摘要:
本讲义聚焦初中英语“探究话题”单元核心知识点,以词汇拓展(如explore, topic等)为基础,衔接思维技巧(区分事实与观点,通过张琳生活变化文本实例练习),再过渡到阅读策略(概括主旨,结合中国发展文本学习摘要写作步骤),辅以核心短语与语法总结(现在完成时、much+比较级等)构建完整学习支架。
该资料以真实情境(生活变化、社会发展文本)提升语言能力,通过事实观点区分训练思维品质,摘要写作步骤与小组活动培养学习能力。课中活动设计助教师高效授课,课后短语清单、语法总结及习题答案便于学生查漏补缺,强化知识应用。
内容正文:
Unit 1 Exploring the Topic
Thinking Skills& Reading Strategies备课知识点(P6-P7)
一、标题板块UNIT 1 Exploring the Topic
1. 翻译:第一单元 探究话题
2. 单词 & 短语拓展
· explore /ɪkˈsplɔː(r)/v. 探究,探索;名词 exploration 探索
搭配:explore the topic 探究话题;explore new ideas 探索新思路
· topic /ˈtɒpɪk/n. 话题,主题
Thinking Skills Distinguishing facts from opinions
1. 翻译:思维技巧 区分事实与观点
2. 单词 & 短语拓展
· thinking skills 思维技巧
· distinguish /dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃ/v. 区分,辨别
固定搭配:distinguish A from B 区分 A 和 B
同义短语:tell A from B /tell the difference between A and B
· fact /fækt/n. 客观事实(可查证、真实发生)
· opinion /əˈpɪnjən/n. 主观观点(个人感受、评价)
开篇句子:We all agree on a fact, but we may disagree on an opinion.
1. 翻译:对于客观事实我们都会达成共识,但对于主观观点我们可能各持己见。
2. 短语拓展
· agree on sth 就某事达成一致意见
· disagree on sth 在某事上有分歧
反义词组:agree 同意 ↔ disagree 不同意
Activity 1 Look at the pictures and match the statements with the pictures, and then decide whether they are Facts (F) or Opinions (O).
1. 整句翻译:观察图片,将句子与图片匹配,然后判断它们是事实(F)还是观点(O)。
2. 单词短语拓展
· match A with B 把 A 和 B 匹配
· statement /ˈsteɪtmənt/n. 陈述,句子
· decide /dɪˈsaɪd/v. 判断,决定;搭配 decide whether… 判断是否……
四句陈述逐句翻译 + 单词拓展 + F/O 判断
a. The living conditions were poor. (F/O)
1. 翻译:过去的居住条件很差。
2. 词汇拓展
· living conditions 居住条件(单元核心短语)
· poor /pʊə(r)/adj. 差的,简陋的;贫穷的
3. 判断:F(事实,客观可查证)
b. Hamburgers taste better than noodles. (F/O)
1. 翻译:汉堡吃起来比面条更好吃。
2. 词汇拓展
· hamburger /ˈhæmbɜːɡə(r)/n. 汉堡包
· taste /teɪst/v. 尝起来(感官动词,后接形容词)
· better than 比…… 更好(good 比较级)
3. 判断:O(观点,个人口味感受)
c. Learning French is very difficult. (F/O)
1. 翻译:学法语非常难。
2. 词汇拓展
· French /frentʃ/n. 法语 adj. 法国的
· difficult /ˈdɪfɪkəlt/adj. 困难的;同义 hard
3. 判断:O(观点,因人而异)
d. Technology has changed our lives. (F/O)
1. 翻译:科技改变了我们的生活。
2. 词汇拓展
· technology /tekˈnɒlədʒi/n. 科技(不可数)
· change one’s life 改变某人的生活;现在完成时 has changed
3. 判断:F(客观事实)
Activity 2 Read the text and decide whether the statements are Facts (F) or Opinions (O).
1. 整句翻译:阅读短文,判断下列句子是事实(F)还是观点(O)。
原文逐句翻译 + 词汇拓展
I’m Zhang Lin. I’m 26. I’d like to talk about some changes in my life over the years.
翻译:我是张琳,今年 26 岁。我想聊聊这些年我生活里发生的一些变化。
拓展:would like to do sth 想要做某事;over the years 多年以来(现在完成时标志)
When I was little, I lived with my parents. We had meals together every day.
翻译:我小时候和父母一起住,我们每天一起吃饭。
拓展:when I was little 我小时候;have meals 吃饭
Now, I live by myself and sometimes I don’t have time for breakfast. I have to say that it is not healthy.
翻译:现在我独自居住,有时候没时间吃早饭。我不得不说这样并不健康。
拓展:live by myself 独自居住;have to do sth 不得不做某事;healthy adj. 健康的
Another big change in my life is the way of shopping.
翻译:我生活里另一个巨大变化是购物方式。
拓展:the way of doing sth 做某事的方式
In the past, we went to stores to do shopping, but today we can shop online.
翻译:过去我们去实体店购物,但如今我们可以网上购物。
拓展:in the past 在过去;do shopping 购物;shop online 网上购物
I think it is much easier and simpler. I always order fruit and vegetables on phone apps.
翻译:我认为网购方便简单得多。我经常在手机软件上订购果蔬。
拓展:much easier 方便得多(much 修饰比较级);order v. 订购;phone apps 手机应用程序
There are so many choices, and shopping online saves me a lot of time.
翻译:选择非常多,网购帮我节省大量时间。
拓展:choice n. 选择(复数 choices);save time 节省时间;a lot of 大量
五道小题逐句翻译 + 判断
1. Zhang Lin had meals with her parents when she was young. (F/O)
翻译:张琳小时候和父母一起吃饭。判断:F
2. Zhang Lin doesn’t have breakfast sometimes now. (F/O)
翻译:现在张琳有时候不吃早饭。判断:F
3. Zhang Lin’s lifestyle is not very healthy. (F/O)
翻译:张琳的生活方式不太健康。判断:O(主观评价)
4. Zhang Lin often orders fruit and vegetables on phone apps. (F/O)
翻译:张琳经常在手机软件上订购果蔬。判断:F
5. Zhang Lin thinks shopping online is easy and simple. (F/O)
翻译:张琳认为网购简单方便。判断:O(I think 主观观点标志)
Activity 3 Pair work. Talk about the changes of Zhang Lin’s life and give your own opinions.
1. 整句翻译:结对练习,讨论张琳生活中的变化,并说出你自己的观点。
2. 短语拓展
· talk about 谈论;changes of …… 的变化
· give one’s own opinions 给出某人自己的观点
第二部分 Page7 Reading Strategies Summarizing
标题板块 Reading Strategies Summarizing
1. 翻译:阅读策略 概括主旨
2. 单词拓展
· strategy /ˈstrætədʒi/n. 策略(复数 strategies)
· summarize /ˈsʌməraɪz/v. 概括;动名词 summarizing;名词 summary 摘要
开篇句:Summarizing means retelling the important parts of a text in your own words. You should keep the main idea and all the details in your summary.
1. 翻译:概括指用自己的话复述文章重点内容。你的摘要里需要保留主旨和全部关键细节。
2. 短语拓展
· retell /ˌriːˈtel/v. 复述
· important parts 重点部分
· in one’s own words 用某人自己的话
· main idea 主旨大意
· details /dɪˈteɪlz/n. 细节(复数)
Activity 1 Look at the pictures and read the text, and then learn how to make a summary.
1. 整句翻译:观察图片、阅读文本,然后学习如何写摘要。
2. 短语拓展:make a summary 写摘要
方框文本逐句翻译 + 填空答案
Main idea: Great changes have taken place in China.
翻译:主旨:中国发生了巨大变化。
拓展:take place 发生
Important detail: Students can take online courses.
翻译:重要细节:学生可以上网课。
拓展:online courses 线上课程
Important detail: High-speed trains are fast, clean and comfortable.
翻译:重要细节:高铁快捷、干净、舒适。
拓展:high-speed trains 高铁;comfortable adj. 舒适的
Important detail: Modern health care is developing very fast in China.
翻译:重要细节:现代医疗在中国飞速发展。
拓展:health care 医疗服务;develop v. 发展
Summary: China has made great progress in education, transportation and medical care.
填空答案:transportation;medical care
翻译:摘要:中国在教育、交通和医疗方面取得巨大进步。
拓展:make great progress 取得巨大进步
Activity 2 Read the text and complete the summary chart.
1. 整句翻译:阅读短文,完成摘要表格。
短文逐句翻译 + 词汇拓展
China has made great achievements since its opening-up.
翻译:自改革开放以来,中国取得了伟大成就。
拓展:make achievements 取得成就;opening-up n. 改革开放
China has become the world’s second largest economy, and people’s living conditions have greatly improved.
翻译:中国成为世界第二大经济体,人民居住条件大幅改善。
拓展:economy /ɪˈkɒnəmi/n. 经济;greatly adv. 极大地;improve v. 改善
Also, China has made great progress in science and technology.
翻译:同时,中国在科技领域取得长足进步。
拓展:science and technology 科学技术
Only a few countries have sent people into space, and China is one of them.
翻译:只有少数国家实现载人航天,中国是其中之一。
拓展:send people into space 载人进入太空
China is playing a more and more important role in international events, such as keeping world peace, protecting the environment and fighting against natural disasters.
翻译:中国在国际事务中发挥越来越重要的作用,例如维护世界和平、保护环境、抗击自然灾害。
拓展:play an important role in 在…… 起重要作用;international events 国际事务;keep world peace 维护世界和平;protect environment 保护环境;fight against 对抗;natural disasters 自然灾害
表格填空翻译 + 标准答案
Main idea: China has made great achievements.
翻译:主旨:中国取得了伟大成就。
Detail: China has become the world’s second largest economy.
翻译:细节:中国成为世界第二大经济体。
Detail: China has made great progress in science and technology and sent people into space.
填空标准答案:made great progress in science and technology and sent people into space
翻译:中国在科技上取得巨大进步并实现载人航天。
Detail: China is playing a more and more important role in international events.
翻译:细节:中国在国际事务中发挥越来越重要的作用。
Summary: Since opening-up, China has become the world’s second largest economy with improved living conditions, made great progress in space technology, and takes an increasingly important part in international affairs to keep peace, protect environment and fight disasters.
标准摘要翻译:改革开放以来,中国成为世界第二大经济体,民生改善,航天科技取得重大突破,并且在维护和平、环保、抗灾等国际事务中发挥日益重要的作用。
Activity 3 Group work. Talk about the changes around you and summarize your ideas, and then share your summary with your classmates.
1. 整句翻译:小组活动,讨论你身边的变化,概括你的观点,然后和全班同学分享你的摘要。
2. 短语拓展
· changes around you 你身边的变化
· share sth with sb 和某人分享某物
· classmates n. 同班同学
二、核心短语背诵清单
Page6 Thinking Skills 话题短语
1. distinguish A from B 区分 A 与 B
2. agree on 达成一致
3. disagree on 存在分歧
4. living conditions 居住条件
5. would like to do sth 想要做某事
6. over the years 多年以来
7. live by myself 独自居住
8. have to do sth 不得不做某事
9. in the past 在过去
10. shop online 网上购物
11. much easier 容易得多
12. save a lot of time 节省大量时间
13. give one’s own opinions 给出个人观点
Page7 Reading Strategies话题短语
1. in one’s own words 用自己的话
2. main idea 主旨大意
3. important details 关键细节
4. make a summary 写摘要
5. take online courses 上网课
6. high-speed trains 高铁
7. health care 医疗服务
8. make great progress 取得巨大进步
9. make achievements 取得成就
10. opening-up 改革开放
11. science and technology 科学技术
12. send people into space 载人航天
13. play an important role in 在…… 起重要作用
14. keep world peace 维护世界和平
15. protect the environment 保护环境
16. fight against natural disasters 抗击自然灾害
17. share summary with classmates 和同学分享摘要
三、核心语法 & 知识点总结
1. Fact vs Opinion 核心区分考点
Fact(客观事实 F)判定标志:
· 可查证、真实发生、无主观评价;
· 无 I think/I believe/feel 等主观词;
· 客观数据、过往真实经历、客观现状。
Opinion(主观观点 O)判定标志:
1. 出现 I think / I feel / I believe /in my opinion;
2. 形容词评价类:good/bad/difficult/delicious/healthy;
3. 个人主观喜好、感受、评判。
2. 现在完成时高频标志词
over the years, since, have changed, have made progress, have improved
结构:have/has + 过去分词,强调从过去持续到现在的变化。
3. much + 形容词比较级 加强程度
much easier 简单得多;much better 好得多;much more comfortable 舒适得多
4. 写作概括(Summarizing)答题技巧
1. 先提取文章main idea 主旨;
2. 摘抄 3 条以内核心 important details,去掉举例、修饰细节;
3. 用简单连词 and/but 整合句子,不照搬原文,用自己的话改写;
4. 篇幅简短,只保留主干信息。
5. 固定搭配易混点
1. take place 发生(无被动)
2. make progress 取得进步(progress 不可数,无 s)
3. play a role in 在…… 发挥作用
4. the way of doing sth 做某事的方式
四、课堂教学实施建议
1. Page6 导入:先讲解 Fact 和 Opinion 区分标准,结合 4 张图片短句练习判断,快速掌握辨别方法;
2. Activity2 阅读任务:逐句梳理张琳生活变化,圈画 I think 等观点标志词,完成 F/O 判断题;
3. 口语 Activity3:双人对话,引导学生用 In my opinion… 表达个人观点,巩固话题;
4. Page7 阅读策略专项:讲解 summary 摘要写作三步法(找主旨→划细节→改写整合);
5. 填空实操:带领学生完成两道摘要填空题,梳理中国发展变化类话题写作素材;
6. 小组输出 Activity3:让学生结合自身身边变化,现场口头概括一段简短摘要,当堂巩固阅读概括技巧。
附习题答案:
Page6 Activity1 F/O
a.F b.O c.O d.F
Page6 Activity2 F/O
1.F 2.F 3.O 4.F 5.O
Page7 Activity1 填空
transportation;medical care
Page7 Activity2 细节填空
made great progress in science and technology and sent people into space
Page7 Activity2 标准摘要参考
Since China’s opening-up, it has become the world’s second largest economy with better living conditions. It has made great progress in science and space technology. Besides, China plays an increasingly important role in international events to keep peace, protect environment and fight natural disasters.
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