Unit 2 课时6 Section B 3a -3c（分层作业）英语新教材鲁教版五四制九年级全一册

**基本信息** 本练习以A/B/C组+拓展四级分层设计，构建“词汇-句型-语篇-中考”递进路径，兼顾语言能力夯实与思维品质提升，适配新授课差异化巩固需求。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |A组 巩固过关|核心词汇（操作、资源等）、基础句型（被动语态）|机械默写与汉译英结合，强化语言知识记忆| |B组 能力进阶|语法应用（非谓语、时态语态）、语篇补全|动词形式填空与阅读还原，衔接基础与综合| |C组 思维拔高|跨主题阅读（地球自转、宇航员培养）|细节理解与逻辑推理题，提升信息加工能力| |拓展 链接中考|完形填空、阅读填空等中考题型|真题适配设计，融合文化意识与综合语言运用|

Unit 2 Beyond Earth 课时6 Section B (3a-3c) 分层作业 参考答案 核心知识速记 词汇: operate 句型:1.will be built 2.be developed, tested, and operated 3. be used to 4. can be found 一、单词默写。 1. operate 2. benefit 3. technology 4. resource 二、词组默写。 1. a research station 2. quite a few 3. achieve many things 4. develop new technologies 5. explore the universe 6. during my lifetime 7. energy resource 三、、根据汉语提示完成句子 1.achieved many things 2. will be built 3. for scientists to find it 4. to collect the sun’s energy 一、用所给动的正确形式填空。 1. to cooperate 2. to help 3. to finish 4. are planted 5. will be built 6. was built 7. be encouraged 二、阅读还原。 1. B 2. F 3. A 4. D 5. C 一、阅读理解 1．C 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．A 6．E 7．F 8．D 9．B 10．C 二、书面表达 【参考范文】 There is no doubt that health is important to everyone. As middle school students, we should keep healthy in these ways. First, we need to eat a balanced diet. Eat more fruit and vegetables and less junk food. Second, it’s necessary to take exercise every day, like running or playing ball games. Third, get enough sleep by going to bed early and getting up early. Last, keep a positive mind. Talk with friends or parents when feeling upset. If we stick to these good habits, we will grow up healthily. 一、完形填空 1．A 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．B 6．D 7．B 8．A 9．D 10．A 11．B 12．D 13．C 14．B 15．C 二、阅读理解 1．B 2．D 3．C 4．C 5．B 三、阅读填空 1． largest 2．on 3．to protect 4．ways 5．have discovered 6．carefully 7．what 8．them 9．is carried 10．will lead ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $Unit 2 Beyond Earth 课时6 Section B (3a-3c) 分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 词汇 ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 操作；运行 ___________ 句型 1. 我的太空梦想是有朝一日能在月球上建成一座研究站。 My space dream is that one day a research station ___________ on the moon. 2. 新技术可以在那里得到研发、测试与运行。 New technologies can there _______________________. 3. 之后这些技术能够被用来助力在火星以及其他行星建造基地。 These technologies can then _____________help build stations on Mars and other planets. 4. 其次，更多资源会被人类发现。 Second, more resources_____________ . 一、单词默写。 1. 运转；运行；操作 ________ 2. 益处；好处；有益于；受益 ________ 3. 科技；技术 ________ 4. 资源 ________ 二、词组默写。 1. 研究站 ________________ 2. 许多，不少 ________________ 3. 实现许多成就 ________________ 4. 研发新技术 ________________ 5. 探索宇宙 ________________ 6. 在我的有生之年 ________________ 7. 能源 ________________ 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. 人类已经实现了许多曾经只存在于幻想中的事情。 Humans have_____________ that were once only dreams. 2. 我希望月球科研站能在不久的将来建成。 I hope the research station on the moon______________ in the near future. 3. 科学家们只是需要时间去找到它。 It will just take time ______________. 4. 我的太空梦诗建造卫星来收集太阳能并将其输送到地球。 My space dram is to build a satellite ______________ and send it to Earth 一、用所给动的正确形式填空。 1. It will be a good place for scientists ____________( cooperate) and do space research together. 2.These technologies can then be used ____________( help ) build stations on Mars and other planets. 3. It took Tom half an hour _________( finish )his homework. 4. Many trees___________( plant) every year in our village. 5. A new bridge ___________(build) next year. 6. Zhaozhou Bridge __________(build) during the Sui Dynasty. 7. Teenagers should ___________(encourage) to have their own dreams. 二、阅读还原。 My Space Dream My space dream is that one day a research station will be built on the moon. I believe there are quite a few benefits. 1. _______________ First, it will be a good place for scientists to cooperate and do space research together. New technologies can be developed, tested, and operated there. 2. _______________ These technologies can then be used to help build stations on Mars and other planets. Second, more resources can be found. I think the moon may have some special kind of energy resource that can be useful to Earth. 3. _______________ It will just take time for scientists to find it. Third, people may live and work there. Tourists will also be able to visit. I want to be one of the first visitors. 4. _______________ 5. _______________ I hope the research station on the moon will be built in the near future, and I hope it will happen during my lifetime. A. This kind of new energy will help solve the energy problem on Earth. B. Here are three main advantages of building the moon station. C. Humans have achieved many things that were once only dreams. D. I hope that one day we humans can spend holidays in space and explore the universe. E. However, living on the moon is not easy for common people. F. They can also do many other science experiments there. G. Everyone will be able to travel to space in the future. 一、阅读理解 A Have you ever felt a day pass by super quickly? This summer, it really did! In July and August, scientists recorded several of the fastest days in recent history. On these days, the earth spun (旋转) a tiny bit faster than normal—about one thousandth of a second faster. We all know a day is 24 hours long. That’s 1,440 minutes, or 86,400 seconds. That’s how long it usually takes the earth to spin around once, but that’s only an average. In reality, the earth’s spin changes slightly every day. Sometimes it’s slower. Sometimes, like this summer, it’s faster. For thousands of years, people used the earth’s spin to tell time. But in the 1950s, scientists began using atomic (原子的) clocks. These clocks are based on how fast atoms vibrate (振动). They can exactly measure tiny changes in the earth’s speed—just a few milliseconds. That is far quicker than the blink of an eye! In July 2024, the fastest day ever was recorded. The earth finished its spin about 1.65 milliseconds early. This year, July 9 and August 5 were also “fast days”. On each, the earth turned about 1.3 milliseconds faster than usual. ★ ? The moon’s gravity (重力) plays a big role. As the moon circles around the earth, sometimes it’s closer and sometimes it’s farther away. And the moon’s orbit① itself doesn’t stay fixed—it moves in space. Other factors, such as the earth’s atmosphere② and major wind systems, can also influence the earth’s spin. It may be surprising that the earth’s core, which is the center deep inside our planet, can influence its speed as well. Even though we’ve had some fast days recently, scientists say that over millions of years, the earth is actually slowing down. It loses a couple of milliseconds every hundred years. So, if you feel like time is flying, enjoy it—our planet won’t keep up this pace forever.Notes: ①orbit: 天体等运行的轨道；②atmosphere: 围绕地球的大气层。 1．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 1 refer to? A．The moon. B．The earth. C．A day. D．A summer. 2．What can we know about atomic clocks? A．They can tell the changes of the earth’s speed. B．They were invented in 1950. C．They can change the speed of the earth’s spin. D．They made atoms vibrate faster. 3．Which of the following can be put in ★ ? A．How should we deal with the situation B．When does the earth become slow or fast C．What makes our planet speed up or slow down D．Why is the change so important to our daily lives 4．What influence(s) the speed of the earth’s spin? ①The moon’s gravity and orbit.                    ②The earth’s atmosphere. ③The wind systems.                            ④The earth’s core. A．① B．②③ C．①②③ D．①②③④ 5．According to the last paragraph, what message does the writer make clear? A．Live in the moment. B．Forget about the past. C．Worry about our future. D．Stop working hard. B（阅读还原） Are you one of Earth’s next generation of astronauts? 6 What do aspiring (有抱负的) astronauts do to prepare for the possibility of a career in space? Alyssa Carson’s dream is to be the first person on Mars. As a child, Alyssa read as much as possible about Mars.  This included going to a space - themed camp for the first time at the age of seven. 7 . At these camps, future astronauts get the chance to experience the work of astronauts. 8 If you’re interested, here  are some suggestions for you. Astronauts must be in excellent physical condition. 9 It needs a balanced diet, regular exercise and plenty of sleep. Astronauts need to meet a lot of physical challenges. Astronauts also need to meet a lot of emotional  (情绪的) challenges. Take every chance to practice team building, leadership, and problem-solving skills. More importantly, astronauts need to have wide knowledge in math and science. 10 Don’t forget languages! In addition to English, you’ll need to know other languages such as Russian and Chinese to communicate successfully. A．Your ability is very important. B．Now, it is the time to begin a healthy lifestyle. C．Every astronaut must be a very strong-minded and knowledgeable person. D．There are many ways to prepare for a future in space. E．If your answer is “Yes”, it won’t be an impossible dream. F．Alyssa has attended more than 20 such camps since then. G．Becoming an astronaut requires years of training and dedication. 二、书面表达 近年来，为培养德、智、体、美、劳全面发展的时代新人，全国各地各校积极地行动起来，深入践行“健康第一”“身心共育”的育人理念，我国学生的健康水平迈上了新台阶。如何成长为更健康的中学生？请你从饮食、运动、睡眠、心态等方面提出建议。 参考信息： eat a balanced diet, take exercise, get enough sleep, positive, necessary 要求： 1．内容必须包括所有要点，可适当发挥，以使行文连贯； 2．文中不得出现真实的人名、校名和地名； 3．80-100词，开头已给出，不计入总词数。 There is no doubt that health is important to everyone. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 一、完形填空 （2026· 济南高新区一模） A long time ago, there lived two woodcutters called Barry and Kent in a village. Every morning, they went out into the forest and cut wood to sell at a nearby market. One hot day, the woodcutters were eating their lunch under a tree 1 a beggar (乞丐) came walking towards them. “My name is Clark, and I’m very 2 ,” said the beggar, as he walked up to the two woodcutters. “Can you 3 a little of your lunch for me?” Barry felt great 4 for Clark, and he took from his bag some food that he 5 for later, and wanted to give it to the poor man. But to his surprise, Kent, who was a 6 man too, stopped him from offering the food. Kent said to Clark, “We both work all day long and we only have enough food to get us through the day. But if you wish, I can lend you my ax (斧子) and 7 you to cut wood. Then you can sell the wood. And you will have a good 8 of buying yourself food.” Clark looked a bit unhappy because he had been so looking forward to the food. But after a second thought, he took Kent’s ax, and then watched 9 as Kent explained how to cut wood. Clark was 10 at first, but hours later, he began to cut more quickly. At the end of the day, the three men walked to the market, 11 the wood that they had cut. Very soon, all of their wood was 12 . “Look at this!” Clark said with 13 . “It’s amazing! I have never had so much money in my life!” “You have done well. After all, it was your first 14 ,” said Kent, and then he took Clark to a shop in the town and helped him 15 an ax. “Thank you for everything you did for me,” Clark said to Kent and walked away happily. 1．A．when B．though C．unless D．after 2．A．shy B．sleepy C．hungry D．thirsty 3．A．collect B．heat C．check D．spare 4．A．pity B．fear C．hate D．pride 5．A．served B．kept C．tasted D．wasted 6．A．funny B．lazy C．brave D．kind 7．A．leave B．teach C．force D．warn 8．A．chance B．game C．excuse D．place 9．A．coldly B．secretly C．doubtfully D．carefully 10．A．slow B．silent C．crazy D．serious 11．A．passing B．carrying C．storing D．throwing 12．A．sent off B．given away C．used up D．sold out 13．A．attention B．shame C．excitement D．patience 14．A．trip B．try C．plan D．order 15．A．return B．repair C．choose D．clean 二、阅读理解 (2026. 湖北中考） Jenny first got into motorsport (赛车运动) by watching her younger brother, Bill, drive his kart (卡丁赛车). Every time he took off his helmet (头盔) with a big smile, she became more fascinated. Soon after, she took the wheel herself. She started out in karts, racing at state level and then nationally, and got good results early on. She got into the 2023 Ferrari training camp and was invited to enter a top Italian racing school. She then won Best New Driver in November 2024, and moved up to the Spanish F4 (一种入门级赛车比赛). In February 2025, she became a driver of the F1 Academy — races for women racers. Racing needs a strong mind, not just fast driving. Starting karting at 9 taught her how hard the sport is on the mind and how discouraging and exciting it can be all at once. Now, Jenny talks with a coach every week and acts out situations she’s likely to face, which helps her stay calm under pressure and keep focused in races. Since she travels a lot for racing, Jenny has to study online. And she misses her friends’ birthdays. Always being on the way means leaving behind her loved things like her home, her school and the people she grew up with. As a woman driver, Jenny has faced doubts, but she believes love and performance speak loudest. She hopes to encourage more girls to go for their dreams. She enjoys the speed and excitement of driving. Her biggest dream is to become the first woman F1 driver in her country. 1．When did Jenny become interested in motorsport? A．When she enjoyed a race on TV. B．When she watched Bill drive his kart. C．When she got a dream helmet. D．When she attended a racing school. 2．What does Paragraph 2 focus on? A．The history of the F1 Academy. B．Jenny’s educational background. C．The development of the Spanish F4. D．Jenny’s big moments in motor racing. 3．How does Jenny keep her mind strong? A．By playing sports every day. B．By learning from other racers. C．By working with a coach before races. D．By competing with her brother. 4．What can be inferred from paragraph 4? A．Jenny can balance her life well. B．Jenny values her free time most. C．Jenny makes great efforts for racing. D．Jenny might travel a lot with her friends. 5．What would be the best title for the passage? A．No Doubt, No Success B．Driven to Fly C．The Younger, The Better D．Born to Coach 三、阅读填空 （2025·青岛中考） How Technology Helps Emperor Penguins With the development of science and technology, we have learned a lot about animals. Emperor penguins can grow up to 1.2 meters tall, and they are the 1 (large) of all the penguin kinds. In 2022, they were listed as endangered animals because the Antarctic sea ice that they live 2 is becoming smaller and smaller. Now scientists are using high technology to follow them and learn more about how 3 (protect) them. One of the 4 (way) researchers are able to do this is by looking at pictures taken by satellites above the Earth. Large groups of emperor penguins can be seen from space. When scientists first started using satellites to look at the penguins, there were only 28 groups. So far, scientists 5 (discover) 66 groups. Even using satellites, it is so difficult to count how many penguins live in different groups. Scientists can improve population estimates (估计) by watching the area’s weather 6 (careful). Measuring the wind speed and temperature can help predict if the penguins gather closely together or spread apart across the ice. If scientists know 7 the weather was like when the pictures were taken, they can estimate how many penguins are pictured. Scientists can also watch penguins’ movements by giving 8 (they) special electronic tags. A scanner 9 (carry) by a robot, and it can read information on the tags. The robot also uses AI to recognize the penguins. It moves very slowly so that it doesn’t make the birds stressed. Daniel, one of the penguin researchers, hopes the technology 10 (lead) us to a “golden age of research”. Thanks to technology, we are seeing more things that no one has ever seen before. $ Unit 2 Beyond Earth 课时6 Section B (3a-3c) 分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 词汇 ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 操作；运行operate 句型 1. 我的太空梦想是有朝一日能在月球上建成一座研究站。 My space dream is that one day a research station will be built on the moon. 2. 新技术可以在那里得到研发、测试与运行。 New technologies can be developed, tested, and operated there. 3. 之后这些技术能够被用来助力在火星以及其他行星建造基地。 These technologies can then be used to help build stations on Mars and other planets. 4. 其次，更多资源会被人类发现。 Second, more resources can be found. 一、单词默写。 1. 运转；运行；操作 ________ 2. 益处；好处；有益于；受益 ________ 3. 科技；技术 ________ 4. 资源 ________ 【答案】1. operate 2. benefit 3. technology 4. resource 二、词组默写。 1. 研究站 ________________ 2. 许多，不少 ________________ 3. 实现许多成就 ________________ 4. 研发新技术 ________________ 5. 探索宇宙 ________________ 6. 在我的有生之年 ________________ 7. 能源 ________________ 【答案】1. a research station 2. quite a few 3. achieve many things 4. develop new technologies 5. explore the universe 6. during my lifetime 7. energy resource 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. 人类已经实现了许多曾经只存在于幻想中的事情。 Humans have_____________ that were once only dreams. 2. 我希望月球科研站能在不久的将来建成。 I hope the research station on the moon______________ in the near future. 3. 科学家们只是需要时间去找到它。 It will just take time ______________. 4. 我的太空梦诗建造卫星来收集太阳能并将其输送到地球。 My space dram is to build a satellite ______________ and send it to Earth 【答案】1.achieved many things 2. will be built 3. for scientists to find it 4. to collect the sun’s energy 一、用所给动的正确形式填空。 1. It will be a good place for scientists ____________( cooperate) and do space research together. 2.These technologies can then be used ____________( help ) build stations on Mars and other planets. 3. It took Tom half an hour _________( finish )his homework. 4. Many trees___________( plant) every year in our village. 5. A new bridge ___________(build) next year. 6. Zhaozhou Bridge __________(build) during the Sui Dynasty. 7. Teenagers should ___________(encourage) to have their own dreams. 【答案】1. to cooperate 2. to help 3. to finish 4. are planted 5. will be built 6. was built 7. be encouraged 【解析】 1. 句意：这里会是科学家合作开展太空研究的好地方。 固定句型 It is a good place for sb. to do sth.，不定式作后置定语，故填to cooperate。 2. 句意：这些技术能被用来助力在火星和其他行星建造基地。 固定搭配 be used to do sth. 被用来做某事，不定式表目的，故填to help。 3. 句意：汤姆花了半小时写完作业。 固定句型 It takes sb. some time to do sth. 花费某人多久做某事，故填to finish。 4. 句意：我们村庄每年都会栽种很多树。 every year为一般现在时；树木和种植是被动关系，复数主语用are done，故填are planted。 5. 句意：明年将会修建一座新桥。 next year为一般将来时；桥梁和建造是被动关系，将来时被动结构will be done，故填will be built。 6. 句意：赵州桥修建于隋朝。 the Sui Dynasty是过去时间；桥和建造是被动关系，单数主语用was done，故填was built。 7. 句意：青少年应当被鼓励拥有自己的梦想。 情态动词should后接动词原形；青少年和鼓励是被动关系，情态动词被动结构should be done，故填be encouraged。 二、阅读还原。 My Space Dream My space dream is that one day a research station will be built on the moon. I believe there are quite a few benefits. 1. _______________ First, it will be a good place for scientists to cooperate and do space research together. New technologies can be developed, tested, and operated there. 2. _______________ These technologies can then be used to help build stations on Mars and other planets. Second, more resources can be found. I think the moon may have some special kind of energy resource that can be useful to Earth. 3. _______________ It will just take time for scientists to find it. Third, people may live and work there. Tourists will also be able to visit. I want to be one of the first visitors. 4. _______________ 5. _______________ I hope the research station on the moon will be built in the near future, and I hope it will happen during my lifetime. A. This kind of new energy will help solve the energy problem on Earth. B. Here are three main advantages of building the moon station. C. Humans have achieved many things that were once only dreams. D. I hope that one day we humans can spend holidays in space and explore the universe. E. However, living on the moon is not easy for common people. F. They can also do many other science experiments there. G. Everyone will be able to travel to space in the future. 【答案】 1. B 2. F 3. A 4. D 5. C 【解析】 【导语】作者梦想建造月球科研站，从科研、能源、太空旅行三点说明好处，希望有生之年能够实现这个梦想。1. B 前文提及月球科研站益处颇多，下文分三点展开论述，该句起到承上启下的作用。 2. F 本段围绕太空科研、新技术研发展开，此句补充科学家可在此开展各类科学实验，贴合段落中心。 3. A 上文讲到月球存在可服务地球的特殊能源，该句点明这类新能源能缓解地球能源难题。 4. D 前文说游客可前往月球参观，该句进一步畅想人类未来能去太空度假、探索宇宙。 5. C 此句总括前文，人类曾实现诸多空想，自然引出作者期盼月球科研站早日建成。 一、阅读理解 A Have you ever felt a day pass by super quickly? This summer, it really did! In July and August, scientists recorded several of the fastest days in recent history. On these days, the earth spun (旋转) a tiny bit faster than normal—about one thousandth of a second faster. We all know a day is 24 hours long. That’s 1,440 minutes, or 86,400 seconds. That’s how long it usually takes the earth to spin around once, but that’s only an average. In reality, the earth’s spin changes slightly every day. Sometimes it’s slower. Sometimes, like this summer, it’s faster. For thousands of years, people used the earth’s spin to tell time. But in the 1950s, scientists began using atomic (原子的) clocks. These clocks are based on how fast atoms vibrate (振动). They can exactly measure tiny changes in the earth’s speed—just a few milliseconds. That is far quicker than the blink of an eye! In July 2024, the fastest day ever was recorded. The earth finished its spin about 1.65 milliseconds early. This year, July 9 and August 5 were also “fast days”. On each, the earth turned about 1.3 milliseconds faster than usual. ★ ? The moon’s gravity (重力) plays a big role. As the moon circles around the earth, sometimes it’s closer and sometimes it’s farther away. And the moon’s orbit① itself doesn’t stay fixed—it moves in space. Other factors, such as the earth’s atmosphere② and major wind systems, can also influence the earth’s spin. It may be surprising that the earth’s core, which is the center deep inside our planet, can influence its speed as well. Even though we’ve had some fast days recently, scientists say that over millions of years, the earth is actually slowing down. It loses a couple of milliseconds every hundred years. So, if you feel like time is flying, enjoy it—our planet won’t keep up this pace forever.Notes: ①orbit: 天体等运行的轨道；②atmosphere: 围绕地球的大气层。 1．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 1 refer to? A．The moon. B．The earth. C．A day. D．A summer. 2．What can we know about atomic clocks? A．They can tell the changes of the earth’s speed. B．They were invented in 1950. C．They can change the speed of the earth’s spin. D．They made atoms vibrate faster. 3．Which of the following can be put in ★ ? A．How should we deal with the situation B．When does the earth become slow or fast C．What makes our planet speed up or slow down D．Why is the change so important to our daily lives 4．What influence(s) the speed of the earth’s spin? ①The moon’s gravity and orbit.                    ②The earth’s atmosphere. ③The wind systems.                            ④The earth’s core. A．① B．②③ C．①②③ D．①②③④ 5．According to the last paragraph, what message does the writer make clear? A．Live in the moment. B．Forget about the past. C．Worry about our future. D．Stop working hard. 【答案 】1．C 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．A 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了近年地球自转加快出现多个超快日的现象，讲解了影响自转速度的各类因素，呼吁人们享受当下的时光。 1．根据第一段“Have you ever felt a day pass by super quickly? This summer, it really did!”可知，前文提出问题“你是否曾觉得一天过得飞快？”，紧接着指出“这个夏天，它确实如此”，所以it指代前文中提到的a day。 2．根据第三段“But in the 1950s, scientists began using atomic (原子的) clocks…They can exactly measure tiny changes in the earth’s speed—just a few milliseconds.”可知，它们能分辨出地球自转速度的变化。 3．第五段空格后内容依次介绍了多种影响地球自转速度的因素（包括月球引力、地球大气层等），是对“地球转速变化的原因”这一问题的回答，C选项“什么让我们的星球加速或减速”符合段落主题。 4．根据第五段“The moon’s gravity (重力) plays a big role.”、“And the moon’s orbit itself doesn’t stay fixed—it moves in space.”、“Other factors, such as the earth’s atmosphere and major wind systems, can also influence the earth’s spin.”和“It may be surprising that the earth’s core, which is the center deep inside our planet, can influence its speed as well.”可知，影响地球自转速度的因素包括月球引力和轨道、地球大气层、主要风系统和地核，①②③④均正确。 5．根据最后一段“So, if you feel like time is flying, enjoy it—our planet won’t keep up this pace forever.”可知，作者点明“如果你觉得时间飞逝，那就享受它——我们的星球不会永远保持这个速度”，传达出要活在当下、享受当下的观点。 B（阅读还原） Are you one of Earth’s next generation of astronauts? 6 What do aspiring (有抱负的) astronauts do to prepare for the possibility of a career in space? Alyssa Carson’s dream is to be the first person on Mars. As a child, Alyssa read as much as possible about Mars.  This included going to a space - themed camp for the first time at the age of seven. 7 . At these camps, future astronauts get the chance to experience the work of astronauts. 8 If you’re interested, here  are some suggestions for you. Astronauts must be in excellent physical condition. 9 It needs a balanced diet, regular exercise and plenty of sleep. Astronauts need to meet a lot of physical challenges. Astronauts also need to meet a lot of emotional  (情绪的) challenges. Take every chance to practice team building, leadership, and problem-solving skills. More importantly, astronauts need to have wide knowledge in math and science. 10 Don’t forget languages! In addition to English, you’ll need to know other languages such as Russian and Chinese to communicate successfully. A．Your ability is very important. B．Now, it is the time to begin a healthy lifestyle. C．Every astronaut must be a very strong-minded and knowledgeable person. D．There are many ways to prepare for a future in space. E．If your answer is “Yes”, it won’t be an impossible dream. F．Alyssa has attended more than 20 such camps since then. G．Becoming an astronaut requires years of training and dedication. 【答案】6．E 7．F 8．D 9．B 10．C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，以追梦登陆火星的Alyssa为例，介绍成为宇航员需要在身体、心理、学识、语言等方面做好相关准备。 6．根据“Are you one of Earth’s next generation of astronauts?” 可知，此处承接问句作答。选项E中的语句“If your answer is‘Yes’, it won’t be an impossible dream.”与此相符，该句针对上文提问给出回应，衔接后文如何备战航天事业的问题。 7．根据“This included going to a space-themed camp for the first time at the age of seven.”可知，此处承接七岁参加太空主题营地的相关内容。选项F“Alyssa has attended more than 20 such camps since then.”内容对应，该句讲述此后她参加二十余场同类营地，顺承上文经历，衔接后文营地体验细节。 8．根据“If you’re interested, here are some suggestions for you.”可知，本句引出成为太空从业者的相关建议。选项D“There are many ways to prepare for a future in space.”起到过渡作用，承接前文引出下文各类准备方法。 9．根据“Astronauts must be in excellent physical condition.”和“It needs a balanced diet, regular exercise and plenty of sleep.”可知，后文围绕健康作息展开。选项B“Now, it is the time to begin a healthy lifestyle.”衔接宇航员身体素质要求，引出均衡饮食等健康内容。 10．根据“More importantly, astronauts need to have wide knowledge in math and science.”可知，前文点明宇航员需要丰富学科知识。选项C“Every astronaut must be a very strong-minded and knowledgeable person.”概括宇航员素养，承接学识要求，自然过渡到后文学习外语的内容。 二、书面表达 近年来，为培养德、智、体、美、劳全面发展的时代新人，全国各地各校积极地行动起来，深入践行“健康第一”“身心共育”的育人理念，我国学生的健康水平迈上了新台阶。如何成长为更健康的中学生？请你从饮食、运动、睡眠、心态等方面提出建议。 参考信息： eat a balanced diet, take exercise, get enough sleep, positive, necessary 要求： 1．内容必须包括所有要点，可适当发挥，以使行文连贯； 2．文中不得出现真实的人名、校名和地名； 3．80-100词，开头已给出，不计入总词数。 There is no doubt that health is important to everyone. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【参考范文】 There is no doubt that health is important to everyone. As middle school students, we should keep healthy in these ways. First, we need to eat a balanced diet. Eat more fruit and vegetables and less junk food. Second, it’s necessary to take exercise every day, like running or playing ball games. Third, get enough sleep by going to bed early and getting up early. Last, keep a positive mind. Talk with friends or parents when feeling upset. If we stick to these good habits, we will grow up healthily. 一、完形填空 （2026· 济南高新区一模） A long time ago, there lived two woodcutters called Barry and Kent in a village. Every morning, they went out into the forest and cut wood to sell at a nearby market. One hot day, the woodcutters were eating their lunch under a tree 1 a beggar (乞丐) came walking towards them. “My name is Clark, and I’m very 2 ,” said the beggar, as he walked up to the two woodcutters. “Can you 3 a little of your lunch for me?” Barry felt great 4 for Clark, and he took from his bag some food that he 5 for later, and wanted to give it to the poor man. But to his surprise, Kent, who was a 6 man too, stopped him from offering the food. Kent said to Clark, “We both work all day long and we only have enough food to get us through the day. But if you wish, I can lend you my ax (斧子) and 7 you to cut wood. Then you can sell the wood. And you will have a good 8 of buying yourself food.” Clark looked a bit unhappy because he had been so looking forward to the food. But after a second thought, he took Kent’s ax, and then watched 9 as Kent explained how to cut wood. Clark was 10 at first, but hours later, he began to cut more quickly. At the end of the day, the three men walked to the market, 11 the wood that they had cut. Very soon, all of their wood was 12 . “Look at this!” Clark said with 13 . “It’s amazing! I have never had so much money in my life!” “You have done well. After all, it was your first 14 ,” said Kent, and then he took Clark to a shop in the town and helped him 15 an ax. “Thank you for everything you did for me,” Clark said to Kent and walked away happily. 1．A．when B．though C．unless D．after 2．A．shy B．sleepy C．hungry D．thirsty 3．A．collect B．heat C．check D．spare 4．A．pity B．fear C．hate D．pride 5．A．served B．kept C．tasted D．wasted 6．A．funny B．lazy C．brave D．kind 7．A．leave B．teach C．force D．warn 8．A．chance B．game C．excuse D．place 9．A．coldly B．secretly C．doubtfully D．carefully 10．A．slow B．silent C．crazy D．serious 11．A．passing B．carrying C．storing D．throwing 12．A．sent off B．given away C．used up D．sold out 13．A．attention B．shame C．excitement D．patience 14．A．trip B．try C．plan D．order 15．A．return B．repair C．choose D．clean 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．B 6．D 7．B 8．A 9．D 10．A 11．B 12．D 13．C 14．B 15．C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍肯特教克拉克砍柴的故事。 1．句意：在一个炎热的午后，伐木工人正在一棵树下吃午饭，这时一个乞丐正朝他们走来。 when何时；though虽然；unless除非；after在之后。根据“the woodcutters were eating their lunch under a tree...a beggar (乞丐) came walking towards them”可知，此处表示动作同时发生，用when引导时间状语从句。故选A。 2．句意：我叫克拉克，我非常饿。 shy害羞的；sleepy困倦的；hungry饥饿的；thirsty口渴的。根据“Can you...a little of your lunch for me?”可知，想要一些食物，所以是饿了，故选C。 3．句意：你们能给我分一点你们的午餐吗？ collect收集；heat加热；check检查；spare匀出。根据“Can you...a little of your lunch for me?”可知，请对方匀一点午餐给自己，故选D。 4．句意：巴里对克拉克深表同情，于是从自己的包里拿出了一些平时准备留着以后吃的食物，想送给这位穷人。 pity同情；fear害怕；hate讨厌；pride骄傲。根据“Barry felt great...for Clark, and he took from his bag some food...”可知，巴里对克拉克深表同情，故选A。 5．句意：巴里对克拉克深表同情，于是从自己的包里拿出了一些平时准备留着以后吃的食物，想送给这位穷人。 served服务；kept保留；tasted品尝；wasted浪费。根据“and he took from his bag some food that he...for later”可知，从自己的包里拿出了一些平时准备留着以后吃的食物，故选B。 6．句意：但令他惊讶的是，肯特也是一个善良的人，他阻止了巴里把食物送给克拉克。 funny滑稽的；lazy懒惰的；brave勇敢的；kind善良的。根据“But to his surprise, Kent, who was a...man too, stopped him from offering the food.”可知，肯特也是一个善良的人，但是却阻止了巴里，故选D。 7．句意：但如果你愿意的话，我可以把我的斧子借给你，并教你如何砍柴。 leave离开；teach教；force强迫；warn警告。根据“I can lend you my ax (斧子) and...you to cut wood.”可知，教克拉克如何砍柴，故选B。 8．句意：这样你就有机会自己买到食物了。 chance机会；game游戏；excuse借口；place地点。根据“And you will have a good...of buying yourself food.”可知，砍柴卖木材，就可以有机会自己买食物，故选A。 9．句意：但经过一番思考后，他拿起了肯特的斧子，然后仔细地观察着肯特演示如何砍伐木材。 coldly冷淡地；secretly秘密地；doubtfully怀疑地；carefully仔细地。根据“and then watched...as Kent explained how to cut wood”可知，仔细地观察着肯特演示如何砍伐木材，故选D。 10．句意：克拉克一开始动作很慢，但几个小时后，他开始砍伐得更快了。 slow缓慢的；silent寂静的；crazy疯狂的；serious严肃的。根据“Clark was...at first, but hours later, he began to cut more quickly.”可知，一开始动作很慢，故选A。 11．句意：最终，这三个人走向了市场，手里拿着他们砍好的木材。 passing通过；carrying拿；storing储存；throwing扔。根据“At the end of the day, the three men walked to the market, ...the wood that they had cut.”可知，拿着他们砍好的木材去市场，故选B。 12．句意：很快，他们所有的木材都卖光了。 sent off送别；given away赠送；used up用光；sold out卖光。根据“Very soon, all of their wood was...”可知，很快所有的木材都卖光了，故选D。 13．句意：“看这个！”克拉克兴奋地说道。 attention关注；shame羞愧；excitement激动；patience耐心。根据“It’s amazing! I have never had so much money in my life!”可知，克拉克很兴奋，故选C。 14．句意：毕竟，这是你第一次尝试啊。 trip旅行；try尝试；plan计划；order命令。根据“it was your first...”可知，是克拉克第一次尝试，故选B。 15．句意：然后他带着克拉克去了镇上的一家商店，帮他在那里挑选了一把斧子。 return返回；repair修理；choose挑选；clean打扫。根据“and then he took Clark to a shop in the town and helped him...an ax”可知，去商店帮克拉克挑选了一把斧子，故选C。 二、阅读理解 (2026. 湖北中考） Jenny first got into motorsport (赛车运动) by watching her younger brother, Bill, drive his kart (卡丁赛车). Every time he took off his helmet (头盔) with a big smile, she became more fascinated. Soon after, she took the wheel herself. She started out in karts, racing at state level and then nationally, and got good results early on. She got into the 2023 Ferrari training camp and was invited to enter a top Italian racing school. She then won Best New Driver in November 2024, and moved up to the Spanish F4 (一种入门级赛车比赛). In February 2025, she became a driver of the F1 Academy — races for women racers. Racing needs a strong mind, not just fast driving. Starting karting at 9 taught her how hard the sport is on the mind and how discouraging and exciting it can be all at once. Now, Jenny talks with a coach every week and acts out situations she’s likely to face, which helps her stay calm under pressure and keep focused in races. Since she travels a lot for racing, Jenny has to study online. And she misses her friends’ birthdays. Always being on the way means leaving behind her loved things like her home, her school and the people she grew up with. As a woman driver, Jenny has faced doubts, but she believes love and performance speak loudest. She hopes to encourage more girls to go for their dreams. She enjoys the speed and excitement of driving. Her biggest dream is to become the first woman F1 driver in her country. 1．When did Jenny become interested in motorsport? A．When she enjoyed a race on TV. B．When she watched Bill drive his kart. C．When she got a dream helmet. D．When she attended a racing school. 2．What does Paragraph 2 focus on? A．The history of the F1 Academy. B．Jenny’s educational background. C．The development of the Spanish F4. D．Jenny’s big moments in motor racing. 3．How does Jenny keep her mind strong? A．By playing sports every day. B．By learning from other racers. C．By working with a coach before races. D．By competing with her brother. 4．What can be inferred from paragraph 4? A．Jenny can balance her life well. B．Jenny values her free time most. C．Jenny makes great efforts for racing. D．Jenny might travel a lot with her friends. 5．What would be the best title for the passage? A．No Doubt, No Success B．Driven to Fly C．The Younger, The Better D．Born to Coach 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．C 5．B 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了女性赛车手Jenny从卡丁车起步，逐步晋升至F1 Academy的成长历程，以及她在心理训练、平衡生活与训练、面对质疑等方面的经历和梦想。 1． 根据第一段第一句“Jenny first got into motorsport... by watching her younger brother, Bill, drive his kart.”可知，Jenny是通过观看弟弟Bill开卡丁车开始对赛车运动感兴趣的。 2．第二段按时间顺序列举了Jenny的职业生涯里程碑：从卡丁车比赛到2023年法拉利训练营，再到2024年获最佳新车手奖，直至2025年成为F1 Academy车手。这些内容主要聚焦于她在赛车运动中的重要时刻和发展历程。 3．根据第三段最后一句“Now, Jenny talks with a coach every week and acts out situations she’s likely to face, which helps her stay calm under pressure...”可知，她通过与教练沟通并模拟比赛情境来保持强大的心理状态。 4． 第四段提到Jenny为了赛车必须在线学习、错过朋友生日、离开家乡和亲人。这些牺牲表明她为了赛车梦想付出了巨大的努力和代价。 5．全文讲述了Jenny投身赛车运动、克服困难、追求成为F1女车手的梦想历程。因此最佳标题为“Driven to Fly”。“Driven”既指“驾驶”，也指“有动力的”；“Fly”比喻实现高远梦想。该标题双关且契合文章主旨。 三、阅读填空 （2025·青岛中考） How Technology Helps Emperor Penguins With the development of science and technology, we have learned a lot about animals. Emperor penguins can grow up to 1.2 meters tall, and they are the 1 (large) of all the penguin kinds. In 2022, they were listed as endangered animals because the Antarctic sea ice that they live 2 is becoming smaller and smaller. Now scientists are using high technology to follow them and learn more about how 3 (protect) them. One of the 4 (way) researchers are able to do this is by looking at pictures taken by satellites above the Earth. Large groups of emperor penguins can be seen from space. When scientists first started using satellites to look at the penguins, there were only 28 groups. So far, scientists 5 (discover) 66 groups. Even using satellites, it is so difficult to count how many penguins live in different groups. Scientists can improve population estimates (估计) by watching the area’s weather 6 (careful). Measuring the wind speed and temperature can help predict if the penguins gather closely together or spread apart across the ice. If scientists know 7 the weather was like when the pictures were taken, they can estimate how many penguins are pictured. Scientists can also watch penguins’ movements by giving 8 (they) special electronic tags. A scanner 9 (carry) by a robot, and it can read information on the tags. The robot also uses AI to recognize the penguins. It moves very slowly so that it doesn’t make the birds stressed. Daniel, one of the penguin researchers, hopes the technology 10 (lead) us to a “golden age of research”. Thanks to technology, we are seeing more things that no one has ever seen before. 【答案】1． largest 2．on 3．to protect 4．ways 5．have discovered 6．carefully 7．what 8．them 9．is carried 10．will lead 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了科技如何帮助帝企鹅，包括利用卫星观测、天气监测和电子标签等技术在研究帝企鹅方面的应用。 1．句意：帝企鹅可以长到1.2米高，是所有企鹅种类中最大的。根据“of all the penguin kinds”可知是所有企鹅种类中最大的，此处应用形容词最高级形式，large的最高级是largest“最大的”。故填largest。 2．句意：2022年，它们被列为濒危动物，因为它们生活的南极海冰越来越小。根据“the Antarctic sea ice that they live”可知是指帝企鹅生活在南极海冰上，用介词on。故填on。 3．句意：现在科学家们正在利用高科技追踪它们，了解更多保护它们的方法。protect“保护”，此处是结构“疑问词+动词不定式”。故填to protect。 4．句意：研究人员能够做到这一点的方法之一是查看地球上方卫星拍摄的照片。one of后加可数名词复数ways“方法”。故填ways。 5．句意：到目前为止，科学家们已经发现了66个群体。根据“So far”可知句子用现在完成时，结构为“have/has + 过去分词”，主语是scientists，助动词用have，discover的过去分词是 discovered。故填have discovered。 6．句意：科学家们可以通过仔细观察该地区的天气来改进种群估计。修饰动词“watching”，需用副词形式，careful的副词是carefully“仔细地”。故填carefully。 7．句意：如果科学家知道拍摄这些照片时的天气情况，他们就能估计出照片中有多少只企鹅。句子是宾语从句，从句缺少介词like的宾语，此处应用what引导宾语从句。故填what。 8．句意：科学家们还可以通过给企鹅贴上特殊的电子标签来观察它们的活动。give sb. sth.“给某人某物”，作宾语用代词宾格them。故填them。 9．句意：一个扫描仪由机器人携带，它可以读取标签上的信息。主语“A scanner”与动词“carry” 之间是被动关系，且此处描述的是一般情况，用一般现在时的被动语态，结构为“am/is/are + 过去分词”，主语是第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填is carried。 10．句意：企鹅研究人员之一丹尼尔希望这项技术能引领我们进入一个“研究的黄金时代”。此处表示将来的动作，应用一般将来时，结构为“will + 动词原形”。故填will lead。 ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $