Unit 2 课时1 Section A 1a-1d（分层作业）英语新教材鲁教版五四制九年级全一册

**基本信息** 本练习以“分层进阶+中考衔接”为特色，通过A/B/C组及拓展层的梯度设计，实现从词汇句型基础巩固到语篇综合应用的递进，培养语言能力与思维品质。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |A组巩固过关|核心词汇（如beyond, mission）、基础词组（如explore space）、简单句型翻译|以默写和基础填空为主，强化新授课核心语言知识记忆| |B组能力进阶|语法应用（被动语态、非谓语动词）、情景对话补全|通过单词适当形式填空和对话选择，提升语言运用能力| |C组思维拔高|科技类语篇阅读（如航天任务、AI应用）、完形填空|选取真实科技情境材料，考查信息提取与逻辑推理能力| |拓展链接中考|中考真题（阅读理解、书面表达）|对接中考题型，综合考查语言综合运用与应试能力|

Unit 2 Power of Ideas 课时1 Section A (1a-1d) 分层作业 参考答案 核心知识速记 词汇 1. beyond 2. launch 3. manned 句型 1. will be sent 2.will be greatly improved 一、单词默写。 1. beyond 2. mission 3. telescope 4. rover 5. manned 6. launch 二、词组默写。 1. Beyond Earth 2. explore space 3. a mission to the moon 4. a manned mission 5. understanding of the moon 6. live class in space 7. It is believed that 8. It is hoped that 三、根据汉语提升完成句子 1. It is hoped that 2. It is believed that 3. was completed 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. sent 2. written 3. is hoped 4. manned 5. will be fixed 6. completely 7. will be built 二、补全对话 1．A 2．D 3．C 4．B 5．D 一、阅读理解 1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．D 10．A 二、完形填空 1．C 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．D 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．D 10．C 11．D 12．B 13．C 14．B 15．A 一、阅读理解 1. C 2. B 3. D 4. A 5. C 6. E 7. D 8. A 9. F 10. B 二、书面表达 【参考范文】 Interests make my life interesting Everyone has interests. They are like lights in our dark life. They make daily life colorful and meaningful. My favorite interest is reading books. Last month, I read a fascinating book about space exploration. It was truly amazing. I learned many new things from it happily. Reading helps me relax completely after busy study. It also opens my eyes to the wonderful world. Because of reading, I become more confident and knowledgeable. I think interests are necessary for everyone. They bring us happiness and great power. Let’s develop our own interests actively now. Make our life interesting and meaningful together. ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $Unit 2 Power of Ideas 课时1 Section A (1a-1d) 分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 词汇 1. 超出；在……较远的一边；在（或向）更远处 ____________ 2. 发射；发起 ____________ 3. 载人的；需人操作的 ____________ 句型 1. 更多航天员将会被送往空间站。More astronauts__________ there. 2. 相信我们对月球乃至太阳系的认知水平将会大幅提升。 一、单词默写。 ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. 超出；在……较远的一边；在（或向）更远处 ____________ 2. 任务；使命 ____________ 3. 望远镜 ____________ 4. 探测器；漫游者 ____________ 5. 载人的；需人操作的 ____________ 6. 发射；发起 ____________ 二、词组默写。 1. 地球之外 ____________ 2. 探索太空 ____________ 3. 登月任务 ____________ 4. 载人任务 ____________ 5. 对月球的认知 ____________ 6. 太空授课 ____________ 7. 人们相信…… ____________ 8. 人们希望…… ____________ 【答案】1. Beyond Earth 2. explore space 3. a mission to the moon 4. a manned mission 5. understanding of the moon 6. live class in space 7. It is believed that 8. It is hoped that 三、根据汉语提升完成句子 1.人们期待载人登月任务在不久之后接续实施。 ________________ a manned mission to the moon will follow in the near future. 2.相信我们对月球乃至太阳系的认知水平将会大幅提升。 ________________ our understanding of the moon and the solar system will be greatly improved. 3.天宫空间站于2022年末全面建成。 The Tiangong space station_____________ in late 2022. 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. Zhurong is a rover _________(send) to Mars to explore its surface. 2. The letter ________ (write) by my friend arrived this morning. 3.It__________( hope) that our space station will be more complete. 4.A __________(man) mission to the moon will be carried out soon. 5. The bike __________( fix) tomorrow. 6. I _____________(complete) forgot to take my keys this morning. 7.A new playground _________ (build )in our school in the near future. 二、选择补全对话 Weiwei: Hi, Mark! The robot show is starting today. Mark: Really? 1._____________ Weiwei: Of course! A new home robot named “Lingbao” can understand your feelings. Mark: 2.___________ Can even a machine understand our feelings? How does it do that? Weiwei: By remembering your habits. For example, if you always listen to music after school, the music player will turn itself on. Mark: Wow, it’s like a real friend! 3.___________ Weiwei: A robot can now help patients learn to walk again. They’re changing our lives. Mark: That’s truly meaningful. Weiwei: 4._____________ Mark: It is a challenge, but it’s getting better. Weiwei: It seems robots will be our helpful partners in the future. Mark: 5._____________ Let’s go and see the future for ourselves! 1．A．Are there any new kinds of robots? B．May you pay for the machine? C．Have you ever watched the movie? D．Can the robot help with chores? 2．A．That’s all right! B．Enjoy yourself! C．What a funny joke! D．That sounds amazing! 3．A．Can it talk? B．Is it expensive? C．Anything else? D．Does it work well? 4．A．Would you like to hang out with me? B．Can common families own these robots? C．Is it easy for people to take photos? D．Can robots play chess with humans? 5．A．See you then. B．I hope not. C．I’m not sure. D．I agree with you. 一、阅读理解 A Shenzhou-21 Crew Completes Record Space MissionThree Chinese astronauts of the Shenzhou-21 mission safely returned to Earth on May 29. They stayed on China’s space station for 210 days, setting a new national record for the longest single space mission. During their stay, they finished many space experiments and three spacewalks. All three astronauts are in excellent health after the long journey. This successful mission marks great progress for China’s manned space program and inspires more people to explore space. Robot Carnival Shines at World Intelligence ExpoA wonderful robot carnival (嘉年华) took place at Tianjin Cultural Center during the 2026 World Intelligence Expo. It lasted four days and attracted lots of visitors. Nearly 300 robots of different kinds showed up here. People enjoyed amazing performances, such as robot dancing, boxing and calligraphy shows. There were also brilliant drone light shows. This activity clearly shows the rapid development of AI and robot technology. It not only brings great fun to people but also lets us learn more about smart technology. ________________________________________Now AI is greatly helping China forecast (预报) sandstorms. Scientists have developed an advanced AI system. Compared with traditional ways, it works much faster and gives more exact results. It can finish long-term forecasts in just one minute and warn people early. With its help, people can get ready for sandstorms ahead of time and reduce risks to health and daily life. This technology fully shows China’s progress in meteorology (气象学) and artificial intelligence. 1．In which section of the newspaper can we read the news? A．Sports. B．Technology. C．Lifestyle. D．Environment. 2．According to the first piece of news, we can infer that ________. A．the astronauts suffered poor health after the mission B．no experiments were carried out in the space station C．the mission broke the world record for space stay D．the space mission has achieved great success 3．At the Robot Carnival, people can ________. A．watch many great performances B．make robots with their own hands C．take part in robot boxing games D．learn to design new drones 4．The best heading for the third piece of news would be ________. A．How an advanced AI system works well B．Terrible sandstorms harm our daily life C．AI improves sandstorm forecasting well D．How to reduce sandstorm harm to life 5．What do the three pieces of news have in common? A．They all focus on space exploration projects. B．They reflect China’s advances in modern technology. C．They mainly introduce different kinds of AI robots. D．They aim to remind people of natural disasters. B A great scientific discovery amazed the world. Chinese scientists have already found a new method to produce water on the moon, which could change how we think about living on the moon in the future! Their discovery shows that by using lunar soil, scientists can get a lot of water on the moon. In the past, the research on the moon showed that there might be ice at the moon’s north and south poles (极). However, there isn’t much water in lunar minerals (矿物)—only a little bit, like 0.0001 percent to 0.02 percent, which makes it hard to find and use water there. ________ The researchers, however, found something exciting, after studying the rocks and soil from the moon brought back by the Chang’e-5 spacecraft. One of the exciting things they discovered is that lunar soil melts (熔化) when the temperature rises above 1,000℃. When it begins to melt, it gives off water vapor (蒸汽). They learned that just 100g of lunar soil can produce 5.1 ml to 7.6 ml of water. So, if we had one ton of lunar soil, we could get between 51 kg and 76 kg of water. That’s enough for 50 people to drink for one day! All in all, this research reveals new possibilities for finding water on the moon. It’s important for future trips to the moon and people who might live there someday. As we learn more about how to get water from lunar soil, we get closer to the dream of humans living on the moon! 6．What may the discovery change according to Paragraph 1? A．The purpose of studying the moon. B．The way to do research on lunar minerals. C．People’s ideas about living on the moon. D．The method to produce water on the earth. 7．Which of the following can be put in “________” in Paragraph 2? A．So it’s difficult for people to expect to live on the moon. B．So it’s easy for scientists to collect ice on the moon. C．So it’s expensive to get water from lunar minerals. D．So it’s possible to bring water to the moon from the earth. 8．How much water may the researchers get if they have 1,000g of lunar soil? A．B． C． D． 9．What does the underlined word “reveals” probably mean in the last paragraph? A．Loses. B．Hides. C．Needs. D．Shows. 10．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．A new way to get water on the moon. B．Human trips to the moon in the future. C．How human can live on the moon. D．Why the lunar soil produces water vapor. 二、完形填空 Dark, cold and wet, a cave lies deep in the mountains of Wulong district (区), Chongqing. It welcomed 1 visitors in winter. From December 2025 to January 2026, 28 astronauts 2 China’s first cave-training mission, reported Xinhua. They were divided 3 four teams. Each team spent six days and five nights in the cave while 4 tasks such as scientific research and basic life-support work. The cave environment shares many 5 with space. Astronauts are 6 separated from the outside world and have very little room to move. These conditions can be copied in special training areas. Inside the cave, the 7 stays at an average of about 8℃, and the humidity (湿度) reaches up to 99 percent. The cave has many 8 paths and rock walls, pushing astronauts to their physical limits (限度). Sudden dangers, such as falling rocks or getting lost, help astronauts 9 their quick-thinking and decision-making skills. Cave training also helps astronauts develop mental strength. Jiang Yuan, a trainer for the astronauts, 10 the cave herself during the early planning stage. “The biggest 11 for me was the darkness,” Jiang told Xinhua. “I didn’t know the time, my memory started to blur (变模糊) and my reactions slowed down.” Zhu Yangzhu, an astronaut who joined the cave training, also mentioned the strange 12 , similar to space. “We could 13 our own heartbeat and breath,” he said. The European Space Agency (ESA) began 14 the use of natural caves for astronaut training in 2005. Ye Guangfu took part in one of ESA’s cave training programs in Italy in 2016.“Compared with the European training, our support team intervened (干预) as 15 as possible,” Ye told Xinhua. “This allows astronauts to solve problems on their own,” he added. 1．A．busy B．noisy C．special D．common 2．A．joined B．left C．missed D．found 3．A．up B．into C．on D．at 4．A．cutting off B．carrying out C．putting on D．turning down 5．A．troubles B．experiences C．rules D．similarities 6．A．heavily B．lately C．totally D．hardly 7．A．temperature B．price C．speed D．space 8．A．wide B．narrow C．bright D．clean 9．A．force B．stop C．watch D．improve 10．A．broke B．built C．entered D．checked 11．A．message B．idea C．dream D．challenge 12．A．wind B．quietness C．light D．shape 13．A．smell B．taste C．hear D．feel 14．A．stopping B．studying C．wasting D．counting 15．A．little B．much C．early D．late 一、阅读理解 A （2026·济南市莱芜区一模） When autumn arrives in the United States and Canada, you can see one of nature’s greatest scenes—the yearly migration(迁徙) of the monarch butterflies(帝王蝶). No other butterfly in the world migrates like the orange and black monarch of North America. They can not live for long periods in cold weather. So each autumn around October, the butterflies travel up to 3,000 kilometers south to spend winter. Some even fly to the mountains of Mexico. It usually takes the butterflies two months to reach Mexico. When it is warm, they start to back north in the spring. But not one butterfly finishes the whole trip. They lay eggs along the way and die. “It might take the monarchs as many as four to five generations(代) to complete the journey all the way back up to Canada,” says Sarina Jepsen, who directs the endangered species program for the Xerces Society. The most amazing thing about these butterflies is that they return to the very same trees in Mexico that their great-great-grandparents used the winter before. However, the number of these colorful butterflies has dropped in recent years. The US Fish and Wildlife Service said that nearly a billion monarchs have disappeared from overwintering sites(越冬地点) since 1990, the Washington Post reported, one of the main reasons, experts say, is that farmers have used herbicides(除草剂) on the milkweed(马利筋) plants that these butterflies feed on... 1. How is paragraph 2 developed? A. By listing numbers. B. By asking questions. C. By explaining the reasons. D. By comparing the differences. 2. What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 3 mean? A. People are interested in the lifestyle of monarch butterflies. B. It’s hard for the monarch butterflies to complete the migration. C. People wonder how the monarch butterflies complete the journey. D. Sarina Jepsen encourages people to protect the monarch butterflies. 3. What’s the most amazing thing about the monarch butterflies? A. They can fly up to 3,000 km. B. They feed on milkweed plants. C. They lay eggs along the way and die. D. They return to the same trees as their ancestors. 4. What is the main reason for the drop in the number of butterflies? A. Less food. B. Bad weather. C. Air pollution. D. Climate change. 5. What might the writer talk about next? A. How to describe the life of the monarch butterflies. B. How to research the monarch butterflies. C. How to protect the monarch butterflies. D. How to catch more monarch butterflies. B(阅读还原） “Don’t try to change me.” 6.________ It is often used by people who regard change as a kind of attack (攻击) on their identity (身份). Any suggestion of improvement or an idea of reading a self-help book seems like they are not being accepted just the way they are. But is there a person in this world who never changes during their whole life? If you think about it, change is something that is happening to us every day. Our experiences and the challenges we face, the people we meet, and the things we watch, read or hear all influence us, making us change gradually. 7.__________ I believe that intentional (有意的) change in the form of self-improvement is something to be proud of. 8.__________ We don’t trust the things that we know little about because we are not sure about the result they will bring. After years of being stuck in the same habits and patterns of thinking, we may be afraid of breaking the normal way we do things. How does one break this cycle? 9._________ In order for anyone to change, they have to truly want it and make that decision on their own. Once they do, what they need is to find good ways to make an achievement. 10._____________ Think about what can be done differently in the future instead of repeating the same behaviors and expecting a different result. A. Perhaps changing makes us uneasy. B. Another, probably more common way is to learn from experiences. C. You may feel great after changing yourself. D. Because life is not always staying the same. E. You surely have heard it in many situations during your life. F. It can only be done through a decision to change something. G. We should keep this in mind. 二、书面表达 （2026·吉林中考） 兴趣点亮生活。请以“Interests make my life interesting”为题，用英语写一篇短文。内容包括： (1) 表达兴趣在生活中的重要性； (2) 叙述一件与自己兴趣有关的事； (3) 谈谈兴趣给你带来的积极影响； (4) 发出培养兴趣的号召。 写作要求： (1) 层次清晰，语言流畅； (2) 词数在90~100之间，开头部分已给出，不计入总词数； (3) 书写规范，卷面整洁； (4) 文中不能出现考生姓名和学校名称。 Interests make my life interesting Everyone has interests. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ $ Unit 2 Power of Ideas 课时1 Section A (1a-1d) 分层作业 A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 拓展 链接中考 词汇 1. 超出；在……较远的一边；在（或向）更远处 beyond 2. 发射；发起 launch 3. 载人的；需人操作的 manned 句型 1. 更多航天员将会被送往空间站。More astronauts will be sent there. 2. 相信我们对月球乃至太阳系的认知水平将会大幅提升。 It is believed that our understanding of the moon and the solar system will be greatly improved. 一、单词默写。 ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. 超出；在……较远的一边；在（或向）更远处 ____________ 2. 任务；使命 ____________ 3. 望远镜 ____________ 4. 探测器；漫游者 ____________ 5. 载人的；需人操作的 ____________ 6. 发射；发起 ____________ 【答案】1. beyond 2. mission 3. telescope 4. rover 5. manned 6. launch 二、词组默写。 1. 地球之外 ____________ 2. 探索太空 ____________ 3. 登月任务 ____________ 4. 载人任务 ____________ 5. 对月球的认知 ____________ 6. 太空授课 ____________ 7. 人们相信…… ____________ 8. 人们希望…… ____________ 【答案】1. Beyond Earth 2. explore space 3. a mission to the moon 4. a manned mission 5. understanding of the moon 6. live class in space 7. It is believed that 8. It is hoped that 三、根据汉语提升完成句子 1.人们期待载人登月任务在不久之后接续实施。 ________________ a manned mission to the moon will follow in the near future. 2.相信我们对月球乃至太阳系的认知水平将会大幅提升。 ________________ our understanding of the moon and the solar system will be greatly improved. 3.天宫空间站于2022年末全面建成。 The Tiangong space station_____________ in late 2022. 【答案】1. It is hoped that 2. It is believed that 3. was completed 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. Zhurong is a rover _________(send) to Mars to explore its surface. 2. The letter ________ (write) by my friend arrived this morning. 3.It__________( hope) that our space station will be more complete. 4.A __________(man) mission to the moon will be carried out soon. 5. The bike __________( fix) tomorrow. 6. I _____________(complete) forgot to take my keys this morning. 7.A new playground _________ (build )in our school in the near future. 【答案】1. sent 2. written 3. is hoped 4. manned 5. will be fixed 6. completely 7. will be built 【解析】1.句意：祝融号是一辆被送往火星探测其表面的探测车。名词rover与send是被动关系，此处用过去分词作后置定语表被动，send的过去分词为sent，故填sent。 2.句意：我朋友写的那封信今早到了。名词letter与write是被动关系，此处用过去分词作后置定语表被动，write的过去分词为written，故填written。 3.句意：人们希望我们的空间站会更加完善。固定句型It is hoped that…（人们希望……），it作形式主语，与hope构成被动关系，为一般现在时被动语态，故填is hoped。 4.句意：载人登月任务很快将会实施。空后mission为名词，需形容词修饰；manned意为“载人的”，符合语境，故填manned。 5.句意：这辆自行车明天会被修理。tomorrow表将来，bike与fix是被动关系，一般将来时被动语态结构为will be+过去分词，fix的过去分词为fixed，故填will be fixed。 6.句意：今早我完全忘记带钥匙了。空后动词forgot需副词修饰，complete的副词形式为completely，意为“完全地”，故填completely。 7.句意：不久我校将要新建一座操场。in the near future表将来，操场和建造是被动关系，一般将来时被动语态为will be+过去分词，build过去分词为built，故填will be built。 二、选择补全对话 Weiwei: Hi, Mark! The robot show is starting today. Mark: Really? 1._____________ Weiwei: Of course! A new home robot named “Lingbao” can understand your feelings. Mark: 2.___________ Can even a machine understand our feelings? How does it do that? Weiwei: By remembering your habits. For example, if you always listen to music after school, the music player will turn itself on. Mark: Wow, it’s like a real friend! 3.___________ Weiwei: A robot can now help patients learn to walk again. They’re changing our lives. Mark: That’s truly meaningful. Weiwei: 4._____________ Mark: It is a challenge, but it’s getting better. Weiwei: It seems robots will be our helpful partners in the future. Mark: 5._____________ Let’s go and see the future for ourselves! 1．A．Are there any new kinds of robots? B．May you pay for the machine? C．Have you ever watched the movie? D．Can the robot help with chores? 2．A．That’s all right! B．Enjoy yourself! C．What a funny joke! D．That sounds amazing! 3．A．Can it talk? B．Is it expensive? C．Anything else? D．Does it work well? 4．A．Would you like to hang out with me? B．Can common families own these robots? C．Is it easy for people to take photos? D．Can robots play chess with humans? 5．A．See you then. B．I hope not. C．I’m not sure. D．I agree with you. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．B 5．D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了Weiwei和Mark关于机器人展览的对话，讨论了新型机器人的神奇功能及其对未来生活的影响。 1．根据下文“Of course! A new home robot named ‘Lingbao’ can understand your feelings.”可知，此处是对上文提问的肯定回答，且下文紧接着介绍了一款新型家庭机器人，说明上文是在询问是否有新型机器人。A选项“Are there any new kinds of robots?”符合语境逻辑。 2．根据上文“A new home robot named ‘Lingbao’ can understand your feelings.”以及下文“Can even a machine understand our feelings?”可知，Mark对机器竟然能理解人类感情感到十分惊讶与不可思议。D选项“That sounds amazing!”表达了惊叹之情，逻辑连贯。 3．根据下文“A robot can now help patients learn to walk again.”可知，Weiwei继续列举了机器人帮助病人的新功能，这说明此处Mark在询问机器人是否还有其他本领。C选项“Anything else?”起到了承上启下引出更多功能的提问作用。 4．根据下文“It is a challenge, but it’s getting better.”可知，Mark认为某件事目前还是个挑战，但情况正在好转。结合前文讨论的“home robot”，B选项“Can common families own these robots?”符合逻辑，因为先进机器人的普及往往面临成本或技术挑战。 5．根据上文“It seems robots will be our helpful partners in the future.”以及下文“Let’s go and see the future for ourselves!”可知，Mark对Weiwei关于机器人将成为人类得力助手的观点表示强烈赞同，并提议立刻去参观。D选项“I agree with you.”符合语境。 一、阅读理解 A Shenzhou-21 Crew Completes Record Space MissionThree Chinese astronauts of the Shenzhou-21 mission safely returned to Earth on May 29. They stayed on China’s space station for 210 days, setting a new national record for the longest single space mission. During their stay, they finished many space experiments and three spacewalks. All three astronauts are in excellent health after the long journey. This successful mission marks great progress for China’s manned space program and inspires more people to explore space. Robot Carnival Shines at World Intelligence ExpoA wonderful robot carnival (嘉年华) took place at Tianjin Cultural Center during the 2026 World Intelligence Expo. It lasted four days and attracted lots of visitors. Nearly 300 robots of different kinds showed up here. People enjoyed amazing performances, such as robot dancing, boxing and calligraphy shows. There were also brilliant drone light shows. This activity clearly shows the rapid development of AI and robot technology. It not only brings great fun to people but also lets us learn more about smart technology. ________________________________________Now AI is greatly helping China forecast (预报) sandstorms. Scientists have developed an advanced AI system. Compared with traditional ways, it works much faster and gives more exact results. It can finish long-term forecasts in just one minute and warn people early. With its help, people can get ready for sandstorms ahead of time and reduce risks to health and daily life. This technology fully shows China’s progress in meteorology (气象学) and artificial intelligence. 1．In which section of the newspaper can we read the news? A．Sports. B．Technology. C．Lifestyle. D．Environment. 2．According to the first piece of news, we can infer that ________. A．the astronauts suffered poor health after the mission B．no experiments were carried out in the space station C．the mission broke the world record for space stay D．the space mission has achieved great success 3．At the Robot Carnival, people can ________. A．watch many great performances B．make robots with their own hands C．take part in robot boxing games D．learn to design new drones 4．The best heading for the third piece of news would be ________. A．How an advanced AI system works well B．Terrible sandstorms harm our daily life C．AI improves sandstorm forecasting well D．How to reduce sandstorm harm to life 5．What do the three pieces of news have in common? A．They all focus on space exploration projects. B．They reflect China’s advances in modern technology. C．They mainly introduce different kinds of AI robots. D．They aim to remind people of natural disasters. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．B 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了中国神舟二十一号载人航天任务圆满完成、世界智能博览会机器人嘉年华展出、人工智能助力沙尘暴预报三则新闻，展现了中国现代科技的飞速发展与进步。 1．三则新闻分别介绍航天科技、智能机器人技术、人工智能气象预报，均围绕科技领域展开，说明这篇新闻可以在报纸的科技板块阅读。 2．第一则新闻最后一段指出：“This successful mission marks great progress for China’s manned space program and inspires more people to explore space.”，说明此次太空任务取得了巨大成功。 3．第二则新闻中间部分写道：“People enjoyed amazing performances, such as robot dancing, boxing and calligraphy shows.”，说明人们可以在机器人嘉年华观看精彩的各类表演。 4．第三则新闻主要介绍人工智能系统相较于传统方式，能更快速、精准地预报沙尘暴，降低灾害风险，核心内容是人工智能有效优化了沙尘暴预报工作。 5．通读三则新闻可知，航天事业、智能机器人、AI气象预报都属于现代科技领域，三则内容共同展现了中国现代科技的发展与突破。 B A great scientific discovery amazed the world. Chinese scientists have already found a new method to produce water on the moon, which could change how we think about living on the moon in the future! Their discovery shows that by using lunar soil, scientists can get a lot of water on the moon. In the past, the research on the moon showed that there might be ice at the moon’s north and south poles (极). However, there isn’t much water in lunar minerals (矿物)—only a little bit, like 0.0001 percent to 0.02 percent, which makes it hard to find and use water there. ________ The researchers, however, found something exciting, after studying the rocks and soil from the moon brought back by the Chang’e-5 spacecraft. One of the exciting things they discovered is that lunar soil melts (熔化) when the temperature rises above 1,000℃. When it begins to melt, it gives off water vapor (蒸汽). They learned that just 100g of lunar soil can produce 5.1 ml to 7.6 ml of water. So, if we had one ton of lunar soil, we could get between 51 kg and 76 kg of water. That’s enough for 50 people to drink for one day! All in all, this research reveals new possibilities for finding water on the moon. It’s important for future trips to the moon and people who might live there someday. As we learn more about how to get water from lunar soil, we get closer to the dream of humans living on the moon! 6．What may the discovery change according to Paragraph 1? A．The purpose of studying the moon. B．The way to do research on lunar minerals. C．People’s ideas about living on the moon. D．The method to produce water on the earth. 7．Which of the following can be put in “________” in Paragraph 2? A．So it’s difficult for people to expect to live on the moon. B．So it’s easy for scientists to collect ice on the moon. C．So it’s expensive to get water from lunar minerals. D．So it’s possible to bring water to the moon from the earth. 8．How much water may the researchers get if they have 1,000g of lunar soil? A．B． C． D． 9．What does the underlined word “reveals” probably mean in the last paragraph? A．Loses. B．Hides. C．Needs. D．Shows. 10．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．A new way to get water on the moon. B．Human trips to the moon in the future. C．How human can live on the moon. D．Why the lunar soil produces water vapor. 【答案】6．C 7．A 8．B 9．D 10．A 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍中国科学家发现利用月壤在月球制取水的新方法，该发现为月球寻水提供新可能，对人类未来月球探索与定居意义重大。 6．第一段指出“Chinese scientists have already found a new method to produce water on the moon, which could change how we think about living on the moon in the future!”，这项发现会改变人们对于在月球居住的看法。 7．第二段指出“However, there isn’t much water in lunar minerals—only a little bit, like 0.0001 percent to 0.02 percent, which makes it hard to find and use water there.”，矿物里水分含量极低，很难取水，因此人类想要在月球居住很困难。 8．第三段指出“They learned that just 100g of lunar soil can produce 5.1 ml to 7.6 ml of water.”，100g月球土壤可产生5.1-7.6ml水，因此1000g月球土壤可产生51-76ml水，对应选项B烧杯图示。 9．最后一段指出“All in all, this research reveals new possibilities for finding water on the moon.”，结合上下文可知，研究为在月球上找水揭示/展现了新的可能性，因此“reveals”意为“展现、揭示”，与“Shows”意思相近。 10．文章围绕中国科学家发现的、从月球土壤中制取水的新方法展开，介绍了这一方法的原理、数据和意义，因此A选项“A new way to get water on the moon”最能概括全文主旨。 二、完形填空 Dark, cold and wet, a cave lies deep in the mountains of Wulong district (区), Chongqing. It welcomed 1 visitors in winter. From December 2025 to January 2026, 28 astronauts 2 China’s first cave-training mission, reported Xinhua. They were divided 3 four teams. Each team spent six days and five nights in the cave while 4 tasks such as scientific research and basic life-support work. The cave environment shares many 5 with space. Astronauts are 6 separated from the outside world and have very little room to move. These conditions can be copied in special training areas. Inside the cave, the 7 stays at an average of about 8℃, and the humidity (湿度) reaches up to 99 percent. The cave has many 8 paths and rock walls, pushing astronauts to their physical limits (限度). Sudden dangers, such as falling rocks or getting lost, help astronauts 9 their quick-thinking and decision-making skills. Cave training also helps astronauts develop mental strength. Jiang Yuan, a trainer for the astronauts, 10 the cave herself during the early planning stage. “The biggest 11 for me was the darkness,” Jiang told Xinhua. “I didn’t know the time, my memory started to blur (变模糊) and my reactions slowed down.” Zhu Yangzhu, an astronaut who joined the cave training, also mentioned the strange 12 , similar to space. “We could 13 our own heartbeat and breath,” he said. The European Space Agency (ESA) began 14 the use of natural caves for astronaut training in 2005. Ye Guangfu took part in one of ESA’s cave training programs in Italy in 2016.“Compared with the European training, our support team intervened (干预) as 15 as possible,” Ye told Xinhua. “This allows astronauts to solve problems on their own,” he added. 1．A．busy B．noisy C．special D．common 2．A．joined B．left C．missed D．found 3．A．up B．into C．on D．at 4．A．cutting off B．carrying out C．putting on D．turning down 5．A．troubles B．experiences C．rules D．similarities 6．A．heavily B．lately C．totally D．hardly 7．A．temperature B．price C．speed D．space 8．A．wide B．narrow C．bright D．clean 9．A．force B．stop C．watch D．improve 10．A．broke B．built C．entered D．checked 11．A．message B．idea C．dream D．challenge 12．A．wind B．quietness C．light D．shape 13．A．smell B．taste C．hear D．feel 14．A．stopping B．studying C．wasting D．counting 15．A．little B．much C．early D．late 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．D 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．D 10．C 11．D 12．B 13．C 14．B 15．A 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍中国航天员在重庆武隆天然洞穴开展洞穴模拟太空训练的相关情况，讲述洞穴环境和太空环境高度相似，严苛的洞内条件能从身体素质与心理素质两方面锻炼航天员，同时对比了欧洲航天局的洞穴航天员训练模式。 1．句意：它在冬季迎来了特殊的访客。 后文说明访客是航天员，前来开展洞穴训练任务，并非普通游客，special表示特殊的；busy忙碌的、noisy吵闹的、common普通的均不符合语境。 2．句意：据新华社报道，在2025年12月至2026年1月期间，28航天员参与了中国首次洞穴训练任务。 “…China’s first cave-training mission”表示参与训练任务，joined表示参与某项任务；left离开、missed错过、found发现和“参与训练任务”语义不匹配。 3．句意：他们被分成四个小组。 固定搭配divide…into… 意为“把……分成……”，介词into为固定用法；up、on、at无法搭配divide构成该含义。 4．句意：每组航天员要在洞穴里待六天五晚，同时开展科研和基础生活保障相关工作等任务。 “carry out tasks”是固定搭配，表示执行、开展任务；cutting off切断、putting on穿上、turning down拒绝，均不能和tasks搭配。 5．句意：洞穴环境和太空环境存在许多相似之处。 全文围绕洞穴模拟太空环境训练航天员展开，similarity表示“相似点”；troubles麻烦、experiences经历、rules规则，不符合上下文逻辑。 6．句意：航天员和外界完全隔绝，可供活动的空间非常狭小。 “have very little room to move”表明他们和外界完全隔绝，totally表示“完全地”，totally separated即彻底隔绝；heavily沉重地、lately近来、hardly几乎不，语义不通。 7．句意：洞穴内部的平均气温维持在8摄氏度左右，湿度最高可达99%。 后文出现 8℃是温度数值，temperature表示温度；price价格、speed速度、space空间和摄氏度无关。 8．句意：洞穴内分布着许多狭窄的通道与岩壁，不断挑战航天员的身体极限。 结合狭小的洞穴环境，narrow表示“狭窄的”；wide宽阔的、bright 明亮的、clean干净的和洞穴崎岖狭窄的环境相悖。 9．句意：落石、迷路这类突发险情能够帮助航天员提升临场应变与决策能力。 突发险情能够帮助航天员提升能力，improve符合；force逼迫、stop阻止、watch观看，不能搭配skills（能力）。 10．句意：航天员教练员姜媛在项目筹备早期亲自进入过这个洞穴。 下文讲述对她来说最大的挑战就是黑暗环境，说明姜媛在项目筹备早期亲自进入过这个洞穴，enter表示“进入”；broke打破、built建造、checked检查，不符合“亲身进洞穴考察”的语境。 11．句意：对我来说最大的挑战就是黑暗环境。 黑暗带来分不清时间、记忆模糊等问题，属于训练中的挑战，用challenge；message信息、idea想法、dream梦想，不符合语境。 12．句意：参与本次洞穴训练的航天员朱杨柱也提到了和太空环境相似的奇特静谧感。 后文能听见自身心跳和呼吸，说明环境极度安静，quietness代表静谧；wind风、light光、shape外形和听见呼吸的细节无关。 13．句意：我们能够听见自己的心跳与呼吸声。 心跳、呼吸依靠听觉感知，hear表示“听见”；smell闻、taste品尝、feel感受，不能搭配心跳呼吸。 14．句意：欧洲空间局早在2005年就开始研究利用天然洞穴开展航天员训练。 研究、探究天然洞穴的训练用途，studying符合；stopping停止、wasting浪费、counting数数和句意不符。 15．句意：和欧洲的训练模式相比，我方后勤团队会尽可能少的介入。 后文说明少干预可以锻炼航天员独立解决问题，as little as possible表示“尽可能少”；much多、early早、late晚，不符合“自主解决问题”的逻辑。 一、阅读理解 A （2026·济南市莱芜区一模） When autumn arrives in the United States and Canada, you can see one of nature’s greatest scenes—the yearly migration(迁徙) of the monarch butterflies(帝王蝶). No other butterfly in the world migrates like the orange and black monarch of North America. They can not live for long periods in cold weather. So each autumn around October, the butterflies travel up to 3,000 kilometers south to spend winter. Some even fly to the mountains of Mexico. It usually takes the butterflies two months to reach Mexico. When it is warm, they start to back north in the spring. But not one butterfly finishes the whole trip. They lay eggs along the way and die. “It might take the monarchs as many as four to five generations(代) to complete the journey all the way back up to Canada,” says Sarina Jepsen, who directs the endangered species program for the Xerces Society. The most amazing thing about these butterflies is that they return to the very same trees in Mexico that their great-great-grandparents used the winter before. However, the number of these colorful butterflies has dropped in recent years. The US Fish and Wildlife Service said that nearly a billion monarchs have disappeared from overwintering sites(越冬地点) since 1990, the Washington Post reported, one of the main reasons, experts say, is that farmers have used herbicides(除草剂) on the milkweed(马利筋) plants that these butterflies feed on... 1. How is paragraph 2 developed? A. By listing numbers. B. By asking questions. C. By explaining the reasons. D. By comparing the differences. 2. What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 3 mean? A. People are interested in the lifestyle of monarch butterflies. B. It’s hard for the monarch butterflies to complete the migration. C. People wonder how the monarch butterflies complete the journey. D. Sarina Jepsen encourages people to protect the monarch butterflies. 3. What’s the most amazing thing about the monarch butterflies? A. They can fly up to 3,000 km. B. They feed on milkweed plants. C. They lay eggs along the way and die. D. They return to the same trees as their ancestors. 4. What is the main reason for the drop in the number of butterflies? A. Less food. B. Bad weather. C. Air pollution. D. Climate change. 5. What might the writer talk about next? A. How to describe the life of the monarch butterflies. B. How to research the monarch butterflies. C. How to protect the monarch butterflies. D. How to catch more monarch butterflies. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D 4. A 5. C 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了帝王蝶的迁徙习性、代际接力特点，以及近年其数量下降的主要原因。 1. 第二段先点明帝王蝶不耐寒冷，再说明其秋季南飞越冬的行为，以解释原因的方式展开段落，故选C。 2. 划线句表明帝王蝶需要四五代才能完成北归全程，意在说明迁徙旅程十分艰难，故选B。 3. 文中明确指出帝王蝶最惊人的特点，是能回到祖辈曾越冬的同一棵树，故选D。 4. 帝王蝶数量下降的主因是除草剂破坏了其食物来源马利筋，即可食用的食物减少，故选A。 5. 文末提出帝王蝶数量锐减的问题，后文最有可能围绕如何保护它们展开，故选C。 B(阅读还原） “Don’t try to change me.” 6.________ It is often used by people who regard change as a kind of attack (攻击) on their identity (身份). Any suggestion of improvement or an idea of reading a self-help book seems like they are not being accepted just the way they are. But is there a person in this world who never changes during their whole life? If you think about it, change is something that is happening to us every day. Our experiences and the challenges we face, the people we meet, and the things we watch, read or hear all influence us, making us change gradually. 7.__________ I believe that intentional (有意的) change in the form of self-improvement is something to be proud of. 8.__________ We don’t trust the things that we know little about because we are not sure about the result they will bring. After years of being stuck in the same habits and patterns of thinking, we may be afraid of breaking the normal way we do things. How does one break this cycle? 9._________ In order for anyone to change, they have to truly want it and make that decision on their own. Once they do, what they need is to find good ways to make an achievement. 10._____________ Think about what can be done differently in the future instead of repeating the same behaviors and expecting a different result. A. Perhaps changing makes us uneasy. B. Another, probably more common way is to learn from experiences. C. You may feel great after changing yourself. D. Because life is not always staying the same. E. You surely have heard it in many situations during your life. F. It can only be done through a decision to change something. G. We should keep this in mind. 【答案】6. E 7. D 8. A 9. F 10. B 【解析】 【导语】本文反驳了抗拒改变的心态，指出改变是人生常态，分析了惧怕改变的原因并给出打破循环的方法。 6. 句意：“别试图改变我”这句话，你一生中肯定在很多场合都听过。它常被将改变视为对自身身份攻击的人使用。前句引出常用语句，后句的it指代该句，E选项承上启下符合语境，故选E。 7. 句意：我们的经历、见闻等都会影响我们，让我们逐渐改变，因为生活并非一成不变。我相信以自我提升形式的有意改变值得骄傲。D选项点明改变是常态的本质原因，承接前文并引出后文观点，故选D。 8. 句意：也许改变会让我们感到不安。我们不了解的事物就难以信任，因为不确定它会带来什么结果。A选项作为本段主题句，总起后文对改变恐惧的解释，故选A。 9. 句意：如何打破这种循环？这只能通过做出改变的决定来实现。要想改变，必须真心想要改变并自主做出决定。F选项回应前文的问题，且与后文的make that decision呼应，故选F。 10. 句意：一旦下定决心，就需要找到好方法取得成效。另一种更常见的方法是从经验中学习。想想未来可以做出哪些改变，而非重复旧行为却期待不同结果。B选项承接前文的“找方法”，后文内容是对该方法的具体阐释，故选B。 二、书面表达 （2026·吉林中考） 兴趣点亮生活。请以“Interests make my life interesting”为题，用英语写一篇短文。内容包括： (1) 表达兴趣在生活中的重要性； (2) 叙述一件与自己兴趣有关的事； (3) 谈谈兴趣给你带来的积极影响； (4) 发出培养兴趣的号召。 写作要求： (1) 层次清晰，语言流畅； (2) 词数在90~100之间，开头部分已给出，不计入总词数； (3) 书写规范，卷面整洁； (4) 文中不能出现考生姓名和学校名称。 Interests make my life interesting Everyone has interests. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【参考范文】 Interests make my life interesting Everyone has interests. They are like lights in our dark life. They make daily life colorful and meaningful. My favorite interest is reading books. Last month, I read a fascinating book about space exploration. It was truly amazing. I learned many new things from it happily. Reading helps me relax completely after busy study. It also opens my eyes to the wonderful world. Because of reading, I become more confident and knowledgeable. I think interests are necessary for everyone. They bring us happiness and great power. Let’s develop our own interests actively now. Make our life interesting and meaningful together. ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $