Unit 1 reading 教材考点笔记2026-2027学年译林版八年级英语上册

该初中英语8A U1 reading知识清单系统梳理了核心词汇与句型知识体系。从20个必背单词及短语出发，延伸至20个考点词汇与重难点句型，结合教材语境解析用法，通过反义词对比、短语拓展和考点训练，构建从基础积累到综合应用的学习支架。 知识链路按“词汇-短语-句型”逻辑递进，每个考点含语境示例、常考辨析和实际运用题。通过语境理解提升语言能力，对比表格培养思维品质，训练题强化学习能力，助力学生系统掌握知识点并实现灵活运用。

8A U1 reading教材考点笔记 必背单词 1.*ponytail n.马尾辫 2.seat n.座位 3.*schoolwork n.学校作业 4.*trustworthy adj.值得信赖的 5.carefully adv.仔细地；小心地 6.understand vt.&vi.理解 7.bit n.少量 8.a little bit 有点儿 9.funny adj.好笑的 10.sense n.理解力；感觉 11.humour n.(AmE humor)幽默 12.sense of humour n.幽默感 13.bored adj.厌倦的，烦闷的 14.energetic adj.精力充沛的 15.active adj.活跃的；积极的 16.encourage vt.鼓励 17.believe vt.相信 18.face vt.面临；面对 19.secret n.秘密 20.keep secrets 保密 考点词汇及重难点句型全解 1.helpful adj.愿意帮忙的；有用的 ,在句中作表语或定语。 [教材语境] Kind and helpful, Betty is ready to help anyone anytime. 贝蒂性格善良且乐于助人，随时都愿意帮助任何人。 类似的单词：useful 有用的 →(反义词)useless 无用的； careful 细心的 →(反义词)careless 粗心的。 ◆kind and helpful 善良并且乐于助人 ◆be helpful to/for. .. = be of help to/for. .. 对......有帮助 ◆be helpful in doing sth. 对做某事有帮助 ★It is helpful to do sth. 做某事是有帮助的 ☆They're kind and helpful. 他们善良并且乐于助人。 →(反义词)helpless◆ adj. 无助的,无用的,没有帮助的 →help [U] n./vt.&vi. 帮助 [help —相关短语及用法 ] ◆ask for help◆ 寻求帮助 ◆ask sb. for help◆ = go to sb. for help◆ = turn to sb. 向某人求助 ◆help sb. with sth.◆ 帮助某人解决某种困难 ◆help sb. (to) do sth.◆ 帮助某人做某事 ◆help sb. (to) do sth. ◆= help sb. with sth.◆ 帮助某人做某事 ◆with the help of sb. = with one’s help 在某人的帮助下 ◆with those volunteers’ help 在这些志愿者的帮助下 ◆without the help of sb. = without one’s help 没有某人的帮助 ◆can’t help doing sth. 情不自禁做某事/禁不住做某事/忍不住做某事 ◆help oneself to... 随便吃/喝...；自用(食物)等 ◆help sb. out 指帮助某人克服困难、解决问题、渡过难关、完成工作等。 ◆give a helping hand 伸出援助之手 ◆can’t help (to) do sth. 不能帮助做某事 ☆They help us with all kinds of problems. 他们帮助我们解决各种各样的问题。 ◆help us with all kinds of problems 帮助我们处理各种问题 ◆find someone to help you with your homework 找到人帮助你做作业 ◆be ready to help 乐于帮助 ◆help the old people   帮助老人 ◆help the old people clean their flats 帮助老人打扫公寓 ◆get help with sth. 在某方面得到帮助 2.be ready to do sth. = be willing to do sth. 乐意做某事 [教材语境] Kind and helpful, Betty is ready to help anyone anytime. 贝蒂性格善良且乐于助人，随时都愿意帮助任何人。 [考点精析] ready adj.愿意迅速做某事；准备好 ▲be ready to do sth. 愿意/乐意(或准备好)做某事 ▲①be ready to do sth.= be willing to do sth. 愿意/乐意做某事 ☆I am ready to chat with him in English. 我乐意跟他用英语聊天。 ☆Lei Feng was always ready to help others. 雷锋总是乐于助人。 ▲②be ready to do sth. = get ready to do sth. 准备好做某事 ☆The children are ready to have a picnic with their parents. 孩子们已经准备好跟父母一起去野餐。 ☆Are you ready to have lunch with me? 你准备好和我吃午饭了吗? [联想拓展] ▲①be ready for… 为……做好准备 ,强调状态。 ▲②get ready for = get prepared for sth. 为……做准备 ,强调动作。 ▲③get sth. ready for sb. 为某人准备好某物 [常考辨析] be ready to do sth. 与 get ready to do sth. 易混词组 含义及用法 例句 be ready to do sth. 强调状态 Are you ready to start? 你准备好开始了吗? get ready to do sth. 强调动作 Please get ready to start. 请做好开始的准备。 [单选常考混淆辨析] A.unable to B.similar to C.used to D.ready to [要点解析] be unable to 不能 be similar to 与……相似 be used to 习惯于 be ready to 乐意 [拓展提升—be ready to do sth.—9A U1 reading ] [联想拓展—prepare] prepare vt.准备 →preparation n.准备 ◆prepare sth. 准备某物/某事 ◆prepare for sth. 为某事做准备 ◆get prepared for sth. = get ready for 为......做准备 ◆prepare(vi.) for = get/be ready for 为……做准备/为某事做准备 ◆prepare…for… 为……准备…… ◆prepare sth. for sb. 为某人准备某物 ◆prepare to do sth. 准备做某事 [联想拓展—prepare...for... ] prepare vt.准备 ☆My parents will prepare plenty of food and drinks for us. 我的父母将为我们准备大量的食物和饮料。 [联想拓展—willing] willing adj.乐意的；愿意的 ☆Are you willing to help the poor children? 你愿意帮助这些贫穷的孩子们吗? ☆She is always willing to help others. 她总是乐意去帮助别人。 ☆She is willing to help me in any way she can. 她愿意尽其所能帮助我。 ☆We are willing to work hard. 我们愿意努力工作。 →(反义词)unwilling◆ adj.不愿意的 3.give up 放弃 ◆give up sth. 放弃某物 [教材语境] She always gives up her seat on the bus to someone in need, and she often helps us with our schoolwork. 她总是在公交车上把座位让给有需要的人，她还经常辅导我们的学校作业。 ◆give up on sth. 在某事上放弃 →give up on difficult tasks 放弃困难的任务 →give up on hard tasks 放弃困难的任务 ◆give up doing sth. 放弃做某事 4.in need [教材语境] She always gives up her seat on the bus to someone in need, and she often helps us with our schoolwork. 她总是在公交车上把座位让给有需要的人，她还经常辅导我们的学校作业。 [考点精析] in need 需要；在困难中 ，在句中作后置定语或表语。 ◆in need of 需要… ☆A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难朋友才是真朋友。 ☆They're in need of money. 他们需要钱。 [复习回顾——need to do sth.] [考点精析] need v.需要，有人称和数的变化，后面可接名词、代词或动词不定式作宾语。 ▲①need sth. 需要某物 ▲②need to do sth. 需要做某事 →(否定) don’t need to do sth. ▲③need sb. to do sth. 需要某人做某事 ▲④sth. need(s) doing = sth. need(s) to be done 某事需要被做 【中考重要考点—need的用法总结】 易混词汇 词性及含义 用法 need vt.需要 有人称、数及时态的变化 need modal. v. 需要，必须 情态动词需要，无人称和数的变化，其后接动词原形，多用于否定句和疑问句中。 ◆need do sth.需要做某事 →(否定) needn’t do sth. n.(食物、钱等的)短缺,缺乏 ◆in (great) need of sth. (特别)需要某物 need [U] n. 需要，必要 needs n.必需品；需要 常见搭配： ◆need+n. 需要某物 ◆need (sb.) to do sth. 需要(某人)做某事 ◆need doing =sth. need to be done 某事需要被做 ◆need+Vdo sth. 需要做某事 ◆needn’t do sth. 不需要做某事 [联想拓展] 以 must 开头的一般疑问句， 其肯定回答为“Yes, sb. must.", 否定回答为“No, sb. needn't."。 —Must I finish my homework today? 我必须今天完成作业吗? —No, you needn’t./don’t have to. 不，你不必。 5.worry 及物v. 使担心，使烦恼 ，后面常跟人作宾语 [教材语境] When something worries me,I always go to her. 当有什么事情让我烦恼时，我总是会去找她。 →(动词第三人称单数)worries →worry 不及物v. 担心 →(动词过去式)worried ◆worry about = be worried about 为……而担心 ☆The teacher worries about/is worried about her students. 老师正在为她的学生们担心。 →worry可用作不可数名词[U] n. 烦恼，担忧 ☆Too much worry made him look very old. 他烦恼太多，人显得很老。 →(名词复数)worries 烦恼的事 ☆My mother has a lot of worries. 我妈妈有许多烦心事。 →worried adj.担心的，焦虑的 ◆worry about = be worried about 为……而担心 ◆feel worried 感到焦虑 [联想拓展] worry 的用法总结： 词性 含义及用法 及物动词vt. 意为“使担心，使烦恼”，后面常跟人作宾语 不及物动词vi. 意为“担心"，◆worry about = be worried about 为……而担心 不可数名词[U] n. 意为“烦恼，担忧” 可数名词[C] n. 意为“烦恼的事” 6.carefully adv.仔细地，认真地；小心地 [教材语境] She listens to me carefully and understands me quite well. ◆listen carefully 仔细听 ◆look carefully for sth. 仔细寻找某物 →(反义词)carelessly◆ adv.粗心地；满不在乎地 →carelessness n.粗心 →*caring adj.关心他人的，体贴人的 [教材语境] Well, I think good friends should be kind and caring. ·Mr Wilson is a caring man.He took good care of my pet cat while I was away. 威尔逊先生是个体贴人的人。在我外出期间，他悉心照料我的宠物猫。 ·My mother is very caring.She always prepares delicious meals for me and helps me with my problems.我的妈妈很体贴人。她总是为我准备美味的饭菜，还帮我解决问题。 →care vi.&vt.关心，关注，在意 →care [U] n.小心；照料，照顾 ◆care about 关心，关怀；在意 ◆care for 关心；照顾；喜欢 ◆take care 当心；保重 ◆take care of = look after = care for 照顾 ◆take care of sb./sth. 照顾，照料某人/某物 ☆Take care! = Be careful! 小心! →careful adj.小心的，认真的；仔细的 →(反义词)careless adj.粗心的；不在意的 ◆can’t be too careful◆ 再小心也不为过/过分 ◆be careful with sth. 小心某物 ·Make sure you are safe first and be careful while riding on the road! 首先确保你是安全的，并且在路上骑行时要小心! 7.understand vt.&vi.理解 [教材语境] She listens to me carefully and understands me quite well. →(过去式、过去分词)understood →(现在分词、动名词)understanding →understanding adj.善解人意的，富有同情心的 ◆better understand 更好地理解； ◆make sb./sth.understood 使某人/某事被理解 ·She understands the importance of studying hard. 她理解努力学习的重要性。 ·I tried to make the instructions understood by everyone. 我尽力使所有人都理解那些说明。 →(反义词)misunderstand v.误解 前缀mis-+understand=misunderstand ·He misunderstood the question and gave the wrong answer. 他误解了问题，并给出了错误的答案。 →misunderstanding n.误会，误解 ·There was a misunderstanding between the two friends. 这两个朋友之间有一个误会。 [考点训练-实际运用] 1.You can better (理解)Chinese culture by learning about Chinese festivals. 2.Don't (understand)me.I didn't mean to hurt you. 3.I (understand)the problem after the teacher explained it again. 4.我有一个非常善解人意的妈妈。她总是鼓励我做我喜欢的事情。 I have a very mother.She always encourages me to do what I like. ◎参考答案 1.understand 2.misunderstand 3.understood 4.understanding 8.feel down 情绪低落 [教材语境] She knows how to cheer me up when I am feeling down. 当我情绪低落时，她知道如何让我振作起来。 [教材语境] You will never feel bored with him around. 有他在身边，你永远不会觉得无聊。 ◆feel bored 感到无聊 ◆feel bored with sb. 和某人在一起感到无聊； [教材语境] Sometimes I feel like giving up on difficult tasks,but he always encourages me to keep trying. 有时候我想放弃困难的任务，但他总是鼓励我，让我坚持尝试。 ◆feel like doing sth. 想要做某事； ◆feel a little bit tired 感觉有点疲劳 9.a little bit +adj. 有点，后接形容词。 [教材语境] They make him look a little bit funny. 他们使他看起来有点滑稽。 ◆feel a little bit tired 感觉有点疲劳 [常考辨析] a little bit，a bit，a little与a bit of 短语 用法 例句 a little bit 修饰形容词、副词、动词等 Your schoolwork worries me a little bit. 你的功课让我有点担心。 a bit 修饰形容词、副词、动词等 You need to work on your writing a bit more. 你需要在写作方面多下点功夫。 a little 修饰不可数名词或形容词、副词、动词等 There is a little milk left. 还剩下一点牛奶。 a bit of 修饰不可数名词 Can I have a bit of your cake? 我能吃一点你的蛋糕吗? ·I’m a little bit tired after the long walk. 走了很长的路后，我有点累了。 ·The movie was a bit boring. 这部电影有点无聊。 ·He is a little taller than his brother. 他比他的兄弟高一点。 ·He added a little bit of salt to the soup. 他在汤里加了一点盐。 [考点训练-实际运用] 1.In early spring in Harbin,grass turns green and some flowers_______though it is _______cold.It's really a beautiful city! A.come on;a little B.come out;a little bit C.come out;a bit of D.come on;a bit 2.—Bob,_______sunshine is good for us and makes us happy.Let's go out for a walk. —I'd love to,but I'm_______tired today.What about tomorrow? A.a bit;a bit B.a bit;a bit of C.a bit of;a bit D.a bit of;a bit of 3.他比他弟弟高一点。He is_________ ____________ ____________taller than his brother. ◎参考答案 1.B 2.C 3.a little bit 10.funny adj.好笑的；滑稽的；有趣的； [教材语境] They make him look a little bit funny. 他们使他看起来有点滑稽。 ·He told a funny story that made everyone laugh. 他讲了一个好笑的故事，逗得大家都笑了。 ·The movie was so funny that I watched it twice. 这部电影太有趣了，我看了两遍。 ·Pandas look funny with their big bodies and short legs.熊猫有着大大的身体和短短的腿，看起来很有趣。 由名词加后缀-y构成的形容词还有：cloudy，rainy，sleepy，lucky等。 →fun n.乐趣；享乐的事 ◆for fun 为了娱乐 ◆have fun doing sth. 做某事很开心 ·What great fun! 多么有趣！ →fun adj. 有趣的 ◆It’s fun to do sth. 做某事很有趣 [常考辨析] funny与fun 单词 词性 含义 用法特点 funny 形容词 有趣的；滑稽的 强调引人发笑的特点 fun 名词 [U]n. 乐趣 强调愉快的体验或活动 形容词 有趣的 [考点训练-实际运用] 1.At the beginning of his speech,the scientist tells us a (fun)joke. 2.—Why are you laughing,Daniel? —There is in the newspaper. A.funny anything B.funny something C.anything funny D.something funny 3.我认为这部动画片非常好笑。I think this cartoon . ◎参考答案 1.funny 2.D 3.is very funny 11.sense n.理解力；感觉 [教材语境] Max has a great sense of humour. ·She has a great sense of humour. 她很有幽默感。 ◆make sense 有意义，讲得通 ·His explanation doesn't make sense to me. 他的解释对我来说没有意义。 ◆common sense 常识 ·Using common sense can solve many problems. 运用常识可以解决很多问题。 →sense v.感觉到；意识到，后面可跟名词、代词、从句等作宾语。 ·I sensed that something was wrong. 我感觉到有些不对劲。 ·She sensed his sadness even though he didn't say anything. 尽管他没说什么,但她感觉到了他的悲伤。 12.a sense of... 一种……感 ◆a sense of humour 幽默感； ◆have a great sense of humour ◆sb. have/has/with no sense of time 某人没有时间观念 ◆a sense of direction 方向感 ◆sense of direction 方向感 ◆sb. have/has a poor sense of direction ◆sense of responsibility 责任感 →humour 不可数名词[U] n. 幽默 ,在美式英语中写为humor。 ☆He is a man with a sense of humour. 他是一个有幽默感的人。 →humorous adj.幽默的 ☆My father is very humorous. 我的爸爸很幽默。 [考点训练-实际运用] 1. Tom has a good s of humour. We all enjoy staying with him. 2. Because they (感觉到)danger, they started to run away quickly. 3.照顾好你自己是有意义的。 It to look after yourself well. 4.她有很好的听觉。 She has a of hearing. ◎参考答案 1.sense 2.sensed 3.makes sense 4.good sense 13. bored◆ adj.厌倦的，烦闷的；无聊的 →(反义词)interested adj.感兴趣的(人作主语) [教材语境] You will never feel bored with him around. 只要有他在身边，你就永远不会觉得无聊。 ◆be/get bored with sb./sth. 对某人/某物感到厌倦 ◆be/feel bored with 对……感到无聊 ·I felt bored during the long meeting. 在漫长的会议中，我感到很无聊。 ☆I feel bored with this piece of music. 我对这首曲子感到厌烦。 ☆He often feels bored during the holiday. 假期期间他经常感到无聊。 ☆If you get bored at home,you can go on a trip. 如果在家无聊，你可以去旅行。 →boring adj.没趣的，令人厌倦的；无聊的 →(反义词)interesting adj.有趣的(物作主语) ·The movie was so boring that I fell asleep. 这部电影太无聊了，我都睡着了。 [常考辨析] bored和boring的辨析 bored 表示“感到无聊的”一般用来指人对某人或事物的感受意为“令人厌倦(烦)的；没趣的”。 boring 意为“令人无聊的”一般用于修饰令人感到无聊或乏味的人或事物，一般用来指物 [一言辨异] We all got bored with the boring speech. 我们都对这个无聊的演讲感到厌烦。 ·She didn't want to bore her friends with her problems. 她不想用她的问题让朋友们感到无聊。 →bore v.使无聊；使厌烦 →(过去分词)bored →(现在分词)boring →boredom n.无聊 ·Reading books is a good way to fight boredom. 读书是一个打发无聊的好方法。 动词+后缀-ed/-ing构成形容词的情形有： interest →interested →interesting; move →moved →moving; touch →touched →touching; excite →excited →exciting。 [联想拓展] 常见Ving 和 Ved 形容词及其相关短语： Ving(物) Ved(人) 相关短语及用法 amazing amazed ◆be amazed at 对.....感到惊奇 boring bored ◆be bored with 对.....厌烦 annoying annoyed ◆be annoyed with 对.....感到厌烦 exciting excited ◆be excited about 对......感到兴奋 interesting interested ◆be interested in 对.....感兴趣 relaxing relaxed ◆make sb. relaxed 使某人放松 surprising surprised ◆be surprised at 对.....感到惊讶 worrying worried ◆be worried about 为....感到担心 tiring tired ◆It’s tiring to do sth. 做某事很累 satisfying satisfied ◆be satisfied with… = be pleased with… 对……感到满意 frightening frightened 注意：英语中还有很多类似的形容词： ▲①以-ing结尾的形容词通常修饰物，表示事物的特征； ▲②以-ed结尾的形容词通常修饰人，表示人的心理感受，常在连系动词之后作表语，也可在句中作宾语补足语。 ☆After working for two hours,I felt very tired. 工作了两个小时后，我觉得很疲惫。 ☆The action film made all of us very excited. 这部动作电影使我们都很兴奋。 【复习回顾—interesting】 [考点精析] ▲interesting adj.有趣的，通常用来形容事物，表示令人感兴趣的 ☆That's not very interesting. 不是很有趣。 [联想拓展] ▲interested adj.感兴趣的 ,指人对某物或某事产生兴趣。 [一语辨析] All the students are interested in the interesting story. 所有学生都对这个有趣的故事感兴趣。 [常考辨析] interest,interested 和 interesting 易混词 含义及用法 例句 interest v.使......感兴趣 What interests me most is the robot Wangbao in Jiang Xi Library. 最使我感兴趣的是江西图书馆的机器人旺宝。 n.兴趣;爱好 Reading is my interest. 阅读是我的兴趣。 interested adj.对......感兴趣(一般用来修饰人) I am interested in Hi, Mom. 我对《你好,李焕英》感兴趣。 interesting adj.有趣的(一般用来修饰某物或某事) What an interesting book it is! 它是一本多么有趣的书啊! ▲注意： 以 -ed结尾的形容词通常用来描述人;以-ing结尾的形容词通常用来描述事物， 【复习回顾——be interested in 】 [考点精析] ▲①be interested in ... 对……感兴趣 ,多用来形容人，后接名词/代词/动名词作宾语。 ▲②interested adj.感兴趣的(人作主语) →interesting adj.有趣的(物作主语) ▲③be interested in doing sth. = take an interest in doing sth. 对....感兴趣 ▲be可以用 get, become 替换。其主语通常是人,其后常接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。 ☆Most boys are interested in sports. 大部分的男孩对运动感兴趣。 ☆My elder brother is interested in playing soccer 我哥哥对踢足球感兴趣。 ☆I am very interested in learning about different kinds of plants, birds and animals. 我对了解不同种类的植物、鸟和动物非常感兴趣。 →interest n.兴趣 →interest v. 使感兴趣 ◆place of interest 名胜 ◆show an interest in sth./in doing sth. 对某物 / 做某事表现出兴趣 ◆show great interest in sth./in doing sth. 对…… 表现出极大的兴趣 [考点训练-实际运用] 1. The children were (bore) because there was nothing fun to do. 2.He gave such a (bore)speech that no one wanted to listen. 3. The traditional festivals in China are very (interest). 4.他无法忍受整天待在家里的无聊。 He couldn't stand the staying at home all day. ◎参考答案 1.bored 2.boring 3.interesting 4.boredom of 14. energetic adj.精力充沛的 ·The children are so energetic that they can play all day. 孩子们精力充沛，可以玩一整天。 →energy n.精力；活力；力量 ◆be full of energy 充满能量 ·She has a lot of energy and can work for hours without getting tired. 她精力充沛，可以工作几个小时而不感到疲倦。 →energetically adv.精力充沛地 ·She danced energetically at the party last night. 昨晚她在派对上精力充沛地跳舞。 [考点精析] 形容词energetic为名词energy(精力)+后缀-tic构成，加后缀-tic构成的形容词通常表示“与……相关的”或“具有……特性的”。 此类形容词有： dramatic 戏剧性的； artistic 艺术的； realistic 现实的； fantastic 极好的。 [考点训练-实际运用] 1.It's (energy) of Grandpa to walk for half an hour when he's in his nineties. 2.The medical teams spend most of their time and (精力)saving people's lives. 3.团队精力充沛地工作，按时完成了项目。 The team to finish the project on time. ◎参考答案 1.energetic 2.energy 3.worked energetically 15. active adj.积极的；活跃的 [教材语境] He stays active by doing sport and other club activities and never seems to get tired. 他通过做运动和参加其他社团活动，总是保持活跃，似乎永远不会累。 ◆take an active part in 积极参与 ◆play an active role in... 在……中起积极作用 ◆stay active 保持活跃； ◆active lifestyle 积极的生活方式。 ·She is an active member of the school club. 她是学校俱乐部的一个活跃成员。 →activity n.活动 →(复数)activities ·Outdoor activities are good for health. 户外活动对健康有益。 →actively adv.积极地 ·The students are actively preparing for the exam. 学生们正在积极准备考试。 [考点精析] 形容词active是由名词act+后缀-ive构成； active+后缀-ly可构成副词actively 积极地 ; active+后缀-ty构成名词activity 活动 ; active+后缀-ate可构成动词activate 激活 。 →inactive adj.不活动的，不活跃的 [考点精析] 加后缀-ive构成形容词的情形还有： creative 有创造力的；attractive 有吸引力的；effective 有效的； expensive 昂贵的；sensitive 敏感的。 [考点训练-实际运用] 1.I’m not the only child in my family,and I have active sister. A.a B.an C.the D./ 2. There are a lot of interesting (active). Do you want to take part in them? 3.He takes an (act)part in class discussions. 4.主动学习有助于学生更好地理解。 helps students understand better. ◎参考答案 1.B 2.activities 3.active 4.Active learning 16. encourage vt.鼓励 [教材语境] Sometimes I feel like giving up on difficult tasks,but he always encourages me to keep trying. 有时候我想放弃困难的任务，但他总是鼓励我，让我坚持尝试。 ◆encourage sb.to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 →(否定)encourage sb. not to do sth. 鼓励某人不要做某事 ◆feel encouraged 受到鼓励 ◆filled with courage 内心充满了勇气 ·Her parents always encourage her to follow her dreams. 她的父母总是鼓励她追求梦想。 →encouragement n.鼓励，鼓舞 ·Your encouragement means a lot to me. 你的鼓励对我意义重大。 →(现在分词)encouraging adj.鼓励人的 ·She gave him an encouraging smile. 她给了他一个鼓励的微笑。 →(过去分词)encouraged adj.受到鼓励的 ·I felt encouraged by her kind words. 她善意的话语让我感到受到了鼓励。 →courage n.勇气；胆量 ·She showed great courage when she faced the challenge. 她面对挑战时表现出了巨大的勇气。 [考点训练-实际运用] 1.Ms Luo always encourages her students trying while they . A.keep;are drawing B. to keep;drew C. to keep;are drawing D.keep;draw 2.The government (courage) local people to learn lantern-making widely. 3.他的学校提供攀岩课，以鼓励学生锻炼身体。 His school offered rock climbing lessons in order to . ◎参考答案 1.C 2.encourages 3.encourage students to exercise 17. believe vt.相信，后面可跟名词、代词、从句等作宾语。 [教材语境] I believe we will be best friends for life. 我相信我们会成为一生的挚友。 ◆believe in oneself 相信自己 ◆It's believed that… 人们相信/据信…… ·I believe what you said. 我相信你说的话。 ·She believes that hard work leads to success. 她相信努力会带来成功。 ·He believes in the importance of honesty. 他相信诚实的重要性。 ·It is believed that the project will be completed on time. 人们相信这个项目会按时完成。 →belief n.信心；信念；信仰 →(复数)beliefs ·Different cultures have different beliefs. 不同的文化有不同的信仰。 ·It's unbelievable how fast she can run. 她跑得如此之快，真是不可思议。 →unbelievable adj.难以置信的；难以相信的 [考点训练-实际运用] 1.Teenagers must believe themselves.They can overcome difficulties. A.in B.to C.at D.on 2.Some people (相信)robots will take most jobs away from humans in the future. 3.你总是相信我，鼓励我追随我的热情和梦想。 You always me and encourage me to follow my passions(热情)and dreams. ◎参考答案 1.A 2.believe 3.believe in 18.in common 共同的；共有的 [教材语境] What quality do Betty and Max have in common? ◆have something in common 有共同之处；有共同点 ◆have...in common 有…… 共同点 ◆have a lot in common 有很多共同点 ◆have nothing in common 毫无共同之处 19.secret n.秘密；秘诀 [教材语境] I can tell her anything because she's great at keeping secrets. ◆keep a/the secret (for sb.) (为某人)保守秘密 ◆keep a secret to oneself 把秘密放在心里 ◆the secret of success 成功的秘诀 →secret adj.秘密的 ◆keep sth.secret 保密 ◆secret information/talks 秘密信息/会谈 →secretly adv.秘密地 ·A good friend should know how to keep secrets. 一个好朋友应该知道如何保守秘密。 ·He kept the secret for many years. 他保守这个秘密很多年。 ·This is a secret,so please keep it to yourself. 这是一个秘密，所以请保密。 ·She decided to keep the news secret until the right time. 她决定在合适的时机之前保密这个消息。 [考点精析] 关于“保密”的短语有： ◆keep a secret/secrets 保密； ◆keep it to yourself 不告诉别人； ◆keep sth.secret 保密某事。 ◆keep sth.under wraps 保密，不公开某事； [考点精析] 由keep构成的其他短语有： ◆keep one's promise 信守诺言； ◆keep sth.in order 保持某物整齐； ◆keep fit = keep healthy 保持健康； ◆keep on doing sth. 继续做某事； ◆keep doing sth. 继续做某事； ◆keep in mind 记住； ◆keep calm = stay calm 保持冷静； ◆keep away from 远离； ◆keep up with 跟上，不落后 [考点训练-实际运用] 1.—Can you tell your best friend everything about yourself? —Of course.She can . A.keep secrets B.share my joy C.make me happy D.worry about me 2.It's an important task.You must (保密). 3.如果你承诺保守这个秘密，我会告诉你的。 If you promise to keep it ,I will tell you about it. ◎参考答案 1.A 2.keep it/a secret 3.to yourself 20.it's good to do sth. [教材语境] And it's good to share interests with our best friends. 与我们最好的朋友一起分享兴趣是极好的。 [考点精析] 在句子中，it是形式主语，is为系动词，good是表语， to share interests with our best friends是真正主语说明it指的具体内容。 ·It's important to study hard.努力学习很重要。 ·It's necessary for students to wear uniforms. 对学生来说，穿校服是必要的。 ·It's surprising that she won the competition. 令人惊讶的是，她赢得了比赛。 ·It's a challenge to learn a new language. 学习一门新语言是一个挑战。 [考点拓展精析] 在英语中，当动词不定式(to do)、动名词(doing)或从句作主语时，为避免头重脚轻，常用it作形式主语，将真正主语后置。 在固定句式“It's+形容词+to do sth.”中，It是形式主语，真正的主语是to do sth.。 类似结构有： 结构 用法 例句 It's+形容词+to do sth. 表示“做某事的性质或感受” It's important to study hard. 努力学习很重要。 It's+形容词+for sb.+to do sth. 表示“对某人来说做某事是……的” It's difficult for me to solve this problem. 对我来说，解决这个问题很难。 It's+形容词+that从句 表示“某事是……的” It's clear that he is lying. 很明显，他在说谎。 It's +a/an +名词+to do sth. 表示“做某事是……的” It's a pleasure to meet you. 很高兴见到你。 [考点训练-实际运用] 1.It's necessary for you your ideas with others and learn from others. A. share B. to share C. sharing D.shared 2.It is a pity he lost his way in the forest and had to stay there for the whole night. A. That B.when C. where D.who 3.It's a pleasure (work)together with you in the company. 4.到达山顶很难，但中途停下来很遗憾，所以不要放弃。 It's hard the top of the mountain,but to stop halfway,so don't give up. ◎参考答案 1.B 2.A 3.to work 4.to reach; it's a pity 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $