Unit 1 课时6 Section B 3a-3c（分层作业）英语新教材鲁教版五四制九年级全一册

**基本信息** 本练习通过A/B/C组及拓展四层设计，构建从基础词汇句型到综合语篇应用的巩固路径，适配新授课差异化教学需求，兼顾语言能力夯实与思维品质提升。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |A组|基础词汇与句型|单词/词组默写、汉译英填空，强化语言能力基础| |B组|语法应用与语篇衔接|单项选择、阅读还原，提升思维品质中的逻辑分析| |C组|综合阅读与深度理解|多题材阅读理解、完形填空，培养文化意识与问题解决能力| |拓展|中考真题演练|中考题型（阅读、还原、填空），衔接测评需求，发展学习能力|

Unit 1 Power of Ideas 课时6 Section B (3a-3c) 分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 词汇 ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 滑翔机 glider 句型 飞机由莱特兄弟于1903年12月发明。 The plane was invented by the Wright brothers in December 1903 . 一、单词默写。 1. 相反；而是 __________ 2. 挑战；难题 ___________ 3. 一旦；从前；曾经；一次__________ 4. 发动机；引擎 __________ 【答案】1.rather 2.challenge 3.once 4.engine 二、词组默写。 1. 似乎；好像 _____________ 2. 以……开头；从……开始 _____________ 3. 因此；结果 ___________ 4. 做一些研究；查阅资料 _________ 5. 做某事有困难 ____________ 【答案】1. it seems that 2.begin with 3.as a result 4.do some research 5.have difficulties (in) doing 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. 然而，飞机的发明者奥维尔·莱特与威尔伯·莱特当初似乎根本无意去改变世界。 However, ___________ its inventors, Orville Wright and Wilbur Wright, were not _________change the world at all. 2. 第二个难题是滑翔机一旦升空该如何操控它。 The second was how to control it_________ it was flying. 3. 飞机的发明让我们的环球出行变得便捷、快速得多。 The invention of the plane has made our travels around the world much ____________. 【答案】1.it seems that；looking to 2.once 3.easier and faster 一、单项选择。 1. The use of modern medicine has helped ________many dangerous diseases. A. spread B. examine C. complete D. control 2. News could travel much more _________ with inventions like the radio and the television. A. widely B. slowly C. rapidly D. gradually 3. Fibre made from oil provides a(n) ______________ solution to the problem that many people cannot afford to buy enough clothes. A. expensive B. wealthy C. cheap D. wide 4. A film was __________ by a film company to tell us about what robots could do for people's lives in the future. A. discovered B. produced C. sold D. invented 5. In January 1911, Feng Ru carried out a ____________ test flight in Oakland City. He showed the world what Chinese people could achieve. A. polite B. pride C. public D. secret 【答案】1.D 2.C 3.C 4.B 5.C 【解析】 1.句意：现代药物的使用帮助控制了许多危险疾病。 A. spread 传播；扩散 B. examine 检查；审查 C. complete 完成 D. control 控制 解析：药物的作用是管控疾病，只有control符合语境。故选D。 2.句意：有了收音机、电视这类发明，消息能够传播得更加快速。 A. widely 广泛地 B. slowly 缓慢地 C. rapidly 快速地 D. gradually 逐渐地 解析：收音机、电视提升信息传递速度，rapidly侧重速度快。故选C。 3.句意：石油制成的纤维为很多人买不起足够衣物的难题提供了廉价的解决方案。 A. expensive 昂贵的 B. wealthy 富有的（修饰人） C. cheap 便宜的 D. wide 宽阔的 解析：解决“买不起衣服”的问题，对应廉价面料。故选C。 4.句意：一家影视公司制作了一部电影，向我们展示机器人未来能为人类生活做什么。 A. discovered 发现（原本存在的事物） B. produced 制作；拍摄 C. sold 售卖 D. invented 发明（全新事物） 解析：film搭配动词produce，表示拍摄、制作影片。故选B。 5.句意：1911年1月，冯如在奥克兰市进行了一次公开试飞，向世界展示中国人能取得的成就。 A. polite 礼貌的 B. pride n.骄傲（词性不符，不能修饰名词） C. public 公开的；公共的 D. secret 秘密的 解析：后文“向世界展示”说明是公开试飞。故选C。 二、阅读还原。 1. _________________ However, it seems that its inventors, Orville Wright and Wilbur Wright, were not looking to change the world at all. Rather, they just wanted to fly like birds. To solve the problem of heavier-than-air flight, the Wright brothers began working with gliders. 2. ___________The first was how to get the glider into the air. The second was how to control it once it was flying. For both problems, they found their solutions by looking at how birds flew. After they solved these problems, they added an engine to the glider. 3._______________ 4.______________Journeys that once took days, weeks, or even months, can now be made in only a few hours. As a result, communication among people in different countries is now much easier, 5._____________ A. No one knew how the plane was invented. B. and the world has become a much smaller place. C. The invention of the plane has greatly changed the world. D. There were two main challenges. E. Then, in December 1903, the world's first plane flights were made. F.The plane is one of the greatest inventions in the world. G.The invention of the plane has made our travels around the world much easier and faster. 【答案】 1.C 2.D 3.E 4.G 5.B 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述莱特兄弟发明飞机的过程，以及飞机对全球出行和交流产生的巨大影响。 1. 后文However表转折，介绍莱特兄弟最初只是想像鸟儿飞翔，并非有意改变世界，空格处需要总起句 明飞机改变世界，C符合段落开头总起逻辑，故选C。 2. 后文依次介绍第一个、第二个研发难题，D句总起说明存在两大挑战，形成总分关系，故选D。 3. 前文叙述他们解决滑翔机难题并加装发动机，E以Then衔接时间线，介绍1903年完成人类首次飞机试 飞，承接研发过程，故选E。 4. 后文对比过去与现在出行花费的时间，是对出行更便捷快速的具体阐释，G为本段主旨句，故选G。 5. 空前有并列连词and，和前半句各国人民交流更便利构成并列结果，B句完成段落收尾，故选B。 一、阅读理解 A Yang Zhenning: A Great Physicist Who Dedicated His Life to Science and His Motherland The world-renowned physicist, Professor Yang Zhenning, passed away due to illness in Beijing on October 18, 2025. Throughout his long and remarkable life, he was not only a Nobel Prize laureate in Physics but also an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and a respected professor at Tsinghua University. His contributions to science and his deep love for his homeland have left a lasting legacy. Yang was born in 1922. As a teenager, he lived in Tsinghua Garden, a place that left him with profound and cherished memories. The peaceful environment and rich academic atmosphere there inspired his early interest in knowledge and exploration. Later, he studied at Southwest Associated University, where, despite the difficulties of wartime, he built a solid foundation for his future scientific research under the guidance of exceptional scholars. In 1945, Yang traveled to the United States for further studies and earned his doctorate from the University of Chicago. His most outstanding achievement came in 1957 when he and his research partner, Li Zhengdao, proposed the theory of parity nonconservation, for which they were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics. This made Yang one of the first Chinese scientists to receive this highest honor in science. Moreover, his “Yang-Mills gauge theory” is widely regarded as a cornerstone of modern physics, providing essential guidance for the study of particle physics. Although he spent many years abroad, Yang always held a strong love for his motherland. In 1971, he became the first top-tier scientist to visit New China after 1949. This visit marked the beginning of his efforts to build bridges between Chinese and American scientists. He worked tirelessly to promote academic exchanges and raised funds to support nearly 100 Chinese scholars studying abroad, helping them gain access to advanced scientific knowledge and contributing to China’s technological development. In 1999, Yang returned to China and began teaching at Tsinghua University, eventually settling there. He once emotionally said, “Chinese culture is like a root in my heart.” At Tsinghua, he not only engaged in research and teaching but also often communicated with young students, encouraging them to explore bravely and pursue the truth. Yang Zhenning’s life embodied the integration of scientific spirit and patriotic dedication. His achievements and contributions will continue to inspire generations of young people to strive for both science and their country. 1．How old was Yang Zhenning when he died? A．99 years old. B．103 years old. C．105 years old. D．110 years old. 2．What can we infer from the passage? A．Yang Zhenning had a long connection with Tsinghua University. B．Yang Zhenning won the Nobel Prize all by himself. C．Yang Zhenning never went back to China after studying in the US. D．Yang Zhenning only studied at Southwest Associated University. 3．The underlined word “renowned” in Paragraph 1 probably means ________. A．Famous B．poor C．Quiet D．shy 4．When did Yang Zhenning win the Nobel Prize in Physics? A．In 1922 B．In 1945 C．In 1957 D．In 1999 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The history of the Nobel Prize in Physics. B．Yang Zhenning’s life story and great contributions. C．How to become a successful physicist. D．The development of Tsinghua University. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．A 4．C 5．B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了著名物理学家杨振宁教授的生平事迹及其对科学和祖国的巨大贡献。文章回顾了他从早年求学、获得诺贝尔奖、促进中美学术交流，到晚年回国在清华大学任教并鼓励年轻学子的历程，赞扬了他将科学精神与爱国情怀相结合的伟大一生。 【详解】1．根据第一段“passed away...on October 18, 2025”和第二段“Yang was born in 1922”，计算其享年：2025−1922=103岁。 2．文中提到他青少年时期住在清华园，后来在清华大学任教并定居，说明他与清华大学有着长期的联系，A项正确；B项错误，第三段提到他是和李政道（Li Zhengdao）共同提出的理论并获奖，并非独自获奖； C项错误，第四段提到他在1971年访问新中国，1999年回国定居； D项错误，第二段提到他在西南联大学习，第三段提到他在芝加哥大学获得博士学位，并非只在西南联大学习。 3．第一段开头提到杨振宁是“world-renowned physicist”，且后文提到他获得了诺贝尔奖，取得了影响现代物理学发展的突出成就，结合上下文语境可推知“renowned”意为“著名的、有名的”，对应A选项。 4．第三段明确指出：“His most outstanding achievement came in 1957 when he and his research partner, Li Zhengdao, proposed the theory of parity nonconservation, for which they were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics.”，说明他是在1957年获得诺贝尔物理学奖的。 5．全文围绕杨振宁的生平（出生、求学、获奖、回国、任教）以及他的贡献（科学理论、促进交流、培养人才）展开。A项只是背景；C项是方法论，非文章主旨；D项只是他生活的一部分。B项“杨振宁的生平故事和伟大贡献”最能概括全文。 B Wu Mengchao is known as the Father of Hepatobiliary Surgery (肝胆外科之父) in China. He spent about eighty years saving people’s lives. In 1922, Wu Mengchao was born in a mountain village in Fujian. Because his family didn’t have enough money to make a living, he went to Malaysia (马来西亚) with his mother at the age of 5. He helped his father do the work while studying in Malaysia. At the age of 18, Wu Mengchao returned to his country and then he studied in Tongji Middle School in Shanghai. In 2005, Wu won the State Pre-eminent Science and Technology Award (国家最高科学技术奖). However, he gave his 5,000,000 yuan to help with his students’ study. He once said, “Just my work can’t help Chinese people out of illness (疾病). I hope to teach more young people in the last years of my life.” He kept working until he was more than 90 years old. Wu spent his whole life treating patients (病人) with a warm heart. Once he said, “Medicine (医药) may not make everyone get well, but love will always bring sunshine to life.” 6．Why did Wu Mengchao go to Malaysia? A．Because he was a top student in his class. B．Because he was too tired to go on studying. C．Because his family was too poor to make a living. D．Because he wanted to learn something new in Malaysia. 7．Put the events about Wu Mengchao in the correct order. a. He studied in Tongji Middle School. b. He went to Malaysia with his mother. c. He gave 5,000,000 yuan to help with his students’ study. d. He won the State Pre-eminent Science and Technology Award. A．b-a-d-c. B．b-a-c-d. C．a-b-d-c. D．a-b-c-d. 8．What does the underlined phrase “returned to” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Arrived at. B．Came back to. C．Got out of. D．Rushed to. 9．What’s the structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． 10．What would be the best title (标题) for the passage? A．Love for sick people B．Saving people’s lives C．The hard life of Wu Mengchao D．A great Chinese doctor-Wu Mengchao 【答案】6．C 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇人物传记类说明文，介绍中国“肝胆外科之父”吴孟超的生平经历、重大成就与无私奉献的高尚品格。 【详解】6．原文第二段“Because his family didn’t have enough money to make a living, he went to Malaysia with his mother at the age of 5.”，吴孟超前往马来西亚的原因是家境贫寒难以维持生计。 7．事件时间顺序梳理：b. He went to Malaysia with his mother.（5岁去马来西亚） a. He studied in Tongji Middle School.（18岁回国读同济中学） d. He won the State Pre-eminent Science and Technology Award.（2005年获国家最高科技奖） c. He gave 5,000,000 yuan to help with his students’ study.（获奖后捐出奖金资助学生）。完整顺序为b-a-d-c。 8．原文第三段“At the age of 18, Wu Mengchao returned to his country”，结合前文他5岁远赴马来西亚，可推断“returned to”含义为“回到”，对应B选项Came back to。 9．文章结构：第①段总述吴孟超的身份与一生救人；②③④按时间顺序具体讲述他的生平经历和成就；⑤段总结他医者仁心的一生。对应C选项的“总分总”结构图示。 10．全文围绕吴孟超这位伟大的中国医生展开，介绍生平、成就与品格，D选项“A great Chinese doctor-Wu Mengchao”可完整概括全文。 二、完形填空 Sometimes dreams are surprisingly useful. Here is a story about how a dream helped solve a difficult problem. Do you know Elias Howe? You 1 never heard of him.But you must know the sewing (缝纫) machine. Yes, he was the 2 . And the sewing machine is 3 used throughout the world now. Before the sewing machine was invented, sewing by hand was 4 work. Elias Howe decided to design a machine to make sewing easy and quick. 5 he made some progress,he met a problem. It seemed 6 to get the thread (线) to run around the needle (针) without any problems. One day, he was tired, and slept badly. Then he had a 7 . In the dream he was 8 by a king.  The king ordered him to build a perfect sewing machine, 9 he would be killed. When he tried to do so, Howe met the same problem. The king was so 10 that he ordered his soldiers to kill Howe with a spear (长矛). Just before the spear stuck into his body, suddenly he noticed something. There was a hole in the tip (尖端) of the spear. Howe woke up from athe dream. And he 11 that he found the way to solve the problem. He should make it run through a small hole in the center of the needle 12 getting the thread to run around the needle. A simple idea finally came into Howe’s mind. 13 , he invented the first sewing machine. Like Howe, many scientists found the way to solve their problems 14 this way. Thomas Edison said his best 15 came into him in dreams. So did Albert Einstein. 1．A．can B．may C．must D．should 2．A．artist B．pioneer C．musician D．inventor 3．A．exactly B．wisely C．widely D．normally 4．A．hard B．easy C．national D．accidental 5．A．Because B．Until C．Although D．Before 6．A．impossible B．impolite C．uncomfortable D．unfair 7．A．sleep B．dream C．dinner D．headache 8．A．mentioned B．traded C．caught D．hidden 9．A．or B．and C．so D．but 10．A．sad B．happy C．angry D．surprised 11．A．researched B．realized C．achieved D．described 12．A．instead of B．kind of C．because of D．number of 13．A．As usual B．As a result C．As well D．As long as 14．A．on B．at C．for D．in 15．A．idea B．skill C．technology D．product 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．A 10．C 11．B 12．A 13．B 14．D 15．A 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述梦想有时能帮助人们解决难题，以伊莱亚斯·豪借助梦中灵感发明缝纫机的故事，说明不少科学家从梦境中获得解决问题的思路。 【详解】1．句意：你可能从没听说过他。 此处表达不确定的推测“可能”，may“可能”符合语境。can“可能”；must“必须”；should“应该”推测语气与语境不符。 2．句意：没错，他就是发明者。 前文提到缝纫机，inventor“发明者”符合语境。artist“艺术家”；pioneer“先驱”；musician“音乐家”均与发明缝纫机无关。 3．句意：并且如今缝纫机在全世界被广泛使用。 widely“广泛地”，widely throughout the world为固定搭配，符合语境。exactly“确切地”；wisely“明智地”；normally“正常地”语义不通。 4．句意：在缝纫机被发明之前，手工缝纫是很费力的活。 根据后文想简化缝纫工作，hard“费力的，困难的”符合语境。easy“简单的”；national“国家的”；accidental“意外的”逻辑不符。 5．句意：尽管他取得了一些进展，他却遇到了一个难题。 前后为让步关系，although“尽管”符合语境。because“因为”表原因；until“直到”表时间；before“在……之前”表先后，均不符合逻辑。 6．句意：要让线毫无阻碍地绕着针走似乎是不可能的。 后文他长期被该问题困扰，impossible“不可能的”符合语境。impolite“不礼貌的”；uncomfortable“不舒服的”；unfair“不公平的”语义不匹配。 7．句意：后来他做了一个梦。 下文完整描述梦境内容，dream“梦”符合语境。sleep“睡觉”；dinner“晚餐”；headache“头痛”与后文情节无关。 8．句意：在梦里，他被一位国王抓住了。 后文国王威胁处死他，catch“抓住”符合语境。mention“提及”；trade“交易”；hide“隐藏”不符合故事情节。 9．句意：国王命令他造出完美的缝纫机，否则他就会被处死。 or“否则”用于警告条件，符合语境。and“并且”表并列；so“因此”表结果；but“但是”表转折，逻辑不成立。 10．句意：国王十分生气，命令士兵用长矛杀死豪。 豪始终无法解决难题，angry“生气的”符合人物情绪。sad“伤心的”；happy“开心的”；surprised“惊讶的”与情节矛盾。 11．句意：他意识到自己找到了解决这个难题的办法。 从梦境得到启发后醒悟思路，realize“意识到”符合语境。research“研究”；achieve“实现”；describe“描述”语义不通。 12．句意：他应该让线穿过针中心的小孔，而不是让线绕着针走。 此处表示两种走线方式替换，instead of“而不是”符合语境。kind of“有点”；because of“因为”；number of“……的数量”无法表达对比含义。 13．句意：结果，他发明出了第一台缝纫机。 前文想出解决办法，后文是最终成果，as a result“结果”符合因果承接。as usual“像往常一样”；as well“也”；as long as“只要”逻辑不符。 14．句意：和豪一样，许多科学家都用这种方式找到了解决难题的办法。 in this way是固定搭配，表示“用这种方式”，in符合语境。on、at、for均不与this way搭配表方式。 15．句意：托马斯·爱迪生说他最好的想法都是在梦里出现在脑海中的。 全文讲述梦境带来解决难题的灵感，idea“想法、灵感”符合主旨。skill“技巧”；technology“技术”；product“产品”不符合文意。 一、阅读理解 （2026· 广东中考） A Want your children to manage money wisely? Bring them to our free workshops! Our money workshops are for 7 to 12-year-old children. These workshops will be held in the city library on weekends. Each workshop can take up to 20 children. Workshop 1: Wise Spender (9 a.m.—10 a.m. Sat.) Aims: ▶ to understand “needs” and “wants” in spending ▶ to learn how to make a budget plan Example Activity Children are given some spending choices like buying a book or seeing a film. They work together and discuss what to spend on within a budget. Workshop 2: Smart Saver (4 p.m.—5 p.m. Sun.) Aims: ▶ to understand the benefits of saving ▶ to learn how to open a bank account Example Activity Children are divided into two groups. One group acts as bank managers and the other acts as customers who want to open an account. Why Choose Us? We use real-world examples to help children learn to make smarter decisions on money. How To Book? You need to complete a booking form and send it to us at booking@citylibrary.org. For more information, please visit www.citylibrary.org. 1. When are the money workshops held? A. On Thursdays and Saturdays. B. On Tuesdays and Sundays. C. On Mondays and Wednesdays. D. On Saturdays and Sundays. 2. What can children learn from Workshop 1? A. How to create a budget plan. B. How to make a saving plan. C. How to make a lot of money. D. How to open a bank account. 3. The example activity in Workshop 2 is ________. A. a card game B. a role-play game C. a word game D. a treasure-hunt game 4. What makes the workshops a good choice? A. Interesting books. B. Free lunch. C. Real-life examples. D. Smart robots. 5. How can people get more information about the workshops? A. By visiting the website. B. By sending an email. C. By making a phone call. D. By filling in the form. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一则理财工作坊的活动通知，介绍了为7-12岁儿童免费举办的“明智的消费者”和“聪明的储蓄者”两个周末工作坊的内容、活动形式及报名方式。 1. 由“Workshop 1”部分“9 a.m.—10 a.m. Sat.”和“Workshop 2”部分“4 p.m.—5 p.m. Sun.”可知，工作坊在周六和周日举行。 2.由“Workshop 1: Wise Spender”部分“Aims: to learn how to make a budget plan”可知，孩子们在工作坊1中可以学习如何制定预算计划。 3.由“Workshop 2: Smart Saver”部分“Example Activity: One group acts as bank managers and the other acts as customers...”可知，这是角色扮演活动。 4.由“Why Choose Us”部分“We use real-world examples”可知，工作坊使用真实案例来帮助孩子学习。 5.由“How To Book”部分“For more information, please visit www.citylibrary.org.”可知，可以通过访问网站获取更多信息。 B(阅读还原） （2025·潍坊中考） Chopsticks are a pair of sticks to be used when eating ____6____ Chopsticks are considered one of the symbols of Chinese food culture. Here are three things you should know about them. ____7____ Chinese people started to use chopsticks about 3,000 years ago during the Shang Dynasty. During the pre-Qin period, chopsticks were called “Jia”, and in the Qin and Han dynasties, they were called “Zhu”. Because “Zhu” shares the same pronunciation with “stop” in Chinese, which is an unlucky word, by the Ming Dynasty, people began to call them “Kuai”, meaning “fast” in Chinese. ____8____ Who invented chopsticks? ____9____ One is that Jiang Ziya created chopsticks after getting an idea from a mythical (神秘的) bird. It is also said that Yu the Great, who founded the Xia Dynasty, used sticks to pick hot food in order to save time to control floods, so chopsticks came into being. How should we behave when using chopsticks? When eating with the elders, Chinese people usually let the elders take up chopsticks before anyone else. ____10____ It’s also bad to tap (敲) chopsticks on the edge of your bowl, because in ancient China beggars (乞丐) often did it to attract attention. 根据短文内容，从下列选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。 A. How were chopsticks invented? B. When were chopsticks invented? C. This is the origin of today’s name of Chinese chopsticks. D. Besides, playing with chopsticks is thought to be impolite. E. They were first used in China and then introduced to other countries. F. There is no exact historical record, but there are many folk stories about it. 【答案】6. E 7. B 8. C 9. F 10. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了筷子的历史、起源以及使用时的注意事项。 6.根据“Chopsticks are a pair of sticks to be used when eating.”可知，此处需要补充筷子的传播历史，E选项“它们首先在中国使用，然后传入其他国家”符合语境，故选E。 7.根据“Chinese people started to use chopsticks about 3,000 years ago during the Shang Dynasty. …”可知，此处需要补充关于筷子发明时间的问题，B选项“筷子是什么时候发明的”符合语境，故选B。 8.根据“Because ‘Zhu’ shares the same pronunciation with ‘stop’ in Chinese, which is an unlucky word, by the Ming Dynasty, people began to call them ‘Kuai’, meaning ‘fast’ in Chinese.”可知，此处说明筷子名称的演变。C选项“这是如今中国筷子名称的由来”符合语境。故选C。 9.根据“One is that Jiang Ziya created chopsticks after getting an idea from a mythical (神秘的) bird… It is also said that Yu the Great… used sticks to pick hot food…”可知，此处讨论的是筷子的发明者，但缺乏确切历史记录。F选项“关于这个问题没有确切的历史记载，但有许多民间故事”符合语境。故选F。 10.根据“It’s also bad to tap (敲) chopsticks on the edge of your bowl…”可知，此处补充使用筷子的其他禁忌。D选项“此外，玩弄筷子被认为是不礼貌的行为”符合语境。故选D。 二、阅读填空 （2025·日照中考） Zara Lachlan is 21 years old and from the UK. She set off from Portugal in a rowing boat on October 27. She would be rowing across the Atlantic Ocean with no one else to help her. Zara faced many ____1____ (challenge) along the way. Big waves turned her boat over. She hurt her arm, cut her leg, and ____2____ (break) a finger. At one point, she was nearly run over by a large ship. When she was crossing through the Canary Islands, Zara ran into a big storm. And ____3____ kept her boat off course for some time. However, Zara was so strong-willed that she decided not ____4____ (give) up. Her goal was to be ____5____ youngest person to row across the Atlantic. For Zara, the trip was also a chance to see nature as few people ever do. She saw dolphins, sharks, and even killer whales. One time, she ____6____ (hit) by a flying fish. She says the trip gave her many memories that would stay ____7____ her for life. After 97 days, she ____8____ (successful) arrived in Guiana, on the coast of South America on February 1st, 2025. “I went through a hard time. It took a ____9____ (long) time than I had expected, ____10____ I’m still proud of my effort,” Zara says. 【答案】1. challenges 2. broke 3. it 4. to give 5. the 6. was hit 7. with 8. successfully 9. longer 10. but 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了21岁的英国女孩Zara Lachlan独自划船穿越大西洋的经历，她克服了重重困难，最终成功抵达目的地，实现了自己的目标。 1.句意：Zara一路上面临着许多挑战。根据“many”可知，此处应用名词复数形式，“challenge”的复数形式是“challenges”。故填challenges。 2.句意：她伤了胳膊，割伤了腿，还折断了一根手指。根据“hurt”和“cut”可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，因此用一般过去时，“break”的过去式是“broke”。故填broke。 3.句意：并且这使她的船偏离航线一段时间。根据“And”可知，此处指代前文提到的“a big storm”，用代词“it”来指代这场大风暴。故填it。 4.句意：然而，Zara意志坚强，她决定不放弃。根据“decided not”可知，此处是固定搭配“decide not to do sth.”表示“决定不做某事”，因此用动词不定式“to give”。故填to give。 5.句意：她的目标是成为横渡大西洋最年轻的人。根据“youngest person”可知，此处表示最高级，因此用定冠词“the”修饰。故填the。 6.句意：有一次，她被一条飞鱼击中。根据“One time”可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，且主语“she”与“hit”之间是被动关系，因此用一般过去时的被动语态“was hit”。故填was hit。 7.句意：她说这次旅行给了她许多将终生难忘的回忆。“stay with sb.”表示“陪伴某人，与某人同在”，此处指记忆会陪伴她一生，因此用介词“with”。故填with。 8.句意：97天后，她于2025年2月1日成功抵达南美洲海岸的圭亚那。根据“arrived”可知，此处应用副词修饰动词，“successful”的副词形式是“successfully”。故填successfully。 9.句意：这比我预期的时间要长。根据“than”可知，此处应用比较级形式，“long”的比较级是“longer”。故填longer。 10.句意：这比我预期的时间要长，但我仍然为自己的努力感到骄傲。根据“It took a longer time than I had expected”和“I’m still proud of my effort”可知，前后两句之间是转折关系，因此用连词“but”表示“但是”。故填but。 ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $Unit 1 Power of Ideas 课时6 Section B (3a-3c) 分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 词汇 ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 滑翔机 __________ 句型 飞机由莱特兄弟于1903年12月发明。 The plane _______________the Wright brothers in December 1903. 一、单词默写。 1. 相反；而是 __________ 2. 挑战；难题 ___________ 3. 一旦；从前；曾经；一次__________ 4. 发动机；引擎 __________ 二、词组默写。 1. 似乎；好像 _____________ 2. 以……开头；从……开始 _____________ 3. 因此；结果 ___________ 4. 做一些研究；查阅资料 _________ 5. 做某事有困难 ____________ 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. 然而，飞机的发明者奥维尔·莱特与威尔伯·莱特当初似乎根本无意去改变世界。 However, ___________ its inventors, Orville Wright and Wilbur Wright, were not _________change the world at all. 2. 第二个难题是滑翔机一旦升空该如何操控它。 The second was how to control it_________ it was flying. 3. 飞机的发明让我们的环球出行变得便捷、快速得多。 The invention of the plane has made our travels around the world much ____________. 一、单项选择。 1. The use of modern medicine has helped ________many dangerous diseases. A. spread B. examine C. complete D. control 2. News could travel much more _________ with inventions like the radio and the television. A. widely B. slowly C. rapidly D. gradually 3. Fibre made from oil provides a(n) ______________ solution to the problem that many people cannot afford to buy enough clothes. A. expensive B. wealthy C. cheap D. wide 4. A film was __________ by a film company to tell us about what robots could do for people's lives in the future. A. discovered B. produced C. sold D. invented 5. In January 1911, Feng Ru carried out a ____________ test flight in Oakland City. He showed the world what Chinese people could achieve. A. polite B. pride C. public D. secret 二、阅读还原。 1. _________________ However, it seems that its inventors, Orville Wright and Wilbur Wright, were not looking to change the world at all. Rather, they just wanted to fly like birds. To solve the problem of heavier-than-air flight, the Wright brothers began working with gliders. 2. ___________The first was how to get the glider into the air. The second was how to control it once it was flying. For both problems, they found their solutions by looking at how birds flew. After they solved these problems, they added an engine to the glider. 3._______________ 4.______________Journeys that once took days, weeks, or even months, can now be made in only a few hours. As a result, communication among people in different countries is now much easier, 5._____________ A. No one knew how the plane was invented. B. and the world has become a much smaller place. C. The invention of the plane has greatly changed the world. D. There were two main challenges. E. Then, in December 1903, the world's first plane flights were made. F.The plane is one of the greatest inventions in the world. G.The invention of the plane has made our travels around the world much easier and faster. 一、阅读理解 A Yang Zhenning: A Great Physicist Who Dedicated His Life to Science and His Motherland The world-renowned physicist, Professor Yang Zhenning, passed away due to illness in Beijing on October 18, 2025. Throughout his long and remarkable life, he was not only a Nobel Prize laureate in Physics but also an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and a respected professor at Tsinghua University. His contributions to science and his deep love for his homeland have left a lasting legacy. Yang was born in 1922. As a teenager, he lived in Tsinghua Garden, a place that left him with profound and cherished memories. The peaceful environment and rich academic atmosphere there inspired his early interest in knowledge and exploration. Later, he studied at Southwest Associated University, where, despite the difficulties of wartime, he built a solid foundation for his future scientific research under the guidance of exceptional scholars. In 1945, Yang traveled to the United States for further studies and earned his doctorate from the University of Chicago. His most outstanding achievement came in 1957 when he and his research partner, Li Zhengdao, proposed the theory of parity nonconservation, for which they were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics. This made Yang one of the first Chinese scientists to receive this highest honor in science. Moreover, his “Yang-Mills gauge theory” is widely regarded as a cornerstone of modern physics, providing essential guidance for the study of particle physics. Although he spent many years abroad, Yang always held a strong love for his motherland. In 1971, he became the first top-tier scientist to visit New China after 1949. This visit marked the beginning of his efforts to build bridges between Chinese and American scientists. He worked tirelessly to promote academic exchanges and raised funds to support nearly 100 Chinese scholars studying abroad, helping them gain access to advanced scientific knowledge and contributing to China’s technological development. In 1999, Yang returned to China and began teaching at Tsinghua University, eventually settling there. He once emotionally said, “Chinese culture is like a root in my heart.” At Tsinghua, he not only engaged in research and teaching but also often communicated with young students, encouraging them to explore bravely and pursue the truth. Yang Zhenning’s life embodied the integration of scientific spirit and patriotic dedication. His achievements and contributions will continue to inspire generations of young people to strive for both science and their country. 1．How old was Yang Zhenning when he died? A．99 years old. B．103 years old. C．105 years old. D．110 years old. 2．What can we infer from the passage? A．Yang Zhenning had a long connection with Tsinghua University. B．Yang Zhenning won the Nobel Prize all by himself. C．Yang Zhenning never went back to China after studying in the US. D．Yang Zhenning only studied at Southwest Associated University. 3．The underlined word “renowned” in Paragraph 1 probably means ________. A．Famous B．poor C．Quiet D．shy 4．When did Yang Zhenning win the Nobel Prize in Physics? A．In 1922 B．In 1945 C．In 1957 D．In 1999 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The history of the Nobel Prize in Physics. B．Yang Zhenning’s life story and great contributions. C．How to become a successful physicist. D．The development of Tsinghua University. B Wu Mengchao is known as the Father of Hepatobiliary Surgery (肝胆外科之父) in China. He spent about eighty years saving people’s lives. In 1922, Wu Mengchao was born in a mountain village in Fujian. Because his family didn’t have enough money to make a living, he went to Malaysia (马来西亚) with his mother at the age of 5. He helped his father do the work while studying in Malaysia. At the age of 18, Wu Mengchao returned to his country and then he studied in Tongji Middle School in Shanghai. In 2005, Wu won the State Pre-eminent Science and Technology Award (国家最高科学技术奖). However, he gave his 5,000,000 yuan to help with his students’ study. He once said, “Just my work can’t help Chinese people out of illness (疾病). I hope to teach more young people in the last years of my life.” He kept working until he was more than 90 years old. Wu spent his whole life treating patients (病人) with a warm heart. Once he said, “Medicine (医药) may not make everyone get well, but love will always bring sunshine to life.” 6．Why did Wu Mengchao go to Malaysia? A．Because he was a top student in his class. B．Because he was too tired to go on studying. C．Because his family was too poor to make a living. D．Because he wanted to learn something new in Malaysia. 7．Put the events about Wu Mengchao in the correct order. a. He studied in Tongji Middle School. b. He went to Malaysia with his mother. c. He gave 5,000,000 yuan to help with his students’ study. d. He won the State Pre-eminent Science and Technology Award. A．b-a-d-c. B．b-a-c-d. C．a-b-d-c. D．a-b-c-d. 8．What does the underlined phrase “returned to” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Arrived at. B．Came back to. C．Got out of. D．Rushed to. 9．What’s the structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． 10．What would be the best title (标题) for the passage? A．Love for sick people B．Saving people’s lives C．The hard life of Wu Mengchao D．A great Chinese doctor-Wu Mengchao 二、完形填空 Sometimes dreams are surprisingly useful. Here is a story about how a dream helped solve a difficult problem. Do you know Elias Howe? You 1 never heard of him.But you must know the sewing (缝纫) machine. Yes, he was the 2 . And the sewing machine is 3 used throughout the world now. Before the sewing machine was invented, sewing by hand was 4 work. Elias Howe decided to design a machine to make sewing easy and quick. 5 he made some progress,he met a problem. It seemed 6 to get the thread (线) to run around the needle (针) without any problems. One day, he was tired, and slept badly. Then he had a 7 . In the dream he was 8 by a king.  The king ordered him to build a perfect sewing machine, 9 he would be killed. When he tried to do so, Howe met the same problem. The king was so 10 that he ordered his soldiers to kill Howe with a spear (长矛). Just before the spear stuck into his body, suddenly he noticed something. There was a hole in the tip (尖端) of the spear. Howe woke up from athe dream. And he 11 that he found the way to solve the problem. He should make it run through a small hole in the center of the needle 12 getting the thread to run around the needle. A simple idea finally came into Howe’s mind. 13 , he invented the first sewing machine. Like Howe, many scientists found the way to solve their problems 14 this way. Thomas Edison said his best 15 came into him in dreams. So did Albert Einstein. 1．A．can B．may C．must D．should 2．A．artist B．pioneer C．musician D．inventor 3．A．exactly B．wisely C．widely D．normally 4．A．hard B．easy C．national D．accidental 5．A．Because B．Until C．Although D．Before 6．A．impossible B．impolite C．uncomfortable D．unfair 7．A．sleep B．dream C．dinner D．headache 8．A．mentioned B．traded C．caught D．hidden 9．A．or B．and C．so D．but 10．A．sad B．happy C．angry D．surprised 11．A．researched B．realized C．achieved D．described 12．A．instead of B．kind of C．because of D．number of 13．A．As usual B．As a result C．As well D．As long as 14．A．on B．at C．for D．in 15．A．idea B．skill C．technology D．product 一、阅读理解 （2026· 广东中考） A Want your children to manage money wisely? Bring them to our free workshops! Our money workshops are for 7 to 12-year-old children. These workshops will be held in the city library on weekends. Each workshop can take up to 20 children. Workshop 1: Wise Spender (9 a.m.—10 a.m. Sat.) Aims: ▶ to understand “needs” and “wants” in spending ▶ to learn how to make a budget plan Example Activity Children are given some spending choices like buying a book or seeing a film. They work together and discuss what to spend on within a budget. Workshop 2: Smart Saver (4 p.m.—5 p.m. Sun.) Aims: ▶ to understand the benefits of saving ▶ to learn how to open a bank account Example Activity Children are divided into two groups. One group acts as bank managers and the other acts as customers who want to open an account. Why Choose Us? We use real-world examples to help children learn to make smarter decisions on money. How To Book? You need to complete a booking form and send it to us at booking@citylibrary.org. For more information, please visit www.citylibrary.org. 1. When are the money workshops held? A. On Thursdays and Saturdays. B. On Tuesdays and Sundays. C. On Mondays and Wednesdays. D. On Saturdays and Sundays. 2. What can children learn from Workshop 1? A. How to create a budget plan. B. How to make a saving plan. C. How to make a lot of money. D. How to open a bank account. 3. The example activity in Workshop 2 is ________. A. a card game B. a role-play game C. a word game D. a treasure-hunt game 4. What makes the workshops a good choice? A. Interesting books. B. Free lunch. C. Real-life examples. D. Smart robots. 5. How can people get more information about the workshops? A. By visiting the website. B. By sending an email. C. By making a phone call. D. By filling in the form. B(阅读还原） （2025·潍坊中考） Chopsticks are a pair of sticks to be used when eating ____6____ Chopsticks are considered one of the symbols of Chinese food culture. Here are three things you should know about them. ____7____ Chinese people started to use chopsticks about 3,000 years ago during the Shang Dynasty. During the pre-Qin period, chopsticks were called “Jia”, and in the Qin and Han dynasties, they were called “Zhu”. Because “Zhu” shares the same pronunciation with “stop” in Chinese, which is an unlucky word, by the Ming Dynasty, people began to call them “Kuai”, meaning “fast” in Chinese. ____8____ Who invented chopsticks? ____9____ One is that Jiang Ziya created chopsticks after getting an idea from a mythical (神秘的) bird. It is also said that Yu the Great, who founded the Xia Dynasty, used sticks to pick hot food in order to save time to control floods, so chopsticks came into being. How should we behave when using chopsticks? When eating with the elders, Chinese people usually let the elders take up chopsticks before anyone else. ____10____ It’s also bad to tap (敲) chopsticks on the edge of your bowl, because in ancient China beggars (乞丐) often did it to attract attention. 根据短文内容，从下列选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。 A. How were chopsticks invented? B. When were chopsticks invented? C. This is the origin of today’s name of Chinese chopsticks. D. Besides, playing with chopsticks is thought to be impolite. E. They were first used in China and then introduced to other countries. F. There is no exact historical record, but there are many folk stories about it. 二、阅读填空 （2025·日照中考） Zara Lachlan is 21 years old and from the UK. She set off from Portugal in a rowing boat on October 27. She would be rowing across the Atlantic Ocean with no one else to help her. Zara faced many ____1____ (challenge) along the way. Big waves turned her boat over. She hurt her arm, cut her leg, and ____2____ (break) a finger. At one point, she was nearly run over by a large ship. When she was crossing through the Canary Islands, Zara ran into a big storm. And ____3____ kept her boat off course for some time. However, Zara was so strong-willed that she decided not ____4____ (give) up. Her goal was to be ____5____ youngest person to row across the Atlantic. For Zara, the trip was also a chance to see nature as few people ever do. She saw dolphins, sharks, and even killer whales. One time, she ____6____ (hit) by a flying fish. She says the trip gave her many memories that would stay ____7____ her for life. After 97 days, she ____8____ (successful) arrived in Guiana, on the coast of South America on February 1st, 2025. “I went through a hard time. It took a ____9____ (long) time than I had expected, ____10____ I’m still proud of my effort,” Zara says. $ Unit 1 Power of Ideas 课时6 Section B (3a-3c) 分层作业 参考答案 核心知识速记 词汇: glider 句型:was invented by 一、单词默写。 1.rather 2.challenge 3.once 4.engine 二、词组默写。 1. it seems that 2.begin with 3.as a result 4.do some research 5.have difficulties (in) doing 三、、根据汉语提示完成句子 1.it seems that；looking to 2.once 3.easier and faster 一、单项选择。 1.D 2.C 3.C 4.B 5.C 二、阅读还原。 1.C 2.D 3.E 4.G 5.B 一、阅读理解 1．B 2．A 3．A 4．C 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．D 二、完形填空 1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．A 10．C 11．B 12．A 13．B 14．D 15．A 一、阅读理解 1. D 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. A 6. E 7. B 8. C 9. F 10. D 二、阅读填空 1. challenges 2. broke 3. it 4. to give 5. the 6. was hit 7. with 8. successfully 9. longer 10. but ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $