必修第三册 Unit 6 Disaster and hope(灾难）-【高考快车道】2027年高考英语大一轮总复习高考真题单元话题分类汇编（外研版）

**基本信息** 精选2024浙江1月高考阅读理解（防雹项目争议）和2020全国新高考Ⅱ卷完形填空（火灾救援故事）真题，覆盖说明文与记叙文体裁，考查语言理解与思维推断能力，适配一轮复习基础巩固与真题感知需求。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|4题|细节理解（28题）、推理判断（30-31题）|以科技争议情境（人工防雹）设题，通过多方观点对比考查信息筛选与逻辑推断，贴合高考社科类文本命题趋势| |完形填空|15题|动词辨析（41-42题）、上下文语境理解（45-55题）|选取真实救援故事，聚焦动作链与情感线索，考查词汇运用与语篇连贯能力，符合新高考"真实情境"命题要求|

Unit 6 Disaster and hope （灾难） 阅读理解 [2024·浙江1月考] C On September 7, 1991, the costliest hailstorm (雹暴) in Canadian history hit Calgary􀆳s southern suburbs. As a result, since 1996 a group of insurance companies have spent about $2 million per year on the Alberta Hail Suppression Project. Airplanes seed threatening storm cells with a chemical to make small ice crystals fall as rain before they can grow into dangerous hailstones. But farmers in east-central Alberta—downwind of the hail project flights—worry that precious moisture (水分) is being stolen from their thirsty land by the cloud seeding. Norman Stienwand, who farms in that area, has been addressing public meetings on this issue for years. “Basically, the provincial government is letting the insurance companies protect the Calgary-Edmonton urban area from hail,” Mr Stienwand says, “but they􀆳re increasing drought risk as far east as Saskatchewan.” The Alberta hail project is managed by Terry Krauss, a cloud physicist who works for Weather Modification Inc. of Fargo, North Dakota. “We affect only a very small percentage of the total moisture in the air, so we cannot be causing drought,” Dr Krauss says. “In fact, we may be helping increase the moisture downwind by creating wetter ground.” One doubter about the safety of cloud seeding is Chuck Doswell, a research scientist who just retired from the University of Oklahoma. “In 1999, I personally saw significant tornadoes (龙卷风) form from a seeded storm cell in Kansas,” Dr Doswell says. “Does cloud seeding create killer storms or reduce moisture downwind? No one really knows, of course, but the seeding goes on.” Given the degree of doubt, Mr Stienwand suggests, “It would be wise to stop cloud seeding.” In practice, doubt has had the opposite effect. Due to the lack of scientific proof concerning their impacts, no one has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against cloud-seeding companies. Hence, private climate engineering can proceed in relative legal safety. (　)28.What does the project aim to do? A.Conserve moisture in the soil. B.Prevent the formation of hailstones. C.Forecast disastrous hailstorms. D.Investigate chemical use in farming. (　)29.Who are opposed to the project? A.Farmers in east-central Alberta. B.Managers of insurance companies. C.Provincial government officials. D.Residents of Calgary and Edmonton. (　)30.Why does Dr Doswell mention the tornadoes he saw in 1999? A.To compare different kinds of seeding methods. B.To illustrate the development of big hailstorms. C.To indicate a possible danger of cloud seeding. D.To show the link between storms and moisture. (　)31.What can we infer from the last paragraph? A.Scientific studies have proved Stienwand right. B.Private climate engineering is illegal in Canada. C.The doubt about cloud seeding has disappeared. D.Cloud-seeding companies will continue to exist. 【文章大意】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了加拿大阿尔伯塔省防雹干预项目,以及不同利益相关方对该项目所持的不同态度。 28.B　细节理解题。根据第一段中“As a result, since 1996 a group of insurance companies have spent about $2 million per year on the Alberta Hail Suppression Project. Airplanes seed threatening storm cells with a chemical to make small ice crystals fall as rain before they can grow into dangerous hailstones.”可知,这个项目的目标是防止冰雹形成。故选B项。 29.A　细节理解题。根据第一段中“But farmers in east-central Alberta—downwind of the hail project flights—worry that precious moisture (水分) is being stolen from their thirsty land by the cloud seeding.”可知,阿尔伯塔省中东部的农民反对这个项目。故选A项。 30.C　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“One doubter about the safety of cloud seeding is Chuck Doswell, a research scientist who just retired from the University of Oklahoma. ‘In 1999, I personally saw significant tornadoes (龙卷风) form from a seeded storm cell in Kansas,’ Dr Doswell says. ‘Does cloud seeding create killer storms or reduce moisture downwind? No one really knows, of course, but the seeding goes on.’”可推知,多斯韦尔博士提到他在1999年看到的龙卷风是为了暗示人工降雨可能带来的危险。故选C项。 31.D　推理判断题。根据最后一段“Given the degree of doubt, Mr Stienwand suggests, ‘It would be wise to stop cloud seeding.’ In practice, doubt has had the opposite effect. Due to the lack of scientific proof concerning their impacts, no one has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against cloud-seeding companies. Hence, private climate engineering can proceed in relative legal safety.”可推知,人工降雨公司将继续存在。故选D项。 完形 [2020·全国新高考Ⅱ卷] When Jim Grant spotted black smoke coming out of a building on his way to work, he 　41　 his car to call 911. Then he 　42　 a U-turn, circling back to take another look.   Pulling up to the building, Grant saw flames(火焰)shooting out of a second-floor window. Not seeing or hearing any fire engines 　43　, Grant rushed to a side 　44　 and ran up the stairs.   On the second floor, he 　45　 every apartment door. “Get out!” Grant shouted. No one 　46　 and he assumed that people had already 　47　. Reaching the end of the hallway, though, Grant 　48　 a half-open door. He kicked it wide open, finding a 　49　 woman in a wheelchair with a little boy and a tiny baby. “Let's 　50　 !” he screamed. The woman looked at him in confusion and said something about changing her clothes. Grant didn't wait. Clutching(抓牢) the baby to his chest and 　51　 the boy alongside, Grant ran down the hallway. When he was 　52　 outside, the only 　53　 in sight was a policeman. Grant told him about the 　54　 and they rushed into the smoky building.   Thanks to them, a family was saved from the fire. Grant and the policeman were honoured for their 　55　.  (　　)41.A.drove B.stopped C.reached D.abandoned (　　)42.A.saw B.made C.missed D.crossed (　　)43.A.burning B.leaving C.approaching D.waiting (　　)44.A.entrance B.road C.building D.window (　　)45.A.locked B.kicked C.counted D.repaired (　　)46.A.agreed B.cared C.responded D.understood (　　)47.A.arrived B.returned C.hidden D.escaped (　　)48.A.skipped B.closed C.noticed D.remembered (　　)49.A.frightened B.curious C.patient D.grateful (　　)50.A.turn back B.go up C.get out D.lie down (　　)51.A.following B.dragging C.examining D.passing (　　)52.A.safely B.secretly C.suddenly D.previously (　　)53.A.witness B.guide C.service D.help (　　)54.A.woman B.door C.car D.baby (　　)55.A.wisdom B.generosity C.honesty D.courage 【文章大意】 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了格兰特在上班的路上发现一栋大楼着火,并且帮忙救人的故事。 41.B　当吉姆·格兰特在上班的路上发现一栋大楼冒出黑烟时,他停下车去拨打911报警。drive驾驶;stop停下来;reach到达;abandon抛弃。故选B。 42.B　他掉过车头,绕回来再看了一眼。see看;make做;miss错过;cross横过。固定短语make a U-turn意为“掉头”。故选B。 43.C　分析可知,火焰已经从二楼喷出来,并且格兰特从侧门跑上楼去救火,由此推测这是因为消防车没来,此处approaching表示“接近”,符合题意,故选C。burn燃烧;leave离开;approach接近;wait等待。 44.A　解析参考上题。entrance入口;road路;building楼;window窗户。故选 A。 45.B　根据上文可知,格兰特冲上楼去救火,所以踢门是为了看里面是否有人。故选B。lock锁上;kick踢;count计算;repair修。 46.C　根据no one可知没有人回应,他以为人们已经逃走了。agree同意;care照顾;respond回应;understand理解。故选C。 47.D　解析参考上题。arrive到达;return返回;hide藏;escape逃离。故选D。 48.C　然而,到达走廊尽头时,格兰特注意到一扇半开的门。skip跳;close关闭;notice注意;remember记得。故选C。 49.A　分析可知,发生了火灾,所以女人是害怕的,故选A。frightened害怕的;curious好奇的;patient耐心的;grateful感谢的。 50.C　分析可知,格兰特找到了被困人员,所以要带他们出去,故选C。turn back返回;go up上升;get out出去;lie down躺下。 51.B　分析可知,他要救他们出去,所以拖着男孩跑出去,故选B。follow跟随;drag拖;examine测试;pass通过。 52.A　分析可知,格兰特把被困人员救了出来,所以是安全地到达外面,故选A。safely安全地;secretly秘密地;suddenly突然地;previously以前。 53.D　分析可知,警察是提供帮助的,故选D。witness目击者;guide指南;service服务;help帮助,有帮助的人。 54.A　分析可知,格兰特把婴儿和男孩救出来了,女人还没有出来,所以他告诉警察那个女人还在里面,故选A。woman女人;door门;car车;baby婴儿。 55.D　多亏了他们,一家人才从火灾中获救。格兰特和警察因他们的勇气而受到表彰。wisdom智慧;generosity慷慨;honesty诚实;courage勇气。故选D。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $