专题04 选词填空之熟词生义及构词法（专项训练）（上海专用）2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

**基本信息** 聚焦熟词生义与构词法，通过基础-重难-真题三级演练，系统提升语境中词汇多义多性的理解与运用能力，强化语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |模拟·基础演练|4组原创题|考查熟词僻义（如sound/ground）、一词多性（如run/bear）|从基础词汇生僻义切入，构建"词义拓展-词性转换"认知链条| |重难·创新演练|3篇新情境题（机会成本/科技与报业/AI旅行）|结合跨学科语境考查词汇灵活运用|通过真实议题深化"语境决定词义"逻辑，衔接构词法（如bio-inspired）| |真题·实战演练|3篇名校试题|高频考点复现，贴近高考命题趋势|整合熟词生义与构词法，形成"识别-推断-应用"完整解题路径|

第04讲 选词填空之熟词生义及构词法 目 录 模拟·基础演练 1 重难·创新演练 7 真题·实战演练 13 模拟·基础演练 考查重点：考查熟词生义/熟词僻义，一词多义/一词多性/构词法知识…… 考向01 考查熟词生义/熟词僻义 01：Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. 【来源】原创试题 A. sound B. fair C. ground D. shape E. reflect The Psychology of Justice When people perceive a situation as unjust, their reaction is often emotional rather than logical. However, a 1 ______argument relies on evidence, not just sentiment. To build a case for change, activists must 2 _____their claims in solid facts, ensuring their stance is unshakeable. It is also important to consider how media narratives 3 ______public opinion. We should not blindly accept information that confirms our biases. Instead, we must take a moment to 4 _______on whether our definition of what is "5_________" is truly equitable or merely convenient for our own interests. 02：Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. 【来源】原创试题 A. fine B. minute C. render D. subject E. appeal The Art of Restoration Restoring an old masterpiece requires a 1 ______ eye. Conservators must detect 2 ______details that are invisible to the naked eye, such as tiny cracks in the varnish. Their goal is to 3 ______the painting to its original glory without altering the artist’s intent. However, this process is not without controversy. The 4 ______ of what constitutes "original" is often debated. Does cleaning remove historical patina? Despite these challenges, the visual 5 ______of a restored work can inspire a new generation of art lovers. 03：Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. 【来源】原创试题 A. run: B. interest C. capital D. bear E. current Understanding Economic Flows In economics, liquidity is king. A business may have valuable assets, but if it cannot meet its 1 ______ obligations, it will fail. This is why cash flow is often described as the lifeblood of a company. Managers must carefully monitor how quickly they 2 ______ through their cash reserves. Moreover, investors are driven by 3 ______. When rates rise, the cost of borrowing increases, which can 4 ______heavily on small enterprises. They must decide whether to inject more 5 ______ into the business or cut costs to survive the downturn. 04：Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. 【来源】原创试题 Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. address　　B. spring　　C. ground　　D. minute　　E. frame　　F. cover Community Gardens Bloom in Cities As urban populations continue to grow, many cities struggle to 1 ______ the problem of limited green space. Community gardens have 2 ______ up across neighborhoods, transforming abandoned lots into vibrant spaces where residents grow vegetables and flowers. These gardens do more than add beauty to the urban landscape. They provide common 3 ______ for neighbors to interact and build social bonds, which is especially valuable in densely populated areas. While some critics argue that the environmental benefits are 4 ______and not worth the city's investment, supporters 5 ______ the issue differently, emphasizing long-term gains in public health and community spirit. 考向02 一词多义/一词多性/构词法知识 01：【来源】原创试题 Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. draw　　B. bio-inspired　　C. stand　　D. self-cleaning　　E. serve　　F. hold Nature's Inventions Inspire Technology Scientists and engineers often 1 ______ inspiration from nature to solve technical problems. Living organisms have evolved over millions of years to survive and thrive, offering endless ideas for human innovation. This 2 ______ approach has led to many breakthroughs: Velcro was invented after observing how burrs stick to fur; swimsuits are modeled after sharkskin to reduce drag. Buildings designed like termite mounds can 3 ______ up well in extreme heat without air conditioning. Materials that mimic lotus leaves have 4 ______ properties, repelling dirt and water effortlessly. The natural world continues to 5 ______ as a rich source of ideas, reminding us that nature is often the best inventor. 02：【来源】原创试题 Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. slip　　B. spot　　C. hit　　D. bear　　E. ease　　F. pass The Science of Memory Have you ever walked into a room and forgotten why you went there? As years 1 by, small memory lapses become more common, even for young adults. We may 2 a familiar face on the street but struggle to recall the name attached to it. Sometimes an answer will suddenly 3 you after you've stopped thinking about the problem — a phenomenon known as "incubation." Our brains continue to work on challenges even when we're not aware of it. Students find that information is easier to remember when it 4 personal relevance. While age-related memory decline is inevitable, research suggests we can 5 it through mental exercises, adequate sleep, and healthy lifestyles. 03：【来源】原创试题 Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. throw　　B. wear　　C. table　　D. run　　E. stretch　　F. pick The Remote Work Debate The sudden shift to remote work has 1 many companies into uncharted territory. Employees celebrate the flexibility and time saved from commuting, but managers worry that team cohesion may 2 thin when colleagues rarely meet in person. Project timelines often get delayed as key decisions get 3 due to lack of spontaneous hallway discussions. It becomes harder to resolve small issues before they grow into bigger problems. Yet research shows that productivity doesn't 4 on office presence alone. This debate is expected to 5 on for years as businesses experiment with hybrid models and find their new balance. 04：【来源】原创试题 Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. strike　　B. move　　C. lift　　D. taste　　E. charge　　F. run How Music Shapes Our Moods Music has a powerful effect on human emotions. A sad song can 1 us to tears, while an upbeat melody can 2 our spirits on a gloomy day. The right piece of music can change how we feel in a matter of seconds. What 3 people about classical music may not be the melody itself, but the complex emotions it conveys. Many people find that emotionally 4 music helps them process difficult feelings and find inner peace. Whether your musical 5 leans toward pop, jazz or classical, there's no denying music's unique ability to touch the soul and shape our experience of the world. 重难·创新演练 设题创新:“机会成本”对消费决策的影响;科技巨头是否应拯救报业;人工智能辅助旅行规划； Passage 1 【新情境·“机会成本”对消费决策的影响】 【来源】2025届上海市格致中学高三下学期5月三模英语试卷 Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．consider  B．fixed-priced  C． higher-end  D．indecision  E. logic  F. minor G. practical  H. purchase  I. revealing  J. sacrifice  K. value The Power of Opportunity Costs While shopping for my first stereo (立体声音响), I spent an hour debating between a $1,000 Pioneer and a $700 Sony. Perhaps fearing that my 1 would cost him a sale, the salesman said, “Well, think of it this way — would you rather have the Pioneer, or the Sony and $300 worth of CDs?” The Sony — and it wasn’t even close. Twenty new CDs were too great a(n) 2 for the slightly more attractive Pioneer. Although I knew the price difference, I hadn’t thought of it in terms of what else the money could buy until the salesman framed it that way. If one assumes, as an economics textbook might, that consumers routinely calculate opportunity costs, this story is 3 . All decisions involve opportunity costs, but how consumers 4 them has received little attention from decision theorists and even less from marketers. Promotional messages often highlight product advantages or price differences, but spelling out what those differences mean in 5 terms may be more persuasive. A $300 difference can seem significant or not, depending on what else it could be spent on. Generally, firms selling cheaper products should highlight the opportunity costs of trading up, while those selling 6 products may want to avoid the topic. But the idea must be used carefully. The same 7 that leads someone to choose silver over gold could also lead them to choose bronze (铜) over silver. It’s also important that the lost opportunities are framed around things buyers actually 8 . One campaign once framed the cost of a large government program in terms of snack cakes per person per day — a(n) comparison so 9 that it weakened the argument. On the other hand, a De Beers ad cleverly showed a pair of diamond earrings with the line “Redo the kitchen next year,” suggesting that buying the earrings would only mean putting off home renovations (装修) for a little while. In reality, the earrings might cost as much as the entire kitchen redo, but the framing made the 10 seem reasonable. Passage 2 【新情境·科技巨头是否应拯救报业】 【来源】2025届上海市晋元高级中学高三下学期三模英语试题 Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．adaptation    B．address    C． applied    D．claims    E. compete    F. dominating G. public-interest    H. reemerging    I. responded    J. survival    K. transformed Big Tech Shouldn’t Rescue the Newspaper Industry In the early 17th century, London’s St Paul’s Cathedral was a hub for news and gossip, where entrepreneurs sold handwritten “letters of news” to wealthy subscribers. Today, a similar subscription model is 11 in the newspaper industry, marking the end of an era when newspapers relied on mass markets and advertising for profits. For decades, newspapers sold their content below production costs to attract readers for advertisers. The old saying—“If you’re not paying, you are the product”— 12 as much to newspapers as it does to modern tech platforms. However, the internet has 13 this business model. Over the past two decades, newspaper ad revenues in America have dropped by 80%, and circulation has halved. Digital advertising hasn’t made up for these losses, with giants like Google and Facebook 14 the market. In the UK, for instance, Google controls over 90% of search ad revenue, while Facebook 15 half of all display ad revenue. Faced with these challenges, newspapers are turning to governments for help, arguing that their 16 is vital for democracy. Recent efforts in countries like Australia and France aim to force Google and Facebook to pay for news content, while in the U.S., Congress has considered allowing newspapers to negotiate collectively with tech platforms. Google and Facebook have 17 with financial support. Google promised $1 billion over three years to pay publishers for selected content, and Facebook agreed to usage fees with some publishers. Yet, these payments are minimal compared to the earnings of tech giants and hardly 18 the deeper economic challenges of the newspaper industry. The real issue isn’t tech giants exploiting newspapers but newspapers losing control of content distribution. Unlike video and music industries, newspapers have struggled to adapt. Nonetheless, some have found success through subscriptions. The NewYorkTimes, for example, now boasts over 6.5 million subscribers, showing resilience through digital 19 . The future of 20 journalism should rest on sustainable business models, not on government funding or tech donations. Newspapers must innovate to create content readers value and are willing to pay for — just as they did centuries ago. Passage 3 【新情境·人工智能辅助旅行规划】 【来源】2025届上海市浦东新区高三下学期三模英语试题 Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．accurately  B．craft  C． double-check  D．functions  E. laborious F. narrow G. pools  H. progressively  I. shares  J. tips  K. unlock Ask the right way With the introduction of accessible new AI systems like ChatGPT, travel will never be the same. AI has simplified planning and made it easier to discover new experience. Instead of a march through 21 research, users get similar results with a quick conversation with AI. AI is great for some travel 22 , like generating ideas, highlighting small businesses, and translating languages, but there are tricks to use it well, especially when it comes to traveling. Here’s how to best use AI for travel. Once you have chosen your destinations, 23 your search. AI is skilled at responding to specific interests, whether you’re looking for the best restaurant in an area or designing a five-day travel plan of off-the-beaten-path museums. AI is also useful in finding responses to prompts (提示) like “less crowded” or “underrated.” It is because unlike platforms such as TripAdvisor, the system 24 knowledge from all corners of the web, interprets results to fit your inquires best and then delivers the information in a conversational way. To 25 a good prompt, it’s crucial to ask questions in your native language. AI models can speak and understand many languages, and your grammar matters. The more precise your punctuation (标点) , spelling, and grammar, the more 26 AI will be able to understand you. Finally, always 27 AI’s answers against other sources as cross-referencing its suggestions with trusted platforms adds an extra layer of confidence to your planning. By mastering these 28 you can tap into this powerful generative engine to ensure a safer, better-informed and more satisfying travel experience. Every day, AI is rapidly evolving as more start-ups and companies figure out the best ways to 29 its potential to deliver information using natural language. As the system 30 gets more access to the web, learns what users want, and becomes more “intelligent, ” it will continue to shift travel in unexpected and groundbreaking ways. The future of travel is here. 名校真题·实战演练 高频考点：一词多义/一词多性/构词法知识；熟词僻义等 Passage 1 【来源】上海市位育中学2025-2026学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题 Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．anchoring    B．chorus    C． cooperative    D．documenting    E. enhance    F. essentially G. host    H. randomly    I. recognizable    J. shoots    K. vocabulary Distant Diplomacy When danger approaches, many creatures seem to follow the ancient proverb that “the enemy of my enemy is my friend.” Researchers have recently been finding subtle ways that animals communicate with other species in this kind of 1 defense treaty. For example, Nature Ecology & Evolution carries a recent study 2 more than 20 bird species on four continents that emit virtually identical “whining (哀鸣)” calls when they spot brood parasites (寄生繁殖) such as cuckoos. “That call is 3 the word for ‘cuckoo,’” says study co-lead author James Kennerley at Cornell University. “And it’s recruiting individuals to come together against this common enemy.” Brood parasites lay eggs in other birds’ nests, manipulating the 4 parents into raising their chicks for them. At a field site in Australia, Kennerley has witnessed individuals from a dozen or more species attack a cuckoo in response to whining calls in 5 . These mobs can be so aggressive that Kennerley needs to cage the specimen used in their experiments to protect it. Otherwise the attacking birds would have “just completely torn it to pieces,” Kennerley says. Many birds also share a common 6 for predators. Research by wildlife ecologist Erick Greene shows that various songbirds produce 7 “seet” calls to warn of a raptor (猛禽) in flight. The calls are too high-pitched for raptors to hear well, so the predators remain unaware as information about their arrival 8 through the forest. If the raptor settles, songbirds switch to “mobbing” calls, a distinct sound that, as Greene puts it, “draws in the troops to drive that raptor off.” Defense is not the only reason for cross-species communication. Among other things, it may help birds migrate and 9 food intake. A recent study found that when seabirds with good vision search for food with seabirds with strong senses of smell, they both have far greater success at catching krill. Unlike with the seet and whining calls, however, it’s unclear whether they’re deliberately signaling to one another or “just 10 following other birds,” says study lead author Jesse Granger, a biophysicist at Duke University. But clearly, “very complex multispecies communication networks are pervasive,” Greene says. “It really benefits animals to pay attention to one another.” Passage 2 【来源】上海市徐汇区上海南洋中学2025-2026学年高三年级英语学科9月学习能力诊断测试题 Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A．abandonment  B．initiated   C． categorizing  D．revealed  E. investigating  F. boost G. share   H. overlooking     I.bargain       J. heavily    K. admittedly Shoppers hoping to bag a 11 in the post-Christmas sales are much less likely to go through with their purchases if they are using phones and tablets to buy goods online. This is because consumers often worry they are not seeing the full picture on a mobile app or that they could be missing out on special offers or 12 hidden costs, according to new research. Concerns about privacy and security can also motivate people to put items into their shopping baskets but then quit without paying. Although mobile apps are 13 becoming among the most popular ways to shop online, the phenomenon of shopping cart 14 is much higher than for desktop-based online shopping. According to Market Research firm Criteo, the 15 of e-commerce purchases from mobile devices increased to 46% of global e-commerce trade in the second quarter of 2016, however, only 27% of purchases 16 on this channel were finalized, significantly lagging behind desktop initiated purchases. Researchers at the University of East Anglia(UEA) 17 why this is so say it represents a huge challenge for online retailers, who are investing 18 in mobile shopping, but not receiving the rewards in successful sales. “Our study results 19 a paradox (悖论),” said Dr Nikolaos Korfiatis of Norwich Business School at UEA．“Mobile shopping is supposed to make the process easier, and yet concerns about making the right choice, or about whether the site is secure enough leads to an emotional ambivalence (矛盾情绪) about the transaction and that means customers are much more likely to simply abandon their shopping carts without completing a purchase.” Strategies that might 20 a shopper to complete a purchase include adding special offers, or coupons for a nearby store at the checkout stage. “Retailers need to invest in technology, but they need to do it in the right way, so the investment pays off,” added Dr Korfiatis. Passage 3 【上海华东师范大学松江实验高级中学2025学年第二学期高三年级3月阶段评估卷】 Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A．anchor    B．comparing    C． calorie    D．charge   E. operator   F. calculate G. insufficient    H. live     I. plug     J. specializing    K. tailor-made Carbon labelling isn’t new, but it is gaining a lot more traction of late - especially when it comes to travel. Carbon labels should be an easy way of 21 products or services to see which are most sustainable at a glance, by providing a comprehensive, numbered footprint. Increasing numbers of businesses across a variety of sectors are getting onboard with the idea. For example, in the last month alone, exercise tracking app Strava announced a new tool to 22 carbon savings from going for runs, walks, cycles and e-bike rides. But perhaps one of the industries in which the concept could be most complicated is travel. It is one of the most carbon-intensive recreational activities any of us will ever take, and one for which the majority of us have 23 ideas of the impact. If you break it all down,which is really worse: an all-inclusive cruise round the Bahamas? Or a trip to an eco-lodge in Costa Rica that involves a 24-hour round-trip on a plane? As an ordinary individual, it feels like an impossible task to figure out if one holiday is “better”than another. Many a pioneering 24 started doing the hard work of measuring the impact of trips, down to the smallest element, and posting the results on their packages several years ago. Much Better Adventures led the 25 , trailing the idea at the beginning of 2021- the first international travel company to do so. “Do I think it will be everywhere? I do,” Sam Bruce, the business’s co-founder, told me at the time. “It should go beyond travel and they should be on all products that we buy; carbon labels should be the new 26 . In Much Better Adventures’ case, the label includes carbon emissions from all local transport, accommodation, activities, guides, staff and office operations. Pura Aventura, 27 in holidays to Latin America, Spain and Portugal, wasn’t far behind, though with a different slant.” The complexity we have is that all our trips are 28 -so we can’t say we’ve got 50 trips and let’s measure the carbon of each one,“said co-founder and CEO Thomas Power.” Every trip is different. You need a 29 tool — so we built it into our database.“ The company doesn’t just measure the trip itself, but includes the travel to get there, door-to-door: ”We want to know where you live, where the airport is, which flight you’re taking,“says Thomas.”We can 30 into the database your postcode, Gatwick airport, your short-haul flight-and then the carbon factor calculates the journey and the amount of carbon produced. 20 / 20网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 第04讲 选词填空之熟词生义及构词法 参考答案 模拟·基础演练 考向01 考查熟词生义/熟词僻义 01 【答案】1.A 2. C 3. D 4. E 5. B 02 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. E 03 【答案】E 2. A 3. B 4. D 5. C 04 【答案】 1．A　　2．B　　3．C　　4．D　　5．E 考向02 一词多义/一词多性/构词法知识 01 【答案】 1．A　　2．B　　3．C　　4．D　　5．E 02 【答案】 1．A　　2．B　　3．C　　4．D　　5．E 03 【答案】 1．A　　2．B　　3．C　　4．D　　5．E 04 【答案】 1．B　　2．C　　3．A　　4．E　　5．D 重难·创新演练 Passage 1 1．D 2．J 3．I 4．A 5．G 6．C 7．E 8．K 9．F 10．H Passage 2 11．H 12．C 13．K 14．F 15．D 16．J 17．I 18．B 19．A 20．G Passage 3 21．E 22．D 23．F 24．G 25．B 26．A 27．C 28．J 29．K 30．H 名校真题·实战演练 Passage 1 1．C 2．D 3．F 4．G 5．B 6．K 7．I 8．J 9．E 10．H Passage 2 11．I 12．H 13．K 14．A 15．G 16．B 17．E 18．J 19．D 20．F Passage 3 21．B 22．F 23．G 24．E 25．D 26．C 27．J 28．K 29．H 30．I 20 / 20网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 第04讲 选词填空之熟词生义及构词法 目 录 模拟·基础演练 1 重难·创新演练 7 真题·实战演练 13 模拟·基础演练 考查重点：考查熟词生义/熟词僻义，一词多义/一词多性/构词法知识…… 考向01 考查熟词生义/熟词僻义 01：Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. 【来源】原创试题 A. sound B. fair C. ground D. shape E. reflect The Psychology of Justice When people perceive a situation as unjust, their reaction is often emotional rather than logical. However, a 1 ______argument relies on evidence, not just sentiment. To build a case for change, activists must 2 _____their claims in solid facts, ensuring their stance is unshakeable. It is also important to consider how media narratives 3 ______public opinion. We should not blindly accept information that confirms our biases. Instead, we must take a moment to 4 _______on whether our definition of what is "5_________" is truly equitable or merely convenient for our own interests. 【答案】1.A 2. C 3. D 4. E 5. B 【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章讨论了正义心理学，指出合理的论证应基于证据而非情绪。活动家需将主张建立在事实基础上，同时警惕媒体对公众舆论的塑造，并反思我们对“公平”的定义是否真正公正。 【解析】 1.考查形容词熟词生义。 句意：然而，一个可靠的/健全的论证依赖于证据。Sound 常见意为“声音”，作形容词时意为“健康的、完好的、可靠的、有理有据的”（a sound argument/base）。故选 A。 2.考查动词熟词生义/搭配。 句意：活动家必须将他们的主张建立/基于在坚实的事实之上。Ground 常见意为“地面”，作动词时意为“使基于……、给……提供基础”（be grounded in）。故选 C。 3.考查动词熟词生义。 句意：考虑媒体叙事如何塑造公众舆论也很重要。Shape 常见意为“形状”，作动词时意为“塑造、影响……的发展”。故选 D。 4.考查动词短语/熟词生义。 句意：相反，我们必须花点时间反思/思考。Reflect 常见意为“反射”，此处搭配 on，意为“深思、反省”。故选 E。 5.考查形容词熟词生义/语境。 句意：反思我们对什么是“公平的”的定义。Fair 常见意为“美丽的”或“集市”，此处取核心义“公平的、公正的”，与前文 unjust 和 equitable 呼应。故选 B。 02：Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. 【来源】原创试题 A. fine B. minute C. render D. subject E. appeal The Art of Restoration Restoring an old masterpiece requires a 1 ______ eye. Conservators must detect 2 ______details that are invisible to the naked eye, such as tiny cracks in the varnish. Their goal is to 3 ______the painting to its original glory without altering the artist’s intent. However, this process is not without controversy. The 4 ______ of what constitutes "original" is often debated. Does cleaning remove historical patina? Despite these challenges, the visual 5 ______of a restored work can inspire a new generation of art lovers. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. E 【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了艺术品修复的工作，指出修复师需要具备敏锐的眼光来发现细微的细节，并将画作恢复至原貌。同时，关于“原作”定义的争议依然存在，但修复后的视觉吸引力仍能激发人们对艺术的热爱。 【解析】 1. 考查形容词熟词生义。 句意：修复古老杰作需要一双敏锐的/精细的眼睛。Fine 常见意为“好的”或“罚款”，此处意为“精细的、敏锐的、高质量的”（a fine distinction/eye）。故选 A。 2. 考查形容词熟词生义。 句意：保护主义者必须发现那些肉眼看不见的微小的细节。Minute 常见读音为 /ˈmɪnɪt/（分钟），作形容词读 /maɪˈnjuːt/，意为“极小的、微不足道的”。故选 B。 3. 考查动词熟词生义。 句意：他们的目标是将画作还原/渲染至其原有的辉煌。Render 常见意为“给予”，在艺术语境中意为“描绘、表现、使成为”（render something + adj/noun）。故选 C。 4. 考查名词熟词生义。 句意：关于什么是“原作”的主题/议题经常引发争论。Subject 常见意为“科目”或“臣民”，此处意为“讨论的主题、话题”（the subject of debate）。故选 D。 5. 考查名词熟词生义。 句意：尽管有这些挑战，修复作品的视觉吸引力可以激发新一代艺术爱好者。Appeal 常见意为“呼吁”或“上诉”，此处意为“感染力、吸引力”（visual appeal）。故选 E。 03：Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. 【来源】原创试题 A. run: B. interest C. capital D. bear E. current Understanding Economic Flows In economics, liquidity is king. A business may have valuable assets, but if it cannot meet its 1 ______ obligations, it will fail. This is why cash flow is often described as the lifeblood of a company. Managers must carefully monitor how quickly they 2 ______ through their cash reserves. Moreover, investors are driven by 3 ______. When rates rise, the cost of borrowing increases, which can 4 ______heavily on small enterprises. They must decide whether to inject more 5 ______ into the business or cut costs to survive the downturn. 【答案】E 2. A 3. B 4. D 5. C 【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章解释了经济学中的流动性概念，指出现金流对企业生存的重要性。管理者需监控现金消耗速度，而投资者受利率驱动，利率上升会增加借贷成本，给小企业带来沉重负担，迫使它们做出资本投入或削减成本的决策。 【解析】 1. 考查形容词熟词生义。 句意：如果企业无法履行其当前的/流动的义务，它就会失败。Current 常见意为“现在的”，在财务语境中指“流动的、短期的”（current assets/liabilities）。故选 E。 2. 考查动词熟词生义。 句意：管理者必须仔细监控他们消耗/使用现金储备的速度。Run 常见意为“跑”，此处 run through 意为“迅速用完、挥霍、消耗”。故选 A。 3. 考查名词熟词生义。 句意：此外，投资者受利息/利益驱动。Interest 常见意为“兴趣”，在经济学语境中指“利息”或“利益”。结合后文 rates rise（利率上升），此处指对利息收益的追求或受利率机制影响。故选 B。 4. 考查动词熟词生义。 句意：这可能会给小企业带来沉重的负担/承受。Bear 常见意为“熊”或“忍受”，此处 bear on/upon 或 bear heavily 意为“对……产生压力/重负”。故选 D。 5. 考查名词熟词生义。 句意：他们必须决定是否向企业注入更多资本。Capital 常见意为“首都”或“大写字母”，此处指“资金、资本”。故选 C。 04：Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. 【来源】原创试题 Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. address　　B. spring　　C. ground　　D. minute　　E. frame　　F. cover Community Gardens Bloom in Cities As urban populations continue to grow, many cities struggle to 1 ______ the problem of limited green space. Community gardens have 2 ______ up across neighborhoods, transforming abandoned lots into vibrant spaces where residents grow vegetables and flowers. These gardens do more than add beauty to the urban landscape. They provide common 3 ______ for neighbors to interact and build social bonds, which is especially valuable in densely populated areas. While some critics argue that the environmental benefits are 4 ______and not worth the city's investment, supporters 5 ______ the issue differently, emphasizing long-term gains in public health and community spirit. 【答案】 1．A　　2．B　　3．C　　4．D　　5．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了城市社区菜园的兴起与价值。文章指出，面对城市绿地不足的问题，社区菜园在各地涌现，不仅美化环境，还为邻里互动提供了基础；尽管有批评者认为其环境效益微不足道，但支持者从不同角度看待这一问题，强调其在公共健康和社区精神方面的长远价值。 【解析】 1．考查动词（熟词生义）。句意：随着城市人口持续增长，许多城市都在努力解决绿地有限的问题。空处位于不定式符号 to 后，需填动词原形，且能与 problem 搭配。address 作名词意为 "地址"，作动词时为熟词生义，表示 "处理，解决"，address the problem 为常见搭配，符合语境。故选 A。 2．考查动词（熟词生义）。句意：社区菜园已在各个街区涌现，将废弃地块变成了居民种植蔬菜和鲜花的活力空间。空处位于助动词 have 后，需填动词过去分词构成完成时，且能与 up 搭配。spring 作名词意为 "春天；弹簧"，作动词时为熟词生义，表示 "涌现，突然出现"，spring up 为固定短语，意为 "涌现，迅速出现"，此处用过去分词 sprung，符合语法和语境。故选 B。 3．考查名词（熟词生义）。句意：它们为邻里互动和建立社会纽带提供了共同基础。空处被形容词 common 修饰，需填名词，且能与 for 搭配。ground 作名词常见义为 "地面"，此处为熟词生义，表示 "理由，根据，基础"，common ground 意为 "共同点，共同基础"，符合社区菜园为居民提供互动平台的语境。故选 C。 4．考查形容词（熟词生义）。句意：虽然一些批评者认为环境效益是微小的，不值得城市投资…… 空处位于 are 后，需填形容词作表语。minute 作名词意为 "分钟"，作形容词时为熟词生义，发音为 /maɪˈnjuːt/，表示 "微小的，极小的"，符合批评者贬低菜园效益的语境。故选 D。 5．考查动词（熟词生义）。句意：…… 但支持者以不同的方式看待 / 构建这个问题，强调公共健康和社区精神方面的长期收益。空处位于主语 supporters 后，需填动词作谓语，且能与 the issue 搭配。frame 作名词意为 "框架，镜框"，作动词时为熟词生义，表示 "表述，构建，以… 方式表达"，frame the issue differently 意为 "以不同的角度看待这个问题"，符合语境。故选 E。 考向02 一词多义/一词多性/构词法知识 01：【来源】原创试题 Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. draw　　B. bio-inspired　　C. stand　　D. self-cleaning　　E. serve　　F. hold Nature's Inventions Inspire Technology Scientists and engineers often 1 ______ inspiration from nature to solve technical problems. Living organisms have evolved over millions of years to survive and thrive, offering endless ideas for human innovation. This 2 ______ approach has led to many breakthroughs: Velcro was invented after observing how burrs stick to fur; swimsuits are modeled after sharkskin to reduce drag. Buildings designed like termite mounds can 3 ______ up well in extreme heat without air conditioning. Materials that mimic lotus leaves have 4 ______ properties, repelling dirt and water effortlessly. The natural world continues to 5 ______ as a rich source of ideas, reminding us that nature is often the best inventor. 【答案】 1．A　　2．B　　3．C　　4．D　　5．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了仿生学（从自然界获取灵感解决技术问题）的应用。文章指出，科学家常从自然中汲取灵感，这种仿生方法带来了诸多突破：从魔术贴到鲨鱼皮泳衣，从仿白蚁丘建筑到仿荷叶自洁材料。自然界继续作为创新灵感的丰富源泉，提醒我们大自然往往是最好的发明家。 【解析】 1．考查动词（一词多义 / 固定搭配）。句意：科学家和工程师经常从自然界汲取灵感来解决技术问题。空处位于主语后作谓语，需填动词原形，且能与 inspiration 和 from 搭配。draw 常见义为 "画，拉"，此处为一词多义，表示 "汲取，获取"，draw inspiration from 为固定短语，意为 "从… 中汲取灵感"，符合语境。故选 A。 2．考查形容词（构词法 / 合成词）。句意：这种仿生的方法带来了许多突破…… 空处位于名词 approach 前，需填形容词作定语。bio-inspired 为合成形容词，由前缀 bio-（生物的）+ inspired（受启发的）构成，表示 "受生物启发的，仿生的"，为构词法考点，符合全文介绍仿生学的主题。故选 B。 3．考查动词（一词多义 / 固定搭配）。句意：仿照白蚁丘设计的建筑无需空调就能在极端高温中经受住考验。空处位于情态动词 can 后，需填动词原形，且能与 up well 搭配。stand 常见义为 "站立，忍受"，此处为一词多义，stand up well 为固定短语，表示 "经受得住，表现良好"，形容建筑在高温环境中依然稳固耐用，符合语境。故选 C。 4．考查形容词（构词法 / 合成词）。句意：模仿荷叶的材料具有自洁特性，能毫不费力地排斥灰尘和水。空处位于名词 properties 前，需填形容词作定语。self-cleaning 为合成形容词，由 self（自己）+ cleaning（清洁）构成，表示 "自洁的，自动清洁的"，为构词法考点，符合荷叶效应（出淤泥而不染）的科学常识。故选 D。 5．考查动词（一词多义 / 固定搭配）。句意：自然界继续充当创意的丰富源泉，提醒我们大自然往往是最好的发明家。空处位于不定式符号 to 后，需填动词原形，且能与 as 搭配。serve 常见义为 "服务，招待"，此处为一词多义，表示 "起… 作用，充当"，serve as 为固定短语，意为 "充当，作为"，符合自然界作为灵感来源的语境。故选 E。 02：【来源】原创试题 Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. slip　　B. spot　　C. hit　　D. bear　　E. ease　　F. pass The Science of Memory Have you ever walked into a room and forgotten why you went there? As years 1 by, small memory lapses become more common, even for young adults. We may 2 a familiar face on the street but struggle to recall the name attached to it. Sometimes an answer will suddenly 3 you after you've stopped thinking about the problem — a phenomenon known as "incubation." Our brains continue to work on challenges even when we're not aware of it. Students find that information is easier to remember when it 4 personal relevance. While age-related memory decline is inevitable, research suggests we can 5 it through mental exercises, adequate sleep, and healthy lifestyles. 【答案】 1．A　　2．B　　3．C　　4．D　　5．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了记忆的运作规律及改善方法。文章通过 "走进房间却忘了来意" 的常见现象引出记忆失误的话题，介绍了 "酝酿效应"—— 停止思考后答案反而会突然浮现；同时指出，当信息与个人相关时更容易记忆，虽然与年龄相关的记忆力下降不可避免，但可以通过脑力锻炼、充足睡眠和健康生活方式来缓解。 【解析】 1．考查动词（一词多义 / 固定搭配）。句意：随着岁月流逝，即使是年轻人，轻微的记忆失误也变得越来越常见。空处位于时间状语从句中，需填动词作谓语，且能与 by 搭配。slip 常见义为 "滑倒，溜走"，此处为一词多义，表示 "悄悄过去，流逝"，slip by 为固定短语，意为 "（时间）悄悄流逝"，强调不知不觉中过去，比普通的 pass by 更具文学色彩，符合语境。故选 A。 2．考查动词（一词多义）。句意：我们可能在街上认出一张熟悉的面孔，却想不起对方的名字。空处位于情态动词 may 后，需填动词原形，且能与 a familiar face 搭配。spot 作名词意为 "地点，斑点"，作动词时为一词多义，表示 "发现，认出"，强调从众多事物中辨识出，符合在街上认出熟悉面孔的场景。故选 B。 3．考查动词（一词多义 / 固定用法）。句意：有时候，当你不再想这个问题后，答案会突然涌上心头—— 这就是所谓的 "酝酿效应"。空处位于助动词 will 后，需填动词原形，且能与表人的宾语 you 搭配。hit 常见义为 "打击，碰撞"，此处为一词多义，表示 "使突然想起"，sth. hits sb. 为固定用法，意为 "某人突然想到某事"，符合灵感突现的语境。故选 C。 4．考查动词（一词多义）。句意：学生们发现，当信息具有个人相关性时，更容易被记住。空处位于主语 it 后，需填动词作谓语，且能与 personal relevance 搭配。bear 常见义为 "承受，忍受"，此处为一词多义，表示 "具有，带有"，bear personal relevance 意为 "具有个人相关性"，符合信息与个人经历关联时更易记忆的逻辑。故选 D。 5．考查动词（熟词生义 / 构词法）。句意：虽然与年龄相关的记忆力下降不可避免，但研究表明，我们可以通过脑力锻炼、充足睡眠和健康生活方式来缓解它。空处位于情态动词 can 后，需填动词原形。ease 由形容词 easy 转化而来，学生熟悉 easy 表示 "容易的"，但 ease 作动词时为熟词生义 / 构词法考点，表示 "缓解，减轻"，ease it 此处指缓解记忆力下降，符合语境。故选 E。 03：【来源】原创试题 Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. throw　　B. wear　　C. table　　D. run　　E. stretch　　F. pick The Remote Work Debate The sudden shift to remote work has 1 many companies into uncharted territory. Employees celebrate the flexibility and time saved from commuting, but managers worry that team cohesion may 2 thin when colleagues rarely meet in person. Project timelines often get delayed as key decisions get 3 due to lack of spontaneous hallway discussions. It becomes harder to resolve small issues before they grow into bigger problems. Yet research shows that productivity doesn't 4 on office presence alone. This debate is expected to 5 on for years as businesses experiment with hybrid models and find their new balance. 【答案】 1．A　　2．B　　3．C　　4．D　　5．E 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，探讨了远程办公带来的挑战与争议。文章指出，远程办公的突然转变让企业陷入陌生境地 —— 员工欢迎灵活，管理者却担忧团队凝聚力会减弱；重要决策常被搁置，影响项目进度。但研究表明，生产力并非仅靠办公室出勤来维持，这场争论预计将持续多年，企业会在混合办公模式中寻找新平衡。 【解析】 1．考查动词（一词多义）。句意：远程办公的突然转变已将许多公司抛入未知领域。空处位于助动词 has 后，需填动词过去分词构成完成时，且能与 into 搭配。throw 常见义为 "扔，投掷"，此处为引申义，表示 "使陷入，使处于"，throw sb. into sth. 意为 "使某人陷入某种状态"，此处用过去分词 thrown，符合语境。故选 A。 2．考查动词（一词多义 / 固定搭配）。句意：…… 但管理者担心，当同事很少面对面交流时，团队凝聚力可能会逐渐减弱。空处位于情态动词 may 后，需填动词原形，且能与 thin 搭配。wear 常见义为 "穿，戴"，此处为一词多义，表示 "变弱，磨损"，wear thin 为固定短语，意为 "逐渐减弱，变得不再有效"，形容凝聚力、耐心等逐渐消耗，符合语境。故选 B。 3．考查动词（熟词生义）。句意：由于缺乏自发的走廊讨论，重要决策往往被搁置，项目进度常常延迟。空处位于 get 后，需填动词过去分词构成被动语态。table 作名词意为 "桌子"，作动词时为熟词生义，表示 "搁置，暂缓讨论"，常用于商务、议会等场景，get tabled 意为 "被搁置"，符合语境。故选 C。 4．考查动词（一词多义 / 固定搭配）。句意：然而研究表明，生产力并非仅仅依靠办公室出勤来维持。空处位于 doesn't 后，需填动词原形，且能与 on 搭配。run 常见义为 "跑，运行"，此处为一词多义，run on sth. 为固定短语，表示 "靠… 运转，依赖… 运行"，符合 "生产力不靠办公室出勤维持" 的语义。故选 D。 5．考查动词（一词多义）。句意：这场争论预计将持续多年，企业会尝试混合办公模式并找到新的平衡。空处位于不定式符号 to 后，需填动词原形，且能与 on 搭配。stretch 常见义为 "拉伸，伸展"，此处为一词多义，表示 "延续，持续"，stretch on 意为 "持续，延伸"，形容时间或事件延续很长时间，符合语境。故选 E。 04：【来源】原创试题 Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. strike　　B. move　　C. lift　　D. taste　　E. charge　　F. run How Music Shapes Our Moods Music has a powerful effect on human emotions. A sad song can 1 us to tears, while an upbeat melody can 2 our spirits on a gloomy day. The right piece of music can change how we feel in a matter of seconds. What 3 people about classical music may not be the melody itself, but the complex emotions it conveys. Many people find that emotionally 4 music helps them process difficult feelings and find inner peace. Whether your musical 5 leans toward pop, jazz or classical, there's no denying music's unique ability to touch the soul and shape our experience of the world. 【答案】 1．B　　2．C　　3．A　　4．E　　5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了音乐对情绪的影响。文章指出，悲伤的歌曲能使人落泪，欢快的旋律能振奋精神；古典音乐打动人的地方往往不在于旋律本身，而在于其传递的复杂情感；充满情感张力的音乐能帮助人们处理负面情绪。无论个人音乐品味如何，音乐触动灵魂、塑造情感体验的独特作用毋庸置疑。 【解析】 1．考查动词（一词多义 / 固定搭配）。句意：一首悲伤的歌能把我们感动到落泪…… 空处位于情态动词 can 后，需填动词原形，且能与 to tears 搭配。move 常见义为 "移动，搬家"，此处为一词多义，表示 "使感动，打动"，move sb. to tears 为固定短语，意为 "使某人感动得流泪"，符合悲伤音乐引发情感共鸣的语境。故选 B。 2．考查动词（一词多义 / 固定搭配）。句意：…… 而欢快的旋律能在阴郁的日子里振奋我们的精神。空处位于情态动词 can 后，需填动词原形，且能与 spirits 搭配。lift 常见义为 "举起，抬起"，此处为一词多义，表示 "振奋，提升"，lift one's spirits 为固定短语，意为 "振奋精神，使心情好起来"，符合欢快音乐改善情绪的语境。故选 C。 3．考查动词（一词多义 / 固定用法）。句意：古典音乐打动人们的地方可能不在于旋律本身，而在于它传递的复杂情感。空处位于主语从句中作谓语，需填动词，且能与 people 搭配。strike 常见义为 "打击，罢工"，此处为一词多义，表示 "给… 留下深刻印象，打动"，what strikes people about sth. 为常用句型，意为 "某事打动人们的地方在于"，符合语境。故选 A。 4．考查形容词（一词多义 / 熟词生义）。句意：许多人发现，情感充沛的音乐能帮助他们处理负面情绪，找到内心的平静。空处位于副词 emotionally 后、名词 music 前，需填形容词。charge 常见义为 "收费，充电"，此处 charged 为形容词，为熟词生义，表示 "充满… 的，有强烈情感的"，emotionally charged 意为 "充满情感的，情感饱满的"，符合语境。故选 E。 5．考查名词（一词多义）。句意：无论你的音乐品味偏向流行、爵士还是古典…… 空处位于形容词 musical 后，需填名词。taste 常见义为 "味道，品尝"，此处为一词多义，表示 "品味，鉴赏力"，musical taste 意为 "音乐品味"，符合谈论个人音乐偏好的语境。故选 D。 重难·创新演练 设题创新:“机会成本”对消费决策的影响;科技巨头是否应拯救报业;人工智能辅助旅行规划； Passage 1 【新情境·“机会成本”对消费决策的影响】 【来源】2025届上海市格致中学高三下学期5月三模英语试卷 Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．consider  B．fixed-priced  C． higher-end  D．indecision  E. logic  F. minor G. practical  H. purchase  I. revealing  J. sacrifice  K. value The Power of Opportunity Costs While shopping for my first stereo (立体声音响), I spent an hour debating between a $1,000 Pioneer and a $700 Sony. Perhaps fearing that my 1 would cost him a sale, the salesman said, “Well, think of it this way — would you rather have the Pioneer, or the Sony and $300 worth of CDs?” The Sony — and it wasn’t even close. Twenty new CDs were too great a(n) 2 for the slightly more attractive Pioneer. Although I knew the price difference, I hadn’t thought of it in terms of what else the money could buy until the salesman framed it that way. If one assumes, as an economics textbook might, that consumers routinely calculate opportunity costs, this story is 3 . All decisions involve opportunity costs, but how consumers 4 them has received little attention from decision theorists and even less from marketers. Promotional messages often highlight product advantages or price differences, but spelling out what those differences mean in 5 terms may be more persuasive. A $300 difference can seem significant or not, depending on what else it could be spent on. Generally, firms selling cheaper products should highlight the opportunity costs of trading up, while those selling 6 products may want to avoid the topic. But the idea must be used carefully. The same 7 that leads someone to choose silver over gold could also lead them to choose bronze (铜) over silver. It’s also important that the lost opportunities are framed around things buyers actually 8 . One campaign once framed the cost of a large government program in terms of snack cakes per person per day — a(n) comparison so 9 that it weakened the argument. On the other hand, a De Beers ad cleverly showed a pair of diamond earrings with the line “Redo the kitchen next year,” suggesting that buying the earrings would only mean putting off home renovations (装修) for a little while. In reality, the earrings might cost as much as the entire kitchen redo, but the framing made the 10 seem reasonable. 【答案】 1．D 2．J 3．I 4．A 5．G 6．C 7．E 8．K 9．F 10．H 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过购物案例揭示“机会成本”对消费决策的影响，指出营销中通过对比实际替代选项而非抽象价差能更有效说服消费者，同时强调策略需针对目标受众灵活调整。 1．考查名词。句意：销售员可能担心我的犹豫不决会导致他失去这笔交易，便说：“不如这样想——你是想要先锋音响，还是索尼音响外加价值300美元的CD？”空处作主语，被my修饰，结合上文“I spent an hour debating between a $1,000 Pioneer and a $700 Sony”可推知，D项indecision“犹豫不决”符合题意，表示“我的犹豫不决会导致他失去这笔交易”。故选D。 2．考查名词。句意：二十张新CD对于稍微有吸引力的先锋音响来说是太大的牺牲了。空处作表语，空前有冠词，结合下文“in terms of what else the money could buy”可推知，J项sacrifice“牺牲”符合题意，表示“二十张新CD是太大的牺牲”。故选J。 3．考查形容词。句意：如果像经济学教科书假设的那样，消费者会常规性计算机会成本，这个故事就很有启发性。空处作表语，结合上文“I hadn’t thought of it in terms of what else the money could buy until the salesman framed it that way”可推知，I项revealing“有启迪作用的”符合题意，表示“这个故事就很有启发性”。故选I。 4．考查动词。句意：所有决策都涉及机会成本，但消费者如何考虑它们却很少被决策理论家研究，营销人员更鲜少关注。空处作从句的谓语，结合上文“consumers routinely calculate opportunity costs”可推知，A项consider“考虑”符合题意，表示“消费者如何考虑机会成本”。故选A。 5．考查形容词。句意：促销信息常强调产品优势或价差，但用实际的表述说明这些差异可能更有说服力。空处作修饰terms的定语，结合下文“depending on what else it could be spent on”可推知，G项practical“实际的”符合题意，表示“用实际的表述说明这些差异”。故选G。 6．考查形容词。句意：通常，低价产品商家应强调“升级消费”的机会成本，而高端产品商家可能想回避这个话题。空处作修饰products的定语，结合上文“firms selling cheaper products”可推知，C项higher-end“高端的”符合题意，表示“高端产品商家”。故选C。 7．考查名词。句意：同样的逻辑可能让人选择银而非金，也可能转而选择铜而非银。空处作主语，被The same修饰，结合上文“But the idea must be used carefully.”可推知，E项logic“逻辑”符合题意，表示“同样的逻辑”。故选E。 8．考查动词。句意：关键是要围绕消费者真正会重视的东西来表述“失去的机会”。空处作从句的谓语，结合上文叙述的作者因300美元的差价意味着二十张新CD而选择索尼音响，K项value“重视”符合题意，表示“消费者真正会重视的东西”。故选K。 9．考查形容词。句意：某次活动将政府大型项目的成本表述为人均每日零食开销——这种微小的对比反而削弱了论点。此处用so… that…引导结果状语从句，空处应用形容词或副词，结合“it weakened the argument”可推知，F项minor“微小的”符合题意，表示“这种微小的对比”。故选F。 10．考查名词。句意：实际上，耳环的价格可能相当于整个厨房的装修费用，但这种表述让购买看起来很合理。空处作宾语，空前有冠词the，结合上文“buying the earrings would only mean putting off home renovations (装修) for a little while”可推知，H项purchase“购买”符合题意，表示“让购买看起来很合理”。故选H。 Passage 2 【新情境·科技巨头是否应拯救报业】 【来源】2025届上海市晋元高级中学高三下学期三模英语试题 Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．adaptation    B．address    C． applied    D．claims    E. compete    F. dominating G. public-interest    H. reemerging    I. responded    J. survival    K. transformed Big Tech Shouldn’t Rescue the Newspaper Industry In the early 17th century, London’s St Paul’s Cathedral was a hub for news and gossip, where entrepreneurs sold handwritten “letters of news” to wealthy subscribers. Today, a similar subscription model is 11 in the newspaper industry, marking the end of an era when newspapers relied on mass markets and advertising for profits. For decades, newspapers sold their content below production costs to attract readers for advertisers. The old saying—“If you’re not paying, you are the product”— 12 as much to newspapers as it does to modern tech platforms. However, the internet has 13 this business model. Over the past two decades, newspaper ad revenues in America have dropped by 80%, and circulation has halved. Digital advertising hasn’t made up for these losses, with giants like Google and Facebook 14 the market. In the UK, for instance, Google controls over 90% of search ad revenue, while Facebook 15 half of all display ad revenue. Faced with these challenges, newspapers are turning to governments for help, arguing that their 16 is vital for democracy. Recent efforts in countries like Australia and France aim to force Google and Facebook to pay for news content, while in the U.S., Congress has considered allowing newspapers to negotiate collectively with tech platforms. Google and Facebook have 17 with financial support. Google promised $1 billion over three years to pay publishers for selected content, and Facebook agreed to usage fees with some publishers. Yet, these payments are minimal compared to the earnings of tech giants and hardly 18 the deeper economic challenges of the newspaper industry. The real issue isn’t tech giants exploiting newspapers but newspapers losing control of content distribution. Unlike video and music industries, newspapers have struggled to adapt. Nonetheless, some have found success through subscriptions. The NewYorkTimes, for example, now boasts over 6.5 million subscribers, showing resilience through digital 19 . The future of 20 journalism should rest on sustainable business models, not on government funding or tech donations. Newspapers must innovate to create content readers value and are willing to pay for — just as they did centuries ago. 【答案】 11．H 12．C 13．K 14．F 15．D 16．J 17．I 18．B 19．A 20．G 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文探讨了科技巨头不应拯救报业的观点。作者指出，互联网颠覆了传统报业依赖广告的商业模式，导致其收入锐减。尽管报业向政府求助，科技巨头也提供了部分资金支持，但这并未解决报业深层的经济问题。文章强调，报业的未来应依靠可持续的商业模式（如订阅制）和创新，而非政府资助或科技公司的施舍，部分报纸（如《纽约时报》）已通过数字化适应取得成功。 11．考查动词。句意：如今，类似的订阅模式正在报业重新兴起，标志着报业依赖大众市场和广告盈利的时代结束。根据句意“重新兴起”可知，此处为动词reemerge，结合“Today”可知，此处表示现阶段正在进行的动作，使用现在进行时，已有be动词is，空处需填现在分词reemerging。故选H。 12．考查动词。句意：那句老话——“如果你不付费，你就是产品”——对报纸的适用程度不亚于现代科技平台。根据句意“应用”可知，此处为动词apply，陈述过去的事实，使用一般过去时。故选C。 13．考查动词。句意：然而，互联网已彻底改变了这种商业模式。根据句意“改变”可知，此处为动词transform，此处表示过去发生的事情对现在产生影响，已有助动词has，空处需填过去分词transformed。故选K。 14．考查动词。句意：数字广告未能弥补这些损失，谷歌和Facebook等巨头主导着市场。根据句意“主导”可知，此处为动词dominant，“with+宾语+宾语补足语”为固定结构，giants 和dominant为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词dominating。故选F。 15．考查动词。句意：例如，在英国，谷歌控制着90%以上的搜索广告收入，而Facebook声称占据一半的展示广告收入。根据句意“声称”可知，此处为动词claim，结合上文“controls”可知，此处用一般现在时，主语为“Facebook”，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故选D。 16．考查名词。句意：面对这些挑战，报业转向政府寻求帮助，认为它们的生存对民主至关重要。根据句意“生存”可知，此处为名词survival，作主语，为不可数名词。故选J。 17．考查动词。句意：谷歌和脸书已经以财政支持作为回应。根据句意“回应”可知，此处为动词respond，结合have可知，空处需填过去分词responded，构成现在完成时。故选I。 18．考查动词。句意：然而，与科技巨头的收入相比，这些支付微不足道，几乎无法解决报业更深层次的经济挑战。根据句意“解决”可知，此处为动词address，陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为these payments，谓语动词用原形。故选B。 19．考查名词。句意：例如，《纽约时报》目前拥有超过650万订阅者，通过数字适应展现出了韧性。根据句意“适应”可知，此处为名词adaptation，作宾语。故选A。 20．考查名词。句意：公共利益新闻业的未来应建立在可持续的商业模式之上，而非政府资助或科技公司的捐赠。根据句意“公共利益”可知，此处为名词public-interest，作定语。故选G。 Passage 3 【新情境·人工智能辅助旅行规划】 【来源】2025届上海市浦东新区高三下学期三模英语试题 Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．accurately  B．craft  C． double-check  D．functions  E. laborious F. narrow G. pools  H. progressively  I. shares  J. tips  K. unlock Ask the right way With the introduction of accessible new AI systems like ChatGPT, travel will never be the same. AI has simplified planning and made it easier to discover new experience. Instead of a march through 21 research, users get similar results with a quick conversation with AI. AI is great for some travel 22 , like generating ideas, highlighting small businesses, and translating languages, but there are tricks to use it well, especially when it comes to traveling. Here’s how to best use AI for travel. Once you have chosen your destinations, 23 your search. AI is skilled at responding to specific interests, whether you’re looking for the best restaurant in an area or designing a five-day travel plan of off-the-beaten-path museums. AI is also useful in finding responses to prompts (提示) like “less crowded” or “underrated.” It is because unlike platforms such as TripAdvisor, the system 24 knowledge from all corners of the web, interprets results to fit your inquires best and then delivers the information in a conversational way. To 25 a good prompt, it’s crucial to ask questions in your native language. AI models can speak and understand many languages, and your grammar matters. The more precise your punctuation (标点) , spelling, and grammar, the more 26 AI will be able to understand you. Finally, always 27 AI’s answers against other sources as cross-referencing its suggestions with trusted platforms adds an extra layer of confidence to your planning. By mastering these 28 you can tap into this powerful generative engine to ensure a safer, better-informed and more satisfying travel experience. Every day, AI is rapidly evolving as more start-ups and companies figure out the best ways to 29 its potential to deliver information using natural language. As the system 30 gets more access to the web, learns what users want, and becomes more “intelligent, ” it will continue to shift travel in unexpected and groundbreaking ways. The future of travel is here. 【答案】 21．E 22．D 23．F 24．G 25．B 26．A 27．C 28．J 29．K 30．H 【导语】这是一篇说明文。随着像ChatGPT这样易于使用的新人工智能系统的引入，旅行规划方式将发生改变，人工智能简化了规划过程，并提供了使用人工智能辅助旅行的相关技巧，从而确保旅行体验更加安全、信息更丰富且更令人满意。 21．考查形容词。句意：用户不再需要进行艰苦的研究，只需与人工智能进行一次快速对话，就能得到类似的结果。空格处为定语修饰后面名词research，根据下文“users get similar results with a quick conversation with AI.”可知，laborious“艰苦的；费力的”为形容词，符合句意。故选E项。 22．考查名词。句意：人工智能在一些旅行功能方面非常出色，比如产生想法、突出小型企业以及翻译语言，但要想用好它有一些技巧，尤其是在旅行方面。空格处为介词for的宾语，前面有some修饰，根据“like generating ideas, highlighting small businesses, and translating languages”可知，functions“功能”为可数名词复数，符合句意。故选D项。 23．考查动词。句意：一旦你选定了目的地，就缩小你的搜索范围。空格处为祈使句的谓语动词，根据“Once you have chosen your destinations”可知，narrow“缩小”为动词，符合句意。故选F项。 24．考查动词。句意：这是因为与TripAdvisor等平台不同，该系统从网络的各个角落汇集知识，解释结果以最适合你的查询，然后以对话的方式提供信息。空格处为谓语动词，根据“from all corners of the web”可知，pools“汇集”为动词，符合句意。为一般现在时。故选G项。 25．考查动词。句意：要打造一个好的提示，用母语提问至关重要。空格处为不定式to do作目的状语，根据“a good prompt”可知，craft“打造”为动词，符合句意。故选B项。 26．考查副词。句意：你的标点、拼写和语法越精确，人工智能就越能准确地理解你。空格处为副词修饰前面动词understand，根据“The more precise”可知，accurately“准确地”为副词，符合句意。故选A项。 27．考查动词。句意：最后，总是复核人工智能对其他来源的回答，将其建议与可信平台进行交叉引用，为您的规划增添了额外的信心。空格处为祈使句的谓语动词，double-check“复核”为动词，符合句意。故选C项。 28．考查名词。句意：通过掌握这些技巧，你可以利用这个强大的生成引擎，确保更安全、更知情、更令人满意的旅行体验。空格处为动词mastering的宾语，前面有these修饰，根据下文“better-informed and more satisfying travel experience.”可知，tips“技巧”为可数名词复数，符合句意。故选J项。 29．考查动词。句意：每天，随着越来越多的初创企业和公司找到利用自然语言释放其潜力的最佳方式，人工智能正在迅速发展。空格处为不定式to do作后置定语修饰前面名词ways，根据下文“its potential to deliver information using natural language”可知，“unlock“释放”为动词，符合句意。故选K项。 30．考查副词。句意：随着该系统逐渐获得更多访问网络的机会，了解用户想要什么，并变得更加“智能”，它将继续以意想不到和开创性的方式改变旅行。空格处为副词修饰后面动词gets，根据“gets more access to the web”可知，progressively“逐渐地”为副词，符合句意。故选H项。 名校真题·实战演练 高频考点：一词多义/一词多性/构词法知识；熟词僻义等 Passage 1 【来源】上海市位育中学2025-2026学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题 Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．anchoring    B．chorus    C． cooperative    D．documenting    E. enhance    F. essentially G. host    H. randomly    I. recognizable    J. shoots    K. vocabulary Distant Diplomacy When danger approaches, many creatures seem to follow the ancient proverb that “the enemy of my enemy is my friend.” Researchers have recently been finding subtle ways that animals communicate with other species in this kind of 1 defense treaty. For example, Nature Ecology & Evolution carries a recent study 2 more than 20 bird species on four continents that emit virtually identical “whining (哀鸣)” calls when they spot brood parasites (寄生繁殖) such as cuckoos. “That call is 3 the word for ‘cuckoo,’” says study co-lead author James Kennerley at Cornell University. “And it’s recruiting individuals to come together against this common enemy.” Brood parasites lay eggs in other birds’ nests, manipulating the 4 parents into raising their chicks for them. At a field site in Australia, Kennerley has witnessed individuals from a dozen or more species attack a cuckoo in response to whining calls in 5 . These mobs can be so aggressive that Kennerley needs to cage the specimen used in their experiments to protect it. Otherwise the attacking birds would have “just completely torn it to pieces,” Kennerley says. Many birds also share a common 6 for predators. Research by wildlife ecologist Erick Greene shows that various songbirds produce 7 “seet” calls to warn of a raptor (猛禽) in flight. The calls are too high-pitched for raptors to hear well, so the predators remain unaware as information about their arrival 8 through the forest. If the raptor settles, songbirds switch to “mobbing” calls, a distinct sound that, as Greene puts it, “draws in the troops to drive that raptor off.” Defense is not the only reason for cross-species communication. Among other things, it may help birds migrate and 9 food intake. A recent study found that when seabirds with good vision search for food with seabirds with strong senses of smell, they both have far greater success at catching krill. Unlike with the seet and whining calls, however, it’s unclear whether they’re deliberately signaling to one another or “just 10 following other birds,” says study lead author Jesse Granger, a biophysicist at Duke University. But clearly, “very complex multispecies communication networks are pervasive,” Greene says. “It really benefits animals to pay attention to one another.” 【答案】 1．C 2．D 3．F 4．G 5．B 6．K 7．I 8．J 9．E 10．H 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了动物之间存在跨物种交流，在防御、迁徙和觅食等方面发挥着重要作用。 【详解】1．考查形容词。句意：研究人员最近发现了动物以这种合作的防御方式与其他物种交流的微妙方式。空后为名词短语defense treaty，应用形容词修饰。根据“many creatures seem to follow the ancient proverb that “the enemy of my enemy is my friend.””可知，许多生物似乎都遵循着一句古老的谚语：“敌人的敌人就是朋友。”，这表明动物之间存在一种合作的防御关系。C选项cooperative“合作的”符合语境，作定语，修饰defense treaty。故选C。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，《自然生态与进化》杂志最近发表了一项研究，记录了四大洲20多种鸟类在发现杜鹃等巢寄生鸟类时发出的几乎相同的“哀鸣”声。根据“more than 20 bird species on four continents that emit virtually identical “whining (哀鸣)” calls”可知，研究对此现象进行了记录，D选项documenting“记录”，符合语境，document与study为主动关系，用现在分词，作后置定语，修饰study。故选D。 3．考查副词。句意：康奈尔大学的研究共同负责人詹姆斯·肯纳利说：“这种叫声本质上就是‘杜鹃’的信号”。根据“the word for ‘cuckoo,’”可知，这里强调的是哀鸣声与“杜鹃”这个词之间的本质联系。F选项essentially“本质上”符合语境，修饰整个句子，作状语，说明哀鸣声本质上就是“杜鹃”的代名词。故选F。 4．考查形容词。句意：巢寄生鸟类在其他鸟类的巢中产卵，操纵寄主父母为它们抚养雏鸟。根据“parents into raising their chicks for them”可知，这里指的是被巢寄生鸟类利用的鸟，即寄主父母。G选项host“寄主的，主人的”，形容词，修饰parents，作定语，符合语境。故选G。 5．考查名词。句意：在澳大利亚的一个野外地点，肯纳利看到，十几种或更多种类的鸟会齐声对哀鸣声做出反应，攻击一只杜鹃。根据“individuals from a dozen or more species attack a cuckoo in response to whining calls in”可知，这里描述的是多种鸟同时发出声音攻击杜鹃的场景。B选项chorus“齐声，合唱”，符合题意，in chorus为固定短语，意为“齐声，一起”。故选B。 6．考查名词。句意：许多鸟类也有一个共同的关于捕食者的词汇。根据后文“various songbirds produce ______ “seet” calls to warn of a raptor (猛禽) in flight”提到各种鸣禽发出不同的声音来警告捕食者，可以推断这里说的是鸟类有关于捕食者的共同“词汇”或声音信号。K选项vocabulary“词汇”符合语境，在此处引申为鸟类用来交流关于捕食者信息的声音集合。故选K。 7．考查形容词。句意：野生动物生态学家埃里克·格林的研究表明，各种鸣禽会发出可识别的“嘶嘶”声来警告空中飞行的猛禽。根据““seet” calls to warn of a raptor (猛禽) in flight”可知，这里强调的是“嘶嘶”声能够被其他鸟类识别出来，从而起到警告作用。I选项recognizable“可识别的”符合语境，修饰“seet” calls，作定语。故选I。 8．考查动词。句意：这些叫声音调太高，猛禽很难听清，因此当关于它们来袭的信息在森林中迅速传开时，这些捕食者仍浑然不觉。根据“through the forest”可知，这里描述的是信息在森林中的传播过程。J选项shoots“迅速传播”符合语境，作as引导的时间状语从句的谓语，说明信息在森林中迅速传播而猛禽未察觉。故选J。 9．考查动词。句意：除此之外，它可能有助于鸟类迁徙和增强食物摄入量。根据“food intake. A recent study found that when seabirds with good vision search for food with seabirds with strong senses of smell, they both have far greater success at catching krill”可知，这里强调的是跨物种交流对鸟类食物摄入量的积极影响。E选项enhance“增强，提高”符合语境，说明交流有助于鸟类增强食物摄入量。故选E。 10．考查副词。句意：然而，与“嘶嘶”声和哀鸣声不同，目前尚不清楚它们是否在故意向对方发出信号，还是只是随机跟随其他鸟类。根据“following other birds”可知，这里描述的是鸟类行为的不确定性，即它们是否是有目的地交流还是随机跟随。H选项randomly“随机地”符合语境，修饰following other birds，作状语。故选H。 Passage 2 【来源】上海市徐汇区上海南洋中学2025-2026学年高三年级英语学科9月学习能力诊断测试题 Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A．abandonment  B．initiated   C． categorizing  D．revealed  E. investigating  F. boost G. share   H. overlooking     I.bargain       J. heavily    K. admittedly Shoppers hoping to bag a 11 in the post-Christmas sales are much less likely to go through with their purchases if they are using phones and tablets to buy goods online. This is because consumers often worry they are not seeing the full picture on a mobile app or that they could be missing out on special offers or 12 hidden costs, according to new research. Concerns about privacy and security can also motivate people to put items into their shopping baskets but then quit without paying. Although mobile apps are 13 becoming among the most popular ways to shop online, the phenomenon of shopping cart 14 is much higher than for desktop-based online shopping. According to Market Research firm Criteo, the 15 of e-commerce purchases from mobile devices increased to 46% of global e-commerce trade in the second quarter of 2016, however, only 27% of purchases 16 on this channel were finalized, significantly lagging behind desktop initiated purchases. Researchers at the University of East Anglia(UEA) 17 why this is so say it represents a huge challenge for online retailers, who are investing 18 in mobile shopping, but not receiving the rewards in successful sales. “Our study results 19 a paradox (悖论),” said Dr Nikolaos Korfiatis of Norwich Business School at UEA．“Mobile shopping is supposed to make the process easier, and yet concerns about making the right choice, or about whether the site is secure enough leads to an emotional ambivalence (矛盾情绪) about the transaction and that means customers are much more likely to simply abandon their shopping carts without completing a purchase.” Strategies that might 20 a shopper to complete a purchase include adding special offers, or coupons for a nearby store at the checkout stage. “Retailers need to invest in technology, but they need to do it in the right way, so the investment pays off,” added Dr Korfiatis. 【答案】 11．I 12．H 13．K 14．A 15．G 16．B 17．E 18．J 19．D 20．F 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要围绕圣诞节后促销期间，消费者使用手机、平板网购时购物车放弃率高的现象展开，分析其原因并给出零售商的改进建议。 【详解】11．考查名词。句意：希望在圣诞节后促销中买到便宜货的购物者，如果使用手机和平板电脑在线购物，完成购买的可能性会低得多。空处作bag的宾语，结合句意和post-Christmas sales可知，此处指“买到便宜货”，名词bargain“便宜货、特价商品”符合题意，冠词a提示用其单数形式。故选I。 12．考查动词。句意：根据一项新的研究，这是因为消费者经常担心他们在移动应用上没有看到全部情况，或者担心他们可能错过特别优惠或忽视隐藏成本。空处与missing out on并列，结合句意“担心错过优惠或忽略隐藏成本”可知，现在分词overlooking“忽视、忽略”符合题意。故选H。 13．考查副词。句意：诚然，虽然移动应用正成为最受欢迎的网上购物方式之一，但购物车放弃率比桌面端网上购物高得多。空处修饰整个句子，作状语，结合句意，此处表示“诚然、无可否认”，用于引出转折前的事实，副词admittedly“诚然、无可否认地”符合题意。故选K。 14．考查名词。句意：诚然，虽然移动应用正成为最受欢迎的网上购物方式之一，但购物车放弃率比桌面端网上购物高得多。空处作宾语，结合下文quit without paying和abandon their shopping carts可知，此处指“购物车放弃率”，名词abandonment“放弃、抛弃”符合题意。故选A。 15．考查名词。句意：根据市场研究公司Criteo的数据，2016年第二季度，移动设备电子商务购物的占比上升至全球电子商务交易的46%，然而，在该渠道上发起的购买中，只有27%最终完成，明显落后于桌面端发起的购买。空处作主语，结合46% of global e-commerce trade可知，此处指移动设备购物在全球电商中的占比，名词share“份额、占比”符合题意。故选G。 16．考查动词。句意：根据市场研究公司Criteo的数据，2016年第二季度，移动设备电子商务购物的占比上升至全球电子商务交易的46%，然而，在该渠道上发起的购买中，只有27%最终完成，明显落后于桌面端发起的购买。空处作后置定语，修饰purchases，结合句意“在该渠道上发起的购买”，动词initiated“发起、启动”（过去分词作定语，表被动）符合题意。故选B。 17．考查动词。句意：东安格利亚大学（UEA）的研究人员正在调查为什么会出现这种情况，他们表示，这对在线零售商来说是一个巨大的挑战——他们在移动购物上投入巨大，却没有在成功销售中获得回报。空处作非谓语，结合why this is so可知，此处指研究人员在“调查”原因，researchers和investigate是主动关系，应用现在分词，动词investigating“调查、研究”符合题意。故选E。 18．考查副词。句意：东安格利亚大学（UEA）的研究人员正在调查为什么会出现这种情况，他们表示，这对在线零售商来说是一个巨大的挑战——他们在移动购物上投入巨大，却没有在成功销售中获得回报。空处修饰动词investing（投入），作状语，结合句意“投入巨大”，副词heavily“大量地、沉重地”符合题意。故选J。 19．考查动词。句意：UEA诺维奇商学院的尼古拉奥斯·科尔菲亚蒂斯博士说：“我们的研究结果揭示了一个悖论。”空处作谓语，结合句意“研究结果揭示了悖论”，动词reveal“揭示、显示”符合题意，此处描述研究过去得出的结论，用一般过去时。故选D。 20．考查动词。句意：可能促使购物者完成购买的策略包括在结账阶段添加特别优惠或附近商店的优惠券。空处作谓语，结合句意“促使购物者完成购买”，动词boost“促进、推动”符合题意，might为情态动词，后接动词原形。故选F。 Passage 3 【上海华东师范大学松江实验高级中学2025学年第二学期高三年级3月阶段评估卷】 Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A．anchor    B．comparing    C． calorie    D．charge   E. operator   F. calculate G. insufficient    H. live     I. plug     J. specializing    K. tailor-made Carbon labelling isn’t new, but it is gaining a lot more traction of late - especially when it comes to travel. Carbon labels should be an easy way of 21 products or services to see which are most sustainable at a glance, by providing a comprehensive, numbered footprint. Increasing numbers of businesses across a variety of sectors are getting onboard with the idea. For example, in the last month alone, exercise tracking app Strava announced a new tool to 22 carbon savings from going for runs, walks, cycles and e-bike rides. But perhaps one of the industries in which the concept could be most complicated is travel. It is one of the most carbon-intensive recreational activities any of us will ever take, and one for which the majority of us have 23 ideas of the impact. If you break it all down,which is really worse: an all-inclusive cruise round the Bahamas? Or a trip to an eco-lodge in Costa Rica that involves a 24-hour round-trip on a plane? As an ordinary individual, it feels like an impossible task to figure out if one holiday is “better”than another. Many a pioneering 24 started doing the hard work of measuring the impact of trips, down to the smallest element, and posting the results on their packages several years ago. Much Better Adventures led the 25 , trailing the idea at the beginning of 2021- the first international travel company to do so. “Do I think it will be everywhere? I do,” Sam Bruce, the business’s co-founder, told me at the time. “It should go beyond travel and they should be on all products that we buy; carbon labels should be the new 26 . In Much Better Adventures’ case, the label includes carbon emissions from all local transport, accommodation, activities, guides, staff and office operations. Pura Aventura, 27 in holidays to Latin America, Spain and Portugal, wasn’t far behind, though with a different slant.” The complexity we have is that all our trips are 28 -so we can’t say we’ve got 50 trips and let’s measure the carbon of each one,“said co-founder and CEO Thomas Power.” Every trip is different. You need a 29 tool — so we built it into our database.“ The company doesn’t just measure the trip itself, but includes the travel to get there, door-to-door: ”We want to know where you live, where the airport is, which flight you’re taking,“says Thomas.”We can 30 into the database your postcode, Gatwick airport, your short-haul flight-and then the carbon factor calculates the journey and the amount of carbon produced. 【答案】 21．B 22．F 23．G 24．E 25．D 26．C 27．J 28．K 29．H 30．I 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了碳标签在旅游行业的应用情况。 21．考查动词。句意：碳标签应该是一种通过提供一个全面的、带有数字的碳足迹，让人们一眼就能比较产品或服务，从而看出哪些产品或服务最具可持续性的简单方法。空格前的of是介词，后面接动词时要用动名词形式。根据to see which are most sustainable，这里需要一个表示“比较”的词，comparing符合要求，comparing products or services表示“比较产品或服务”。故选B项。 22．考查动词。句意：例如，仅在上个月，运动追踪应用程序Strava就宣布推出一款新工具，用于计算跑步、散步、骑自行车和骑电动自行车所节省的碳排放量。to后面接动词原形，这里需要一个能和carbon savings搭配的动词，calculate意为“计算”，calculate carbon savings表示“计算碳减排量”，符合语境。故选F项。 23．考查形容词。句意：这是我们所有人参与过的碳密集度最高的休闲活动之一，而且我们大多数人对其影响的了解都不足。ideas是名词，前面需要用形容词修饰。根据后文提到很难判断一次度假是否比另一次“更好”，可知人们对旅行的碳影响了解不够，insufficient表示“不足的”，符合文意。故选G项。 24．考查名词。句意：多年前，许多开拓性的旅游运营商就开始努力测量旅行的影响，直至最小的细节，并将结果标注在他们的旅游套餐上。根据doing the hard work of measuring the impact of trips，这里说的是在旅游行业中做测量旅行影响工作的主体，operator有“经营者，运营商”的意思，travel operator表示“旅游运营商”，符合语境。故选E项。 25．考查名词。句意：Much Better Adventures起了带头作用，在2021年初试行这一理念——它是第一家这样做的国际旅游公司。lead the charge是固定表达，意为“打头阵，带头冲锋”，这里表示该公司在碳标签应用于旅游方面率先做出尝试。故选D项。 26．考查名词。句意：碳标签应该超越旅游领域，出现在我们购买的所有产品上；碳标签应该成为新的“卡路里”标识。calorie意为“卡路里”，现在很多食品等会标注卡路里含量，这里把碳标签和卡路里标识作类比，说明碳标签应该像卡路里标识一样普遍。故选C项。 27．考查动词。句意：Pura Aventura专门提供前往拉丁美洲、西班牙和葡萄牙的度假旅游服务，虽然角度不同，但也紧随其后。specialize in是固定短语，意为“专门从事，擅长”，这里specializing in作后置定语，修饰Pura Aventura，表示该公司的业务范围。故选J项。 28．考查形容词。句意：我们面临的复杂情况是，我们所有的旅行都是量身定制的——所以我们不能说我们有50次旅行，然后去测量每次旅行的碳排放量。根据空格前的are可知，空格处应该用形容词作表语，tailor-made表示“量身定制的”，根据后文Every trip is different可知，该公司的旅行套餐是根据不同客户需求定制的，符合语境。故选K项。 29．考查形容词。句意：你需要一个实时工具——所以我们把它集成到了我们的数据库中。tool是名词，前面用形容词修饰。live在这里表示“实时的”，结合语境，公司需要一个能实时处理数据的工具来计算不同旅行的碳排放量，live tool符合要求。故选H项。 30．考查动词。句意：我们可以将你的邮政编码、盖特威克机场、你的短途航班信息输入数据库——然后碳因子会计算行程和产生的碳排放量。plug...into是固定搭配，意为“把……插入……”，这里表示把相关信息输入数据库，plug符合语境。故选I项。 20 / 20网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $