Unit 2 reading 教材考点词汇笔记及题型训练2026-2027学年译林版八年级英语上册

该初中英语知识清单聚焦8A U2阅读模块考点词汇及重难点句型，构建从基础用法到易混辨析再到拓展应用的学习支架。先解析词汇词性、比较级等基础考点，再通过表格对比易混词汇，结合句型结构分析，最后以实际运用题巩固，形成连贯知识链。 知识链路逻辑清晰，通过“考点精析+联想拓展+对比表格”提升语言能力，借助多样化题型训练思维品质。跨单元复习（如attention关联9A U1）强化知识迁移，习题涵盖单选、翻译等，助力学生掌握科学学习方法，培养自主学习能力。

8A U2 reading教材考点笔记 考点词汇及重难点句型全解 1.few det.&adj.不多，很少 few →(比较级) fewer →(最高级)the fewest →few pron.很少人(或事物、地方) [考点1] a few + [C] n.复数 一些 ◆a few 一些 ◆quite a few 相当多，不少 [考点2] 看到提示词：even，much，than，a lot，上下文语境：使用比较级 →(比较级)fewer 意为“更少的”,修饰可数名词复数。 ☆Fewer people smoke now. 现在吸烟的人更少了。 [考点3] →(最高级)fewest (考察单词拼写) ▲In the competition,Linda came first as she made the fewest (few) mistakes. 2.[常考辨析][中考考点] a few , few, a little与 little 易混词汇 含义 用法 a few 一些，少量，几个，有一些 表示肯定的含义，修饰可数名词复数 few 不多(的);少数(的);不多,少许;略微 表示否定的含义，修饰可数名词复数 a little 一点儿;一些;有一点儿，有一些 表示肯定的含义，修饰不可数名词 little 少量,很少；几乎没有；略微 表示否定的含义，修饰不可数名词 常见搭配： ◆only a few = just a few 仅一些 ◆quite a few = many 很多；相当多 ◆only a little = just a little 仅一点儿 ◆quite a little = much 很多 [中考考点总结] 表肯定含义 表否定含义 后接名词 “几乎没有” “一点儿;几个” little a little 不可数名词 few a few 可数名词复数 【复习回顾——little】 [考点精析] little pron.&det.不多的，少数的 [联想拓展] little adj.小的，带有感情色彩，指“小得可爱”,前面常有表示感情的形容词，如pretty，sweet，nice，poor等。 [考点精析] ▲little adv.不多，少许；略微 adj.小的；可爱的 ▲little在此句中作副词，“不多，少许；略微”，little也可作形容词修饰不可数名词， [单选常考混淆辨析] ▲little修饰不可数名词，表示否定意义； ▲few修饰可数名词复数，表示否定意义； ▲a little修饰不可数名词，表示肯定意义； ▲a few修饰可数名词复数，表示肯定意义。 [考点训练-实际运用] 1.Although he is new in this city,he doesn't feel lonely because he has friends. A.a few B.few C.a little D.little 2.树上没几个苹果。 There are apples on the tree. ◎参考答案 1.A 2.few 3.foreign (考察单词意思) adj.外国的 ，在句中作定语或表语。 ◆many foreign visitors ◆foreign languages ▲an important foreign language ☆Learning foreign languages is fun. 学习外语很有趣。 ☆It's not easy to learn a foreign language. 学习一门外语不容易。 →foreigner n.外国人 ☆Are there any foreigners in your city? 在你们城市有外国人吗? 4.as adv.和…一样 ◆as ... as ... 和…一样… ◆as +形容词/副词原级+as... →as simple as 和……一样简单 →as important as 和……一样重要 ▲Our school is not very big but is as beautiful as theirs (they) 5.French n.法语；法国人 ◆the French 表示全体“法国人” ▲I am new in France,but I can speak a little French . ☆Among all my subjects,I like French best. 在所有科目中，我最喜欢法语。 ☆Can you speak French? 你会说法语吗? ☆Canadians speak English and French. 加拿大人说英语和法语。 →French adj. 法国的；法国人的；法语的 →France n.法国，法兰西 →Frenchman n.法国人 →(复数)Frenchmen ◆a Frenchman 表示一个“法国人” [考点精析] [联想拓展] ▲① French还可用作形容词，意为“法国的；法国人的；法语的” ☆French red wine is very famous. 法国的红酒非常著名。 ▲②French用作名词，意为“法国人”,the French表示总称，无复数形式，但表示复数概念。 ▲③Frenchman是名词，意为“法国人”,其复数形式是Frenchmen。 ▲④France是名词，意为“法国”。 ☆We are going to France to spend our holidays. 我们将去法国度假。 [考点训练-实际运用] 3.—Why are you worrying about eating with (France)students? —I’m uncertain about French table manners. 4.There are a lot of (Frenchman)in China. 5.这对双胞胎喜欢唱法语歌。 The twins like to sing . ◎参考答案 3. French 4.Frenchmen 5.French songs 6.German [U]n.德语； [C]n.德国人 [考点1] →(复数)Germans [考点2] →(复数：名词所有格)Germans’ ▲those Germans’ (German)keys →German adj.德国的 →Germany n.德国 [考点训练-实际运用] 6.Many foreigners came to our school last week. They come from and they're . A. Germen; Germany B. Germany; Germans C.Germans; Germany D.Germany; Germen 7.德国人说德语。(翻译句子) ◎参考答案 6.B 7.Germans speak German. 7.forward adv.向前 ◆look forward to 期待 ◆look forward to sth. 期待某事(考察单词意思) ▲look forward to doing sth. 期待做某事 8.go n.尝试 ◆have a go 尝试，试图 →(复数)goes ▲have a go at doing sth. [考题情景] 1 have a go 尝试，试图 2 go →(复数形式)goes (考察单词用法) 9.earthquake n.地震 ▲protect themselves in a(n) earthquake ◆protect yourself/themselves in an earthquake [考点拓展] earthquake是由“earth”(n.地面)和“quake”(n.震动)构成的合成词，意为“地震”。 类似结构的合成词有： waterfall(瀑布): →water(水)+fall(落下); firework(烟花): →fire(火)+work(制品); sunrise(日出): →sun(太阳)+rise(升起); sunflower(向日葵): →sun(太阳)+flower(花)。 [考点训练-实际运用] 8.My teacher taught us about the (地震)in the science class. 9.We visited a beautiful (瀑布)in the mountains. 10.让我们练习一下地震时该做什么。 Let's practice what to do . ◎参考答案 8.earthquake 9.waterfall 10.during an earthquake 10.offer vt.提供；主动提出，自愿给予 →(过去式)offered ◆offer sth. (主动)提供某物 →offer sb. great help →offer help to people in need ◆offer for help 主动提供帮助 ▲Thank you for offering (offer) me so much help. ◆offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. 提供给某人某物；向某人提供某物 ▲offer you great help ◆offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事 →主动提出，表示自愿做某事。 [考题情景] 1 offer sth. (主动)提供某物 2 offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. 提供给某人某物 3 offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事 ◆offer+ 钱数+ for sth. 以某个价格买某东西 →出价，表示在商业交易中出价购买某物。 ·He offered 50 dollars for the bike. 他出价50美元买这辆自行车。 →offer n.提议，表示一个具体的提议或建议，有时可翻译成“录用通知书”。 ·She received an offer from a famous school. 她收到了一所著名学校的通知书。 →offer n.出价，表示在商业或交易中的报价， ◆make an offer 报价 ·They made an offer for the contract. 他们提出了合同报价。 →(近义词)provide vt.提供 ◆provide sb. with sth. = provide sth. for sb. 给某人提供某物 [考点训练-实际运用] 11. The young man (主动提供)her a seat when she came in. 12.With its famous mountains,lakes, and towns,Anhui has so much to tourists. A. guard B.offer C.push D.cost 13.上个星期天他主动提出开车送我们去机场。 He drive us to the airport last Sunday. 14.如果你想买这座房子，请出个价。 If you want to buy the house,please . ◎参考答案 11.offered 12.B 13.offered to 14.make an offer 12.plenty pron.大量 ◆plenty of 大量 [考点精析] plenty of = a lot of /lots of 大量，后面接可数名词复数或不可数名词均可。 ▲plenty of + [U] n. 大量的，许多的 ◆have plenty of time to do sth. ◆plenty of water/information ▲We have plenty of time to finish the work. [考题情景] 1 plenty of 大量 2 plenty of +可数名词复数 3 plenty of +不可数名词 ·There are a lot of/lots of people at the concert. 音乐会上有很多人。 ▲a large number of 用于修饰可数名词复数，表示数量众多。 ·A large number of students passed the exam. 大量学生通过了这次考试。 ▲a large amount of 主要修饰不可数名词，强调数量的巨大。 ·A large amount of work remains to be done. 还有大量的工作要做。 [考点训练-实际运用] 15.There_____(be)plenty of water on the floor. 16.She has plenty of (friend)at school. 17.这家小餐馆里有很多菜品可供选择。 There are dishes to choose from in the small restaurant. ◎参考答案 15.is 16.friends 17.plenty of/lots of 13.hands-on adj.实际操作的 ▲get lots of hands-on experience ◆plenty of hands-on experience ◆offer hands-on experiments →(反义词)hands-off adj.不介入的 [考点训练-实际运用] 18.This is a (实际操作的)way to learn about plants. 19.He is making a (长途的)call to his family. 20.她非常喜欢实践活动。 She likes very much. ◎参考答案 18.hands-on 19.long-distance 20.hands-on activities 14.attention [U] n.注意，专心，注意力 [9A U1] [考点1] ◆pay attention to 注意 ◆pay attention to doing sth. 专心做某事 ▲pay attention to making（make）sth. .... ◆pay more attention to 更注重；更加注意 ▲if more attention be paid （pay）to sth. [考点总结] attention 在前则使用被动：be paid；attention 在后则使用主动 ▲pay too much attention to sth. ◆pay no attention to 不注意；不在意 [考点2] ◆draw one's attention 引起某人的注意；吸引某人的注意 ▲catch /caught one's attention 吸引某人的注意力 ▲sth. needs one’s full attention ◆public attention 公众的关注 ◆for your attention 请你注意 [考点3——单选完型常考辨析] ▲instruction 说明；attention 注意；celebration 庆祝；tradition 传统 ▲listen to 听……；look forward to 期望，期待；pay attention to 注意；get/be used to 习惯于…… [考题情景] 1 pay attention to sth. 注意某事 2 pay attention to doing sth. 注意某事 3 draw one's attention 吸引某人的注意 14.programme n.(AmE program)课程；计划；节目 →programme 节目；节目单 ◆a news programme 新闻节目 ◆a theatre programme 剧院节目单 →programme 计划，方案；项目；课程； ◆development programme 发展项目； ◆research programme 研究项目； ◆training programme 培训项目 ◆a training programme for new volunteers 新志愿者培训方案 [考点训练-实际运用] 21.Maths is one of my favourite p at school. 22.该学院有在线课程，允许学生随时随地学习。 The college has an that allows students to study anytime and anywhere. ◎参考答案 21.programmes 22.online programme 15.aware adj.意识到，知道 [考点1] ◆be aware of 意识到 ☆He was well aware of the problem. 他很清楚这个问题。 ·Students need to be aware of the importance of finishing their homework on time. 学生们需要意识到按时完成作业的重要性。 ·Everyone should be aware of the need to protect the environment. 每个人都应该意识到保护环境的需要。 ◆be aware (that)... 意识到…… ☆Were you aware that something was wrong? 你有没有意识到已经出了问题? ◆as far as I’m aware 据我所知 [考点2——单选完型常考辨析] ▲be tired of 厌倦； be aware of 意识到；be fond of 喜欢；be proud of 以……·为豪 [考点3——词形变化] →awareness n.意识；知道；兴趣 ◆an awareness of 认识到/意识到 →unaware adj.不知道；未察觉；未意识到 [考题情景] 1 be aware of 意识到 2 aware →awareness n.意识；认识 3 aware →unaware adj.不知道；未察觉到；未意识到 4 be aware(that)…. 意识到…… 5 as far as I’m aware 据我所知 [考点拓展精析] be aware of动词词组，意为“意识到”,由“be动词+形容词+介词”构成，后面接名词、代词或动名词等作为宾语。 类似结构的短语有： ◆be afraid of 害怕； be careful of 小心； ◆be proud of 为……自豪； ·He is proud of his son's achievements. 他为他儿子的成就感到自豪。 ◆be full of 充满； ◆be tired of 厌倦； ◆be certain of 确信； be fond of 喜欢； ◆be nervous of 害怕； ◆be short of 缺乏。 [考点训练-实际运用] 23.They are (意识到) of the danger of smoking. 24.She is nervous of (speak)in public. 25.她意识到锻炼的重要性。 She the importance of exercise. ◎参考答案 23.aware 24.speaking 25.is aware of 16.importance [U]n.重要性 ◆the importance of ……的重要性 ▲realize the importance (important) of protecting the environment. →important adj.重要的 ◆be of (great) importance = be important (非常)重要的 ◆be important for/to sb. 对某人来说是重要的 ★It’s important for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是重要的 ▲It is also important to do sth. →importantly adv.重要地 →unimportant adj.不重要的 [考题情景] 1 the importance of ……的重要性 2 be of (great)importance (非常)重要的 3 importance →important adj.重要的 4 It’s +important+ for sb.+__________ sth. 对某人来说做某事是重要的。 5 importance →unimportant adj.不重要的 6 importance →importantly adv.重要地 [考点拓展精析] importance是由形容词important变化而来的。 类似变化的词还有： absent(缺席) →absence(缺席) confident(自信的) →confidence(自信心；信任) patient(有耐心的) →patience(耐心；忍耐力) silent(沉默的；安静的) →silence(沉默；寂静) convenient(方便的) →convenience(方便；便利) present(在场) →presence(在场；存在) [考点训练-实际运用] [考题] 26.It is important (have)some joy in your life. 27.Doing homework is very (importance)for students. 28.Parents often teach their children the (important)of honesty. 29.水对所有生物都非常重要。 Water is to all living things. ◎参考答案 26.to have 27.important 28.importance 29.of great importance 17.Japanese adj.日本(人)的，日语的 ◆speak Japanese ◆speak French and Japanese →Japan n.日本 18.ourselves (考察单词拼写) pron.我们自己 ·We cooked dinner ourselves. 我们自己做晚饭。 [考点精析] 当主语和宾语是同一组人或同一事物时，宾语用反身代词，oneself有人称和数的变化。 ◆enjoy oneself 过得愉快；玩得高兴。(oneself有人称和数的变化) ▲enjoyed ourselves (we) ·At the party last night,everyone was dancing and enjoying themselves. 昨晚的聚会上，每个人都在跳舞，玩得很开心。 ◆help oneself 自便取用； ·There's plenty of food in the kitchen,so please help yourselves to more. 厨房里有很多食物，请自便多吃一些。 [考题情景] 1 enjoy ourselves = have fun = have a good/great/nice/wonderful time 玩的开心 2 enjoy ourselves(we) [考点训练-实际运用] 30.We enjoyed (our)at Zhaolin Park last Sunday. 31.—I’m afraid I won’t pass the exam. —Come on, Bill. You should believe in .That's the secret of success. A.myself B.ourselves C.yourself D.yourselves 32.我们在聚会上玩得很开心。 (enjoy oneself) (翻译句子) 33.She took a day off work and enjoyed h at the beach. ◎参考答案 30.ourselves 31.C 32.We enjoyed ourselves at the party. 33.herself 19.develop vt.形成；获得 →develop vt.&vi.(使)发展 ◆develop good habits ◆develop a love for... 对……形成热爱 ·She developed a love for music. 她开始对音乐产生热爱。 ·Our country is developing quickly. 我们的国家正在快速发展。 →development n.发展；成长 ◆with the development of… 随着……的发展 ·With the development of our country,people's life has improved. 随着我们国家的发展，人们的生活水平提高了 →developed adj.发达的 ◆developed country 发达国家 →developing adj.发展中的 ◆developing country 发展中国家； ·China is a developing country,while the USA is a developed country. 中国是一个发展中国家，然而美国是一个发达国家。 [考点训练-实际运用] 34.His parents were pleased with his (develop). 35.在学校里学生们需要发展他们的能力。 Students need to at school. 36.There are many modern buildings in China.How fast China is d . ◎参考答案 34.development 35.develop their abilities 36.developing 20.junior adj.初级的；青少年的 ▲junior high school 21.rocket n.火箭 ▲a model of a space rocket 一个太空火箭模型 22.carefully adv.仔细地；小心地；认真地 →修饰动词，表示动作的过程或方式。 ◆listen carefully 仔细听 ◆look carefully for sth. 仔细寻找某物 ·The boy does his homework very carefully. 这个男孩作业写得很认真。 →(反义词)carelessly◆ adv.粗心地；满不在乎地 →careful adj.仔细的，认真的；小心的；细致的; →(反义词)careless adj.粗心的 ◆can’t be too careful◆ 再小心也不为过/过分 ◆be careful with sth. 小心某物 ·You must be careful when you walk across the road. 横穿马路时你一定要小心。 ·Make sure you are safe first and be careful while riding on the road! 首先确保你是安全的，并且在路上骑行时要小心! →care vi.&vt.关心，关注，在意 →care [U] n.小心；照料，照顾 ◆care for 关心；照顾；喜欢 ◆take care of = look after = care for 照顾 ·She moved back home to care for her elderly parents. 她搬回家来照料她年迈的双亲。 ◆care about 关心，关怀；在意 ·The boss really cares about his workers. 这个老板真的关心他的工人。 ◆take care 当心；保重 ◆take care of sb./sth. 照顾，照料某人/某物 ☆Take care! = Be careful! 小心! [复习回顾] *caring adj.关心他人的，体贴人的 [教材语境] Well, I think good friends should be kind and caring. ·Mr Wilson is a caring man.He took good care of my pet cat while I was away. 威尔逊先生是个体贴人的人。在我外出期间，他悉心照料我的宠物猫。 ·My mother is very caring.She always prepares delicious meals for me and helps me with my problems.我的妈妈很体贴人。她总是为我准备美味的饭菜，还帮我解决问题。 →carelessness◆ n.粗心 [考点训练-实际运用] 37. Be (小心)when using electricity. 38.I'll look over my emails more (careful) before I click“Send”next time. 39.父母应当关心和照顾他们的子女。 Parents should and their children. ◎参考答案 37.careful 38.carefully 39.care about; care for/look after 23. look forward to 期待 ·We all look forward to your good news. 我们都期待你的好消息。 ◆look forward to doing sth. 期望/期待做某事 ·I look forward to finishing the task soon. 我期待早点完成任务。 ·I look forward to visiting your school again. 我期待着再次参观你们的学校。 ◆pay attention to doing sth. 注意做某事 ·We should pay attention to washing hands often to keep healthy. 为保持健康我们应当注意经常洗手。 ◆be/get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事…… ·My father is used to getting up early. 我父亲习惯早起。 ◆stick to doing sth. 坚持做某事 ·If you want to get good grades,you must stick to studying hard. 如果你想取得好成绩，你必须坚持努力学习。 [考点拓展精析] 类似的结构还有： ◆be/get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事…… ◆stick to doing sth. 坚持做某事 ◆pay attention to doing sth. 注意做某事 【中考重要考点—to 为 prep. 的用法总结】 ◆look forward to doing sth. 期望/期盼做某事 ◆pay attention to doing sth. 注意做某事 ◆get/ be/become used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 ◆prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 比起做某事，更喜欢做某事/喜欢做某事胜过做某事 ◆devote oneself to doing sth. 致力于做某事 ◆devote ... to doing sth. 致力于做某事 ◆lead to doing sth. 导致做某事 [考点训练-实际运用] 40.—Xiao Hai won first prize inour school art festival. —Wonderful! I am his next performance. A.looking forward to B.paying attention to C.getting used to D.sticking to 41.我们期待着再次见到你。 We you again. ◎参考答案 40.A 41.look forward to seeing 24.pay attention to 注意 ·Please pay attention to your actions. 请注意你的行为。 ·I didn’t pay attention to what she was saying. 我没有注意到她在说什么。 ·We should pay attention to washing hands often to keep healthy. 为保持健康我们应当注意经常洗手。 ·I look forward to visiting your school again. 我期待着再次参观你们的学校。 [考点拓展精析] 类似用法的短语有：to 为介词，后面用doing形式 ◆pay attention to 注意 ◆look forward to 期待；盼望 ◆stick to 坚持 ◆according to 根据 【中考重要考点—to 为 prep. 的用法总结】 ◆look forward to doing sth. 期望/期盼做某事 ◆pay attention to doing sth. 注意做某事 ◆get/ be/become used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 ◆prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 比起做某事，更喜欢做某事/喜欢做某事胜过做某事 ◆devote oneself to doing sth. 致力于做某事 ◆devote ... to doing sth. 致力于做某事 ◆lead to doing sth. 导致做某事 [考点训练-实际运用] 42.To keep healthy,we should pay attention to (wear)masks(口罩). 43.Susan pays more attention out instead of her study. A.to hang B.hanging C.to hanging D.on hanging 44.因此每个人都应该注意家里的消防安全。 So everyone should fire safety at home. ◎参考答案 42.wearing 43.C 44.pay attention to 25.It is great to be creative and it helps us study better in other subjects. 有创造力是很棒的，它有助于我们更好地学习其他科目。 [考点精析] 这是一个由 and连接的并列句。 ▲and前的句子的结构为主系表，It作形式主语，系动词为is,great作表语，不定式短语to be creative是真正的主语； ▲and后的句子的结构为主谓宾宾补，主语是it,谓语是helps,宾语是us,study better为宾语补足语，in other subject作状语。 [考点拓展精析] 并列句是由并列连词把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起的句子。 通常有四种基本类型： (1)用连词and表示并列，各成分之间没有主次之分。 ·He went into the room and sat on the sofa. 他走进房间坐在了沙发上。 (2)使用but表示转折，强调两个句子的对比。 ·It was raining hard,but they kept working. 雨下得很大，可是他们坚持工作。 (3)使用or表示选择，从两者中选择一个。 ·Do you want to go shopping with me or stay at home? 你是想和我一起去购物还是待在家里? (4)使用so表示因果，强调一者是另一者的原因。 ·Her mother was ill,so she didn't go to school. 她妈妈病了，因此她没有去上学。 [考点训练-实际运用] 45.In autumn,the weather gets cooler the green leaves start to turn gold. A.because B.but C. whether D.and 46.The flight was delayed(延期)because of the storm, the passengers had to wait at the airport. A.so B.or C.for D. but 47.一些学生在扫地，其他的在擦窗户。 Some students are sweeping the floor, others the windows. ◎参考答案 45.D 46.A 47.and;are cleaning 26.Cleaning is another important tradition in Japanese schools. 打扫卫生在日本学校是另一项重要传统。 [考点精析] 本句是一个“主系表”结构的简单句。 句子的主语是动名词Cleaning,表示打扫卫生这个活动。 系动词是be的单数形式is; another important tradition作表语； in Japanese schools作地点状语。 [考点拓展精析] ▲在英语中，单个动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数； ·Reading books is fun. 读书是有趣的。 ▲当主语是多个动名词短语并列作主语，谓语动词一般用复数。 ·Cooking and baking are my hobbies. 烹饪和烘焙是我的爱好。 [考点训练-实际运用] 48. Studying hard (be)the key to success. 49. Playing football and running (be) popular sports in our school. 50.游泳是我最喜欢的运动。 ◎参考答案 48.is 49.are 50.Swimming is my favourite sport. 27.choose from 从……中选择 [考点1] choose v.选择 →(Ved)chose →(过去分词)chosen ◆choose sb. to be/as a monitor 选择某人当班长 ◆choose to do sth. 选择做某事 [考点2] →choice n.选择 ◆have no choice but to do sth. 别无选择，只能做某事 ▲—Oh,we have missed the last bus.What should we do? —I'm afraid we have no choice but ______ (walk) there now. ◆make a choice = make choices 做出选择 [考点3——单选完型常考辨析] ▲chance 机会；character 人物；change 改变；choice 选择 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $