专题01 语篇组合练（科技发展与数字时代）（综合训练）（天津专用）2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

**基本信息** 以科技发展与数字时代为主题，整合完形、阅读及阅读表达的语篇组合训练，聚焦语言能力与思维品质的综合提升。 **综合设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |完形填空|1篇（20题）|围绕手机使用与注意力经济的夹叙夹议文|以个人经历引入科技产品对注意力的影响，渗透信息获取与逻辑推理能力| |阅读理解|4篇（20题）|技术奇点、智能材料、脑机接口、青年发明等说明/议论性文本|覆盖科技发展的理论、应用、挑战及创新，构建“科技-社会-个体”认知链条| |阅读表达|2篇（10题）|运动与内源性大麻素、远程医疗的科普短文|结合实证研究与实际应用，强化信息提炼与批判性思维，体现学习能力培养|

专题01 语篇组合练（科技发展与数字时代） （考试时间：70分钟 试卷满分：100分） 一、完形填空 It was 3:30 in the morning. I was holding my baby, scrolling through eBay and feeling groggy (昏昏沉沉的). I had a brief out-of-body moment, seeing myself as an outsider. There was my baby. 1 up at me, and there was me, looking down at my phone. I was 2 . It was then I decided to “break up” with my phone and set better 3 . Our most time-sucking apps, are designed to 4 our attention because that’s how their creators make money. These apps are part of the “attention economy”, where our attention and data are 5 . We are not the 6 of these apps; advertisers are. We are the product, 7 into giving our most valuable asset (资产) — our attention — away for free. We only experience what we pay attention to; we only remember what we pay attention to. Sure, there are many reasons to pay attention to our phones. But like time, our attention is 8 : Every minute spent 9 is a minute not spent on something else. App makers use psychological tricks from gambling. These tricks control the release of dopamine (多巴胺), a chemical that 10 us to repeat behaviors. This system doesn’t 11 between good and bad behaviors — it encourages 12 . Phones and apps are 13 with dopamine triggers. Bright colors, novelty, unpredictability, and rewards 14 social approval are all dopamine triggers. This is why social media, news, email, games and shopping apps are so 15 . If we don’t 16 this and fight back, we risk being controlled like lab rats. One of the first steps I took was to 17 my exposure to dopamine triggers by 18 most notifications, and hiding or deleting my most time-sucking apps. I also banned my phone from my bedroom and the dining table and 19 it in a closet at night. My relationship with my phone still isn’t 20 — no relationship ever is. But it has improved in ways I never would have anticipated. 1．A．shouting B．staring C．pointing D．nodding 2．A．horrified B．curious C．calm D．proud 3．A．boundaries B．rules C．goals D．habits 4．A．avoid B．divide C．grab D．save 5．A．analyzed B．stored C．checked D．sold 6．A．makers B．customers C．owners D．designers 7．A．tricked B．guided C．forced D．persuaded 8．A．limited B．endless C．simple D．special 9．A．working B．thinking C．talking D．scrolling 10．A．allows B．warns C．motivates D．forbids 11．A．contrast B．differ C．distinguish D．vary 12．A．ignorance B．change C．praise D．repetition 13．A．matched B．packed C．covered D．connected 14．A．with B．for C．like D．from 15．A．helpful B．addictive C．ordinary D．expensive 16．A．forget B．doubt C．regret D．recognize 17．A．increase B．find C．minimize D．accept 18．A．turning off B．turning on C．looking for D．talking about 19．A．found B．charged C．played D．bought 20．A．perfect B．bad C．clear D．new 二、阅读理解 A The technological singularity (技术奇点) is a theoretical scenario where technological growth becomes uncontrollable and irreversible, leading to profound and unpredictable changes to human civilization. In theory, this phenomenon is driven by the emergence of artificial intelligence (AI) that surpasses human cognitive (认知的) capabilities and can autonomously enhance itself. The theory suggests that such advancements could evolve at a pace so rapid that humans would be unable to foresee or stop the process. The implications of reaching this singularity point could be good or disastrous for the human race. For now, the concept stays within the boundaries of science fiction, but nonetheless, it’s still worth thinking about what such a future might look like, so that humanity might steer AI development in such a way as to promote its civilizational interests. The timeline for reaching the technological singularity is a subject of much debate among experts. Ray Kurzweil, one of the most vocal advocates of the singularity, has famously predicted that the singularity is near and will happen by 2045. His prediction is based on trends such as Moore’s law and the increasing rate of technological advancements in fields such as computing, AI and biotechnology. Other experts cast more doubt on the prediction or propose different timelines. Some suggest that while AI will continue to advance, the complexities and unforeseen challenges of achieving superintelligence might delay the singularity beyond this century, if it happens at all. Systems theorist Richard Coren, in his book The Evolutionary Trajectory, projects a singularity in 2140. Technological, ethical and regulatory challenges might all potentially slow the pace of AI development. Moreover, figures such as Roman Yampolskiy point out that predicting the exact timeline is extremely difficult due to the exceptional nature of the singularity itself. The developments leading to a singularity involve many variables, including breakthroughs in AI algorithms, hardware capabilities and societal factors that are hard to forecast with accuracy. Eamonn Healy, a professor at St. Edward’s University, assumes the evolution, particularly in terms of technological and intellectual advancement, is proceeding at an ever-increasing pace, compressing what used to take millennia into centuries and even shorter time frames. This concept of the acceleration of technological advancements echoes the views of futurists such as Ray Kurzweil, who predict that such changes might occur around the mid-21st century. 21．The underlined word “steer” in the passage is closest in meaning to __________. A．quicken B．restrict C．direct D．predict 22．If an expert foresees the singularity in less than 30 years, who might he team up with? A．Ray Kurzweil and Richard Coren. B．Eamonn Healy and Ray Kurzweil. C．Roman Yampolskiy and Eamonn Healy. D．Richard Coren and Roman Yampolskiy. 23．What best describes Roman Yampolskiy’s attitude toward predicting the singularity? A．Reserved. B．Optimistic. C．Indifferent. D．Neutral. 24．Why do some experts believe the singularity may not come within this century? A．AI algorithms have already reached their peak. B．Various practical and moral problems may slow down AI progress. C．Human civilization refuses to accept superintelligence. D．Moore’s law no longer works in modern technology. 25．Which statement best summarizes the passage? A．The singularity is a guaranteed event with clear benefits. B．The singularity’s timeline and implications remain-uncertain. C．Experts agree the singularity will occur by 2045 without delay. D．AI development is accelerated due to regulatory obstacles. B In recent years, scientists and engineers have developed a group of materials known as “smart materials”. Unlike traditional materials, which usually remain unchanged under normal conditions, smart materials are able to respond actively to external factors such as temperature, light, pressure, or electricity. This special ability allows them to change their shape, color, or other properties, making them increasingly useful in modern life. One well-known example is shape-memory materials. These materials can return to their original form after being bent, stretched, or compressed. For instance, certain metal alloys can be easily reshaped at a low temperature but quickly recover their initial shape when heated. This feature has made them especially valuable in the medical field. Some surgical devices can be inserted into the human body in a small and simple form, and then expand once they reach body temperature, helping doctors perform operations more effectively and safely. Another important type is color-changing materials. These materials respond to changes in temperature or light by altering their color. They are already used in a variety of everyday products, such as mood rings and heat-sensitive labels on food containers. In more advanced applications, scientists are exploring how these materials can be used in buildings. For example, windows that automatically darken under strong sunlight could reduce the need for air conditioning, thereby saving energy and improving indoor comfort. Smart materials can also react to pressure or movement. Some of them produce a small amount of electricity when they are pressed, bent, or shaken. This property is widely used in sensors that detect motion, vibration, or force. For example, such materials can be placed under roads, railways, or bridges to monitor traffic conditions or structural safety. Because these systems can work continuously, they provide useful information without requiring constant human control. However, smart materials still face several challenges. Many of them are expensive to produce, which limits their use in large-scale applications. In addition, some materials do not respond quickly or accurately enough for situations where precise control is necessary. Scientists are therefore trying to improve both their speed and reliability. In the future, smart materials are expected to become more common in everyday objects. From clothing that adjusts to body temperature to buildings that react to environmental changes, these materials may greatly improve efficiency and comfort. As research continues, their importance in modern society will likely grow even further. 26．Why does the author compare smart materials with traditional ones in Paragraph 1? A．To describe differences in material use. B．To explain advances in material science. C．To discuss problems with old materials. D．To stress the special nature they possessed. 27．How do shape-memory surgical devices work inside the body? A．They expand upon absorbing body heat. B．They require constant pressure during operations. C．They shrink after reaching target areas. D．They change shape before entering organs. 28．How can color-changing materials improve energy efficiency in buildings? A．They generate electricity through energy consumption. B．They protect windows from potential sunlight damage. C．They lower the demand for artificial cooling. D．They keep room temperatures constant all year. 29．The examples of roads, railways and bridges are used mainly to show that pressure-sensitive smart materials __________. A．can be applied in large-scale public construction projects B．produce enough electricity to power monitoring systems C．are more reliable than traditional construction materials D．help reduce the cost of building transportation networks 30．What could be the best title for this passage? A．The Challenges Facing Smart Materials B．How Smart Materials Shape Our Future C．The Working Principles of Smart Materials D．Why Traditional Materials Remain Globally Unchanged C Brain-computer interface (BCI) is a new and promising technology that builds a direct communication bridge between the human brain and external electronic devices. Unlike traditional control ways that depend on hands or voices, this technology allows people to send orders simply through their brain waves, which greatly breaks the limit of human physical movement. In recent years, rapid technological advances have made BCI no longer a distant science fiction concept. Researchers in many countries have carried out plenty of practical experiments and achieved encouraging results. For patients who suffer from serious nerve damage, such as spinal cord injuries or stroke after effects, daily actions like eating and walking have become impossible. With the help of BCI equipment, these disabled people can regain basic living abilities. They can control artificial limbs to pick up goods or operate wheelchairs freely just by thinking. Apart from medical treatment, BCI also shows huge potential in daily life and scientific research. In smart laboratories, scientists use BCI to record and analyze human brain activities when people learn new skills. This helps them better understand the rules of brain memory and learning, which can provide useful guidance for education and training. Besides, some high-tech companies are trying to apply BCI to smart wearable devices, aiming to make human interaction with machines more convenient and efficient. However, this emerging technology still faces unavoidable challenges. First, the accuracy of brain wave recognition needs to be improved. Human brain signals are complex and changeable, and slight mental mood changes may cause wrong judgments of the equipment. Second, safety and privacy problems have aroused wide public concern. Long-term wearing of BCI devices may bring unknown influences on brain health. What’s more, brain waves carry personal inner thoughts and emotional states, so improper data collection may lead to privacy leakage. Experts point out that BCI is still in its early stage of development. It cannot replace traditional operation methods in a short time. But with continuous technological improvement and strict industry rules, BCI will surely create more value for medical care, scientific research and people’s future life. 31．What is the main advantage of BCI technology compared with traditional ways? A．It costs less money. B．It needs no physical movement. C．It works without electronic devices. D．It avoids all human mistakes. 32．What can we learn about BCI from Paragraph 2? A．It has cured many stroke patients completely. B．It helps disabled patients recover basic living skills. C．It has been widely used in ordinary families. D．It can prevent nerve damage effectively. 33．What does the underlined word “leakage” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Protection B．Secret C．Exposure D．Change 34．What is the author’s attitude towards the future of BCI? A．disapproval B．negative C．indifferent D．positive 35．What can we know about brain-computer interfaces from the passage? A．They can only help disabled people walk freely. B．They connect human brains directly with machines. C．They have been widely used in all medical fields. D．They may cause no risks to human health at all. D From Braille to earmuffs, every day we use great inventions dreamt up by young people. And in the 21st century, young inventors continue to bring new inventions into our lives. Fionn Ferreira was a science and water sports lover. When he discovered the harmful impact of microplastic pollution on water, his passions connected. Aged 19, he invented a magnetic liquid (磁性液体) called ferrofluid. When added to water, it sticks to microplastics, allowing more than 85% of harmful microplastics to be removed from the water. Young inventors like Ferreira are transforming our world. And in classrooms around the world sit the inventors of the future. So how can teachers support these young inventors in their classrooms? “Teachers can encourage young people to bring out their inventive potential (潜能) by delivering lessons that connect with the real issues which inspire them,” says Maddy Kavanagh, Amazon Longitude Explorer Prize program manager at Nesta Challenges. “This can include climate change, living healthier lives, looking after an ageing population or clean transport.” Invention isn’t as simple as having one bright idea. The courage to try, fail and keep going is important to invention. “Help students stay confident when things get challenging,” says Heather Picov, CEO of Apps for Good. “Failing and trying again is part of the problem-solving process.” Inventions need protection. Intellectual property rights (知识产权) allow young inventors to get recognized as the creator of their ideas or products. Too often, intellectual property is either left out of lessons or the focus is on how students can stay out of trouble; for example, by avoiding breaking copyright rules around film or music. Young people need to learn about intellectual property as a tool to protect their creations. With the knowledge, skills and confidence they need, young people can transform the world. And when the creative spark (火花) shines, everybody can embrace the brilliance of life-changing inventions. 36．Why does the author mention Ferreira? A．To stress the value of young inventors. B．To compare inventors from different ages. C．To show technical progress in the 21st century. D．To reflect students’ views on environmental protection. 37．What is Kavanagh’s suggestion for educators? A．Teaching students real-world rules. B．Encouraging students to embrace failure. C．Connecting students with real challenges. D．Developing students’ skills in personal relations. 38．What quality does Heather Picov stress in paragraph 5? A．The desire for perfection. B．The determination to keep going through failure. C．The ability to avoid all risks. D．The courage to seek help from others. 39．What is the author’s attitude towards learning about intellectual property in class? A．Doubtful. B．Worried. C．Thankful. D．Supportive. 40．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．What role teachers can play in students’ development B．How to help young inventors find their creative spark C．Invention education prepares students for the future D．Meet young talents in the 21st century 三、阅读表达 A Running is often tiring and a lot of hard work, but nothing beats the feeling you get after finishing a long workout around the track. But while it’s long been believed that endorphins (内啡肽) — chemicals in the body that cause happiness — are behind the so-called “runner’s high”, a study suggested that there may be more to this phenomenon than we previously knew. According to a recent study published by a group of scientists from several German universities, a group of chemicals called eCBs (内源性大麻素) may actually be responsible for this familiar great feeling. To test this theory, the scientists turned to mice. Both mice and humans release high levels of endorphins and eCBs after exercise. After exercising on running wheels, the mice seemed happy and relaxed and displayed no signs of anxiety. But after being given a drug to block their endorphins, the mice’s behavior didn’t seem to change. However, when their eCBs were blocked with a different drug, their runners’ high symptoms seemed to fade. “The long-held notion of endorphins being responsible for the runner’s high is false. Endorphins are effective pain relievers, but only when it comes to the pain in your body and muscles you feel after working out,” Patrick Lucas Austin wrote on science blog Lifhacker. Similar studies are yet to be carried out on humans, but it’s already known that exercise is a highly effective way to get rid of stress or anxiety. Regular exercise can improve your mood if you have depression, and it’s especially useful for people with mild to moderate (中等的) depression,” it wrote on its website. It seems like nothing can beat that feeling we get after a good workout, even if we don’t fully understand where it comes from. At least if we’re feeling down, we know that all we have to do is to put on our running shoes. 41．What did the recent study by German scientists find about the cause of “runner’s high”? (No more than 10 words) 42．Why did the scientists give mice drugs in their experiment? (No more than 10 words) 43．What does the underlined word “notion” most probably mean? (1 word) 44．According to the studies, what benefit can regular exercise bring to people with depression? (No more than 10 words) 45．Besides running, what other ways do you know to relax yourself when stressed? Give an example. (No more than 25 words)(开放题) B Telemedicine is the name for when doctors give advice to patients by telephone or the Internet, or when health care providers in rural areas connect with specialists in big cities. Telemedicine has existed for a long time, but the rise of smart phones, tablets and webcam-equipped computers is raising telemedicine to new levels. Some health care systems in the United States now offer Virtual Urgent Care, patients see a doctor by video chat without having to leave home. Diana Rae recently demonstrated how Virtual Urgent Care works. She used an iPad tablet and Skype — the video chat service. Doctor Green first has the patient describe her symptoms. Then the doctor performs a physical exam by demonstrating what he wants her to do. Doctor Green decides that the problem is an infection and gives her some penicillin for medicine. He says about 3 out of 4 patients who have health problems can be treated like this — through Virtual Urgent Care, which means a video chat could substitute a visit to the doctor’s office. Franciscan charges $35 for this kind of virtual house call, that is much less than the cost of going to an emergency room, a doctor’s office or an urgent care clinic. After trying the video conference, Diana Rae says she would be happy to pay the 35 dollars, when she was recently home with a bad cold. “I would have paid twice that for the convenience of getting taken care of without having to sit in a waiting room, wait, and get exposed to everyone else’s germs.” Rae said. But a company official says state rules have not kept progress with development in telemedicine. The workers who provide Virtual Urgent Care must be licensed separately in each state where the company does business. For now, that means Franciscan doctors can treat patients in Washington state and California, for example, but not in neighboring Oregon or Idaho. 46．What is helping telemedicine to rise to new stages? (No more than 10 words) 47．What does the underlined word “substitute” mean? (1 word) 48．Why would Diana Rae be happy to pay Virtual Urgent Care even more? (No more than 10 words) 49．Why can’t Virtual Urgent Care develop fast now? (No more than 10 words) 50．What do you think of Virtual Urgent Care’s future? Why? (No more than 20 words) 4 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 语篇组合练（科技发展与数字时代） （考试时间：70分钟 试卷满分：100分） 一、完形填空 1．B 2．A 3．A 4．C 5．D 6．B 7．A 8．A 9．D 10．C 11．C 12．D 13．B 14．C 15．B 16．D 17．C 18．A 19．B 20．A 二、阅读理解 21．C 22．B 23．A 24．B 25．B 26．D 27．A 28．C 29．A 30．B 31．B 32．B 33．C 34．D 35．B 36．A 37．C 38．B 39．D 40．B 三、阅读表达 A 41．eCBs may cause the runner’s high./A group of chemicals called eCBS is the cause. 42．To identify what causes the runner’s high. (只写“To test the theory”给一分) 43．Opinion/Belief/Idea/View 44．It can improve their mood. 45．When stressed, I will listen to music or talk with friends. Because these two ways can help me relieve my anxiety and rebuild my confidence. B 46．The rise of smartphones, tablets and webcam-equipped computers. 47．Replace. 48．Because it is convenient and safe./ She doesn’t need to wait or get exposed to germs. 49．Because its workers must be licensed separately in each state./ Because the state rules have prevented it from developing fast./ Because state rules have not kept progress with development in telemedicine. 50．I think it will have a bright future/ It will develop and become very popular because it is convenient and safe and charge/ price is reasonable. 4 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 语篇组合练（科技发展与数字时代） （考试时间：70分钟 试卷满分：100分） 一、完形填空 It was 3:30 in the morning. I was holding my baby, scrolling through eBay and feeling groggy (昏昏沉沉的). I had a brief out-of-body moment, seeing myself as an outsider. There was my baby. 1 up at me, and there was me, looking down at my phone. I was 2 . It was then I decided to “break up” with my phone and set better 3 . Our most time-sucking apps, are designed to 4 our attention because that’s how their creators make money. These apps are part of the “attention economy”, where our attention and data are 5 . We are not the 6 of these apps; advertisers are. We are the product, 7 into giving our most valuable asset (资产) — our attention — away for free. We only experience what we pay attention to; we only remember what we pay attention to. Sure, there are many reasons to pay attention to our phones. But like time, our attention is 8 : Every minute spent 9 is a minute not spent on something else. App makers use psychological tricks from gambling. These tricks control the release of dopamine (多巴胺), a chemical that 10 us to repeat behaviors. This system doesn’t 11 between good and bad behaviors — it encourages 12 . Phones and apps are 13 with dopamine triggers. Bright colors, novelty, unpredictability, and rewards 14 social approval are all dopamine triggers. This is why social media, news, email, games and shopping apps are so 15 . If we don’t 16 this and fight back, we risk being controlled like lab rats. One of the first steps I took was to 17 my exposure to dopamine triggers by 18 most notifications, and hiding or deleting my most time-sucking apps. I also banned my phone from my bedroom and the dining table and 19 it in a closet at night. My relationship with my phone still isn’t 20 — no relationship ever is. But it has improved in ways I never would have anticipated. 1．A．shouting B．staring C．pointing D．nodding 2．A．horrified B．curious C．calm D．proud 3．A．boundaries B．rules C．goals D．habits 4．A．avoid B．divide C．grab D．save 5．A．analyzed B．stored C．checked D．sold 6．A．makers B．customers C．owners D．designers 7．A．tricked B．guided C．forced D．persuaded 8．A．limited B．endless C．simple D．special 9．A．working B．thinking C．talking D．scrolling 10．A．allows B．warns C．motivates D．forbids 11．A．contrast B．differ C．distinguish D．vary 12．A．ignorance B．change C．praise D．repetition 13．A．matched B．packed C．covered D．connected 14．A．with B．for C．like D．from 15．A．helpful B．addictive C．ordinary D．expensive 16．A．forget B．doubt C．regret D．recognize 17．A．increase B．find C．minimize D．accept 18．A．turning off B．turning on C．looking for D．talking about 19．A．found B．charged C．played D．bought 20．A．perfect B．bad C．clear D．new 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．A 4．C 5．D 6．B 7．A 8．A 9．D 10．C 11．C 12．D 13．B 14．C 15．B 16．D 17．C 18．A 19．B 20．A 【导语】作者目睹自己深夜沉迷手机的状态，剖析APP攫取注意力的原理，并讲述自己戒除手机依赖的做法与改变。 【详解】1．考查动词。句意：我的宝宝正抬头盯着我，而我却低头看着手机。A. shouting大喊；B. staring凝视，盯着看；C. pointing指向；D. nodding点头。根据上文“I was holding my baby”和常识可知，婴儿抬头注视抱着自己的作者，stare up at 为固定搭配，意为“抬头凝视”。 2．考查形容词。句意：我感到震惊。A. horrified震惊的、惊骇的；B. curious好奇的；C. calm平静的；D. proud骄傲的。根据上文“I was holding my baby, scrolling through eBay and feeling groggy ( 昏昏沉沉的 ). I had a brief out-of-body moment, seeing myself as an outsider.”可知，作者看到自己忽视宝宝、沉迷手机的状态，意识到自身问题，内心感到震惊、愧疚。 3．考查名词。句意：就在那时，我决定和手机“分手”，并设定更好的界限。A. boundaries界限、边界；B. rules规则；C. goals目标；D. habits习惯。结合上文“ It was then I decided to “break up” with my phone”可知，作者想要约束自己使用手机的行为，为自己和手机的相处设立界限，规范使用行为。 4．考查动词。句意：我们最耗费时间的应用程序，其设计初衷就是攫取我们的注意力，因为这是其开发者的盈利方式。A. avoid避免；B. divide划分；C. grab攫取、抓住；D. save节省、保存。根据后文“because that’s how their creators make money. These apps are part of the “attention economy””注意力经济的相关内容可知，各类APP的核心目的就是抢占、获取用户注意力。 5．考查动词。句意：这些应用程序属于“注意力经济”的一部分，在这种经济模式下，我们的注意力和数据被售卖。A. analyzed分析；B. stored储存；C. checked检查；D. sold售卖。根据上文“attention economy”和下文“We are the product”可知，用户的注意力和数据被售卖，以获得利益。 6．考查名词。句意：我们不是这些应用程序的客户，广告商才是。A. makers制造者；B. customers客户、顾客；C. owners所有者；D. designers设计者。结合后文“We are the product”可知，用户是被利用的产品，广告商才是其客户。 7．考查动词。句意：我们是被欺骗的产品，无偿交出我们最宝贵的资产——我们的注意力。A. tricked欺骗；B. guided引导；C. forced强迫；D. persuaded说服。根据下文“giving our most valuable asset (资产) — our attention — away for free.”可知，让用户不自觉地耗费注意力，是变相欺骗用户。且下文“App makers use psychological tricks from gambling.”也是提示。 8．考查形容词。句意：但和时间一样，我们的注意力是有限的：每一次刷屏消耗的一分钟，都是无法用于其他事情的一分钟。A. limited有限的；B. endless无尽的；C. simple简单的；D. special特别的。根据上文“But like time”可知，人的注意力和时间一样，是有上限的。 9．考查动词。句意：但和时间一样，我们的注意力是有限的：每一次刷屏消耗的一分钟，都是无法用于其他事情的一分钟。A. working工作；B. thinking思考；C. talking交谈；D. scrolling刷屏、滑动屏幕。结合文章首段“scrolling through eBay”可知，本文主要讲述手机刷屏耗费注意力的问题。 10．考查动词。句意：多巴胺是一种促使我们重复行为的化学物质。A. allows允许；B. warns警告；C. motivates促使、激励；D. forbids禁止。根据后文“to repeat behaviors”和常识可知，多巴胺会促使人们不断重复带来愉悦感的行为。 11．考查动词。句意：这套机制无法区分良性行为和不良行为，它只会促使行为的重复发生。A. contrast对比；B. differ不同；C. distinguish区分、辨别；D. vary变化。根据常识可知，多巴胺的作用机制没有辨别能力，不会区分行为好坏。 12．考查名词。句意：这套机制无法区分良性行为和不良行为，它只会促使行为的重复发生。A. ignorance无知；B. change改变；C. praise赞扬；D. repetition重复。根据前文“repeat behaviors”可知，多巴胺机制只会让人不断重复行为。 13．考查动词。句意：手机和各类应用程序布满了多巴胺触发点。A. matched匹配；B. packed塞满、布满；C. covered覆盖；D. connected连接。根据下文“ Bright colors, novelty, unpredictability, and rewards”可知，手机中充斥着能刺激多巴胺的诱因。 14．考查介词。句意：鲜艳的色彩、新奇的内容、不可预测的体验以及诸如社交认可这类的奖励，都是多巴胺触发点。A. with带有；B. for为了；C. like像；D. from来自。结合下文“social approval”可知，作者在列举多巴胺触发因子，用介词like“比如、像”，符合列举逻辑。 15．考查形容词。句意：这就是社交媒体、新闻、邮件、游戏和购物类应用让人极易上瘾的原因。A. helpful有帮助的；B. addictive使人上瘾的；C. ordinary普通的；D. expensive昂贵的。结合前文“These tricks control the release of dopamine (多巴胺), a chemical that ____ us to repeat behaviors. ”多巴胺刺激、重复行为的内容可知，这些APP会让人产生依赖、上瘾。 16．考查动词。句意：如果我们意识不到这一点且不做出反击，就有可能像实验室的老鼠一样被操控。A. forget忘记；B. doubt怀疑；C. regret后悔；D. recognize意识到、认清。根据下文“we risk being controlled like lab rats.”可知，如果意识不到APP操控注意力的本质，就容易被其操控。 17．考查动词。句意：我采取的首要措施之一是通过关闭大部分消息通知，隐藏或删除最耗费时间的应用程序减少自己接触多巴胺触发点的机会。A. increase增加；B. find找到；C. minimize使最小化、减少；D. accept接受。根据上文“ It was then I decided to “break up” with my phone and set better ____ .”可知，作者想要摆脱手机依赖，因此会主动减少接触各类成瘾诱因。 18．考查动词短语。句意：我采取的首要措施之一是通过关闭大部分消息通知，隐藏或删除最耗费时间的应用程序减少自己接触多巴胺触发点的机会。A. turning off关闭；B. turning on打开；C. looking for寻找；D. talking about谈论。结合下文“and hiding or deleting my most time-sucking apps.”可知，为减少手机干扰、降低成瘾性，需要关闭手机通知。 19．考查动词。句意：我还禁止手机进入卧室和餐桌，并且晚上把它放在壁橱里充电。A. found发现；B. charged充电；C. played播放、玩耍；D. bought购买。结合生活场景，夜晚闲置手机会进行充电。 20．考查形容词。句意：我和手机的关系依旧不算完美——没有任何关系是完美的。A. perfect完美的；B. bad糟糕的；C. clear清晰的；D. new全新的。根据后文转折句“But it has improved”可知，作者的手机使用状态虽有改善，但仍未达到完美状态。 二、阅读理解 A The technological singularity (技术奇点) is a theoretical scenario where technological growth becomes uncontrollable and irreversible, leading to profound and unpredictable changes to human civilization. In theory, this phenomenon is driven by the emergence of artificial intelligence (AI) that surpasses human cognitive (认知的) capabilities and can autonomously enhance itself. The theory suggests that such advancements could evolve at a pace so rapid that humans would be unable to foresee or stop the process. The implications of reaching this singularity point could be good or disastrous for the human race. For now, the concept stays within the boundaries of science fiction, but nonetheless, it’s still worth thinking about what such a future might look like, so that humanity might steer AI development in such a way as to promote its civilizational interests. The timeline for reaching the technological singularity is a subject of much debate among experts. Ray Kurzweil, one of the most vocal advocates of the singularity, has famously predicted that the singularity is near and will happen by 2045. His prediction is based on trends such as Moore’s law and the increasing rate of technological advancements in fields such as computing, AI and biotechnology. Other experts cast more doubt on the prediction or propose different timelines. Some suggest that while AI will continue to advance, the complexities and unforeseen challenges of achieving superintelligence might delay the singularity beyond this century, if it happens at all. Systems theorist Richard Coren, in his book The Evolutionary Trajectory, projects a singularity in 2140. Technological, ethical and regulatory challenges might all potentially slow the pace of AI development. Moreover, figures such as Roman Yampolskiy point out that predicting the exact timeline is extremely difficult due to the exceptional nature of the singularity itself. The developments leading to a singularity involve many variables, including breakthroughs in AI algorithms, hardware capabilities and societal factors that are hard to forecast with accuracy. Eamonn Healy, a professor at St. Edward’s University, assumes the evolution, particularly in terms of technological and intellectual advancement, is proceeding at an ever-increasing pace, compressing what used to take millennia into centuries and even shorter time frames. This concept of the acceleration of technological advancements echoes the views of futurists such as Ray Kurzweil, who predict that such changes might occur around the mid-21st century. 21．The underlined word “steer” in the passage is closest in meaning to __________. A．quicken B．restrict C．direct D．predict 22．If an expert foresees the singularity in less than 30 years, who might he team up with? A．Ray Kurzweil and Richard Coren. B．Eamonn Healy and Ray Kurzweil. C．Roman Yampolskiy and Eamonn Healy. D．Richard Coren and Roman Yampolskiy. 23．What best describes Roman Yampolskiy’s attitude toward predicting the singularity? A．Reserved. B．Optimistic. C．Indifferent. D．Neutral. 24．Why do some experts believe the singularity may not come within this century? A．AI algorithms have already reached their peak. B．Various practical and moral problems may slow down AI progress. C．Human civilization refuses to accept superintelligence. D．Moore’s law no longer works in modern technology. 25．Which statement best summarizes the passage? A．The singularity is a guaranteed event with clear benefits. B．The singularity’s timeline and implications remain-uncertain. C．Experts agree the singularity will occur by 2045 without delay. D．AI development is accelerated due to regulatory obstacles. 【答案】21．C 22．B 23．A 24．B 25．B 【导语】介绍技术奇点的定义、成因，罗列不同专家对奇点到来时间的分歧与理由，说明奇点到来时间、影响均尚无定论。 【详解】21．词义猜测题。根据第二段“so that humanity might steer AI development in such a way as to promote its civilizational interests.(以便人类能够以某种方式……人工智能的发展，从而促进人类文明的利益)”以及结合前文提到技术奇点对人类可能的影响，可知此处应是引导、指引人工智能发展，“direct”有“指引，引导”之意，所以选C项“direct”。 22．细节理解题。根据第三段“Ray Kurzweil, one of the most vocal advocates of the singularity, has famously predicted that the singularity is near and will happen by 2045.(雷·库兹韦尔是技术奇点最积极的倡导者之一，他曾著名地预测奇点即将到来，并且会在2045年发生)”以及第六段“Eamonn Healy, a professor at St. Edward’s University, assumes the evolution, particularly in terms of technological and intellectual advancement, is proceeding at an ever-increasing pace, compressing what used to take millennia into centuries and even shorter time frames. This concept of the acceleration of technological advancements echoes the views of futurists such as Ray Kurzweil, who predict that such changes might occur around the mid-21st century.(圣爱德华大学的教授伊蒙·希利认为，进化，尤其是在技术和智力进步方面，正以越来越快的速度进行，将过去需要几千年的时间压缩到几个世纪甚至更短的时间框架内。这种技术进步加速的概念与雷·库兹韦尔等未来学家的观点相呼应，他们预测这种变化可能会在21世纪中叶左右发生)”可知，雷·库兹韦尔和伊蒙·希利都认为技术奇点可能在不到30年（2045年距离现在不到30年）内到来。 23．推理判断题。根据第五段“Moreover, figures such as Roman Yampolskiy point out that predicting the exact timeline is extremely difficult due to the exceptional nature of the singularity itself.(此外，罗曼・扬波尔斯基等学者指出，由于技术奇点本身具有特殊性，想要精准预判其到来的时间节点极为困难。)”可知，他对预测技术奇点持保留态度。 24．细节理解题。根据第四段“Some suggest that while AI will continue to advance, the complexities and unforeseen challenges of achieving superintelligence might delay the singularity beyond this century, if it happens at all. Technological, ethical and regulatory challenges might all potentially slow the pace of AI development.(一些人认为，虽然人工智能将继续发展，但实现超级智能的复杂性和不可预见的挑战可能会使奇点推迟到本世纪之后，如果它真的会发生的话。技术、伦理和监管方面的挑战都有可能减缓人工智能的发展速度)”可知，一些专家认为奇点可能不在本世纪到来是因为各种实际和道德问题可能会减缓人工智能的发展。 25．主旨大意题。文章既阐述了技术奇点的影响存在不确定性，可能对人类有益也可能是灾难，又介绍了专家们对技术奇点到来时间存在很大争议，没有定论，所以“技术奇点的时间线和影响仍然不确定”最能概括文章内容。 B In recent years, scientists and engineers have developed a group of materials known as “smart materials”. Unlike traditional materials, which usually remain unchanged under normal conditions, smart materials are able to respond actively to external factors such as temperature, light, pressure, or electricity. This special ability allows them to change their shape, color, or other properties, making them increasingly useful in modern life. One well-known example is shape-memory materials. These materials can return to their original form after being bent, stretched, or compressed. For instance, certain metal alloys can be easily reshaped at a low temperature but quickly recover their initial shape when heated. This feature has made them especially valuable in the medical field. Some surgical devices can be inserted into the human body in a small and simple form, and then expand once they reach body temperature, helping doctors perform operations more effectively and safely. Another important type is color-changing materials. These materials respond to changes in temperature or light by altering their color. They are already used in a variety of everyday products, such as mood rings and heat-sensitive labels on food containers. In more advanced applications, scientists are exploring how these materials can be used in buildings. For example, windows that automatically darken under strong sunlight could reduce the need for air conditioning, thereby saving energy and improving indoor comfort. Smart materials can also react to pressure or movement. Some of them produce a small amount of electricity when they are pressed, bent, or shaken. This property is widely used in sensors that detect motion, vibration, or force. For example, such materials can be placed under roads, railways, or bridges to monitor traffic conditions or structural safety. Because these systems can work continuously, they provide useful information without requiring constant human control. However, smart materials still face several challenges. Many of them are expensive to produce, which limits their use in large-scale applications. In addition, some materials do not respond quickly or accurately enough for situations where precise control is necessary. Scientists are therefore trying to improve both their speed and reliability. In the future, smart materials are expected to become more common in everyday objects. From clothing that adjusts to body temperature to buildings that react to environmental changes, these materials may greatly improve efficiency and comfort. As research continues, their importance in modern society will likely grow even further. 26．Why does the author compare smart materials with traditional ones in Paragraph 1? A．To describe differences in material use. B．To explain advances in material science. C．To discuss problems with old materials. D．To stress the special nature they possessed. 27．How do shape-memory surgical devices work inside the body? A．They expand upon absorbing body heat. B．They require constant pressure during operations. C．They shrink after reaching target areas. D．They change shape before entering organs. 28．How can color-changing materials improve energy efficiency in buildings? A．They generate electricity through energy consumption. B．They protect windows from potential sunlight damage. C．They lower the demand for artificial cooling. D．They keep room temperatures constant all year. 29．The examples of roads, railways and bridges are used mainly to show that pressure-sensitive smart materials __________. A．can be applied in large-scale public construction projects B．produce enough electricity to power monitoring systems C．are more reliable than traditional construction materials D．help reduce the cost of building transportation networks 30．What could be the best title for this passage? A．The Challenges Facing Smart Materials B．How Smart Materials Shape Our Future C．The Working Principles of Smart Materials D．Why Traditional Materials Remain Globally Unchanged 【答案】26．D 27．A 28．C 29．A 30．B 【导语】文章主要介绍了智能材料的特殊性质、不同类型智能材料的应用、现存挑战以及未来的发展前景。 【详解】26．推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“Unlike traditional materials, which usually remain unchanged under normal conditions, smart materials are able to respond actively to external factors such as temperature, light, pressure, or electricity. This special ability allows them to change their shape, color, or other properties(与通常在常规条件下性质保持不变的传统材料不同，智能材料能够主动对温度、光、压力或电等外部因素作出反应，这种特殊能力让它们可以改变自身的形状、颜色或其他属性)”可知，作者对比两类材料是为了突出智能材料所具备的特殊性质。 27．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Some surgical devices can be inserted into the human body in a small and simple form, and then expand once they reach body temperature(一些手术设备可以以小巧简单的形态植入人体，在到达体温环境后就会扩张)”可知，形状记忆手术设备进入人体后，会吸收体热发生扩张。 28．细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“For example, windows that automatically darken under strong sunlight could reduce the need for air conditioning, thereby saving energy and improving indoor comfort.(例如，窗户可在强光下自动变暗，能减少对空调的需求，从而节约能源，提升室内舒适度。)”可知，变色材料可以降低对人工制冷的需求，进而提升建筑的能源效率。 29．推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的“This property is widely used in sensors that detect motion, vibration, or force. For example, such materials can be placed under roads, railways, or bridges to monitor traffic conditions or structural safety.(这一特性被广泛应用于检测运动、振动或受力的传感器中。例如，这类材料可以铺设在道路、铁路或桥梁下方，监测交通状况或是结构安全。)”可知，这些例子是为了说明压敏智能材料可以应用于大型公共建筑工程中。 30．主旨大意题。文章不仅介绍了智能材料的特性和应用，还说明了其现存挑战，最后重点阐述了智能材料未来会广泛应用于日常生活，改变人们的生活，“How Smart Materials Shape Our Future(智能材料如何塑造我们的未来)”能够概括全文核心内容，适合作为标题。 C Brain-computer interface (BCI) is a new and promising technology that builds a direct communication bridge between the human brain and external electronic devices. Unlike traditional control ways that depend on hands or voices, this technology allows people to send orders simply through their brain waves, which greatly breaks the limit of human physical movement. In recent years, rapid technological advances have made BCI no longer a distant science fiction concept. Researchers in many countries have carried out plenty of practical experiments and achieved encouraging results. For patients who suffer from serious nerve damage, such as spinal cord injuries or stroke after effects, daily actions like eating and walking have become impossible. With the help of BCI equipment, these disabled people can regain basic living abilities. They can control artificial limbs to pick up goods or operate wheelchairs freely just by thinking. Apart from medical treatment, BCI also shows huge potential in daily life and scientific research. In smart laboratories, scientists use BCI to record and analyze human brain activities when people learn new skills. This helps them better understand the rules of brain memory and learning, which can provide useful guidance for education and training. Besides, some high-tech companies are trying to apply BCI to smart wearable devices, aiming to make human interaction with machines more convenient and efficient. However, this emerging technology still faces unavoidable challenges. First, the accuracy of brain wave recognition needs to be improved. Human brain signals are complex and changeable, and slight mental mood changes may cause wrong judgments of the equipment. Second, safety and privacy problems have aroused wide public concern. Long-term wearing of BCI devices may bring unknown influences on brain health. What’s more, brain waves carry personal inner thoughts and emotional states, so improper data collection may lead to privacy leakage. Experts point out that BCI is still in its early stage of development. It cannot replace traditional operation methods in a short time. But with continuous technological improvement and strict industry rules, BCI will surely create more value for medical care, scientific research and people’s future life. 31．What is the main advantage of BCI technology compared with traditional ways? A．It costs less money. B．It needs no physical movement. C．It works without electronic devices. D．It avoids all human mistakes. 32．What can we learn about BCI from Paragraph 2? A．It has cured many stroke patients completely. B．It helps disabled patients recover basic living skills. C．It has been widely used in ordinary families. D．It can prevent nerve damage effectively. 33．What does the underlined word “leakage” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Protection B．Secret C．Exposure D．Change 34．What is the author’s attitude towards the future of BCI? A．disapproval B．negative C．indifferent D．positive 35．What can we know about brain-computer interfaces from the passage? A．They can only help disabled people walk freely. B．They connect human brains directly with machines. C．They have been widely used in all medical fields. D．They may cause no risks to human health at all. 【答案】31．B 32．B 33．C 34．D 35．B 【导语】本文介绍了脑机接口（BCI）这一新兴技术，说明了它的工作原理以及在医疗、日常生活与科研领域的应用价值，同时分析了该技术目前面临的挑战，最后表达了对脑机接口未来发展的积极展望。 【详解】31．细节理解题。根据第一段“Unlike traditional control ways that depend on hands or voices, this technology allows people to send orders simply through their brain waves, which greatly breaks the limit of human physical movement.(与依赖手或声音的传统控制方式不同，这项技术允许人们仅通过脑电波发送指令，极大地突破了人类肢体活动的限制)”可知，和传统控制方式相比，脑机接口不需要依靠肢体动作就能发送指令。 32．细节理解题。根据第二段“For patients who suffer from serious nerve damage, such as spinal cord injuries or stroke after effects, daily actions like eating and walking have become impossible. With the help of BCI equipment, these disabled people can regain basic living abilities.(对于患有严重神经损伤的患者，如脊髓损伤或中风后遗症，进食和行走等日常活动已经变得不可能。在BCI设备的帮助下，这些残疾人可以恢复基本的生活能力)”可知，脑机接口能够帮助残障患者恢复基本生活技能。 33．词句猜测题。根据第四段“Second, safety and privacy problems have aroused wide public concern.(第二，安全和隐私问题引起了公众的广泛关注)”和“brain waves carry personal inner thoughts and emotional states, so improper data collection may lead to privacy leakage(脑电波携带着个人的内心想法和情绪状态，因此不当的数据收集可能会导致隐私leakage)”可知，前面提到安全和隐私问题，这里具体讲述脑电波包含个人隐私内容，不当收集数据会让隐私被他人获取，即隐私被泄露，因此leakage意思是“泄露、暴露”，和exposure(暴露)意思一致。 34．推理判断题。根据最后一段“But with continuous technological improvement and strict industry rules, BCI will surely create more value for medical care, scientific research and people’s future life.(但随着技术的不断进步和严格的行业规范，BCI一定会为医疗、科研和人们的未来生活创造更多价值)”可知，作者认为脑机接口未来会有很好的发展，对其前景持积极态度。 35．细节理解题。根据第一段“Brain-computer interface (BCI) is a new and promising technology that builds a direct communication bridge between the human brain and external electronic devices.(脑机接口(BCI)是一项前景广阔的新技术，它在人脑和外部电子设备之间搭建了直接的交流桥梁)”可知，脑机接口能够直接将人脑和机器连接起来。 D From Braille to earmuffs, every day we use great inventions dreamt up by young people. And in the 21st century, young inventors continue to bring new inventions into our lives. Fionn Ferreira was a science and water sports lover. When he discovered the harmful impact of microplastic pollution on water, his passions connected. Aged 19, he invented a magnetic liquid (磁性液体) called ferrofluid. When added to water, it sticks to microplastics, allowing more than 85% of harmful microplastics to be removed from the water. Young inventors like Ferreira are transforming our world. And in classrooms around the world sit the inventors of the future. So how can teachers support these young inventors in their classrooms? “Teachers can encourage young people to bring out their inventive potential (潜能) by delivering lessons that connect with the real issues which inspire them,” says Maddy Kavanagh, Amazon Longitude Explorer Prize program manager at Nesta Challenges. “This can include climate change, living healthier lives, looking after an ageing population or clean transport.” Invention isn’t as simple as having one bright idea. The courage to try, fail and keep going is important to invention. “Help students stay confident when things get challenging,” says Heather Picov, CEO of Apps for Good. “Failing and trying again is part of the problem-solving process.” Inventions need protection. Intellectual property rights (知识产权) allow young inventors to get recognized as the creator of their ideas or products. Too often, intellectual property is either left out of lessons or the focus is on how students can stay out of trouble; for example, by avoiding breaking copyright rules around film or music. Young people need to learn about intellectual property as a tool to protect their creations. With the knowledge, skills and confidence they need, young people can transform the world. And when the creative spark (火花) shines, everybody can embrace the brilliance of life-changing inventions. 36．Why does the author mention Ferreira? A．To stress the value of young inventors. B．To compare inventors from different ages. C．To show technical progress in the 21st century. D．To reflect students’ views on environmental protection. 37．What is Kavanagh’s suggestion for educators? A．Teaching students real-world rules. B．Encouraging students to embrace failure. C．Connecting students with real challenges. D．Developing students’ skills in personal relations. 38．What quality does Heather Picov stress in paragraph 5? A．The desire for perfection. B．The determination to keep going through failure. C．The ability to avoid all risks. D．The courage to seek help from others. 39．What is the author’s attitude towards learning about intellectual property in class? A．Doubtful. B．Worried. C．Thankful. D．Supportive. 40．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．What role teachers can play in students’ development B．How to help young inventors find their creative spark C．Invention education prepares students for the future D．Meet young talents in the 21st century 【答案】36．A 37．C 38．B 39．D 40．B 【导语】文章介绍青年发明家的成果，并阐述教师助力青年发明创造的各类方法。 【详解】36．推理判断题。根据第三段的“Young inventors like Ferreira are transforming our world. And in classrooms around the world sit the inventors of the future.(像费雷拉这样的青年发明家正在改变我们的世界。世界各地的教室里，坐着未来的发明家)”可知，作者列举费雷拉的案例，是为了强调青年发明家的价值。 37．细节理解题。根据第四段的“Teachers can encourage young people to bring out their inventive potential (潜能) by delivering lessons that connect with the real issues which inspire them(教师可以通过讲授与能够启发学生的现实问题相关的课程，鼓励年轻人发掘自身的发明潜能)”可知，卡瓦纳建议教育者将学生和真实的挑战联系起来，激发创造潜能。 38．细节理解题。根据第五段的“The courage to try, fail and keep going is important to invention. “Help students stay confident when things get challenging,” says Heather Picov, CEO of Apps for Good. “Failing and trying again is part of the problem-solving process.”(敢于尝试、失败并坚持不懈，对发明至关重要。“当事情变得困难时，帮助学生保持信心，”Apps for Good公司首席执行官希瑟·皮科夫表示，“失败和再次尝试是解决问题过程的一部分。”)”可知，皮科夫强调直面失败、坚持下去的意志力。 39．推理判断题。根据第六段的“Young people need to learn about intellectual property as a tool to protect their creations.(年轻人需要学习知识产权，将其作为保护自身创作成果的工具)”可知，作者支持课堂中开展知识产权相关学习。 40．主旨大意题。文章前两段举年轻发明者的例子，第三段提出教师该怎么支持，第四、五、六段分三个建议（开设结合现实问题的课程，挖掘学生的发明潜能；引导学生直面困难、不惧失败，保持信心并坚持尝试；普及知识产权知识，教会学生用其保护自身创作成果）展开，最后说有了知识技能信心，年轻人可以改变世界，核心是介绍帮助青年发明家迸发创造力的方法。因此“如何帮助青年发明家迸发创意火花”是最佳标题。 三、阅读表达 A Running is often tiring and a lot of hard work, but nothing beats the feeling you get after finishing a long workout around the track. But while it’s long been believed that endorphins (内啡肽) — chemicals in the body that cause happiness — are behind the so-called “runner’s high”, a study suggested that there may be more to this phenomenon than we previously knew. According to a recent study published by a group of scientists from several German universities, a group of chemicals called eCBs (内源性大麻素) may actually be responsible for this familiar great feeling. To test this theory, the scientists turned to mice. Both mice and humans release high levels of endorphins and eCBs after exercise. After exercising on running wheels, the mice seemed happy and relaxed and displayed no signs of anxiety. But after being given a drug to block their endorphins, the mice’s behavior didn’t seem to change. However, when their eCBs were blocked with a different drug, their runners’ high symptoms seemed to fade. “The long-held notion of endorphins being responsible for the runner’s high is false. Endorphins are effective pain relievers, but only when it comes to the pain in your body and muscles you feel after working out,” Patrick Lucas Austin wrote on science blog Lifhacker. Similar studies are yet to be carried out on humans, but it’s already known that exercise is a highly effective way to get rid of stress or anxiety. Regular exercise can improve your mood if you have depression, and it’s especially useful for people with mild to moderate (中等的) depression,” it wrote on its website. It seems like nothing can beat that feeling we get after a good workout, even if we don’t fully understand where it comes from. At least if we’re feeling down, we know that all we have to do is to put on our running shoes. 41．What did the recent study by German scientists find about the cause of “runner’s high”? (No more than 10 words) 42．Why did the scientists give mice drugs in their experiment? (No more than 10 words) 43．What does the underlined word “notion” most probably mean? (1 word) 44．According to the studies, what benefit can regular exercise bring to people with depression? (No more than 10 words) 45．Besides running, what other ways do you know to relax yourself when stressed? Give an example. (No more than 25 words)(开放题) 【答案】41．eCBs may cause the runner’s high./A group of chemicals called eCBS is the cause. 42．To identify what causes the runner’s high. (只写“To test the theory”给一分) 43．Opinion/Belief/Idea/View 44．It can improve their mood. 45．When stressed, I will listen to music or talk with friends. Because these two ways can help me relieve my anxiety and rebuild my confidence. 【导语】文章介绍了一项最新研究发现，导致“跑步者高潮”的并非人们长期认为的内啡肽，而是一种名为eCBs (内源性大麻素)的化学物质。文章还指出定期运动对缓解抑郁有显著效果，鼓励人们通过运动改善心情。 【详解】41．考查细节理解。根据第三段“a group of chemicals called eCBs (内源性大麻素) may actually be responsible for this familiar great feeling. (一种名为eCBs的化学物质可能才是这种熟悉的美妙感觉的真正原因。)”可知，德国科学家发现eCBs可能是导致“跑步者高潮”的原因。 42．考查细节理解。根据第四段“To test this theory, the scientists turned to mice. Both mice and humans release high levels of endorphins and eCBs after exercise. After exercising on running wheels, the mice seemed happy and relaxed and displayed no signs of anxiety. But after being given a drug to block their endorphins, the mice’s behavior didn’t seem to change. However, when their eCBs were blocked with a different drug, their runners’ high symptoms seemed to fade. (为了验证这一理论，科学家们将研究对象转向了小鼠。无论是小鼠还是人类，在运动后都会释放大量内啡肽和eCBs。在跑步轮上运动后，小鼠看起来快乐放松，没有任何焦虑迹象。然而，当研究人员用一种药物阻断其内啡肽时，小鼠的行为似乎并未改变。但当使用另一种药物阻断其eCBs后，小鼠的“跑步高”症状却明显减轻。)”可知，科学家给老鼠服药是为了验证理论/找出导致“跑步者高潮”的真正原因。 43．考查词句猜测。根据第五段“endorphins being responsible for the runner’s high. (内啡肽导致跑步者高潮)”可知，“内啡肽导致跑步者高潮”是人们长期、普遍的观点，但近期的研究表明该观点是错误的。因此notion意为“观点/看法/信念”。 44．考查细节理解。根据第六段“Regular exercise can improve your mood if you have depression (如果你有抑郁症，定期运动可以改善你的情绪)”可知，定期运动能改善抑郁患者的情绪。 45．考查开放作答。根据题意需给出除跑步外缓解压力的方式并举例，言之有理即可。比如当感到压力时，我会听音乐或和朋友聊天。因为这两种方式能帮助我缓解焦虑，并重建自信。 B Telemedicine is the name for when doctors give advice to patients by telephone or the Internet, or when health care providers in rural areas connect with specialists in big cities. Telemedicine has existed for a long time, but the rise of smart phones, tablets and webcam-equipped computers is raising telemedicine to new levels. Some health care systems in the United States now offer Virtual Urgent Care, patients see a doctor by video chat without having to leave home. Diana Rae recently demonstrated how Virtual Urgent Care works. She used an iPad tablet and Skype — the video chat service. Doctor Green first has the patient describe her symptoms. Then the doctor performs a physical exam by demonstrating what he wants her to do. Doctor Green decides that the problem is an infection and gives her some penicillin for medicine. He says about 3 out of 4 patients who have health problems can be treated like this — through Virtual Urgent Care, which means a video chat could substitute a visit to the doctor’s office. Franciscan charges $35 for this kind of virtual house call, that is much less than the cost of going to an emergency room, a doctor’s office or an urgent care clinic. After trying the video conference, Diana Rae says she would be happy to pay the 35 dollars, when she was recently home with a bad cold. “I would have paid twice that for the convenience of getting taken care of without having to sit in a waiting room, wait, and get exposed to everyone else’s germs.” Rae said. But a company official says state rules have not kept progress with development in telemedicine. The workers who provide Virtual Urgent Care must be licensed separately in each state where the company does business. For now, that means Franciscan doctors can treat patients in Washington state and California, for example, but not in neighboring Oregon or Idaho. 46．What is helping telemedicine to rise to new stages? (No more than 10 words) 47．What does the underlined word “substitute” mean? (1 word) 48．Why would Diana Rae be happy to pay Virtual Urgent Care even more? (No more than 10 words) 49．Why can’t Virtual Urgent Care develop fast now? (No more than 10 words) 50．What do you think of Virtual Urgent Care’s future? Why? (No more than 20 words) 【答案】46．The rise of smartphones, tablets and webcam-equipped computers. 47．Replace. 48．Because it is convenient and safe./ She doesn’t need to wait or get exposed to germs. 49．Because its workers must be licensed separately in each state./ Because the state rules have prevented it from developing fast./ Because state rules have not kept progress with development in telemedicine. 50．I think it will have a bright future/ It will develop and become very popular because it is convenient and safe and charge/ price is reasonable. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了远程医疗的发展、应用、优势及当前面临的政策限制问题。 【详解】46．考查细节理解。根据第二段中“Telemedicine has existed for a long time, but the rise of smart phones, tablets and webcam-equipped computers is raising telemedicine to new levels.(远程医疗已经存在很长时间了，但智能手机、平板电脑以及配备网络摄像头的电脑的兴起正将其提升到一个新高度)”可知，帮助远程医疗提升到新阶段的是智能手机、平板电脑和配备网络摄像头的电脑的兴起。故答案为The rise of smartphones, tablets and webcam-equipped computers. 47．考查词句猜测。根据第四段中“He says about 3 out of 4 patients who have health problems can be treated like this — through Virtual Urgent Care, which means a video chat could substitute a visit to the doctor’s office.(他说，大约四分之三的健康问题患者可以通过虚拟紧急护理得到这样的治疗，这意味着视频聊天可以substitute去医生办公室就诊)”可知，视频聊天可以代替去医生办公室就诊，所以substitute意为“代替”。故答案为Replace. 48．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中““I would have paid twice that for the convenience of getting taken care of without having to sit in a waiting room, wait, and get exposed to everyone else’s germs.” Rae said.(“为了不用坐在候诊室里，不用等待，不用暴露在别人的细菌下，我愿意付两倍的钱。”Rae说)”可知，Diana Rae愿意为虚拟紧急护理支付更多费用是因为它方便且安全，她不需要等待或接触细菌。故答案为Because it is convenient and safe./ She doesn’t need to wait or get exposed to germs. 49．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中“But a company official says state rules have not kept progress with development in telemedicine. The workers who provide Virtual Urgent Care must be licensed separately in each state where the company does business.(但该公司一名官员表示，各州的规定并未跟上远程医疗的发展步伐。提供虚拟紧急护理的工人必须在公司开展业务的每个州分别获得许可)”可知，虚拟紧急护理现在不能快速发展是因为其工作人员必须在每个州分别获得许可，或者是因为各州的规定阻碍了它的发展，或者是因为各州的规定没有跟上远程医疗的发展步伐。故答案为Because its workers must be licensed separately in each state./ Because the state rules have prevented it from developing fast./ Because state rules have not kept progress with development in telemedicine. 50．开放性题目。此题要求对虚拟紧急护理的未来进行预测并说明原因，答案不唯一，合理即可。我认为虚拟紧急护理将有一个光明的未来，因为它方便、安全且收费合理。故答案为I think it will have a bright future/ It will develop and become very popular because it is convenient and safe and charge/ price is reasonable. 4 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $