Unit 1 Try your best（知识清单）英语译林版三起六年级上册（新教材）

该小学英语单元知识清单系统梳理了“Try your best”单元内容，涵盖语音语调、必记单词、常考短语、必会句型及核心语法五大知识范畴，为学生搭建了从基础积累到语法应用再到考点突破的递进式学习支架。 清单通过“考点分类+规则解析+提分训练”构建知识体系，如一般过去时中be动词与实义动词变化规则分点解析，提建议句型“Why don't you...”与“Why not...”同义转换对比，培养学生语言能力与思维品质。特别设计“必记单词分级（四会/三会）”“常考短语应用场景标注”及“语法句型拓展提示”，不同基础学生可高效掌握，教师可据此设计分层教学，提升课堂实效。

Unit 1 Try your best 单元知识清单知 识 归 纳 语音语调 字母组合ee在单词中可发/i:/音: week keep bee see tree 单词过去式ed在单词中可发三种发音: （1）清辅音后发/t/音: liked walked （2）浊辅音或元音后发/d/音: used played （3）/t/或/d/后发/ɪd/音: wanted needed 必记单词 play 戏剧；扮演 last 上一个的，最近的 begin 开始 words 歌词 keep 继续，重复 ago 以前 top 顶端，顶部 act 扮演，演出 poster 海报 practise 练习，训练 afraid 害怕，畏惧 forget 忘记，遗忘 remember 记起；记住 finish 完成，做好 movement 运动，动作 skill 技能，技术 ready 准备好的 snail 蜗牛 常考短语 act in a play 表演话剧 try one's best 尽某人最大努力 take part (in) 参加 give it a try 试一试 reach for the sky 放飞梦想 be good at 擅长于 practise doing sth.练习做某事 calm down 冷静下来 keep trying 坚持尝试 forget the words 忘记歌词 begin to sing 开始唱歌 as tall as 和...一样高 a busy little bee 像一只忙碌的小蜜蜂 ask sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事 a lot of movements 很多舞台动作 be afraid of 害怕... 必会句型 1. Bobby, why don't you take part? 波比，你为什么不参加呢？ 2. First he was afraid, but then he calmed down. 起初他很害怕，但后来他冷静了下来。 3. But he was not good at acting. 但他不擅长表演。 4. She asked Su Yang to practise with her. 她让苏洋和她一起练习。 5. She used her dancing skills to do them well. 她用她的舞蹈技巧把动作做得很好。 6. Bobby practised singing in the morning. 波比在早上练习唱歌。 7. It was her first school play. 这是她的第一次学校话剧演出。 核心语法 1. 一般过去时以及be动词/实义动词的变化规则 2. 提建议的句型：Why don't you + 动词原形 + 其他? 3. 表示擅长做某事的句型：be good at... 4. 表示要求某人做某事的句型：ask sb. to do sth. 5. 表示对...感到害怕的句型：be afraid of ... 6. practise的用法 考 点 速 记 考点 01 一般过去时以及be动词/实义动词的变化规则 There were a lot of words in the play. 剧本里有很多台词。 Bobby practised singing in the morning. 波比在早上练习唱歌。 一、定义： 我们通常用一般过去时来表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常与表示过去的时间状语连用，如：last week (上周), two weeks ago (两周前), yesterday (昨天) 等。 二、be动词/实义动词的变化规则： · Be动词的变化规则：am / is 的过去式是 was，are 的过去式是 were。 · 实义动词的变化规则（规则变化）： （1）一般情况下，直接在词尾加 -ed。 例如：ask → asked (问)，remember → remembered (记得)，want → wanted (想要) （2）以e结尾直接加d。 例如：practise → practised (练习)，use → used （3）不规则变化：需要特殊记忆，没有固定规律。 例如：begin → began (开始)，forget → forgot (忘记)，see → saw (看见) 三、肯定句句型结构： （1）主语 + was / were + 其他. 例如：It was her first school play. 那是她第一次校园剧演出。 （2）主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他. 例如：Su Hai wanted to play Mulan. 苏海想演花木兰。 提分练 一、单项选择。 ( )1. Two weeks ago, Su Hai ______ to play Mulan in the school play. A. want B. wants C. wanted ( )2. — What did Bobby do last week? — He ______ a new poster at school. A. see B. saw C. sees ( )3. There ______ a lot of movements in the play, so she practised hard. A. was B. were C. are ( )4. At first, Bobby was afraid and he ______ the words. A. forgot B. forgets C. forget ( )5. Finally, the play ______. Liu Tao acted very well. A. begin B. begins C. began 考点 02 提建议的句型：Why don't you + 动词原形 + 其他? Why don't you take part? 你为什么不参加呢？ 一、定义： 我们通常用句型 “Why don't you + 动词原形 + 其他?” 来向别人提出建议或劝告，意为“你为什么不……呢？”。常用来鼓励某人做某事。 二、句型结构及其回答： Why don't you 后必须接动词原形。句型形式上是疑问句，功能上表示一种肯定的建议。 例如：Why don't you sing? 你为什么不唱歌呢？ 【拓展】 同义句：“Why not + 动词原形 + 其他? 例如：Why not practise with me? 为什么不和我一起练习呢？ · 肯定回答与否定回答： 接受建议通常回答：Good idea. / OK. / All right. 委婉拒绝通常回答：I'd love to, but... / I'm afraid I can't.。 提分练 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. Why don't you ______ (try) to do it again? You might succeed next time. 2. You look unhappy. Why not ______ (talk) to your best friend about your problem? 3. Why don't you ______ (not copy) your classmates' homework? It's not good for you. 4. It's raining outside. Why not ______ (take) an umbrella with you? 5. Why don't you ______ (ask) your teacher for help when you have questions? 二、单项选择。 ( ) 1. — I feel a bit tired today. — Why not ______ a rest? A. have B. to have C. having D. has ( )2. — Why don't you ______ to your parents about it? — Good idea. I will talk to them tonight. A. talk B. talking C. to talk D. talks ( )3. — Why not ______ a go? I think you can do it well. — OK! I'll try my best. A. having B. have C. to have D. had ( )4. — Why don't you join the singing club? — ______. I love singing very much. A. I'm afraid not B. Sorry, I can't C. Good idea D. Never mind ( )5. — Why don't we go out for a walk after dinner? — ______. Let's meet at the gate at 7:00. A. That sounds great B. I don't think so C. I'd love to, but I'm busy D. You're welcome 考点 03 表示擅长做某事的句型：be good at... I'm not good at singing. 我不擅长唱歌。 But he was not good at acting. 但他不擅长表演。 一、定义： 我们通常用句型 “be good at...” 来表示“擅长做某事”或“在……方面做得好”。 二、句型结构及变化规则： · 肯定句结构： （1）主语 + be动词 (am / is / are) + good at + 名词 / 动名词 (v-ing). 例如：She is good at Maths. 她擅长数学。 I am good at singing. 我擅长唱歌。 （2）同义句转换：主语 + do/does/well in + 名词/动名词. 表示“擅长做某事”，还可以用短语 “do well in” 来替换，两者意思基本相同。 注意：do 的形式要随主语的人称和时态发生变化。 例如：Tom does well in English. 汤姆擅长英语。 【拓展】介词后接动词的规则： at 和 in 都是介词，如果其后需要接动词，必须将动词变成动名词形式（即在动词词尾加 -ing）。 · 否定句结构： （1）主语 + be动词 (am / is / are) + not + good at + 名词 / 动名词 (v-ing). 表示“不擅长做某事”或“在……方面做得不好”。 例如：I'm not good at singing. 我不擅长唱歌。 He is not good at maths. 他不擅长数学。 （4）同义句转换： 主语 + do/does + not + do well in + 名词 / 动名词 (v-ing). 例如：I don't do well in dancing. 我不擅长跳舞。 提分练 一、单项选择。 ( )1.The snail is very slow. It is not good at ______ fast. A. run B. runs C. running D. to run ( )2. Bobby is good at drawing, so he does well in ______ a poster. A. make B. makes C. making D. to make ( )3. Su Yang is a busy little bee. She ______ good at doing a lot of movements. A. is B. isn't C. don't D. doesn't ( )4. — Are you good at remembering the words? — No, I ______. I always forget them. A. am not B. don't C. isn't D. can't ( )5. We are good at using our dancing skills, so we ______ very well in the play. A. do B. does C. is D. are 二、句型转换。 1. Bobby is good at making a poster. (对划线部分提问) ______ ______ Bobby good at? 2. Su Yang does well in doing the movements. (对划线部分提问) What ______ Su Yang ______ ______ in? 3. The snail is good at climbing the tree. (改为同义句) The snail ______ ______ ______ climbing the tree. 4. Bobby is good at acting. (改为一般疑问句并作否定回答) — ______ Bobby good at acting? — No, he ______. 5. Su Hai does well in remembering the words. (改为同义句) Su Hai ______ good at ______ the words. 考点 04 表示要求某人做某事的句型：ask sb. to do sth. She asked Su Yang to practise with her. 她让苏洋和她一起练习。 一、定义： 我们通常用句型 “ask sb. to do sth.” 来表示“请求/要求某人做某事”。 二、句型结构及变化规则： 1. 肯定句结构： 主语 + ask/asks/asked + 某人（宾格） + to do sth. 例如：She asked Su Yang to practise with her. 她让苏洋和她一起练习。 2. 否定句结构： 主语 + ask/asks/asked + 某人（宾格） + not to do sth. 表示“要求某人不要做某事”。 注意： 否定词 not 必须放在 to do 的前面。 例如：The teacher asked Bobby not to forget the words. 老师要求波比不要忘记歌词。 【拓展】动词不定式（to do）的用法细究： 除了 ask sb. to do sth.，本单元还有一个非常相似的句型 use sth. to do sth.。虽然它们后面都接了 to do（动词不定式），但表达的意思和逻辑完全不同。 · ask sb. to do sth.（要求/请求某人做某事） 逻辑：这里的 to do 作宾语补足语，动作的执行者是某人（sb.）。 例句：She asked Su Yang to practise with her. 她让苏洋和她一起练习。 · use sth. to do sth.（使用某物来做某事） 逻辑：这里的 to do 表示目的，动作的执行者依然是主语。 例句：She used her dancing skills to do the movements well. 她用她的舞蹈技巧把动作做得很好。 【总结记忆】 ask 后面跟的是人（让别人去做）； use 后面跟的是物（用工具去达到目的）。 提分练 一、单项选择。 ( )1. Bobby was afraid at first, so Su Hai asked him ______ down. A. calm B. to calm C. calming D. not to calm ( )2. The teacher asked the students ______ a beautiful poster for the school play. A. make B. makes C. to make D. making ( )3. Bobby always forgets the words, so his mother asks him ______ them again. A. remember B. to remember C. not to remember D. remembering ( )4. Su Yang used her dancing skills ______ the movements in the play. A. do B. to do C. doing D. did ( )5. The teacher asked Bobby ______ the words, so he tried his best to remember them. A. not to forget B. not forget C. to not forget D. not to forgeting 考点 05 表示对...感到害怕的句型：be afraid of ... Su Hai was afraid of acting in front of many people. 苏海害怕在许多人面前表演。 一、定义： 我们通常用句型 “be afraid of ...” 来表示“对……感到害怕/畏惧”。 二、句型结构及所接宾语类型： 主语 + be动词 (am/is/are/was/were) + afraid of + 宾语 · 【宾语类型及例句】 （1）接名词/代词（害怕某人或某物） 例句：Bobby was afraid of the snail. 波比害怕那只蜗牛。 （2）接动名词 doing（害怕做某事） 注意：of 是介词，后面接动词必须加 -ing。 例句：First he was afraid of acting, but then he calmed down. 起初他很害怕表演，但后来他冷静了下来。 She was afraid of forgetting the words. 她害怕忘记歌词。 【拓展】be afraid of及be afraid to do sth.的细微差别： · be afraid of doing sth.（害怕发生某事/对做某事感到畏惧） 逻辑：侧重于表达一种“心理状态或情绪”，担心某种情况发生。 例句：Su Hai was afraid of acting in front of many people. 苏海害怕在许多人面前表演。 · be afraid to do sth.（因为害怕而不敢做某事） 逻辑：侧重于表达“不敢去执行”某个具体的动作（因为胆怯）。 例句：Bobby was afraid to give it a try. 波比害怕去试一试。 提分练 一、适当形式填空。 1. Bobby practised singing in the morning because he was afraid of _______ (forget) the words. 2. The little boy wanted to reach for the sky, but he was afraid _______ (climb) to the top of the tree. 3. It was her first school play, so she was afraid of _______ (act) in front of many people. 4. Don't be afraid of _______ (make) mistakes when you try your best to finish the movements. 5. Bobby was afraid _______ (give) it a try at first, but then he calmed down and did well. 二、单项选择。 ( )1. Bobby is afraid of _______ in the school play, but actually（事实上）he is good at _______ the movements. A. act; act B. acting; doing C. acting; do D. act; doing ( )2. — Why didn't Bobby go on the stage? — Because he was afraid _______ begin to sing in front of everyone. A. of B. to C. at D. for ( )3. Bobby is _______ singing, but he was afraid _______ it at first. A. good at; of B. afraid of; good at C. good at; to D. afraid of; to ( )4. Su Hai was afraid _______ the dark, so she asked her mum to keep the light on. A. to B. of C. at D. for ( )5. Bobby practised a lot because he was afraid _______ making mistakes when he practised doing the movements. A. to B. of C. at D. for 考点 06 practise的用法 Bobby practised singing in the morning. 波比在早上练习唱歌。 She asked Su Yang to practise with her. 她让苏洋和她一起练习。 一、定义： 我们通常用动词 “practise”（美式英语中常拼写为 practice）来表示“练习，训练”。 二、常见用法结构： （1）practise doing sth.（练习做某事） 注意：practise 后面如果直接跟动词，必须使用动名词形式（v.-ing）。 例句：Bobby practised singing in the morning. 波比在早上练习唱歌。 （2）practise with sb.（和某人一起练习） 注意：这里的 with 是介词，表示“和……一起”，后面直接接人。 例句：She asked Su Yang to practise with her. 她让苏洋和她一起练习。 【拓展】practise + 名词（表示练习某项事物）： 逻辑：practise 后面也可以直接跟表示事物的名词作宾语。 例句：They practised the school play every day. 他们每天练习学校的话剧。 提分练 一、适当形式填空。 1. Tom wants to win the basketball game, so he practises _______ (play) basketball with his classmates every afternoon. 2. The girl _______ (practise) dancing with her partner because she wanted to do well in the show. 3. My brother is afraid of making mistakes, so he often practises speaking English with _______ (him) foreign teacher. 4. To play the guitar well, she practises singing and _______ (dance) with her friend on weekends. 5. The students practised _______ (run) with their PE teacher to prepare for the sports meeting. 参考答案 (1) 一般过去时以及be动词/实义动词的变化规则 1. C 2. B 3. B 4.A 5.C (2)提建议的句型：Why don't you + 动词原形 + 其他? 一、1. try 2. talk 3. not copy 4. take 5. ask 二、1. A 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. A (3)表示擅长做某事的句型：be good at... 一、1.C 2. C 3. A 4. A 5. A 二、1.What is 2. does; do well 3. does well in 4. Is; isn't 5. is; remembering (4)表示要求某人做某事的句型：ask sb. to do sth. 一、1.B 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.A (5)表示对...感到害怕的句型：be afraid of ... 一、1. forgetting 2. to climb 3. acting 4. making 5. to give 二、1. B 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. B (6)practise的用法 一、1. playing 2. practised 3. his 4. dancing 5. running 第 1 页 共 7 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $