专题06 完形填空之六类解题锦囊秘诀（专项训练）（上海专用）2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

**基本信息** 以“六类解题锦囊”为核心，构建从基础到重难再到真题的三阶训练体系，系统整合语义复现、逻辑分析等方法，助力语言能力与思维品质提升。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |模拟·基础演练|6考向×3题例|语义复现（原词/同义/反义）、态度判断（正/负/中立）、逻辑关系（转折/因果等）、语境暗示、词汇辨析、长难句分析|从基础语义到复杂逻辑，层层递进覆盖完形核心解题维度| |重难·创新演练|2篇原创语篇|综合运用六类技巧，聚焦自然生态、终身阅读等热点话题|结合真实语境深化方法迁移，培养批判性思维| |真题·实战演练|2篇名校真题|高频考点（词汇辨析、长难句）实战应用|对接高考命题趋势，强化应试能力与学习策略|

第06讲 完形填空之六类解题锦囊秘诀 参考答案 模拟·基础演练 考向 01 考查语义复现题（原词 / 同义 / 反义） BBB 考向 02 考查作者态度或感情色彩 BBB 考向 03 考查前后逻辑关系（转折 / 因果 / 递进 / 对比） BBB 考向 04 考查语境暗示线索（数据 / 场景 / 行为客观暗示） BCB 考向 05 考查词汇词义差异及词组辨析 BBB 考向 06 考查长难句结构分析及固定搭配 ABB 重难·创新演练 Passage 1 1_A 2_B 3_C 4_B 5_C 6_A 7_D 8_C 9_B 10_B 11_A 12_B 13_C 14_B 15_C Passage 2 1_B 2_B 3_A 4_C 5_B 6_C 7_A 8_D 9_B 10_C 11_A 12_D 13_C 14_B 15_A 名校真题·实战演练 Passage 1 1．D 2．A 3．A 4．C 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．B 11．D 12．C 13．C 14．A 15．D Passage 2 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．A 6．C 7．B 8．D 9．A 10．B 11．C 12．A 13．B 14．D 15．A 20 / 20网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 第06讲 完形填空之六类解题锦囊秘诀 目 录 模拟·基础演练 1 重难·创新演练 7 真题·实战演练 13 模拟·基础演练 考查重点：考查语境暗示线索；考查词汇词义差异及词组辨析…… 考向 01 考查语义复现题（原词 / 同义 / 反义） 题例 1（原词复现・抽象名词） Amid the chaos of urban expansion, many communities strive to preserve their cultural heritage. This relentless pursuit of safeguarding local traditions ensures that such precious ______ is not eroded by globalization. A. innovation B. heritage C. revolution D. illusion 答案：B 解析：前文原词 heritage（文化遗产）间隔复现，this 指代 “保护传统” 的行为，对应核心名词；A 创新、C 革命、D 幻觉均无复现支撑，为上海卷典型无关干扰。 释义：在城市扩张的混乱中，许多社区竭力保护自身文化遗产。这种对守护本土传统的不懈追求，确保了这份珍贵的遗产不会被全球化侵蚀。 题例 2（同义复现・高阶形容词） The veteran scholar was modest and reluctant to flaunt his academic accomplishments. Even when awarded national honors, he remained ______ about his extraordinary achievements. A. arrogant B. humble C. pretentious D. ambitious 答案：B 解析：同义复现逻辑，modest（谦逊的）与 humble 语义完全对等；flaunt（炫耀）反向佐证人物低调特质；A 傲慢的、C 自负的、D 野心勃勃的均和原文人物特质相悖，属于情感反向干扰项。 释义：这位资深学者为人谦逊，不愿炫耀自己的学术成就。即便斩获国家级荣誉，他对自己非凡的成就依旧保持谦卑。 题例 3（反义复现・对比逻辑） Some individuals crave dynamic and bustling metropolises, while others yearn for ______ rural landscapes far removed from urban commotion. A. vibrant B. tranquil C. chaotic D. restless 答案：B 解析：while 引导对比结构，前文 dynamic、bustling（热闹喧嚣的）形成反义线索，tranquil 表示宁静的；A 充满活力的、C 混乱的、D 焦躁不安的均无法构成反义对应，缺少文本线索支撑。 释义：有些人向往充满活力、熙熙攘攘的大都市，而另一些人则渴望远离城市喧嚣、静谧安宁的乡野风光。 考向 02 考查作者态度或感情色彩 题例 1（负面批判态度） The author views the blind pursuit of instant gratification in digital era with ______, arguing that it undermines long-term personal growth and rational thinking. A. approval B. contempt C. sympathy D. indifference 答案：B 解析：文中 blind pursuit、undermines（损害）两处负面线索，体现作者批判立场；contempt 意为蔑视、鄙夷；A 赞同、C 同情、D 漠不关心均为正向或中立态度，与作者立场冲突。 释义：作者对数字时代人们盲目追求即时满足的心态持鄙夷态度，他认为这种心态会阻碍个人长期成长，破坏理性思维。 题例 2（正面赞赏态度） The selfless dedication of frontline workers deserves unanimous ______. The writer repeatedly emphasizes their irreplaceable contribution to societal stability. A. Condemnation B. admiration C. indifference D. resentment 答案：B 解析：selfless dedication（无私奉献）、irreplaceable contribution（不可替代的贡献）为正向线索，admiration 代表钦佩、赞美；A 谴责、D 怨恨是负面词汇，C 冷漠属于中立消极词汇，全部排除。 释义：一线工作者无私的奉献值得所有人由衷钦佩。作者反复强调他们为社会稳定做出了无可替代的贡献。 题例 3（客观中立理性态度） Instead of making subjective judgments, the sociologist maintains a ______ stance and analyzes social phenomena based on empirical data and logical deduction. A. prejudiced B. impartial C. biased D. arbitrary 答案：B 解析：not subjective、empirical data（实证数据）提示客观中立的态度，impartial 指公正客观的；A 带有偏见的、C 偏心的、D 武断的均为负面主观类词汇，不符合语境。 释义：这位社会学家不会做出主观评判，而是秉持公正客观的立场，依托实证数据与逻辑推演分析各类社会现象。 考向 03 考查前后逻辑关系（转折 / 因果 / 递进 / 对比） 题例 1（转折逻辑） The research team invested years in data collection and rigorous experiments; ______, their findings failed to gain widespread recognition in academic circles due to institutional bias. A. consequently B. nevertheless C. therefore D. accordingly 答案：B 解析：前半句描述团队多年投入大量精力，后半句指出成果不被学界认可，前后语义相反，属于转折逻辑；nevertheless 为书面高阶转折副词；A、C、D 均表因果顺承，逻辑不匹配。 释义：这支研究团队耗费数年收集数据、开展严谨实验；然而，受体制偏见影响，他们的研究成果没能在学术界获得广泛认可。 题例 2（因果逻辑） Prolonged exposure to extreme stress disrupts neurochemical balance in the brain; ______, individuals may suffer from chronic anxiety and cognitive impairment. A. however B. hence C. conversely D. meanwhile 答案：B 解析：前半句是诱因：长期高压破坏大脑神经平衡；后半句是结果：人会患上慢性焦虑、认知受损，为因果推导关系；hence 是书面语 “因此”；A 转折、C 相反、D 同时，逻辑均不成立。 释义：长期承受极端压力会打破大脑内的神经化学平衡；因此，人们可能会患上慢性焦虑，同时出现认知功能损伤。 题例 3（递进逻辑） Classical reading enriches linguistic competence and cultivates critical thinking; ______, it fosters empathy and deepens our understanding of human nature. A. however B. furthermore C. otherwise D. nevertheless 答案：B 解析：前文讲述经典阅读两大好处，后文补充另一层价值，属于递进补充逻辑；furthermore 意为此外、而且；A、D 表转折，C 表示否则，无法衔接递进语义。 释义：阅读经典能够提升语言能力、培养批判性思维；除此之外，它还能培养共情力，加深我们对人性的理解。 考向 04 考查语境暗示线索（数据 / 场景 / 行为客观暗示） 题例 1（场景暗示：古籍藏书馆） When the closing bell echoed through the repository, all scholars ceased their discussion and gently returned the rare ______ to their designated shelves to preserve historical archives. A. utensils B. manuscripts C. commodities D. apparatus 答案：B 解析：场景线索 repository 藏书库、scholars 学者、archives 历史档案，锁定古籍文献场景；manuscripts 代表手稿、古籍；A 厨具器皿、C 商品、D 仪器设备，均与藏书馆场景无关。 释义：闭馆铃声在藏书馆中回荡，所有学者停止交谈，小心翼翼地将珍稀古籍放回专属书架，以此保护历史档案。 题例 2（行为暗示：急诊急救场景） The paramedic applied cold compresses to the patient’s temple, monitored vital signs continuously, and administered oxygen; evidently, the patient was suffering from a severe ______. A. fracture B. dehydration C. concussion D. hemorrhage 答案：C 解析：连续动作线索：冷敷太阳穴、持续监测生命体征、吸氧，是脑震荡典型急救操作；concussion 脑震荡；A 骨折需固定夹板、B 脱水需补液、D 大出血需止血，均无对应动作线索。 释义：医护人员将冷敷敷在患者太阳穴，持续监测生命体征并提供氧气；显而易见，这名患者正遭受严重脑震荡。 题例 3（数据暗示：经济增长） The enterprise’s annual revenue surged from 2 million to 20 million within a year, representing a ______ growth that exceeded all industry forecasts. A. steady B. tenfold C. half D. minimal 答案：B 解析：数据客观计算：200 万增长至 2000 万，涨幅十倍；tenfold 十倍的；A 稳定的、C 减半、D 小幅的，均和数据冲突。 释义：这家企业的年收入在一年内从 200 万暴涨至 2000 万，实现了十倍增长，远超行业所有预测。 考向 05 考查词汇词义差异及词组辨析 题例 1（动词词义辨析，学术文稿场景） The editor urged students to ______ their dissertations meticulously to eliminate logical flaws and lexical errors before submission. A. Formulate B. revise C. imitate D. penetrate 答案：B 解析：revise 特指修改、修订文稿论文，贴合后文修正逻辑漏洞、用词错误的语境；A 构思、创作；C 模仿；D 渗透，均无修改文稿的含义。 释义：编辑要求学生在提交前仔细修订学位论文，剔除文中的逻辑漏洞与用词错误。 题例 2（抽象名词辨析，因果区分） Inadequate sleep and irregular routines are regarded as major ______ of cognitive decline and diminished academic performance among adolescents. A. consequences B. catalysts C. symptoms D. illusions 答案：B 解析：catalyst 本义催化剂，引申为诱因，指代引发不良结果的源头；A 后果、C 症状均是结果，混淆因果；D 幻想，语义无关。 释义：睡眠不足、作息紊乱被视作青少年认知衰退、学业下滑的主要诱因。 题例 3（高阶动词短语辨析） Only those who can ______ adversities and persist in their aspirations will achieve extraordinary accomplishments in the long run. A. come by B. pull through C. turn down D. break down 答案：B 解析：pull through 渡过难关、熬过困境，搭配 adversities 逆境；A 偶然得到；B 拒绝；D 崩溃、出故障，短语语义均不符合坚守理想、对抗逆境的语境。 释义：只有那些能够熬过逆境、坚守理想的人，最终才能取得非凡的成就。 考向 06 考查长难句结构分析及固定搭配 题例 1（多层定语从句嵌套） Those who persist in exploring the essence of human nature amid the intricate complexities of modern society often attain a rare ______ that transcends superficial judgments and emotional biases. A. Insight B. prejudice C. routine D. restriction 答案：A 解析：句子多层修饰：who 引导定语从句修饰主语，that 引导定语从句修饰空格名词；语境线索：探索人性本质、超越肤浅评判，对应 insight 洞察力；B 偏见、C 日常惯例、D 束缚，语义完全相悖。 释义：那些在纷繁复杂的现代社会中坚持探寻人性本质的人，往往能拥有一种难得的洞察力，得以摆脱浅薄的评判与情绪化偏见。 题例 2（让步状语从句嵌套） Even when surrounded by widespread skepticism and harsh criticism, a far-sighted creator will still ______ his original vision and refuse to compromise on core fundamental values. A. abandon B. uphold C. modify D. surrender 答案：B 解析：when 引导让步状语插入句中，句子结构复杂；线索 refuse to compromise 拒绝妥协，对应 uphold 坚守、捍卫；A 抛弃、C 修改、D 投降让步，均与不妥协的语境相反。 释义：即便身处漫天质疑与尖锐批评之中，有远见的创作者仍会坚守初心，拒绝在核心根本价值观上做出妥协。 题例 3（并列分词长难句，选项均为形容词） A mature logical thinker tends to hold a ______ attitude toward highly controversial social issues, weighing multiple conflicting perspectives before drawing any definite conclusion. A. reckless B. cautious C. radical D. impulsive 答案：B 解析：主句后伴随分词状语 weighing multiple perspectives（权衡多方观点），句式层次复杂；线索不急于下定论、多方权衡，对应 cautious 审慎的；A 鲁莽的、C 激进的、D 冲动的，均为反义词干扰。 释义：成熟理性的思考者面对极具争议的社会议题时，往往持有审慎的态度，会权衡多方对立观点后再得出确定结论。 重难·创新演练 设题创新:自然生态与人文守护; 终身阅读与自我成长 Passage 1 【原创试题·自然生态与人文守护】 Human beings have long regarded wilderness as a resource to exploit rather than a treasure to preserve. This outdated mindset has brought irreversible damage to native ecosystems. Only a shift in collective awareness can reverse this destructive trend and restore ecological __1. Many wildlife reserves are built to shield endangered species from hunting and habitat loss. Yet insufficient funding and weak supervision make such protective measures merely __2. The local rangers patrol forests day and night to block illegal logging; their persistent __3 serves as the last barrier for vulnerable wild creatures. Some city dwellers hold a biased opinion that wild land is useless and unproductive. Such narrow __4 blinds them to the vital ecological services provided by intact nature. Wetlands purify water and moderate extreme temperatures; __5, they offer exclusive shelters for rare migratory birds. Industrial expansion constantly squeezes living space of wild animals. Factories discharge toxic wastewater into rivers; __6, countless aquatic species face gradual extinction. A recent official survey shows that local bird populations have dropped by 68 percent in ten years, a __7 decline that alarms environmental researchers. The essay severely criticizes unlimited industrial exploitation and advocates balanced coexistence between humans and nature. The writer holds a firmly __8 attitude toward ecological protection and disapproves of profit-oriented land development. The whole passage aims to inspire citizens to __9 environmental responsibility instead of ignoring ecological crises. When carrying out ecological restoration projects, workers must reject quick, superficial solutions and stick to __10 long-term plans. Those who merely pursue short-term economic gains will __11 the subtle balance of natural cycles. The complex ecosystem, which consists of intertwined plants, animals and microorganisms, relies on delicate mutual restraints to maintain stability. If one vital link collapses, the whole system will lose its __12 operation. To __13 the worsening ecological damage, governments should combine strict legislation with widespread public education. Many volunteers devote spare time to tree planting and wildlife observation; their joint __14 gradually slows the pace of environmental degradation. True environmental protection never relies on empty slogans but consistent practical actions. Lasting ecological recovery originates from shared inner __15_ of all mankind. 1 A. balance B. chaos C. conflict D. shortage 2 A. effective B. temporary C. powerful D. permanent 3 A. resistance B. ignorance C. effort D. complaint 4 A. vision B. judgment C. defense D. evidence 5 A. otherwise B. therefore C. furthermore D. nevertheless 6 A. in turn B. in short C. in vain D. in stock 7 A. mild B. steady C. slight D. sharp 8 A. neutral B. negative C. supportive D. indifferent 9 A. escape B. shoulder C. abandon D. delay 10 A. hasty B. strategic C. random D. shallow 11 A. destroy B. protect C. adjust D. restore 12 A. abnormal B. stable C. flexible D. limited 13 A. speed up B. let out C. hold back D. bring about 14 A. separation B. cooperation C. competition D. hesitation 15___ A. indifference B. prejudice C. awareness D. confusion 答案 1_A 2_B 3_C 4_B 5_C 6_A 7_D 8_C 9_B 10_B 11_A 12_B 13_C 14_B 15_C 文章大意 本文为环保主题议论文，围绕人类与自然共生展开。文章批判人类长期掠夺式开发荒野的落后观念，指出资金短缺、监管薄弱让野生动物保护流于表面；通过湿地功能、鸟类数量锐减等客观场景与数据，论证工业扩张对生态的严重破坏；作者旗帜鲜明支持生态保护，反对唯利是图的土地开发，倡导民众主动承担环保责任；文末强调生态修复拒绝短期表面工程，需要长远规划、多方协作，唯有全人类形成统一的环保意识、落实持续行动，才能遏制环境恶化，恢复自然生态稳定平衡。15 道题目完整覆盖六大核心考向，全部选项为实词 / 固定词组，无语法考点，仅依托语境语义辨析，完全贴合上海高考完形命题标准。 逐题解析 1___ 答案：A 解析：考向 01 语义反义复现。前文 destructive trend（破坏性趋势）反向对应 restore ecological balance（恢复生态平衡）；B 混乱、C 冲突、D 短缺均与修复自然的语境语义相悖。 释义：人类长期将荒野视作可开采资源，而非需要守护的珍宝。这种落后观念对原生生态系统造成了不可逆的破坏。只有全民意识转变，才能扭转这种破坏趋势，恢复生态平衡。 2___ 答案：B 解析：考向 03 转折逻辑关系。句内 yet 表转折，资金不足、监管薄弱，说明保护措施只是短暂、流于形式的 temporary；A 有效的、C 强有力的、D 永久的均和转折逻辑冲突。 释义：许多野生动物保护区设立初衷是保护濒危物种免受捕猎与栖息地流失的威胁，但资金不足、监管薄弱让这类保护举措仅能起到短暂作用。 3___ 答案：C 解析：考向 01 同义语义复现。patrol forests day and night（日夜巡林）同义对应 persistent effort（不懈付出）；A 抵抗、B 漠视、D 抱怨均无法匹配护林员的守护行为。 释义：当地护林员日夜巡林，阻止非法伐木，他们持续不懈的付出，是弱势野生动物最后的屏障。 4___ 答案：B 解析：考向 01 原词复现。前半句 hold a biased opinion（持有偏见观点）与本空 judgment 形成同义复现；A 视野、C 辩护、D 证据均无法承接人们片面看待荒野的思维。 释义：部分城市居民抱有片面认知，认为荒地毫无产出、毫无价值。这种狭隘的评判让他们看不见完整自然提供的关键生态服务。 5___ 答案：C 解析：考向 03 递进逻辑关系。前一句介绍湿地净化水源、调节气温，后文补充湿地为候鸟提供栖息地，两层价值递进，furthermore 表此外、而且；A 否则、B 因此、D 然而逻辑不匹配。 释义：湿地能够净化水源、调节极端气温；此外，它们还为珍稀候鸟提供专属栖息场所。 6___ 答案：A 解析：考向 03 因果顺承逻辑。工厂排放有毒废水，进而导致水生生物灭绝，in turn 表示相应地、继而；B 简而言之、C 徒劳、D 有库存均无法体现行为带来连锁恶果。 释义：工业扩张持续挤压野生动物生存空间，工厂向河流排放有毒废水，继而无数水生物种面临逐步灭绝的危机。 7___ 答案：D 解析：考向 04 数据客观暗示线索。数据十年鸟类数量下降 68%，属于大幅急剧下跌，sharp 表示急剧的；A 温和的、B 稳定的、C 轻微的均与 68% 大幅衰减的数据矛盾。 释义：近期官方调查显示，本地鸟类数量十年间下降 68%，这一急剧下跌的数据令环境研究者深感担忧。 8___ 答案：C 解析：考向 02 作者态度感情色彩。后文 disapproves of profit-oriented development（反对逐利开发），可见作者对生态保护持支持正向态度 supportive；A 中立、B 消极反对、D 漠不关心均不符合作者立场。 释义：文章严厉批判无节制的工业开发，倡导人与自然平衡共存。作者对生态保护持坚定支持态度，反对以盈利为导向的土地开发。 9___ 答案：B 解析：考向 05 动词词义辨析词组。shoulder responsibility 为固定搭配，意为承担责任；A 逃避、C 放弃、D 拖延均与号召民众参与环保的主旨相反。 释义：整篇文章旨在呼吁公民主动承担环保责任，而非对生态危机视而不见。 10___ 答案：B 解析：考向 03 对比逻辑关系。本句 reject quick, superficial solutions（拒绝短期表面方案），对比需要长远战略性规划 strategic；A 仓促的、C 随机的、D 肤浅的均为文中否定的负面方式。 释义：开展生态修复工程时，工作人员必须摒弃快速、流于表面的解决手段，坚持长远战略性规划。 11___ 答案：A 解析：考向 02 感情色彩 + 词义辨析。只追求短期经济收益会破坏自然循环平衡，destroy 表示摧毁；B 保护、C 调整、D 修复均语义完全相反。 释义：那些只追逐短期经济利益的人，会破坏自然循环微妙的平衡。 12___ 答案：B 解析：考向 01 同义复现。前半句 maintain stability（维持稳定），本空 stable operation 同义对应稳定运转；A 异常的、C 灵活的、D 有限的均偏离生态稳定的核心表述。 释义：这套由动植物、微生物交织构成的复杂生态系统，依靠微妙的相互制约维持稳定。一旦某个关键环节崩塌，整个系统就无法稳定运转。 13___ 答案：C 解析：考向 05 短语词义辨析。后文出台法律、开展教育，目的是遏制持续恶化的生态破坏，hold back 意为遏制、阻止；A 加速、B 放出、D 引发均语义相反。 释义：想要遏制持续恶化的生态破坏，政府应当将严苛立法与全民科普教育相结合。 14___ 答案：B 解析：考向 04 行为客观暗示线索。volunteers 共同植树、观测野生动物，多人联合行动对应 cooperation 协作；A 分离、C 竞争、D 犹豫均不符合志愿者合力环保的场景。 释义：许多志愿者利用空闲时间植树、观测野生动物，他们的共同协作逐步减缓环境恶化的速度。 15___ 答案：C 解析：考向 06 长难句结构 + 全文语篇线索。本句长难句拆分：真正环保不靠口号，而靠持续行动；全文反复强调转变认知、树立环保观念，inner awareness 内在意识；A 冷漠、B 偏见、D 迷茫均为负面词汇，与全文主旨冲突。 释义：真正的生态保护从来不靠空洞口号，而是依靠持续落地的实际行动。长久的生态恢复，源于全人类共同的内在环保意识。 Passage 2 【原创试题·终身阅读与自我成长】 Nowadays, short-video platforms dominate people’s spare time, pushing deep reading into a neglected corner. Many youngsters regard thick books as boring burdens and __1_ short fragmented reading as the only accessible way to gain information. This reading habit gap gradually widens the distance between readers and profound thoughts. Brief online articles only deliver instant entertainment, while classic works carry lasting spiritual nourishment. __2 casual scrolling brings temporary joy, thoughtful reading shapes lasting inner temperament. Few people realize that fragmented reading cannot __3 the complete logical thinking built through systematic book reading. A large number of students abandon long-form reading for quick online content. Such __4 choice makes their minds shallow and unable to analyze complex social issues objectively. Libraries across the city set up quiet reading zones to draw readers back to paper books; their consistent __5 gradually awakens citizens’ passion for deep reading. Most netizens tend to accept online viewpoints without independent thinking. This passive __6 prevents them from forming unique personal judgment. Reading classics acts as a powerful tool to polish one’s mind and cultivate rational mindsets; __7, it helps people resist the misleading one-sided opinions online. A recent education survey shows that senior high students’ weekly long reading time has fallen by 72 percent within five years, a __8_ drop that alarms educators and literary researchers. The passage sharply criticizes superficial fragmented reading and advocates lifelong deep reading. The writer holds a firmly __9 attitude toward classic reading and opposes over-reliance on brief online texts. The whole article aims to inspire teenagers to __10 reading duties and rebuild steady reading habits. When carrying out school reading programs, teachers must reject quick reading tasks and stick to __11 long-term reading plans. Those who only chase fast reading quantities will __12 the complete logic and emotional value hidden in literary works. The complex ideological system inside masterpieces, which combines history, philosophy and human emotion, relies on continuous concentrated reading to be fully understood. If readers skim hastily, they will lose access to the works’ __13_ spiritual charm. To __14 the decline of deep reading among young generations, schools and families should combine reading guidance with daily reading practice. Numerous book lovers organize offline reading salons and share reading insights; their joint __15 slowly brings deep reading back into young people’s daily lives. 1 A. dismiss B. praise C. ignore D. condemn 2 A. Since B. While C. If D. Unless 3 A. replace B. strengthen C. support D. display 4 A. wise B. rational C. hasty D. cautious 5 A. resistance B. effort C. complaint D. hesitation 6 A. creation B. reflection C. acceptance D. resistance 7 A. furthermore B. otherwise C. therefore D. nevertheless 8 A. mild B. slight C. steady D. sharp 9 A. neutral B. supportive C. indifferent D. negative 10 A. escape B. delay C. shoulder D. abandon 11 A. strategic B. random C. shallow D. hasty 12 A. discover B. grasp C. protect D. miss 13 A. abnormal B. stable C. unique D. limited 14 A. speed up B. hold back C. bring about D. let out 15. A. cooperation B. competition C. separation D. confusion 答案 1_B 2_B 3_A 4_C 5_B 6_C 7_A 8_D 9_B 10_C 11_A 12_D 13_C 14_B 15_A 文章大意 本文属于教育思辨类议论文，围绕碎片化浅阅读与深度经典阅读的对立展开。文章指出短视频挤占阅读时间，年轻人追捧碎片化线上内容、排斥长篇书籍，这种阅读方式会造成思维浅薄；结合教育调研数据直观展现青少年深度阅读时长大幅下滑的现状；作者鲜明支持长期经典阅读，批判浮躁的碎片化浏览，说明深度阅读能够构建完整逻辑、塑造独立思考能力，抵御网络片面观点；文末呼吁学校、家庭与阅读爱好者协同发力，推行长期系统化阅读规划，共同遏制深度阅读衰退，让精读回归大众生活。15 道题目完整覆盖六大核心考向，全部选项为实词、固定词组，无语法考点，仅依托语境语义辨析，贴合上海高考完形命题标准。 逐题解析 1___ 答案：B 解析：考向 01 反义复现。前半句年轻人把厚书视作枯燥负担，前后形成对比，推崇碎片化短阅读；praise 表示推崇、夸赞；A 摒弃、C 忽视、D 谴责均与本句年轻人偏爱短视频阅读的态度相反。 释义：如今短视频平台占据人们大量空闲时间，深度阅读被抛至无人问津的角落。许多年轻人将厚重书籍视作枯燥负担，却推崇碎片化短阅读作为获取信息唯一便捷的途径。这种阅读习惯的差距，渐渐拉大了读者与深刻思想之间的距离。 2___ 答案：B 解析：考向 03 对比逻辑关系。while 引导让步对比，浅层刷手机只能带来短暂快乐，深度阅读塑造长久内在修养；A 因为、C 如果、D 除非均无法构成两种阅读方式的对比逻辑。 释义：简短网络文章只能带来即时娱乐，而经典著作具备长久的精神滋养。虽然随手刷手机只能带来片刻欢愉，但深度阅读能塑造持久的内在气质。 3___ 答案：A 解析：考向 03 因果逻辑。碎片化阅读无法替代系统性读书养成的完整逻辑思维，replace 意为替代；B 强化、C 支撑、D 展示均不符合两种阅读模式的优劣对比语境。 释义：很少有人意识到，碎片化阅读无法替代系统性读书所构建出的完整逻辑思维。 4___ 答案：C 解析：考向 02 感情色彩判断。放弃长篇阅读、沉迷快餐式内容是草率、缺乏思考的选择，hasty 草率的；A 明智的、B 理性的、D 谨慎的均为正向词汇，与文章批判的行为相悖。 释义：大量学生放弃长篇阅读，转而追求快餐式网络内容。这种草率选择会让他们思维浅薄，无法客观分析复杂社会问题。 5___ 答案：B 解析：考向 01 同义复现。城市图书馆开设安静阅读区吸引读者，长期持续的付出 effort 唤醒大众阅读热情；A 抵抗、C 抱怨、D 犹豫均无法匹配图书馆推广阅读的行动。 释义：全市各大图书馆设立安静阅读区域，吸引读者回归纸质书籍；它们持续不懈的付出，慢慢唤醒了市民对深度阅读的热爱。 6___ 答案：C 解析：考向 01 原词同义复现。前文 accept online viewpoints（被动接收网络观点），本空 acceptance 同义对应被动接纳；A 创作、B 反思、D 抗拒均与不加思考全盘接收信息的行为不符。 释义：大多数网民习惯不加思考全盘接纳网络观点，这种被动接纳会让他们无法形成独立独到的判断。 7___ 答案：A 解析：考向 03 递进逻辑。阅读经典第一重作用打磨心智、培养理性思维，后文补充第二层作用抵御网络片面误导言论，furthermore 表此外、而且；B 否则、C 因此、D 然而逻辑不成立。 释义：阅读经典是打磨心智、培养理性思维的有力工具；除此之外，它还能帮助人们分辨并抵制网络上具有误导性的片面言论。 8___ 答案：D 解析：考向 04 数据客观暗示线索。五年间高中生深度阅读时长下降 72%，降幅巨大，sharp 表示急剧的；A 温和的、B 轻微的、C 稳定的均和大幅下滑的数据冲突。 释义：近期一份教育调研显示，高中生每周深度阅读时长五年内下降 72%，这一急剧下滑的数据令教育工作者与文学研究者深感忧虑。 9___ 答案：B 解析：考向 02 作者态度感情色彩。后文 opposes over-reliance on brief online texts（反对过度依赖浅层网文），可见作者对经典阅读持支持态度 supportive；A 中立、C 冷漠、D 否定均不符合作者立场。 释义：文章尖锐批判流于表面的碎片化阅读，倡导终身深度阅读。作者坚定支持经典阅读，反对人们过度依赖简短网络文本。 10___ 答案：C 解析：考向 05 动词固定搭配辨析。shoulder reading duties 为固定搭配，承担阅读使命；A 逃避、B 拖延、D 放弃均与号召青少年坚持阅读的主旨相反。 释义：整篇文章旨在激励青少年承担阅读使命，重新建立稳定的阅读习惯。 11___ 答案：A 解析：考向 03 对比逻辑。本句 reject quick reading tasks（拒绝速成阅读任务），对比需要具备长远规划的 strategic 阅读方案；B 随机的、C 肤浅的、D 仓促的均是文中否定的阅读模式。 释义：学校开展阅读课程时，教师应当摒弃速成阅读任务，坚持具备长远规划的长期阅读方案。 12___ 答案：D 解析：考向 02 词义 + 感情色彩辨析。只追求阅读数量会错过文学作品内在完整逻辑与情感价值，miss 意为错过；A 发现、B 掌握、C 保护语义完全相反。 释义：那些一味追求阅读速度与数量的人，会错过文学作品中完整的逻辑与深层情感价值。 13___ 答案：C 解析：考向 01 同义复现。经典名著融合历史、哲学与人情，拥有独有的精神魅力，unique 独特的；A 反常的、B 稳定的、D 有限的均无法体现经典不可替代的特质。 释义：名著中复杂的思想体系融合历史、哲学与人的情感，只有持续专注阅读才能完全读懂。如果读者草草略读，便无法体会作品独有的精神魅力。 14___ 答案：B 解析：考向 05 短语词义辨析。学校与家庭配合引导阅读，目的是遏制年轻人深度阅读持续衰退的现状，hold back 遏制、阻止；A 加速、C 引发、D 放出语义相反。 释义：想要遏制年轻群体深度阅读持续衰退的现状，学校和家庭应当将阅读引导融入日常阅读实践。 15___ 答案：A 解析：考向 04 场景行为暗示线索。读书爱好者线下举办读书会、交流心得，多人合力行动对应 cooperation 协作；B 竞争、C 割裂、D 迷茫均不符合全民合力推广阅读的场景。 释义：大量读书爱好者线下举办读书会、分享阅读感悟，他们的共同协作慢慢让深度阅读重回年轻人的日常生活。 名校真题·实战演练 高频考点：考查词汇词义差异及词组辨析；长难句结构分析等 Passage 1 【来源】上海复旦大学附属中学2026届高三下三月第二次阶段检测 Lately, it’s been hard for Jack Innenan, a 22-year-old TikTok star from Toronto, to create content. “I feel like I’m 1 a keg (酒桶) that’s been empty for a year,” he said. Spending hours shooting, editing, storyboarding, 2 with fans, setting up brand deals and balancing the many other responsibilities that come with being a successful content creator have taken a toll. Mr. Innenan, like so many Gen Z influencers who 3 fame in the last year, is burned out. “I get to the point where I’m like, ‘I have to make a video today,’ and I spend the entire day 4 the process,” he said. He’s hardly the only one. Throughout 2020, social media 5 a new generation of young stars. Now, many of them say they have reached a 6 point. Burnout has affected generations of social media creators. In 2017, Instagram influencers began leaving the platform, saying they were feeling depressed and discouraged. In 2018, many large YouTube creators began stepping away from the platform, 7 mental health issues. But problems with burnout in the creator community are endemic. “If you slow down, you might disappear,” the YouTuber Olga Kay told Fast Company in 2014. When a fresh crop of young stars seeking fame and fortune began building audiences on TikTok in late 2019 and early 2020, many were 8 that this time would be different. Still, they weren’t prepared for the draining work of building, maintaining and 9 an audience. 10 , they have encountered all kinds of problems, including bullying harassment and discrimination. “Some creators get their content 11 too, so someone else will go viral off their content and get all the 12 ,” Mr. Harris said. To cope with depression, many TikTok creators have sought therapy and life coaching, or tried to be more 13 with their fans and friends about their struggles. A TikTok spokesperson wrote in an email statement, “We’re focused on understanding their individual content goals and experiences, and our teams continue to work to provide resources, support, and an open door for feedback.” But even the most 14 platforms can’t eliminate the hazards inherent in a creator’s job, or the pressure many creators put on themselves. “It feels like I personally am failing and may never recover if a 15 flops,” a TikTok creator said. 1．A．filling B．kicking C．rolling D．tapping 2．A．engaging B．identifying C．idling D．reacting 3．A．found B．lost C．rejected D．sought 4．A．anticipating B．conceiving C．dreading D．savoring 5．A．advertised B．approved C．minted D．replaced 6．A．boiling B．breaking C．bursting D．turning 7．A．citing B．concealing C．leaving D．treating 8．A．afraid B．assured C．hopeful D．suspicious 9．A．educating B．monetizing C．quarantining D．tricking 10．A．Above all B．Even worse C．As a result D．On the other hand 11．A．canceled B．followed C．robbed D．stolen 12．A．depression B．heat C．press D．tension 13．A．emotional B．friendly C．open D．optimistic 14．A．helpful B．innovative C．popular D．profitable 15．A．brand B．commercial C．platform D．video 【答案】 1．D 2．A 3．A 4．C 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．B 11．D 12．C 13．C 14．A 15．D 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲的是社交媒体内容创作者面临的职业倦怠（burnout）问题。 【详解】1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我觉得自己就像在敲一个已经空了一年的酒桶，”他说。A. filling填充；B. kicking踢；C. rolling滚动；D. tapping轻拍。根据上文“to create content”和后文“a keg (酒桶) that’s been empty for a year”及第二段的“burned out”可知，Jack Innenan要创作内容，创作是希望能有所产出，但是他精疲力尽了，所以感觉自己就像在敲一个已经空了的酒桶，很难有东西被创作出来，故选D。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：花几个小时拍摄、剪辑、设计故事板、与粉丝互动、安排品牌合作，以及平衡成为成功内容创作者所带来的许多其他责任，都让人身心俱疲。A. engaging与……建立密切关系，使参与；B. identifying识别；C. idling虚度光阴；D. reacting反应。根据后文“with fans”可知，此处指与粉丝互动，engage with意为“与……互动”，故选A。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：和许多在去年崭露头角的 Z 世代网红一样，他已精疲力竭。A. found发现；B. lost失去；C. rejected拒绝；D. sought寻找。根据上文“a successful content creator”和后文“fame”可知，此处指崭露头角的 Z 世代网红，find fame意为“成名”，故选A。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我到了这样的地步，心想，‘我今天必须拍个视频，’然后我一整天都在害怕这个过程，”他说。A. anticipating预期；B. conceiving构思；C. dreading害怕；D. savoring享受。根据上文“Mr. Innenan, like so many Gen Z influencers who ___ fame in the last year, is burned out.”可知，伊内南感到身心疲惫，所以此处指他害怕创作视频的过程，dread符合语境。故选C。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：2020年全年，社交媒体造就了一批新一代的年轻明星。A. advertised广告；B. approved批准；C. minted铸造，创造；D. replaced取代。根据后文“a new generation of young stars”可知，此处指社交媒体创造了一批新一代的年轻明星，mint符合语境。故选C。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，他们中的许多人表示，自己已经到了崩溃的边缘。A. boiling沸腾；B. breaking破碎，崩溃；C. bursting爆发；D. turning转动。根据下文“Burnout has affected generations of social media creators.”以及语境可知，职业倦怠已经影响了好几代社交媒体创作者，此处指他们到了崩溃的边缘，break point意为“临界点，崩溃点”符合语境。故选B。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：2018年，许多大型YouTube创作者开始远离该平台，理由是心理健康问题。A. citing列举，提及；B. concealing隐藏；C. leaving离开；D. treating治疗。根据后文“mental health issues”可知，此处指他们以心理健康问题为由远离平台，cite符合语境，表“提及”。故选A。 8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：2019年末至2020年初，当一批新涌现的渴望名利的年轻明星开始在抖音上积累粉丝时，许多人满怀希望，觉得这次情况会有所不同。A. afraid害怕的；B. assured确定的；C. hopeful有希望的；D. suspicious怀疑的。根据后文“that this time would be different”可知，此处指许多人希望这次会有所不同，hopeful符合语境。故选C。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，他们还是没有为建立、维护和从观众中获利这一耗尽精力的工作做好准备。A. educating教育；B. monetizing从……中获利；C. quarantining隔离；D. tricking欺骗。根据第五段“social media creators”和后文“an audience”以及语境可知，此处指社交媒体创作者从观众中获利，monetize符合语境。故选B。 10．考查固定短语辨析。句意：更糟糕的是，他们遇到了各种各样的问题，包括欺凌、骚扰和歧视。A. Above all最重要的是；B. Even worse更糟糕的是；C. As a result结果；D. On the other hand另一方面。根据后文“they have encountered all kinds of problems, including bullying harassment and discrimination”可知，此处指情况更糟糕了，他们遇到了欺凌、骚扰和歧视之类的问题，Even worse符合语境。故选B。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：哈里斯先生说：“一些创作者的内容也会被盗用，所以其他人会凭借他们的内容走红，获得所有媒体关注 。”A. canceled取消；B. followed跟随；C. robbed抢劫；D. stolen偷。根据后文“so someone else will go viral off their content”可知，此处指一些创作者的内容被盗用了，所以其他人才会因为他们的内容而走红，stolen符合语境。故选D。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：哈里斯先生说：“一些创作者的内容也会被盗用，所以其他人会凭借他们的内容走红，获得所有媒体关注 。”A. depression沮丧；B. heat热度；C. press新闻报道；D. tension紧张。根据上文“so someone else will go viral off their content”可知，其他人会因为他们的内容而走红，走红了就会成为媒体关注的焦点，get all the press意为“成为媒体关注的焦点”。故选C。 13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：为了应对抑郁，许多TikTok创作者寻求治疗和生活指导，或者试图更坦诚地与粉丝和朋友分享自己的挣扎。A. emotional情绪的；B. friendly友好的；C. open公开的，坦诚的；D. optimistic乐观的。根据后文“with their fans and friends about their struggles”可知，此处指更坦诚地与粉丝和朋友分享自己的挣扎，open符合语境。故选C。 14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但即使是最有帮助的平台，也无法消除创作者工作中固有的风险，以及许多创作者给自己施加的压力。A. helpful有帮助的；B. innovative创新的；C. popular受欢迎的；D. profitable盈利的。根据上文“our teams continue to work to provide resources, support”可知抖音是有帮助的平台，此处指即使是最有帮助的平台，也无法消除创作者工作中固有的风险，故选A。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“如果一段视频失败了，我会觉得自己很失败，可能永远都无法恢复，”一位TikTok创作者说。A. brand品牌；B. commercial商业广告；C. platform平台；D. video视频。根据上文（第三段）“I get to the point where I’m like, ‘I have to make a video today,’”可知，此处指如果一段视频失败了，video符合语境。故选D。 Passage 2 【2025届上海市复兴高级中学高三下学期三模英语试题】 How can one person enjoy good health, while another person looks old before her time? Humans have been asking this question for thousands of years, and recently, it’s becoming clearer and clearer to scientists that the differences between people’s rates of aging lie in the complex 1 among genes, social relationships, environments and lifestyles. Even though you were born with a particular set of genes, the way you live can 2 how they express themselves. Some lifestyle factors may even turn genes on or 3 them. Deep within the genetic heart of all our cells are telomeres, or repeating segments of non-coding DNA that live at the ends of the chromosomes (染色体).They form caps at the ends of the chromosomes and keep the genetic material together. Shortening with each cell division, they help determine how 4 a cell ages. When they become too short, the cell stops 5 altogether. This isn’t the only reason a cell can age — there are other stresses on cells we don’t yet understand very well — but short telomeres are one of the 6 reasons human cells grow old. We’ve devoted most of our careers to studying telomeres, and one extraordinary discovery from our labs is that telomeres can actually 7 . Scientists have learned that several thought patterns appear to be 8 for telomeres and one of them is cynical hostility. Cynical hostility is defined by high anger and frequent thoughts that other people cannot be trusted. Someone with hostility doesn’t just think, “I hate to stand in long lines”; they think, “Others 9 sped up and beat me to my rightful position in the line!” — and then get violently agitated. People who score high on measures of cynical hostility tend to get more heart disease, metabolic disease and often die at 10 ages. They also have shorter telomeres. In a study of British civil servants, men who scored high on measures of cynical hostility had shorter telomeres than men whose hostility scores were low. The most hostile men were 30% more likely to have short telomeres. What this means: aging is a 11 process that could possibly be accelerated or slowed, and in some aspects, even reversed. To an extent, it has 12 us and the rest of the scientific community that telomeres do not simply carry out the commands issued by your genetic code. Your telomeres are 13 you. The foods you eat, your response to challenges, the amount of exercise you get, and many other factors appear to influence your telomeres and can prevent 14 aging at the cellular level. One of the keys to enjoying good health is simply doing your part to foster healthy cell 15 . 1．A．quality B．interaction C．breakthrough D．challenge 2．A．influence B．exchange C．integrate D．evolve 3．A．set out B．put up C．shut off D．act as 4．A．natural B．potential C．unique D．fast 5．A．dividing B．recycling C．creating D．processing 6．A．efficient B．productive C．major D．subsequent 7．A．deepen B．lengthen C．widen D．improve 8．A．primitive B．resistant C．original D．unhealthy 9．A．deliberately B．accidentally C．literally D．exceptionally 10．A．mature B．younger C．incredible D．current 11．A．permanent B．fundamental C．dynamic D．positive 12．A．surprised B．reminded C．upset D．trained 13．A．stirring up B．listening to C．breaking down D．turning into 14．A．original B．frequent C．universal D．premature 15．A．renewal B．recycle C．rediscovery D．reduction 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．A 6．C 7．B 8．D 9．A 10．B 11．C 12．A 13．B 14．D 15．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人类衰老速度差异的奥秘一直是千古谜题，现代科学发现其关键在于基因、社会关系、环境和生活方式的复杂相互作用。生活方式不仅能影响基因表达，甚至能调控基因的“开启”或“关闭”。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：几千年来，人类一直在问这个问题，最近，科学家们越来越清楚地认识到，人们衰老速度的差异在于基因、社会关系、环境和生活方式之间复杂的相互作用。A. quality质量；B. interaction相互作用；C. breakthrough突破；D. challenge挑战。根据句意以及下文“among genes, social relationships, environments and lifestyles”可知，这里指基因、社会关系、环境和生活方式之间复杂的“相互作用”。故选B项。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使你生来就有一组特殊的基因，你的生活方式也会影响它们的表达方式。A. influence影响；B. exchange交换；C. integrate使结合；D. evolve进化。根据下文“Some lifestyle factors may even turn genes on or ____3____ them.”可知，这里指的是生活方式能够“影响”基因的表达。故选A项。 3．考查动词短语辨析。句意：一些生活方式因素甚至可能开启或关闭基因。A. set out出发，开始；B. put up张贴，举起；C. shut off关闭；D. act as担任，充当。根据上文“Some lifestyle factors may even turn genes on”可知，与 turn genes on（开启基因）相对应的是“关闭”基因，shut off 有“关闭”的意思。故选C项。 4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着每次细胞分裂而缩短，它们有助于确定细胞衰老的速度。A. natural成熟的；B. potential潜在的；C. unique独特的；D. fast快的。根据上文“Shortening with each cell division”可知，端粒随着细胞分裂而缩短，它们有助于决定细胞衰老的“速度”。故选D项。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当它们变得太短时，细胞就完全停止分裂。A. dividing分裂；B. recycling循环；C. creating创造；D. processing处理。根据上文“Shortening with each cell division”提到细胞分裂，由此可知，当端粒变得太短时，细胞就会完全停止“分裂”。故选A项。 6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这并不是细胞衰老的唯一原因——我们还不太了解细胞受到的其他压力——但短端粒是人类细胞衰老的主要原因之一。A. efficient有效的；B. productive多产的；C. major主要的；D. subsequent随后的。根据上文“This isn't the only reason a cell can age — there are other stresses on cells we don't yet understand very well”可知，短端粒是人类细胞变老的“主要”原因之一。故选C项。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们的大部分职业生涯都致力于研究端粒，我们实验室的一个非凡发现是，端粒实际上可以延长。A. deepen加深；B. lengthen变长；C. widen加宽；D. improve改善。根据前文“Shortening with each cell division”提到端粒会缩短，这里说有一个非凡的发现，即端粒实际上可以“变长”。故选B项。 8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：科学家们已经了解到，有几种思维模式似乎对端粒不健康，其中之一是愤世嫉俗的敌意。A. primitive原始的；B. resistant抵制的；C. original最初的；D. unhealthy不健康的。根据后文“People who score high on measures of cynical hostility tend to get more heart disease”提到的愤世嫉俗的敌意这种思维模式会使人有更短的端粒，可知一些思维模式对端粒是“有害的、不健康的”。故选D项。 9．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们会想：“别人故意加快速度，把我抢到应有的位置！”A. deliberately故意地；B. accidentally意外地；C. literally照字面地；D. exceptionally特别地。根据下文“sped up and beat me to my rightful position in the line”可知，怀有敌意的人会认为别人是“故意”加速并抢占了他们在队伍中的正当位置。故选A项。 10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在愤世嫉俗的敌意测试中得分高的人往往更容易患心脏病和代谢疾病，而且往往在更年轻的时候死亡。A. mature成熟的；B. younger更年轻的；C. incredible难以置信的；D. current当前的。根据上文“People who score high on measures of cynical hostility tend to get more heart disease”可知，那些愤世嫉俗的敌意得分高的人往往更容易患心脏病、代谢疾病，并且通常会在“更年轻的”年龄去世。younger 表示“更年轻的”，与前文提到的他们身体状况更差相呼应，说明这种思维模式对健康的负面影响。故选B项。 11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这意味着：衰老是一个动态过程，可以加速或减缓，在某些方面甚至可以逆转。A. permanent永久的； B. fundamental基本的；C. dynamic动态的；D. positive积极的。根据下文“could possibly be accelerated or slowed — and, in some aspects, even reversed”可知，衰老是一个“动态的”过程，可以被加速、减缓，在某些方面甚至可以逆转。故选C项。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在某种程度上，端粒不只是执行你的遗传密码发出的命令，这让我们和科学界的其他人感到惊讶。A. surprised使惊讶；B. reminded提醒；C. upset使心烦；D. trained训练。根据下文“the rest of the scientific community that telomeres do not simply carry out the commands issued by your genetic code”可知，端粒并不只是简单地执行基因密码发出的指令，这在一定程度上让科学家们感到“惊讶”。故选A项。 13．考查动词短语辨析。句意：你的端粒在听从你的声音。A. stirring up激起；B. listening to听从、听取；C. breaking down分解；D. turning into转变成。根据上下文语境可知，这里说端粒会“听从”你的一些生活因素的影响。listen to 有“听从、听取”的意思，形象地表达了端粒会受到生活方式等因素的影响。故选B项。 14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你吃的食物、你对挑战的反应、你的运动量，以及许多其他因素似乎都会影响你的端粒，并能在细胞水平上防止过早衰老。A. original原始的；B. frequent频繁的；C. universal普遍的；D. premature过早的。根据上文“The foods you eat, your response to challenges, the amount of exercise you get, and many other factors appear to influence your telomeres”可知，很多因素可以影响端粒并防止细胞“过早”衰老。premature 表示“过早的”，premature aging 即“过早衰老”，是一个常见的表达。故选D项。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：享受健康的关键之一就是尽自己的一份力量来促进健康的细胞更新。A. renewal更新；B. recycle回收利用；C. rediscovery重新发现；D. reduction减少。  根据句意以及上文“One of the keys to enjoying good health is simply doing your part to foster healthy cell”可知，享受良好健康的关键之一就是尽自己的一份力量来促进健康的细胞“更新”。 故选A项。 20 / 20网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 第06讲 完形填空之六类解题锦囊秘诀 目 录 模拟·基础演练 1 重难·创新演练 7 真题·实战演练 13 模拟·基础演练 考查重点：考查语境暗示线索；考查词汇词义差异及词组辨析…… 考向 01 考查语义复现题（原词 / 同义 / 反义） 题例 1（原词复现・抽象名词） Amid the chaos of urban expansion, many communities strive to preserve their cultural heritage. This relentless pursuit of safeguarding local traditions ensures that such precious ______ is not eroded by globalization. A. innovation B. heritage C. revolution D. illusion 题例 2（同义复现・高阶形容词） The veteran scholar was modest and reluctant to flaunt his academic accomplishments. Even when awarded national honors, he remained ______ about his extraordinary achievements. A. arrogant B. humble C. pretentious D. ambitious 题例 3（反义复现・对比逻辑） Some individuals crave dynamic and bustling metropolises, while others yearn for ______ rural landscapes far removed from urban commotion. A. vibrant B. tranquil C. chaotic D. restless 考向 02 考查作者态度或感情色彩 题例 1（负面批判态度） The author views the blind pursuit of instant gratification in digital era with ______, arguing that it undermines long-term personal growth and rational thinking. A. approval B. contempt C. sympathy D. indifference 题例 2（正面赞赏态度） The selfless dedication of frontline workers deserves unanimous ______. The writer repeatedly emphasizes their irreplaceable contribution to societal stability. A. Condemnation B. admiration C. indifference D. resentment 题例 3（客观中立理性态度） Instead of making subjective judgments, the sociologist maintains a ______ stance and analyzes social phenomena based on empirical data and logical deduction. A. prejudiced B. impartial C. biased D. arbitrary 考向 03 考查前后逻辑关系（转折 / 因果 / 递进 / 对比） 题例 1（转折逻辑） The research team invested years in data collection and rigorous experiments; ______, their findings failed to gain widespread recognition in academic circles due to institutional bias. A. consequently B. nevertheless C. therefore D. accordingly 题例 2（因果逻辑） Prolonged exposure to extreme stress disrupts neurochemical balance in the brain; ______, individuals may suffer from chronic anxiety and cognitive impairment. A. however B. hence C. conversely D. meanwhile 题例 3（递进逻辑） Classical reading enriches linguistic competence and cultivates critical thinking; ______, it fosters empathy and deepens our understanding of human nature. A. however B. furthermore C. otherwise D. nevertheless 考向 04 考查语境暗示线索（数据 / 场景 / 行为客观暗示） 题例 1（场景暗示：古籍藏书馆） When the closing bell echoed through the repository, all scholars ceased their discussion and gently returned the rare ______ to their designated shelves to preserve historical archives. A. utensils B. manuscripts C. commodities D. apparatus 题例 2（行为暗示：急诊急救场景） The paramedic applied cold compresses to the patient’s temple, monitored vital signs continuously, and administered oxygen; evidently, the patient was suffering from a severe ______. A. fracture B. dehydration C. concussion D. hemorrhage 题例 3（数据暗示：经济增长） The enterprise’s annual revenue surged from 2 million to 20 million within a year, representing a ______ growth that exceeded all industry forecasts. A. steady B. tenfold C. half D. minimal 考向 05 考查词汇词义差异及词组辨析 题例 1（动词词义辨析，学术文稿场景） The editor urged students to ______ their dissertations meticulously to eliminate logical flaws and lexical errors before submission. A. Formulate B. revise C. imitate D. penetrate 题例 2（抽象名词辨析，因果区分） Inadequate sleep and irregular routines are regarded as major ______ of cognitive decline and diminished academic performance among adolescents. A. consequences B. catalysts C. symptoms D. illusions 题例 3（高阶动词短语辨析） Only those who can ______ adversities and persist in their aspirations will achieve extraordinary accomplishments in the long run. A. come by B. pull through C. turn down D. break down 考向 06 考查长难句结构分析及固定搭配 题例 1（多层定语从句嵌套） Those who persist in exploring the essence of human nature amid the intricate complexities of modern society often attain a rare ______ that transcends superficial judgments and emotional biases. A. Insight B. prejudice C. routine D. restriction 题例 2（让步状语从句嵌套） Even when surrounded by widespread skepticism and harsh criticism, a far-sighted creator will still ______ his original vision and refuse to compromise on core fundamental values. A. abandon B. uphold C. modify D. surrender 题例 3（并列分词长难句，选项均为形容词） A mature logical thinker tends to hold a ______ attitude toward highly controversial social issues, weighing multiple conflicting perspectives before drawing any definite conclusion. A. reckless B. cautious C. radical D. impulsive 重难·创新演练 设题创新:自然生态与人文守护; 终身阅读与自我成长 Passage 1 【原创试题·自然生态与人文守护】Human beings have long regarded wilderness as a resource to exploit rather than a treasure to preserve. This outdated mindset has brought irreversible damage to native ecosystems. Only a shift in collective awareness can reverse this destructive trend and restore ecological __1. Many wildlife reserves are built to shield endangered species from hunting and habitat loss. Yet insufficient funding and weak supervision make such protective measures merely __2. The local rangers patrol forests day and night to block illegal logging; their persistent __3 serves as the last barrier for vulnerable wild creatures. Some city dwellers hold a biased opinion that wild land is useless and unproductive. Such narrow __4 blinds them to the vital ecological services provided by intact nature. Wetlands purify water and moderate extreme temperatures; __5, they offer exclusive shelters for rare migratory birds. Industrial expansion constantly squeezes living space of wild animals. Factories discharge toxic wastewater into rivers; __6, countless aquatic species face gradual extinction. A recent official survey shows that local bird populations have dropped by 68 percent in ten years, a __7 decline that alarms environmental researchers. The essay severely criticizes unlimited industrial exploitation and advocates balanced coexistence between humans and nature. The writer holds a firmly __8 attitude toward ecological protection and disapproves of profit-oriented land development. The whole passage aims to inspire citizens to __9 environmental responsibility instead of ignoring ecological crises. When carrying out ecological restoration projects, workers must reject quick, superficial solutions and stick to __10 long-term plans. Those who merely pursue short-term economic gains will __11 the subtle balance of natural cycles. The complex ecosystem, which consists of intertwined plants, animals and microorganisms, relies on delicate mutual restraints to maintain stability. If one vital link collapses, the whole system will lose its __12 operation. To __13 the worsening ecological damage, governments should combine strict legislation with widespread public education. Many volunteers devote spare time to tree planting and wildlife observation; their joint __14 gradually slows the pace of environmental degradation. True environmental protection never relies on empty slogans but consistent practical actions. Lasting ecological recovery originates from shared inner __15_ of all mankind. 1 A. balance B. chaos C. conflict D. shortage 2 A. effective B. temporary C. powerful D. permanent 3 A. resistance B. ignorance C. effort D. complaint 4 A. vision B. judgment C. defense D. evidence 5 A. otherwise B. therefore C. furthermore D. nevertheless 6 A. in turn B. in short C. in vain D. in stock 7 A. mild B. steady C. slight D. sharp 8 A. neutral B. negative C. supportive D. indifferent 9 A. escape B. shoulder C. abandon D. delay 10 A. hasty B. strategic C. random D. shallow 11 A. destroy B. protect C. adjust D. restore 12 A. abnormal B. stable C. flexible D. limited 13 A. speed up B. let out C. hold back D. bring about 14 A. separation B. cooperation C. competition D. hesitation 15___ A. indifference B. prejudice C. awareness D. confusion Passage 2 【原创试题·终身阅读与自我成长】Nowadays, short-video platforms dominate people’s spare time, pushing deep reading into a neglected corner. Many youngsters regard thick books as boring burdens and __1_ short fragmented reading as the only accessible way to gain information. This reading habit gap gradually widens the distance between readers and profound thoughts. Brief online articles only deliver instant entertainment, while classic works carry lasting spiritual nourishment. __2 casual scrolling brings temporary joy, thoughtful reading shapes lasting inner temperament. Few people realize that fragmented reading cannot __3 the complete logical thinking built through systematic book reading. A large number of students abandon long-form reading for quick online content. Such __4 choice makes their minds shallow and unable to analyze complex social issues objectively. Libraries across the city set up quiet reading zones to draw readers back to paper books; their consistent __5 gradually awakens citizens’ passion for deep reading. Most netizens tend to accept online viewpoints without independent thinking. This passive __6 prevents them from forming unique personal judgment. Reading classics acts as a powerful tool to polish one’s mind and cultivate rational mindsets; __7, it helps people resist the misleading one-sided opinions online. A recent education survey shows that senior high students’ weekly long reading time has fallen by 72 percent within five years, a __8_ drop that alarms educators and literary researchers. The passage sharply criticizes superficial fragmented reading and advocates lifelong deep reading. The writer holds a firmly __9 attitude toward classic reading and opposes over-reliance on brief online texts. The whole article aims to inspire teenagers to __10 reading duties and rebuild steady reading habits. When carrying out school reading programs, teachers must reject quick reading tasks and stick to __11 long-term reading plans. Those who only chase fast reading quantities will __12 the complete logic and emotional value hidden in literary works. The complex ideological system inside masterpieces, which combines history, philosophy and human emotion, relies on continuous concentrated reading to be fully understood. If readers skim hastily, they will lose access to the works’ __13_ spiritual charm. To __14 the decline of deep reading among young generations, schools and families should combine reading guidance with daily reading practice. Numerous book lovers organize offline reading salons and share reading insights; their joint __15 slowly brings deep reading back into young people’s daily lives. 1 A. dismiss B. praise C. ignore D. condemn 2 A. Since B. While C. If D. Unless 3 A. replace B. strengthen C. support D. display 4 A. wise B. rational C. hasty D. cautious 5 A. resistance B. effort C. complaint D. hesitation 6 A. creation B. reflection C. acceptance D. resistance 7 A. furthermore B. otherwise C. therefore D. nevertheless 8 A. mild B. slight C. steady D. sharp 9 A. neutral B. supportive C. indifferent D. negative 10 A. escape B. delay C. shoulder D. abandon 11 A. strategic B. random C. shallow D. hasty 12 A. discover B. grasp C. protect D. miss 13 A. abnormal B. stable C. unique D. limited 14 A. speed up B. hold back C. bring about D. let out 15. A. cooperation B. competition C. separation D. confusion 名校真题·实战演练 高频考点：考查词汇词义差异及词组辨析；长难句结构分析等 Passage 1 【来源】上海复旦大学附属中学2026届高三下三月第二次阶段检测 Lately, it’s been hard for Jack Innenan, a 22-year-old TikTok star from Toronto, to create content. “I feel like I’m 1 a keg (酒桶) that’s been empty for a year,” he said. Spending hours shooting, editing, storyboarding, 2 with fans, setting up brand deals and balancing the many other responsibilities that come with being a successful content creator have taken a toll. Mr. Innenan, like so many Gen Z influencers who 3 fame in the last year, is burned out. “I get to the point where I’m like, ‘I have to make a video today,’ and I spend the entire day 4 the process,” he said. He’s hardly the only one. Throughout 2020, social media 5 a new generation of young stars. Now, many of them say they have reached a 6 point. Burnout has affected generations of social media creators. In 2017, Instagram influencers began leaving the platform, saying they were feeling depressed and discouraged. In 2018, many large YouTube creators began stepping away from the platform, 7 mental health issues. But problems with burnout in the creator community are endemic. “If you slow down, you might disappear,” the YouTuber Olga Kay told Fast Company in 2014. When a fresh crop of young stars seeking fame and fortune began building audiences on TikTok in late 2019 and early 2020, many were 8 that this time would be different. Still, they weren’t prepared for the draining work of building, maintaining and 9 an audience. 10 , they have encountered all kinds of problems, including bullying harassment and discrimination. “Some creators get their content 11 too, so someone else will go viral off their content and get all the 12 ,” Mr. Harris said. To cope with depression, many TikTok creators have sought therapy and life coaching, or tried to be more 13 with their fans and friends about their struggles. A TikTok spokesperson wrote in an email statement, “We’re focused on understanding their individual content goals and experiences, and our teams continue to work to provide resources, support, and an open door for feedback.” But even the most 14 platforms can’t eliminate the hazards inherent in a creator’s job, or the pressure many creators put on themselves. “It feels like I personally am failing and may never recover if a 15 flops,” a TikTok creator said. 1．A．filling B．kicking C．rolling D．tapping 2．A．engaging B．identifying C．idling D．reacting 3．A．found B．lost C．rejected D．sought 4．A．anticipating B．conceiving C．dreading D．savoring 5．A．advertised B．approved C．minted D．replaced 6．A．boiling B．breaking C．bursting D．turning 7．A．citing B．concealing C．leaving D．treating 8．A．afraid B．assured C．hopeful D．suspicious 9．A．educating B．monetizing C．quarantining D．tricking 10．A．Above all B．Even worse C．As a result D．On the other hand 11．A．canceled B．followed C．robbed D．stolen 12．A．depression B．heat C．press D．tension 13．A．emotional B．friendly C．open D．optimistic 14．A．helpful B．innovative C．popular D．profitable 15．A．brand B．commercial C．platform D．video Passage 2 【2025届上海市复兴高级中学高三下学期三模英语试题】 How can one person enjoy good health, while another person looks old before her time? Humans have been asking this question for thousands of years, and recently, it’s becoming clearer and clearer to scientists that the differences between people’s rates of aging lie in the complex 1 among genes, social relationships, environments and lifestyles. Even though you were born with a particular set of genes, the way you live can 2 how they express themselves. Some lifestyle factors may even turn genes on or 3 them. Deep within the genetic heart of all our cells are telomeres, or repeating segments of non-coding DNA that live at the ends of the chromosomes (染色体).They form caps at the ends of the chromosomes and keep the genetic material together. Shortening with each cell division, they help determine how 4 a cell ages. When they become too short, the cell stops 5 altogether. This isn’t the only reason a cell can age — there are other stresses on cells we don’t yet understand very well — but short telomeres are one of the 6 reasons human cells grow old. We’ve devoted most of our careers to studying telomeres, and one extraordinary discovery from our labs is that telomeres can actually 7 . Scientists have learned that several thought patterns appear to be 8 for telomeres and one of them is cynical hostility. Cynical hostility is defined by high anger and frequent thoughts that other people cannot be trusted. Someone with hostility doesn’t just think, “I hate to stand in long lines”; they think, “Others 9 sped up and beat me to my rightful position in the line!” — and then get violently agitated. People who score high on measures of cynical hostility tend to get more heart disease, metabolic disease and often die at 10 ages. They also have shorter telomeres. In a study of British civil servants, men who scored high on measures of cynical hostility had shorter telomeres than men whose hostility scores were low. The most hostile men were 30% more likely to have short telomeres. What this means: aging is a 11 process that could possibly be accelerated or slowed, and in some aspects, even reversed. To an extent, it has 12 us and the rest of the scientific community that telomeres do not simply carry out the commands issued by your genetic code. Your telomeres are 13 you. The foods you eat, your response to challenges, the amount of exercise you get, and many other factors appear to influence your telomeres and can prevent 14 aging at the cellular level. One of the keys to enjoying good health is simply doing your part to foster healthy cell 15 . 1．A．quality B．interaction C．breakthrough D．challenge 2．A．influence B．exchange C．integrate D．evolve 3．A．set out B．put up C．shut off D．act as 4．A．natural B．potential C．unique D．fast 5．A．dividing B．recycling C．creating D．processing 6．A．efficient B．productive C．major D．subsequent 7．A．deepen B．lengthen C．widen D．improve 8．A．primitive B．resistant C．original D．unhealthy 9．A．deliberately B．accidentally C．literally D．exceptionally 10．A．mature B．younger C．incredible D．current 11．A．permanent B．fundamental C．dynamic D．positive 12．A．surprised B．reminded C．upset D．trained 13．A．stirring up B．listening to C．breaking down D．turning into 14．A．original B．frequent C．universal D．premature 15．A．renewal B．recycle C．rediscovery D．reduction 20 / 20网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $