Unit 3 Past passing by 单元话题语法填空10篇 2026-2027学年九年级英语上册单元练习（新教材外研版）

**基本信息** 本单元卷聚焦“考古发现与历史”话题，设10篇语法填空专题训练（基础5篇+提升5篇），通过三星堆、兵马俑等真实考古情境，分层巩固语法知识，适配初中英语单元复习，助力语言能力与文化意识培养。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |语法填空|10篇（100空）|动词时态（如现在完成时）、名词复数（efforts）、介词（since）、连词（so）、代词（them）等|情境真实（含三星堆、死海古卷等考古案例）；梯度分明（基础篇练核心语法，提升篇涉复杂句式如定语从句）；关联核心素养，强化文化传承与语言应用能力|

Unit 3 Past passing by 单元话题语法填空练习 单元话题：考古发现与历史 本资料共10篇专题训练，从上到下依次按照难度分为基础语篇巩固练和重难语篇提升练 基础语篇巩固练 聚焦基础，巩固自我 重难语篇提升练 专注提升，挑战自我 ◇考点 01 基础语篇巩固练 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容 (1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 (6个给出提示词，4个直接填空) Sanxingdui is the remains of the ancient Shu Kingdom. It lies in the northwest of Guanghan, Sichuan Province. Archaeologists have been working there 1 1934. Many people before me put in a great deal of 2 (effort). As I continued their work, I often felt like I was standing on the shoulders of giants. The surprising 3 (discover) are the fruit of 90 years of effort. The finds at Sanxingdui provide a missing piece of Chinese history. Sanxingdui was a centre of different 4 (culture). This proves that Chinese culture was open from a very early period. Different cultures mixed with each other 5 (form) today’s China. Sanxingdui is such a wonderful place 6 people visit it from all over the world. We are able to open a door to the past 7 that people can better understand the history of our country. The treasures are 8 beautiful that they come alive in my imagination. People in the ancient Shu Kingdom were so creative that we are amazed by 9 (they) works. Over the past 40 years, I have never felt bored with my work in this 10 (magic) place. 【答案】 1．since 2．effort 3．discoveries 4．cultures 5．to form 6．that 7．so 8．so 9．their 10．magical 【导语】本文是一篇关于三星堆的短文，讲述了三星堆作为古蜀国遗迹的历史地位，考古学家自1934年以来在此的持续发掘工作，以及三星堆发现对中国历史的重要意义。 1．句意：考古学家自1934年以来一直在那里工作。根据“have been working”可知，此处为现在完成进行时，“1934”为时间起点，应用介词since。 2．句意：在我之前的许多人付出了大量的努力。“a great deal of”后接不可数名词，effort作“努力”讲时为不可数名词，此处用原形effort。 3．句意：这些令人惊讶的发现是90年努力的成果。此处作主语，应用名词形式discoveries，且由“are”可知应用复数。 4．句意：三星堆是不同文化的中心。“different”后接可数名词复数，应用cultures。 5．句意：不同文化相互融合，形成了今天的中国。此处表示目的或结果，应用动词不定式to form作结果状语。 6．句意：三星堆是如此美妙的一个地方，以至于来自世界各地的人们都来参观。此处为“such…that…”句型，表示“如此……以至于……”。 7．句意：我们能够打开一扇通往过去的门，以便人们能更好地了解我们国家的历史。此处为“so that”引导的目的状语从句，表示“以便”。 8．句意：这些珍宝如此美丽，以至于它们在我的想象中栩栩如生。此处为“so…that…”句型，表示“如此……以至于……”。 9．句意：古蜀国的人们非常有创造力，我们对他们的作品感到惊叹。此处修饰名词“works”，应用形容词性物主代词their。 10．句意：在过去的40年里，我从未对在这个神奇的地方工作感到厌倦。此处修饰名词“place”，应用形容词magical。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Long ago, people liked to find pretty stones. One kind of stone was called amber (琥珀). It looked like hard yellow honey. Sometimes a small bug was inside. One day, a man looked at a piece of amber. A tiny butterfly wing 1 (survive) inside it for a very long time. The wing was soft. It had small lines on it. The stone gave us plenty 2 facts about old times. 3 the stone was small, it told a big story. Butterflies were here long ago! After seeing this, scientists became very excited, and they wanted 4 (enter) the world of the past. Scientists said the amber should 5 (remain) in a museum, so everyone could see it. The stones could not tell their stories by 6 (them). People had to look at them with care. Of all the old stones, this one had the 7 (old) story about the butterfly. It was like 8 open door to the old world. The wing stayed in greatest 9 (safe) inside the gold stone. So we can see it now. Thanks to it, we look at old bugs very 10 (different) today. They were not dull. They were bright and busy, just like the ones in the park. 【答案】 1．had survived 2．of 3．Although/Though 4．to enter 5．remain 6．themselves 7．oldest 8．an 9．safety 10．differently 【导语】本文主要讲述一块包裹着古老蝴蝶翅膀的琥珀，为人们了解远古世界提供了宝贵信息的故事。 1．句意：一只小小的蝴蝶翅膀在里面保存了很长很长时间。动作发生在“过去的一个时间点之前”(即“他看着琥珀”之前，翅膀已经保存了很久)，表示“过去的过去”，用过去完成时had survived. 2．句意：这块石头为我们提供了大量关于古代的事实。plenty of“大量的，许多的”，固定搭配，后接可数名词复数或不可数名词。facts为可数名词复数。 3．句意：虽然这块石头很小，但它讲述了一个大故事。前后句为让步转折关系(小vs大故事)，用Although或Though引导让步状语从句。 4．句意：看到这个之后，科学家们变得非常兴奋，他们想要进入过去的世界。want to do sth.“想要做某事”，固定搭配，不定式to enter作wanted的宾语。 5．句意：科学家们说琥珀应该留在博物馆里，这样每个人都能看到它。should是情态动词，后面跟动词原形，remain为不及物动词，无被动语态，所以填remain。 6．句意：这些石头自己无法讲述它们的故事。by oneself“独自、靠自己”，固定搭配，主语The stones为复数，所以用themselves。 7．句意：在所有古老的石头中，这一块有着关于蝴蝶的最古老的故事。范围状语“Of all the old stones”表示三者及以上比较，用最高级oldest，前面已有定冠词the。 8．句意：它就像是通往古老世界的一扇门。door为可数名词单数，表示泛指“一扇门”，用不定冠词，open以元音音素/əʊ/开头，所以用an。 9．句意：翅膀保存在这块金色石头里的最安全的环境中。greatest为形容词，修饰名词，safe的名词形式为safety。 10．句意：多亏了它，今天我们看待古老的昆虫的方式完全不同了。修饰动词look at需要用副词，different的副词形式为differently。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Around 1947, some boys were taking care of their goats (山羊) in the desert near the Dead Sea. One of the boys climbed up 1 hill to look for a missing goat. He saw a cave and thought the goat was inside, so he 2 (throw) a rock into the cave to make it come out. The rock made a strange sound inside the cave. It sounded 3 something breaking, so the boys went into the cave to look. 4 (lucky), the rock did not hit the goat. Instead, it hit one large box. Inside the box, the boys discovered seven very old scrolls (卷轴) with words on 5 (they). The boys thought the scrolls might be something important, 6 they were right. Researchers later found out that the scrolls were from about 2,000 years ago. People looked in many other caves nearby 7 (look) for more scrolls. Over time, people found more than 600 scrolls in eleven different caves. Researchers think that these are some of 8 (old) writings in the world. Many researchers study these ancient 9 (treasure) even today. The scrolls give us a window into the past. 10 happened long ago? Maybe we can understand one day. 【答案】 1．a 2．threw 3．like 4．Luckily 5．them 6．and 7．to look 8．the oldest 9．treasures 10．What 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了1947年几个男孩在死海附近的沙漠放羊时，无意中发现了一个洞穴，里面藏有古老的卷轴，这些卷轴后来被证实是约2000年前的珍贵文献，成为研究古代历史的重要窗口。 1．句意：其中一个男孩爬上一座小山去寻找一只走失的山羊。原文“One of the boys climbed up…hill to look for a missing goat.”中，“hill”是可数名词单数，且这里是第一次提到这座山，不是特指某一座已知的山，因此需要用不定冠词“a”表示“一座”。 2．句意：他看见一个山洞，以为山羊在里面，他朝洞里扔了一块石头，想让山羊出来。故事发生在1947年，全文叙述过去的事件，“throw”的过去式为“threw”。 3．句意：声音听起来像是有什么东西碎了，于是男孩们走进山洞去看。“sound like”是固定短语，意为“听起来像”。 4．句意：幸运的是，石头没有砸到山羊。副词“luckily”修饰整个句子，表示“幸运地”。 5．句意：在箱子里，男孩们发现了七卷非常古老的卷轴，上面有文字。介词“on”后需要人称代词宾格。故填them。 6．句意：男孩们认为这些卷轴可能很重要，他们是对的。原文“The boys thought the scrolls might be something important…they were right.”前后两个分句是顺承关系，因此用并列连词“and”连接。 7．句意：人们在附近的其他洞穴中寻找更多的卷轴。此处表示目的，用不定式结构，故填to look。 8．句意：研究人员认为这些是世界上最古老的一些文献。“in the world”是比较范围，用最高级形式，形容词“old”的最高级为“oldest”，前面必须加定冠词“the”。 9．句意：许多研究人员至今仍在研究这些古代珍宝。“these”后接可数名词复数。“treasure”意为“珍宝”，可数名词，复数形式为“treasures”。 10．句意：很久以前发生了什么？“…happened long ago?”中，空格处需要疑问代词作主语，询问发生了什么，用What。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In Wujin, Jiangsu, there is a very special historical site called Yancheng. It is the ruins (废墟) of an ancient city from the Spring and Autumn Period (770–476 BC). It is over 2,500 years old! Yancheng is one of 1 oldest and best-preserved ancient city ruins in China. What makes Yancheng so special is its “three cities and three rivers” design. The city has three walls — an inner city, a middle city, and an outer city. Outside each wall, there is a river. These three rivers run around the city, 2 rings of water. This kind of design is the only one in China. That is 3 people call Yancheng the “No.1 Water City in China.” For a long time, Yancheng 4 (forget). But in the 20th century, archaeologists (考古学家) began to study it. They found many important relics (文物), 5 ancient canoes, bronze weapons, pottery, and tools made of jade. These 6 (discovery) help us understand how people lived, fought, and worked more than 2000 years ago. Today, Yancheng is not only a protected historical site 7 also a popular tourist attraction. Visitors can walk along the ancient walls, take a boat ride on the rivers, and enjoy the beautiful 8 (nature) sights. There is also a theme park called Spring and Autumn Yancheng where people can watch performances (表演), try on 9 (tradition) clothes, and learn about ancient Chinese culture in a fun way. If you ever visit Jiangsu, don’t miss this 10 (amaze) water city! It is a place where history comes to life, and you can truly feel the spirit of ancient China. 【答案】 1．the 2．like 3．why 4．was forgotten 5．including 6．discoveries 7．but 8．natural 9．traditional 10．amazing 【导语】本文介绍了江苏武进的春秋时期古城遗址——淹城，包括其独特的“三城三河”设计、历史考古发现以及如今的旅游价值。 1．句意：淹城是中国最古老、保存最完好的古城遗址之一。固定搭配“one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”表示“最……之一”，故填the。 2．句意：这三条河流环绕着城市，就像水环一样。此处表示“像……一样”，用介词like。 3．句意：这就是人们称淹城为“中国第一水城”的原因。固定句式“That is why...”表示“那就是……的原因”，故填why。 4．句意：在很长一段时间里，淹城被遗忘了。主语Yancheng与forget之间为被动关系，描述过去的状态用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was forgotten。 5．句意：他们发现了许多重要文物，包括古代独木舟、青铜武器、陶器和玉制工具。此处表示“包括”，用介词including。 6．句意：这些发现帮助我们了解两千多年前人们的生活、战斗和工作方式。主语These后接可数名词复数，discovery的复数形式是discoveries。 7．句意：如今，淹城不仅是一个受保护的历史遗址，也是一个受欢迎的旅游景点。固定搭配“not only...but also...”表示“不仅……而且……”，故填also。 8．句意：游客可以沿着古城墙漫步，在河上乘船，欣赏美丽的自然风光。修饰名词sights需用形容词，nature的形容词形式是natural。 9．人们可以观看表演，试穿传统服装，并以有趣的方式了解中国古代文化。修饰名词clothes需用形容词，tradition的形容词形式是traditional。 10．句意：如果你有机会访问江苏，不要错过这个令人惊叹的水城！修饰名词water city需用形容词，amaze的形容词amazing表示“令人惊叹的”，故填amazing。 阅读短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Deep in the mountains of Chaoyang, Liaoning, stand two parallel (平行的) stone walls. Between 1 (they), there are big forests. It would be very hard 2 (build) walls in this way even today. So, how did people from over 5,000 years ago do it? These walls are part of the Niuheliang Site (牛河梁遗址), one of the 3 (old) known Chinese civilizations (文明). In 1981, the Niuheliang Site 4 (find) by archaeologists (考古学家). The site dates back to about 5,800 years ago and it is part of the Hongshan civilization in northern China. The finding 5 (make) Chinese history older than we thought by over 1,000 years. As famous archaeologist Su Bingqi put it, “Here we see the dawn (黎明) of China’s 5,000-year civilization.” The Niuheliang Site is like 6 old storybook. It shows where our culture came from and helps us learn more 7 our history. You can find out more about the Niuheliang Site 8 (easy) in the seventh-grade history textbook. Jade Pig-dragon (玉猪龙) is a famous jade artifact (玉器) from the Hongshan civilization. It does not look like a traditional dragon 9 it has a round body and a head that looks like a pig’s. The cute look shows ancient 10 (people) idea of beauty. Some people say it looks like a pig while others think it is a bear. 【答案】 1．them 2．to build 3．oldest 4．was found 5．makes 6．an 7．about 8．easily 9．because 10．people’s 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了辽宁朝阳牛河梁遗址的石墙遗迹、考古发现及其历史意义，并提及红山文明的代表玉器玉猪龙，展现了中国早期文明的曙光。 1．句意：在它们之间有大片森林。介词“Between”后需跟人称代词宾格作宾语，故将主格“they”变为“them”。 2．句意：即便在今天，用这种方式建造石墙也会非常困难。固定句型“It is hard to do sth.”表示“做某事很困难”，此处用不定式“to build”作真正主语。 3．句意：这些石墙是牛河梁遗址的一部分，该遗址是已知最古老的中国文明之一。“one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词”表示“最……之一”，故将“old”变为最高级“oldest”。 4．句意：1981年，牛河梁遗址被考古学家发现。主语“the Niuheliang Site”与“find”是被动关系，且时间为1981年，故用一般过去时的被动语态“was found”。 5．句意：这一发现让中国历史比我们原本认为的还要早1000多年。此处将“The finding”视为一个客观事实，强调它至今仍在“让中国历史显得更久远”，用一般现在时，主语“The finding”是单数，“make”变为“makes”。 6．句意：牛河梁遗址就像一本古老的故事书。“old storybook”是单数可数名词，表泛指，且“old”以元音音素开头，因此用不定冠词“an”。 7．句意：它展示了我们文化的起源，帮助我们更多地了解我们的历史。固定搭配“learn more about”，表示“更多地了解……”，因此用介词“about”。 8．句意：你可以在七年级历史课本中轻松地找到更多关于牛河梁遗址的信息。修饰动词词组“find out”需用副词，形容词“easy”变为“easily”。 9．句意：它看起来不像传统的龙，因为它有着圆圆的身体和像猪一样的头。后句是前句的原因，需要使用连词“because”引导原因状语从句。 10．句意：这可爱的模样展现了古代人们的审美观念。表示“人们的”，需用名词所有格，“people”的所有格为“people’s”。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Sanxingdui Site (三星堆遗址) is located in the city of Guanghan, Sichuan Province. This is 1 large city site that has been there for a long time. It is known as one of the most important ancient relics (遗迹) in the world for 2 (it) large size, long history and rich culture. The first Sanxingdui relics were 3 (discover) by a farmer in 1929. Since then, many historians have worked on the discovery in order 4 (learn) more about Sanxingdui culture. The city was the capital of the ancient Shu State. The relics there are the 5 (large) among all the early Ba Shu cultural relics. The dig of the city pushes Ba Shu history back a further 1,000 years to the time 6 2,000 BC to 1,000 BC． The reconstruction (重建) of the ancient Shu history and culture 7 (heavy) depended on ancient documents (文献), historical materials and books. Thanks to the important findings in the sites of Shu, the culture was gradually known to the world. The finds are exciting, 8 they remain a mystery. The records of other countries don’t mention anything about this culture. Now, if you are interested in it, visiting Sanxingdui Museum is a good 9 (choose). The design of the museum is of a high standard. The displays there also provide foreign 10 (tourist) with information about the history of China. 【答案】 1．a 2．its 3．discovered 4．to learn 5．largest 6．from 7．heavily 8．but 9．choice 10．tourists 【导语】本文介绍三星堆遗址的位置、地位、发现历程、文化价值及相关博物馆情况，展现其历史意义与神秘色彩。 1．句意：这是一座历史悠久的大型城址。根据“large city site”可知，此处表示泛指一座大型城址，large以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。 2．句意：它因其规模宏大、历史悠久、文化丰富而被称为世界上最重要的古遗迹之一。根据“large size”可知，此处需要形容词性物主代词修饰名词短语，it的形容词性物主代词是its。故填its。 3．句意：三星堆的第一批文物是在1929年被一位农民发现的。根据“by a farmer”可知，主语和动词discover是被动关系，时间状语in 1929表明用一般过去时的被动语态，discover的过去分词是discovered。故填discovered。 4．句意：从那以后，许多历史学家致力于这项发现，以便更多地了解三星堆文化。根据“in order”可知，in order to do sth.是固定搭配，后接动词不定式to learn。故填to learn。 5．句意：那里的文物是所有早期巴蜀文物中规模最大的。根据“among all the early Ba Shu cultural relics”可知，此处表示在多个事物中比较，要用形容词large的最高级largest。故填largest。 6．句意：这座城市的发掘将巴蜀历史又向前推了1000年，追溯到公元前2000年至公元前1000年。根据“2,000 BC to 1,000 BC”可知，from...to...是固定搭配，用于表示时间范围。故填from。 7．句意：古蜀历史文化的重建在很大程度上依赖于古代文献、史料和书籍。根据“depended on”可知，此处需用副词修饰动词短语，heavy的副词形式是heavily。故填heavily。 8．句意：这些发现令人兴奋，但它们仍然是一个谜。根据前半句“The finds are exciting”和后半句“they remain a mystery”可知，前后是转折关系，用连词but。故填but。 9．句意：现在，如果你对它感兴趣，参观三星堆博物馆是一个不错的选择。根据“a good”可知，此处需要名词，choose的名词形式是choice。故填choice。 10．句意：那里的展品也为外国游客提供了有关中国历史的信息。根据“The displays there also provide foreign”可知，此处表示泛指外国游客，tourist是可数名词，要用复数形式tourists。故填tourists。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。 Have you ever imagined what it would be like to find a secret room behind a wall? How about a secret city? In 1963, a Turkish man was repairing his house. His chickens kept disappearing through a hole in the basement (地下室) wall. Behind it, he 1 (discover) a secret room. It turned out that a whole 2 (hide) city was there. Best of all, the city was underground. Turkey 3 (actual) has hundreds of underground cities. The chicken owner had found a city called Derinkuyu. People created the city in the 700s BC． The city had places that people needed, such as kitchens, schoolrooms and 4 (bathroom). Some historians say as 5 (much) as 20,000 people called the city home. But why underground? For 6 (safe). The secret city protected 7 (it) people in wartime. Centuries later, lots of people moved in and used the city 8 (prevent) dangers. They stayed in this place for a long time. In 1923, Derinkuyu stopped 9 (use). Years later, the man found it by accident while running after chickens. Were the findings done after that? No. In 2020, archaeologists (考古学家) found another underground city. They named it Matiate. That means “homeland”. Matiate dates from 100-200 AD．Archaeologists 10 (find) 49 rooms so far. And that’s probably only about five percent of the city! 【答案】 1．discovered 2．hidden 3．actually 4．bathrooms 5．many 6．safety 7．its 8．to prevent 9．being used 10．have found 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了土耳其发现地下城市的历史和背景。 1．句意：在墙后，他发现了一个密室。时间状语“In 1963”表明动作发生在过去，动词discover需用一般过去式discovered。故填discovered。 2．句意：原来那里有一座完整的地下隐藏城市。需要修饰名词city，hide的过去分词hidden可以修饰名词。故填hidden。 3．句意：土耳其实际上有数百座地下城市。此处应用副词形式，作状语，actual的副词形式是actually。故填actually。 4．句意：这座城市有人们需要的场所，比如厨房、教室和浴室。and连接并列名词成分，前文kitchens、schoolrooms均为复数，因此bathroom也需用复数bathrooms。故填bathrooms。 5．句意：一些历史学家说，多达2万人曾以这座城市为家。修饰可数名词people，需用many。故填many。 6．句意：为了安全。介词for后接名词，表示目的，用safety。故填safety。 7．句意：这座秘密城市在战时保护它的人民。需要形容词性物主代词修饰名词people，it的形容词性物主代词是its。故填需要形容词性物主代词修饰名词 people，it 的形容词性物主代词是its。 8．句意：几个世纪后，很多人搬进来，用这座城市来防范危险。固定搭配use sth. to do sth.意为“用某物去做某事”，用to prevent。故填to prevent。 9．句意：1923年，Derinkuyu停止被使用。stop doing sth.表示“停止做某事”，且Derinkuyu是“被使用”的对象，需用被动形式being used。故填being used。 10．句意：到目前为止，考古学家已经发现了49个房间。时间状语so far是现在完成时的标志，主语是“Archaeologists ”，用have found。故填have found。 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号中所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Have you seen the clay soldiers in Xi’an’s terracotta museum (西安兵马俑博物馆) ? Do you know the true 1 (colour) of them? More than 2,000 years ago, Qin Shi Huang, the 2 (one) emperor of China, ordered people to build the Terracotta Army. He hoped that the army would guard him after he died. In 1974, some farmers found several clay soldiers by accident in Xi’an. 3 that, about 8,000 more were found by archaeologists (考古学家). Today, the clay soldiers in Xi’an’s terracotta museum are light brown. But they weren’t always in this colour. When they 4 (make), they had the colours of white, green, blue, red, purple and yellow. 5 (sad), most of the colours disappeared today. 6 area with more than a hundred clay soldiers was discovered by archaeologists a few years ago. Many of them still had black hair, pink faces and black or brown eyes when they were found. If they were not protected well, their colours would disappear. After a clay soldier was found, archaeologists used two steps to keep 7 (it) colour. First, they sprayed (喷) a special “water” on it. Then, they covered it in plastic. Archaeologists 8 (face) a new challenge now. They are going to find a way 9 (put) the colours onto the clay soldiers again. 10 they succeed in doing it, people will be able to see what the clay soldiers originally (起初) looked like. It must be very amazing. 【答案】 1．colours 2．first 3．After 4．were made 5．Sadly 6．An 7．its 8．are facing 9．to put 10．If 【导语】本文主要讲述了西安兵马俑曾拥有丰富的色彩，经历多元化到褪色再到现代保护技术的创新，面临复原挑战，其历史价值与科技保护并重。 1．句意：你知道它们原本的颜色吗？根据“they had the colours of white, green, blue, red, purple and yellow.”可知，兵马俑有多种颜色，需用复数形式，故填colours。 2．句意：中国第一位皇帝秦始皇下令建造兵马俑。根据括号内提示以及句意可知，第一位皇帝，the first emperor“第一位皇帝”，固定搭配，故填first。 3．句意：一些农民在西安偶然发现了几尊陶俑。之后，考古学家又发掘出约8000尊。根据“about 8,000 more were found by archaeologists”可知，在那之后又发现了更多，连接词表时间顺序，且位于句首首字母大写，故填After。 4．句意：当初制作时，它们其实有白、绿、蓝、红、紫、黄等色彩。根据“When they...they had the colours of white, green, blue, red, purple and yellow.”可知，兵马俑被制作时是有很多种颜色的，时态为一般过去时，故填were made。 5．句意：遗憾的是，这些颜色如今大多已消失。根据“most of the colours disappeared today”可知，这些颜色大多都消失了，表达遗憾，需要把sad变为副词sadly，副词做状语且位于句首，故填Sadly。 6．句意：几年前，考古学家发现了一片含百余尊陶俑的区域。根据“area”可知，一个区域，以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an，位于句首，故填An。 7．句意：考古学家采用两步保存它的色彩。根据“After a clay soldier was found”可知，空格处指代单数名词“a clay soldier”，需用形容词性物主代词its“它的”修饰名词colour，故填its。 8．句意：目前，考古学家正面临新挑战。根据“now”可知，需用现在进行时，主语they是复数，故填are facing。 9．句意：他们要寻找复原陶俑色彩的方法。a way to do sth“做某事的方法”，固定搭配，故填to put。 10．句意：他们若成功，人们将能目睹兵马俑的原始样貌。根据“people will be able to see what the clay soldiers originally (起初) looked like.”可知，时态为将来时，前句表条件，用“if”引导条件状语从句，故填If。 ◇考点 02 重难语篇提升练 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Legend has it that Rome was founded in 753 BC by its first king, Romulus. It grew into a rich and powerful city during the next few 1 (hundred) years. Roman legend says that Romulus had a twin brother. As babies they 2 (throw) in the area which later became Rome. A she-wolf found and raised them. When Romulus grew up, he became the first ruler of Rome! By 117 AD the Roman Empire included the whole of Italy, all the lands 3 the Mediterranean (地中海) and much of Europe, including England, Wales and parts of Scotland. The Romans built such a huge empire and conquered (征服) new lands, 4 (thank) to their strong army. The Roman army could march (行军) up to 40 km a day! The Romans didn’t spend all 5 time fighting—they were amazing architects and engineers too! They built roads and walls—things we now take for granted. 6 (bring) water to their cities, the clever Romans built aqueducts (渡槽)—a system of channels and bridges—to transport water for public baths and toilets! The Romans liked to enjoy their food, often 7 (lie) down on a couch while eating with their hands. They sometimes used a spoon, 8 they would never use a knife and fork. Rich Romans liked to eat exotic (奇异的) food, such as stork (鹳), roast parrot and even flamingo! One of the 9 (famous) buildings left by the Ancient Romans is the Colosseum (圆形大剧场) in the center of Rome. This 10 (be) where members of the public would come to watch sporting events and games, including battles between Roman gladiators (角斗士)! 【答案】 1．hundred 2．were thrown 3．around 4．thanks 5．their/the 6．To bring 7．lying 8．but 9．most famous 10．is 【导语】本文主要介绍了古罗马帝国的辉煌历史成就以及古罗马人为后世流下的众多宝贵文物。 1．句意：在接下来的几百年里，它发展成为一个富裕而强大的城市。hundred“百”，前有few修饰，仍然用单数形式。故填hundred。 2．句意：他们还是婴儿时就被扔到后来成为罗马的地方。主语they和动词throw“扔”构成被动关系，应用被动语态“be done”；根据“which later became Rome”可知时态为一般过去时，且主语是复数，be动词应用were，throw过去分词为thrown。故填were thrown。 3．句意：到公元117年，罗马帝国包括了整个意大利、地中海周围的所有土地和欧洲的大部分地区，包括英格兰、威尔士和苏格兰的部分地区。根据“all the lands ... the Mediterranean”可知是指地中海周围的土地，介词around“在……周围”符合语境。故填around。 4．句意：罗马人建立了如此庞大的帝国，并征服了新的土地，这要归功于他们强大的军队。thanks to“幸亏，由于”，固定词组。故填thanks。 5．句意：罗马人并没有把所有的时间都花在战斗上。根据“The Romans didn’t spend all ... time fighting”可知是指没有花所有时间在战斗上，主语是The Romans，此处应用形容词性物主代词their“他们的”或定冠词the修饰名词time。故填their/the。 6．句意：为了将水带到他们的城市，聪明的罗马人建造了渡槽。根据“... water to their cities, the clever Romans built aqueducts”可知建造渡槽是为了供水，应用动词不定式表目的，句首首字母大写。故填To bring。 7．句意：罗马人喜欢享受他们的食物，经常躺在沙发上用手吃饭。根据“often ... down on a couch while eating with their hands”可知此处应用现在分词lying“躺”作伴随状语。故填lying。 8．句意：他们有时用勺子，但从不使用刀叉。根据“They sometimes used a spoon, ... they would never use a knife and fork.”可知此处表示转折关系，应用but连接。故填but。 9．句意：古罗马人留下的最著名的建筑之一是罗马市中心的斗兽场。one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数，表示“最……之一”，形容词famous“著名的”最高级为most famous。故填most famous。 10．句意：这是公众观看体育赛事和游戏的地方，包括罗马角斗士之间的战斗！此处说明一般事实，时态应用一般现在时；主语是This，be动词用单数is。故填is。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Scientists in Mexico have just begun a new study of one of the world’s 1 (great) pyramids: the Pyramid of the Sun, north of Mexico City. They’re putting lots of small, high-tech machines under the pyramid to try to unlock some of 2 (it) secrets. For thousands of years, people 3 (try) to uncover the secrets of the pyramids. The people 4 built the pyramids made lots of secret doors and rooms to keep robbers 5 finding the treasures inside. However, there always have been some smart 6 (thief) in history. Now, almost all of Egypt’s pyramids have been robbed, including the Great Pyramid of Khufu, which is the largest pyramid in the world. It is the only one of the ancient wonders of the world that is still standing. In AD 820, an Arab (阿拉伯的) king named Abdullah Al-Ma’mun got a group of workers to dig their way into the Great Pyramid and have a look. Inside the pyramid, there’re three rooms the Queen’s Chamber (房间), the Grand Gallery (长廊) and the 7 (king) Chamber. But to their surprise, the men didn’t find the treasures they wanted. The Queen’s and King’s Chambers were both empty! Where were the King’s mummy and his treasures? They might 8 (steal) by someone. The huge stone doors at the pyramid’s entrance were still closed when Al-Ma’mun’s men went inside. How had the thieves got in and out? Since then, many people have gone inside the Great Pyramid 9 (have) a look or to try to take things. But still, no other chambers or walkways have been found. In 2002, an American team made the most recent visit to the Great Pyramid. Scientists sent a robot into the pyramid, but they only found 10 mysterious locked stone door. 【答案】 1．greatest 2．its 3．have tried##have been trying 4．who/that 5．from 6．thieves 7．King’s 8．have been stolen 9．to have 10．a 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了科学家对墨西哥太阳金字塔的研究以及历史上对埃及金字塔的探索和未解之谜。 1．句意：科学家们开始研究世界上最伟大的金字塔之一——墨西哥城北部的太阳金字塔。此处是固定结构“one of the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”，表示“最……之一”，用greatest。故填greatest。 2．句意：他们正在金字塔下放许多小型高科技机器，试图解开它的一些秘密。空格后是名词secrets，需用形容词性物主代词its修饰。故填its。 3．句意：几千年来，人们一直试图揭开金字塔的秘密。时间状语“For thousands of years”表示持续到现在的时间，需用现在完成时，主语为people，用have tried；此处也可强调动作从过去持续到现在，且仍在进行，用现在完成进行时。故填have tried/have been trying。 4．句意：建造金字塔的人设置了许多秘密门和房间，以防止盗贼找到里面的宝藏。空处引导定语从句，先行词为指人的The people，在从句中作主语，who/that符合。故填who/that。 5．句意：建造金字塔的人设置了许多秘密门和房间，以防止盗贼找到里面的宝藏。keep sb. from doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“阻止某人做某事”。故填from。 6．句意：然而，历史上总有一些聪明的盗贼。根据“some”可知，此处用复数形式thieves。故填thieves。 7．句意：在金字塔内部，有三个房间 —— 王后室、大长廊和国王室。空后为名词“Chamber”，表示国王室，用’s所有格形式King’s。故填King’s。 8．句意：它们可能已经被某人偷走了。主语They与steal之间是被动关系，且结合语境表示“过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响”，需用现在完成时的被动语态，用have been stolen。故填have been stolen。 9．句意：从那以后，许多人进入大金字塔去看一看或试图拿走东西。此处表示“进入金字塔”的目的，用不定式结构。故填to have。 10．句意：科学家们把一个机器人送进了金字塔，但他们只发现了一扇神秘的上锁的石门。此处表示泛指的含义，mysterious以辅音音素开头，用a。故填a。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Past passing by 单元话题语法填空练习 单元话题：考古发现与历史 本资料共10篇专题训练，从上到下依次按照难度分为基础语篇巩固练和重难语篇提升练 基础语篇巩固练 聚焦基础，巩固自我 重难语篇提升练 专注提升，挑战自我 ◇考点 01 基础语篇巩固练 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容 (1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 (6个给出提示词，4个直接填空) Sanxingdui is the remains of the ancient Shu Kingdom. It lies in the northwest of Guanghan, Sichuan Province. Archaeologists have been working there 1 1934. Many people before me put in a great deal of 2 (effort). As I continued their work, I often felt like I was standing on the shoulders of giants. The surprising 3 (discover) are the fruit of 90 years of effort. The finds at Sanxingdui provide a missing piece of Chinese history. Sanxingdui was a centre of different 4 (culture). This proves that Chinese culture was open from a very early period. Different cultures mixed with each other 5 (form) today’s China. Sanxingdui is such a wonderful place 6 people visit it from all over the world. We are able to open a door to the past 7 that people can better understand the history of our country. The treasures are 8 beautiful that they come alive in my imagination. People in the ancient Shu Kingdom were so creative that we are amazed by 9 (they) works. Over the past 40 years, I have never felt bored with my work in this 10 (magic) place. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Long ago, people liked to find pretty stones. One kind of stone was called amber (琥珀). It looked like hard yellow honey. Sometimes a small bug was inside. One day, a man looked at a piece of amber. A tiny butterfly wing 1 (survive) inside it for a very long time. The wing was soft. It had small lines on it. The stone gave us plenty 2 facts about old times. 3 the stone was small, it told a big story. Butterflies were here long ago! After seeing this, scientists became very excited, and they wanted 4 (enter) the world of the past. Scientists said the amber should 5 (remain) in a museum, so everyone could see it. The stones could not tell their stories by 6 (them). People had to look at them with care. Of all the old stones, this one had the 7 (old) story about the butterfly. It was like 8 open door to the old world. The wing stayed in greatest 9 (safe) inside the gold stone. So we can see it now. Thanks to it, we look at old bugs very 10 (different) today. They were not dull. They were bright and busy, just like the ones in the park. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Around 1947, some boys were taking care of their goats (山羊) in the desert near the Dead Sea. One of the boys climbed up 1 hill to look for a missing goat. He saw a cave and thought the goat was inside, so he 2 (throw) a rock into the cave to make it come out. The rock made a strange sound inside the cave. It sounded 3 something breaking, so the boys went into the cave to look. 4 (lucky), the rock did not hit the goat. Instead, it hit one large box. Inside the box, the boys discovered seven very old scrolls (卷轴) with words on 5 (they). The boys thought the scrolls might be something important, 6 they were right. Researchers later found out that the scrolls were from about 2,000 years ago. People looked in many other caves nearby 7 (look) for more scrolls. Over time, people found more than 600 scrolls in eleven different caves. Researchers think that these are some of 8 (old) writings in the world. Many researchers study these ancient 9 (treasure) even today. The scrolls give us a window into the past. 10 happened long ago? Maybe we can understand one day. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In Wujin, Jiangsu, there is a very special historical site called Yancheng. It is the ruins (废墟) of an ancient city from the Spring and Autumn Period (770–476 BC). It is over 2,500 years old! Yancheng is one of 1 oldest and best-preserved ancient city ruins in China. What makes Yancheng so special is its “three cities and three rivers” design. The city has three walls — an inner city, a middle city, and an outer city. Outside each wall, there is a river. These three rivers run around the city, 2 rings of water. This kind of design is the only one in China. That is 3 people call Yancheng the “No.1 Water City in China.” For a long time, Yancheng 4 (forget). But in the 20th century, archaeologists (考古学家) began to study it. They found many important relics (文物), 5 ancient canoes, bronze weapons, pottery, and tools made of jade. These 6 (discovery) help us understand how people lived, fought, and worked more than 2000 years ago. Today, Yancheng is not only a protected historical site 7 also a popular tourist attraction. Visitors can walk along the ancient walls, take a boat ride on the rivers, and enjoy the beautiful 8 (nature) sights. There is also a theme park called Spring and Autumn Yancheng where people can watch performances (表演), try on 9 (tradition) clothes, and learn about ancient Chinese culture in a fun way. If you ever visit Jiangsu, don’t miss this 10 (amaze) water city! It is a place where history comes to life, and you can truly feel the spirit of ancient China. 阅读短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Deep in the mountains of Chaoyang, Liaoning, stand two parallel (平行的) stone walls. Between 1 (they), there are big forests. It would be very hard 2 (build) walls in this way even today. So, how did people from over 5,000 years ago do it? These walls are part of the Niuheliang Site (牛河梁遗址), one of the 3 (old) known Chinese civilizations (文明). In 1981, the Niuheliang Site 4 (find) by archaeologists (考古学家). The site dates back to about 5,800 years ago and it is part of the Hongshan civilization in northern China. The finding 5 (make) Chinese history older than we thought by over 1,000 years. As famous archaeologist Su Bingqi put it, “Here we see the dawn (黎明) of China’s 5,000-year civilization.” The Niuheliang Site is like 6 old storybook. It shows where our culture came from and helps us learn more 7 our history. You can find out more about the Niuheliang Site 8 (easy) in the seventh-grade history textbook. Jade Pig-dragon (玉猪龙) is a famous jade artifact (玉器) from the Hongshan civilization. It does not look like a traditional dragon 9 it has a round body and a head that looks like a pig’s. The cute look shows ancient 10 (people) idea of beauty. Some people say it looks like a pig while others think it is a bear. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Sanxingdui Site (三星堆遗址) is located in the city of Guanghan, Sichuan Province. This is 1 large city site that has been there for a long time. It is known as one of the most important ancient relics (遗迹) in the world for 2 (it) large size, long history and rich culture. The first Sanxingdui relics were 3 (discover) by a farmer in 1929. Since then, many historians have worked on the discovery in order 4 (learn) more about Sanxingdui culture. The city was the capital of the ancient Shu State. The relics there are the 5 (large) among all the early Ba Shu cultural relics. The dig of the city pushes Ba Shu history back a further 1,000 years to the time 6 2,000 BC to 1,000 BC． The reconstruction (重建) of the ancient Shu history and culture 7 (heavy) depended on ancient documents (文献), historical materials and books. Thanks to the important findings in the sites of Shu, the culture was gradually known to the world. The finds are exciting, 8 they remain a mystery. The records of other countries don’t mention anything about this culture. Now, if you are interested in it, visiting Sanxingdui Museum is a good 9 (choose). The design of the museum is of a high standard. The displays there also provide foreign 10 (tourist) with information about the history of China. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。 Have you ever imagined what it would be like to find a secret room behind a wall? How about a secret city? In 1963, a Turkish man was repairing his house. His chickens kept disappearing through a hole in the basement (地下室) wall. Behind it, he 1 (discover) a secret room. It turned out that a whole 2 (hide) city was there. Best of all, the city was underground. Turkey 3 (actual) has hundreds of underground cities. The chicken owner had found a city called Derinkuyu. People created the city in the 700s BC． The city had places that people needed, such as kitchens, schoolrooms and 4 (bathroom). Some historians say as 5 (much) as 20,000 people called the city home. But why underground? For 6 (safe). The secret city protected 7 (it) people in wartime. Centuries later, lots of people moved in and used the city 8 (prevent) dangers. They stayed in this place for a long time. In 1923, Derinkuyu stopped 9 (use). Years later, the man found it by accident while running after chickens. Were the findings done after that? No. In 2020, archaeologists (考古学家) found another underground city. They named it Matiate. That means “homeland”. Matiate dates from 100-200 AD．Archaeologists 10 (find) 49 rooms so far. And that’s probably only about five percent of the city! 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号中所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Have you seen the clay soldiers in Xi’an’s terracotta museum (西安兵马俑博物馆) ? Do you know the true 1 (colour) of them? More than 2,000 years ago, Qin Shi Huang, the 2 (one) emperor of China, ordered people to build the Terracotta Army. He hoped that the army would guard him after he died. In 1974, some farmers found several clay soldiers by accident in Xi’an. 3 that, about 8,000 more were found by archaeologists (考古学家). Today, the clay soldiers in Xi’an’s terracotta museum are light brown. But they weren’t always in this colour. When they 4 (make), they had the colours of white, green, blue, red, purple and yellow. 5 (sad), most of the colours disappeared today. 6 area with more than a hundred clay soldiers was discovered by archaeologists a few years ago. Many of them still had black hair, pink faces and black or brown eyes when they were found. If they were not protected well, their colours would disappear. After a clay soldier was found, archaeologists used two steps to keep 7 (it) colour. First, they sprayed (喷) a special “water” on it. Then, they covered it in plastic. Archaeologists 8 (face) a new challenge now. They are going to find a way 9 (put) the colours onto the clay soldiers again. 10 they succeed in doing it, people will be able to see what the clay soldiers originally (起初) looked like. It must be very amazing. ◇考点 02 重难语篇提升练 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Legend has it that Rome was founded in 753 BC by its first king, Romulus. It grew into a rich and powerful city during the next few 1 (hundred) years. Roman legend says that Romulus had a twin brother. As babies they 2 (throw) in the area which later became Rome. A she-wolf found and raised them. When Romulus grew up, he became the first ruler of Rome! By 117 AD the Roman Empire included the whole of Italy, all the lands 3 the Mediterranean (地中海) and much of Europe, including England, Wales and parts of Scotland. The Romans built such a huge empire and conquered (征服) new lands, 4 (thank) to their strong army. The Roman army could march (行军) up to 40 km a day! The Romans didn’t spend all 5 time fighting—they were amazing architects and engineers too! They built roads and walls—things we now take for granted. 6 (bring) water to their cities, the clever Romans built aqueducts (渡槽)—a system of channels and bridges—to transport water for public baths and toilets! The Romans liked to enjoy their food, often 7 (lie) down on a couch while eating with their hands. They sometimes used a spoon, 8 they would never use a knife and fork. Rich Romans liked to eat exotic (奇异的) food, such as stork (鹳), roast parrot and even flamingo! One of the 9 (famous) buildings left by the Ancient Romans is the Colosseum (圆形大剧场) in the center of Rome. This 10 (be) where members of the public would come to watch sporting events and games, including battles between Roman gladiators (角斗士)! 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Scientists in Mexico have just begun a new study of one of the world’s 1 (great) pyramids: the Pyramid of the Sun, north of Mexico City. They’re putting lots of small, high-tech machines under the pyramid to try to unlock some of 2 (it) secrets. For thousands of years, people 3 (try) to uncover the secrets of the pyramids. The people 4 built the pyramids made lots of secret doors and rooms to keep robbers 5 finding the treasures inside. However, there always have been some smart 6 (thief) in history. Now, almost all of Egypt’s pyramids have been robbed, including the Great Pyramid of Khufu, which is the largest pyramid in the world. It is the only one of the ancient wonders of the world that is still standing. In AD 820, an Arab (阿拉伯的) king named Abdullah Al-Ma’mun got a group of workers to dig their way into the Great Pyramid and have a look. Inside the pyramid, there’re three rooms the Queen’s Chamber (房间), the Grand Gallery (长廊) and the 7 (king) Chamber. But to their surprise, the men didn’t find the treasures they wanted. The Queen’s and King’s Chambers were both empty! Where were the King’s mummy and his treasures? They might 8 (steal) by someone. The huge stone doors at the pyramid’s entrance were still closed when Al-Ma’mun’s men went inside. How had the thieves got in and out? Since then, many people have gone inside the Great Pyramid 9 (have) a look or to try to take things. But still, no other chambers or walkways have been found. In 2002, an American team made the most recent visit to the Great Pyramid. Scientists sent a robot into the pyramid, but they only found 10 mysterious locked stone door. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $