Unit 3 Period 4 Extended reading-Assessment（分层作业）英语译林版必修第一册

**基本信息** 该同步练习通过A、B、C组及高考拓展分层设计，实现从词汇语法基础到语篇思维应用的递进，适配新授课知识巩固与能力提升需求，兼顾语言能力与思维品质培养。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |A组巩固过关|核心词汇、基础语法|词汇替换题结合语境强化词义辨析，单句语法填空聚焦词性转换等基础考点，夯实语言能力| |B组能力进阶|句型结构、语法综合|完成句子考查复杂句式应用，语篇语法填空整合时态、非谓语等，实现单句到语篇的衔接| |C组思维拔高|语篇理解、逻辑推理|选取父子关系及科普文本，通过阅读理解和七选五考查推理判断，提升思维品质| |拓展链接高考|高考核心考点|对接2026全国二卷阅读、2024新课标七选五题型，培养应试能力与学习能力|

分层作业 Unit 3 Period 4 Extended reading-Assessment 目 录 A组 巩固过关 B组 能力进阶 C组 思维拔高 拓展 链接高考 1、 根据语境，选择框中单词替换句中画线部分的单词或短语，使之意思一致 A．account       B．brief               C． benefit        D．tough         E. approach F. eager           G. unemployed       H. charged        I. perform         J. grateful 1．Left jobless after the factory closed, he still stayed positive. 2．They had a short conversation about their plans for the weekend. 3．We must take immediate action to deal with the way of cultural loss. 4．We should be thankful for the love and care from our family and friends. 5．The local guide gave a detailed description of this beautiful ancient town. 6．Our generation should carry out the duty to pass down these historical traditions. 7．Getting used to senior high school life can be a difficult challenge for new students. 8．As students, we are anxious to make full use of time to study hard and realize our dreams. 9．By taking part in volunteer work, teenagers will get a lot from this meaningful experience. 10．When the earthquake hit, the frightened students rushed out of the building to seek safety. 二、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词 1．He is a f____________ as an artist, but a success as an art teacher. 2．Our government hoped that these measures would ________ (有益于) all the people. 3．It is wise to ________ (寻求) help as soon as possible. 4．I could hardly __________(认出) him when he called me, for he wore sunglasses. 5．Robben Island was a prison from which no one could e__________. 6．The Europeans had hoped to win the game, and, i__________  , they finally won. 7．Tourists come here to a__________ (欣赏；钦佩) the grand stone statues on the square. 8．Li Bai, a great ________ (诗人) in the Tang Dynasty, wrote many famous poems. 9．My good p_________ in the job interview left me optimistic about my future. 10．It is n _________ for students to feel nervous before an exam, and we teachers should comfort them and relieve their tension. 三、单句语法填空 1．In my opinion, we can use the Internet language on (formal) occasions. 2．She became the first Jamaican woman ever (win) the 100 meters Olympic gold. 3．When you are faced with a (stress) situation, part of your brain will send a signal. 4．On returning home, he (press) to do his homework, which made him upset. 5．David, who has never been devoted to his study, is less likely (pass) the exam. 6．The doctors have decided to give him an (operate)． 7．Her (argue) for outdoor activities is that it can broaden our horizons. 8．One of the things that you want to do as a good (design) is to basically map a new problem into a known field. 9．I was   (annoy) at myself for making such a stupid mistake. 10．You can give a brief (respond) to a message with an emoji or a picture. 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 1．这条路很平坦，容易行走。 The road is ________, making it easy to walk. 2．他的母亲站在门口，看到这一幕，高兴得流下了眼泪。 His mother, standing at the door, _____________________ 3．警察一接到电话，他们就赶到现场，那里发生了交通事故。 The moment the police received the call, they rushed to the scene, _____________________. 4．我永远不会忘记我们毕业的那一天。 I will never forget the day_____________________ . 5．他第一次鼓起勇气在一大群听众面前讲话。 He ________________ to speak in front of a large audience for the first time. 6．屠呦呦是20世纪科学界最有影响力的人物之一。 Tu Youyou was ________________ of science in the 20th century. 7．这家医院每月为低收入家庭提供免费手术。 The hospital offers __________ (免费手术) to low-income families once a month. 8．面对紧急情况，我们应该保持冷静并互相帮助。 ________________, we should keep calm and help each other. 9．如果你能给我们一些关于如何应对这种情况的建议，我将不胜感激。 I would appreciate it if you could give us some advice on ________________. 10．我当然钦佩他，毕竟他是个伟大的作家。 Of course I admire him — ________________, he is a great writer. 五、语法填空 I have a lovely brother. He is 4 years younger than me. I still remember that day when he was born. He is 1 premature baby. When he was a little baby, he always used to cry for no reason and hardly slept. He never allowed me and my parents 2 (sleep) well. As time went by, he 3 (become) a little older. I used to get angry with 4 (he) since he started snatching (抢) all my toys away from me. 5 , my parents taught me that he is my younger brother and I should make him 6 (learn) to share things. Now, 7 we still fight over things, we both love each other deeply. We share the same school and have the same 8 (interest), like doing sports, singing and reading. We do a lot of secret things without informing our parents and if 9 (catch), we will join hands to deal with the situation. Life is fun when we are together. As we are growing old day by day, we are becoming 10 (responsible) for our duties than before. And we know that no matter where we go in life, we both are always there for each other to face the hardships of life. 六、阅读理解 Dear Jack, I remember the moment — it truly hit me that your autism(自闭症) lasted forever. I had already mentally planned our trips up north with the boys. I was going to spend endless hours playing baseball with you — like Grandpa did with me. When we said goodbye to kindergarten I knew it was real. I spent some time being sad. Now you are 8. You still have no words. We have never had one of those father-son moments I pictured when you were a baby. But I’m learning that’s OK. I still have unbelievable things to offer as your dad, even if they weren’t the things I originally expected. You have taught me to be patient. You have taught me that it’s OK to be different and to be sad when life doesn’t go as planned. You have taught me that it is OK to talk about those feelings and fight for what is right. Stand up and say this is wrong, and encourage others to stand up for you and say the same. My job on this earth is to create a world for you and other kids like you. Be the voice you don’t have, and build the kind of community which I want to see you grow up in. I used to shy away from contacting people with disabilities or just not consider them. Before you were born, I was so caught up in my own world that I probably wouldn’t have even noticed. Now, I see things differently. I notice. You did that for me. And hope my example will do that for others. Your mom and I have spent 8 years trying to find your voice. And honestly, we don’t know if we ever will. I promise you I will spend my life keeping you safe and making this world better for you. 1．What can be learned about the author? A．He is at a loss what to do to help Jack. B．He is to blame for Jack’s present condition. C．He has changed his attitude to the disabled. D．He hasn’t accepted the reality up to now. 2．How does the author sound in the text? A．Ashamed. B．Caring. C．Regretful. D．Indifferent. 3．In which section of a magazine may this text appear? A．Science. B．Entertainment. C．Sports. D．Relationship. 七、七选五 A cast net is a kind of fishing net (渔网) that is designed to be thrown out into the water and then pulled back with fish. 1 Some objects from ancient Greece, Rome, and China can prove the long history of them. A basic cast net is a big circle of netting with weighty edges (边缘). As a general rule, a cast net is designed to be thrown by hand, but it’s also possible to use a net thrower, especially for big nets. 2 Cast nets are designed for use in water which isn’t deep and is free of objects such as plants and rocks. To use a cast net, the fisherman throws the lightweight net out onto the water, where it spreads out. 3 As the net nears the bottom of the water, it’s pulled closed and pulled back with a lot of fish. 4 These nets are easy to tangle (缠结) if they are not used and stored carefully. They also have to be checked often for holes requiring repair. And one needs to be fairly strong to pull the net back since the net can get very heavy with a lot of fish. Nowadays, people can use more advanced tools to catch fish. 5 They think it can be pleasant to work with a cast net once one has learned the skills. Besides, some people have an interest in old-fashioned fishing ways. A．Learning to properly use cast nets can take time. B．Before fishing, one must buy some advanced tools. C．But some of them still enjoy using a traditional cast net. D．People have been using cast nets for thousands of years. E．That’s because these nets can be hard to control by hand. F．The fish are kept in a certain water area to avoid running away. G．Then it begins to fall very rapidly thanks to the weighty edges. 八、阅读理解 （2026·全国二卷）The peak of Mount Qomolangma, 8,849 meters above sea level. Chimborazo, 6,263 m; Mont Blanc, 4,806 m; Pradidali hut, at the foot of the Pala group in the Dolomites, 2,278 m. It is common practice to provide the elevation (高度) of a place. Simple readings are now readily available on our phones and wearables. But elevation is necessarily relative: only the choice of a reference point allows us to express numerically the height of an object or a location. The idea of sea level as a reference point for elevations has by now been around for so long as to go essentially unnoticed-we mention it without even considering what it means. That the concept has a history is easily ignored. We tend to forget that sea level is a product of technically and culturally determined assumptions. In this book, I tell a story of these assumptions. Appropriately, the book took shape during a summer spent between sea and mountains. A month after visiting the French Riviera and enjoying the sandy beaches of Nice and Menton, I went hiking with friends in the Pala group. Resting on a pass near the Pradidali hut, we began discussing the readings offered by our altimeters (测高仪). Why did they vary ever so slightly from one instrument to the next? This sense of uncertainty led me to think about the meaning of zero. This is how I began my search for the conceptual history of sea level. In this book I examine three crucial stages in the history of mean sea level. These stages mirror the development of human conceptions of the sea. Since I began thinking about this project in August 2011, the issue of sea-level rise and the need to place it historically have only become more urgent: between then and the end of 2022 the global sea rose by almost 5 centimeters, about half of the overall rise recorded by satellites since 1993. 1．What does the author point out at the beginning of the text? A．Some mountains are getting higher. B．Data on wearables are misleading. C．The concept of elevation is relative. D．The reference point is hard to locate. 2．What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A．How the altimeter was invented. B．What initiated the author’s research. C．Why the digital readings varied. D．Where the author spent his holiday. 3．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in the last paragraph? A．The book. B．The project. C．The issue. D．The development. 4．What can be the title of the book mentioned in the text? A．The Altimeter: A Must-Have B．Sea Level: A History C．Meaning of Zero: Nothing or Everything D．Mountains to Seas: Ups and Downs 九、七选五 （2024·新课标I卷）Overtourism Is For Real: How Can You Help? Travel promotes understanding, expands our minds, makes us better people, and boosts local economies and communities, but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and destinations. 1 Certainly not. The loss of what travel offers would be unacceptable in today’s world. Here are some tips on making wise decisions to minimize pressure on the places we visit and improve our experience. ●Choose mindfully. Overvisited destinations are that way for a reason: they’re special. With so many online posts featuring the same places, it’s easy to feel like you’re missing out. Go somewhere only when the landscape, culture or food deeply draws you. 2 ●Get creative. The best way to ease pressure on over-touristed destinations is to go somewhere else. Though overtourism is described as a problem affecting the entire world, it’s actually concentrated to a small number of extremely popular spots. That means you have tons of less-visited options to choose from. 3 Why not try a regional alternative or check out a popular destination’s lesser-known sights? ● 4 Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour. You’ll compete with fewer tourists, save money, experience a different side of a popular place, and boost the economy when tourism is traditionally slower. Visiting a place that others call home is a privilege (荣幸). Do your part to preserve what makes a destination special in the first place. 5 You may be amazed how much closer you’ll feel to the people there. A．Visit during off-peak times. B．So, should we stop traveling? C．Travel for you and no one else. D．Can overtourism be avoided then? E．You can still find relatively undiscovered places. F．You’ll find yourself virtually alone, or close to it. G．Consider giving back to the communities you’re visiting. 4 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 分层作业 Unit 3 Period 4 Extended reading-Assessment 一、一、根据语境，选择框中单词替换句中画线部分的单词或短语，使之意思一致 1．G 2．B 3．E 4．J 5．A 6．I 7．D 8．F 9．C 10．H 二、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词 1. failure 2. benefit 3. seek 4. recognize 5. escape 6. indeed 7. admire 8. poet 9. performance 10. normal 三、单句语法填空 1. informal 2. to win 3. stressful 4. was pressed 5. to pass 6. operation 7. argument 8. designer 9. annoyed 10. response 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 1. flat/smooth 2. cried tears of joy to see the scene 3. where a traffic accident happened 4. when we graduated 5. gathered his courage 6. one of the most influential figures 7. free operation 8. Faced with emergencies 9. how to cope with the situation 10. after all 五、语法填空 【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了“我”和弟弟的故事：虽然和弟弟会有争执，但“我们”相亲相爱，共同分享生命中的苦与乐。 1．a 考查冠词。句意：他是一名早产儿。此处泛指“一名早产儿”，且premature以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。 2．to sleep 考查非谓语动词。句意：他从不让我和我父母睡个好觉。allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”，故用sleep“睡觉”的不定式形式to sleep，作宾补。 3．became 考查动词时态。句意：随着时间的流逝，他变老了一些。根据As time went by和句意可知，事情发生在过去，故时态用一般过去时，用become“变得”的过去式became。 4．him 考查代词。句意：自从他开始抢我所有的玩具以来，我常常生他的气。分析句子结构可知，本空填宾格him“他”，作with的宾语。 5．However 考查副词。句意：然而，我的父母告诉我，他是我的弟弟，我应该让他学会分享东西。上一句和本句为转折关系，故用转折副词however“然而”，位于句首，首字母大写。 6．learn 考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，我的父母告诉我，他是我的弟弟，我应该让他学会分享东西。固定搭配make sb. do“让某人做某事”，此处使用省略to的动词不定式，作宾补。 7．although/though 考查让步状语从句。句意：现在，虽然我们仍然为一些事情争吵，但我们都深深地爱着对方。前后句意存在让步关系，应用although/though“虽然”引导让步状语从句。 8．interests 考查名词复数。句意：我们在同一所学校，有相同的爱好，喜欢做运动，唱歌和阅读。根据下文的“like doing sports, singing and reading”可知，共同的爱好很多，应用interest“爱好”的复数形式。 9．caught 考查状语从句的省略。句意：我们做了很多秘密的事情而不告诉我们的父母，如果被发现，我们会联手处理这种情况。当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时或从句主语为it，且从句含有be动词时，可以省略状语从句的主语和be动词。本句中的条件状语从句完整句子为if we are caught，省略we are，保留过去分词。 10．more responsible 考查形容词比较级。句意：随着我们一天天变老，我们比以前更有责任感。根据下文的than可知，本空用比较级 responsible“更有责任感”，作表语。 六、阅读理解 【文章大意】这是一篇应用文。本文是一篇父亲写给自闭症儿子的信，信中充满关爱;作者说从儿子那里学到了如何与残疾人相处、如何更好地与儿子相处，信最后，作者说虽不知道儿子是否能说话，但他会全力保护儿子。 1．C推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的句子“I used to shy away from contacting people with disabilities or just not consider them.(我过去常常回避与残疾人接触，或者根本不考虑他们。)”和“Before you were born, I was so caught up in my own world that I probably wouldn’t have even noticed. Now, I see things differently. I notice.(在你出生之前，我太沉迷于自己的世界了，我可能都没有注意到。现在，我的看法不同了。我注意到了)”可知，作者在儿子出生之前常回避与残疾人接触，或者干脆不考虑他们，现在作者的看法不同了，他注意到了残疾人，所以作者改变了对残疾人的看法。 2．B推理判断题。由第三段的句子“You have taught me to be patient. You have taught me that it’s OK to be different and to be sad when life doesn’t go as planned.(你教会了我要有耐心。你教会了我，当生活没有按计划进行时，你可以与众不同，也可以难过)”和最后一段的句子“I promise you I will spend my life keeping you safe and making this world better for you.(我向你保证，我会用我的一生来保护你，让这个世界变得更美好)”可知，作者说儿子教会了他很多东西，作者承诺会保护儿子的安全，让这个世界为儿子变得更美好，说明作者是以一种关爱的口吻写这封信的。 3．D推理判断题。本文是一篇父亲写给自闭症儿子的信，信中充满关爱;作者说从儿子那里学到了如何与残疾人相处、如何更好地与儿子相处，信最后，作者说虽不知道儿子是否能说话，但他会全力保护儿子。所以写的是关于家庭成员间的情感故事，故会出现在杂志的Relationship(关系)专栏。 七、七选五 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。讲述了渔网的历史发展和使用技术。 1．D下文“Some objects from ancient Greece, Rome, and China can prove the long history of them. (来自古希腊、罗马和中国的一些物品可以证明它们的悠久历史。)”证明它们的历史悠久，选项D“人们使用渔网已有几千年的历史。”引领下文，说明渔网有悠久的历史。下文中them指选项中cast nets，语义一致。 2．E上文“As a general rule, a cast net is designed to be thrown by hand, but it’s also possible to use a net thrower, especially for big nets. (一般来说，抛网是用手扔的，但也可以使用抛网器，尤其是大网。)”说明大网不用手抛，而用抛网器，选项E“这是因为这些网很难用手控制。”和上文是因果关系，因为大网很难用手控制，所以用抛网器。 3．G上文“To use a cast net, the fisherman throws the lightweight net out onto the water, where it spreads out. (使用撒网时，渔夫把轻质的网抛到水面上，然后撒开。)”和下文“As the net nears the bottom of the water, it’s pulled closed and pulled back with a lot of fish.(当渔网接近水底时，它被收紧，然后带着许多鱼被拉回。)”讲解撒网打渔的过程，选项G“然后，由于边缘很重，它开始迅速下降。”承上启下，说明渔网撒开后，迅速下降，最后接近水底，收紧拉回。 4．A下文“These nets are easy to tangle (缠结) if they are not used and stored carefully. They also have to be checked often for holes requiring repair. And one needs to be fairly strong to pull the net back since the net can get very heavy with a lot of fish. (这些网如果不小心使用和存放，很容易打结。它们还必须经常检查是否有需要修补的孔洞。人们需要相当强壮才能把网拉回来，因为网里有很多鱼会变得很重。)”说明正确使用渔网需要许多技能，需要下功夫。选项A“学习正确使用渔网需要时间。”概括下文，说明学习正确使用渔网不是一朝一夕那么容易。 5．C上文“Nowadays, people can use more advanced tools to catch fish.(如今，人们可以使用更先进的工具来捕鱼。)”说明现在捕鱼工具很先进，选项C“但是他们中的一些人仍然喜欢使用传统的渔网。”转折语义，虽然捕鱼工具先进，但是一些人仍然喜欢传统渔网。 八、阅读理解 【文章大意】文章主要探讨了海拔高度的相对性，以及海平面作为参考点的历史演变。作者通过个人经历引出对海平面概念的思考，并介绍了其著作中关于平均海平面历史的研究。 1．C细节理解题。根据第一段“But elevation is necessarily relative: only the choice of a reference point allows us to express numerically the height of an object or a location. (但海拔必定是相对的：只有选择一个参考点，我们才能用数字表达一个物体或位置的高度。) ”可知，作者在文章开头指出海拔的概念是相对的。 2．B主旨大意题。根据第三段“Resting on a pass near the Pradidali hut, we began discussing the readings offered by our altimeters (测高仪). Why did they vary ever so slightly from one instrument to the next? This sense of uncertainty led me to think about the meaning of zero. This is how I began my search for the conceptual history of sea level. (在Pradidali小屋附近的山口休息时，我们开始讨论测高仪上的读数。为什么不同仪器之间的读数略有差异？这种不确定性让我开始思考零的含义。这就是我开始探究海平面概念史的原因。)”可推知，本段主要讲述了作者研究工作的起因。 3．C词义猜测题。根据最后一段“Since I began thinking about this project in August 2011, the issue of sea-level rise and the need to place it historically have only become more urgent: between then and the end of 2022 the global sea rose by almost 5 centimeters, about half of the overall rise recorded by satellites since 1993.(自从我在2011年8月开始思考这个项目以来，海平面上升的问题以及将它置于历史背景下的必要性变得愈发紧迫：从那时到2022年底，全球海平面上升了近5厘米，约占自1993年以来卫星记录的总体上升幅度的一半。)”可知，划线词“it”指代前文提到的“the issue of sea-level rise”中的“the issue”，即海平面上升的问题。 4．B推理判断题。通读全文，根据第二段“That the concept has a history is easily ignored. We tend to forget that sea level is a product of technically and culturally determined assumptions. In this book, I tell a story of these assumptions.(这个概念有一段历史很容易被忽视。我们往往忘记海平面是技术和文化决定的假设的产物。在这本书中，我讲述了这些假设的故事。)”以及第四段“In this book I examine three crucial stages in the history of mean sea level.(在这本书中，我考察了平均海平面历史的三个关键阶段。)”可推知，该书主要探讨海平面的历史。因此，这本书最合适的标题是“海平面：一段历史”。 九、七选五 【文章大意】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了如何避免“过度旅游”的现象。 1．B前文“Travel promotes understanding, expands our minds, makes us better people, and boosts local economies and communities, but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions  and destinations.(旅游促进理解，扩展我们的思想，使我们成为更好的人，促进当地经济和社区，但旅游业的快速发展导致了某些地区和目的地的过度旅游)”表明旅游带来了一些问题，后文“The loss of what travel offers would be unacceptable in today’s world.(在当今世界，失去旅行所能提供的东西将是不可接受的)”表示不能失去旅行，结合后文“Certainly not.(当然不)”可知，空处提问能否停止旅行，B选项“那么，我们应该停止旅行吗？”符合语境。 2．C前文“Overvisited destinations are that way for a reason: they’re special. With so many online posts featuring the same places, it’s easy to feel like you’re missing out. Go somewhere only when the landscape, culture or food deeply draws you.(游客过多的目的地是有原因的：它们很特别。网上有这么多关于同一个地方的帖子，很容易让你觉得你错过了。只有当风景、文化或食物深深吸引你时，才去某个地方)”表明不要跟风旅游，C选项“为你而不是其他人旅行”表明要关注自己在旅行时的感受，忠实自己的感受，不用管其余的建议，符合语境。 3．E前文“That means you have tons of less-visited options to choose from.(这意味着你有很多不太受欢迎的选择)及后文“Why not try a regional alternative or check out a popular destination’s lesser-known sights?( 为什么不尝试一个地区性的选择，或者看看一个热门目的地不太为人所知的景点呢)”提出建议，可以选择一些冷门的景点，E选项“你仍然可以找到相对未被发现的地方”符合语境。 4．A空处为小标题，根据后文“Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour.(通过跳过重大节假日或高峰时间来最小化影响并最大化体验)”表示旅游时要注意避开高峰期，选择合适的时间，A选项“在非高峰时间参观”概括本段内容。 5．G前文“Do your part to preserve what makes a destination special in the first place.(尽你的一份力，从一开始就保护一个目的地的特别之处)”表明旅游时应保护旅游景点，后文“You may be amazed how much closer you’ll feel to the people there.(你可能会惊讶地发现你和那里的人感觉如此亲近)”表示这样做的感受，G选项“考虑回馈你所访问的社区”承上启下，符合语境。 2 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 分层作业 Unit 3 Period 4 Extended reading-Assessment 目 录 A组 巩固过关 B组 能力进阶 C组 思维拔高 拓展 链接高考 1、 根据语境，选择框中单词替换句中画线部分的单词或短语，使之意思一致 A．account       B．brief               C． benefit        D．tough         E. approach F. eager           G. unemployed       H. charged        I. perform         J. grateful 1．Left jobless after the factory closed, he still stayed positive. 2．They had a short conversation about their plans for the weekend. 3．We must take immediate action to deal with the way of cultural loss. 4．We should be thankful for the love and care from our family and friends. 5．The local guide gave a detailed description of this beautiful ancient town. 6．Our generation should carry out the duty to pass down these historical traditions. 7．Getting used to senior high school life can be a difficult challenge for new students. 8．As students, we are anxious to make full use of time to study hard and realize our dreams. 9．By taking part in volunteer work, teenagers will get a lot from this meaningful experience. 10．When the earthquake hit, the frightened students rushed out of the building to seek safety. 【答案】 1．G 2．B 3．E 4．J 5．A 6．I 7．D 8．F 9．C 10．H 二、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词 1．He is a f____________ as an artist, but a success as an art teacher. 2．Our government hoped that these measures would ________ (有益于) all the people. 3．It is wise to ________ (寻求) help as soon as possible. 4．I could hardly __________(认出) him when he called me, for he wore sunglasses. 5．Robben Island was a prison from which no one could e__________. 6．The Europeans had hoped to win the game, and, i__________  , they finally won. 7．Tourists come here to a__________ (欣赏；钦佩) the grand stone statues on the square. 8．Li Bai, a great ________ (诗人) in the Tang Dynasty, wrote many famous poems. 9．My good p_________ in the job interview left me optimistic about my future. 10．It is n _________ for students to feel nervous before an exam, and we teachers should comfort them and relieve their tension. 【答案】 1. failure 2. benefit 3. seek 4. recognize 5. escape 6. indeed 7. admire 8. poet 9. performance 10. normal 三、单句语法填空 1．In my opinion, we can use the Internet language on (formal) occasions. 2．She became the first Jamaican woman ever (win) the 100 meters Olympic gold. 3．When you are faced with a (stress) situation, part of your brain will send a signal. 4．On returning home, he (press) to do his homework, which made him upset. 5．David, who has never been devoted to his study, is less likely (pass) the exam. 6．The doctors have decided to give him an (operate)． 7．Her (argue) for outdoor activities is that it can broaden our horizons. 8．One of the things that you want to do as a good (design) is to basically map a new problem into a known field. 9．I was   (annoy) at myself for making such a stupid mistake. 10．You can give a brief (respond) to a message with an emoji or a picture. 【答案】 1. informal 2. to win 3. stressful 4. was pressed 5. to pass 6. operation 7. argument 8. designer 9. annoyed 10. response 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 1．这条路很平坦，容易行走。 The road is ________, making it easy to walk. 2．他的母亲站在门口，看到这一幕，高兴得流下了眼泪。 His mother, standing at the door, _____________________ 3．警察一接到电话，他们就赶到现场，那里发生了交通事故。 The moment the police received the call, they rushed to the scene, _____________________. 4．我永远不会忘记我们毕业的那一天。 I will never forget the day_____________________ . 5．他第一次鼓起勇气在一大群听众面前讲话。 He ________________ to speak in front of a large audience for the first time. 6．屠呦呦是20世纪科学界最有影响力的人物之一。 Tu Youyou was ________________ of science in the 20th century. 7．这家医院每月为低收入家庭提供免费手术。 The hospital offers __________ (免费手术) to low-income families once a month. 8．面对紧急情况，我们应该保持冷静并互相帮助。 ________________, we should keep calm and help each other. 9．如果你能给我们一些关于如何应对这种情况的建议，我将不胜感激。 I would appreciate it if you could give us some advice on ________________. 10．我当然钦佩他，毕竟他是个伟大的作家。 Of course I admire him — ________________, he is a great writer. 【答案】 1. flat/smooth 2. cried tears of joy to see the scene 3. where a traffic accident happened 4. when we graduated 5. gathered his courage 6. one of the most influential figures 7. free operation 8. Faced with emergencies 9. how to cope with the situation 10. after all 五、语法填空 I have a lovely brother. He is 4 years younger than me. I still remember that day when he was born. He is 1 premature baby. When he was a little baby, he always used to cry for no reason and hardly slept. He never allowed me and my parents 2 (sleep) well. As time went by, he 3 (become) a little older. I used to get angry with 4 (he) since he started snatching (抢) all my toys away from me. 5 , my parents taught me that he is my younger brother and I should make him 6 (learn) to share things. Now, 7 we still fight over things, we both love each other deeply. We share the same school and have the same 8 (interest), like doing sports, singing and reading. We do a lot of secret things without informing our parents and if 9 (catch), we will join hands to deal with the situation. Life is fun when we are together. As we are growing old day by day, we are becoming 10 (responsible) for our duties than before. And we know that no matter where we go in life, we both are always there for each other to face the hardships of life. 【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了“我”和弟弟的故事：虽然和弟弟会有争执，但“我们”相亲相爱，共同分享生命中的苦与乐。 1．a 考查冠词。句意：他是一名早产儿。此处泛指“一名早产儿”，且premature以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。 2．to sleep 考查非谓语动词。句意：他从不让我和我父母睡个好觉。allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”，故用sleep“睡觉”的不定式形式to sleep，作宾补。 3．became 考查动词时态。句意：随着时间的流逝，他变老了一些。根据As time went by和句意可知，事情发生在过去，故时态用一般过去时，用become“变得”的过去式became。 4．him 考查代词。句意：自从他开始抢我所有的玩具以来，我常常生他的气。分析句子结构可知，本空填宾格him“他”，作with的宾语。 5．However 考查副词。句意：然而，我的父母告诉我，他是我的弟弟，我应该让他学会分享东西。上一句和本句为转折关系，故用转折副词however“然而”，位于句首，首字母大写。 6．learn 考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，我的父母告诉我，他是我的弟弟，我应该让他学会分享东西。固定搭配make sb. do“让某人做某事”，此处使用省略to的动词不定式，作宾补。 7．although/though 考查让步状语从句。句意：现在，虽然我们仍然为一些事情争吵，但我们都深深地爱着对方。前后句意存在让步关系，应用although/though“虽然”引导让步状语从句。 8．interests 考查名词复数。句意：我们在同一所学校，有相同的爱好，喜欢做运动，唱歌和阅读。根据下文的“like doing sports, singing and reading”可知，共同的爱好很多，应用interest“爱好”的复数形式。 9．caught 考查状语从句的省略。句意：我们做了很多秘密的事情而不告诉我们的父母，如果被发现，我们会联手处理这种情况。当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时或从句主语为it，且从句含有be动词时，可以省略状语从句的主语和be动词。本句中的条件状语从句完整句子为if we are caught，省略we are，保留过去分词。 10．more responsible 考查形容词比较级。句意：随着我们一天天变老，我们比以前更有责任感。根据下文的than可知，本空用比较级 responsible“更有责任感”，作表语。 六、阅读理解 Dear Jack, I remember the moment — it truly hit me that your autism(自闭症) lasted forever. I had already mentally planned our trips up north with the boys. I was going to spend endless hours playing baseball with you — like Grandpa did with me. When we said goodbye to kindergarten I knew it was real. I spent some time being sad. Now you are 8. You still have no words. We have never had one of those father-son moments I pictured when you were a baby. But I’m learning that’s OK. I still have unbelievable things to offer as your dad, even if they weren’t the things I originally expected. You have taught me to be patient. You have taught me that it’s OK to be different and to be sad when life doesn’t go as planned. You have taught me that it is OK to talk about those feelings and fight for what is right. Stand up and say this is wrong, and encourage others to stand up for you and say the same. My job on this earth is to create a world for you and other kids like you. Be the voice you don’t have, and build the kind of community which I want to see you grow up in. I used to shy away from contacting people with disabilities or just not consider them. Before you were born, I was so caught up in my own world that I probably wouldn’t have even noticed. Now, I see things differently. I notice. You did that for me. And hope my example will do that for others. Your mom and I have spent 8 years trying to find your voice. And honestly, we don’t know if we ever will. I promise you I will spend my life keeping you safe and making this world better for you. 1．What can be learned about the author? A．He is at a loss what to do to help Jack. B．He is to blame for Jack’s present condition. C．He has changed his attitude to the disabled. D．He hasn’t accepted the reality up to now. 2．How does the author sound in the text? A．Ashamed. B．Caring. C．Regretful. D．Indifferent. 3．In which section of a magazine may this text appear? A．Science. B．Entertainment. C．Sports. D．Relationship. 【文章大意】这是一篇应用文。本文是一篇父亲写给自闭症儿子的信，信中充满关爱;作者说从儿子那里学到了如何与残疾人相处、如何更好地与儿子相处，信最后，作者说虽不知道儿子是否能说话，但他会全力保护儿子。 1．C推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的句子“I used to shy away from contacting people with disabilities or just not consider them.(我过去常常回避与残疾人接触，或者根本不考虑他们。)”和“Before you were born, I was so caught up in my own world that I probably wouldn’t have even noticed. Now, I see things differently. I notice.(在你出生之前，我太沉迷于自己的世界了，我可能都没有注意到。现在，我的看法不同了。我注意到了)”可知，作者在儿子出生之前常回避与残疾人接触，或者干脆不考虑他们，现在作者的看法不同了，他注意到了残疾人，所以作者改变了对残疾人的看法。 2．B推理判断题。由第三段的句子“You have taught me to be patient. You have taught me that it’s OK to be different and to be sad when life doesn’t go as planned.(你教会了我要有耐心。你教会了我，当生活没有按计划进行时，你可以与众不同，也可以难过)”和最后一段的句子“I promise you I will spend my life keeping you safe and making this world better for you.(我向你保证，我会用我的一生来保护你，让这个世界变得更美好)”可知，作者说儿子教会了他很多东西，作者承诺会保护儿子的安全，让这个世界为儿子变得更美好，说明作者是以一种关爱的口吻写这封信的。 3．D推理判断题。本文是一篇父亲写给自闭症儿子的信，信中充满关爱;作者说从儿子那里学到了如何与残疾人相处、如何更好地与儿子相处，信最后，作者说虽不知道儿子是否能说话，但他会全力保护儿子。所以写的是关于家庭成员间的情感故事，故会出现在杂志的Relationship(关系)专栏。 七、七选五 A cast net is a kind of fishing net (渔网) that is designed to be thrown out into the water and then pulled back with fish. 1 Some objects from ancient Greece, Rome, and China can prove the long history of them. A basic cast net is a big circle of netting with weighty edges (边缘). As a general rule, a cast net is designed to be thrown by hand, but it’s also possible to use a net thrower, especially for big nets. 2 Cast nets are designed for use in water which isn’t deep and is free of objects such as plants and rocks. To use a cast net, the fisherman throws the lightweight net out onto the water, where it spreads out. 3 As the net nears the bottom of the water, it’s pulled closed and pulled back with a lot of fish. 4 These nets are easy to tangle (缠结) if they are not used and stored carefully. They also have to be checked often for holes requiring repair. And one needs to be fairly strong to pull the net back since the net can get very heavy with a lot of fish. Nowadays, people can use more advanced tools to catch fish. 5 They think it can be pleasant to work with a cast net once one has learned the skills. Besides, some people have an interest in old-fashioned fishing ways. A．Learning to properly use cast nets can take time. B．Before fishing, one must buy some advanced tools. C．But some of them still enjoy using a traditional cast net. D．People have been using cast nets for thousands of years. E．That’s because these nets can be hard to control by hand. F．The fish are kept in a certain water area to avoid running away. G．Then it begins to fall very rapidly thanks to the weighty edges. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。讲述了渔网的历史发展和使用技术。 1．D下文“Some objects from ancient Greece, Rome, and China can prove the long history of them. (来自古希腊、罗马和中国的一些物品可以证明它们的悠久历史。)”证明它们的历史悠久，选项D“人们使用渔网已有几千年的历史。”引领下文，说明渔网有悠久的历史。下文中them指选项中cast nets，语义一致。 2．E上文“As a general rule, a cast net is designed to be thrown by hand, but it’s also possible to use a net thrower, especially for big nets. (一般来说，抛网是用手扔的，但也可以使用抛网器，尤其是大网。)”说明大网不用手抛，而用抛网器，选项E“这是因为这些网很难用手控制。”和上文是因果关系，因为大网很难用手控制，所以用抛网器。 3．G上文“To use a cast net, the fisherman throws the lightweight net out onto the water, where it spreads out. (使用撒网时，渔夫把轻质的网抛到水面上，然后撒开。)”和下文“As the net nears the bottom of the water, it’s pulled closed and pulled back with a lot of fish.(当渔网接近水底时，它被收紧，然后带着许多鱼被拉回。)”讲解撒网打渔的过程，选项G“然后，由于边缘很重，它开始迅速下降。”承上启下，说明渔网撒开后，迅速下降，最后接近水底，收紧拉回。 4．A下文“These nets are easy to tangle (缠结) if they are not used and stored carefully. They also have to be checked often for holes requiring repair. And one needs to be fairly strong to pull the net back since the net can get very heavy with a lot of fish. (这些网如果不小心使用和存放，很容易打结。它们还必须经常检查是否有需要修补的孔洞。人们需要相当强壮才能把网拉回来，因为网里有很多鱼会变得很重。)”说明正确使用渔网需要许多技能，需要下功夫。选项A“学习正确使用渔网需要时间。”概括下文，说明学习正确使用渔网不是一朝一夕那么容易。 5．C上文“Nowadays, people can use more advanced tools to catch fish.(如今，人们可以使用更先进的工具来捕鱼。)”说明现在捕鱼工具很先进，选项C“但是他们中的一些人仍然喜欢使用传统的渔网。”转折语义，虽然捕鱼工具先进，但是一些人仍然喜欢传统渔网。 八、阅读理解 （2026·全国二卷）The peak of Mount Qomolangma, 8,849 meters above sea level. Chimborazo, 6,263 m; Mont Blanc, 4,806 m; Pradidali hut, at the foot of the Pala group in the Dolomites, 2,278 m. It is common practice to provide the elevation (高度) of a place. Simple readings are now readily available on our phones and wearables. But elevation is necessarily relative: only the choice of a reference point allows us to express numerically the height of an object or a location. The idea of sea level as a reference point for elevations has by now been around for so long as to go essentially unnoticed-we mention it without even considering what it means. That the concept has a history is easily ignored. We tend to forget that sea level is a product of technically and culturally determined assumptions. In this book, I tell a story of these assumptions. Appropriately, the book took shape during a summer spent between sea and mountains. A month after visiting the French Riviera and enjoying the sandy beaches of Nice and Menton, I went hiking with friends in the Pala group. Resting on a pass near the Pradidali hut, we began discussing the readings offered by our altimeters (测高仪). Why did they vary ever so slightly from one instrument to the next? This sense of uncertainty led me to think about the meaning of zero. This is how I began my search for the conceptual history of sea level. In this book I examine three crucial stages in the history of mean sea level. These stages mirror the development of human conceptions of the sea. Since I began thinking about this project in August 2011, the issue of sea-level rise and the need to place it historically have only become more urgent: between then and the end of 2022 the global sea rose by almost 5 centimeters, about half of the overall rise recorded by satellites since 1993. 1．What does the author point out at the beginning of the text? A．Some mountains are getting higher. B．Data on wearables are misleading. C．The concept of elevation is relative. D．The reference point is hard to locate. 2．What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A．How the altimeter was invented. B．What initiated the author’s research. C．Why the digital readings varied. D．Where the author spent his holiday. 3．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in the last paragraph? A．The book. B．The project. C．The issue. D．The development. 4．What can be the title of the book mentioned in the text? A．The Altimeter: A Must-Have B．Sea Level: A History C．Meaning of Zero: Nothing or Everything D．Mountains to Seas: Ups and Downs 【文章大意】文章主要探讨了海拔高度的相对性，以及海平面作为参考点的历史演变。作者通过个人经历引出对海平面概念的思考，并介绍了其著作中关于平均海平面历史的研究。 1．C细节理解题。根据第一段“But elevation is necessarily relative: only the choice of a reference point allows us to express numerically the height of an object or a location. (但海拔必定是相对的：只有选择一个参考点，我们才能用数字表达一个物体或位置的高度。) ”可知，作者在文章开头指出海拔的概念是相对的。 2．B主旨大意题。根据第三段“Resting on a pass near the Pradidali hut, we began discussing the readings offered by our altimeters (测高仪). Why did they vary ever so slightly from one instrument to the next? This sense of uncertainty led me to think about the meaning of zero. This is how I began my search for the conceptual history of sea level. (在Pradidali小屋附近的山口休息时，我们开始讨论测高仪上的读数。为什么不同仪器之间的读数略有差异？这种不确定性让我开始思考零的含义。这就是我开始探究海平面概念史的原因。)”可推知，本段主要讲述了作者研究工作的起因。 3．C词义猜测题。根据最后一段“Since I began thinking about this project in August 2011, the issue of sea-level rise and the need to place it historically have only become more urgent: between then and the end of 2022 the global sea rose by almost 5 centimeters, about half of the overall rise recorded by satellites since 1993.(自从我在2011年8月开始思考这个项目以来，海平面上升的问题以及将它置于历史背景下的必要性变得愈发紧迫：从那时到2022年底，全球海平面上升了近5厘米，约占自1993年以来卫星记录的总体上升幅度的一半。)”可知，划线词“it”指代前文提到的“the issue of sea-level rise”中的“the issue”，即海平面上升的问题。 4．B推理判断题。通读全文，根据第二段“That the concept has a history is easily ignored. We tend to forget that sea level is a product of technically and culturally determined assumptions. In this book, I tell a story of these assumptions.(这个概念有一段历史很容易被忽视。我们往往忘记海平面是技术和文化决定的假设的产物。在这本书中，我讲述了这些假设的故事。)”以及第四段“In this book I examine three crucial stages in the history of mean sea level.(在这本书中，我考察了平均海平面历史的三个关键阶段。)”可推知，该书主要探讨海平面的历史。因此，这本书最合适的标题是“海平面：一段历史”。 九、七选五 （2024·新课标I卷）Overtourism Is For Real: How Can You Help? Travel promotes understanding, expands our minds, makes us better people, and boosts local economies and communities, but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and destinations. 1 Certainly not. The loss of what travel offers would be unacceptable in today’s world. Here are some tips on making wise decisions to minimize pressure on the places we visit and improve our experience. ●Choose mindfully. Overvisited destinations are that way for a reason: they’re special. With so many online posts featuring the same places, it’s easy to feel like you’re missing out. Go somewhere only when the landscape, culture or food deeply draws you. 2 ●Get creative. The best way to ease pressure on over-touristed destinations is to go somewhere else. Though overtourism is described as a problem affecting the entire world, it’s actually concentrated to a small number of extremely popular spots. That means you have tons of less-visited options to choose from. 3 Why not try a regional alternative or check out a popular destination’s lesser-known sights? ● 4 Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour. You’ll compete with fewer tourists, save money, experience a different side of a popular place, and boost the economy when tourism is traditionally slower. Visiting a place that others call home is a privilege (荣幸). Do your part to preserve what makes a destination special in the first place. 5 You may be amazed how much closer you’ll feel to the people there. A．Visit during off-peak times. B．So, should we stop traveling? C．Travel for you and no one else. D．Can overtourism be avoided then? E．You can still find relatively undiscovered places. F．You’ll find yourself virtually alone, or close to it. G．Consider giving back to the communities you’re visiting. 【文章大意】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了如何避免“过度旅游”的现象。 1．B前文“Travel promotes understanding, expands our minds, makes us better people, and boosts local economies and communities, but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions  and destinations.(旅游促进理解，扩展我们的思想，使我们成为更好的人，促进当地经济和社区，但旅游业的快速发展导致了某些地区和目的地的过度旅游)”表明旅游带来了一些问题，后文“The loss of what travel offers would be unacceptable in today’s world.(在当今世界，失去旅行所能提供的东西将是不可接受的)”表示不能失去旅行，结合后文“Certainly not.(当然不)”可知，空处提问能否停止旅行，B选项“那么，我们应该停止旅行吗？”符合语境。 2．C前文“Overvisited destinations are that way for a reason: they’re special. With so many online posts featuring the same places, it’s easy to feel like you’re missing out. Go somewhere only when the landscape, culture or food deeply draws you.(游客过多的目的地是有原因的：它们很特别。网上有这么多关于同一个地方的帖子，很容易让你觉得你错过了。只有当风景、文化或食物深深吸引你时，才去某个地方)”表明不要跟风旅游，C选项“为你而不是其他人旅行”表明要关注自己在旅行时的感受，忠实自己的感受，不用管其余的建议，符合语境。 3．E前文“That means you have tons of less-visited options to choose from.(这意味着你有很多不太受欢迎的选择)及后文“Why not try a regional alternative or check out a popular destination’s lesser-known sights?( 为什么不尝试一个地区性的选择，或者看看一个热门目的地不太为人所知的景点呢)”提出建议，可以选择一些冷门的景点，E选项“你仍然可以找到相对未被发现的地方”符合语境。 4．A空处为小标题，根据后文“Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour.(通过跳过重大节假日或高峰时间来最小化影响并最大化体验)”表示旅游时要注意避开高峰期，选择合适的时间，A选项“在非高峰时间参观”概括本段内容。 5．G前文“Do your part to preserve what makes a destination special in the first place.(尽你的一份力，从一开始就保护一个目的地的特别之处)”表明旅游时应保护旅游景点，后文“You may be amazed how much closer you’ll feel to the people there.(你可能会惊讶地发现你和那里的人感觉如此亲近)”表示这样做的感受，G选项“考虑回馈你所访问的社区”承上启下，符合语境。 4 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $