Unit1语法讲解及习题：系动词（Linking verbs）2026-2027学年沪教版（五四学制）英语九年级上册

该初中英语单元知识清单系统梳理了沪教英语（五四学制）九上Unit1系动词语法内容，涵盖基本概念、四大分类（状态变化、感官、状态持续、本体状态）及核心易错考点，构建了从“概念辨析”到“分类应用”再到“考点突破”的递进式学习支架。 清单通过“语义功能分类”和“易错对比标注”呈现知识体系，如状态变化类系动词按“渐进变化（become）、颜色转变（turn）”等语义侧重细化，培养学生语言能力和思维品质。设计“专项分层练习”（单选、填空、改错）及“错题解析”，如标注“系动词后接形容词”考点并配错误例句对比，助力不同学生高效掌握，教师可据此精准教学，提升课堂实效。

沪教英语（五四学制）九上Unit1语法讲解及习题： 系动词（Linking verbs） 一、语法详细讲解 （一）基本概念 系动词（连系动词）本身不表示实际动作，不能单独作谓语，后面必须接表语（多为形容词、名词、介词短语等），用来说明主语的性质、身份、状态、特征或变化趋势，构成结构：主语 + 系动词 + 表语。 区分要点：实义动词描述主语做出的动作；系动词描述主语自身状态。 例： She grows tall.（grow 系动词，表状态变化：她长高了） She grows flowers.（grow 实义动词，表动作：她种花） （二）系动词四大分类（课本划分标准） 类别 1：状态变化类系动词（表示事物从一种状态转变为另一种状态） 单词：get、become、turn、go、grow、come 1. become：侧重循序渐进、永久性的变化，书面语气更强 例：He becomes more mature during his teenage life.（步入青春期，他变得更加成熟。） 2. get：多用于口语，常接形容词比较级，多指情绪、天气的渐变 例：Students get tired after long study.（长时间学习后学生会感到疲惫。） 3. grow：侧重生理、年龄、身形自然逐步变化 例：Teenagers grow stronger year by year.（青少年逐年变得健壮。） 4. turn：大多用于颜色、天色的转变 例：The sky turns dark in the late afternoon.（傍晚天色慢慢变暗。） 5. go：多用于事物转向不良状态 例：Some students go nervous before exams.（部分学生考前变得紧张。） 6. come：多用于向好的方向发生改变，常见搭配 come true（实现） 例：Your teenage dreams may come true with hard work.（努力之后你的青春梦想可以实现。） 类别 2：感官类系动词（对应人体五大感官） 单词：look（看起来）、feel（摸起来；感到）、sound（听起来）、taste（尝起来）、smell（闻起来） 考点：后面直接接形容词，不能用副词修饰；可以用 quite、much 等程度副词修饰。 例：The activity looks interesting.（这场活动看起来很有意思。） 类别 3：状态持续类系动词（表示原有状态保持不变） 单词：keep、stay、remain 1. keep：主动刻意维持某种状态，高频搭配 keep calm/keep healthy 例：Keep positive when you face teenage troubles.（遭遇青春烦恼请保持乐观。） 2. stay：侧重客观事物维持现状，可接形容词、介词短语 例：Stay relaxed during daily study.（日常学习中保持放松。） 3. remain：书面用语，强调历经外界变化之后依旧保持原有状态 例：She remains quiet though she makes many new friends.（尽管结交许多好友，她依旧性格内敛。） 类别 4：本体状态类系动词（直接界定主语本身属性、身份） 单词：be（am/is/are/was/were）、seem、appear 1. be 动词：最基础系动词，可接名词、形容词、介词短语作表语 例：Teenage life is full of new changes.（青春生活充满各类变化。） 2. seem：主观感觉上 “似乎、好像”，常用结构 seem to do 例：He seems upset about growing pains.（他似乎因为成长的烦恼闷闷不乐。） 3. appear：侧重外在表象看起来如此，内在未必属实 例：The task appears difficult for teenagers.（这项任务对青少年而言看似很难。） （三）核心易错考点汇总 1. 系动词没有被动语态，不可以用于进行时态（表渐进变化的 get/grow 可用于进行时） ❌ She is become tall. ✅ She is growing tall. 2. 系动词后固定接形容词作表语，极易误用副词 ❌ You look sadly. ✅ You look sad. 3. 固定短语辨析：make sb. + 形容词（此处 make 为使役动词，后接宾语补足语，课本原句 which made him feel lonely） 4. 易混词区分： grow（系动词：变得；实义动词：种植）；turn（系动词：变得；实义动词：转动）；feel（系动词：感觉；实义动词：触摸） 二、专项练习题 题型一：单项选择题 1. As teenagers grow up, they ________ more independent little by little. A. become B. turn C. taste D. smell 2. The music from the speech ________ wonderful and many students listen carefully. A. tastes B. sounds C. feels D. gets 3. Please ________ calm whenever you meet trouble in teenage life. A. keep B. turn C. come D. grow 4. The leaves ________ yellow when autumn arrives. A. go B. turn C. become D. get 5. The boy ________ upset because he can’t deal with his growing pains. A. seems B. looks like C. tastes D. sounds like 6. The milk ________ terrible, so nobody wants to drink it. A. smells B. feels C. remains D. keeps 7. You ________ quite energetic after taking sports exercise. A. look B. look at C. watch D. see 8. Her dream ________ true finally after years of hard work. A. goes B. comes C. turns D. gets 9. The weather ________ colder as winter is coming. A. gets B. turns C. tastes D. sounds 10. He ________ silent and never shares his feelings with others. A. remains B. appears to C. seems do D. stays that 11. This piece of bread ________ hard, you’d better not eat it. A. feels B. touches C. sounds D. becomes to 12. Some students ________ lazy without proper self-management. A. go B. come C. remain to D. turn to 13. The plan ________ easy, but actually it costs lots of energy. A. appears B. becomes into C. gets to D. turns into 14. I ________ nervous before I stand in front of my classmates to speak. A. feel B. sense C. touch D. look at 15. Teenage life ________ an important stage for every student. A. is B. becomes into C. turns to D. gets into 题型二：选用方框内系动词适当形式填空（ become, feel, be, seem, get, grow, go, stay） 16. Tom gradually ________________ interested in voluntary work during his junior high years. 17. As time passes, teenagers ________________ taller and stronger. 18. You ________________ worried about your study these days, what’s wrong? 19. The little boy ________________ to be afraid of facing public speech. 20. If you keep practising, you ________________ more confident soon. 21. Don’t ________________ mad when others point out your shortcomings. 22. Try your best to ________________ positive when you suffer setbacks. 23. Everyone ________________ happy after finishing the interesting group activity. 题型三：句子改错，划出错误并写出正确答案 24. The teenage story sounds beautifully. _____________________________________________________________________ 25. The girl grows quickly and turns more tall. _____________________________________________________________________ 26. He seems sadly after failing the peer counselling activity. _____________________________________________________________________ 27. Keep calmly and you can solve your growing problems. _____________________________________________________________________ 28. The cake tastes wonderfully. _____________________________________________________________________ 题型四：句型转换 29. Many teenagers show great interest in outdoor sports.（用 become 改写） 30. The weather turns cold in late autumn.（改为同义句，用 get） 31. She keeps relaxed all the time.（用 remain 改写同义句） 题型五：短文选词填空 选词：become, feel, be, seem, get, grow, go Lisa took up tennis at seven years old. Day by day, she (32)________ fond of this sport. Now she (33)________ one of the best young tennis players in the city. Whenever she plays tennis, she (34)________ energetic. She never (35)________ upset even if she loses matches, and she always stays confident. 三、答案与详细解析 （一）单项选择答案 + 解析 1. 答案：A 解析：become 侧重青春期循序渐进产生的状态改变，表示变得独立；turn 多用于颜色，taste、smell 为感官动词，语义不符。 2. 答案：B 解析：主语 music 搭配感官系动词 sound（听起来）。 3. 答案：A 解析：固定搭配 keep calm 保持冷静，属于状态持续类系动词。 4. 答案：B 解析：turn 专门用于色彩发生转变，树叶变黄固定用 turn yellow。 5. 答案：A 解析：seem upset 看起来闷闷不乐；look like 后接名词，不能直接加形容词。 6. 答案：A 解析：牛奶闻起来味道糟糕，选用 smell。 7. 答案：A 解析：look 此处为系动词，意为看起来；look at/watch/see 均为实义动词，后面不能接形容词。 8. 答案：B 解析：固定搭配 come true（梦想实现），为状态向好转变的固定短语。 9. 答案：A 解析：get colder 侧重气温逐步变冷，常用于天气变化。 10. 答案：A 解析：remain silent 保持沉默；B 选项后需要 to be，C、D 结构存在语法错误。 11. 答案：A 解析：feel hard 摸起来质地坚硬；touch 是实义动词，意为触摸。 12. 答案：A 解析：go 可用于转向消极不良的状态，go lazy 变得懈怠懒散。 13. 答案：A 解析：appear 表示表象看上去如此，实际并非这样，契合本句句意。 14. 答案：A 解析：feel nervous 感到紧张，感官系动词描述内心感受。 15. 答案：A 解析：be 动词作为本体类系动词，用来界定主语属性；become into、turn into 结构错误。 （二）方框选词填空答案 + 解析 16. became 解析：讲述初中阶段过往经历，时态选用一般过去时，gradually became interested 渐渐产生兴趣。 17. grow 解析：描述青少年成长的客观常态，用一般现在时，grow taller 身形长高。 18. are getting 解析：these days（近来）体现现阶段状态，现在进行时，get worried 变得焦虑。 19. seems 解析：seem to do 固定结构，主语为三单，使用 seems。 20. will become 解析：soon 表示不久之后，一般将来时，将会变得自信。 21. go 解析：go mad 变得烦躁，go 多用于负面状态变化，祈使句动词原形。 22. stay 解析：stay positive 保持乐观，祈使句，选用状态持续类系动词。 23. feels 解析：所有人完成活动之后感到愉悦，主语 everyone 作单数，谓语用 feels。 （三）改错答案 + 解析 24. 错误：beautifully → 改正：beautiful 解析：sound 作为系动词，后面必须接形容词作表语，副词不可以充当表语。 25. 错误：turn → 改正：get 解析：描述身高变化不用 turn，turn 仅限颜色；比较级 taller 搭配 get 更为合适。 26. 错误：sadly → 改正：sad 解析：seem 系动词后接形容词 sad。 27. 错误：calmly → 改正：calm 解析：keep 系动词，后跟形容词 calm。 28. 错误：wonderfully → 改正：wonderful 解析：taste 感官系动词，形容词作表语。 （四）句型转换参考答案 29. Many teenagers become interested in outdoor sports. 解析：become interested in 为固定搭配，替换原句 show great interest in。 30. The weather gets cold in late autumn. 解析：get 可以替换 turn，表示气温产生变化。 31. She remains relaxed all the time. 解析：remain 和 keep 均可表达维持某种状态不变。 （五）短文填空答案 32. grew 解析：讲述过往慢慢喜爱上网球，grow fond of 表示渐渐爱上某项事物，过去式 grew。 33. is 解析：介绍当下身份，be 动词作系动词。 34. feels 解析：打球时内心感到精力充沛，主语 she 为第三人称单数，用 feels。 35. goes 解析：go upset 陷入低落情绪，用于消极状态变化。 ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $