Unit 2 Honesty（知识清单）英语译林版三起六年级上册（新教材）

该小学英语Unit 2 Honesty单元知识清单系统梳理了语音语调、必记单词、常考短语、必会句型及核心语法五大知识范畴，通过分层（四会/三会单词）、分类（语法考点）的方式搭建从基础积累到综合应用的学习支架。 清单以“考点速记+提分练”的实用设计呈现知识体系，如核心语法中一般过去时否定句和疑问句用法配例句及单项选择练习，情态动词should结合单元句型“each of us should try”讲解，培养学生语言能力和思维品质。特别标注四会/三会单词分级记忆，短语与句型关联呈现，助力学生自主高效复习，教师可据此精准设计教学活动。

Unit 2 Honesty 单元知识清单知 识 归 纳 语音语调 字母组合ea在单词中可发/i:/音: teacher easy each teach peach 必记单词 storybook 儿童故事书 yesterday 在昨天；昨天 wolf 狼 say 说，讲 man 男人 old 老的，年纪大的 sell 卖，出售 name 名声，名誉 watch 照看，看护 answer 答复，回答 cry 哭，哭泣 buyer 买主，买方 honesty 诚实 lie 谎言，谎话 break 弄坏，损坏 repair 修理，修补 poor 贫穷的 ox 牛 nephew 侄子，外甥 常考短语 away from home 离开家 break your book弄坏你的书 find a storybook 找一本故事书 on one's way home 在某人回家的路上 give sth. to sb. 把某物给某人 begin to read the book 开始读这本书 put ... in ... 把……放进…… say sorry to sb. 向某人道歉 repair the book carefully仔细修补那本书 tell the truth 告知真相 get back 重新获得 search for the truth 探寻真相 feel good 感觉好 tell a lie 说谎 each of us我们每个人 a poor man 一个穷人 a sick old ox一头生病的老牛 sell the ox 卖掉这头牛 come back home 回到家 need the money to buy food需要钱买食物 do the same thing again 再次做这件事 watch the sheep at the hill 在山上看护羊 必会句型 1. One day, Sam found a storybook on his way home. 有一天，萨姆在回家的路上发现了一本故事书。 2. It was not easy, but he tried his best. 这件事并不容易，但他尽了自己最大的努力。 3. Sam did not feel good. He wanted to repair Bobby's book. 萨姆心里很不舒服，他想要修补波比的书。 4. My teacher taught me to search for the truth, and never to tell a lie. 老师教导我要追寻真相，永远不说谎。 5. It is not always easy. But each of us should try. 往往并不容易，但我们每个人都应该努力尝试。 6. Long ago, there was a poor man. He had a sick old ox. 很久以前，有一个穷苦的人，他有一头生病的老牛。 7. One day, Meng Xin was away from home. His nephew sold the ox. 有一天，孟信不在家，他的侄子把牛卖掉了。 8. Meng Xin did not want to sell a sick old ox to others. 孟信不想把一头生病的老牛卖给别人。 9. It's very kind of you. 你真是太善良了。 10. Meng Xin got back his sick old ox. He got a good name too. 孟信拿回了他生病的老牛，也收获了好名声。 11. Two days later, the boy did the same thing again. 两天后，这个男孩又故技重施。 12. —Did you sell it? —Yes, I did. —你卖掉它了吗？—是的。 核心语法 1. 一般过去时的否定句和疑问句用法 2. 情态动词 should 的用法 3. to do不定式的固定搭配 4. 表示人物品质的句型：It’s + adj. of sb. to do sth. 考 点 速 记 考点 01 一般过去时的否定句和疑问句用法 Meng Xin did not want to sell a sick old ox to others. 孟信不想把一头生病的老牛卖给别人。 —Did you sell it? —Yes, I did. —你卖掉它了吗？—是的。 一、定义： 我们通常用一般过去时来表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常与表示过去的时间状语连用，如：last week (上周), two weeks ago (两周前), yesterday (昨天) 等。在变否定句和一般疑问句时，实义动词不能直接加 not 或提前，必须请助动词 did 来帮忙，且后面的动词必须恢复为动词原形。 二、否定句与疑问句句型结构（核心重点）： （1）含实义动词的否定句：主语 + did not (didn't) + 动词原形 + 其他. 例如：Sam did not feel good. 萨姆感觉不舒服。 Meng Xin did not want to sell a sick old ox to others. 孟信不想把一头生病的老牛卖给别人。 注意：如果肯定句中有表示“一些”的 some，在变成否定句时通常要变成 any。 例如：I did some housework.我做了一些家务。→ I didn't do any housework.我没有做任何家务。 （2）含实义动词的一般疑问句：Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他? 回答：肯定回答用 Yes, 主语 + did. ；否定回答用 No, 主语 + didn't. 例如：Did you play football yesterday? 你昨天踢足球了吗？ —Did you sell it? —Yes, I did. —你卖掉它了吗？—是的，我卖了。 注意：如果句中有表示“一些”的 some，在变成一般疑问句时通常要变成 any。 例如：I ate some pies. 我吃了一些派。 → Did you eat any pies? 你吃一些派了吗？ 回答：肯定回答： Yes, I did. 是的，我吃了。 否定回答： No, I didn't. 不，我没吃。 提分练 一、单项选择。 ( )1. Sam ______ feel good after he broke Bobby's storybook. A. didn't B. doesn't C. wasn't D. weren't ( )2. — ______ you see my storybook yesterday? — No, I ______. A. Did; didn't B. Did; don't C. Do; didn't D. Were; wasn't ( )3. Meng Xin ______ want to sell a sick old ox to others. A. don't B. doesn't C. didn't D. wasn't ( )4. — ______ you sell the sick old ox? — Yes, I ______. We need the money to buy food! A. Did; did B. Do; do C. Were; was D. Did; do ( )5. — ______ Bobby take part in the activity yesterday?— No, he ______. A. Did; didn't B. Was; wasn't C. Does; doesn't D. Did; wasn't 二、适当形式填空。 1. Lily __________ (not go) to the park with us yesterday because she had a cold. 2. — __________ you __________ (play) basketball after school yesterday? — Yes, I did. We had a lot of fun. 3. My brother __________ (not eat) breakfast this morning, so he is very hungry now. 4. — __________ they __________ (clean) the classroom after the party last night? — No, they didn't. They left in a hurry. 5. I __________ (not see) your new pencil box on the desk just now. 考点 02 情态动词 should 的用法 It is not always easy. But each of us should try.往往并不容易，但我们每个人都应该努力尝试。 一、定义： 我们通常用情态动词 “should + 动词原形” 来向别人提出建议或劝告，意为“应该……”。常用来鼓励某人做某事或表达责任。 二、句型结构及其回答： · 肯定结构：主语 + should + 动词原形 + 其他. 例如：You should read more books. 你应该多读些书。 · 否定结构：主语 + shouldn't + 动词原形 + 其他. 例如：You shouldn't stay up late. 你不应该熬夜。 一般疑问句与回答：Should + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他? 回答：肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + should./否定回答：No, 主语 + shouldn’t. 例如：—Should I call him? 我应该给他打电话吗？ —Yes, you should. 是的，你应该。/—No, you shouldn't. 不，你不应该。 【注意】 1. should 后必须接动词原形，第三人称单数不加 -s/-es。 2. 否定形式直接加 not，缩写为 shouldn't。 3. 变疑问句直接将 should 提至句首，无需借助 do/does。 提分练 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. You have a bad cough. You should __________ (drink) some warm water. 2. It's a library. You should __________ (not talk) loudly here. 3. — Should I __________ (buy) some fruit for my mom? — Yes, you should. 4. We should __________ (protect) the environment. It's our duty. 5. — Should we __________ (eat) too much junk food? — No, we shouldn't. It's bad for our health. 考点 03 to do不定式的固定搭配 begin to read the book 开始读这本书 need the money to buy food需要钱买食物 一、定义： 我们通常用 to do 不定式（to + 动词原形）在句中充当宾语、目的状语或宾语补足语，来表示“开始做某事”、“需要钱去做某事”、“想要做某事”或“教某人做某事”等含义。 二、句型结构及变化规则： 1. begin to do sth.（开始做某事）：表示动作的起始，to do 作 begin 的宾语。 例如：I begin to read the book. 我开始读这本书。 2. need sth. to do sth.（需要某物去做某事）：to do 在此处作目的状语，解释需要某物的用途。 例如：I need the money to buy food. 我需要钱买食物。 3. want to do sth.（想要做某事）：to do 作 want 的宾语，表示主观意愿。 例如：She wants to learn English. 她想要学英语。 4. teach sb. to do sth.（教某人做某事）：to do 作宾语补足语，补充说明 teach 的内容。 例如：My dad teaches me to swim. 我爸爸教我游泳。 【拓展】不定式的否定形式： 若需表达“不想要/不教/不开始做某事”，只需在 to 前面加 not，即 not to do。 例如：He wants not to go there. 他不想去那里。 Mom teaches me not to lie. 妈妈教我不要撒谎。 【注意点】 1. to 后必接原形：to 是不定式符号，后面必须跟动词原形，绝不能加 -s/-es/-ing。 2. 区分搭配：begin 后接 to do 或 doing 均可，但 want/teach 后只能接 to do。 提分练 一、单项选择。 ( )1.The little boy was crying. He wanted ________ some ice cream. A. buy B. to buy C. buying D. buys ( )2. My English teacher was very kind. She often taught us ________ English songs. A. sing B. to sing C. singing D. sang ( )3. It got dark outside. They began ________ their homework. A. do B. doing C. to do D. did ( )4. I needed a pen ________ my name on the paper. A. write B. to write C. writing D. writes ( )5. — Why were you running so fast? — I was in a hurry. I didn't want ________ late for school. A. be B. to be C. being D. to being 考点 04 表示人物品质的句型：It’s + adj. of sb. to do sth. It's very kind of you. 你真是太善良了。 一、定义： 我们通常用句型 “It’s + adj. + of sb. + to do sth.” 来评价某人做某事所表现出的性格、品质或特征，意为“某人做某事真是太……了”。 二、句型结构及变化规则： · 句型结构：It is (It's) + 评价人物品质的形容词 + of + 某人(宾格) + to do sth. 其中，It 是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的 to do sth.。 例如：It's very kind of you to help me. 你能帮助我真是太善良了。 It's clever of him to work out the maths problem. 他能解出这道数学题真是太聪明了。 【拓展】核心对比：of sb. 与 for sb. 的区别：两者的核心区别在于形容词修饰的对象。 （1）It's + adj. + of sb. + to do sth.（修饰“人”的品质） 判断口诀：如果能把句子转换成“某人 + be动词 + 形容词”（sb. is + adj.）且意思通顺，就用 of。 例如：It's very kind of you to help me. 转换验证：You are very kind.（你非常善良。 逻辑通顺） 【同义句转换】 可以转换为：主语 + be动词 (am / is / are) + 评价人物品质的形容词 + to do sth. 例如：It's very kind of you to help me. = You are very kind to help me. 你能帮助我真是太善良了。 （2）It's + adj. + for sb. + to do sth.（修饰“事”的特征） 判断口诀：如果转换成“sb. is + adj.”意思不通顺，就用 for。 例如：It's important for us to learn English. 转换验证：We are important.（我们很重要。 逻辑不通，原意是“学英语”这件事很重要） 三、常用形容词归纳： · 用 of 的形容词：kind（善良的）, good（好的）, nice（友好的）, clever（聪明的）, polite（有礼貌的）, careless（粗心的）, foolish（愚蠢的）, brave（勇敢的）等。 · 用 for 的形容词：important（重要的）, difficult（困难的）, easy（容易的）, necessary（必要的）, dangerous（危险的）等。 提分练 一、用for或of完成填空。 1. It is very kind ________ you to help me with my English. 2. It is necessary ________ us to read books every day. 3. It is clever ________ him to work out the difficult math problem. 4. It is dangerous ________ children to play with fire. 5. It is polite ________ people to say "Thank you" when they get help. 参考答案 (1) 一般过去时的否定句和疑问句用法 一、1. A 2. A 3. C 4.A 5.A 二、1. didn't go 2. Did; play 3. didn't eat 4. Did; clean 5. didn't see (2)情态动词 should 的用法 一、1. drink 2. not talk 3. buy 4. protect 5. eat (3)to do不定式的固定搭配 一、1.B 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. B (4)表示人物品质的句型：It’s + adj. of sb. to do sth. 一、1.of 2.for 3.of 4.for 5.of 第 1 页 共 7 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $