2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册暑假作业Day12（全国适用）

**基本信息** 以形容词、副词比较等级为核心，构建“概念-句式-变形-易错-应用”五级训练体系，融合语言能力与思维品质培养。 **综合设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |基础概念|3级定义+教材例句|三级功能定位（原级表持平/比较级表两者/最高级表范围）|从修饰对象（名/动）区分形容词/副词比较等级| |句式应用|5类核心句式|固定结构记忆法（as...as/比较级+and/one of+最高级等）|由简单比对到复杂语境的句式拓展| |变形规则|3类规则+2个不规则|词尾变化口诀（直加/双写/不规则）|按发音规则（重读闭音节）分类记忆| |易错点|4大易错点|对比分析法（the的省略/one of后名词复数等）|针对高频错误构建避坑指南| |综合题型|单选15题+填空5篇+阅读4篇|语境迁移法（结合自然/文化主题语篇）|从基础辨析到语篇应用的能力进阶|

Day 12 限时练习：60min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 形容词、副词的比较等级（解析版） 形容词、副词的比较等级（原级、比较级、最高级） 一、等级基础概念英语形容词、副词分三级： 原级（单词原形）、比较级（两者对比）、最高级（三者及以上范围对比）；形容词用来修饰名词，对比事物的属性；副词用来修饰动词，对比动作的状态。 三类句法用法详解 原级（描述基准程度，高频结构 as…as）：用于两者程度持平的比对 例：they can “see” as well as others.（副词原级 as well as，对比不同深海动物 “视物” 的能力） 比较级（二者相互对比，词尾常 + er）：对两组人、事物做程度高低对比，常搭配and构成 “越来越……” 结构 例：the noise of the water slowly grew louder and louder（louder 是 loud 的比较级，表水声渐渐变得越来越响） 最高级（≥3 个对象做排名，词尾常 + est）：限定范围里程度排在首位，形容词最高级前一般加定冠词the；搭配one of the + 形容词最高级 + 复数名词，表示 “最…… 的事物之一” 例 1：What is the biggest desert in the world?（biggest 为 big 的形容词最高级，在全球沙漠范畴做排名） 例 2：Mount Qomolangma is one of the greatest wonders of the world（greatest 是 great 最高级，套用 one of 结构） 二、高频固定句式（填空必背） 1. 最高级核心句式 （1）特殊疑问句：What/Which is the + 形容词最高级 + 名词 + 范围？（用来对范围内 “程度第一” 的对象提问） 例：What is the deepest point in the ocean? （2）one of the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数：“最…… 的…… 之一”，名词必须写复数 例：one of the world's largest waterfalls（世界规模最大的瀑布之一） （3）主语 + 动词 + the + 副词最高级 + 范围：副词最高级修饰谓语动作 例：The Yangtze River travels the farthest in China. 2. 比较级核心句式（1）比较级 + and + 相同比较级：译为 “越来越……” 例：louder and louder（越来越喧闹）；closer and closer（越来越近） （2）A + 比较级 + than B：A 比 B 更……（教材 4d 拓展造句模板：Which park is bigger, Park A or Park B?）3. 原级核心句式as + 原级（adj./adv.）+ as：和…… 程度一样 例：see as well as others（和其他动物的 “视物” 能力一样出色） 三、变形基础规则（本册词套用） 一般单词直接加后缀：比较级 + er、最高级 + est tall→taller→tallest；loud→louder→loudest 以重读闭音节（辅 + 元 + 辅）结尾：双写末尾辅音字母再加 er/est big→bigger→biggest；deep→deeper→deepest 不规则变形（本单元必背）：far→farther/further→farthest/furthest（表距离远近，最高级 farthest）；good/well→better→best 4、 易混易错要点梳理 易错点 1：形容词最高级定冠词the的规范 形容词最高级前面必须加 the：the biggest desert；副词最高级里 the 可以省略，教材例句travels (the) farthest两种写法都合规。 易错点 2：one of结构名词形式出错 ❌ one of the greatest wonder（单数名词） ✅ one of the greatest wonders（复数名词） 易错点 3：区分形容词、副词的修饰对象 形容词最高级修饰名词：the deepest point（deepest 修饰名词 point，判定为形容词） 副词最高级修饰动词：travels the farthest（farthest 修饰动作 travel，判定为副词） 易错点 4：范围介词搭配失误 描述 “在某片地域之中” 用介词in：the deepest point in the ocean；in the world 五、配套典型例句（取自教材原题） 形容词最高级（限定范围排名）：What is the biggest desert in the world? one of 最高级固定搭配：Mount Qomolangma is one of the greatest wonders of the world. 副词原级同级比较：they can “see” as well as others. 比较级 “越来越……” 结构：the noise of the water slowly grew louder and louder. 副词最高级修饰谓语：The Yangtze River travels the farthest in China. 单项选择。 ()1. Which is ______ desert in the world, the Sahara or Gobi? A. big B. bigger C. biggest D. the biggest ()2. This lake is as ______ as that one in Tibet. A. deep B. deeper C. deepest D. the deepest ()3. The Yangtze River runs ______ in China among all rivers. A. far B. farther C. farthest D. further ()4. Qomolangma is one of ______ natural wonders on Earth. A. great B. greater C. greatest D. the greatest ()5. As we walk ______ to the waterfall, we can hear clearer water sounds. close B. closer C. closest D. the closest ()6. The wind became ______ as we climbed up the mountain. A. strong and strong B. stronger and stronger C. more strong D. the strongest ()7. Of all the students in our class, Tom writes ______. A. careful B. more careful C. most carefully D. carefully ()8. —Which lake is ______, Poyang Lake or Dongting Lake? —Poyang Lake, of course. A. large B. larger C. largest D. the largest ()9. No other trench is ______ the Mariana Trench in depth. A. as deep as B. deeper C. deepest D. the deepest ()10. This canyon is ______ amazing than I imagined before. A. much B. more C. most D. the most ()11. One of ______ waterfalls in Africa is Victoria Falls. A. famous B. more famous C. most famous D. the most famous ()12. Among all the wild animals, eagles can fly ______ in the sky. A. high B. higher C. highest D. the higher ()13. The river grows ______ as it flows to the sea. A. wide and wide B. wider and wider C. widest D. more wide ()14. —Who draws ______ in your art group? —Lucy. Her pictures are always perfect. A. well B. better C. best D. good ()15. The desert is ______ than the grassland in this area. A. dry B. drier C. driest D. the driest 答案：1.B 两者对比用比较级 bigger 2.A as + 形容词原级 + as 同级比较 3.C 三者及以上范围用副词最高级 farthest 4.D one of the + 形容词最高级 + 复数名词 5.B 暗含距离对比，用比较级 closer 6.B 比较级 + and + 比较级，表 “越来越……” 7.C 全班范围内对比，副词最高级修饰动词 writes 8.B 两者湖泊对比，用比较级 larger 9.A as…as 中间用原级，同级比较 10.B 出现 than，形容词 amazing 变比较级 more amazing 11.D one of the + 最高级固定结构 12.C 所有鸟类范围对比，副词最高级 highest 13.B wider and wider 越来越宽阔 14.C 美术小组多人对比，副词最高级 best 15.B than 提示用 dry 的比较级 drier 一、选词填空 A  根据语篇内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词，并用其正确形式填空。每个单词只能用一次。 hot     where     make     keep     amazing     long     an     complete     short     sure You probably remember the Flaming Mountains from Journey to the West. But do you know     1     the real Flaming Mountains are? They are in Turpan, in the east of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. It’s known as one of the     2     areas in the world. The desert sand can be as hot as 80℃ in midsummer. That’s enough     3     your feet burn! It may sound crazy, but the locals can cook an egg on the desert sand. Rainfall in Turpan is only 16 mm a year. It is one of the driest places in China. How do people survive in such a terrible climate? The secret lies in the ancient karez system. The karez system in Turpan includes more than 1000 wells. They appear every 20-30 metres. Some of them are 100 metres deep! Under these wells are large underground canals. Water from the mountains falls into the wells. It then runs underground in the canals. It is     4     cool and safe from the desert heat. There are over 5000 km of underground canals in the area. That’s nearly as     5     as the Yellow River! Thanks to the karez system, people can grow plants for food in this difficult environment. And     6    , all of this was     7     with only hand tools! No wonder it’s among the top three projects of ancient China. Today, the area faces a water     8    . There is less water from the mountains, lower rainfall and a large increase in water use. Although modern technology is solving some problems, the karez system still plays     9     important role. Now, more and more young people are taking action to protect it. The centuries-old water system will     10     be carried into the future. 【答案】【小题 1】where【小题 2】hottest【小题 3】to make【小题 4】kept 【小题 5】long【小题 6】amazingly【小题 7】completed【小题 8】shortage 【小题 9】an【小题 10】surely 【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍新疆吐鲁番火焰山高温干旱的环境，讲解坎儿井水利系统的构造、巨大作用，同时讲述如今坎儿井面临缺水难题，呼吁年轻人保护这一古老水利工程。 【详解】 【小题 1】句意：但你知道真正的火焰山在哪里吗？分析句子结构可知，此处缺少引导宾语从句的引导词；结合下文 “They are in Turpan, in the east of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.” 可知，句子在询问火焰山所处位置，备选词 where 可引导表地点的宾语从句，符合语境。 【小题 2】句意：它被称为世界上最热的地区之一。“one of the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数” 是固定结构，结合后文 “The desert sand can be as hot as 80℃ in midsummer.” 的高温语境，备选词 hot 需变为最高级 hottest，符合语法与原文信息。 【小题 3】句意：那温度足以烫伤你的脚。结合前文 “The desert sand can be as hot as 80℃ in midsummer.” 可知，沙漠高温足以造成脚部灼伤，备选词 make 有 “使得、致使” 的含义，贴合高温带来灼烧效果的文意；固定搭配 enough to do sth. 表示 “足够…… 去做某事”，此处需要使用不定式结构，因此 make 变形为 to make，构成 “enough to make your feet burn” 的完整句式，符合语法要求。 【小题 4】句意：它清凉又不受沙漠高温影响。结合前文 “山水汇入井中，在地下河道流淌” 可知，地下渠道可以留存地下水，备选词 keep 有 “留存、储存” 的含义，贴合文意；分析句子结构可知，主语 “It” 指代地下水，与 keep 存在被动关系，本句为被动语态，结构为 “be + 动词过去分词”，is 已给出，keep 的过去分词形式为 kept。 【小题 5】句意：这长度几乎和黄河相当！由 “That’s” 可知空格处应用形容词作表语，“as + 形容词原级 + as” 为固定结构，本句对比地下河道与黄河的长度，备选词 long 为形容词原级，符合语境。 【小题 6】句意：令人惊叹的是，整套工程仅靠手工工具修建完成。空格修饰后面整个完整句子，需要副词作评注性状语；结合 “with only hand tools” 语境，这个场景令人惊叹，备选词 amazing 为形容词，需变为副词 amazingly，意为 “令人惊叹地”，符合语境。 【小题 7】句意：令人惊叹的是，整套工程仅靠手工工具修建完成。结合上下文可知坎儿井整套水利工程是人工修建完工的，备选词 complete 有 “完成、竣工” 的含义，贴合文意；句子主语 “all of this” 和 complete 之间是被动关系，本句为一般过去时的被动语态，前面已有 be 动词 was，此处需要填 complete 的过去分词形式 completed。 【小题 8】句意：如今这片区域面临水资源短缺问题。空格前 “a water” 后接可数名词单数，根据后文 “山上来水变少、降雨量降低、用水量大幅上涨” 可知当地缺水；备选词 short 是形容词，转换为名词 shortage，固定短语 water shortage 表示 “水资源短缺”，贴合语境。 【小题 9】句意：尽管现代技术正在解决一部分难题，但坎儿井系统依旧发挥着重要作用。固定搭配 play an important role 表示 “发挥重要作用”，important 以元音音素开头，备选词 an 符合冠词使用规则。 【小题 10】句意：这套拥有数百年历史的水利系统一定会延续至未来。空格修饰动词 “carried”，需要副词；结合前文年轻人主动保护坎儿井的内容，此处表达 “肯定、必定” 的含义，备选词 sure 的副词形式 surely 符合语法与全文语境。 B   请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后用方框中所给词的适当形式填空。每个词限用一次。 work   away       strong   power   protect   hide   if   terrible   later   leave   actual On March 11, 2011, a huge earthquake hit the northeastern coast of Japan. It was the     1     quake in the country's history. The disaster lasted for about six minutes. When the earthquake happened, many people were     2    . However, the earthquake was not the only problem. A few minutes     3    , a tsunami arrived. The huge waves came suddenly and violently. They crashed into coastal towns and carried     4     cars, houses, and even ships. Many people tried to run to higher ground, but the water rose faster than they expected. It was a truly heartbreaking scene. This disaster caused great damage. Thousands of buildings were destroyed, and many people lost their lives. The tsunami also hit a nuclear power plant. It cause a serious accident. This forced thousands of local people to     5     their homes right away. They had to move to safer places to avoid the radiation (辐射).     6    , the situation was even worse than people thought. After the disaster, rescue teams from all over the world came to help. People realized how     7     nature can be. We cannot stop natural disasters, but we can learn how to     8     ourselves. For example, we should know where to     9     when the ground shakes.     10     we make preparations well, we will have a better chance of survival. Although it was a     11     event, the Japanese people showed great courage. They helped each other during the hardest time. Their spirit of never giving up is worth learning. 【答案】【小题 1】strongest【小题 2】working【小题 3】later【小题 4】away 【小题 5】leave【小题 6】Actually【小题 7】powerful【小题 8】protect 【小题 9】hide【小题 10】If【小题 11】terrible 【导语】 本文讲述了 2011 年日本东北海岸大地震及后续海啸、核事故的经过与影响，展现了灾害的破坏力，同时也强调了防灾准备的重要性和人们在灾难中展现的勇气。 【详解】 【小题 1】句意：这是该国历史上最强的一次地震。空格前有定冠词 the，需用形容词最高级修饰名词 quake，strong 的最高级 strongest 表示 “最强的”，契合 “历史上最严重地震” 的语境，因此需选用 strong，变形为 strongest。 【小题 2】句意：地震发生时，许多人正在工作。句子为过去进行时（were doing），需用动词的现在分词形式，work 的现在分词 working 表示 “正在工作”，符合地震发生时人们的状态，因此需选用 work，变形为 working。 【小题 3】句意：几分钟后，海啸来袭。“a few minutes later” 是固定表达，意为 “几分钟后”，用于描述时间顺序，因此需选用 later，保持原形。 【小题 4】句意：巨浪突然猛烈袭来，席卷沿海城镇，卷走了汽车、房屋甚至船只。此处需用副词修饰动词 carried，away 可构成固定搭配 carry away，意为 “卷走、冲走”，契合海啸席卷物品的语境，因此需选用 away。 【小题 5】句意：这迫使成千上万的当地人立即离开家园。“force sb. to do sth.” 是固定结构，to 后接动词原形，leave one’s home 意为 “离开家园”，符合人们因核辐射撤离的语境，因此需选用 leave，保持原形。 【小题 6】句意：实际上，情况比人们想象的还要糟糕。此处需用副词修饰整个句子，actually 意为 “实际上”，用于补充说明真实情况，因此需选用 actual，变形为 Actually，位于句首首字母要大写。 【小题 7】句意：人们意识到大自然的力量有多强大。“how + 形容词 / 副词” 可引导感叹语气，powerful 是 power 的形容词形式，意为 “强大的”，契合 “大自然的力量” 的语境，因此需选用 power，变形为 powerful。 【小题 8】句意：我们无法阻止自然灾害，但我们可以学会如何保护自己。“how to do sth.” 是固定结构，to 后接动词原形，protect oneself 意为 “保护自己”，符合防灾主题，因此需选用 protect，保持原形。 【小题 9】句意：例如，我们应该知道地震时该躲在哪里。“where to do sth.” 是固定结构，to 后接动词原形，hide 意为 “躲藏”，契合地震时的避险动作，因此需选用 hide，保持原形。 【小题 10】句意：如果我们做好充分准备，我们就有更好的生存机会。此处需用连词引导条件状语从句，if 意为 “如果”，表示条件关系，契合 “做好准备就能提高生存几率” 的逻辑，因此需选用 if，首字母需要大写。 【小题 11】句意：虽然这是一场可怕的灾难，但日本人民表现出了巨大的勇气。此处需用形容词修饰名词 event，terrible 意为 “可怕的、灾难性的”，契合地震海啸事件的性质，因此需选用 terrible，保持原形。 C  读下面短文，在空白处填入一个恰当的单词或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 You must have heard of the legend (传说) of Yu Gong. There were two mountains in front of his house. The Taihang Mountain was one of the two     1     (mountain). The Taihang Mountains     2     (pass) through the areas of Hebei, Shanxi, Henan and Beijing. They are about 500 kilometres     3     (length). They are one of the     4     (large) mountain ranges in North China. Many legends     5     the very beginning of human civilization come from the Taihang area. For example, Hou Yi protected     6     (he) hometown by shooting the suns. Nv Wa used stones     7     (repair) the sky. They made sure that humans would have a     8     (good) future. Jingwei, Yandi’s little daughter, went to play in the Donghai Sea, drowned in the sea and died. Later, she     9     (become) a divine bird (神鸟) and carried stones from mountains, filling the Donghai Sea. The Taihang Mountains are not only where the ancient stories happened, but also     10     important place with tens of thousands of fossils (化石). These fossils show     11     the earth has changed over time.     12     the same time, we can also learn valuable information about how ancient humans lived from the discoveries around the area. Nowadays, there are     13     (nature) forests around the area with beautiful colours in four seasons. If you need a trip that helps you learn different things about history, culture and other knowledge, the Taihang Mountains are a great     14     (choose) for you. We     15     (wait) for you. 【答案】【小题 1】mountains【小题 2】pass【小题 3】long【小题 4】largest 【小题 5】about【小题 6】his【小题 7】to repair【小题 8】better【小题 9】became 【小题 10】an【小题 11】how【小题 12】At【小题 13】natural【小题 14】choice 【小题 15】are waiting 【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了太行山的地理位置、文化传说及自然价值，说明它是兼具历史、文化与自然景观的旅游胜地。 【详解】 【小题 1】句意：太行山是这两座山之一。“one of + 可数名词复数” 是固定结构，表示 “…… 之一”；mountain 是可数名词，其复数形式是 mountains。 【小题 2】句意：太行山穿过河北、山西、河南和北京地区。句子主语 “The Taihang Mountains” 是复数，且描述客观事实用一般现在时，谓语用动词原形 pass。 【小题 3】句意：它们长约 500 公里。“500 kilometres” 后需接形容词表示长度，length 的形容词形式是 long，表示 “长的”。 【小题 4】句意：它们是中国北方最大的山脉之一。“one of the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数” 是固定结构，表示 “最…… 之一”；large 的最高级是 largest。 【小题 5】句意：许多关于人类文明起源的传说都来自太行地区。about 表示 “关于”，契合 “关于人类文明起源的传说” 的语义。 【小题 6】句意：例如，后羿通过射日保护了他的家乡。此处需要形容词性物主代词修饰名词 hometown；he 的形容词性物主代词是 his，表示 “他的”。 【小题 7】句意：女娲用石头修补天空。“use sth. to do sth.” 是固定结构，表示 “用某物做某事”，后接动词不定式，动词 repair 的不定式为 to repair，表示 “修补”。 【小题 8】句意：他们确保人类会有一个更好的未来。补天射日是为了让人类拥有更好的未来，此处暗含 “与之前相比” 的语境，需用形容词比较级；good 的比较级是 better，表示 “更好的”。 【小题 9】句意：后来，她变成了一只神鸟，从山上衔来石头，填平了东海。句子描述的是古代传说，用一般过去时；become 的过去式是 became。因此填 became。 【小题 10】句意：太行山不仅是古代故事发生的地方，也是一个有上万块化石的重要地点。important 是以元音音素开头的形容词，修饰可数名词单数 place 时，需用不定冠词 “an”。 【小题 11】句意：这些化石展示了地球是如何随时间变化的。此处需要引导宾语从句的连接词，how 表示 “如何”，契合 “展示地球变化方式” 的语义。 【小题 12】句意：同时，我们也可以从该地区的发现中了解到古代人类的生活信息。“at the same time” 是固定短语，表示 “同时”，句首首字母需大写。因此填 At。 【小题 13】句意：如今，该地区周围有自然森林，四季景色优美。此处需要形容词修饰名词 forests “森林”；nature 的形容词形式为 natural，表示 “自然的”。 【小题 14】句意：如果你需要一次能了解历史、文化和其他知识的旅行，太行山对你来说是一个不错的选择。“a great” 后需接名词，choose 的名词形式是 choice，可数名词，a great choice 表示 “一个很不错的选择”，因此填 choice。 【小题 15】句意：我们正等着你。结合语境，此处表示 “正在等待”，用现在进行时 (be + 现在分词)；主语 We 是复数，be 动词用 are，wait 的现在分词是 waiting。因此填 are waiting。 D 阅读短文，根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。 Welcome to Xuchang Central Park Xuchang Central Park is a very famous and beautiful park in our city. It is in the center of Xuchang. It has a total area of about 2.2 million square meters and is     1     largest park in our city. It is full     2     fresh air and beautiful views. That’s why it is called the city’s “green lung (肺)”. In the park, many colorful flowers     3     tall trees can be seen here. There     4     also a big lake with clean water. The air here is very fresh. Many people like to come here to relax. It is a wonderful place for families     5     have a picnic. The best part is that it is free for everyone. 【答案】【小题 1】the【小题 2】of【小题 3】and【小题 4】is【小题 5】to 【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了许昌中央公园的地理位置、面积、美丽的景色以及人们在公园里的休闲活动。 【详解】 【小题 1】句意：它总面积约 220 万平方米，是我市最大的公园。largest 是形容词 large 的最高级形式，形容词最高级前面必须加定冠词 the，用于限定特指全市范围内规模最大的公园。 【小题 2】句意：这里充满清新的空气与秀丽的风景。固定搭配 be full of，意为 “充满……”，介词 of 后接名词，作 full 的补充说明成分。 【小题 3】句意：在公园里，随处可见五彩斑斓的鲜花与高大的树木。many colorful flowers 和 tall trees 是两个并列对等的名词短语，属于并列事物，并列连词 and 用于连接并列名词，翻译为 “和”。 【小题 4】句意：这里还有一片水质清澈的大湖。本句为 there be 存在句型，遵循就近一致原则，空格后 a big lake 是单数可数名词，全文使用一般现在时介绍客观情况，因此 be 动词选用 is。 【小题 5】句意：这是适合一家人野餐的绝佳场所。固定结构 a place for sb. to do sth.，不定式 to have a picnic 作后置定语，限定说明这个场所的用途；to 为不定式符号，后接动词原形。 E 读下面短文，在空白处填入一个恰当的单词或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 Altay (阿勒泰) is a beautiful place in Xinjiang, China. It is famous     1     its wonderful natural views and rich local culture. Many people truly love traveling here all year round. One of the     2     (popular) places in Altay is Kanas Lake. People often call it “a pearl (珍珠) on the grassland”. Tall mountains quietly surround the lake, making it very beautiful. Another famous place is the Altay Mountains. They run along the border (边界) of China, Mongolia and Russia. The mountains are covered in thick     3     (forest) in summer and white snow in winter. It looks     4     (complete) different and amazing in different seasons.     5     you’re interested in local culture, you can visit the Kazakh settlements (哈萨克部落). Their traditional life, beautiful music and special local customs     6     (attract) millions of people already. Besides, Altay has lots of delicious local food.     7     (taste) fresh hand-grabbed mutton, tasty mutton rice and crispy traditional bread is a great pleasure. The local milk tea and lake fish are also widely popular among visitors. These special foods surely bring people     8     wonderful taste experience. In a word, Altay is a great place     9     (visit). Whether you love nature or local culture, Altay has something to interest you. So why not plan a trip to Altay, enjoy its beauty and really enjoy     10     (you), my dear friends? 【答案】【小题 1】for【小题 2】most popular【小题 3】forests【小题 4】completely 【小题 5】If【小题 6】have attracted【小题 7】Tasting【小题 8】a【小题 9】to visit【小题 10】yourselves 【导语】 本文介绍了新疆阿勒泰的自然风光、文化特色及美食。 【详解】 【小题 1】句意：它以美丽的自然风光和丰富的当地文化而闻名。“be famous for” 是形容词短语，意为 “以…… 而闻名”，后接闻名的原因。 【小题 2】句意：阿勒泰最受欢迎的地方之一是喀纳斯湖。“one of the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数” 是固定句型，popular 的最高级是 most popular。 【小题 3】句意：夏天山上覆盖着茂密的森林，冬天则是皑皑白雪。介词 “in” 后需接名词，forest 为可数名词，此处表示泛指，需用复数形式 forests。 【小题 4】句意：在不同季节看起来完全不同。空格处修饰形容词 “different”，需用副词，表示 “完全地”，complete 的副词形式是 completely。 【小题 5】句意：如果你对当地文化感兴趣，你可以拜访哈萨克部落。空格后是完整句子，与主句构成条件关系，表示 “如果”，需用从属连词 If，位于句首首字母大写。 【小题 6】句意：他们传统的日常生活、优美的音乐和独特的民俗吸引了数以百万计的人。时间状语 “already” 是现在完成时的标志，表示动作已经发生；主语 “Their traditional life, beautiful music and special local customs” 是复数，attract 的现在完成时形式为 have attracted。 【小题 7】句意：品尝新鲜的手抓羊肉、美味的羊肉抓饭和酥脆的传统饼是一种极大的享受。空格处在句中作主语，表示 “品尝” 这一行为，需用动名词形式；位于句首，需首字母大写，故用 Tasting。 【小题 8】句意：这些特色美食一定会给人们带来美妙的味觉体验。“experience” 为可数名词单数，此处表示泛指 “一种”，且 wonderful 是辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词 a 修饰。 【小题 9】句意：总之，阿勒泰是一个值得游览的好地方。“a place to visit” 是名词短语，动词不定式作后置定语，故用 to visit。 【小题 10】句意：那么，亲爱的朋友们，为什么不计划一趟阿勒泰之旅，欣赏它的美景，真正享受自己呢？“enjoy oneself” 是动词短语，意为 “玩得愉快”，主语是 “you”，需用反身代词 yourselves。 完形填空。 A 阅读下面语篇，从各小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Have you ever heard of Mount K2 (乔戈里峰)? It is known as Savage Mountain because many people     1     die or get hurt while they were climbing it. K2 is the second highest mountain in the world after Mount Qomolangma. People never     2     Mount K2 in winter. Both storms and cold weather make it     3     to climb this mountain during that time. K2 is famous     4     one of the most difficult mountains to climb. It is known by different     5     such as Chogori and Ketu. The name Chogori     6     “the king of mountains”. A part of the mountain lies in Pakistan. The other     7     of the mountain lie in Xinjiang, China. Thomas Montgomerie did the first survey of Mount K2 and measured its height. He named the     8     K2 — “K” stood for Karakoram (喀喇昆仑). K2 was the     9     mountain listed, so the name had the number “2”. The     10     time to climb K2 is between April and October. It takes at least 3 weeks to complete the climbing. 1.A．used to B．tried to C．listened to 2.A．fall B．achieve C．climb 3.A．important B．difficult C．amazing 4.A．to B．by C．as 5.A．names B．pictures C．stories 6.A．shows B．means C．calls 7.A．parts B．objects C．voices 8.A．survey B．river C．mountain 9.A．first B．second C．third 10.A．best B．oldest C．farthest 【答案】【小题 1】A【小题 2】C【小题 3】B【小题 4】C【小题 5】A【小题 6】B 【小题 7】A【小题 8】C【小题 9】B【小题 10】A 【导语】 本文介绍了乔戈里峰被称为野蛮峰的原因、地理位置、名称由来、命名过程以及最佳攀登时间等相关信息。 【详解】 【小题 1】句意：它被称作野蛮之山，因为过去很多人在攀登时丧命或受伤。 used to do 表示 “过去常常”，贴合这座山历来危险的背景。tried to “尽力”、listened to “听” 代入句意不通顺。 【小题 2】句意：人们从不在冬天攀登乔戈里峰。 根据 “Mount K2” 及后文 “climb this mountain”，此处指攀登山峰，应用 climb。 【小题 3】句意：风暴和寒冷天气使得在那时攀登这座山变得困难。 根据 “storms and cold weather” 可知环境恶劣，攀登困难，difficult “困难的” 符合。important “重要的”、amazing “令人惊奇的” 不符合语境。 【小题 4】句意：K2 作为最难攀登的山峰之一而闻名。 此处表身份，固定搭配 be famous as 意为 “作为…… 而闻名”，符合语境。 【小题 5】句意：它因不同的名字而闻名，如 Chogori 和 Ketu。 后文列举 “Chogori and Ketu” 两个名称，names “名字” 匹配。pictures “图片”、stories “故事” 与后文举例不符。 【小题 6】句意：Chogori 这个名字意思是 “群山之王”。 解释名字含义用 means “意思是”。 【小题 7】句意：山的其他部分位于中国新疆。 the other parts 对应前文 a part，表山体的其他部分；objects “物品”、voices “声音” 语义无关。 【小题 8】句意：他给这座山峰命名为 K2。 全文围绕山峰展开，mountain “山峰” 符合。 【小题 9】句意：K2 是列出的第二座山，所以名字里有数字 “2”。 根据 “name had the number ‘2’ ” 可知，是第二座。 【小题 10】句意：攀登 K2 的最佳时间是 4 月到 10 月。 此处表示 “最佳时机”，best time 为固定搭配。  Two years ago, on a flight to New Zealand, I watched the film Everest. In the film, a group of travellers get stuck on the mountain in a snowstorm and almost     1     dies. Maybe I just needed more adventures in my life, I thought. So I     2     my resolution to start climbing, which was not the reaction (反应) most people had after watching that film. I decided to climb the highest mountain in every European     3    , about 50 mountains in total. I wanted to see if girls just like me could climb mountains.     4     I was just a normal teenager, I wished to be a role model for girls. There is no standard definition (标准定义) of a mountain. In Holland, the highest mountain is     5    just a small hill. You could even park your car at the top. It sounded a bit like cheating, but I still decided to climb the     6     mountain. Then, I chose to climb Mount Elbrus in Russia, Europe’s highest mountain. It was tiring, but I made it. And I started to make plans for climbing during my     7     to Switzerland, where I planned to climb Dufourspitze, but heavy snow caused the plan to fall through. I realized that I should     8     myself for any change before going up a mountain. Climbing mountains is an experience that is hard to put     9     words. You are in a beautiful environment, and when you     10     the top, you feel extremely happy. But also you have to climb down, which is when most accidents happen — since people are tired and it gets dark, it’s     11     to keep safe. You have to     12     your weak side while climbing. I am afraid of things getting out of control, but I     13     I couldn’t control anything on a mountain. However, I successfully     14     the problem. If you’re     15     on a mountain, quietly with your thoughts for hours, later you will return home with a light heart. 1.A．everybody B．nobody C．somebody D．anybody 2.A．gave up B．wrote down C．lay down D．broke up 3.A．park B．garden C．lake D．country 4.A．As B．Unless C．Although D．If 5.A．recently B．usually C．normally D．actually 6.A．first B．second C．third D．last 7.A．memory B．lesson C．journey D．experience 8.A．dress B．introduce C．invite D．prepare 9.A．over B．off C．into D．with 10.A．clean B．reach C．taste D．hunt 11.A．easier B．harder C．funnier D．slower 12.A．study B．love C．prefer D．accept 13.A．found B．refused C．left D．promised 14.A．solved B．took C．cared D．heard 15.A．singing B．driving C．standing D．Sleeping 【答案】【小题 1】A【小题 2】B【小题 3】D【小题 4】C【小题 5】D【小题 6】A 【小题 7】C【小题 8】D【小题 9】C【小题 10】B【小题 11】B【小题 12】D 【小题 13】A【小题 14】A【小题 15】C 【导语】 本文讲述作者两年前观看电影《绝命海拔》后决心开始登山，计划攀登欧洲各国最高峰，在登山过程中学会接受变化、面对恐惧，并最终获得成长的故事。 【详解】 【小题 1】句意：影片中，一群旅行者在暴风雪中困在山上，几乎所有人都死了。 根据 “a group of travellers get stuck…almost____dies” 可知，几乎所有人都遇难。everybody（每个人）符合语境；nobody（没有人）与 almost 矛盾；somebody（某人）和 anybody（任何人）均不表示 “所有人”。 【小题 2】句意：于是我写下了开始登山的决心，这和大多数人看完那部电影后的反应不同。 write down one’s resolution 意为 “写下某人的决心”。wrote down（写下）符合；gave up（放弃）、lay down（躺下）、broke up（分手 / 破裂）均不符合 “记录决心” 的语义。 【小题 3】句意：我决定攀登欧洲每个国家的最高峰，总共约 50 座山。 根据 “about 50 mountains in total” 及欧洲共有约 50 个国家可知，指每个 “国家”。country（国家）符合；park（公园）、garden（花园）、lake（湖）与 “50 座山” 的计数单位不匹配。 【小题 4】句意：虽然我只是一个普通青少年，但我希望成为女孩们的榜样。 前后为让步关系，应用 Although 引导让步状语从句。Although（虽然）正确；As（因为 / 当…… 时）表因果或时间，Unless（除非）表条件，If（如果）表假设，均不符合让步逻辑。 【小题 5】句意：在荷兰，最高的山实际上只是一个小山丘。 指出令人意外的事实，应用 actually（实际上）。recently（最近）、usually（通常）、normally（正常地）均不能表达 “与表面认知相反” 的转折意味。 【小题 6】句意：这听起来有点像作弊，但我仍然决定攀登第一座山。 根据上文 “the highest mountain is just a small hill” 及下文 “then I chose to climb Mount Elbrus” 可知，先从荷兰这座 “第一座” 山开始。first（第一）符合；second（第二）、third（第三）、last（最后）与 “开始” 的语义顺序不符。 【小题 7】句意：我从去瑞士的旅程开始制定攀登计划，原计划攀登杜富尔峰，但大雪使计划落空。 根据 “to Switzerland” 及上下文，指去瑞士的 “旅程”。journey（旅程）正确；memory（记忆）、lesson（教训）、experience（经验）均不表示具体的 “出行行为”。 【小题 8】句意：我意识到在上山之前应该为任何变化做好准备。 prepare oneself for sth. 意为 “使自己为某事做好准备”。prepare（准备）正确；dress（穿衣）、introduce（介绍）、invite（邀请）均不与 oneself for 构成此搭配。 【小题 9】句意：登山是一种难以用语言表达的体验。 put into words 为固定搭配，意为 “用语言表达”。into（进入）正确；over（在…… 上方）、off（离开）、with（和）均不能与 put 和 words 构成此固定搭配。 【小题 10】句意：当你到达山顶时，你会感到非常快乐。 reach the top 意为 “到达山顶”。reach（到达）正确；clean（清洁）、taste（品尝）、hunt（打猎）均不能与 the top 构成 “登顶” 语义。 【小题 11】句意：但你还必须下山，而大多数事故都发生在这个时候 —— 因为人们疲惫了，天也黑了，保持安全就更难了。 根据 “most accidents happen” 可知，保持安全更难。harder（更难）符合逻辑；easier（更容易）与事故多发矛盾；funnier（更有趣）、slower（更慢）与安全难度无关。 【小题 12】句意：在登山过程中你必须接受自己软弱的一面。 根据上下文，作者学会面对恐惧，应 “接受” 弱点。accept（接受）正确；study（学习）、love（爱）、prefer（更喜欢）均不能体现 “正视并接纳自身不足” 的语义。 【小题 13】句意：我害怕事情失控，但我发现在山上我无法控制任何事。 根据句意，作者意识到一个事实，应用 found（发现）。refused（拒绝）、left（离开）、promised（承诺）均不符合 “认识到某一客观情况” 的语境。 【小题 14】句意：然而，我成功解决了这个问题。 solve the problem 意为 “解决问题”。solved（解决）正确；took（拿）、cared（关心）、heard（听见）均不能与 problem 构成 “解决” 搭配。 【小题 15】句意：如果你站在山上，安静地与自己的思绪相伴几个小时，之后你会带着轻松的心情回家。 根据登山语境及 “quietly with your thoughts” 可知，指 “站在” 山上。standing（站立）正确；singing（唱歌）、driving（开车）、sleeping（睡觉）与 “安静地与自己思绪相伴” 的场景不符。 阅读理解。 A Jiujiang is a beautiful city in Jiangxi Province. It has many fantastic places for people to visit. Let’s introduce three great places! 1. Mount Lu Mount Lu is famous for its green mountains and clear water. You can see strange rocks and beautiful waterfalls here. In spring, flowers bloom (绽放) everywhere, making the mountain like a colorful painting. Many people like to climb the mountain and enjoy the fresh air. It’s also a great place to learn about history because many famous writers wrote great poems about Mount Lu. 2. Poyang Lake Poyang Lake is the largest freshwater lake in China. It’s a paradise (天堂) for birds. Every winter, thousands of birds fly here from the north to spend the winter. You can take a boat trip on the lake and watch the birds flying freely. The lake looks blue and calm on sunny days, and the sunset here is especially beautiful. It’s a wonderful place to relax and enjoy nature. 3. Donglin Temple Donglin Temple is a famous Buddhist (佛教的) temple. It has a long history of more than 1,600 years. Ancient trees are around the temple, which makes it quiet and peaceful. The buildings in the temple are traditional and beautiful. Many people come here to wish for good luck. The temple is also famous for its beautiful lotus pond (荷花池), where lotus flowers bloom in summer. 1. What is Mount Lu famous for? A．Special birds and clear lake water. B．Ancient buildings and long history. C．Green mountains and clear water. D．Beautiful lotus flowers in summer. 2. Why do thousands of birds come to Poyang Lake every winter? A．To enjoy beautiful sunset. B．To look for friends. C．To fly around the lake freely. D．To spend the winter here. 3. How long is the history of Donglin Temple? A．About 1,600 years. B．Over 1,600 years. C．Less than 1,600 years. D．Exactly 1,600 years. 【答案】【小题 1】C【小题 2】D【小题 3】B【 导语】本文是一篇旅游介绍，介绍了江西省九江市的三个景点：庐山、鄱阳湖和东林寺，包括它们的特色和活动。【详解】【小题 1】Mount Lu 部分提到 “Mount Lu is famous for its green mountains and clear water.”，庐山以青山碧水闻名。 【小题 2】Poyang Lake 部分提到 “Every winter, thousands of birds fly here from the north to spend the winter.”，候鸟来此过冬。 【小题 3】Donglin Temple 部分提到 “It has a long history of more than 1,600 years.”，东林寺有超过 1600 年历史。更多更多 B  Have you heard of the Amazon Rainforest in Brazil, South America? It covers about 5.5 million square kilometers and is home to millions of plant and animal species (物种). The Amazon Rainforest gives us plenty of oxygen (氧气) which helps humans and animals breathe. That is why people call it “the lungs of the Earth”. The huge forest works like a big air conditioner (空调). Trees take carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) and give out oxygen through photosynthesis (光合作用). The Amazon Rainforest also helps make the climate around the world stable. If this forest is gone, the global weather will become more changeable. Sadly, the rainforest is in great danger. Every year, large areas are cut down for farming or wood. In the past 50 years, about 17% of the forest has disappeared. If this continues, many animals will lose their homes and the balance of nature could be broken. Scientists warn that losing the Amazon would speed up global warming. Protecting the Amazon is not only Brazil’s job—it is the duty of the whole world. Small actions like saving paper and recycling (回收) waste can make a difference. We must act now before it is too late to save this natural treasure. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1. Why is the Amazon Rainforest called “the lungs of the Earth”? A．Because it is the biggest forest in the world. B．Because it creates fresh water for the earth. C．Because it has many trees that look like lungs. D．Because it provides lots of oxygen to breathe. 2. What does the underlined word “stable” probably mean in Paragraph 2? A．Changing greatly. B．Remaining the same. C．Getting warmer. D．Becoming worse. 3. Which of the following is NOT true about the Amazon Rainforest? A．It helps control the climate all over the world. B．It is about 5.5 million square kilometers in size. C．It gives out carbon dioxide through photosynthesis. D．It is being destroyed by humans for wood or farming. 4. How can we protect the Amazon Rainforest according to the passage? A．By saving paper and recycling waste. B．By visiting the rainforest more often. C．By building more roads in the forest. D．By using more wood to build houses. 5. What is the main purpose of this passage? A．To tell us how the Amazon Rainforest was formed. B．To describe the animals living in the Amazon Rainforest. C．To compare the Amazon Rainforest with other forests around the world. D．To introduce the importance of the Amazon Rainforest and ask for its protection. 【答案】【小题 1】D【小题 2】B【小题 3】C【小题 4】A【小题 5】D 【导语】 本文主要介绍了南美洲亚马逊雨林的重要性（被称为 “地球之肺”，调节全球气候），指出了其面临的危机（砍伐导致面积减少、生态失衡、加剧全球变暖），并呼吁全世界共同行动，通过节约用纸和回收废物等小事来保护这一自然宝藏。 【详解】 【小题 1】根据第一段最后两句 “The Amazon Rainforest gives us plenty of oxygen... That is why people call it ‘the lungs of the Earth’.” 可知，亚马逊雨林被称为 “地球之肺” 是因为它提供了大量供人和动物呼吸的氧气。 【小题 2】根据第二段画线词后的句子 “If this forest is gone, the global weather will become more changeable.” 可知，如果森林消失，气候会变得多变。由此推断，森林存在时使气候保持 “stable”，即与 “changeable”（多变的）相反，意为 “稳定的、保持不变的”。 【小题 3】根据第二段 “Trees take carbon dioxide... and give out oxygen through photosynthesis” 可知，树木通过光合作用吸收二氧化碳并释放氧气。C 选项称其释放二氧化碳，与原文事实相反，因此是不正确的选项。 【小题 4】根据最后一段 “Small actions like saving paper and recycling waste can make a difference.” 可知，文章建议通过节约纸张和回收废物等小行动来保护亚马逊雨林。 【小题 5】通读全文可知，文章第一段和第二段介绍了亚马逊雨林的重要性（提供氧气、稳定气候），第三段指出了它面临的危险，最后一段呼吁全世界共同保护。因此，文章的主要目的是介绍其重要性并呼吁保护。 C  Have you ever imagined a place with rainbow-colored water? Welcome to Jiuzhaigou Valley in Sichuan, one of the world’s most amazing natural wonders. It is famous for clear water and colorful lakes. The water shines in blue and green, just like beautiful jewels. Its special colors come from clean water, special minerals and sediments (沉积物). The lakes also perfectly reflect forests, skies and clouds, creating lovely views everywhere. Jiuzhaigou has many great waterfalls. Nuorilang Waterfall is China’s widest travertine (钙华) waterfall. The rushing water sounds like wonderful natural music. The Five-Colour Pond, the smallest lake here, has the brightest colors. The valley looks great all year round. Spring brings fresh leaves and melting snow. Summer is lively with green trees and running water. Autumn is the most colorful season, with hills covered in red, yellow and orange leaves. In winter, everything turns white and quiet. Water and falls freeze into amazing ice art. Jiuzhaigou is a truly valuable gift from nature. Its beauty reminds us how important it is to protect the environment. We should all be responsible visitors so that this wonderful place will remain magical for our children and grandchildren. 1. Where is Jiuzhaigou Valley? A．In Yunnan. B．In Sichuan. C．In Guizhou. D．In Hunan. 2. Why does the water in Jiuzhaigou have special colors? A．Because there are many fish in the water. B．Because people put colorful things into the water. C．Because it reflects different kinds of flowers. D．Because the water is clean and has special minerals. 3. What can we infer from Paragraphs 3 and 4? A．Jiuzhaigou has different beautiful views in different seasons. B．Five-Colour Pond is famous for its large size. C．People can only enjoy waterfalls in summer. D．All lakes in Jiuzhaigou will dry up in winter. 4. Why does the writer write the passage? A．To tell us how to travel to Jiuzhaigou. B．To introduce Jiuzhaigou and call on people to protect nature. C．To show different kinds of lakes in the world. D．To explain how ice art forms in winter. 5. How is the passage organized? A． B． C． D． 【答案】【小题 1】B【小题 2】D【小题 3】A【小题 4】B【小题 5】A 【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍四川九寨沟的水景、景观与四季风光并呼吁大家保护环境。 【详解】 【小题 1】根据第一段中 “Welcome to Jiuzhaigou Valley in Sichuan” 可知，九寨沟位于四川。 【小题 2】根据第二段中 “Its special colors come from clean water, special minerals and sediments.” 可知，水体独特色彩源于洁净水质与特殊矿物质。 【小题 3】根据第四段中 “The valley looks great all year round. Spring brings fresh leaves...Summer is lively...Autumn is the most colorful season...In winter, everything turns white and quiet.” 可知，九寨沟四季拥有各不相同的美景，A 选项正确。根据第三段中 “The Five‑Colour Pond, the smallest lake here, has the brightest colors.” 可知，五彩池面积最小，B 选项错误；文中仅提及夏季草木繁茂流水潺潺，没有说明只能夏季观赏瀑布，C 选项错误；根据第四段中 “In winter, everything turns white and quiet. Water and falls freeze into amazing ice art.” 可知，冬季湖水会结冰而非干涸，D 选项错误。 【小题 4】全文前四段介绍九寨沟各类自然风光，再根据第五段中 “Its beauty reminds us how important it is to protect the environment. We should all be responsible visitors” 可知，作者在介绍完九寨沟美景后，提醒大家保护环境、做文明游客，所以文章写作目的是介绍九寨沟并号召人们保护自然。 【小题 5】文章第一段总起引出九寨沟，第二、三、四段分别介绍湖水、瀑布、四季景色，第五段总结升华呼吁环保，整体为 “总‑分‑总” 结构，对应 A 选项结构图。 阅读短文，用英语填空或回答问题（请注意每小题的词数要求） .  The Yangtze River is one of the most important rivers in China. It is the longest river in Asia and the third longest river in the world. It is about 6,300 kilometers long and covers an area of about 1.8 million square kilometers. The Location of the Yangtze River The Yangtze River originates (起源) from the Tanggula Mountains. Its main stream (干流) goes through the middle of China from west to east. It runs through 11 provinces and cities. Finally, it runs into the East Sea. The Culture of the Yangtze River The Yangtze River has a colorful and exciting history. We can not only enjoy its beautiful and amazing scenery, just like the Three Gorges (峡谷), but also we can learn a lot from its rich culture, such as the special festival culture, the cooking culture and so on. The Three Gorges is the most beautiful and famous part along the Yangtze River. It is the birthplace of ancient Chinese culture. They are Qutang Gorge, Wu Gorge and Xiling Gorge. People call it a wonder in the world. The __________ of the Yangtze River The Yangtze River is home to many important wild animals, such as Chinese sturgeon (中华鲟), paddle fish (白鲟) and Chinese river dolphin (白鳍豚). For thousands of years, the Yangtze River has seen the hard work of the Chinese people. It gives birth to the hard-working, brave and innovative (创新) spirits of the Yangtze River. And the spirits are leading us to work hard to achieve our Chinese dream. The Yangtze River is the mother river of our Chinese nation. We must protect it well. Never throw rubbish into it. We also need to save water and plant more trees on both sides. Let’s take action and play our own part in making it more beautiful! 1. The Yangtze River is one of     1     rivers in China.(3 个词) 2. Fill in the blanks according to the passage. the Yangtze River Location originates from the Tanggula Mountains     2     (2个词) the middle of China runs into the East Sea Culture History: colourful and exciting Scenery: beautiful and amazing Culture:     3     (3个词)     4     (1个词) Wildlife: home People: hard-working, brave, spirits 3. What do you think of the Yangtze River? What can you do for it? (15词以内)     5     【答案】【小题 1】the most important【小题 2】goes through rich and special Influence/Meaning/Importance【小题 3】It’s so important that we should try our best to protect it. 【导语】 本文从地理位置、人文文化、自然生态、人文精神四大维度介绍长江，同时呼吁大家保护长江。 【详解】 【小题 1】原文第一句 “The Yangtze River is one of the most important rivers in China.” 说明长江是中国最重要的河流之一，因此此处需填 “the most important”。 【小题 2】①The Location of the Yangtze River 部分 “The Yangtze River originates (起源) from the Tanggula Mountains. Its main stream (干流) goes through the middle of China from west to east.” 指出长江发源于唐古拉山脉，干流自西向东横贯中国中部，此处缺少谓语动词，需填入 “goes through”。②The Culture of the Yangtze River 部分 “We cannot only enjoy its beautiful and amazing scenery, just like the Three Gorges (峡谷), but also we can learn a lot from its rich culture, such as the special festival culture, the cooking culture and so on.” 指出长江蕴含丰厚的文化，比如特色节庆文化、饮食文化，因此此处需填入 “rich and special”；③The...of the Yangtze River 部分 “The Yangtze River is home to many important wild animals… It gives birth to the hard‑working, brave and innovative (创新) spirits of the Yangtze River.” 说明长江是野生动物的家园，孕育了勤劳、勇敢和创新精神，说明了长江的影响 / 意义 / 重要性，对应 “Influence/Meaning/Importance”，与前面标题格式保持一致，单词首字母需大写。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Day 12 限时练习：60min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 形容词、副词的比较等级（原卷版） 形容词、副词的比较等级（原级、比较级、最高级） 一、等级基础概念英语形容词、副词分三级： 原级（单词原形）、比较级（两者对比）、最高级（三者及以上范围对比）；形容词用来修饰名词，对比事物的属性；副词用来修饰动词，对比动作的状态。 三类句法用法详解 原级（描述基准程度，高频结构 as…as）：用于两者程度持平的比对 例：they can “see” as well as others.（副词原级 as well as，对比不同深海动物 “视物” 的能力） 比较级（二者相互对比，词尾常 + er）：对两组人、事物做程度高低对比，常搭配and构成 “越来越……” 结构 例：the noise of the water slowly grew louder and louder（louder 是 loud 的比较级，表水声渐渐变得越来越响） 最高级（≥3 个对象做排名，词尾常 + est）：限定范围里程度排在首位，形容词最高级前一般加定冠词the；搭配one of the + 形容词最高级 + 复数名词，表示 “最…… 的事物之一” 例 1：What is the biggest desert in the world?（biggest 为 big 的形容词最高级，在全球沙漠范畴做排名） 例 2：Mount Qomolangma is one of the greatest wonders of the world（greatest 是 great 最高级，套用 one of 结构） 二、高频固定句式（填空必背） 1. 最高级核心句式 （1）特殊疑问句：What/Which is the + 形容词最高级 + 名词 + 范围？（用来对范围内 “程度第一” 的对象提问） 例：What is the deepest point in the ocean? （2）one of the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数：“最…… 的…… 之一”，名词必须写复数 例：one of the world's largest waterfalls（世界规模最大的瀑布之一） （3）主语 + 动词 + the + 副词最高级 + 范围：副词最高级修饰谓语动作 例：The Yangtze River travels the farthest in China. 2. 比较级核心句式（1）比较级 + and + 相同比较级：译为 “越来越……” 例：louder and louder（越来越喧闹）；closer and closer（越来越近） （2）A + 比较级 + than B：A 比 B 更……（教材 4d 拓展造句模板：Which park is bigger, Park A or Park B?）3. 原级核心句式as + 原级（adj./adv.）+ as：和…… 程度一样 例：see as well as others（和其他动物的 “视物” 能力一样出色） 三、变形基础规则（本册词套用） 一般单词直接加后缀：比较级 + er、最高级 + est tall→taller→tallest；loud→louder→loudest 以重读闭音节（辅 + 元 + 辅）结尾：双写末尾辅音字母再加 er/est big→bigger→biggest；deep→deeper→deepest 不规则变形（本单元必背）：far→farther/further→farthest/furthest（表距离远近，最高级 farthest）；good/well→better→best 4、 易混易错要点梳理 易错点 1：形容词最高级定冠词the的规范 形容词最高级前面必须加 the：the biggest desert；副词最高级里 the 可以省略，教材例句travels (the) farthest两种写法都合规。 易错点 2：one of结构名词形式出错 ❌ one of the greatest wonder（单数名词） ✅ one of the greatest wonders（复数名词） 易错点 3：区分形容词、副词的修饰对象 形容词最高级修饰名词：the deepest point（deepest 修饰名词 point，判定为形容词） 副词最高级修饰动词：travels the farthest（farthest 修饰动作 travel，判定为副词） 易错点 4：范围介词搭配失误 描述 “在某片地域之中” 用介词in：the deepest point in the ocean；in the world 五、配套典型例句（取自教材原题） 形容词最高级（限定范围排名）：What is the biggest desert in the world? one of 最高级固定搭配：Mount Qomolangma is one of the greatest wonders of the world. 副词原级同级比较：they can “see” as well as others. 比较级 “越来越……” 结构：the noise of the water slowly grew louder and louder. 副词最高级修饰谓语：The Yangtze River travels the farthest in China. 单项选择。 ()1. Which is ______ desert in the world, the Sahara or Gobi? A. big B. bigger C. biggest D. the biggest ()2. This lake is as ______ as that one in Tibet. A. deep B. deeper C. deepest D. the deepest ()3. The Yangtze River runs ______ in China among all rivers. A. far B. farther C. farthest D. further ()4. Qomolangma is one of ______ natural wonders on Earth. A. great B. greater C. greatest D. the greatest ()5. As we walk ______ to the waterfall, we can hear clearer water sounds. close B. closer C. closest D. the closest ()6. The wind became ______ as we climbed up the mountain. A. strong and strong B. stronger and stronger C. more strong D. the strongest ()7. Of all the students in our class, Tom writes ______. A. careful B. more careful C. most carefully D. carefully ()8. —Which lake is ______, Poyang Lake or Dongting Lake? —Poyang Lake, of course. A. large B. larger C. largest D. the largest ()9. No other trench is ______ the Mariana Trench in depth. A. as deep as B. deeper C. deepest D. the deepest ()10. This canyon is ______ amazing than I imagined before. A. much B. more C. most D. the most ()11. One of ______ waterfalls in Africa is Victoria Falls. A. famous B. more famous C. most famous D. the most famous ()12. Among all the wild animals, eagles can fly ______ in the sky. A. high B. higher C. highest D. the higher ()13. The river grows ______ as it flows to the sea. A. wide and wide B. wider and wider C. widest D. more wide ()14. —Who draws ______ in your art group? —Lucy. Her pictures are always perfect. A. well B. better C. best D. good ()15. The desert is ______ than the grassland in this area. A. dry B. drier C. driest D. the driest 一、选词填空 A  根据语篇内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词，并用其正确形式填空。每个单词只能用一次。 hot     where     make     keep     amazing     long     an     complete     short     sure You probably remember the Flaming Mountains from Journey to the West. But do you know     1     the real Flaming Mountains are? They are in Turpan, in the east of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. It’s known as one of the     2     areas in the world. The desert sand can be as hot as 80℃ in midsummer. That’s enough     3     your feet burn! It may sound crazy, but the locals can cook an egg on the desert sand. Rainfall in Turpan is only 16 mm a year. It is one of the driest places in China. How do people survive in such a terrible climate? The secret lies in the ancient karez system. The karez system in Turpan includes more than 1000 wells. They appear every 20-30 metres. Some of them are 100 metres deep! Under these wells are large underground canals. Water from the mountains falls into the wells. It then runs underground in the canals. It is     4     cool and safe from the desert heat. There are over 5000 km of underground canals in the area. That’s nearly as     5     as the Yellow River! Thanks to the karez system, people can grow plants for food in this difficult environment. And     6    , all of this was     7     with only hand tools! No wonder it’s among the top three projects of ancient China. Today, the area faces a water     8    . There is less water from the mountains, lower rainfall and a large increase in water use. Although modern technology is solving some problems, the karez system still plays     9     important role. Now, more and more young people are taking action to protect it. The centuries-old water system will     10     be carried into the future. B   请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后用方框中所给词的适当形式填空。每个词限用一次。 work   away       strong   power   protect   hide   if   terrible   later   leave   actual On March 11, 2011, a huge earthquake hit the northeastern coast of Japan. It was the     1     quake in the country's history. The disaster lasted for about six minutes. When the earthquake happened, many people were     2    . However, the earthquake was not the only problem. A few minutes     3    , a tsunami arrived. The huge waves came suddenly and violently. They crashed into coastal towns and carried     4     cars, houses, and even ships. Many people tried to run to higher ground, but the water rose faster than they expected. It was a truly heartbreaking scene. This disaster caused great damage. Thousands of buildings were destroyed, and many people lost their lives. The tsunami also hit a nuclear power plant. It cause a serious accident. This forced thousands of local people to     5     their homes right away. They had to move to safer places to avoid the radiation (辐射).     6    , the situation was even worse than people thought. After the disaster, rescue teams from all over the world came to help. People realized how     7     nature can be. We cannot stop natural disasters, but we can learn how to     8     ourselves. For example, we should know where to     9     when the ground shakes.     10     we make preparations well, we will have a better chance of survival. Although it was a     11     event, the Japanese people showed great courage. They helped each other during the hardest time. Their spirit of never giving up is worth learning. C  读下面短文，在空白处填入一个恰当的单词或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 You must have heard of the legend (传说) of Yu Gong. There were two mountains in front of his house. The Taihang Mountain was one of the two     1     (mountain). The Taihang Mountains     2     (pass) through the areas of Hebei, Shanxi, Henan and Beijing. They are about 500 kilometres     3     (length). They are one of the     4     (large) mountain ranges in North China. Many legends     5     the very beginning of human civilization come from the Taihang area. For example, Hou Yi protected     6     (he) hometown by shooting the suns. Nv Wa used stones     7     (repair) the sky. They made sure that humans would have a     8     (good) future. Jingwei, Yandi’s little daughter, went to play in the Donghai Sea, drowned in the sea and died. Later, she     9     (become) a divine bird (神鸟) and carried stones from mountains, filling the Donghai Sea. The Taihang Mountains are not only where the ancient stories happened, but also     10     important place with tens of thousands of fossils (化石). These fossils show     11     the earth has changed over time.     12     the same time, we can also learn valuable information about how ancient humans lived from the discoveries around the area. Nowadays, there are     13     (nature) forests around the area with beautiful colours in four seasons. If you need a trip that helps you learn different things about history, culture and other knowledge, the Taihang Mountains are a great     14     (choose) for you. We     15     (wait) for you. D 阅读短文，根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。 Welcome to Xuchang Central Park Xuchang Central Park is a very famous and beautiful park in our city. It is in the center of Xuchang. It has a total area of about 2.2 million square meters and is     1     largest park in our city. It is full     2     fresh air and beautiful views. That’s why it is called the city’s “green lung (肺)”. In the park, many colorful flowers     3     tall trees can be seen here. There     4     also a big lake with clean water. The air here is very fresh. Many people like to come here to relax. It is a wonderful place for families     5     have a picnic. The best part is that it is free for everyone. E 读下面短文，在空白处填入一个恰当的单词或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 Altay (阿勒泰) is a beautiful place in Xinjiang, China. It is famous     1     its wonderful natural views and rich local culture. Many people truly love traveling here all year round. One of the     2     (popular) places in Altay is Kanas Lake. People often call it “a pearl (珍珠) on the grassland”. Tall mountains quietly surround the lake, making it very beautiful. Another famous place is the Altay Mountains. They run along the border (边界) of China, Mongolia and Russia. The mountains are covered in thick     3     (forest) in summer and white snow in winter. It looks     4     (complete) different and amazing in different seasons.     5     you’re interested in local culture, you can visit the Kazakh settlements (哈萨克部落). Their traditional life, beautiful music and special local customs     6     (attract) millions of people already. Besides, Altay has lots of delicious local food.     7     (taste) fresh hand-grabbed mutton, tasty mutton rice and crispy traditional bread is a great pleasure. The local milk tea and lake fish are also widely popular among visitors. These special foods surely bring people     8     wonderful taste experience. In a word, Altay is a great place     9     (visit). Whether you love nature or local culture, Altay has something to interest you. So why not plan a trip to Altay, enjoy its beauty and really enjoy     10     (you), my dear friends? 完形填空。 A 阅读下面语篇，从各小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Have you ever heard of Mount K2 (乔戈里峰)? It is known as Savage Mountain because many people     1     die or get hurt while they were climbing it. K2 is the second highest mountain in the world after Mount Qomolangma. People never     2     Mount K2 in winter. Both storms and cold weather make it     3     to climb this mountain during that time. K2 is famous     4     one of the most difficult mountains to climb. It is known by different     5     such as Chogori and Ketu. The name Chogori     6     “the king of mountains”. A part of the mountain lies in Pakistan. The other     7     of the mountain lie in Xinjiang, China. Thomas Montgomerie did the first survey of Mount K2 and measured its height. He named the     8     K2 — “K” stood for Karakoram (喀喇昆仑). K2 was the     9     mountain listed, so the name had the number “2”. The     10     time to climb K2 is between April and October. It takes at least 3 weeks to complete the climbing. 1.A．used to B．tried to C．listened to 2.A．fall B．achieve C．climb 3.A．important B．difficult C．amazing 4.A．to B．by C．as 5.A．names B．pictures C．stories 6.A．shows B．means C．calls 7.A．parts B．objects C．voices 8.A．survey B．river C．mountain 9.A．first B．second C．third 10.A．best B．oldest C．farthest  Two years ago, on a flight to New Zealand, I watched the film Everest. In the film, a group of travellers get stuck on the mountain in a snowstorm and almost     1     dies. Maybe I just needed more adventures in my life, I thought. So I     2     my resolution to start climbing, which was not the reaction (反应) most people had after watching that film. I decided to climb the highest mountain in every European     3    , about 50 mountains in total. I wanted to see if girls just like me could climb mountains.     4     I was just a normal teenager, I wished to be a role model for girls. There is no standard definition (标准定义) of a mountain. In Holland, the highest mountain is     5    just a small hill. You could even park your car at the top. It sounded a bit like cheating, but I still decided to climb the     6     mountain. Then, I chose to climb Mount Elbrus in Russia, Europe’s highest mountain. It was tiring, but I made it. And I started to make plans for climbing during my     7     to Switzerland, where I planned to climb Dufourspitze, but heavy snow caused the plan to fall through. I realized that I should     8     myself for any change before going up a mountain. Climbing mountains is an experience that is hard to put     9     words. You are in a beautiful environment, and when you     10     the top, you feel extremely happy. But also you have to climb down, which is when most accidents happen — since people are tired and it gets dark, it’s     11     to keep safe. You have to     12     your weak side while climbing. I am afraid of things getting out of control, but I     13     I couldn’t control anything on a mountain. However, I successfully     14     the problem. If you’re     15     on a mountain, quietly with your thoughts for hours, later you will return home with a light heart. 1.A．everybody B．nobody C．somebody D．anybody 2.A．gave up B．wrote down C．lay down D．broke up 3.A．park B．garden C．lake D．country 4.A．As B．Unless C．Although D．If 5.A．recently B．usually C．normally D．actually 6.A．first B．second C．third D．last 7.A．memory B．lesson C．journey D．experience 8.A．dress B．introduce C．invite D．prepare 9.A．over B．off C．into D．with 10.A．clean B．reach C．taste D．hunt 11.A．easier B．harder C．funnier D．slower 12.A．study B．love C．prefer D．accept 13.A．found B．refused C．left D．promised 14.A．solved B．took C．cared D．heard 15.A．singing B．driving C．standing D．Sleeping 阅读理解。 A Jiujiang is a beautiful city in Jiangxi Province. It has many fantastic places for people to visit. Let’s introduce three great places! 1. Mount Lu Mount Lu is famous for its green mountains and clear water. You can see strange rocks and beautiful waterfalls here. In spring, flowers bloom (绽放) everywhere, making the mountain like a colorful painting. Many people like to climb the mountain and enjoy the fresh air. It’s also a great place to learn about history because many famous writers wrote great poems about Mount Lu. 2. Poyang Lake Poyang Lake is the largest freshwater lake in China. It’s a paradise (天堂) for birds. Every winter, thousands of birds fly here from the north to spend the winter. You can take a boat trip on the lake and watch the birds flying freely. The lake looks blue and calm on sunny days, and the sunset here is especially beautiful. It’s a wonderful place to relax and enjoy nature. 3. Donglin Temple Donglin Temple is a famous Buddhist (佛教的) temple. It has a long history of more than 1,600 years. Ancient trees are around the temple, which makes it quiet and peaceful. The buildings in the temple are traditional and beautiful. Many people come here to wish for good luck. The temple is also famous for its beautiful lotus pond (荷花池), where lotus flowers bloom in summer. 1. What is Mount Lu famous for? A．Special birds and clear lake water. B．Ancient buildings and long history. C．Green mountains and clear water. D．Beautiful lotus flowers in summer. 2. Why do thousands of birds come to Poyang Lake every winter? A．To enjoy beautiful sunset. B．To look for friends. C．To fly around the lake freely. D．To spend the winter here. 3. How long is the history of Donglin Temple? A．About 1,600 years. B．Over 1,600 years. C．Less than 1,600 years. D．Exactly 1,600 years. B  Have you heard of the Amazon Rainforest in Brazil, South America? It covers about 5.5 million square kilometers and is home to millions of plant and animal species (物种). The Amazon Rainforest gives us plenty of oxygen (氧气) which helps humans and animals breathe. That is why people call it “the lungs of the Earth”. The huge forest works like a big air conditioner (空调). Trees take carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) and give out oxygen through photosynthesis (光合作用). The Amazon Rainforest also helps make the climate around the world stable. If this forest is gone, the global weather will become more changeable. Sadly, the rainforest is in great danger. Every year, large areas are cut down for farming or wood. In the past 50 years, about 17% of the forest has disappeared. If this continues, many animals will lose their homes and the balance of nature could be broken. Scientists warn that losing the Amazon would speed up global warming. Protecting the Amazon is not only Brazil’s job—it is the duty of the whole world. Small actions like saving paper and recycling (回收) waste can make a difference. We must act now before it is too late to save this natural treasure. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1. Why is the Amazon Rainforest called “the lungs of the Earth”? A．Because it is the biggest forest in the world. B．Because it creates fresh water for the earth. C．Because it has many trees that look like lungs. D．Because it provides lots of oxygen to breathe. 2. What does the underlined word “stable” probably mean in Paragraph 2? A．Changing greatly. B．Remaining the same. C．Getting warmer. D．Becoming worse. 3. Which of the following is NOT true about the Amazon Rainforest? A．It helps control the climate all over the world. B．It is about 5.5 million square kilometers in size. C．It gives out carbon dioxide through photosynthesis. D．It is being destroyed by humans for wood or farming. 4. How can we protect the Amazon Rainforest according to the passage? A．By saving paper and recycling waste. B．By visiting the rainforest more often. C．By building more roads in the forest. D．By using more wood to build houses. 5. What is the main purpose of this passage? A．To tell us how the Amazon Rainforest was formed. B．To describe the animals living in the Amazon Rainforest. C．To compare the Amazon Rainforest with other forests around the world. D．To introduce the importance of the Amazon Rainforest and ask for its protection. C  Have you ever imagined a place with rainbow-colored water? Welcome to Jiuzhaigou Valley in Sichuan, one of the world’s most amazing natural wonders. It is famous for clear water and colorful lakes. The water shines in blue and green, just like beautiful jewels. Its special colors come from clean water, special minerals and sediments (沉积物). The lakes also perfectly reflect forests, skies and clouds, creating lovely views everywhere. Jiuzhaigou has many great waterfalls. Nuorilang Waterfall is China’s widest travertine (钙华) waterfall. The rushing water sounds like wonderful natural music. The Five-Colour Pond, the smallest lake here, has the brightest colors. The valley looks great all year round. Spring brings fresh leaves and melting snow. Summer is lively with green trees and running water. Autumn is the most colorful season, with hills covered in red, yellow and orange leaves. In winter, everything turns white and quiet. Water and falls freeze into amazing ice art. Jiuzhaigou is a truly valuable gift from nature. Its beauty reminds us how important it is to protect the environment. We should all be responsible visitors so that this wonderful place will remain magical for our children and grandchildren. 1. Where is Jiuzhaigou Valley? A．In Yunnan. B．In Sichuan. C．In Guizhou. D．In Hunan. 2. Why does the water in Jiuzhaigou have special colors? A．Because there are many fish in the water. B．Because people put colorful things into the water. C．Because it reflects different kinds of flowers. D．Because the water is clean and has special minerals. 3. What can we infer from Paragraphs 3 and 4? A．Jiuzhaigou has different beautiful views in different seasons. B．Five-Colour Pond is famous for its large size. C．People can only enjoy waterfalls in summer. D．All lakes in Jiuzhaigou will dry up in winter. 4. Why does the writer write the passage? A．To tell us how to travel to Jiuzhaigou. B．To introduce Jiuzhaigou and call on people to protect nature. C．To show different kinds of lakes in the world. D．To explain how ice art forms in winter. 5. How is the passage organized? A． B． C． D． 阅读短文，用英语填空或回答问题（请注意每小题的词数要求） .  The Yangtze River is one of the most important rivers in China. It is the longest river in Asia and the third longest river in the world. It is about 6,300 kilometers long and covers an area of about 1.8 million square kilometers. The Location of the Yangtze River The Yangtze River originates (起源) from the Tanggula Mountains. Its main stream (干流) goes through the middle of China from west to east. It runs through 11 provinces and cities. Finally, it runs into the East Sea. The Culture of the Yangtze River The Yangtze River has a colorful and exciting history. We can not only enjoy its beautiful and amazing scenery, just like the Three Gorges (峡谷), but also we can learn a lot from its rich culture, such as the special festival culture, the cooking culture and so on. The Three Gorges is the most beautiful and famous part along the Yangtze River. It is the birthplace of ancient Chinese culture. They are Qutang Gorge, Wu Gorge and Xiling Gorge. People call it a wonder in the world. The __________ of the Yangtze River The Yangtze River is home to many important wild animals, such as Chinese sturgeon (中华鲟), paddle fish (白鲟) and Chinese river dolphin (白鳍豚). For thousands of years, the Yangtze River has seen the hard work of the Chinese people. It gives birth to the hard-working, brave and innovative (创新) spirits of the Yangtze River. And the spirits are leading us to work hard to achieve our Chinese dream. The Yangtze River is the mother river of our Chinese nation. We must protect it well. Never throw rubbish into it. We also need to save water and plant more trees on both sides. Let’s take action and play our own part in making it more beautiful! 1. The Yangtze River is one of     1     rivers in China.(3 个词) 2. Fill in the blanks according to the passage. the Yangtze River Location originates from the Tanggula Mountains     2     (2个词) the middle of China runs into the East Sea Culture History: colourful and exciting Scenery: beautiful and amazing Culture:     3     (3个词)     4     (1个词) Wildlife: home People: hard-working, brave, spirits 3. What do you think of the Yangtze River? What can you do for it? (15词以内)     5     学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $