Unit 2 课时2 Section A 2a-3c（分层作业）英语新教材鲁教版五四制九年级全一册

**基本信息** 初中英语新授课同步练，以A/B/C组+拓展分层设计，构建"词汇→句型→语篇→中考"进阶路径，适配差异化教学需求，提升语言应用与思维能力。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |A组|基础词汇与句型|单词/词组默写、词形转换，夯实语言基础| |B组|语法应用与交际|动词形式填空、补全对话，强化语法与情境表达| |C组|语篇理解与综合|阅读理解、完形填空，培养信息提取与逻辑推理| |拓展|中考真题演练|中考阅读、填空题型，衔接升学测评需求|

Unit 2 Beyond Earth 课时2 Section A (2a-3c) 分层作业 参考答案 核心知识速记 词汇 1. weightless 2. movement 3. asleep 4. fall asleep 5. satellite 句型 1.be visited 2. will be sent 3.will be needed 一、单词默写。 1. weightless 2. movement 3. asleep 4. tie 5. geology 6. satellite 7. crazy 二、词组默写。 1. fall asleep 2. human being 3. space station 4. live class in space 5. be weightless 6. be tied down 7. push against 8. do some experiments 9. benefit us on Earth 10. deal with 11. climate change 12. in the far future 13. run out of resources 14. turn…into… 三、根据要求写出单词的相应形式 1.weight ; weightless 2. asleep;sleepy3. movement;moving 四、根据汉语提升完成句子 1.to be weightless 2.run out of 3.In that case 4.what would you suggest 5.you’ve done 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. movement 2. moving 3. asleep 4. sleepy 5. weight 6. are sent 7. were done 8. will be discovered 9. will be built 10. be solved 二、补全对话 1．E 2．D 3．A 4．F 5．B 一、阅读理解 1．D 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．D 6．B 7．B 8．A 9．A 10．D 二、完形填空 1．C 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．B 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．D 10．C 11．A 12．B 13．D 14．A 15．D 一、阅读理解 1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．D 6．E 7．B 8．A 9．D 10．F 二、阅读填空 1．swam 2．to jump 3．into 4．southern 5．is considered 6．protection 7．their 8．and 9．best 10．beautifully ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Beyond Earth 课时2 Section A (2a-3c) 分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 词汇 ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. 失重的；无重量的 weightless 2. 活动；运动 movement 3. 睡着（的） asleep 4. 入睡 fall asleep 5. 人造卫星；卫星 satellite 句型 1. 其他宇航员会来拜访你吗？ Will you be visited by other astronauts? 2. 更多宇航员将会被派往那里。 More astronauts will be sent there. 3. 人类将会需要一处新家园。 A new home for us human beings will be needed. . 一、单词默写。 1. 失重的；无重量的 ________ 2. 活动；运动 ________ 3. 睡着（的） ________ 4. 系上；束紧；领带 ________ 5. 地质；地质学 ________ 6. 人造卫星；卫星 ________ 7. 疯狂的；不理智的 ________ 【答案】1. weightless 2. movement 3. asleep 4. tie 5. geology 6. satellite 7. crazy 二、词组默写。 1. 入睡 ________ 2. 人；人类 ________ 3. 空间站 ________ 4. 太空直播课堂 ________ 5. 处于失重状态 ________ 6. 被固定住 ________ 7. 推靠、抵住 ________ 8. 做实验 ________ 9. 造福地球上的我们 ________ 10. 处理 ________ 11. 气候变化 ________ 12. 在遥远的未来 ________ 13. 耗尽资源 ________ 14. 把……变成…… ________ 【答案】1. fall asleep 2. human being 3. space station 4. live class in space 5. be weightless 6. be tied down 7. push against 8. do some experiments 9. benefit us on Earth 10. deal with 11. climate change 12. in the far future 13. run out of resources 14. turn…into… 三、根据要求写出单词的相应形式 1. weigh v. 称重；重达:__________n. 重量；体重;___________adj. 失重的 2. sleep v. & n. 睡觉；睡眠: __________adj. 睡着的（表语）; ____________adj. 困倦的 3. move v. 移动；活动:___________ n. 运动；活动; __________adj. 移动的；感人的 【答案】1.weight ; weightless 2. asleep;sleepy3. movement;moving 四、根据汉语提升完成句子 1. 失重是什么感觉？How does it feel _________? 2.这听起来或许天方夜谭，但地球的资源总有耗尽的一天。 It might sound crazy, but our Earth may ___________ resources. 3.在那种情况下，人类就会需要一个新家园。  ___________, a new home for us human beings will be needed. 4. 如果我想成为宇航员，你有什么建议？ If I want to become an astronaut, ______________? 5. 你在太空做过最酷的事是什么？ What’s the coolest thing __________in space? 【答案】 1.to be weightless 2.run out of 3.In that case 4.what would you suggest 5.you’ve done 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1.The camera will record every tiny ___________(move) of the astronauts to study human behavior in zero gravity. 2.It is a really ___________(move) scene when astronauts wave to people on Earth from the window of the space station. 3.After a long day of space experiments, the young astronaut fell __________(sleep) the moment he was tied to his sleeping bag. 4. The strange change of day and night in space always makes astronauts feel ________(sleep) at unusual times. 5.Astronauts must strictly control their __________(weigh)before they take off for space missions. 6. Satellites ________ (send) into space every year. 7. Many space experiments ________ (do) last month. 8.More new planets ________ (discover) in the future. 9.A new home for humans ________ (build) on Mars someday. 10.The problem can________ (solve) with satellite technology. 【答案】1. movement 2. moving 3. asleep 4. sleepy 5. weight 6. are sent 7. were done 8. will be discovered 9. will be built 10. be solved 【解析】 1.句意：相机将记录宇航员的每一个微小动作，以研究零重力下的人类行为。空前有形容词tiny修饰，需填名词；move的名词形式为movement，意为“动作、移动”，every后接单数名词，故填movement。 2.句意：当宇航员从空间站窗口向地球上的人们挥手时，这是一个非常感人的场景。空后scene为事物，需用-ing形式的形容词修饰；moving意为“令人感动的”，符合语境，故填moving。 3.句意：经过一整天的太空实验，这位年轻的宇航员一系在睡袋上就睡着了。固定短语fall asleep表示“入睡、睡着”，故填asleep。 4.句意：太空中昼夜的奇怪变化总是让宇航员在反常的时间感到困倦。feel后接形容词作表语；sleepy意为“困倦的”，符合语境，故填sleepy。 5.句意：宇航员在执行太空任务起飞前必须严格控制体重。空前有形容词性物主代词their修饰，需填名词；weigh的名词形式为weight，意为“体重”，故填weight。 6.句意：每年都有卫星被送入太空。every year表一般现在时，主语satellites与send是被动关系；一般现在时被动语态为am/is/are+过去分词，主语为复数，故填are sent。 7.句意：上个月开展了许多太空实验。last month表一般过去时，主语experiments与do是被动关系；一般过去时被动语态为was/were+过去分词，主语为复数，故填were done。 8.句意：未来将会发现更多新行星。in the future表一般将来时，主语planets与discover是被动关系；一般将来时被动语态为will be+过去分词，故填will be discovered。 9.句意：总有一天会在火星上为人类建造新家园。someday表将来，主语a new home与build是被动关系；一般将来时被动语态为will be+过去分词，故填will be built。 10.句意：这个问题可以用卫星技术解决。情态动词can后接动词原形，主语problem与solve是被动关系；情态动词的被动语态为“情态动词+be+过去分词”，故填be solved。 二、补全对话 Mom: You look so happy, John! Is there anything interesting today? John: Yes, Mom. 1.__________ Mom: A special lesson? John: Yeah. 2 ___________ Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu taught us a live science lesson in the Tiangong space station. Mom: 3.__________ What did they do? John: They showed us how they lived and worked inside the space station. Mom: 4 .__________ John: Yes. They also use the microwave (微波炉) and fridge in the space kitchen to help them heat and store food. Mom: 5 ._____________ John: In an experiment (实验), Wang put a ping-pong ball in a glass of water. Unlike on the earth, the ball remained in the middle of the water. Mom: That’s amazing! A．How wonderful! B．What about the differences? C．It’s a pleasure. D．It was given by three Chinese astronauts. E．We had a special lesson at school today. F．Is there anything similar to the way on the earth? 【答案】1．E 2．D 3．A 4．F 5．B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一段母子之间的对话，主要讲述了约翰在学校上了一堂由三名中国宇航员在天宫空间站进行的直播科学课。 1．根据上文“Is there anything interesting today?”和下文“A special lesson?”可知，妈妈问约翰今天有没有有趣的事情，约翰回答今天有一堂特殊的课，选项E “我们今天在学校上了一堂特殊的课”符合语境，引出下文对特殊课程的介绍。故选E。 2．根据下文“Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu taught us a live science lesson in the Tiangong space station.”可知，翟志刚、王亚平和叶光富在天宫空间站给我们上了一堂直播科学课，选项D“这是由三名中国宇航员讲授的”符合语境，说明这堂特殊课程的授课者。故选D。 3．根据上文“Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu taught us a live science lesson in the Tiangong space station.”可知，三名中国宇航员在天宫空间站给我们上了一堂直播科学课，选项A“太棒了！”符合语境，表达妈妈对这件事的赞叹。故选A。 4．根据下文“Yes. They also use the microwave and fridge in the space kitchen to help them heat and store food.”可知，他们也在太空厨房使用微波炉和冰箱来帮助加热和储存食物，选项F “有没有和地球上的方式类似的东西呢？”符合语境，引出下文对太空厨房和地球厨房不同之处的描述。故选F。 5．根据下文“In an experiment, Wang put a ping-pong ball in a glass of water. Unlike on the earth, the ball remained in the middle of the water.”可知，王亚平做了一个实验，把乒乓球放进一杯水里。与地球上不同的是，球一直留在水的中间，选项B“有什么不同吗？”符合语境，引出下文对太空实验和地球实验不同之处的描述。故选B。 一、阅读理解 A Space ExhibitionHow to make model spacecraft? Why do satellites (人造卫星) not fall? Come and join us if you are interested in space! Time: 9:00 a.m. -4:30 p.m. from July 1st to 15th Place: The Science Museum Price: 30 yuan (half price for students) Things you can do: ★ Take a spacewalk. ★ Make model spacecraft. ★ Learn new things about space and science. ★ Enjoy looking at the stars from our windows. For more information, please call Mr Li at 616799. Believe me! It’s an experience of a lifetime. 1．If you want to go to the exhibition, you should go there at ________. A．5:00 p.m. on July 8th B．8:00 a.m. on July 15th C．2:00 p.m. on July 19th D．10:00 a.m. on July 2nd 2．If Jim (a student) and his father want to visit the exhibition, they need to pay ________. A．¥15 B．¥30 C．¥45 D．¥60 3．Which of the following activities CANNOT visitors do at the exhibition? A．Take a spacewalk. B．Watch a space movie. C．Make model spacecraft. D．Learn about space and science. 4．If you want to know more about the exhibition, what can you do? A．Call 616799. B．Write a letter. C．Send an email. D．Visit the museum website. 5．Where can we probably find the reading above? A．In a story book. B．In a movie poster. C．In a history magazine. D．In a science newspaper. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．D 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了太空展览的宣传信息，包含展览时间、地点、价格、活动内容及咨询方式等信息。 1．根据文中“Time: 9:00 a.m.-4:30 p.m. from July 1st to 15th”可知，展览开放时间为7月1日至15日的每天上午9点到下午4点半。选项A时间太晚，选项B时间太早，选项C日期超出范围，只有选项D（7月2日上午10点）在规定时间内。 2．原文“Price: 30 yuan (half price for students)”。可知学生票价是30元的一半即15元，Jim是学生，票价15元，他父亲需买全价票30元，两人共需支付15+30=45元。 3．原文“Things you can do:★Take a spacewalk.★Make model spacecraft.★Learn new things about space and science.★Enjoy looking at the stars from our windows.”提到的活动有太空漫步、制作航天器模型、学习太空和科学新知识、从窗户欣赏星星，没有提到看太空电影。 4．原文“For more information, please call Mr Li at 616799.”表明想要了解更多展览信息可以拨打616799。 5．本文是一则关于太空展览的广告，内容涉及科学博物馆、太空知识及科学活动，与科学主题紧密相关，因此最有可能出现在科学报纸（science newspaper）上，而不是故事书、电影海报或历史杂志。 B Sending information from 40,000 kilometers above Earth might sound like the thing of science fiction, but Chinese scientists have turned it into reality. They have successfully kept a high-speed laser (激光) connection with a satellite in high orbit (轨道) for more than three hours. High-orbit satellites are typically 36,000 kilometers above Earth, while low-Earth orbit satellites go from a few hundred kilometers to 2,000 kilometers. Because of their higher altitude (海拔), high-orbit satellites can cover larger areas. However, the high altitude can bring problems. The communication between these satellites and the ground can last only minutes. Also, while information travels quickly from satellites, signals from Earth are much slower. “It’s like sending 10 messages from the satellites and getting only one reply from the earth,” Liu Chao, a researcher said, “It’s hard to have a high-quality conversation that way.” To solve these problems, the research team developed a laser communication ground station with a 1.8-meter-wide optical telescope (光学望远镜) in Lijiang, Yunnan province. Acting like a sharp eye, the station can receive weak signals from over 40,000 kilometers away. Besides, scientists used a guiding laser to help the satellite and ground station quickly find each other. They also used advanced technology to keep the “conversation” stable (稳定的). The efforts have resulted in a breakthrough. At distances of up to 40,740 kilometers, the ground station and a high-orbit satellite achieved two-way communication in just 4 seconds. The connection, which was as fast as 1 gigabit (千兆比特) per second, lasted over 3 hours without a break. This means that high-orbit satellites can not only send information quickly but also receive detailed instructions in real time. The experiment proved the deep-space communication abilities of ground stations. “With this technology, we Chinese will be able to communicate with deep space probes on the moon, Mars and other locations directly from Earth,” Liu said. 6．What can we learn from paragraph 1? A．Sending information from space remains a dream. B．High-speed laser connection lasted over three hours. C．Science fiction writers often work with scientists. D．Low-orbit satellites are better than high-orbit ones. 7．Which picture shows the problem in paragraph 2? A． B． C． D． 8．How did the scientists improve the connection in paragraph 3? ① By receiving more signals from space.  ② By helping the two sides find each other. ③ By developing a wider optical telescope.  ④ By keeping the “conversation” more stable. A．②③④ B．①③④ C．①②④ D．①②③ 9．Why are some numbers listed in paragraph 4? A．To show how great the achievement is. B．To discuss why the connection is difficult. C．To introduce how fast the breakthrough is. D．To explain why the scientists develop the laser. 10．Which would be the best title for the text? A．Laser Travels Faster in Space B．High Orbit Satellites Shine C．Laser Station: China Builds a Home D．40,000 km Laser Chat: China Makes it 【答案】6．B 7．B 8．A 9．A 10．D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了中国科研团队完成四万千米高空卫星激光通信的突破性实验，介绍高低轨道卫星通信现存难题、科研团队的解决措施以及该技术带来的成果与应用前景。 6．第一段句子“They have successfully kept a high-speed laser (激光) connection with a satellite in high orbit for more than three hours.”，表明高速激光通信能够持续三小时以上，B选项和原文内容匹配；A和文中太空传信不再是科幻内容冲突，C不存在科幻作家与科学家合作的相关描述，D文中高轨道卫星覆盖范围更大。 7．第二段语句“while information travels quickly from satellites, signals from Earth are much slower.”，卫星向地面传递信息速度更快，地面往卫星传输信号速度更慢，B图的箭头信息流量和该细节描述一致。 8．第三段给出三项优化通信的方法，分别是配备大口径光学望远镜③、借助引导激光实现卫星与地面站互寻②、依靠技术维持通信稳定④，原文没有接收更多太空信号①的相关内容，A选项包含②③④三点内容。 9．第四段罗列距离、传输速率、持续时长等数字，用来直观体现本次太空激光通信实验的成就十分突出，对应A；文段列举数字并不是为了探讨通信难点、单纯介绍传输速度、解释研发激光的缘由。 10．整篇文章围绕四万千米太空激光通信实验取得突破展开，D标题可以完整概括全文；A只侧重激光传输速度，B仅介绍高轨道卫星，C只提到地面激光站点，三者概括内容都比较片面。 二、完形填空 Do you know Wang Haoze? Among the workers of China’s Shenzhou-19, she is the third Chinese woman 1________ to go to space, after Liu Yang and Wang Yaping. And she is also the 2________ woman spaceflight (航空) engineer of China now. So people 3________ much attention to her. Let’s have a look at the story of this 4________ woman astronaut. Wang Haoze was born in a 5________ family in 1990 in Luanping, Hebei. Her father is a traffic policeman and her mother is a middle school teacher. They always work 6________. Because of 7________ in such a family, she learned the importance of working hard from an early age. And this 8________ Wang Haoze the top of her class. After 9________ from her high school, Wang entered the Southeast University in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, majoring in Thermal Energy and Power Engineering. During her time at university, she showed strong learning 10________, and she always got good grades in exams in her class. Wang Haoze not only studied well, but also enjoyed sports during her 11________ years. She was also a sportswoman 12________ often represented (代表) the school in provincial sports competitions (比赛). Wang also likes to 13________ the unknown fields. She enjoys the sense of achievement from being able to do something she couldn’t do before or from understanding something she didn’t understand before. Wang Haoze’s story shows us that with courage and hard work, we can solve difficult problems and 14________ our dreams. Her 15________ from a small town to space tells us to keep moving forward and never give up. “I kept going and after nearly 1000 times of practice, I finally met the training standards (标准) ,” Wang said. 1．A．trader B．peasant C．astronaut D．thinker 2．A．boring B．common C．only D．interesting 3．A．pay B．point C．face D．throw 4．A．dangerous B．private C．romantic D．excellent 5．A．major B．usual C．famous D．rich 6．A．hard B．again C．alone D．aloud 7．A．getting up B．growing up C．giving up D．putting up 8．A．agreed B．stopped C．made D．punished 9．A．translating B．separating C．coming D．graduating 10．A．comment B．treasure C．ability D．theory 11．A．university B．battle C．failure D．conversation 12．A．which B．who C．why D．where 13．A．buy B．sell C．fix D．explore 14．A．achieve B．refuse C．forget D．break 15．A．mystery B．description C．devotion D．journey 【答案】 1．C 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．B 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．D 10．C 11．A 12．B 13．D 14．A 15．D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国神舟十九号航天员王浩泽的经历，包括她的家庭背景、学习生涯以及她从普通家庭走向太空的励志故事。 1．句意：在神舟十九号的工作人员中，她是继刘洋、王亚平之后第三位进入太空的中国女性航天员。 trader商人；peasant农民；astronaut航天员；thinker思想家。根据“go to space”可知，她是“航天员”。故选C。 2．句意：她也是目前中国唯一的女性航天工程师。 boring无聊的；common普通的；only唯一的；interesting有趣的。结合航天领域的背景，她是“唯一的”女性航天工程师。故选C。 3．句意：所以人们非常关注她。 pay支付；point指向；face面对；throw扔。“pay attention to”是固定搭配，意为“关注”。故选A。 4．句意：让我们来看看这位优秀的女航天员的故事。 dangerous危险的；private私人的；romantic浪漫的；excellent优秀的。结合王浩泽的成就，她是“优秀的”航天员。故选D。 5．句意：王浩泽1990年出生于河北滦平的一个普通家庭。 major主要的；usual普通的；famous著名的；rich富有的。根据后文“父亲是交警、母亲是教师”的描述，是“普通的”家庭。故选B。 6．句意：他们工作总是很努力。 hard努力地；again再次；alone独自；aloud大声地。根据后文“learned the importance of working hard”可知，父母“努力地”工作。故选A。 7．句意：因为在这样的家庭中成长，她从小就懂得了努力的重要性。 getting up起床；growing up成长；giving up放弃；putting up张贴。根据“from an early age”可知，是在家庭中“成长”。故选B。 8．句意：这让王浩泽成为了班级第一名。 agreed同意；stopped停止；made使；punished惩罚。“make sb+名词”表示“使某人成为……”，此处指“使她成为班级第一”。故选C。 9．句意：高中毕业后，王进入了江苏南京的东南大学，主修热能与动力工程。 translating翻译；separating分开；coming来；graduating毕业。根据“from her high school”可知，是“毕业”。故选D。 10．句意：在大学期间，她展现出很强的学习能力，考试成绩在班上一直很好。 comment评论；treasure财富；ability能力；theory理论。根据“got good grades”可知，是“学习能力”强。故选C。 11．句意：王浩泽不仅学习好，在大学期间也喜欢运动。 university大学；battle战斗；failure失败；conversation对话。根据前文“During her time at university”可知，是“大学”期间。故选A。 12．句意：她也是一名运动员，经常代表学校参加省级体育比赛。 which（定语从句关系词，指物）；who（定语从句关系词，指人）；why表原因；where表地点。此处定语从句先行词是“sportswoman”（指人），用who引导。故选B。 13．句意：王也喜欢探索未知领域。 buy买；sell卖；fix修理；explore探索。根据“the unknown fields”可知，是“探索”未知领域。故选D。 14．句意：王浩泽的故事告诉我们，只要有勇气和努力，我们就能解决难题，实现梦想。 achieve实现；refuse拒绝；forget忘记；break打破。根据“our dreams”可知，是“实现”梦想。故选A。 15．句意：她从一个小镇到太空的旅程告诉我们要不断前进，永不放弃。 mystery神秘；description描述；devotion奉献；journey旅程。根据“from a small town to space”可知，是这段“旅程”。故选D。 一、阅读理解 A （2026· 济南历下区三模） Carlos Mendez, 38, grew up in a working-class community in Houston, Texas. “School never felt like it was for me,” he once said. For years, he had difficulty in reading, being able to read only a few simple words. He worked part-time jobs—building, gardening, food service, but his reading problem always held him back. He depended on audio apps (音频软件) and asked others to read messages for him, and he often lied about his reading ability to avoid embarrassment. In 2024, after his daughter was born, he decided to change his life. “I want to read her bedtime stories one day,” he told himself. With the help of his wife, Lila, Carlos began learning to read at the age of 36. Every night, they sat together at the kitchen table, starting with simple picture books and slowly moving to children’s chapter books. “There were nights I wanted to give up,” he said. But he kept going, and after a year, he could read full paragraphs without help. Later, he even started sharing his reading journey on social media, which brought something unexpected. People began to follow his progress, cheering him on as he read more challenging books. “I realized my story might help someone else feel less alone,” he said. Today, Carlos has over 250,000 followers on TikTok, where he posts live book readings and shares tips for adult learners. Many people say his videos have inspired them to pick up a book again. Now, Carlos lives with his family in Austin, Texas. He reads to his daughter every night and hopes to write a children’s book someday. “I never thought I’d be someone who could help others learn to read,” he said. “This life, this family, this purpose—it’s everything I’ve ever wanted.” 1．What can we know about Carlos’ past? A．He could hardly read. B．He didn’t mind his weakness. C．He had a full-time job. D．He read stories to his daughter. 2．How did Carlos start improving his reading skills? A．By using some audio apps. B．By teaching others to read. C．By practicing step by step. D．By taking an online course. 3．What happened after Carlos shared his reading journey online? A．He became rich. B．He stopped reading. C．He wrote a book. D．He received support. 4．Which of the following best describes Carlos? A．Shy but polite. B．Caring and brave. C．Kind but strict. D．Active and honest. 5．What does the story mainly tell us? A．Time waits for no man. B．East or west, home is best. C．Each coin has two sides. D．It’s never too late to learn. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了38岁的Carlos Mendez克服阅读障碍，在36岁时开始学习识字，并通过社交媒体分享自己的学习历程，最终不仅实现了给女儿读睡前故事的愿望，还激励了成千上万的成年学习者。 1．第一段明确指出：“For years, he had difficulty in reading, being able to read only a few simple words.”，说明他过去几乎不识字（could hardly read）。B项错误，文中说他为了避免尴尬经常撒谎，说明他很在意；C项错误，文中说是“part-time jobs”；D项错误，那是他现在的愿望和行动，过去做不到。 2．第二段描述了Carlos的学习过程：“starting with simple picture books and slowly moving to children’s chapter books”，说明他是通过循序渐进、一步步练习来提高阅读技能的。A项是他过去依赖的方式，而非提高技能的方法；B、D项文中未提及。 3．第三段明确指出：“People began to follow his progress, cheering him on... Many people say his videos have inspired them...”，说明他在网上分享后获得了人们的支持和鼓励。A项文中未提及变富；B项错误，他读得更多了；C项错误，写书是他未来的希望（hopes to write），尚未完成。 4．Carlos为了能给女儿读书而克服巨大的困难坚持学习，体现了他对家人的爱（Caring）；面对多年的阅读障碍和可能的嘲笑，他选择直面并改变，体现了他的勇敢（Brave）。因此“Caring and brave”最贴切。 5．全文讲述了一个成年人在36岁高龄开始学习识字并最终成功的故事，核心主旨是“学习永远不嫌晚”，即“It’s never too late to learn”。 B(阅读还原） （2026·湖北中考） Flowers can make a colorful natural world. Spring is a perfect time to explore them. 6 . Know the importance of flowers. Most flowering plants produce oxygen (O2) during the daytime. In spring, bees and butterflies fly among flowers, carrying pollen (花粉) here and there. This allows plants to make seeds (种子) and fruits. 7 . If you take a walk in a small park, you will see different colors in flowers. You might also meet some unknown flowers. Then, use a flower app. It can quickly tell you their names and facts. Visit a botanical garden (植物园). A botanical garden is a place with special plants. 8 . Before you go, check to see if it offers free passes. On your visit, you might see unusual flowers, and even enjoy wonderful flower shows. Plant your own garden. 9 . Roses and sunflowers are good choices. Making a tiny corner garden is not that hard, but you should first learn how you can care for them. It’s amazing to watch them grow day by day. Draw your flowers. Some world-famous artists can always find inspiration in flowers. 10 . Begin with flowers in simple shapes. First, lightly draw the center, then the other parts. Take your time, and you will create a cute picture. A．Make a plan to visit it. B．Walk around a pocket park. C．You’d better water them every day. D．Go to a plant shop to buy young plants. E．Here are some great ways to get started. F．You can also try drawing flowers you admire. 【答案】6．E 7．B 8．A 9．D 10．F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍春天观赏、了解花卉的几种趣味方式，引导大家走进鲜花、感受花卉之美。 6．前文提出春天是探索鲜花的好时节，后文分段介绍多种了解鲜花的方法，选项E“Here are some great ways to get started.”起到承上启下、总领下文的作用，符合语境。 7．后文讲述在小型公园散步、识别各色花朵、借助软件查花名，选项B“Walk around a pocket park.”总起本段去公园赏花的内容，符合语境。 8．前文介绍植物园是培育特色植物的场所，后文讲出行前查看免费门票、园内可观赏稀有花卉，选项A“Make a plan to visit it.”衔接前后，引出参观植物园的准备工作，符合语境。 9．本段小标题为自己种花，后文推荐玫瑰、向日葵并讲解养护知识，选项D“Go to a plant shop to buy young plants.”说明种植的第一步是购买花苗，贴合段落主题，符合语境。 10．本段主题是画花，前文提到很多艺术家从鲜花中获取创作灵感，后文讲解画花的步骤，选项F“You can also try drawing flowers you admire.”衔接上文，引出普通人也能画花的内容，符合语境。 二、阅读填空 （2026·济南市中区中考一模） At the opening ceremony of the 15th National Games, something amazing happened. A huge, colorful lantern 1 (swim) through the gym like a fish in water. This was Aoyu — a magical animal from old Chinese legends (传说). In ancient times, people believed that carp (鲤鱼) tried 2 (jump) over the Dragon Gate to become dragons. But those that didn’t make it would turn 3 Aoyu, with a dragon’s head and a fish’s body. In Lingnan culture — 4 (south) China, including Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan — Aoyu 5 (consider) a symbol of good luck. If you visit old villages there, you can see pictures of Aoyu on the rooftops (屋顶) of temples and old houses, which were placed there to wish for 6 (protect) from fire. Local people believe Aoyu can keep bad things away and bring peace to 7 (they) families. There is also a famous story about Aoyu. Long ago, two kind Aoyus helped a young man in danger cross the sea. Later, the man passed the exams 8 became the top scholar. This is where the Chinese saying “Du Zhan Ao Tou” comes from. It means being the 9 (good) at something. The Aoyu lantern at the Games is truly wonderful. Its 128 special scales (鳞片) change colors and move 10 (beautiful) to the music. The big fish can fly, turn, and dance in the air. It shows everyone how ancient Chinese stories come to life in new and fun ways. 【答案】1．swam 2．to jump 3．into 4．southern 5．is considered 6．protection 7．their 8．and 9．best 10．beautifully 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了第十五届全运会开幕式上的鳌鱼灯笼，讲述了鳌鱼在中国传统文化中的起源、象征意义，以及“独占鳌头”的典故，展现了中国古老传说在现代的创新呈现。 1．句意：一个巨大的彩色灯笼像水里的鱼一样在体育馆里游动。句子描述开幕式上过去发生的动作，需用一般过去时。动词swim的过去式为swam。 2．句意：在古代，人们相信鲤鱼努力跃过龙门变成龙。try to do sth.表示“努力做某事”，后接动词不定式to jump作宾语。 3．句意：但那些没能成功的鲤鱼会变成鳌鱼，龙头鱼身。turn into表示“变成”。 4．句意：在岭南文化中，鳌鱼被视为好运的象征。此处修饰名词China，需用形容词形式，south的形容词为southern，表示“南方的”。 5．句意：在岭南文化中，鳌鱼被视为好运的象征。句子主语Aoyu与动词consider是被动关系（被视为），且描述客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态，结构为be considered；主语为单数，用is considered符合语义。 6．句意：在那里的古村落里，你可以在寺庙和老屋的屋顶上看到鳌鱼的画像，它们被放在那里以求防火保护。wish for后接名词，表示“希望得到某物”，protect的名词形式为protection。 7．句意：当地人相信鳌鱼能驱走不祥，给他们的家庭带来安宁。此处修饰名词families，需用形容词性物主代词，they的形容词性物主代词为their。 8．句意：后来，这个人通过了考试并成为了状元。passed the exams与became the top scholar是并列的两个动作，需用并列连词and连接。 9．句意：它的意思是在某件事上是最好的。be the best at sth.表示“在某方面最擅长”，good的最高级为best。 10．句意：它的128片特殊鳞片会随着音乐变色，优美地舞动。 此处修饰动词move，需用副词形式，beautiful的副词为beautifully。 ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $Unit 2 Beyond Earth 课时2 Section A (2a-3c) 分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 词汇 ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. 失重的；无重量的 _______________ 2. 活动；运动 _______________ 3. 睡着（的） _______________ 4. 入睡 _______________ 5. 人造卫星；卫星 __________________ 句型 1. 其他宇航员会来拜访你吗？ Will you ___________ by other astronauts? 2. 更多宇航员将会被派往那里。 More astronauts ______________ there. 3. 人类将会需要一处新家园。 A new home for us human beings ___________. . 一、单词默写。 1. 失重的；无重量的 ________ 2. 活动；运动 ________ 3. 睡着（的） ________ 4. 系上；束紧；领带 ________ 5. 地质；地质学 ________ 6. 人造卫星；卫星 ________ 7. 疯狂的；不理智的 ________ 二、词组默写。 1. 入睡 ________ 2. 人；人类 ________ 3. 空间站 ________ 4. 太空直播课堂 ________ 5. 处于失重状态 ________ 6. 被固定住 ________ 7. 推靠、抵住 ________ 8. 做实验 ________ 9. 造福地球上的我们 ________ 10. 处理 ________ 11. 气候变化 ________ 12. 在遥远的未来 ________ 13. 耗尽资源 ________ 14. 把……变成…… ________ 三、根据要求写出单词的相应形式 1. weigh v. 称重；重达:__________n. 重量；体重;___________adj. 失重的 2. sleep v. & n. 睡觉；睡眠: __________adj. 睡着的（表语）; ____________adj. 困倦的 3. move v. 移动；活动:___________ n. 运动；活动; __________adj. 移动的；感人的 四、根据汉语提升完成句子 1. 失重是什么感觉？How does it feel _________? 2.这听起来或许天方夜谭，但地球的资源总有耗尽的一天。 It might sound crazy, but our Earth may ___________ resources. 3.在那种情况下，人类就会需要一个新家园。  ___________, a new home for us human beings will be needed. 4. 如果我想成为宇航员，你有什么建议？ If I want to become an astronaut, ______________? 5. 你在太空做过最酷的事是什么？ What’s the coolest thing __________in space? 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1.The camera will record every tiny ___________(move) of the astronauts to study human behavior in zero gravity. 2.It is a really ___________(move) scene when astronauts wave to people on Earth from the window of the space station. 3.After a long day of space experiments, the young astronaut fell __________(sleep) the moment he was tied to his sleeping bag. 4. The strange change of day and night in space always makes astronauts feel ________(sleep) at unusual times. 5.Astronauts must strictly control their __________(weigh)before they take off for space missions. 6. Satellites ________ (send) into space every year. 7. Many space experiments ________ (do) last month. 8.More new planets ________ (discover) in the future. 9.A new home for humans ________ (build) on Mars someday. 10.The problem can________ (solve) with satellite technology. 二、补全对话 Mom: You look so happy, John! Is there anything interesting today? John: Yes, Mom. 1.__________ Mom: A special lesson? John: Yeah. 2 ___________ Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu taught us a live science lesson in the Tiangong space station. Mom: 3.__________ What did they do? John: They showed us how they lived and worked inside the space station. Mom: 4 .__________ John: Yes. They also use the microwave (微波炉) and fridge in the space kitchen to help them heat and store food. Mom: 5 ._____________ John: In an experiment (实验), Wang put a ping-pong ball in a glass of water. Unlike on the earth, the ball remained in the middle of the water. Mom: That’s amazing! A．How wonderful! B．What about the differences? C．It’s a pleasure. D．It was given by three Chinese astronauts. E．We had a special lesson at school today. F．Is there anything similar to the way on the earth? 一、阅读理解 A Space ExhibitionHow to make model spacecraft? Why do satellites (人造卫星) not fall? Come and join us if you are interested in space! Time: 9:00 a.m. -4:30 p.m. from July 1st to 15th Place: The Science Museum Price: 30 yuan (half price for students) Things you can do: ★ Take a spacewalk. ★ Make model spacecraft. ★ Learn new things about space and science. ★ Enjoy looking at the stars from our windows. For more information, please call Mr Li at 616799. Believe me! It’s an experience of a lifetime. 1．If you want to go to the exhibition, you should go there at ________. A．5:00 p.m. on July 8th B．8:00 a.m. on July 15th C．2:00 p.m. on July 19th D．10:00 a.m. on July 2nd 2．If Jim (a student) and his father want to visit the exhibition, they need to pay ________. A．¥15 B．¥30 C．¥45 D．¥60 3．Which of the following activities CANNOT visitors do at the exhibition? A．Take a spacewalk. B．Watch a space movie. C．Make model spacecraft. D．Learn about space and science. 4．If you want to know more about the exhibition, what can you do? A．Call 616799. B．Write a letter. C．Send an email. D．Visit the museum website. 5．Where can we probably find the reading above? A．In a story book. B．In a movie poster. C．In a history magazine. D．In a science newspaper. B Sending information from 40,000 kilometers above Earth might sound like the thing of science fiction, but Chinese scientists have turned it into reality. They have successfully kept a high-speed laser (激光) connection with a satellite in high orbit (轨道) for more than three hours. High-orbit satellites are typically 36,000 kilometers above Earth, while low-Earth orbit satellites go from a few hundred kilometers to 2,000 kilometers. Because of their higher altitude (海拔), high-orbit satellites can cover larger areas. However, the high altitude can bring problems. The communication between these satellites and the ground can last only minutes. Also, while information travels quickly from satellites, signals from Earth are much slower. “It’s like sending 10 messages from the satellites and getting only one reply from the earth,” Liu Chao, a researcher said, “It’s hard to have a high-quality conversation that way.” To solve these problems, the research team developed a laser communication ground station with a 1.8-meter-wide optical telescope (光学望远镜) in Lijiang, Yunnan province. Acting like a sharp eye, the station can receive weak signals from over 40,000 kilometers away. Besides, scientists used a guiding laser to help the satellite and ground station quickly find each other. They also used advanced technology to keep the “conversation” stable (稳定的). The efforts have resulted in a breakthrough. At distances of up to 40,740 kilometers, the ground station and a high-orbit satellite achieved two-way communication in just 4 seconds. The connection, which was as fast as 1 gigabit (千兆比特) per second, lasted over 3 hours without a break. This means that high-orbit satellites can not only send information quickly but also receive detailed instructions in real time. The experiment proved the deep-space communication abilities of ground stations. “With this technology, we Chinese will be able to communicate with deep space probes on the moon, Mars and other locations directly from Earth,” Liu said. 6．What can we learn from paragraph 1? A．Sending information from space remains a dream. B．High-speed laser connection lasted over three hours. C．Science fiction writers often work with scientists. D．Low-orbit satellites are better than high-orbit ones. 7．Which picture shows the problem in paragraph 2? A． B． C． D． 8．How did the scientists improve the connection in paragraph 3? ① By receiving more signals from space.  ② By helping the two sides find each other. ③ By developing a wider optical telescope.  ④ By keeping the “conversation” more stable. A．②③④ B．①③④ C．①②④ D．①②③ 9．Why are some numbers listed in paragraph 4? A．To show how great the achievement is. B．To discuss why the connection is difficult. C．To introduce how fast the breakthrough is. D．To explain why the scientists develop the laser. 10．Which would be the best title for the text? A．Laser Travels Faster in Space B．High Orbit Satellites Shine C．Laser Station: China Builds a Home D．40,000 km Laser Chat: China Makes it 二、完形填空 Do you know Wang Haoze? Among the workers of China’s Shenzhou-19, she is the third Chinese woman 1________ to go to space, after Liu Yang and Wang Yaping. And she is also the 2________ woman spaceflight (航空) engineer of China now. So people 3________ much attention to her. Let’s have a look at the story of this 4________ woman astronaut. Wang Haoze was born in a 5________ family in 1990 in Luanping, Hebei. Her father is a traffic policeman and her mother is a middle school teacher. They always work 6________. Because of 7________ in such a family, she learned the importance of working hard from an early age. And this 8________ Wang Haoze the top of her class. After 9________ from her high school, Wang entered the Southeast University in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, majoring in Thermal Energy and Power Engineering. During her time at university, she showed strong learning 10________, and she always got good grades in exams in her class. Wang Haoze not only studied well, but also enjoyed sports during her 11________ years. She was also a sportswoman 12________ often represented (代表) the school in provincial sports competitions (比赛). Wang also likes to 13________ the unknown fields. She enjoys the sense of achievement from being able to do something she couldn’t do before or from understanding something she didn’t understand before. Wang Haoze’s story shows us that with courage and hard work, we can solve difficult problems and 14________ our dreams. Her 15________ from a small town to space tells us to keep moving forward and never give up. “I kept going and after nearly 1000 times of practice, I finally met the training standards (标准) ,” Wang said. 1．A．trader B．peasant C．astronaut D．thinker 2．A．boring B．common C．only D．interesting 3．A．pay B．point C．face D．throw 4．A．dangerous B．private C．romantic D．excellent 5．A．major B．usual C．famous D．rich 6．A．hard B．again C．alone D．aloud 7．A．getting up B．growing up C．giving up D．putting up 8．A．agreed B．stopped C．made D．punished 9．A．translating B．separating C．coming D．graduating 10．A．comment B．treasure C．ability D．theory 11．A．university B．battle C．failure D．conversation 12．A．which B．who C．why D．where 13．A．buy B．sell C．fix D．explore 14．A．achieve B．refuse C．forget D．break 15．A．mystery B．description C．devotion D．journey 一、阅读理解 A （2026· 济南历下区三模） Carlos Mendez, 38, grew up in a working-class community in Houston, Texas. “School never felt like it was for me,” he once said. For years, he had difficulty in reading, being able to read only a few simple words. He worked part-time jobs—building, gardening, food service, but his reading problem always held him back. He depended on audio apps (音频软件) and asked others to read messages for him, and he often lied about his reading ability to avoid embarrassment. In 2024, after his daughter was born, he decided to change his life. “I want to read her bedtime stories one day,” he told himself. With the help of his wife, Lila, Carlos began learning to read at the age of 36. Every night, they sat together at the kitchen table, starting with simple picture books and slowly moving to children’s chapter books. “There were nights I wanted to give up,” he said. But he kept going, and after a year, he could read full paragraphs without help. Later, he even started sharing his reading journey on social media, which brought something unexpected. People began to follow his progress, cheering him on as he read more challenging books. “I realized my story might help someone else feel less alone,” he said. Today, Carlos has over 250,000 followers on TikTok, where he posts live book readings and shares tips for adult learners. Many people say his videos have inspired them to pick up a book again. Now, Carlos lives with his family in Austin, Texas. He reads to his daughter every night and hopes to write a children’s book someday. “I never thought I’d be someone who could help others learn to read,” he said. “This life, this family, this purpose—it’s everything I’ve ever wanted.” 1．What can we know about Carlos’ past? A．He could hardly read. B．He didn’t mind his weakness. C．He had a full-time job. D．He read stories to his daughter. 2．How did Carlos start improving his reading skills? A．By using some audio apps. B．By teaching others to read. C．By practicing step by step. D．By taking an online course. 3．What happened after Carlos shared his reading journey online? A．He became rich. B．He stopped reading. C．He wrote a book. D．He received support. 4．Which of the following best describes Carlos? A．Shy but polite. B．Caring and brave. C．Kind but strict. D．Active and honest. 5．What does the story mainly tell us? A．Time waits for no man. B．East or west, home is best. C．Each coin has two sides. D．It’s never too late to learn. B(阅读还原） （2026·湖北中考） Flowers can make a colorful natural world. Spring is a perfect time to explore them. 6 . Know the importance of flowers. Most flowering plants produce oxygen (O2) during the daytime. In spring, bees and butterflies fly among flowers, carrying pollen (花粉) here and there. This allows plants to make seeds (种子) and fruits. 7 . If you take a walk in a small park, you will see different colors in flowers. You might also meet some unknown flowers. Then, use a flower app. It can quickly tell you their names and facts. Visit a botanical garden (植物园). A botanical garden is a place with special plants. 8 . Before you go, check to see if it offers free passes. On your visit, you might see unusual flowers, and even enjoy wonderful flower shows. Plant your own garden. 9 . Roses and sunflowers are good choices. Making a tiny corner garden is not that hard, but you should first learn how you can care for them. It’s amazing to watch them grow day by day. Draw your flowers. Some world-famous artists can always find inspiration in flowers. 10 . Begin with flowers in simple shapes. First, lightly draw the center, then the other parts. Take your time, and you will create a cute picture. A．Make a plan to visit it. B．Walk around a pocket park. C．You’d better water them every day. D．Go to a plant shop to buy young plants. E．Here are some great ways to get started. F．You can also try drawing flowers you admire. 二、阅读填空 （2026·济南市中区中考一模） At the opening ceremony of the 15th National Games, something amazing happened. A huge, colorful lantern 1 (swim) through the gym like a fish in water. This was Aoyu — a magical animal from old Chinese legends (传说). In ancient times, people believed that carp (鲤鱼) tried 2 (jump) over the Dragon Gate to become dragons. But those that didn’t make it would turn 3 Aoyu, with a dragon’s head and a fish’s body. In Lingnan culture — 4 (south) China, including Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan — Aoyu 5 (consider) a symbol of good luck. If you visit old villages there, you can see pictures of Aoyu on the rooftops (屋顶) of temples and old houses, which were placed there to wish for 6 (protect) from fire. Local people believe Aoyu can keep bad things away and bring peace to 7 (they) families. There is also a famous story about Aoyu. Long ago, two kind Aoyus helped a young man in danger cross the sea. Later, the man passed the exams 8 became the top scholar. This is where the Chinese saying “Du Zhan Ao Tou” comes from. It means being the 9 (good) at something. The Aoyu lantern at the Games is truly wonderful. Its 128 special scales (鳞片) change colors and move 10 (beautiful) to the music. The big fish can fly, turn, and dance in the air. It shows everyone how ancient Chinese stories come to life in new and fun ways. $