer devoted all his life to the study of stars .（这位天文学家毕生致力于星空研究。） 4. poet (诗人) The poet wrote countless poems praising mountains and rivers .（这位诗人写下无数赞美山河的诗篇。） 二、科研学术相关： 1. old-fashioned (老式的，传统的，过时的) This ancient book is old-fashioned and hard to understand.（这本古籍文字晦涩老旧，难以读懂。） 2. lamp (灯) A lonely lamp accompanied him to study all night.（一盏孤灯陪伴他彻夜研学。） 三、品质态度相关： 1. ordinary (普通的，平凡的) Ordinary persistence will eventually achieve an extraordinary life .（平凡的坚持终将成就非凡的人生。） 2. classical (古典的，经典的) The roller coaster ride was really exciting.（他酷爱古典文学与传统艺术。） 3. fitting (恰当的，合适的) It's fitting to remember the contributions of great people.（铭记伟人的贡献是理所应当的。） 4. concentrated (专注的) He is extremely concentrated and can finish tasks efficiently .（他做事极度专注，总能高效完成任务。） 5. concentrated (信念，信仰) Firm belief is the biggest motivation to overcome difficulties.（坚定的信念是克服困难的最大动力。） 6. concentrated (简化，使简易) She tries his best to simplify obscure professional knowledge for the public.（她尽力简化晦涩的专业知识惠及大众。） 7. truly (真正地，真诚地) Great people truly devote themselves to public causes.（伟人真正地投身于公共事业。） 短 语 一、动词短语 1. have a talen for （有……的天赋）She has a talent for poetry creation since childhood .（她自幼拥有诗词创作的天赋。） 2. fight for （为……奋斗；争取）Countless ancestors fought for a better life for the people .（无数先辈为人民的美好生活奋力拼搏） 3. contribute to （为……做贡献；有助于）Everyone’s efforts can contribute to social progress.（每个人的努力都能助力社会进步。） 4. concentrate on （专注于……）EAcademic research requires us to calm down and concentrate on every details .（治学需要沉下心来专注每一个细节。） 5. be remembered for （因……被铭记）EvHe is remembered by the world for his selfless dedication.（他因无私的奉献被世人永远铭记。） 二、介词短语 1. with… in mind （考虑到……；心怀……想法）With public understanding in mind,he simplified professional knowledge .（为方便大众理解，他简化了专业知识。） 2. in addition to（除……之外（还有） In addition to scientific research ,she also has great attainments in literature .（除了科研，她在文学方面也颇有造诣。） 3. devote oneself to （致力于；投身于） YouThe scholar devoted his whole life to the research of ancient document .（这位学者毕生投身于古代文献的研究工作。） 实 用 交 际 套 句 型 一、询问评价伟人： 1. What qualities do great people have in common?（伟人有哪些共同的品质？） 2. What makes a person great in your opinion?（在你看来，什么能成就一个伟人？） 二、描述人物成就与品质： 1. be considered to be...（某人被认为是……） Tu Youyou is considered to be a great medical scientist. 2. be remembered for...（某人因……被铭记） Wang Zhenyi is remembered for her outstanding scientific achievements. （王贞仪因卓越的科研成就被世人铭记。） 三、表达观点与感悟 1. It is fitting that...（……是理所应当的） It is fitting that we respect great people who dedicated themselves to the country.（我们应当永远致敬为国奉献的伟人。） 2. I am + 形容词 + that从句（我……认为/感到……） I am glad that I can learn precious qualities from great people.（我很庆幸能从伟人身上学到宝贵品质。） 语法 形容词+that 从句（表达观点、情绪、判断） 写作 介绍伟人、阐述其成就、品质及个人感悟 一、知识点精讲 1.contribute v. 贡献；有助于 【句型】 ①contribute to doing sth. 为做某事做贡献（to为介词，后接动名词） Every effort can contribute to improving our society. 每一份努力都能为改善我们的社会做出贡献。 ② make contributions to sth. 为某事做出贡献 People from all walks of life make contributions to social development. 各行各业的人各司其职、各尽其力，共同为社会发展贡献力量。 2. talent n. 天赋，才能 【句型】 ① have a talent for sth./doing sth. 有……的天赋 She has a talent for artistic creation. 她极具艺术创作天赋，擅长创意写作与审美表达。 ② be talented in sth./doing sth. 在……方面有天赋（形容词变形必考） He is talented in scientific exploration and innovative research. 他善于探索创新，在科研领域极具天赋与潜力。 【变形】talented (adj.) 有天赋的 3. concentrate v. 集中；专注（中考中频★★★） 【句型】 ①concentrate on sth. 专注于某事、专心做某事（固定介词搭配on） Excellent people always concentrate on their goals and keep working hard. 优秀的人始终专注目标，持之以恒、奋力前行。 【变形】concentrated (adj.) 专注的；concentration (n.) 专注力 4. believe v. 相信；认为（中考易错★★★★） 【句型】 ①believe in sb./sth. 信任某人、坚信某事（区别believe sb. 相信某人的话） Strong belief supports us to get through all difficulties.（坚定的信念，支撑我们熬过所有困境、突破自我。） 【变形】belief (n.) 信念，信仰（拼写易错：去e，无e结尾） 5. ordinary adj. 普通的，平凡的 【句型】 ①ordinary people/person 普通人、平凡人（写作高频素材） Ordinary people can achieve extraordinary success with perseverance. 平凡之人，亦可凭坚守成就非凡人生。 【辨析】ordinary 侧重人/事物平平无奇、无特殊光环；反义词：extraordinary（非凡的，杰出的） 6. simplify v. 简化，使简易（单元高频★★★★） 【句型】 ①simplify difficult/professional knowledge 简化晦涩的专业知识（写作通用搭配） Professional researchers simplify complex knowledge for ordinary readers.（专业研究者为普通读者简化繁杂的专业知识。） 【词形变形】simple (adj.) 简单的；simplified (adj.) 被简化的 【考点语境】多用于教学、科普、知识讲解类书面语境 7.outstanding adj. 杰出的，优秀的（必考形容词★★★★★） 【句型】 ①outstanding achievements 卓越成就；an outstanding person 杰出人物（人物作文高分搭配） He is an outstanding researcher who devotes himself to social progress.（他是深耕领域、助力社会发展的杰出研究者。） 【考点精讲】纯正褒义词，仅修饰伟人、成就、作品、科研者等正向人/物。 8.fitting adj. 恰当的，理所应当的（语法绑定考点★★★★） 【句型】 ①It is fitting that... / It is fitting to do sth. 做某事是理所应当的（形容词+that从句核心句型） It is fitting that we learn noble qualities from great people. 我们学习伟人的高尚品质，是理所应当的正向选择。 【考点精讲】多用于人物评价、观点表达，书面语高分句型。 9.old-fashioned adj. 老式的，传统的，过时的（语境考点★★★） 【句型】 ①old-fashioned books/ideas/objects 古朴的典籍、老旧的思想、老式器物 These old-fashioned classics carry precious traditional culture. 这些古朴的经典典籍，承载着珍贵的传统文化底蕴。 【用法辨析】仅形容器物、典籍、思想老旧传统，不可修饰人（单选易错点） 二、核心语法精讲 形容词+that 从句（2024-2026中考考查2次） 1.功能：用于表达个人观点、情绪、判断 2.常用形容词：glad, happy, sad, worried, certain, surprised, unaware 3.语法规则：that 在句中可省略，不影响句子语法结构 4.特殊用法：not sure / not certain 后可接wh-疑问从句（what/who/where/whether） 例句：I am not sure who will become our positive role model.（我不确定谁会成为我们积极向上的榜样。） 三、单元写作清单 1. 话题分析 本单元写作核心为人物介绍类作文，中考高频必考话题。要求围绕伟人，介绍生平背景、核心成就、优秀品质，结合自身谈成长感悟，综合考查叙事、描述、议论写作能力。 2. 写作框架 开头：引出人物，介绍身份地位，总起全文 中间1：简述生平成长背景、求学与从业经历 中间2：重点阐述核心成就、社会贡献，提炼人物珍贵品质 结尾：总结人物价值，表达个人学习感悟与奋斗决心 3. 写作素材 ①From a young age, he/she showed a strong talent for... 他/她自幼展现出……的天赋 ②Through continuous hard work, he/she managed to achieve great success. 通过不懈努力，他/她取得了巨大成就 ③He/She is remembered for his/her great contributions to society. 他/她因对社会的巨大贡献被世人铭记 ④We can learn from him/her that perseverance leads to success. 我们从他身上学到坚持造就成功 4. 范文背诵 A Person I Look Up To I admire Yuan Longping most. He was an outstanding agricultural scientist in China. He had a natural talent for rice research and concentrated on his career all his life. He fought against global hunger and devoted all his time to agricultural development. Though he was an ordinary person at first, he held firm belief in his research and never gave up. His selfless dedication and perseverance teach me valuable lessons. I will keep working hard and try to make small contributions to society in the future. 易错点01 contribute to 用法混淆（高频易错） 【助记口诀】介词to后接动名，贡献专注记分明 【错因辨析】 易误将to当作不定式符号，后接动词原形，属于固定搭配高频误区 【对点训练】 1. Everyone should contribute to ______ (protect) our world. 【答案】protecting 【解析】考查高频易错搭配，contribute to 中 to 为介词，后面必须接名词或动名词形式，不能接动词原形，因此protect 变为动名词 protecting。 易错点02 believe /belief 词形混淆 【助记口诀】 动词相信带e尾，名词信念去e记 【错因辨析】 词性、拼写混淆，名词常误写为belif 【对点训练】 His strong ______ (believe) supports him to keep working. 【答案】belief 【解析】考查词形转换与拼写规则，空格前有形容词修饰，需填名词；动词 believe 对应的名词为 belief，需要去掉词尾不发音的 e，是本单元高频拼写易错点。 易错点03 in addition/ in addition to 混用 【错因辨析】 in addition 单独使用，为副词短语，单独作状语，后不接宾语；in addition to 后接名词/代词/动名词，为介词短语，必须接宾语，二者极易混用。 【对点训练】 1. ______ addition to science, she loved poetry as well. 【答案】In 【解析】考查短语辨析，in addition to 为介词短语，意为“除……之外还有”，后接名词、代词或动名词；区别于单独使用的副词短语 in addition，本题后接宾语，必须搭配介词 to。 一、根据所给提示填空 1.The young researcher is ___________(杰出的) and wins wide praise. 【答案】outstanding 【解析】考查单元核心必考形容词，outstanding 表示“杰出的、优秀的”，用于修饰科研学者，贴合语境，为本单元写作高频高分词汇。 2.Strong inner ___________ (信念)supports people to stick to their dreams. 【答案】belief 【解析】考查名词拼写，belief 为动词 believe 的名词形式，表“信念、信仰”，注意拼写易错，需去掉词尾 e，不可误写为 belif。 3.It is ___________(恰当的) to respect those who serve the public. 【答案】fitting 【解析】考查语法绑定核心形容词，It is fitting to do sth. 为固定句型，表“做某事是恰当的、理所应当的”。 4.In ___________ (除……之外)to study, we need to develop good virtues. 【答案】addition 【解析】考查固定介词短语 in addition to，表“除……之外还有”，为单元高频短语，后可接名词、动名词。 5.He shows a natural ___________ /ˈtælənt/ for musical creation. (天赋) 【答案】talent 【解析】考查音标拼写与核心名词，have a talent for 为固定搭配，表“有……的天赋”，是单元重点句型。 二、单项选择 1.Kindness and perseverance can greatly contribute ______ people’s success in life. 【答案】A 【解析】考查固定搭配 contribute to，to 为介词，意为“有助于、为……做贡献”，为单元高频易错考点，其余介词无此搭配。 2. I am firmly sure ______ continuous efforts will finally bring good results. 【答案】B 【解析】考查宾语从句引导词，sure 后接完整陈述句，用 that 引导从句，that 无实义、可省略，whether/what/if 不符合陈述句语境。 3. In addition to ______ hard at lessons, we need to practice more after class. 【答案】B 【解析】in addition to 为介词短语，to 是介词，后必须接名词或动名词形式，因此用 studying。 4. This ordinary scientist ______ to be one of the most valuable researchers in modern times. 【答案】B 【解析】考查固定被动结构 be considered to be，意为“被认为是……”，主语 scientist 与 consider 为被动关系，需用被动语态。 5. You will make progress if you keep ______ on your daily tasks. 【答案】C 【解析】考查固定用法 keep doing sth.，意为“持续、一直做某事”，后接动名词 concentrating。 6. It is fitting that we ______ the spirit of great people and pass it on. 【答案】A 【解析】考查固定句型虚拟语气，It is fitting that 从句中，谓语动词用动词原形，表“理应做某事”。 7. Many great men spent their whole lives ______ social justice and public benefits. 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词短语辨析，fight for 意为“为……奋斗、争取”；fight against 对抗，look for 寻找，ask for 请求，结合“为社会公益奋斗”语境，选A。 8. I am not certain ______ the new research method will work better. 【答案】C 【解析】考查宾语从句，not certain whether... 为固定句式，表“不确定是否……”，贴合句意。 9. Devoting time and energy ______ useful things makes our life meaningful. 【答案】D 【解析】考查固定搭配 devote...to doing sth.，to 为介词，后接动名词形式，表“致力于做某事”。 10. A(n) ______ person with firm belief can create extraordinary achievements. 【答案】A 【解析】考查形容词辨析，ordinary 平凡的，句意：拥有坚定信念的平凡人也能创造非凡成就；outgoing 外向的，old-fashioned 过时的，outstanding 杰出的，均不符合语境。 三、句型转换 1.He studies very hard. We all praise him.（合并为含that从句的复合句） We are glad ______ ______ he works so hard. 【答案】that he 【解析】考查形容词+that宾语从句固定结构，be glad that... 意为“为……感到高兴”，that引导完整陈述句从句，贴合本单元核心语法考点。 2.Besides reading, she takes exercise every day.（同义替换） ______ ______ ______ reading, she takes exercise every day. 【答案】In addition to 【解析】考查单元核心短语，besides 表“除……之外还有”，与 in addition to 同义，后接名词/动名词，为高频同义转换考点。 3.His hard work helps him achieve his dream.（同义替换） His hard work ______ ______ his dream coming true. 【答案】contributes to 【解析】考查固定搭配 contribute to doing sth.（有助于、促成），主语为不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，贴合单元核心短语用法。 4.People remember her for her selfless contributions.（改为被动句） She ______ ______ ______ for her selfless contributions. 【答案】is remembered for 【解析】考查被动语态固定结构 be remembered for（因……被铭记），主语为第三人称单数，时态为一般现在时，为本单元重点句型。 5.We should respect great people.（用It is fitting that改写） ______ ______ ______ that we respect great people. 【答案】It is fitting 【解析】考查单元核心高分句型 It is fitting that...（……是理所应当的），that从句后接动词原形，是本单元语法核心考点。 四、阅读理解 A Many people believe that greatness belongs only to famous scientists or top public figures. However, true greatness can exist in every ordinary person. What makes people great is not fame or money, but their spirits and actions. Great ordinary people always have three common qualities. First, they have firm beliefs. No matter what difficulties they meet, they will stick to their goals and never give up. Second, they are self-disciplined. They concentrate on their work and keep improving themselves every day. Third, they are willing to contribute to others. They always try their best to help people in need and serve society selflessly. These people never seek personal benefits. They hold simple but valuable wishes: to do their work well and to bring warmth to others. Their ordinary but persistent efforts slowly make big differences to our world. For teenagers, these people are the best role models. We can learn perseverance and kindness from them. Choose the best answer. 1.What makes a person great according to the passage? A. Rich wealth B. High fame C. Good spirits and actions D. Special luck 2.Which quality is NOT mentioned for great ordinary people? A. Firm belief B. Self-discipline C. Selfless contribution D. Good family background 3.What does the underlined word “perseverance” mean? A. 坚持 B. 浮躁 C. 自卑 D. 冲动 4.What can we learn from ordinary great people? A.We must become famous people. B.We should keep working hard and be kind. C.We only need to care about ourselves. D.We should never face difficulties. 5.What is the best title of Passage 1? A.How to Become Famous Quickly B.Greatness in Ordinary People C.The Way to Get Wealth and Fame D.How to Avoid Difficulties 答案及解析 1.【答案】C 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句“What makes people great is not fame or money, but their spirits and actions.”可知，成就伟大的是美好的精神与行动，并非财富、名声或运气。 2.【答案】D 【解析】细节判断题。文章第二段依次提到坚定的信念、自律、无私奉献，未提及良好的家庭背景。 3.【答案】A 【解析】词义猜测题。结合全文主旨“平凡的坚持成就伟大”，可推断 perseverance 意为“坚持、毅力”。 4.【答案】B 【解析】主旨理解题。文章讲述平凡伟人凭借坚持、善良、奉献成就价值，告诉我们应该坚持努力、心怀善意、乐于奉献，而非追求成名、自私自利或逃避困难。 5.【答案】B 【解析】主旨大意题。全文围绕“平凡人身上的伟大”展开，A、C、D均与文章主旨不符。 B Lin Miaomiao is a common rural teacher working in a small mountain village. She has worked there for more than twenty years. Unlike city teachers with good working conditions, she faces many difficulties in her daily work. The village school has old-fashioned classrooms and simple teaching equipment, but Lin never complains. She has a talent for teaching and always tries her best to simplify difficult knowledge for rural students. In addition to daily teaching tasks, she spends her spare time helping poor students with their studies for free. Lin holds a strong belief that every child deserves equal education. She devotes most of her time and energy to rural education. Her hard work contributes to the growth of hundreds of village children. Many of her students have entered good schools and finally changed their fate. Lin Miaomiao is ordinary and unknown to most people, but she is truly great. Her long-term dedication tells us that true greatness lies in persistent dedication to one’s post and sincere love for others. Choose the best answer. 1.How long has Lin Miaomiao worked as a village teacher? A. Over 10 years B. Over 20 years C. Over 30 years D. Over 40 years 2.What is Lin Miaomiao’s talent? A.Simplifying difficult knowledge B.Writing popular stories C.Designing new buildings D.Organizing big parties 3.What does Lin do in her free time? A.Travel around the world B.Learn new skills for fun C.Help poor students study for free D.Move to the city 4.What is Lin Miaomiao’s strong belief? A.Teachers should live a rich life B.Every child deserves equal education C.Village education is useless D.Fame is the most important thing 5.What can we learn from Lin Miaomiao’s story? A.Working in the city is always better B.Ordinary dedication can show true greatness C.Teachers’ work is easy and relaxing D.We should only pursue big achievements 答案及解析 1.【答案】B 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段第二句“She has worked there for more than twenty years.”可知答案。 2.【答案】A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段“She has a talent for teaching and always tries her best to simplify difficult knowledge for rural students.”可知，她的天赋是简化难懂的知识，方便学生理解。 3.【答案】C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“she spends her spare time helping poor students with their studies for free.”可知，她空闲时间免费帮扶贫困学生学习。 4.【答案】B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Lin holds a strong belief that every child deserves equal education.”可知她坚信每个孩子都应享有平等的教育机会。 5.【答案】B 【解析】主旨理解题。文章通过乡村教师默默坚守岗位、无私奉献的故事，告诉我们平凡的坚守与奉献也能彰显真正的伟大。 五、语法填空 Wang Zhenyi is a shining star in ancient Chinese science. She 1. ______ (bear) in a cultural family in the Qing dynasty. Unlike most 2. ______ (ordinary) women of her age, she was thirsty for knowledge. She kept 3. ______ (concentrate) on astronomy and math study day and night. With popularizing science 4. ______ mind, she simplified many difficult ancient books. In addition to 5. ______ (do) scientific research, she wrote beautiful poems. Her strong belief 6. ______ (help) her overcome countless difficulties. Today, she 7. ______ (remember) for her outstanding achievements. Her efforts 8. ______ (true) contribute to the development of ancient Chinese science. It is necessary for us 9. ______ (learn) from her spirit and keep 10. ______ (progress) all the time. 答案及解析 1.【答案】was born 【解析】考查固定短语与时态，be born in 为固定搭配“出生于”，出生发生在过去，用一般过去时。 2.【答案】ordinary 【解析】考查形容词用法，形容词 ordinary 修饰名词 women，表“普通的女性”，为本单元核心词汇。 3.【答案】concentrating 【解析】考查固定搭配 keep doing sth. “坚持/持续做某事”，后接动名词形式。 4.【答案】in 【解析】考查固定短语 with...in mind “心怀……想法、考虑到……”，为单元高频介词短语。 5.【答案】doing 【解析】in addition to 中 to 为介词，后接动名词形式，是本单元高频易错点。 6.【答案】helped 【解析】考查一般过去时，讲述王贞仪过往的经历，动词用过去式。 7.【答案】is remembered 【解析】考查一般现在时被动语态，be remembered for “因……被铭记”，主语为第三人称单数。 8.【答案】truly 【解析】考查副词用法，副词 truly 修饰动词 contribute，表“真正地助力”。 9.【答案】to learn 【解析】考查固定句型 It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth.，不定式作真正主语。 10【答案】progressing 【解析】考查固定搭配 keep doing sth. “持续做某事”，后接动名词形式。 六、书面表达 请以 A Person I Look Up To 为题，写一篇80词左右的英语短文。 内容包含：1. 你敬佩的人物身份；2. 人物的优秀品质与成就；3. 你的感悟与收获。要求语法正确、语句通顺、原创表达。 A Person I Look Up To 参考范文： A Person I Look Up To I admire Yuan Longping most. He was an outstanding agricultural scientist in China. He had a natural talent for rice research and concentrated on his career all his life. He fought against global hunger and devoted all his time to agricultural development. Though he was an ordinary person at first, he held firm belief in his research and never gave up. His selfless dedication and perseverance teach me valuable lessons. I will keep working hard and try to make small contributions to society in the future. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Great People 主 题 场 景 分 类 词 汇 一、人物职业身份： 1. ___________ (杰出的，优秀的) __________________________________________________________________（他是一位杰出的青年科研学者） 2. ___________ (作曲家) __________________________________________________________________（这位作曲家创作了许多经典古典乐曲。） 3. ___________ (天文学家) __________________________________________________________________（这位天文学家毕生致力于星空研究。） 4. ___________ (诗人) __________________________________________________________________（这位诗人写下无数赞美山河的诗篇。） 二、科研学术相关： 1. ___________ (老式的，传统的，过时的) __________________________________________________________________（这本古籍文字晦涩老旧，难以读懂。） 2. ___________ (灯) __________________________________________________________________（一盏孤灯陪伴他彻夜研学。） 三、品质态度相关： 1. ___________ (普通的，平凡的) __________________________________________________________________（平凡的坚持终将成就非凡的人生。） 2. ___________(古典的，经典的) __________________________________________________________________（他酷爱古典文学与传统艺术。） 3. ___________(恰当的，合适的) __________________________________________________________________（铭记伟人的贡献是理所应当的。） 4. ___________(专注的) __________________________________________________________________（他做事极度专注，总能高效完成任务。） 5. ___________(信念，信仰) __________________________________________________________________（坚定的信念是克服困难的最大动力。） 6. ___________(简化，使简易) __________________________________________________________________（她尽力简化晦涩的专业知识惠及大众。） 7. ___________(真正地，真诚地) __________________________________________________________________（伟人真正地投身于公共事业） 短 语 一、动词短语 1. ______________________（有……的天赋） __________________________________________________________________（她自幼拥有诗词创作的天赋。） 2. ______________________（为……奋斗；争取） __________________________________________________________________（无数先辈为人民的美好生活奋力拼搏。） 3. ______________________（为……做贡献；有助于） __________________________________________________________________（每个人的努力都能助力社会进步。） 4. ______________________（专注于……） __________________________________________________________________（治学需要沉下心来专注每一个细节。） 5. ______________________（因……被铭记） __________________________________________________________________（他因无私的奉献被世人永远铭记。） 二、介词短语 1. ______________________（考虑到……；心怀……想法） __________________________________________________________________（为方便大众理解，他简化了专业知识。） 2. ______________________（除……之外（还有） __________________________________________________________________（除了科研，她在文学方面也颇有造诣。） 3. ______________________（致力于；投身于） __________________________________________________________________（这位学者毕生投身于古代文献的研究工作。） 实 用 交 际 套 句 型 一、询问评价伟人： 1. What qualities do great people have in common?（伟人有哪些共同的品质？） 2. What makes a person great in your opinion?（在你看来，什么能成就一个伟人？） 二、描述人物成就与品质： 1. be considered to be...（某人被认为是……） Tu Youyou is considered to be a great medical scientist. 2. be remembered for...（某人因……被铭记） Wang Zhenyi is remembered for her outstanding scientific achievements. （王贞仪因卓越的科研成就被世人铭记。） 三、表达观点与感悟 1. It is fitting that...（……是理所应当的） It is fitting that we respect great people who dedicated themselves to the country.（我们应当永远致敬为国奉献的伟人。） 2. I am + 形容词 + that从句（我……认为/感到……） I am glad that I can learn precious qualities from great people.（我很庆幸能从伟人身上学到宝贵品质。） 语法 形容词+that 从句（表达观点、情绪、判断） 写作 介绍伟人、阐述其成就、品质及个人感悟 一、知识点精讲 1.contribute v. 贡献；有助于 【句型】 ①contribute to doing sth. 为做某事做贡献（to为介词，后接动名词） Every effort can contribute to improving our society. 每一份努力都能为改善我们的社会做出贡献。 ② make contributions to sth. 为某事做出贡献 People from all walks of life make contributions to social development. 各行各业的人各司其职、各尽其力，共同为社会发展贡献力量。 2. talent n. 天赋，才能 【句型】 ① have a talent for sth./doing sth. 有……的天赋 She has a talent for artistic creation. 她极具艺术创作天赋，擅长创意写作与审美表达。 ② be talented in sth./doing sth. 在……方面有天赋（形容词变形必考） He is talented in scientific exploration and innovative research. 他善于探索创新，在科研领域极具天赋与潜力。 【变形】talented (adj.) 有天赋的 3. concentrate v. 集中；专注（中考中频★★★） 【句型】 ①concentrate on sth. 专注于某事、专心做某事（固定介词搭配on） Excellent people always concentrate on their goals and keep working hard. 优秀的人始终专注目标，持之以恒、奋力前行。 【变形】concentrated (adj.) 专注的；concentration (n.) 专注力 4. believe v. 相信；认为（中考易错★★★★） 【句型】 ①believe in sb./sth. 信任某人、坚信某事（区别believe sb. 相信某人的话） Strong belief supports us to get through all difficulties.（坚定的信念，支撑我们熬过所有困境、突破自我。） 【变形】belief (n.) 信念，信仰（拼写易错：去e，无e结尾） 5. ordinary adj. 普通的，平凡的 【句型】 ①ordinary people/person 普通人、平凡人（写作高频素材） Ordinary people can achieve extraordinary success with perseverance. 平凡之人，亦可凭坚守成就非凡人生。 【辨析】ordinary 侧重人/事物平平无奇、无特殊光环；反义词：extraordinary（非凡的，杰出的） 6. simplify v. 简化，使简易（单元高频★★★★） 【句型】 ①simplify difficult/professional knowledge 简化晦涩的专业知识（写作通用搭配） Professional researchers simplify complex knowledge for ordinary readers.（专业研究者为普通读者简化繁杂的专业知识。） 【词形变形】simple (adj.) 简单的；simplified (adj.) 被简化的 【考点语境】多用于教学、科普、知识讲解类书面语境 7.outstanding adj. 杰出的，优秀的（必考形容词★★★★★） 【句型】 ①outstanding achievements 卓越成就；an outstanding person 杰出人物（人物作文高分搭配） He is an outstanding researcher who devotes himself to social progress.（他是深耕领域、助力社会发展的杰出研究者。） 【考点精讲】纯正褒义词，仅修饰伟人、成就、作品、科研者等正向人/物。 8.fitting adj. 恰当的，理所应当的（语法绑定考点★★★★） 【句型】 ①It is fitting that... / It is fitting to do sth. 做某事是理所应当的（形容词+that从句核心句型） It is fitting that we learn noble qualities from great people. 我们学习伟人的高尚品质，是理所应当的正向选择。 【考点精讲】多用于人物评价、观点表达，书面语高分句型。 9.old-fashioned adj. 老式的，传统的，过时的（语境考点★★★） 【句型】 ①old-fashioned books/ideas/objects 古朴的典籍、老旧的思想、老式器物 These old-fashioned classics carry precious traditional culture. 这些古朴的经典典籍，承载着珍贵的传统文化底蕴。 【用法辨析】仅形容器物、典籍、思想老旧传统，不可修饰人（单选易错点） 二、核心语法精讲 形容词+that 从句（2024-2026中考考查2次） 1.功能：用于表达个人观点、情绪、判断 2.常用形容词：glad, happy, sad, worried, certain, surprised, unaware 3.语法规则：that 在句中可省略，不影响句子语法结构 4.特殊用法：not sure / not certain 后可接wh-疑问从句（what/who/where/whether） 例句：I am not sure who will become our positive role model.（我不确定谁会成为我们积极向上的榜样。） 三、单元写作清单 1. 话题分析 本单元写作核心为人物介绍类作文，中考高频必考话题。要求围绕伟人，介绍生平背景、核心成就、优秀品质，结合自身谈成长感悟，综合考查叙事、描述、议论写作能力。 2. 写作框架 开头：引出人物，介绍身份地位，总起全文 中间1：简述生平成长背景、求学与从业经历 中间2：重点阐述核心成就、社会贡献，提炼人物珍贵品质 结尾：总结人物价值，表达个人学习感悟与奋斗决心 3. 写作素材 ①From a young age, he/she showed a strong talent for... 他/她自幼展现出……的天赋 ②Through continuous hard work, he/she managed to achieve great success. 通过不懈努力，他/她取得了巨大成就 ③He/She is remembered for his/her great contributions to society. 他/她因对社会的巨大贡献被世人铭记 ④We can learn from him/her that perseverance leads to success. 我们从他身上学到坚持造就成功 4. 范文背诵 A Person I Look Up To I admire Yuan Longping most. He was an outstanding agricultural scientist in China. He had a natural talent for rice research and concentrated on his career all his life. He fought against global hunger and devoted all his time to agricultural development. Though he was an ordinary person at first, he held firm belief in his research and never gave up. His selfless dedication and perseverance teach me valuable lessons. I will keep working hard and try to make small contributions to society in the future. 易错点01 contribute to 用法混淆（高频易错） 【助记口诀】介词to后接动名，贡献专注记分明 【错因辨析】 易误将to当作不定式符号，后接动词原形，属于固定搭配高频误区 【对点训练】 1. Everyone should contribute to ______ (protect) our world. 易错点02 believe /belief 词形混淆 【助记口诀】 动词相信带e尾，名词信念去e记 【错因辨析】 词性、拼写混淆，名词常误写为belif 【对点训练】 His strong ______ (believe) supports him to keep working. 易错点03 in addition/ in addition to 混用 【错因辨析】 in addition 单独使用，为副词短语，单独作状语，后不接宾语；in addition to 后接名词/代词/动名词，为介词短语，必须接宾语，二者极易混用。 【对点训练】 1. ______ addition to science, she loved poetry as well. 一、根据所给提示填空 1. The young researcher is ___________(杰出的) and wins wide praise. 2. Strong inner ___________ (信念)supports people to stick to their dreams. 3. It is ___________(恰当的) to respect those who serve the public. 4. In ___________ (除……之外)to study, we need to develop good virtues. 5. He shows a natural ___________ /ˈtælənt/ for musical creation. (天赋) 二、单项选择 1.Kindness and perseverance can greatly contribute ______ people’s success in life. A. to B. for C. with D. in 2.I am firmly sure ______ continuous efforts will finally bring good results. A. whether B. that C. what D. if 3.In addition to ______ hard at lessons, we need to practice more after class. A. study B. studying C. studied D. to study 4.This ordinary scientist ______ to be one of the most valuable researchers in modern times. A. considers B. is considered C. considered D. was considering 5.You will make progress if you keep ______ on your daily tasks. A. concentrate B. concentrated C. concentrating D. to concentrate 6.It is fitting that we ______ the spirit of great people and pass it on. A. value B. valued C. will value D. have valued 7.Many great men spent their whole lives ______ social justice and public benefits. A. fighting for B. fighting against C. looking for D. asking for 8.I am not certain ______ the new research method will work better. A. that B. what C. whether D. how 9.Devoting time and energy ______ useful things makes our life meaningful. A. do B. doing C. to do D. to doing 10.A(n) ______ person with firm belief can create extraordinary achievements. A. ordinary B. outgoing C. old-fashioned D. outstanding 三、句型转换 1.He studies very hard. We all praise him.（合并为含that从句的复合句） We are glad ______ ______ he works so hard. 2.Besides reading, she takes exercise every day.（同义替换） ______ ______ ______ reading, she takes exercise every day. 3.His hard work helps him achieve his dream.（同义替换） His hard work ______ ______ his dream coming true. 4.People remember her for her selfless contributions.（改为被动句） She ______ ______ ______ for her selfless contributions. 5.We should respect great people.（用It is fitting that改写） ______ ______ ______ that we respect great people. 四、阅读理解 A Many people believe that greatness belongs only to famous scientists or top public figures. However, true greatness can exist in every ordinary person. What makes people great is not fame or money, but their spirits and actions. Great ordinary people always have three common qualities. First, they have firm beliefs. No matter what difficulties they meet, they will stick to their goals and never give up. Second, they are self-disciplined. They concentrate on their work and keep improving themselves every day. Third, they are willing to contribute to others. They always try their best to help people in need and serve society selflessly. These people never seek personal benefits. They hold simple but valuable wishes: to do their work well and to bring warmth to others. Their ordinary but persistent efforts slowly make big differences to our world. For teenagers, these people are the best role models. We can learn perseverance and kindness from them. Choose the best answer. 1.What makes a person great according to the passage? A. Rich wealth B. High fame C. Good spirits and actions D. Special luck 2.Which quality is NOT mentioned for great ordinary people? A. Firm belief B. Self-discipline C. Selfless contribution D. Good family background 3.What does the underlined word “perseverance” mean? A. 坚持 B. 浮躁 C. 自卑 D. 冲动 4.What can we learn from ordinary great people? A.We must become famous people. B.We should keep working hard and be kind. C.We only need to care about ourselves. D.We should never face difficulties. 5.What is the best title of Passage 1? A.How to Become Famous Quickly B.Greatness in Ordinary People C.The Way to Get Wealth and Fame D.How to Avoid Difficulties B Lin Miaomiao is a common rural teacher working in a small mountain village. She has worked there for more than twenty years. Unlike city teachers with good working conditions, she faces many difficulties in her daily work. The village school has old-fashioned classrooms and simple teaching equipment, but Lin never complains. She has a talent for teaching and always tries her best to simplify difficult knowledge for rural students. In addition to daily teaching tasks, she spends her spare time helping poor students with their studies for free. Lin holds a strong belief that every child deserves equal education. She devotes most of her time and energy to rural education. Her hard work contributes to the growth of hundreds of village children. Many of her students have entered good schools and finally changed their fate. Lin Miaomiao is ordinary and unknown to most people, but she is truly great. Her long-term dedication tells us that true greatness lies in persistent dedication to one’s post and sincere love for others. Choose the best answer. 1.How long has Lin Miaomiao worked as a village teacher? A. Over 10 years B. Over 20 years C. Over 30 years D. Over 40 years 2.What is Lin Miaomiao’s talent? A.Simplifying difficult knowledge B.Writing popular stories C.Designing new buildings D.Organizing big parties 3.What does Lin do in her free time? A.Travel around the world B.Learn new skills for fun C.Help poor students study for free D.Move to the city 4.What is Lin Miaomiao’s strong belief? A.Teachers should live a rich life B.Every child deserves equal education C.Village education is useless D.Fame is the most important thing 5.What can we learn from Lin Miaomiao’s story? A.Working in the city is always better B.Ordinary dedication can show true greatness C.Teachers’ work is easy and relaxing D.We should only pursue big achievements 五、语法填空 Wang Zhenyi is a shining star in ancient Chinese science. She 1. ______ (bear) in a cultural family in the Qing dynasty. Unlike most 2. ______ (ordinary) women of her age, she was thirsty for knowledge. She kept 3. ______ (concentrate) on astronomy and math study day and night. With popularizing science 4. ______ mind, she simplified many difficult ancient books. In addition to 5. ______ (do) scientific research, she wrote beautiful poems. Her strong belief 6. ______ (help) her overcome countless difficulties. Today, she 7. ______ (remember) for her outstanding achievements. Her efforts 8. ______ (true) contribute to the development of ancient Chinese science. It is necessary for us 9. ______ (learn) from her spirit and keep 10. ______ (progress) all the time. 六、书面表达 请以 A Person I Look Up To 为题，写一篇80词左右的英语短文。 内容包含：1. 你敬佩的人物身份；2. 人物的优秀品质与成就；3. 你的感悟与收获。要求语法正确、语句通顺、原创表达。 A Person I Look Up To 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $