第三次月考考前冲刺・重点必考词汇变形 100 题（Units 5-6）- 2025-2026 学年译林版八年级下册英语

**基本信息** 聚焦译林版八年级下册Units 5-6核心词汇变形，通过分层题型系统强化词汇形义转换与语境应用能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |根据中文提示写单词形式|35题|考查单词拼写及基本形式转换|围绕Units 5-6核心词汇，覆盖名词、动词、形容词等词性转换及固定搭配，构建词汇形义结合的逻辑体系，提升语言能力与学习能力| |用括号内单词适当形式填空|35题|侧重词性转换与语法应用| |首字母提示补全句子|30题|强调词汇语境理解与首字母联想|

答案解析 一、根据中文提示写出单词的正确形式（共35小题；每小题1分，满分35分） 1. competition；解析：名词，意为“比赛”，singing competition为固定搭配，表“歌唱比赛”。 2. charity；解析：名词，意为“慈善机构”，定冠词the后接名词，作句子主语。 3. influence；解析：名词，意为“影响”，have a lifelong influence on为固定搭配，表“对……有终身影响”。 4. ability；解析：名词，意为“能力”，不定冠词a后接单数名词，have a natural ability to do sth表“天生有做某事的能力”。 5. seat belt；解析：名词短语，意为“安全带”，固定搭配，wear a seat belt表“系安全带”。 6. donate；解析：动词原形，意为“捐赠”，decide to do sth为固定搭配，表“决定做某事”。 7. blind；解析：形容词，意为“瞎的”，修饰名词man，作前置定语。 8. own；解析：动词原形，意为“拥有”，hope to do sth为固定搭配，表“希望做某事”。 9. refuse；解析：动词原形，意为“拒绝”，should后接动词原形，refuse to do sth表“拒绝做某事”。 10. host；解析：名词，意为“主人”，host families为固定搭配，表“寄宿家庭”。 11. politeness；解析：名词，意为“礼貌”，show后接名词，作宾语。 12. address；解析：动词原形，意为“称呼”，should后接动词原形，address sb表“称呼某人”。 13. congratulations；解析：名词复数，意为“祝贺”，send congratulations to sb为固定搭配，表“向某人祝贺”，常用复数形式。 14. tap；解析：名词，意为“水龙头”，定冠词the后接名词，turn off the tap表“关掉水龙头”。 15. suffer；解析：动词原形，意为“遭受”，suffer from为固定搭配，表“遭受……（痛苦、疾病）”。 16. diseases；解析：名词复数，意为“疾病”，many后接可数名词复数形式。 17. remind；解析：动词原形，意为“提醒”，please后接动词原形，remind sb to do sth表“提醒某人做某事”。 18. expect；解析：动词原形，意为“期望”，主语parents为复数，谓语动词用原形，expect sth from sb表“对某人寄予期望”。 19. deaf；解析：形容词，意为“聋的”，修饰名词students，作前置定语。 20. reply；解析：动词原形，意为“回复”，need to do sth为固定搭配，表“需要做某事”，reply to表“回复”。 21. openly；解析：副词，意为“公开地”，修饰动词show，副词修饰动词。 22. instead of；解析：介词短语，意为“代替”，后接名词、代词或动名词，符合句意。 23. praise；解析：名词，意为“称赞”，win后接名词，作宾语，praise为不可数名词。 24. differently；解析：副词，意为“不同地”，修饰动词treat，副词修饰动词。 25. realize；解析：动词原形，意为“意识到”，too late to do sth为固定搭配，表“做某事太晚了”。 26. patiently；解析：副词，意为“耐心地”，修饰动词explain，副词修饰动词。 27. litter；解析：名词，意为“垃圾”，不可数名词，clean up the litter表“清理垃圾”。 28. manners；解析：名词复数，意为“礼仪”，good manners为固定搭配，表“好礼仪”，常用复数形式。 29. absent；解析：形容词，意为“缺席的”，be absent from为固定搭配，表“缺席……”。 30. service；解析：名词，意为“服务”，free medical service表“免费医疗服务”，不可数名词。 31. even though；解析：连词短语，意为“即使，尽管”，引导让步状语从句。 32. promised；解析：动词过去式，意为“许诺”，根据从句would可知主句用一般过去时，promise sb sth表“向某人许诺某事”。 33. discussion；解析：名词，意为“讨论”，have a warm discussion为固定搭配，表“热烈讨论”。 34. behave；解析：动词原形，意为“表现”，it’s important for sb to do sth为固定句型，表“对某人来说做某事很重要”。 35. on time；解析：介词短语，意为“准时”，作状语，修饰动词arrive。 二、用括号内单词的正确形式填空（共35小题；每小题1分，满分35分） 1. moved；解析：过去分词，move为动词，be moved to tears为固定搭配，表“感动得流泪”，被动含义。 2. greatly；解析：副词，great为形容词，其副词形式为greatly（非常），修饰动词help。 3. disabilities；解析：名词复数，ability为名词“能力”，其反义词disability（缺陷），intellectual disabilities表“智力缺陷”，常用复数。 4. peaceful；解析：形容词，peace为名词，其形容词形式为peaceful（安宁的），修饰名词neighbourhood。 5. tasty；解析：形容词，taste为动词，其形容词形式为tasty（美味的），与healthy并列修饰vegetables。 6. earphones；解析：名词复数，earphone为可数名词，常用复数形式earphones（耳机）。 7. respectfully；解析：副词，respect为动词，其副词形式为respectfully（尊敬地），修饰动词speak。 8. pushing；解析：动名词，avoid为介词，后接动名词形式，avoid doing sth表“避免做某事”。 9. openly；解析：副词，open为形容词/动词，其副词形式为openly（公开地），修饰动词talk。 10. was replying；解析：动词过去进行时，根据后半句didn’t answer可知，当时正在回复邮件，用过去进行时，主语Mr Li为单数，be动词用was。 11. behaviour；解析：名词，behave为动词，其名词形式为behaviour（表现），作句子主语。 12. politeness；解析：名词，polite为形容词，其名词形式为politeness（礼貌），learn后接名词作宾语。 13. normally；解析：副词，normal为形容词，其副词形式为normally（通常），修饰动词use；addressing；解析：动名词，介词in后接动名词形式。 14. patiently；解析：副词，patient为形容词/名词，其副词形式为patiently（耐心地），修饰动词wait。 15. manners；解析：名词复数，manner为可数名词，good manners为固定搭配，表“好礼仪”，常用复数。 16. chemistry；解析：名词，chemical为形容词/名词，其名词形式chemistry（化学），作动词teach的宾语。 17. smoothly；解析：副词，smooth为形容词，其副词形式为smoothly（顺利地），修饰动词run。 18. competition；解析：名词，compete为动词，其名词形式为competition（比赛），定冠词the后接名词。 19. unnecessary；解析：形容词，necessary为形容词“必要的”，其反义词unnecessary（不必要的），符合句意。 20. elderly；解析：形容词，elder为名词/形容词，the elderly为固定搭配，表“老年人”。 21. discussion；解析：名词，discuss为动词，其名词形式为discussion（讨论），hold a discussion为固定搭配。 22. achievement；解析：名词，achieve为动词，其名词形式为achievement（成就），作句子主语。 23. donation；解析：名词，donate为动词，其名词形式为donation（捐赠），作句子主语。 24. had been suffering；解析：动词过去完成进行时，by the time引导时间状语从句，主句动作持续到从句动作发生，用过去完成进行时。 25. operation；解析：名词，operate为动词，其名词形式为operation（手术），do an operation为固定搭配。 26. to behave；解析：动词不定式，remind sb to do sth为固定搭配，表“提醒某人做某事”。 27. absence；解析：名词，absent为形容词，其名词形式为absence（缺席），形容词long后接名词。 28. disabilities；解析：名词复数，disable为动词，其名词形式为disability（缺陷），kinds of后接名词复数。 29. popularity；解析：名词，popular为形容词，其名词形式为popularity（受欢迎），enjoy great popularity为固定搭配。 30. north-eastern；解析：形容词，north-east为名词，其形容词形式为north-eastern（东北的），修饰名词town。 31. confidence；解析：名词，confident为形容词，其名词形式为confidence（信心），give sb sth为固定搭配。 32. different；解析：形容词，修饰名词manners；differently；解析：副词，修饰动词act；differences；解析：名词复数，形容词性物主代词their后接名词复数。 33. congratulations；解析：名词复数，congratulate为动词，其名词形式为congratulations（祝贺），常用复数形式。 34. western；解析：形容词，west为名词，其形容词形式为western（西部的），修饰名词Australia。 35. voluntary；解析：形容词，volunteer为名词/动词，其形容词形式为voluntary（自愿的），作表语。 三、根据首字母提示完成句子（共30小题；每小题1分，满分30分） 1. medals；解析：名词复数，意为“奖牌”，many后接可数名词复数，gold medals表“金牌”。 2. tap；解析：名词，意为“水龙头”，定冠词the后接名词，leave the tap running表“让水龙头一直开着”。 3. modest；解析：形容词，意为“谦虚的”，修饰名词boy，根据“从不公开接受表扬”可知答案。 4. cheat；解析：动词原形，意为“作弊”，don’t后接动词原形，cheat in the exam表“考试作弊”。 5. loudly；解析：副词，意为“大声地”，修饰动词shout，as loudly as sb could表“尽可能大声地”。 6. deaf；解析：形容词，意为“聋的”，修饰名词people，根据“听不见任何声音”可知答案。 7. manners；解析：名词复数，意为“礼仪”，good manners为固定搭配，表“好礼仪”。 8. blind；解析：形容词，意为“瞎的”，修饰名词man，根据“看不见任何东西”可知答案。 9. background；解析：名词，意为“背景”，background information表“背景信息”，符合句意。 10. pleased；解析：形容词，意为“高兴的”，be pleased to do sth为固定搭配，表“乐意做某事”。 11. spare；解析：形容词，意为“空闲的”，in one’s spare time为固定搭配，表“在某人空闲时间”。 12. competition；解析：名词，意为“比赛”，singing competition表“歌唱比赛”，hold a competition为固定搭配。 13. tasty；解析：形容词，意为“美味的”，修饰名词food，符合“让我们感到自在”的语境。 14. unless；解析：连词，意为“除非”，引导条件状语从句，符合句意。 15. impolite；解析：形容词，意为“不礼貌的”，be动词后接形容词，根据“让别人久等”可知是不礼貌的。 16. litter；解析：名词，意为“垃圾”，不可数名词，drop litter in the street表“在街上扔垃圾”。 17. trouble；解析：动词原形，意为“麻烦”，won’t后接动词原形，trouble sb表“麻烦某人”。 18. donate；解析：动词原形，意为“捐赠”，can后接动词原形，donate pocket money表“捐零花钱”。 19. ability；解析：名词，意为“能力”，have the ability to do sth为固定搭配，表“有做某事的能力”。 20. necessary；解析：形容词，意为“必要的”，it’s necessary for sb to do sth为固定句型。 21. discussion；解析：名词，意为“讨论”，have a discussion为固定搭配，表“进行讨论”。 22. push；解析：动词原形，意为“挤开”，don’t后接动词原形，push past others表“挤过别人”。 23. case；解析：名词，意为“情况”，in case为固定搭配，表“以防万一”。 24. cross；解析：动词原形，意为“穿过”，when后接动词原形，cross the street表“过马路”。 25. courage；解析：名词，意为“勇气”，不可数名词，with confidence and courage表“充满信心和勇气”。 26. silver；解析：名词，意为“沉默”，speech is silver and silence is gold为谚语，表“沉默是金”。 27. expect；解析：动词原形，意为“期望”，主语we为复数，谓语动词用原形，expect sth to be表“期望某事是……”。 28. charity；解析：名词，意为“慈善”，不可数名词，do something for charity表“为慈善做些事”。 29. promise；解析：动词原形，意为“许诺”，主语I为第一人称，谓语动词用原形，promise to do sth表“许诺做某事”。 30. hospitable；解析：形容词，意为“好客的”，修饰名词people，根据“总是往盘子里夹菜”可知答案。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $夯实词汇基础・突破变形考点・单元专项精练 译林版（2024）八年级下册第三次月考（Units 5-6） 重点必考词汇变形100题 学校：______________ 班级：______________ 姓名：______________ （考试时间：60分钟 满分：100分） 一、根据中文提示写出单词的正确形式。（共35小题；每小题1分，满分35分） 1．The singing ________ (比赛) attracted over 200 participants from different high schools. 2．The ________ (慈善机构) is trying to raise money for poor children. 3．The famous scientist had a lifelong ________ (影响) on the development of modern medicine. 4．The young teacher has a natural ________ (能力) to explain difficult ideas in simple words. 5．Wearing a ________ ________ (安全带) is one of the most important traffic rules. 6．They decided to ________ (捐赠) all the money raised from the charity concert to the children’s hospital. 7．The ________ (瞎的) man is crossing the street with the help of his guide dog. 8．John hopes to ________ (拥有) a small blue bike by saving his pocket money every week. 9．You should ________ (拒绝) to do impolite things like pushing in line. 10．The students from the UK thanked their ________ (主人) families for the hospitality. 11．Showing ________ (礼貌) to the elderly on the bus made my parents very proud of me. 12．Students should often ________ (称呼) teachers and elders in a formal way. 13．It is polite to send warm ________ (祝贺) to your friends when they achieve success. 14．Please turn off the ________ (水龙头) after you finish washing your hands. 15．Many office workers ________ ________ (遭受) from neck pain because of poor sitting posture. 16．Eating too much salt can increase the risk of many serious ________ (疾病) like hypertension (高血压). 17．Please ________ (提醒) me to call my grandmother before she goes to bed tonight. 18．Most parents ________ (期望) too much from their children, which may cause unnecessary stress. 19．She learned sign language to communicate with her ________ (聋的) students. 20．I need to ________ to my friend’s email before dinner. (回复) 21．Outgoing children prefer showing their feelings ________ (公开地) to controlling them within themselves. 22． I decided to bring fruit ________ ________ candies as a small gift. (代替) 23．Her wonderful performance at the school art festival won ________ (称赞) from teachers and students. 24．People in different countries may ________ (不同地) treat guests because of their own cultures. 25．It was too late to ________ (意识到) he was wrong to cut in on his classmate. 26．Our teacher explained the problem _________ (耐心地), so we understood it clearly. 27．The workers will clean up the ________ that people leave on the grass or paths. (垃圾) 28．When we meet people we know in the park, we should show good ________ (礼仪) like saying “hello”. 29．Li Ming was ________ (缺席) from the last volunteer work as he was looking after his sick grandma. 30．This community centre provides free medical ________ (服务) for the old who live alone. 31．Leifeng always tried to help others ________ ________ (即使，尽管) he wasn’t rich. 32．I ________ (许诺) Li Ming I would keep the secret to myself. 33．We had a warm ________ (讨论) about how to be a polite person in our class meeting. 34．It’s important for students to ________ (表现) well in class and respect their teachers. 35．Don’t be late for school. Arrive ________ ________ (准时). 二、用括号内单词的正确形式填空。（共35小题；每小题1分，满分35分） 1．Jessica was ________ (move) to tears after hearing the story. 2．She ________ (great) helps the people in need in her free time. 3．Don’t look down on those girls who were born with intellectual ________ (ability). 4．We all hope to live in a ________ (peace) and harmonious neighbourhood. 5．This new cooking method helps keep vegetables healthy and ________ (taste). 6．It’s harmful to your ears when you listen to very loud music with ________ (earphone). 7．When asking questions in class, you should speak ________ (respect) to your teachers. 8．We should avoid ________ (push) past strangers in crowded public places. 9．He advises me to talk ________ (open) about the situation even though I don’t like it. 10．Mr Li ________ (reply) to an important email, so he didn’t answer the phone right away. 11．His ________ (behave) in public makes everyone like him very much. 12．We should learn ________ (polite) when we talk with old people. 13．For example, they ________ (normal) use nin ________ (address) others in a formal situation. 14．The old man ________ (patient) waited for his grandson at the school gate for nearly two hours. 15．We should learn good ________ (manner) from daily life. 16．Yang Yu, a student from a university in Nanjing, taught ________(chemical) at a high school in a small town in Qinghai Province. 17．I prefer taking the high-speed train to the plane, because it runs very ________ (smooth). 18．He looked happily at his son when he heard that his son had got first prize in the ________ (compete). 19．There are forty minutes left, so it’s ________ (necessary) to run to the bus stop. 20．I think we students should give our seats to the ________ (elder) on the bus. 21．They held a ________ (discuss) about the volunteer plan yesterday. 22．Her ________ (achieve) in the volunteer work makes us proud. 23．His ________ (donate) helps many poor children go back to school. 24．By the time the ambulance arrived, the elderly man ________ (suffer) from a heart attack for nearly twenty minutes. 25．The doctor will do an ________ (operate) on the poor child tomorrow. 26．The teacher reminds me ________ (behave) well at school tomorrow. 27．Mr Chen was surprised to see the fast development in his hometown after his long ________ (absent). 28．The Paralympic Winter Games give athletes with different kinds of ________ (disable) a chance to show their skills. 29．The volunteer buddy program enjoys great ________ (popular) among the students in Wuxi. 30．They are building a new school in a ________ (north-east) town. 31．A little praise can give someone the ________ (confident) to try new things and believe in themselves. 32．People around the world have ________ manners, so they may act ________. It’s polite to respect their ________. (different) 33．Please send him my warmest ________ (congratulate) on his graduation. 34．He decided to do something about reforesting man-made wastes of ________ (west) Australia. 35．I have learned that the organization is ________ (volunteer) and it does not run for money. 三、根据首字母提示完成句子。（共30小题；每小题1分，满分30分） 1．The Chinese team won many gold m________ in the Paralympic Winter Games. 2．We shouldn’t leave the t________ running when we brush our teeth. 3．He is a m________ boy. He never accepts praise openly. 4．Don’t c________ in the exam. You should be an honest student. 5．Tom shouted to Alice as l________ as he could. But she didn’t hear him. 6．The d________ people can’t hear anything and we should speak to them loudly. 7．Good m________ make us popular with others. 8．The poor man is b________, so he can’t see anything and needs a guide dog. 9．We need to know the b________ information on the story before we start to read it carefully. 10．We will be p_________ to answer any of your questions you will have. 11．In my s_________ time, I often listen to music and sing songs. These hobbies make me feel relaxed and happy. 12．Our school will organize and hold a singing c________ to celebrate the art festival. 13．The host served us some t________ local food to make us feel at home. 14．You won’t get enough vitamins u________ you include more fruits and vegetables in your everyday meals. 15．It’s i________ to keep others waiting for long without telling them the reasons. 16．We shouldn’t drop l________ in the street. We should keep our city clean. 17．I hope that my request won’t t________ you too much, but I really need your help. 18．We can d________ our pocket money to the poor children. 19．He has the a________ to finish the work on time. 20．It’s n________ for us to learn some basic living skills. 21．They are having a d________ about how to help the homeless. 22．Don’t p________ past others in crowded places. 23．Look out! The ground in the hall is very wet. We’d better make it dry in c________ someone falls over. 24．Please be careful when you c_________ the street. 25．With enough confidence and c________, we managed to reach the top of the mountain. 26．There is an old saying, speech is s________ and silence is gold. 27．We all e________ the volunteer activity to be meaningful, and it really touched all of us. 28．We can do something for c________ to help people in need. 29．I p________ to keep my word and never be late for the class meeting again. 30．Chinese people are very h________, so they often keep putting food on your plate. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $