Unit 4 Heroes暑假预习语法、写作+考点练2026-2027学年外研版英语九年级上册

**基本信息** 围绕“英雄”主题，融合定语从句语法、英雄主题写作与文化意识培养，通过张桂梅、神舟团队等时代案例，实现语言能力与思维品质的协同提升。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |语法填空|10空|关系代词（who/which/that等）、特殊规则（最高级修饰用that）|以张桂梅事迹为语境，考查语法在真实语篇中的应用| |书面表达|25分|英雄主题短文（80-100词）、定语从句嵌入|要求介绍张桂梅事迹，至少2个定语从句，体现语言表达与文化认同| |阅读理解|2篇10题|航天英雄叶光富、乡村教师张玉滚事迹|选取当代英雄案例，考查信息提取与推理能力，渗透文化意识|

Unit 4 Heroes暑假预习语法、写作+考点练2026-2027学年九年级上册新教材外研版 预习航标｜析目标·明方向 模块 核心目标 预习重点 预习难点 语法​ 掌握关系代词引导的定语从句（who/whom/whose/which/that），能在语境中准确选用关系词 ① 先行词的判断（人/物）；② 关系词在从句中的成分（主语/宾语/定语）；③ 特殊情况：先行词被最高级/序数词修饰时只用that 区分who与whom、that与which的用法；whose指代“所属关系”的用法 写作​ 能独立完成80-100词的英雄主题短文，自然融入定语从句提升表达层次 按“身份→事迹→品质→影响”逻辑谋篇；运用单元核心词汇（devote, inspire, never give up）；至少嵌入2个定语从句 避免生硬堆砌语法，用定语从句自然串联英雄事迹与个人感悟 文化意识​ 理解“英雄”的双重内涵：既有做出卓越贡献的知名人物，也有默默奉献的平民英雄 结合张桂梅、神舟团队、非遗传承人等当代案例，感知“英雄精神”的时代价值 能用英语表达对“平凡英雄”的认同，避免仅局限于名人叙事 教材全解｜析教材·学新知 考点一：语法精讲（定语从句·关系代词篇） 1. 基础概念（3步判断法，预习必记） 步骤 操作 示例（The hero who saved the child is a firefighter.） ① 找先行词 被定语从句修饰的名词/代词，通常紧挨着关系词 先行词是the hero（人） ② 看成分 先行词在从句中做什么成分（主语/宾语/定语） the hero在从句中做主语（saved的执行者） ③ 选关系词 根据“先行词属性+从句成分”选对应关系词 指人+主语→用who 2. 核心关系代词用法表（Unit4高频考点） 关系代词 指代对象 在从句中成分 能否省略 例句 who 人 主语/宾语 做宾语时可省 The astronaut whoflew into space twice is Ye Guangfu.（主语，不可省） whom 人 宾语 可省略 The nurse whomwe visited yesterday is my aunt.（宾语，可省） which 物/动物 主语/宾语 做宾语时可省 The satellite whichwas launched last month is for science research.（主语，不可省） that 人/物 主语/宾语 做宾语时可省 Zhang Guimei is the teacher thathelped thousands of girls go to college.（指人，主语） whose 人/物（表所属） 定语 不可省略 This is the hero whosestory touched millions of people.（“英雄的故事”，表所属） 3. 必背特殊规则（中考高频失分点） ✅ 先行词被最高级、序数词、the only/the very修饰时，关系词只能用that，不能用which： This is the most moving story that I have ever read.（先行词被最高级most moving修饰，用that） The first hero that came into my mind is my father.（先行词被序数词first修饰，用that） ✅ 先行词同时包含“人+物”时，关系词只能用that： The scientist and his invention that we visited yesterday are famous worldwide.（先行词既有“科学家”也有人“发明”，用that） 4. 例题精析（预习自测） The firefighter ______ rescued the old lady from the burning building is my uncle. A. whom B. which C. who D. whose 答案：C 解析：先行词是the firefighter（人），在从句中做主语（rescued的执行者），故选who。whom只能做宾语，which指物，whose表所属，均不符合。 考点二：写作精讲（英雄主题短文） 1. 写作框架（贴合Unit4话题，融入定语从句） 段落 内容要点 定语从句运用示例 开头（引入）​ 点明英雄身份，用一句话总述其贡献 My hero is a teacher who has devoted 20 years to mountain education.（用who引导从句介绍身份） 主体（事迹+品质）​ 2-3个具体事迹，突出核心品质（无私、坚韧、奉献） The free school that she built in 2008has helped over 2000 girls go to college.（用that引导从句介绍事迹） 结尾（影响）​ 英雄对你的启发，升华主题 She is the role model whose spirit inspires me to be a helpful person.（用whose引导从句表达影响） 2. 单元专属亮点词块（直接背，写作直接用） • 品质类：devote oneself to（投身于）, never give up（永不放弃）, face difficulties bravely（勇敢面对困难）, selfless（无私的） • 事迹类：receive national awards（获得国家级荣誉）, help people in need（帮助困境中的人）, make great contributions to（对……做出巨大贡献） • 影响类：inspire sb. to do sth.（激励某人做某事）, set a good example for（为……树立好榜样）, be worth remembering（值得铭记） 3. 高分句型升级（把简单句改成定语从句，作文秒提分） 原简单句 升级后（含定语从句） 升级效果 Yuan Longping is a scientist. He developed hybrid rice. Yuan Longping is a scientist who developed hybrid rice. 避免句式重复，逻辑更紧凑 The school is free. Zhang Guimei built it. The school that Zhang Guimei builtis free for poor girls. 突出学校与张桂梅的所属关系 I admire my neighbor. He repairs bikes for free. I admire my neighbor who repairs bikes for free. 自然嵌入英雄事迹，不生硬 4. 原创范文（平民英雄主题，贴合单元要求） My Hero My hero is Grandpa Wang, a retired worker who has volunteered in our community for 8 years. Every weekend, he cleans the public corridors and helps the elderly carry heavy things. Last winter, when the pipes in our building burst, he was the first one who rushed to fix them, even though it was freezing cold. The reason why I admire him is that he never asks for anything in return. He is the ordinary person whose kindness warms everyone in the neighborhood. His spirit inspires me to do small helpful things for others every day. I hope to be a warm-hearted person like him in the future. 即练固基｜趁热打铁练一练（基础巩固，适合预习阶段） 一、用合适的关系词（who/whom/whose/which/that）填空 1. The doctor ______ saved the little boy’s life is praised by the whole city. 2. The book ______ I borrowed from the library is about space heroes. 3. This is the firefighter ______ father is also a rescue worker. 4. The volunteers ______ we met in the community center are very kind. 5. The satellite ______ was launched last month was designed by young engineers. 6. Ye Guangfu is the astronaut ______ has flown into space twice. 7. The school ______ Zhang Guimei built in 2008 is free for poor students. 8. I admire the nurse ______ patience with patients is well-known in our town. 9. This is the most touching story ______ I have read this year. 10. The scientist and his invention ______ we visited yesterday are famous nationwide. 二、单句合并（把两个简单句合并为含定语从句的复合句） 1. I admire the scientist. He developed hybrid rice. → _________________________________________________________ 2. The nurse is my aunt. She worked in Wuhan as a volunteer in 2020. → _________________________________________________________ 3. The school is free. It was built for girls in mountain areas. → _________________________________________________________ 4. I have a neighbor. He often repairs bikes for the elderly for free. → _________________________________________________________ 5. The story moved me deeply. It is about a rural teacher. → _________________________________________________________ 三、微写作（用1-2个定语从句介绍你心中的英雄，3句话即可） 提示：可以说名人（如航天员、科学家），也可以说身边的人（如父母、老师、社区志愿者） 过关检测｜练考点·强落实（能力提升，贴合中考题型） 一、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Zhang Guimei is a teacher 1.______ has devoted her whole life to girls’ education in Yunnan’s mountain areas. The free senior high school 2.______ she set up in 2008 is the first of its kind in China. The girls 3.______ she taught often say she is like their mother. 4.______ moved people most is her persistence—even when she was seriously ill, she never stopped working. The awards 5.______ she received, including the “July 1 Medal”, show how much she has contributed to society. Many students 6.______ graduated from her school have gone to college and become doctors, teachers and engineers. They are the ones 7.______ will continue her spirit of helping others. Zhang Guimei is not a hero 8.______ appears in movies, but she is the one 9.______ makes a real difference to thousands of lives. Her story is the most inspiring one 10.______ I have ever heard. 二、完形填空 Everyone talks about great heroes, but there are also “everyday heroes” around us. My grandpa is one of them. Grandpa is a retired carpenter（木匠）. After retirement, he didn’t rest at home. Instead, he opened a small repair stand in our community, 1______ he fixes broken furniture for free. Every morning, he gets up at 6:00 and walks to his stand. He never charges a penny, even for the materials he uses. Last month, a little girl in our community broke her wooden toy horse. Her parents were too busy to buy a new one, so she cried all day. Grandpa saw this and spent 3 hours 2______ a new toy horse for her. The girl’s smile was the best reward for him. He always says, “Helping others makes me happier than earning money.” Grandpa also often visits the nursing home nearby. He repairs the old tables and chairs there so that the elderly can use them comfortably. The old people all like him and call him “Grandpa Helper”. He never expects anything in return, but he is the hero 3______ our community. His kindness inspires me to be a warm-hearted person. I want to follow in his 4______ and help others when I grow up. What I admire most about Grandpa is his selflessness. He never talks about how much he has done, but he keeps doing small kind things every day. He teaches me that a hero doesn’t have to do great things—he just needs to care about others and be willing to help. I am proud of my grandpa, 5______ love and kindness make our community a warmer place. 1. A. where B. which C. who D. whom 2. A. make B. making C. to make D. made 3. A. in B. on C. at D. of 4. A. footsteps B. words C. ideas D. dreams 5. A. who B. whose C. whom D. that 三、阅读理解 A Ye Guangfu, born in 1980 in Sichuan, is one of China’s most experienced astronauts. He joined the PLA Air Force in 1998 and became a fighter pilot, flying for 10 years without any accidents. In 2010, he was selected as an astronaut candidate, starting his journey to space. Ye’s first space mission was in 2021, when he flew on the Shenzhou XIII spacecraft with Zhai Zhigang and Wang Yaping. During the 6-month mission, he completed two spacewalks, setting a record for the longest single spacewalk by a Chinese astronaut at that time. He also took part in many science experiments and gave lectures to students on Earth, inspiring millions of young people to pursue their space dreams. In 2024, Ye was selected as the commander of the Shenzhou XVIII mission, returning to space just 2 years after his first mission. This time, he led the team to complete more complex tasks, including installing new equipment outside the space station. His calmness and professionalism under pressure have earned him respect from colleagues and the public alike. Ye often says, “Being an astronaut is not just about flying into space—it’s about serving the country and inspiring the next generation.” He is the hero who shows us that with hard work and persistence, even the most ambitious dreams can come true. 1. When did Ye Guangfu become an astronaut candidate? A. In 1980. B. In 1998. C. In 2010. D. In 2021. 2. How long did Ye’s first space mission last? A. 3 months. B. 6 months. C. 10 months. D. 2 years. 3. What record did Ye set during the Shenzhou XIII mission? A. The youngest Chinese astronaut in space. B. The longest single spacewalk by a Chinese astronaut at that time. C. The first Chinese astronaut to give lectures to students. D. The first Chinese astronaut to fly two space missions. 4. What can we infer from Ye’s words in the last paragraph? A. He thinks flying into space is the most important part of being an astronaut. B. He wants to inspire young people to pursue their dreams. C. He plans to retire after the Shenzhou XVIII mission. D. He prefers doing science experiments to spacewalks. 5. What is the main idea of the passage? A. The history of China’s space program. B. Ye Guangfu: A space hero who inspires millions. C. How to become an astronaut in China. D. The tasks of the Shenzhou XVIII mission. B Zhang Yugun, a 41-year-old rural teacher in Henan Province, is known as the “caretaker principal” of Black Tiger Temple Primary School. He has worked there for 21 years, teaching all 5 subjects to students from 3 neighboring villages. The school is located in a mountainous area, with only 13 students and 1 teacher—Zhang himself. He not only teaches classes but also cooks meals for the students, repairs the school buildings, and picks them up from their homes when the roads are slippery in winter. Many young teachers were sent to the school but left quickly because of the harsh conditions. Zhang stayed, because he knew if he left, the school would close and the children would have no access to education. Over the past 21 years, Zhang has taught over 500 students, 21 of whom have gone to college. He uses his own salary to buy books and school supplies for the students, and never asks for extra pay. In 2019, he was awarded the “National Moral Model” title for his dedication to rural education. Zhang says, “I’m just an ordinary teacher, but I want to give these children a chance to see the wider world.” He is the hero who guards the future of rural children with his whole heart. His story reminds us that heroes don’t always wear capes—sometimes they just hold a chalk and stand in a shabby classroom. 1. How many students are there in Black Tiger Temple Primary School now? A. 3. B. 5. C. 13. D. 21. 2. Why did many young teachers leave the school quickly? A. Because the pay was too low. B. Because the conditions were too harsh. C. Because they didn’t like teaching children. D. Because the school was too far from their homes. 3. What does Zhang Yugun do for the students besides teaching? ① Cook meals ② Repair school buildings ③ Pick them up in winter ④ Buy them books and supplies A. ①②③ B. ②③④ C. ①③④ D. ①②③④ 4. What does the underlined word “harsh” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A. 舒适的 B. 恶劣的 C. 有趣的 D. 现代化的 5. What can we learn from the passage? A.Zhang Yugun is the only teacher in the school now. B. All of Zhang’s students have gone to college. C. Zhang became a teacher in 2019. D. Zhang wants to leave the school to find a better job. 四、书面表达（25分） 假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Mike发邮件询问你心中的英雄。请你根据以下提示，给他回一封80-100词的邮件，介绍你心中的英雄（可以是名人，也可以是身边的人），要求至少用到2个定语从句。 提示： 1. 英雄姓名：张桂梅（Zhang Guimei） 2. 主要事迹：扎根云南山区20多年，创办免费女子高中，帮助2000多名女孩考上大学 3. 对你的影响：激励我努力学习，做一个对社会有用的人 参考词汇： senior high school 高中，devote oneself to 投身于，inspire 激励 Dear Mike, I’m glad to receive your email. You asked me about the hero in my heart. Let me tell you about her. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best wishes, Li Hua 参考答案及解析 即练固基 一、1. who 2. which/that 3. whose 4. who/whom/that 5. which/that 6. who/that 7. which/that 8. whose 9. that 10. that 二、1. I admire the scientist who/that developed hybrid rice. 2. The nurse who/that is my aunt worked in Wuhan as a volunteer in 2020. 3. The school that/which was built for girls in mountain areas is free. 4. I have a neighbor who/that often repairs bikes for the elderly for free. 5. The story that/which moved me deeply is about a rural teacher. 三、示例： My hero is my mom, who is a nurse in the local hospital. She often works overtime to help patients in need. The kindness that she shows every day inspires me to be a caring person. 过关检测 一、语法填空 1. who/that（先行词是teacher，指人，在从句中做主语） 2. that/which（先行词是school，指物，在从句中做built的宾语） 3. who/that/whom（先行词是girls，指人，在从句中做taught的宾语） 4. What（主语从句，指代“最打动人的事”） 5. that/which（先行词是awards，指物，在从句中做received的宾语） 6. who/that（先行词是students，指人，在从句中做主语） 7. who/that（先行词是ones，指人，在从句中做主语） 8. who/that（先行词是hero，指人，在从句中做主语） 9. who/that（先行词是one，指人，在从句中做主语） 10. that（先行词被最高级most inspiring修饰，只能用that） 二、完形填空 1. A（先行词是stand，指地点，关系词在从句中做地点状语，用where） 2. B（spend time doing sth. 固定搭配，用making） 3. A（in our community 在社区里，固定搭配） 4. A（follow in one’s footsteps 追随某人的脚步，固定搭配） 5. B（先行词是grandpa，在从句中做定语，表“他的爱和善良”，用whose） 三、阅读理解 A篇：1. C 2. B 3. B 4. B 5. B B篇：1. C 2. B 3. D 4. B 5. A 四、书面表达（参考范文） Dear Mike, I’m glad to receive your email. You asked me about the hero in my heart. Let me tell you about her. Her name is Zhang Guimei, a teacher who has devoted over 20 years to girls’ education in Yunnan’s mountainous areas. The free senior high school that she built in 2008 has helped more than 2000 girls go to college, changing their lives completely. She is the person whose persistence and selflessness inspire me deeply. Her story encourages me to study hard and become a useful person who can contribute to society in the future. Best wishes, Li Hua 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $