专题24 情态动词(复习讲义)(全国通用)2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

2026-07-13
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学段 高中
学科 英语
教材版本 -
年级 高三
章节 -
类型 教案-讲义
知识点 情态动词
使用场景 高考复习-一轮复习
学年 2027-2028
地区(省份) 全国
地区(市) -
地区(区县) -
文件格式 ZIP
文件大小 989 KB
发布时间 2026-07-13
更新时间 2026-07-13
作者 爱生活爱英语
品牌系列 上好课·一轮讲练测
审核时间 2026-07-13
下载链接 https://m.zxxk.com/soft/58784989.html
价格 4.00储值(1储值=1元)
来源 学科网

摘要:

该高中英语讲义聚焦情态动词高考核心考点,涵盖定义特征、分类及can/could等具体用法,情态动词+have done和虚拟语气,按命题透视、思维建模、考点精讲、真题溯源逻辑展开,通过知识框架搭建、考点拆解和解题范式归纳,系统助力学生突破难点。 讲义以语篇运用为导向,如对比may/might表推测的可能性差异培养思维品质,结合近三年真题训练提升语言能力,通过思维导图构建知识体系优化学习能力,确保学生高效掌握考点,为教师把控复习节奏提供实用指导。

内容正文:

专题24 情态动词 内容导航 01 命题透视·考情前瞻 对标素养,研判高考命题趋势 02 思维建模·脉络梳理 搭建知识框架,构建系统思维 03 考点精讲·靶向突破 拆解核心考点,归纳解题范式 考点一 情态动词的基本知识 知识解构 知识点1 情态动词的定义 知识点2 情态动词的特征 知识点3 情态动词的分类 考向破译 考向 考查情态动词 考点二 考查情态动词can和could的用法 知识解构 知识点1 表示“能力” 知识点2 could have done表示“本可以做某事” 知识点3 be able to do表示“能够做某事”,不能与 can连用 知识点4 表示请求,许可,意为“可以” 考向破译 考向 考查情态动词can和could的用法 考点三 考查情态动词may和might的用法 知识解构 知识点1 might表“推测”时,可能性比may的可能性小,把握把握不大 知识点2 may/might well do sth意为“很可能”, may/might as well do sth.表示建议,意为“不妨做某事”。 知识点3 …… 考向破译 考向 考查情态动词may和might的用法 考点四 考查情态动词must和have to的用法 知识解构 知识点1 must表示“必须”, mustn't,意为“不允许,禁止 知识点2 must表示“推测” 知识点3 have to表示客观需要,意为“不得不”,否定式为don’t have to 知识点4…… 考向破译 考向 考查情态动词must和have to的用法 考点五 考查情态动词will和would的用法 知识解构 知识点1 will表示主观愿望、意志或决心,would用于过去的习惯性动作,意为“过去常常做某事”。 知识点2 would have done多用于虚拟条件句或含蓄条件句,表示与过去事实相反的假设 知识点3 …… 考向破译 考向 考查情态动词will和would的用法 考点六 情态动词shall, should和ought to的用法 知识解构 知识点1 shall用在第二、三人称陈述句中时,表示说话人的允诺、命令、告诫等 知识点2 …… 考向破译 考向 考查情态动词shall, should和ought to的用法 考点七 考查情态动词need和dare的用法 考点八 情态动词+have done的用法 考点九 情态动词在虚拟语气中的用法 考点十 情态动词思维建模 04 真题溯源·考向感知 溯源真题逻辑,感知高考考向 命题透视·考情前瞻 ——对标素养,研判高考命题趋势 核心考点 2026年 2025年 2024年 情态动词后接动词原形 (2024年1月浙江高考卷) 61.be offered (2024·全国甲卷)45.be done 情态动词的基本用法 (2025年天津一卷)2,1分 Might (2025年天津一卷)4,1分 (2025年天津二卷)14,1分 (2024浙江1月卷)or(2024新课标I卷)or 考情分析 从近三年高考试题来看,试题以语法填空为主,题目难度较小。命题趋势:在语篇中考查学生对有关情态动词及虚拟语气知识的掌握情况,强化语言知识的运用能力和语境理解。在书面表达和读后续写中考查学生的准确使用虚拟语气,让自己语言表达丰富多彩。在听力中,对情态动词的基本用法及表示“判断、推测”是常考点。 复习目标 1.掌握情态动词的基本含义和用法; 2.掌握情态动词+have done的用法; 3.掌握情态动词在虚拟语气中的用法; 4.掌握情态动词的特殊用法; 思维建模·脉络梳理 ——搭建知识框架,构建系统思维 考点精讲·靶向突破 ——拆解核心考点,归纳解题范式 考点一 情态动词的基本知识 知●识●解●构 知识点1 情态动词的定义:情态动词就是用来表达说话人“情绪和态度”的动词。 知识点2 情态动词的特征: 情态动词具有以下四个特征: ①本身有一定的词义。 ②不能单独作谓语,必须与谓语动词的原形一起构成谓语。 ③没有人称和数的变化。 ④情态动词的否定式直接在其后面加“not”,疑问式把情态动词提到主语之前。 知识点3 情态动词的分类: 情态动词可分为以下四类: ①只作情态动词:can(could),may(might),must,ought to。 ②可作情态动词又可作助动词:shall(should),will(would)。 ③可作情态动词又可作实义动词:need,dare。 ④具有情态动词特征:have to,used to 考●向●破●译 考向 考查情态动词 1.The man standing at the gate be our new headmaster, because I saw him in the office just now. 2.He is a bad­tempered man, but he be quite kind and patient sometimes. 3. Her appearance has changed so much that you well not recognize her. 4. Johnny, you not play with the knife. you hurt yourself. 5. No reader take a book out of the library without permission of the librarian. 考点二 考查情态动词can和could的用法 知●识●解●构 知识点1 表示“能力”时,can表示现在的能力,could表示过去的能力。 1.Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, easily reach the books on the top shelf. 2.I lived with my brother this winter and didn’t have to pay rent. So I save most of my salary. 知识点2 could have done表示“本可以做某事”;couldn’t have done表示“不可能做了某事”。 1.Mike (find) his car, for he came to work by bus this morning. 2.You could (claim) the cost of the hotel room from your insurance, but you didn’t. 知识点3 be able to do表示“能够做某事”,不能与 can连用,但有更多时态。was/were able to do 表示过去能够而且做到了某事。 I am able to (can) do the work. 我能做这项工作。 I was able to (could) do the work. 我过去能做这项工作。 I will be able to do the work. 我将来能做这项工作。 I have been able to do the work. 我已经能做这件事。 知识点4 表示请求,许可,意为“可以”,could语气更加委婉。 You can use my dictionary. 你可以用我的字典。 Can I use your dictionary? 我可以用你的字典吗? Could I use your dictionary? 我可以用你的字典吗? 考●向●破●译 考向 考查情态动词can和could的用法 1.Only by talking face to face we have the chance to persuade him to change his mind. 2.(2021·天津高考)It used to be that you ________ drive for miles here without seeing another person, but now there are houses and people everywhere. 3.(2026·上海市南洋中学高三期中)“My daughter is very interested in this desktop pet robot, and we plan to get one for her”, said Li Qing, who visited the expo with her six-year-old. The product is a kitten-like robot that engage in conversation and display a range of expressions. 4.(2026·上海市格致中学高三月考)For example, if an alien species was searching for life outside of their planet, one of the ways they tell Earth hosted life is because of the presence of biosignatures, such as oxygen. Individual organisms like plants on Earth produce oxygen through photosynthesis. 5.I can’t find Mr. Smith anywhere in the office building. Where he have gone? 6.I never thank you too much. I owe my progress to you. (情态动词) 考点三 考查情态动词may和might的用法 知●识●解●构 知识点1 might表“推测”时,可能性比may的可能性小,把握把握不大。may/might have done表示“可能已经做了某事”,但是把握不大。 1.Whatever your field be, it’s very important to create a good habit to read beyond your horizons. 2.—I honestly don’t think I’m going to be admitted. —Well, you never know! You have made a better impression than you think. 知识点2 may/might well do sth意为“很可能”, may/might as well do sth.表示建议,意为“不妨做某事”。 You may as well stay where you are if you get lost. 要是迷路了,你还不如待在原地。 You might as well go for a walk every morning to keep fit.每天早上不妨去散散步,保持身体健康。 We as well take the subway to get there since the traffic is so bad. 知识点3 表示请求对方许可或允许对方做某事(用法同can), might 为委婉形式,“可以”。 -Might/ May I trouble you with question? -Yes, you may/can. -No, you can’t. The reporter said we might ask him any question. 知识点4 may用于祈使句,表"祝愿" May you both be happy!祝你们俩幸福! May you succeed! 祝你成功! 考●向●破●译 考向 考查情态动词may和might的用法 1.They cause discomfort, but try to challenge these worries and replace them with more helpful thoughts. (用情态动词填空) 2.The road is slippery after the rain. I be a little late for the appointment, so please wait for me. (用适当的词填空) 3.They have missed the plane, or perhaps they have been prevented from coming for some reason. (用适当的词填空) 考点四 情态动词must和have to的用法 知●识●解●构 知识点1 must表示“必须”,强调说话人的主观态度,否定式为mustn't,意为“不允许,禁止”。 The school has made it a rule that students not use mobile phones in class. (用适当的词填空) 知识点2 must表示“推测”,意为“一定是,准是",只用于肯定句中。must be doing肯定正在做某事;must have done表示对过去发生的事情肯定判断,表示“肯定已经做了”。 She have earned a lot of money, for she bought a second new car yesterday. (用适当的词填空) 知识点3 have to表示客观需要,意为“不得不”,否定式为don’t have to,相当于needn't。 I don’t want to do so much homework at weekend, but I have .(用适当的词填空) 知识点4 must表示“偏要”,指说话人对发生的事情表示不满。用于表达说话人对某人固执行为或不合时宜的情况的不满、不耐烦或责备,强调“对方偏偏要这样做”,隐含“本不该如此却执意为之”的情绪。 Why you always interrupt me when I am doing my homework? (用适当的词填空) 考●向●破●译 考向 考查情态动词must和have to的用法 1. you work at such a late hour? You are killing me with that noise. (用适当的词填空) 2.He have passed the exam; otherwise, he wouldn’t be so happy. 3.The room is spotless. Someone (clean) it thoroughly before we arrived. (所给词的适当形式填空) 4.But grocery store bread stay fresh during long shipping and storage times. So companies often put a chemical preservative in it. (用适当的词填空) 5.—Tomorrow is a holiday. Why are you doing your homework? —I am doing these exercises now so that I won’t have on Sunday. 考点五 情态动词will和would的用法 知●识●解●构 知识点1 will表示主观愿望、意志或决心,would用于过去的习惯性动作,意为“过去常常做某事”。 1.It was said that the old lady sit under the big tree, waiting for her son to return from the front. (情态动词) 2.—Thank you for inviting us. Tell your wife that she gave us a perfect party. —I . See you later. (用适当的情态动词填空) 知识点2 would have done多用于虚拟条件句或含蓄条件句,表示与过去事实相反的假设。 It’s a pity that you were late, otherwise you (see) the star from Korea. 知识点3 would用于否定句可以表示顽固倾向,意为“老是不”“总是不”。另外,would do还可以表示过去将来时; 知识点4 will表示“请求”,常用于第二人称疑问句中,would比will语气更委婉。 知识点5 will和would用于第二人称的疑问句中,would表示委婉语气。 考●向●破●译 考向 考查情态动词will和would的用法 1.Tina (lie) on the grass observing stars when she was young. 2.I want to tell you that I rather die than give in to these selfish people. (用适当的词填空) 3.We lost our way in that small village; otherwise we would (visit) more places of interest yesterday. 考点六 情态动词shall, should和ought to的用法 知●识●解●构 知识点1 shall用在第二、三人称陈述句中时,表示说话人的允诺、命令、告诫等。 It has been announced that candidates remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected. 知识点2 should表示“推测”,常意为“按道理说应该”;should还可以表示说话人的惊奇、愤怒、失望等,多用于It is necessary that…句型。 As a parent, it is vital that you ___________ (teach) your child the value of money. 知识点3 should have done表示“本应该做某事而没有做”,否定式则表示在“本不该做某事但已经做了”。 Only when the results came out did he realize that he should (devote) himself to his studies, but it was too late. 知识点4 should/ought to表示责任,义务,意为“应该”,否定式为should not/ ought not to。 (2026·上海市卢湾高级中学高三期中)In group work, teachers assign the students particular roles, for example one student might be a scribe (抄写员) and another one might be in charge of a particular device. 知识点5 should有“竟然”之意,表示惊讶。 You can’t imagine a well-behaved man be so rude to a lady. (情态动词) 考●向●破●译 考向 考查情态动词shall, should和ought to的用法 1.One of our rules is that every student wear school uniforms while at school. 2.If a wisdom tooth brings you too much pain, you go to a dentist (牙医) and have it pulled out.   3.We have studied last night, but we went to the concert instead. 4.Remember, however, that you should usually consult different types of sources. That is, you always rely just on the Internet for your research. 5.They request that all the cleaning work (finish) this morning. 6.You shouldn’t (interrupt) the meeting to tell me that; you could have come to tell me afterward. 7.To motivate your employees better, you _________ figure out what they want and how you can give that to them for doing what you want them to do. (用适当的词填空) 考点七 考查情态动词need和dare的用法 知●识●解●构 知识点1 need用作情态动词,多用于否定句、疑问句,后接动词原形。needn’t have done表示“本没必要做某事但实际上做了”。 You (come) all the way to my office; I could have sent you the documents by email. 知识点2 need用作实意动词,接名词、代词、不定式作宾语。need doing=need to be done表示需要做。 知识点3 dare用作情态动词,多用于否定句、疑问句,只有dare和dared两种形式。I dare say...意为“我想,大概,可能,或许……”。 But there are still some dishes that Dad not try even after many years of marriage to my mother. 知识点4 dare用作实意动词,接名不定式作宾语。 考●向●破●译 考向 考查情态动词need和dare的用法 1.I actually have bought so much food — only three people came. 2.The weather turned out to be fine yesterday. I needn't (take)my umbrella with me. 3.There are over 50,000 characters in modern Chinese but luckily, Chinese children not learn all of them for everyday purpose. 4.He doesn't dare _________(go) home alone at night. 考点八 情态动词+have done的用法 知●识●解●构 知识点1 can’t have done表示“不可能做了某事”。 知识点2 could have done用于肯定句,表示“本可以做某事”。couldn’t have done表示“不可能做了某事”。 知识点3 may/might have done用于肯定或否定句中,表示对过去的推测,意思是“也许已经┅,可能已经…”。 知识点4 must have done只用于肯定句,表示对过去的推测,意思是“一定已经,想必已经,准是已经….”。 知识点5 should/ought to have done表示“本应该做某事而没有做”; shouldn’t have done表示在“本不该做某事但已经做了”。 知识点6 needn’t have done表示“作了不必做或不需要做的事”。 考●向●破●译 考向 考查情态动词+have done的用法 1.Using supercomputer, many labs are now conducting experiments that couldn’t (be) possible in the past. 2.5Jack described his father, who have been a brave boy many years ago, as a strong-willed man. 3.Susan hasn’t arrived yet. She (miss) the train, as there’s usually heavy traffic at this time. 4.He have finished writing the paper. He hadn’t written a single word when I left him fifty minutes ago. 考点九 情态动词在虚拟语气中的用法 知●识●解●构 知识点1 if虚拟条件句的用法 场合 从句谓语动词形式 主句谓语形式 与现在事实相反 动词过去式(be用were) would / could / should / might+ 动词原形 与过去事实相反 had +动词过去分词 would/ could / should / might have done 与将来事实相反 1.动词过去式(be用were) 2.were to + 动词原形 3.should + 动词原形 would / could / should / might + 动词原形 知识点2 从句谓语用“(should)+动词原形”的情况 ① (坚持insist命令order, command建议advise, suggest, recommend要求demand, desire, require, request)接从句谓语用should+动词原形,且should可以省略。但应注意insist表示“坚持说”,suggest表示“暗示,表明”时,后接宾语从句应用陈述语气。 It is suggested that the meeting should be put off till next week. ②名词(order, command, advice, suggestion, requirement等)后接从句,该从句谓语动词用should+动词原形,且should可以省略。 We agreed to the order that the task (should) be completed at 5 o'clock. ③It is necessary/strange/ impossible..that..从句谓语用should+动词原形,且should可以省略。若从句涉及已经发生的动作,则应用should have done。 It is strange that he should have acted toward his parents like that. 知识点3 特殊句型中虚拟语气的用法 ①I wish that…从句与过去、现在、将来事实相反,分别用had done, did, would/could do。 I wish 从句结构 示例 与现在事实相反 一般过去式 I wish it were autumn now. 与过去事实相反 过去完成式 He wished he had not lost the chance. 与将来事实相反 would+动词原形 I wish you would come soon. ②if only表示“如果……该多好”,as if/though表示“好像”,从句虚拟用法同上。 ③I would rather that…从句与过去事实相反用过去完成时,与现在、将来相反用一般过去时。 ④It is high/about time that..后面常用did或should do, should不能省,意为“早该……”。 知识点4 情态动词后跟完成式虚拟语气的用法 分类 形式 用法 对过去情况的后悔、遗憾或责备等 needn't have done 过去没有必要做……但实际上做了 should/ought to have done 过去本应该做……而实际上并未做 would have done 本来会做……而未做 could have done 本来可以做……但是实际没有做 考●向●破●译 考向 考查情态动词在虚拟语气中的用法 1.(2026·上海月考)My suggestion is that the problem (discuss) at the meeting as soon as possible. 2.The expert suggested that if students (pay) more attention to accumulating English vocabulary in daily life, their reading comprehension ability would improve significantly. 3.I have worried before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly to me. 4.But for the abundant English reading materials provided by the school library, the students (broaden) their horizons and improved their reading speed significantly last semester. 6.(2026·陕西省西安高新第一中学月考)It is desired that accurate and timely weather warnings (transmit) to all coastal communities before the storm arrives. 考点十 情态动词思维建模 思维建模 ✅ 技巧1:熟练掌握情态动词的基本用法:情态动词+动词原形。 ✅ 技巧2:根据具体的语境判断使用相应的情态动词。 ✅ 技巧3:注意情态动词的特殊用法。例如should“竟然”。 ✅ 技巧4:近年来情态动词与动词时态、语态联考是重点。 ✅ 技巧5:根据具体语境恰当使用情态动词和虚拟语气表达自己的思想感情,尤其是在写作中。 真题溯源·考向感知 ——溯源真题逻辑,感知高考考向 单句填空 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1.(2026年天津一卷)2.You’d better check the airport arrangement first, because the flight ______ be cancelled due to heavy rain before you leave. A. shouldn’t B. needn’t C. might D. must 2.(2025年天津一卷)4.You________ rush to finish the report. The deadline has been extended. A.couldn’t B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.wouldn’t 3.(2025年天津二卷)14.No reader________remove a book from the library without permission. A.would B.might C.shall D.need 4.(2024年1月浙江高考卷) However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes 61 (offer) in smaller packs. Even the biggest sausage fan doesn’t want to eat them every day. 5.(2024·全国甲卷)What should 45 (do)with such a beautiful place? 6.(2023年全国甲卷) Carson proves that a simple literary form that has been passed down through the ages can still ______ (employ) today to draw attention to important truths.  1 / 19 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $ 专题24 情态动词 内容导航 01 命题透视·考情前瞻 对标素养,研判高考命题趋势 02 思维建模·脉络梳理 搭建知识框架,构建系统思维 03 考点精讲·靶向突破 拆解核心考点,归纳解题范式 考点一 情态动词的基本知识 知识解构 知识点1 情态动词的定义 知识点2 情态动词的特征 知识点3 情态动词的分类 考向破译 考向 考查情态动词 考点二 考查情态动词can和could的用法 知识解构 知识点1 表示“能力” 知识点2 could have done表示“本可以做某事” 知识点3 be able to do表示“能够做某事”,不能与 can连用 知识点4 表示请求,许可,意为“可以” 考向破译 考向 考查情态动词can和could的用法 考点三 考查情态动词may和might的用法 知识解构 知识点1 might表“推测”时,可能性比may的可能性小,把握把握不大 知识点2 may/might well do sth意为“很可能”, may/might as well do sth.表示建议,意为“不妨做某事”。 知识点3 …… 考向破译 考向 考查情态动词may和might的用法 考点四 考查情态动词must和have to的用法 知识解构 知识点1 must表示“必须”, mustn't,意为“不允许,禁止 知识点2 must表示“推测” 知识点3 have to表示客观需要,意为“不得不”,否定式为don’t have to 知识点4…… 考向破译 考向 考查情态动词must和have to的用法 考点五 考查情态动词will和would的用法 知识解构 知识点1 will表示主观愿望、意志或决心,would用于过去的习惯性动作,意为“过去常常做某事”。 知识点2 would have done多用于虚拟条件句或含蓄条件句,表示与过去事实相反的假设 知识点3 …… 考向破译 考向 考查情态动词will和would的用法 考点六 情态动词shall, should和ought to的用法 知识解构 知识点1 shall用在第二、三人称陈述句中时,表示说话人的允诺、命令、告诫等 知识点2 …… 考向破译 考向 考查情态动词shall, should和ought to的用法 考点七 考查情态动词need和dare的用法 考点八 情态动词+have done的用法 考点九 情态动词在虚拟语气中的用法 考点十 情态动词思维建模 04 真题溯源·考向感知 溯源真题逻辑,感知高考考向 命题透视·考情前瞻 ——对标素养,研判高考命题趋势 核心考点 2026年 2025年 2024年 情态动词后接动词原形 (2024年1月浙江高考卷) 61.be offered (2024·全国甲卷)45.be done 情态动词的基本用法 (2025年天津一卷)2,1分 Might (2025年天津一卷)4,1分 (2025年天津二卷)14,1分 (2024浙江1月卷)or(2024新课标I卷)or 考情分析 从近三年高考试题来看,试题以语法填空为主,题目难度较小。命题趋势:在语篇中考查学生对有关情态动词及虚拟语气知识的掌握情况,强化语言知识的运用能力和语境理解。在书面表达和读后续写中考查学生的准确使用虚拟语气,让自己语言表达丰富多彩。在听力中,对情态动词的基本用法及表示“判断、推测”是常考点。 复习目标 1.掌握情态动词的基本含义和用法; 2.掌握情态动词+have done的用法; 3.掌握情态动词在虚拟语气中的用法; 4.掌握情态动词的特殊用法; 思维建模·脉络梳理 ——搭建知识框架,构建系统思维 考点精讲·靶向突破 ——拆解核心考点,归纳解题范式 考点一 情态动词的基本知识 知●识●解●构 知识点1 情态动词的定义:情态动词就是用来表达说话人“情绪和态度”的动词。 知识点2 情态动词的特征: 情态动词具有以下四个特征: ①本身有一定的词义。 ②不能单独作谓语,必须与谓语动词的原形一起构成谓语。 ③没有人称和数的变化。 ④情态动词的否定式直接在其后面加“not”,疑问式把情态动词提到主语之前。 知识点3 情态动词的分类: 情态动词可分为以下四类: ①只作情态动词:can(could),may(might),must,ought to。 ②可作情态动词又可作助动词:shall(should),will(would)。 ③可作情态动词又可作实义动词:need,dare。 ④具有情态动词特征:have to,used to 考●向●破●译 考向 考查情态动词 1.The man standing at the gate be our new headmaster, because I saw him in the office just now. 【答案】can’t 【解析】句意:站在门口的那个男人不可能是我们的新校长,因为我刚才在办公室看见他了。根据后半句语境提供的明确依据,此处表示有把握的否定推测,用can’t表示“不可能”。 2.He is a bad­tempered man, but he be quite kind and patient sometimes. 【答案】can 【解析】句意:他是个脾气暴躁的人,但有时也会很友善、很有耐心。根据“sometimes”可知,此处表示客观上的可能性,即“有时确实会/有时会”,can可以用于肯定句中表示理论上的可能性或偶然发生的情况。 3. Her appearance has changed so much that you well not recognize her. 【答案】may/might 【解析】考查情态动词。句意:她的外貌变化太大了,你很可能认不出她来。may/might well“很可能”,固定短语,故填may/might。 4. Johnny, you not play with the knife. you hurt yourself. 【答案】must, may 【解析】考查情态动词。句意:强尼,你不能玩刀子。你可能会伤到自己。分析句子可知,第一空表示的是禁止做某事,禁止玩刀,所以应用must not;第二空表推测,说玩刀也许会伤到自己,所以应用may。故填must;may。 5. No reader take a book out of the library without permission of the librarian. 【答案】shall 【解析】考查情态动词。句意:未经图书管理员许可,任何读者不得将书带出图书馆。空处表示“禁止,不得”,应用情态动词shall,用于第二、三人称时,表示命令、威胁、许诺、警告、规定等。故填shall。 考点二 考查情态动词can和could的用法 知●识●解●构 知识点1 表示“能力”时,can表示现在的能力,could表示过去的能力。 1.Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, easily reach the books on the top shelf. 【答案】can 【解析】考查情态动词。句意:班里最高的男孩塞缪尔可以很容易地够到书架顶部的书。够到书架顶部的书对高个子男孩来说是一种客观能力,应填can “能够,可以”。故填can。 2.I lived with my brother this winter and didn’t have to pay rent. So I save most of my salary. 【答案】could 【解析】考查情态动词。句意:今年冬天我和我哥哥住在一起,不用付房租。这样我就可以把大部分工资存起来了。后跟动词原形,表示“可以,能”应用can,结合lived可知为一般过去时。故填could。 知识点2 could have done表示“本可以做某事”;couldn’t have done表示“不可能做了某事”。 1.Mike (find) his car, for he came to work by bus this morning. 【答案】can’t have found 【解析】考查情态动词+have done。句意:迈克不可能找到他的车了,因为他今天早上是坐公交车来上班的。“for he came to work by bus this morning”表明迈克没有找到车,且是对过去发生事情的否定推测,用情态动词can’t+have done表示“不可能做过某事”。故填can’t have found。 2.You could (claim) the cost of the hotel room from your insurance, but you didn’t. 【答案】have claimed 【解析】考查情态动词+have done的用法。句意:你本可以从你的保险中索取旅馆住房费,但是你没有。根据“but you didn’t”可知此句表示“本可以做某事,但实际上没做”,应用could have done结构,故填have claimed。 知识点3 be able to do表示“能够做某事”,不能与 can连用,但有更多时态。was/were able to do 表示过去能够而且做到了某事。 I am able to (can) do the work. 我能做这项工作。 I was able to (could) do the work. 我过去能做这项工作。 I will be able to do the work. 我将来能做这项工作。 I have been able to do the work. 我已经能做这件事。 知识点4 表示请求,许可,意为“可以”,could语气更加委婉。 You can use my dictionary. 你可以用我的字典。 Can I use your dictionary? 我可以用你的字典吗? Could I use your dictionary? 我可以用你的字典吗? 考●向●破●译 考向 考查情态动词can和could的用法 1.Only by talking face to face we have the chance to persuade him to change his mind. 【答案】can 【解析】考查情态动词。句意:只有通过面对面交谈,我们才有机会说服他改变主意。根据句意和句子结构可知,此处应用情态动词can“能够”表示可能性,和动词原形have构成复合谓语,only+状语位于句首,句子使用部分倒装,把情态动词can提到了主语we的前面。故填can。 2.(2021·天津高考)It used to be that you ________ drive for miles here without seeing another person, but now there are houses and people everywhere. 【答案】could 【解析】查情态动词。句意:以前你可能在这里开车走了几英里,都看不到人,但现在到处都是房子和人。此处表示对过去情况的推测,意为“可能”,应用could。故填could。 3.(2026·上海市南洋中学高三期中)“My daughter is very interested in this desktop pet robot, and we plan to get one for her”, said Li Qing, who visited the expo with her six-year-old. The product is a kitten-like robot that engage in conversation and display a range of expressions. 【答案】can 【解析】考查情态动词。句意:该产品是一款小猫外形的机器人,能够进行对话并展现多种表情。此处表示机器人具备的功能,意为“能够对话”,用情态动词can,意为“能够、可以”。故填can。 4.(2026·上海市格致中学高三月考)For example, if an alien species was searching for life outside of their planet, one of the ways they tell Earth hosted life is because of the presence of biosignatures, such as oxygen. Individual organisms like plants on Earth produce oxygen through photosynthesis. 【答案】could 【解析】考查情态动词。句意:例如,如果一个外星物种正在他们的星球之外寻找生命,他们能判断地球上有生命存在的方式之一就是因为存在生物特征,比如氧气。根据was searching和tell Earth hosted life可知,此处表示“过去的能力”,用情态动词could。故填could。 5.I can’t find Mr. Smith anywhere in the office building. Where he have gone? 【答案】can 【解析】考查情态动词。句意:我在办公楼里找不到史密斯先生。他可能去哪儿了呢?根据“I can’t find Mr. Smith anywhere in the office building. ”可知,问句表示的是“史密斯先生可能去了哪里呢?”,“can+have+done”表示对过去行为的怀疑,用于疑问句,译成“可能做过……吗?”,故填can。 6.I never thank you too much. I owe my progress to you. (情态动词) 【答案】can 【解析】考查情态动词。句意:我再怎么感谢你都不为过。我的进步归功于你。分析句子可知,这里考查固定表达“can never...too much”,意思是“再…… 也不为过”,符合语境。故填can。 考点三 考查情态动词may和might的用法 知●识●解●构 知识点1 might表“推测”时,可能性比may的可能性小,把握把握不大。may/might have done表示“可能已经做了某事”,但是把握不大。 1.Whatever your field be, it’s very important to create a good habit to read beyond your horizons. 【答案】may/might 【解析】考查情态动词。句意:无论你的领域可能是什么,养成阅读超出领域范围的东西的好习惯是非常重要的。根据句意可知,此处表示“也许, 可能”,故填may/might。 2.—I honestly don’t think I’m going to be admitted. —Well, you never know! You have made a better impression than you think. 【答案】may/might 【解析】考查情态动词用法。句意:——我真的以为我不会被录取的。——你不知道!你给别人留下的印象可能比你想象的要好。根据“have made a better impression than you think”可知,此处是指你给别人留下的印象可能比你想象的要好,所以应用情态动词may或might表示“可能”,此处是对过去的推测。故填may/might。 知识点2 may/might well do sth意为“很可能”, may/might as well do sth.表示建议,意为“不妨做某事”。 You may as well stay where you are if you get lost. 要是迷路了,你还不如待在原地。 You might as well go for a walk every morning to keep fit.每天早上不妨去散散步,保持身体健康。 We as well take the subway to get there since the traffic is so bad. 【答案】may/might 【解析】考查情态动词。句意:既然交通如此拥挤,我们还是乘地铁去吧。此处是固定搭配:may as well或者might as well‌意为“只好(做);(做……)也无妨”。故填may或者might。 知识点3 表示请求对方许可或允许对方做某事(用法同can), might 为委婉形式,“可以”。 -Might/ May I trouble you with question? -Yes, you may/can. -No, you can’t. The reporter said we might ask him any question. 知识点4 may用于祈使句,表"祝愿" May you both be happy!祝你们俩幸福! May you succeed! 祝你成功! 考●向●破●译 考向 考查情态动词may和might的用法 1.They cause discomfort, but try to challenge these worries and replace them with more helpful thoughts. (用情态动词填空) 【答案】may 【解析】考查情态动词。句意:它们可能会引起不适,但要努力挑战这些担忧,并用更有帮助的想法来取代它们。根据句意,“cause discomfort”表示一种可能性,用情态动词“may”表“可能”,符合语境。故填may。 2.The road is slippery after the rain. I be a little late for the appointment, so please wait for me. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】might/may 【详解】句意:雨后路面很滑。我可能会因为这个原因而晚点到达约会地点,所以请等我一下。此处表示推测、可能性可用might或may。 3.They have missed the plane, or perhaps they have been prevented from coming for some reason. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】may 【详解】考查情态动词。句意:他们可能错过了飞机,或者由于某种原因被阻止来。由“or perhaps they have been prevented from coming for some reason”可知,句子表示“他们可能错过了飞机,或者由于某种原因被阻止来”,空格处是对过去的推测,表示“可能做过某事”,是may have done,因此空格处是may,故填may。 考点四 情态动词must和have to的用法 知●识●解●构 知识点1 must表示“必须”,强调说话人的主观态度,否定式为mustn't,意为“不允许,禁止”。 The school has made it a rule that students not use mobile phones in class. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】must 【解析】考查情态动词。句意:学校规定,学生禁止在课堂中使用手机。结合句意可知,学校已经明确规定;结合生活常识可知,学生在上课过程中应该是“禁止”使用手机。表示“禁止”为情态动词mustn’t。故填must。 知识点2 must表示“推测”,意为“一定是,准是",只用于肯定句中。must be doing肯定正在做某事;must have done表示对过去发生的事情肯定判断,表示“肯定已经做了”。 She have earned a lot of money, for she bought a second new car yesterday. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】must 【解析】考查情态动词表推测。句意:她一定挣了很多钱,因为她昨天又买了一辆新车。解析:根据“for she bought a second new car yesterday”(因为她昨天又买了一辆新车)可知,这是基于她买车这一事实对她挣钱情况的肯定推测。must have done表示对过去事情的肯定推测,意为“一定做过某事” ,must在句中表达这种强烈的肯定推测语气。故填must。 知识点3 have to表示客观需要,意为“不得不”,否定式为don’t have to,相当于needn't。 I don’t want to do so much homework at weekend, but I have .(用适当的词填空) 【答案】to 【解析】考查固定搭配。句意:我不想在周末做那么多作业,但是我不得不做。have to意为“不得不”,此处but引导的从句省略了do homework,只保留了I和have to。故填to。 知识点4 must表示“偏要”,指说话人对发生的事情表示不满。用于表达说话人对某人固执行为或不合时宜的情况的不满、不耐烦或责备,强调“对方偏偏要这样做”,隐含“本不该如此却执意为之”的情绪。 Why you always interrupt me when I am doing my homework? (用适当的词填空) 【答案】must 【解析】句意:为什么我做作业的时候你总是要打断我?句子强调对方在自己做作业这个特定时间总是打断自己这一行为,带有一种抱怨的语气,应用情态动词must表示“偏偏、非得”,用来表达说话人对对方反复做某事的厌烦情绪。 考●向●破●译 考向 考查情态动词must和have to的用法 1. you work at such a late hour? You are killing me with that noise. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】Must 【解析】句意:你非得这么晚还在工作吗?你的噪音快把我逼疯了!情态动词 must 用于疑问句时,常带有不满、抱怨、恼火的情绪,意为“偏偏、非得、非要”,用来指责对方做出令人不快的行为。 2.He have passed the exam; otherwise, he wouldn’t be so happy. 【答案】must 【解析】此处表示他一定通过考试了。must表推测,表示“一定”。用must. 3.The room is spotless. Someone (clean) it thoroughly before we arrived. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】must have cleaned 【解析】考查情态动词表推测。 句意:这个房间一尘不染。我们到达之前,一定有人把它彻底打扫过了。 根据前句 “The room is spotless”的语境,可推测此处是对过去发生事情的肯定推测,用must have done结构。 故填must have cleaned。 4.But grocery store bread stay fresh during long shipping and storage times. So companies often put a chemical preservative in it. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】must 【解析】考查情态动词。句意:但是食品杂货店的面包必须在漫长的运输和贮存期间保持新鲜度。分析句子结构可知,bread是句子的主语且是单数形式,而空格后动词stay用了动词原形。换言之,空格要填上一个词使得stay保持形式不变,考虑情态动词。再分析句意,长时间的运输和贮存肯定会使面包失去新鲜度,因此就得想办法让它保持新鲜。must语气最强烈。故填must。 5.—Tomorrow is a holiday. Why are you doing your homework? —I am doing these exercises now so that I won’t have on Sunday. 【答案】to 【解析】考查have to的用法。句意:——明天是假期。你为什么在做作业?——我现在在做这些练习,这样星期天就不用做了。have to do,不得不做、必须做,此处省略了to之后的内容。故填to。 考点五 情态动词will和would的用法 知●识●解●构 知识点1 will表示主观愿望、意志或决心,would用于过去的习惯性动作,意为“过去常常做某事”。 1.It was said that the old lady sit under the big tree, waiting for her son to return from the front. (情态动词) 【答案】would 【解析】考查情态动词。句意:据说那位老太太总会坐在大树下,等着儿子从前线回来。结合句意可知,此处表示过去反复进行的动作,应用情态动词would。故填would。 2.—Thank you for inviting us. Tell your wife that she gave us a perfect party. —I . See you later. (用适当的情态动词填空) 【答案】will 【解析】考查情态动词的用法。句意:——谢谢你邀请我们。告诉你妻子,她给我们办了一个完美的派对。——我会的。再见。“Tell your wife that she gave us a perfect party.”为祈使句,是请求对方做事,回答的人表示自己愿意遵从对方的意愿,表示现在的意愿应用情态动词will。故填will。 知识点2 would have done多用于虚拟条件句或含蓄条件句,表示与过去事实相反的假设。 It’s a pity that you were late, otherwise you (see) the star from Korea. 【答案】would have seen 【解析】考查虚拟语气、情态动词+have done。句意:很遗憾你迟到了,否则你就会见到那位来自韩国的明星了。otherwise意为 “否则,要不然”,在这里引导含蓄虚拟条件句。根据It’s a pity that you were late可知,句子表示与过去事实相反的假设(因为已经迟到了,所以实际上没有见到明星)。对于与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,主句的谓语动词要用“would/could/might/should + have done”的形式 ,此处表示“本来会……”,用 would have done结构,see“见到”的过去分词为seen。故填would have seen。 知识点3 would用于否定句可以表示顽固倾向,意为“老是不”“总是不”。另外,would do还可以表示过去将来时; 知识点4 will表示“请求”,常用于第二人称疑问句中,would比will语气更委婉。 知识点5 will和would用于第二人称的疑问句中,would表示委婉语气。 考●向●破●译 考向 考查情态动词will和would的用法 1.Tina (lie) on the grass observing stars when she was young. 【答案】would lie 【解析】考查情态动词。句意:蒂娜年轻时会躺在草地上看星星。根据时间状语“when she was young”可知,lie是过去常做的行为,would作情态动词,它常用于表示意愿、请求、假设或过去习惯性的行为,情态动词+动词原形。故填would lie。 2.I want to tell you that I rather die than give in to these selfish people. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】would 【解析】考查固定短语。句意:我想告诉你,我宁死也不向这些自私的人屈服。would rather do than do“宁愿做,而不愿做”,固定短语,故填would。 3.We lost our way in that small village; otherwise we would (visit) more places of interest yesterday. 【答案】have visited 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意:我们在那个小村子迷路了,否则昨天我们会参观更多的名胜古迹。结合语境和otherwise可知,此处为含蓄虚拟语气,陈述与过去相反的事实,表示“本会做某事(而未做)”应用would have done。故填have visited。 考点六 情态动词shall, should和ought to的用法 知●识●解●构 知识点1 shall用在第二、三人称陈述句中时,表示说话人的允诺、命令、告诫等。 It has been announced that candidates remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected. 【答案】shall 【解析】考查情态动词。句意:已宣布,候选人必须留在座位上,直到所有试卷被收集完毕。shall用于条约、规定、法令、法律等,意为“必须”。故填shall。 知识点2 should表示“推测”,常意为“按道理说应该”;should还可以表示说话人的惊奇、愤怒、失望等,多用于It is necessary that…句型。 As a parent, it is vital that you ___________ (teach) your child the value of money. 【答案】should teach/teach 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意:作为父母,教导孩子金钱的价值是至关重要的。it is vital that sb. (should) do sth.是固定句型,意为“某人做某事是至关重要的”,其中it是形式主语,that引导的是主语从句,因此空格处使用虚拟语气,为(should) teach,故填(should) teach。 知识点3 should have done表示“本应该做某事而没有做”,否定式则表示在“本不该做某事但已经做了”。 Only when the results came out did he realize that he should (devote) himself to his studies, but it was too late. 【答案】have devoted 【解析】考查情态动词+have done用法。句意:只有当结果出来的时候,他才意识到他本应该全身心地投入到他的研究中,但是已经太晚了。结合句意可知,此处表达“本应该做某事而未做”应用should have done。故填have devoted。 知识点4 should/ought to表示责任,义务,意为“应该”,否定式为should not/ ought not to。 (2026·上海市卢湾高级中学高三期中)In group work, teachers assign the students particular roles, for example one student might be a scribe (抄写员) and another one might be in charge of a particular device. 【答案】should 【解析】考查情态动词。句意:在小组合作中,老师应该给学生分配特定的角色,例如,一个学生可以是抄写员,另一个学生可以负责一种特定的设备。根据语境,这里是在提出建议,表达“应该”的意思,所以用情态动词should。故填should。 知识点5 should有“竟然”之意,表示惊讶。 You can’t imagine a well-behaved man be so rude to a lady. (情态动词) 【答案】should 【解析】考查should用法。句意:你无法想象一个彬彬有礼的男人竟然对一位女士如此粗鲁。结合句意可知,此处表示“竟然”,使用情态动词should,故填should。 考●向●破●译 考向 考查情态动词shall, should和ought to的用法 1.One of our rules is that every student wear school uniforms while at school. 【答案】shall 【解析】考查情态动词。句意:我们的规定之一是每个学生上学时都必须穿校服。根据句意,“每个学生上学时都必须穿校服”是一种必须,用情态动词shall表示“命令或规定”。故填shall。 2.If a wisdom tooth brings you too much pain, you go to a dentist (牙医) and have it pulled out.   【答案】should 【解析】考查情态动词。句意:如果一颗智齿给你带来太多疼痛,你应该去看牙医并把它拔掉。根据常识,当智齿带来太多疼痛时,应该去看牙医并拔掉,用情态动词should表示“应该”,符合语境。故填should。 3.We have studied last night, but we went to the concert instead. 【答案】should 【解析】考查情态动词。句意:我们昨晚本应该学习的,但我们却去听音乐会了。表示“本应该却没有”短语为should have done。故填should。 4.Remember, however, that you should usually consult different types of sources. That is, you always rely just on the Internet for your research. 【答案】shouldn’t 【解析】考查情态动词的否定形式。句意:但是,请记住,您通常应该参考不同类型的资料来源。也就是说,你不应该总是仅仅依赖互联网来做研究。根据前文you should usually consult different types of sources. 可知,后文always rely just on the Internet for your research是对前一句的进一步解释,空处应用should的否定形式shouldn’t表示“不应该”。故填shouldn’t。 5.They request that all the cleaning work (finish) this morning. 【答案】should be finished/be finished 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意:他们要求今天早上所有的清洁工作应该被完成。request表示“要求”,后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气,即谓语部分使用“(should)+动词原形”,且work和finish之间是被动关系。故答案为(should) be finished。 6.You shouldn’t (interrupt) the meeting to tell me that; you could have come to tell me afterward. 【答案】have interrupted 【解析】考查情态动词+have done用法。句意:你不该打断会议来告诉我那件事;你本可以会后告诉我。根据后文“you could have come to tell me afterward.”可知,此处为shouldn’t have done sth.表示“本不该做某事(但是已经做了)”。故填have interrupted。 7.To motivate your employees better, you _________ figure out what they want and how you can give that to them for doing what you want them to do. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】had better/ought to 【解析】考查情态动词。句意:为了更好地激励你的员工,你最好/应该弄清楚他们想要什么,以及如何让他们做你想让他们做的事情。结合语境,此处表示婉转的建议口吻,所以此处填写had better/ought to,表示“最好”或“应该”。故填had better/ought to。 考点七 考查情态动词need和dare的用法 知●识●解●构 知识点1 need用作情态动词,多用于否定句、疑问句,后接动词原形。needn’t have done表示“本没必要做某事但实际上做了”。 You (come) all the way to my office; I could have sent you the documents by email. 【答案】needn’t have come 【解析】考查情态动词的完成式用法。句意:你本不必专程来我办公室的;我本可以通过邮件把文件发给你。根据后句“我本可邮件发送文件”可知,前句强调“专程跑来”的行为没有必要,需用“needn’t have + 过去分词”结构表示“本不必做却做了某事”。故填needn’t have come。 知识点2 need用作实意动词,接名词、代词、不定式作宾语。need doing=need to be done表示需要做。 知识点3 dare用作情态动词,多用于否定句、疑问句,只有dare和dared两种形式。I dare say...意为“我想,大概,可能,或许……”。 But there are still some dishes that Dad not try even after many years of marriage to my mother. 【答案】dare 【解析】考查情态动词。句意:但有些菜,即使和妈妈结婚这么多年,爸爸也不敢尝试。空后为not try,空处应用情态动词,结合“after many years of marriage to my mother”可推知,此处指“不敢尝试有些菜”,因此用意为“敢”的情态动词dare。故填dare。 知识点4 dare用作实意动词,接名不定式作宾语。 考●向●破●译 考向 考查情态动词need和dare的用法 1.I actually have bought so much food — only three people came. 【答案】needn’t 【解析】考查情态动词。句意:实际上我本不必买这么多食物的——只来了三个人。根据only three people came可知,此处是对过去的描述,表示“本不必做某事,但实际上做了”,应用needn’t have done。故填needn’t。 2.The weather turned out to be fine yesterday. I needn't (take)my umbrella with me. 【答案】have taken 【解析】考查情态动词+have done。句意:昨天天气很好。我本不需要带雨伞。结合句意可知,needn't have done“本来没有必要做某事,最后却做了”符合题意,故填have taken。 3.There are over 50,000 characters in modern Chinese but luckily, Chinese children not learn all of them for everyday purpose. 【答案】need 【解析】考查情态动词。句意:现代汉语有5万多个汉字,但幸运的是,中国孩子不需要学习所有的汉字。根据空后为“not learn”可知,此处应使用情态动词,结合句意以及上文中的“There are over 50,000 characters in modern Chinese but luckily”可知,现代汉语有5万多个汉字,下文讲述的事情对孩子来说是幸运的,由此可知,此处应表示“不需要”学习所有的汉字,所以此处应为need。故填need。 4.He doesn't dare _________(go) home alone at night. 【答案】to go 【解析】考查dare的用法。句意:他不敢晚上独自回家。此处dare是实义动词,后接不定式作宾语,故填to go。 考点八 情态动词+have done的用法 知●识●解●构 知识点1 can’t have done表示“不可能做了某事”。 知识点2 could have done用于肯定句,表示“本可以做某事”。couldn’t have done表示“不可能做了某事”。 知识点3 may/might have done用于肯定或否定句中,表示对过去的推测,意思是“也许已经┅,可能已经…”。 知识点4 must have done只用于肯定句,表示对过去的推测,意思是“一定已经,想必已经,准是已经….”。 知识点5 should/ought to have done表示“本应该做某事而没有做”; shouldn’t have done表示在“本不该做某事但已经做了”。 知识点6 needn’t have done表示“作了不必做或不需要做的事”。 考●向●破●译 考向 考查情态动词+have done的用法 1.Using supercomputer, many labs are now conducting experiments that couldn’t (be) possible in the past. 【答案】have been 【解析】考查情态动词。句意:许多实验室现在使用超级计算机进行过去不可能实现的实验。根据couldn’t和in the past可知,这里是对过去情况的否定推测,应用couldn’t have done,意思是“过去不可能……”。故填have been。 2.5Jack described his father, who have been a brave boy many years ago, as a strong-willed man. 【答案】must 【解析】考查情态动词。句意:杰克形容他的父亲是一个意志坚强的人,他的父亲多年前一定是个勇敢的男孩。由句中的many years ago可知,句子是对过去的推测,根据a strong-willed man,句子是对过去的肯定推测,对过去的肯定推测使用must have done结构。故填must。 3.Susan hasn’t arrived yet. She (miss) the train, as there’s usually heavy traffic at this time. 【答案】may have missed 【解析】考查情态动词表推测。 句意:苏珊还没到。她可能没赶上火车,因为这个时间通常交通很拥堵。 根据前句 “Susan hasn’t arrived yet”和后句“as there’s usually heavy traffic at this time”的语境,此处是对过去发生事情的可能性推测,用may have done的结构。 故填may have missed。 4.He have finished writing the paper. He hadn’t written a single word when I left him fifty minutes ago. 【答案】can’t 【解析】考查情态动词。句意:他不可能写完论文。50分钟前我离开他时,他一个字也没写。分析句子结构可知,空后为动词原形have,由此可知,此处应为情态动词,根据下文中的“He hadn’t written a single word when I left him fifty minutes ago.”可知,50分钟前离开时, 考点九 情态动词在虚拟语气中的用法 知●识●解●构 知识点1 if虚拟条件句的用法 场合 从句谓语动词形式 主句谓语形式 与现在事实相反 动词过去式(be用were) would / could / should / might+ 动词原形 与过去事实相反 had +动词过去分词 would/ could / should / might have done 与将来事实相反 1.动词过去式(be用were) 2.were to + 动词原形 3.should + 动词原形 would / could / should / might + 动词原形 知识点2 从句谓语用“(should)+动词原形”的情况 ① (坚持insist命令order, command建议advise, suggest, recommend要求demand, desire, require, request)接从句谓语用should+动词原形,且should可以省略。但应注意insist表示“坚持说”,suggest表示“暗示,表明”时,后接宾语从句应用陈述语气。 It is suggested that the meeting should be put off till next week. ②名词(order, command, advice, suggestion, requirement等)后接从句,该从句谓语动词用should+动词原形,且should可以省略。 We agreed to the order that the task (should) be completed at 5 o'clock. ③It is necessary/strange/ impossible..that..从句谓语用should+动词原形,且should可以省略。若从句涉及已经发生的动作,则应用should have done。 It is strange that he should have acted toward his parents like that. 知识点3 特殊句型中虚拟语气的用法 ①I wish that…从句与过去、现在、将来事实相反,分别用had done, did, would/could do。 I wish 从句结构 示例 与现在事实相反 一般过去式 I wish it were autumn now. 与过去事实相反 过去完成式 He wished he had not lost the chance. 与将来事实相反 would+动词原形 I wish you would come soon. ②if only表示“如果……该多好”,as if/though表示“好像”,从句虚拟用法同上。 ③I would rather that…从句与过去事实相反用过去完成时,与现在、将来相反用一般过去时。 ④It is high/about time that..后面常用did或should do, should不能省,意为“早该……”。 知识点4 情态动词后跟完成式虚拟语气的用法 分类 形式 用法 对过去情况的后悔、遗憾或责备等 needn't have done 过去没有必要做……但实际上做了 should/ought to have done 过去本应该做……而实际上并未做 would have done 本来会做……而未做 could have done 本来可以做……但是实际没有做 考●向●破●译 考向 考查情态动词在虚拟语气中的用法 1.(2026·上海月考)My suggestion is that the problem (discuss) at the meeting as soon as possible. 【答案】(should) be discussed 【解析】考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意:我的建议是这个问题应该尽快在会议上讨论。分析句子结构可知,“suggestion(建议)”后接表语从句时,从句需用虚拟语气,其结构为“(should) + 动词原形”,其中should可省略。再结合语义,the problem与discuss之间是被动关系,因此需用被动语态(should) be discussed。故填 (should) be discussed。 2.The expert suggested that if students (pay) more attention to accumulating English vocabulary in daily life, their reading comprehension ability would improve significantly. 【答案】paid 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意:专家建议,如果学生在日常生活中能更加注重积累英语词汇,他们的阅读理解能力将会显著提高。that后的内容为宾语从句,是expert当时所建议的具体内容。该宾语从句又是一个含条件状语从句的主从复杂句,其主句中使用了would do结构,且其所表述的内容是一个假设性的、与现在事实(专家提建议时)相反的情况,空处应使用一般过去时,表示对现在的虚拟。pay的过去式为paid。故填paid。 3.I have worried before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly to me. 【答案】needn’t 【解析】考查情态动词。句意:在我来到新学校之前,我本不需要担心,因为我的同学对我很友好。此处考查needn’t have done,意为“本不必做(却做了)”。设空处应填情态动词的否定形式needn’t。故填needn’t。 4.But for the abundant English reading materials provided by the school library, the students (broaden) their horizons and improved their reading speed significantly last semester. 【答案】 wouldn’t have broadened 【解析】考查虚拟语气用法。句意:上个学期,如果不是学校图书馆提供的丰富的英语阅读资料,学生们的视野不会有很大的开阔,阅读速度也不会有很大的提高。分析句子可知,该句“but for”(要不是、若非)是虚拟语气的标志词,后接名词短语(此处“the abundant English reading materials”),表示“与事实相反的假设”(即“如果没有学校图书馆提供的丰富英语阅读材料”);时间状语“last semester”(上学期)明确表示 与过去事实相反的虚拟语气场景。虚拟语气句式结构(与过去事实相反)。主句结构为主语 + could/would/should/might + have + 过去分词,此处主句谓语需用“wouldn’t have broadened”表示“不会扩大”,语义成立。故填wouldn’t have broadened。 6.(2026·陕西省西安高新第一中学月考)It is desired that accurate and timely weather warnings (transmit) to all coastal communities before the storm arrives. 【答案】should be transmitted/be transmitted 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意:希望在风暴到来之前,准确及时的天气警报能被传送到所有沿海社区。“It is desired that...”是固定句型,意为“希望……”,其中that引导的主语从句要用虚拟语气,即谓语动词用“(should)+动词原形”;transmit(传送)是主语从句中谓语,与主语weather warnings之间是被动关系,用虚拟语气,即(should) be transmitted。故填(should) be transmitted。 考点十 情态动词思维建模 思维建模 ✅ 技巧1:熟练掌握情态动词的基本用法:情态动词+动词原形。 ✅ 技巧2:根据具体的语境判断使用相应的情态动词。 ✅ 技巧3:注意情态动词的特殊用法。例如should“竟然”。 ✅ 技巧4:近年来情态动词与动词时态、语态联考是重点。 ✅ 技巧5:根据具体语境恰当使用情态动词和虚拟语气表达自己的思想感情,尤其是在写作中。 真题溯源·考向感知 ——溯源真题逻辑,感知高考考向 单句填空 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1.(2026年天津一卷)2.You’d better check the airport arrangement first, because the flight ______ be cancelled due to heavy rain before you leave. A. shouldn’t B. needn’t C. might D. must 【答案】C 【解析】考查情态动词。句意:建议您在出发前先确认机场安排,因为航班可能因大雨而取消。此处表示没有把握的推测,故填C。 2.(2025年天津一卷)4.You________ rush to finish the report. The deadline has been extended. A.couldn’t B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.wouldn’t 【答案】C 【解析】考查情态动词辨析。句意:你不必急于完成这份报告。截止日期已经延长了。A. couldn’t不能;B. mustn’t禁止;C. needn’t不必;D. wouldn’t不会。根据后文“The deadline has been extended.”可知,截止日期已经延长了,不必急于完成这份报告。故选C。 3.(2025年天津二卷)14.No reader________remove a book from the library without permission. A.would B.might C.shall D.need 【答案】C 【解析】考查情态动词。句意:未经图书馆管理员允许,任何读者不得将书带出图书馆。考查情态动词。A. would将会;    B. might可能;C. shall将要,将会;D. need需要。shall用于第二、三人称表示命令、威胁、许诺、警告、规定等。故选C。 4.(2024年1月浙江高考卷) However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes 61 (offer) in smaller packs. Even the biggest sausage fan doesn’t want to eat them every day. 【答案】be offered 【解析】考查含有情态动词的被动语态。句意:然而,虽然一包香肠能便宜几美分是件好事,但如果有时能以小包装出售,那就更好了。动词offer意为“提供”,和主语构成被动关系,主语they代指前文中的sausages。在情态动词could后动词应用原形。故填be offered。 5.(2024·全国甲卷)What should 45 (do)with such a beautiful place? 【答案】be done 【解析】考查被动语态。句意:对于这样一个美丽的地方,我们应该做些什么呢?主语what指物,与谓语动词do是被动关系,情态动词should后接be done构成被动语态,故填be done。 6.(2023年全国甲卷) Carson proves that a simple literary form that has been passed down through the ages can still ______ (employ) today to draw attention to important truths.  【答案】be employed 【解析】考查情态动词和动词语态。句意:Carson证明了一种被传承了多年的简单的文学形式依然能在今天被利用以引起人们对重要真理的注意。此处从句的主语是a simple literary form,这里指这种文学形式被利用。又因为空处在情态动词can后面。故填be employed。 1 / 19 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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专题24 情态动词(复习讲义)(全国通用)2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测
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专题24 情态动词(复习讲义)(全国通用)2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测
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专题24 情态动词(复习讲义)(全国通用)2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测
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