精品解析：山东省烟台栖霞市（五四制）2025-2026学年八年级上学期期中考试英语试题

八年级英语试题 注意事项: 1. 本试卷共10页, 满分100分; 考试时间100分钟。考试结束后, 请将答题卡交回。 2. 答题前, 务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号填写在试卷和答题卡规定的位置上。 3. 选择题选出答案后, 用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑; 如需, 改动用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其它答案标号。 4. 非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答, 答案必须写在答题卡指定区域内相应位置; 如需改动, 先划掉原来的答案, 然后再写上新的答案; 不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。 5. 在答题卡指定区域外的答案无效。 第一部分 书写与卷面 (10分) 第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节, 满分35分) 第一节 (共15小题; 每小题2分, 满分30分) 阅读下列短文, 从短文后每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。 (A) Some students are talking about doing chores in their homes. My father is strict with us. He thinks everyone in the family should help out with the chores. My sister and I are our parents’ great helpers. My sister helps to do the dishes and sweep the floor. My job is to take out the rubbish and clean the living room. Jenny In my family, my brother and I don’t do lots of chores. I only make my bed and my brother folds his clothes. In fact, my mom does most of the chores although she is busy. Many people say my brother and I are spoiled. But my mom thinks children should spend a lot of time studying instead of doing chores. Allen I have a sister and she is eight years older than me. She is independent and she used to do the chores in my family. But she went to another country to go to college last year. So I took over the job and started to do the chores. Grace 1. What does Jenny’s sister do at home? A. Take out the rubbish. B. Make the bed. C. Sweep the floor. D. Clean the kitchen. 2. Who does most of the chores in Allen’s home? A. Allen. B. Allen’s mother. C. Allen’s father. D. Allen’s brother. 3. Why did Grace start to do the chores? A. Because her sister studied in another country. B. Because she was an independent girl at home. C. Because she thought doing chores was interesting D. Because her parents asked her to do the chores strictly. (B) The Smiths woke up earlier than usual. There was something about hiking that made them feel wide awake and excited to start the day as their eyes were open. The family had a simple breakfast. They discussed the plan for the day at table. “Dad and I looked at a map last night,” said Mrs. Smith. “We found a nearby trail (小径). There are many interesting things along the way, and best of all, there will be a surprise at the end of the trail.” “What kind of surprise?” asked Jenny. “It won’t be a surprise if we tell you,” laughed her mom. “The sooner you get ready to go, the sooner you’ll find out.” They set out for hiking soon. It was a good day for seeing wildlife. Along the trail, the trees were filled with kinds of birds flying around. Hearing a noise in the grass, they stopped and saw two rabbits crossing the trail. After a while, Mike noticed several monkeys in the trees and Mr. Smith took photos before they ran away. Then, they continued their hiking. Jenny and Mike were discussing what kind of snake they had just seen on the way. At this moment, they came to an open area with some small pools. The kids’ eyes grew wide. They looked at their parents. “Is this the surprise?” asked Mike in excitement. Mr. and Mrs. Smith smiled as they walked over to one of the small pools. Steam rose into the air. “They’re hot springs, and the heat is produced from inside the earth,” explained Mr. Smith. “Could we have a bath in the spring if we have our bathing suits?” asked Jenny. Mrs. Smith nodded. “Your bathing suits are in the bag.” She laughed, putting her feet into the spring water. “I can’t believe it! Mom and Dad. This is a great surprise!” Jenny jumped. 4. Why did the Smiths wake up earlier? A. They looked at a map last night. B. There was a simple breakfast. C. There was something about hiking. D. They found a nearby trail. 5. Which is the right order of the animals they saw on the way? A. snakes→birds→rabbits→monkeys B. monkeys→snakes→birds→rabbits C. rabbits→snakes→monkeys→birds D. birds→rabbits→monkeys→snakes 6. What does the underlined word “surprise” refer to? A. An open area. B. The hot spring. C. A nearby trail. D. The heat from inside the earth. 7. What’s the best title for the passage? A. A Natural Bath B. A Lucky Family C. A Humorous Mom D. A Beautiful Pool (C) When you are sad, you need to find ways to deal with your sadness. When you learn how to deal with your sadness, you’ll find your own happiness. Accept your sadness. It’s not a bad thing to feel sad. Try to face what is making you feel sad. Don’t pretend it isn’t there. And don’t believe it will just go away by itself. Speak about your sadness. You don’t have to tell everybody everything, but it is nice to talk to friends or family about your feelings. You may not need him or her to say a word; just having someone listen to you is sometimes enough. Put your sadness into written words. Write down how you are feeling every day and why you think you are feeling this way when you are sad. Write down how you deal with your sadness and which ways work. Take part in activities. Read a good book, listen to music, exercise or take a walk outside. These can help you feel comfortable and forget your sadness. See a doctor. If your sadness starts to interfere with your everyday life seriously, you should ask your doctor for help. 8. How many ways to deal with sadness are mentioned in the passage? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. 9. According to the writer, what should we make sure when we speak out our sadness? A. Someone listens to us. B. We only talk to our family members. C. Our friends speak a lot. D. We tell everybody everything. 10. What should we do if our everyday life is seriously influenced? A. Take exercise. B. Listen to music. C. See a doctor. D. Accept our sadness. 11. Which does the writer agree with? A. We should face our sadness bravely. B. We can just talk to family about our feelings. C. We must write down our feelings every day. D. Reading a book can’t help us feel comfortable. (D) So far, China has successfully sent a large number of satellites (卫星) and spaceships into space. Space scientists have been greatly inspired (赋予灵感) by the old stories and ancient famous people when giving them names. Since thousands of years ago, Chinese people have dreamed of going to the moon. Chang’e Flies to the Moon is one of the most popular stories. As you can see, China’s first man—made satellite to circle around the moon was named Chang’e-1. More interestingly, the moon rover (巡视器) was named after the Jade Rabbit, who is the partner of Chang’e in the story. These old stories carry people’s best wishes and dreams. With the development of science and technology, our scientists have made them come true. Kuafu Runs After the Sun is another story to show how much ancient Chinese people wanted to know about the unknown world. Now, Kuafu is going with the scientists to “visit” the sun, because we have a space project called Kuafu Mission. Besides the ancient stories, space scientists also get ideas from ancient famous people. For example, Mozi, an ancient scientist, discovered that light travels in a straight line over 2,000 years ago. His discovery made space study take a big step at that time. So, China’s first quantum (量子) science satellite was named Mozi, making China the first country in the world to achieve quantum communication between satellites and the ground. From such simple things as giving names to the satellites, we can see how great our traditional culture is and what influence it has on our modern science and technology. 12. In China, space scientists get ideas from ________ when naming satellites. ① old stories ② traditional projects ③ ancient famous people ④ popular inventions A. ①② B. ①③ C. ②④ D. ③④ 13. What do we know about Chang’e-1 according to the passage? A. It moves around the moon. B. It protects the Jade Rabbit. C. It “visits” the sun with the scientists. D. It is the world’s first man—made satellite. 14. How does the writer support his idea in Para. 4? A. By listing numbers. B. By comparing facts. C. By giving an example. D. By citing reports. 15. What’s the writer’s main purpose of writing this passage? A. To spread the traditional Chinese culture. B. To explain how our scientists develop the space industry. C. To introduce the achievements in our space and technology. D. To tell how traditional Chinese culture influences our space science. 第二节 (共5小题; 每小题1分, 满分5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Work and life are full of all kinds of stress in modern society. ____16____ However, if you do something simple like washing dirty clothes, it can make you feel relaxed. It seems impossible. In fact, some experts are really encouraging people to do so. ____17____ When you focus on small tasks, your stress dies down little by little. Doing housework not only can relax ourselves, but also can help us keep healthy. “While washing the windows,” says Carol Clark, a successful New York psychologist (心理学家), “imagine you’re washing away all the little things in life that are troubling you. ____18____ As for students, they can do some housework for the family to share the burden. And it can also make them more independent.” But some people have a different attitude to it. “Housework is the main reason for stress in my life. Neither of my parents can help me. I spend too much time on it and I really need time to have a rest,” says Linda, a computer programmer and a mother of three children. “____19____” Gary is a doctor and a single father of a six-month-old baby, and he is very busy every day. ____20____ “I pay a psychologist $200 an hour to help me relax, and the psychologist tells me to do some housework! I don’t know who is crazier—the psychologist or me.” A. He doesn’t have time to do housework. B. Too much stress will make a person ill. C. Try to find a good way to deal with pressure. D. They say such simple chores let your mind rest. E. Then you will feel really relaxed after you finish. F. If I can get out of housework, I will finally be able to relax. 第三部分 语言知识应用 (共两节, 满分25分) 第一节 完形填空 (共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My mother was wise. She had a special way to teach me to face the new life ____21____. On my first day of kindergarten, I was excited, but ____22____. At noon, I sat quietly and opened my lunch box. Inside, I found a note from my mother written on a napkin. The note said that she loved me. Although I didn’t ____23____ with others the whole day, I spent my first day of kindergarten successfully with the help of the napkin note. There have been many napkin notes since the first one. There were even napkin notes ____24____ to me in college, far away from my home. Although I changed the way I looked at the world, there was one thing that never ____25____: my mother’s love and support in napkin notes. My mother was 50 years old that year, and she decided to go back to school to get her degree in teaching. Many people thought she was ____26____, because she didn’t need a degree to make her an excellent teacher. But I thought it was ____27____ for her to follow her dreams. So I supported her and gave her a gift for school: a lunch bag filled with her favorite drinks and ____28____. She ____29____ the lunch bag. Then she pulled out a napkin with writing on it. As she saw the “You can do it!” napkin note from me, she just sat there in ____30____ with tears running down her face. I knew she understood my unspoken message: My mother is, and always has been, a teacher for me. 21. A. luckily B. clearly C. differently D. bravely 22. A. tired B. shocked C. nervous D. bored 23. A. compare B. communicate C. continue D. complete 24. A. sent B. returned C. read D. introduced 25. A. continued B. escaped C. refused D. changed 26. A. typical B. crazy C. magic D. weak 27. A. strange B. stupid C. fair D. afraid 28. A. snacks B. chance C. wood D. speech 29. A. washed B. filled C. packed D. opened 30. A. truth B. sudden C. silence D. pressure 第二节 语法填空 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A big typhoon (台风) hit my town one year ago. At that time, I was in the ____31____ (seven) grade. I don’t remember the day exactly, ____32____ I won’t forget the big mess it left behind. I fell ____33____ (sleep) when the typhoon arrived that night. The wind was blowing loudly and the rain was beating heavily ____34____ the windows, and I was woken up. My parents and I quickly closed the windows ____35____ (stop) the rain from coming in. “Stay away from the windows. They are dangerous,” my father warned. “If the glass breaks, we will probably get hurt.” We also turned off electronic things. The typhoon blew for many hours before going away. After it stopped, I planned to go outside. Before I went out, I checked if it was safe. Then I went out and saw very ____36____ (surprise) sights. Heavy smoke came out from broken buildings and ____37____ (fall) trees were everywhere. Some ____38____ (object) on buildings caused fires. Workers worked to clean up the mess. The huge mess made me very shocked. Later, the news said that many people were hurt and some even lost their lives. Luckily, my family was safe. The memory of typhoon ____39____ (remind) me how small humans are when we face the force of nature. Most importantly, I learn that if we can prepare for disasters ____40____ (proper), we may save more lives. 第四部分 书面表达 (共两节, 满分30分) 第一节 阅读表达 (共5小题; 每小题2分, 满分10分) 阅读下面短文, 完成短文后的问题。 When you move to a new school, you may feel lonely because you do not know anyone. Even if you are very shy, the following ways will help you quickly make new friends in a new school. The first way is taking pictures: Taking pictures at a school activity or a party can give you a chance to have communication with others later. Everybody loves seeing pictures of himself, and it’s very easy after taking a picture to say, “Do you have an online account?” or “If you like, I can e-mail it to you.” This can be a chance that you can talk with the person again. Secondly, when you don’t know anyone in a new school and have to eat by yourself in the lunchroom, bring a book or a magazine to read. It will make you not feel so nervous. Besides, having an interesting book with you will give others a chance to start a conversation with you if they also like to read it. Finally, you can join some school clubs such as dancing, volleyball, chess clubs, etc. These are all great places to meet new people, since you will see the same people over and over again in the class. Over time, these shared interests can turn clubmates into close friends who support each other beyond the club activities. 41. What’s the purpose of the passage? ____________________________________________________________ 42. What does the underlined word “this” refer to? ____________________________________________________________ 43. Why does the writer suggest reading in the lunchroom? (no more than 15 words each sentence. ) ①____________________________________________________________ ②____________________________________________________________ 44. Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese. ____________________________________________________________ 45. How many useful ways are mentioned in the passage? ____________________________________________________________ 第二节 写作 (满分20分) 46. 假定你是李华，你的美国笔友Tom在昨天的电子邮件中告诉你，他对中国的传统故事很感兴趣，请你用英语给他写封回信。内容包括： 1. 介绍一个中国传统故事; 2. 故事给人们带来的启示。 要求: 1. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 2. 不少于80字，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Tom, I am happy to know that you are interested in traditional Chinese stories. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I’m looking forward to hearing from you. Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 八年级英语试题 注意事项: 1. 本试卷共10页, 满分100分; 考试时间100分钟。考试结束后, 请将答题卡交回。 2. 答题前, 务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号填写在试卷和答题卡规定的位置上。 3. 选择题选出答案后, 用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑; 如需, 改动用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其它答案标号。 4. 非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答, 答案必须写在答题卡指定区域内相应位置; 如需改动, 先划掉原来的答案, 然后再写上新的答案; 不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。 5. 在答题卡指定区域外的答案无效。 第一部分 书写与卷面 (10分) 第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节, 满分35分) 第一节 (共15小题; 每小题2分, 满分30分) 阅读下列短文, 从短文后每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。 (A) Some students are talking about doing chores in their homes. My father is strict with us. He thinks everyone in the family should help out with the chores. My sister and I are our parents’ great helpers. My sister helps to do the dishes and sweep the floor. My job is to take out the rubbish and clean the living room. Jenny In my family, my brother and I don’t do lots of chores. I only make my bed and my brother folds his clothes. In fact, my mom does most of the chores although she is busy. Many people say my brother and I are spoiled. But my mom thinks children should spend a lot of time studying instead of doing chores. Allen I have a sister and she is eight years older than me. She is independent and she used to do the chores in my family. But she went to another country to go to college last year. So I took over the job and started to do the chores. Grace 1. What does Jenny’s sister do at home? A. Take out the rubbish. B. Make the bed. C. Sweep the floor. D. Clean the kitchen. 2. Who does most of the chores in Allen’s home? A. Allen. B. Allen’s mother. C. Allen’s father. D. Allen’s brother. 3. Why did Grace start to do the chores? A. Because her sister studied in another country. B. Because she was an independent girl at home. C. Because she thought doing chores was interesting D. Because her parents asked her to do the chores strictly. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，Jenny、Allen和Grace分别谈论自己家里做家务的情况。 【1题详解】 根据Jenny段落中“My sister helps to do the dishes and sweep the floor.”可知，她姐姐洗碗和扫地。 【2题详解】 根据Allen段落中“In fact, my mom does most of the chores although she is busy.” 可知，Allen的妈妈承担大部分家务。 【3题详解】 根据Grace段落中“But she went to another country to go to college last year. So I took over the job and started to do the chores.”可知，姐姐去国外上大学了，因此Grace开始做家务。 (B) The Smiths woke up earlier than usual. There was something about hiking that made them feel wide awake and excited to start the day as their eyes were open. The family had a simple breakfast. They discussed the plan for the day at table. “Dad and I looked at a map last night,” said Mrs. Smith. “We found a nearby trail (小径). There are many interesting things along the way, and best of all, there will be a surprise at the end of the trail.” “What kind of surprise?” asked Jenny. “It won’t be a surprise if we tell you,” laughed her mom. “The sooner you get ready to go, the sooner you’ll find out.” They set out for hiking soon. It was a good day for seeing wildlife. Along the trail, the trees were filled with kinds of birds flying around. Hearing a noise in the grass, they stopped and saw two rabbits crossing the trail. After a while, Mike noticed several monkeys in the trees and Mr. Smith took photos before they ran away. Then, they continued their hiking. Jenny and Mike were discussing what kind of snake they had just seen on the way. At this moment, they came to an open area with some small pools. The kids’ eyes grew wide. They looked at their parents. “Is this the surprise?” asked Mike in excitement. Mr. and Mrs. Smith smiled as they walked over to one of the small pools. Steam rose into the air. “They’re hot springs, and the heat is produced from inside the earth,” explained Mr. Smith. “Could we have a bath in the spring if we have our bathing suits?” asked Jenny. Mrs. Smith nodded. “Your bathing suits are in the bag.” She laughed, putting her feet into the spring water. “I can’t believe it! Mom and Dad. This is a great surprise!” Jenny jumped. 4. Why did the Smiths wake up earlier? A. They looked at a map last night. B. There was a simple breakfast. C. There was something about hiking. D. They found a nearby trail. 5. Which is the right order of the animals they saw on the way? A. snakes→birds→rabbits→monkeys B. monkeys→snakes→birds→rabbits C. rabbits→snakes→monkeys→birds D. birds→rabbits→monkeys→snakes 6. What does the underlined word “surprise” refer to? A. An open area. B. The hot spring. C. A nearby trail. D. The heat from inside the earth. 7. What’s the best title for the passage? A. A Natural Bath B. A Lucky Family C. A Humorous Mom D. A Beautiful Pool 【答案】4. C 5. D 6. B 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了史密斯一家人徒步远足，沿途见到多种野生动物，最后发现温泉收获惊喜的故事。 【4题详解】 根据第一段“There was something about hiking that made them feel wide awake and excited to start the day as their eyes were open.”可知，是远足这件事让他们早起。 【5题详解】 根据第四段“Along the trail, the trees were filled with kinds of birds flying around. Hearing a noise in the grass, they stopped and saw two rabbits crossing the trail. After a while, Mike noticed several monkeys in the trees and Mr. Smith took photos before they ran away.”和第五段“Jenny and Mike were discussing what kind of snake they had just seen on the way.”可知，他们看到的动物先后顺序：先是birds，随后rabbits，然后monkeys，之后snakes。所以顺序为：birds→rabbits→monkeys→snakes。 【6题详解】 根据第七段“They’re hot springs”可知，孩子们到达终点看到小水池，爸爸解释说是温泉，随后妈妈确认可以洗澡，孩子们惊呼这是个大惊喜。因此，划线单词“surprise”指代的是“hot springs”。 【7题详解】 全文讲述了史密斯一家远足的过程，沿途观察野生动物，最终的惊喜和核心活动是在天然温泉洗澡；选项A“A Natural Bath”最能概括文章的核心惊喜和主题，适合作为文章的标题。 (C) When you are sad, you need to find ways to deal with your sadness. When you learn how to deal with your sadness, you’ll find your own happiness. Accept your sadness. It’s not a bad thing to feel sad. Try to face what is making you feel sad. Don’t pretend it isn’t there. And don’t believe it will just go away by itself. Speak about your sadness. You don’t have to tell everybody everything, but it is nice to talk to friends or family about your feelings. You may not need him or her to say a word; just having someone listen to you is sometimes enough. Put your sadness into written words. Write down how you are feeling every day and why you think you are feeling this way when you are sad. Write down how you deal with your sadness and which ways work. Take part in activities. Read a good book, listen to music, exercise or take a walk outside. These can help you feel comfortable and forget your sadness. See a doctor. If your sadness starts to interfere with your everyday life seriously, you should ask your doctor for help. 8. How many ways to deal with sadness are mentioned in the passage? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. 9. According to the writer, what should we make sure when we speak out our sadness? A. Someone listens to us. B. We only talk to our family members. C. Our friends speak a lot. D. We tell everybody everything. 10. What should we do if our everyday life is seriously influenced? A. Take exercise. B. Listen to music. C. See a doctor. D. Accept our sadness. 11. Which does the writer agree with? A. We should face our sadness bravely. B. We can just talk to family about our feelings. C. We must write down our feelings every day. D. Reading a book can’t help us feel comfortable. 【答案】8. D 9. A 10. C 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，围绕如何应对悲伤展开，开篇点明学会处理悲伤才能找到属于自己的快乐，随后依次介绍五种调节悲伤情绪的方法：接纳悲伤、倾诉心事、书写情绪、参与活动、寻求医生帮助，为情绪低落的人提供实用心理调节方式。 【8题详解】 通读全文，文章分别提出了五种应对悲伤的建议：1.Accept your sadness（接受悲伤）；2.Speak about your sadness（倾诉悲伤）；3.Put your sadness into written words（书写悲伤）；4.Take part in activities（参与活动）；5.See a doctor（看医生）。共计5种。 【9题详解】 根据文章“Speak about your sadness”段落中的句子“You may not need him or her to say a word; just having someone listen to you is sometimes enough.（你可能不需要他们说一句话；有时候只要有人倾听你就足够了。）”可知，关键是有人倾听。 【10题详解】 根据文章最后一段“See a doctor”中的描述“If your sadness starts to interfere with your everyday life seriously, you should ask your doctor for help.（如果你的悲伤开始严重干扰你的日常生活，你应该向医生寻求帮助。）”可知，此时应该看医生。 【11题详解】 根据文章第二段中“Accept your sadness... Try to face what is making you feel sad. Don't pretend it isn't there.（接受你的悲伤……试着面对让你感到悲伤的事情。不要假装它不存在。）”可知，作者主张勇敢面对悲伤。 (D) So far, China has successfully sent a large number of satellites (卫星) and spaceships into space. Space scientists have been greatly inspired (赋予灵感) by the old stories and ancient famous people when giving them names. Since thousands of years ago, Chinese people have dreamed of going to the moon. Chang’e Flies to the Moon is one of the most popular stories. As you can see, China’s first man—made satellite to circle around the moon was named Chang’e-1. More interestingly, the moon rover (巡视器) was named after the Jade Rabbit, who is the partner of Chang’e in the story. These old stories carry people’s best wishes and dreams. With the development of science and technology, our scientists have made them come true. Kuafu Runs After the Sun is another story to show how much ancient Chinese people wanted to know about the unknown world. Now, Kuafu is going with the scientists to “visit” the sun, because we have a space project called Kuafu Mission. Besides the ancient stories, space scientists also get ideas from ancient famous people. For example, Mozi, an ancient scientist, discovered that light travels in a straight line over 2,000 years ago. His discovery made space study take a big step at that time. So, China’s first quantum (量子) science satellite was named Mozi, making China the first country in the world to achieve quantum communication between satellites and the ground. From such simple things as giving names to the satellites, we can see how great our traditional culture is and what influence it has on our modern science and technology. 12. In China, space scientists get ideas from ________ when naming satellites. ① old stories ② traditional projects ③ ancient famous people ④ popular inventions A. ①② B. ①③ C. ②④ D. ③④ 13. What do we know about Chang’e-1 according to the passage? A. It moves around the moon. B. It protects the Jade Rabbit. C. It “visits” the sun with the scientists. D. It is the world’s first man—made satellite. 14. How does the writer support his idea in Para. 4? A. By listing numbers. B. By comparing facts. C. By giving an example. D. By citing reports. 15. What’s the writer’s main purpose of writing this passage? A. To spread the traditional Chinese culture. B. To explain how our scientists develop the space industry. C. To introduce the achievements in our space and technology. D. To tell how traditional Chinese culture influences our space science. 【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了中国航天工程以古代故事和古代名人命名卫星的传统文化影响。 【12题详解】 第一段指出“Space scientists have been greatly inspired by the old stories and ancient famous people when giving them names.”，说明命名灵感来源于“old stories”和“ancient famous people”，对应①③。 【13题详解】 第二段提到“China’s first man—made satellite to circle around the moon was named Chang’e-1.”，说明嫦娥一号是绕月卫星。 【14题详解】 第四段以墨子为例，说明古代名人对航天命名的启发（“For example, Mozi, an ancient scientist...”），因此支持论点的方式是“举例”。 【15题详解】 最后一段总结“From such simple things as giving names to the satellites, we can see how great our traditional culture is and what influence it has on our modern science and technology.”，说明作者目的是展示传统文化对航天科学的影响。 第二节 (共5小题; 每小题1分, 满分5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Work and life are full of all kinds of stress in modern society. ____16____ However, if you do something simple like washing dirty clothes, it can make you feel relaxed. It seems impossible. In fact, some experts are really encouraging people to do so. ____17____ When you focus on small tasks, your stress dies down little by little. Doing housework not only can relax ourselves, but also can help us keep healthy. “While washing the windows,” says Carol Clark, a successful New York psychologist (心理学家), “imagine you’re washing away all the little things in life that are troubling you. ____18____ As for students, they can do some housework for the family to share the burden. And it can also make them more independent.” But some people have a different attitude to it. “Housework is the main reason for stress in my life. Neither of my parents can help me. I spend too much time on it and I really need time to have a rest,” says Linda, a computer programmer and a mother of three children. “____19____” Gary is a doctor and a single father of a six-month-old baby, and he is very busy every day. ____20____ “I pay a psychologist $200 an hour to help me relax, and the psychologist tells me to do some housework! I don’t know who is crazier—the psychologist or me.” A. He doesn’t have time to do housework. B. Too much stress will make a person ill. C. Try to find a good way to deal with pressure. D. They say such simple chores let your mind rest. E. Then you will feel really relaxed after you finish. F. If I can get out of housework, I will finally be able to relax. 【答案】16. C 17. D 18. E 19. F 20. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了在现代社会的压力下，做家务是否是一种缓解压力的好方法，并展示了专家支持以及部分人群反对的不同观点。 【16题详解】 根据文章第1段“Work and life are full of all kinds of stress in modern society. ”以及后文"However, if you do something simple like washing dirty clothes, it can make you feel relaxed.”可知，前文提出压力存在的问题，此处应填入面对压力需要寻找解决方法的建议，从而引出下文简单的解决方法。选项C“Try to find a good way to deal with pressure.”符合语境。 【17题详解】 根据文章第2段“In fact, some experts are really encouraging people to do so.”可知，设空处应进一步解释专家的观点。选项D“They say such simple chores let your mind rest.”中“They”指代前文的experts，且内容符合专家鼓励做家务的理由。 【18题详解】 根据文章第3段“imagine you’re washing away all the little things in life that are troubling you.”可知，这是心理学家建议的心理暗示过程，设空处应说明这样做之后的结果。选项E“Then you will feel really relaxed after you finish.”承接上文的想象过程，符合逻辑。 【19题详解】 根据文章第4段“Housework is the main reason for stress in my life.”以及“I really need time to have a rest”可知，Linda认为做家务让她压力大，她希望摆脱家务来获得休息。选项F“If I can get out of housework, I will finally be able to relax.”符合她的观点。 【20题详解】 根据文章第5段“Gary is a doctor and a single father of a six-month-old baby, he is very busy every day.”可知，他很忙，暗示没有时间做家务。选项A“He doesn’t have time to do housework.”符合语境，且引出下文他对心理学家建议做家务的质疑。 第三部分 语言知识应用 (共两节, 满分25分) 第一节 完形填空 (共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My mother was wise. She had a special way to teach me to face the new life ____21____. On my first day of kindergarten, I was excited, but ____22____. At noon, I sat quietly and opened my lunch box. Inside, I found a note from my mother written on a napkin. The note said that she loved me. Although I didn’t ____23____ with others the whole day, I spent my first day of kindergarten successfully with the help of the napkin note. There have been many napkin notes since the first one. There were even napkin notes ____24____ to me in college, far away from my home. Although I changed the way I looked at the world, there was one thing that never ____25____: my mother’s love and support in napkin notes. My mother was 50 years old that year, and she decided to go back to school to get her degree in teaching. Many people thought she was ____26____, because she didn’t need a degree to make her an excellent teacher. But I thought it was ____27____ for her to follow her dreams. So I supported her and gave her a gift for school: a lunch bag filled with her favorite drinks and ____28____. She ____29____ the lunch bag. Then she pulled out a napkin with writing on it. As she saw the “You can do it!” napkin note from me, she just sat there in ____30____ with tears running down her face. I knew she understood my unspoken message: My mother is, and always has been, a teacher for me. 21. A. luckily B. clearly C. differently D. bravely 22. A. tired B. shocked C. nervous D. bored 23. A. compare B. communicate C. continue D. complete 24. A. sent B. returned C. read D. introduced 25. A. continued B. escaped C. refused D. changed 26. A. typical B. crazy C. magic D. weak 27. A. strange B. stupid C. fair D. afraid 28. A. snacks B. chance C. wood D. speech 29. A. washed B. filled C. packed D. opened 30. A. truth B. sudden C. silence D. pressure 【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述母亲在作者成长过程中用写有鼓励话语的餐巾纸便条帮助作者克服不安，作者成年后在母亲重返校园时用同样方式回馈母亲的温情故事，展现亲情与相互支持的力量。 【21题详解】 句意：我母亲很明智，她有一种特殊的方式教我勇敢面对新生活。 根据后文母亲用napkin note帮助“我”度过第一天幼儿园，说明她教会“我”的是如何“勇敢地”面对陌生环境，bravely“勇敢的”符合语境。luckily（幸运地）与勇气无关，clearly（清楚地）语义不符，differently（不同地）不切题。 【22题详解】 句意：上幼儿园的第一天，我很兴奋，但又很紧张。 根据前文“first day of kindergarten”及后文“sat quietly”可推断，初入新环境的孩子心情往往是兴奋与紧张并存，nervous“紧张的”符合语境。tired（累）无依据，shocked（震惊）程度过强，bored（无聊）与“excited”矛盾。 【23题详解】 句意：虽然我一整天都没有和别人交流，但在餐巾纸便条的帮助下，我成功地度过了幼儿园的第一天。 根据前文“sat quietly”以及孩子初入学时的害羞可知，此处表示“没有与他人交流”，communicate“联系、交流”符合语境。compare（比较）不相关，continue（继续）搭配不当，complete（完成）与语境不符。 【24题详解】 句意：甚至在大学期间，还有餐巾纸便条被寄给我。 根据前文作者远离家乡上大学，以及“from my home”可知，便条是由母亲“寄出”的，故用过去分词sent表被动；returned（归还）语义相反，read（阅读）不符合“收到”逻辑，introduced（介绍）不搭配。 【25题详解】 句意：虽然我看待世界的方式变了，但有一件事从未改变：母亲在餐巾纸便条中的爱与支持。 根据前文“changed the way I looked at the world”可知，此处应表达“从未改变”之意，changed“改变”符合语境。continued（继续）与never连用不合逻辑（“从未继续”），escaped（逃脱）不搭，refused（拒绝）语义不通。 【26题详解】 句意：很多人认为她疯了，因为她不需要学位就能成为一位优秀的老师。 根据下文“didn’t need a degree to make her an excellent teacher”可知，旁人认为50岁重返校园是“疯狂的”行为，选用crazy。typical（典型的）不符，magic（神奇的）无依据，weak（虚弱的）不符合“求学”动机。 【27题详解】 句意：但我认为她追随梦想是合理的。 根据后文“So I supported her”可知，作者认为母亲追求梦想是“合情合理的”，fair在此意为“公平合理的”。strange（奇怪的）与支持态度矛盾，stupid（愚蠢的）负面，afraid（害怕的）不搭配。 【28题详解】 句意：所以我支持她，并送给她一个午餐袋，里面装着她最喜欢的饮料和零食。 根据午餐袋的使用场景及“her favorite drinks”可知，袋中还应搭配“零食”，选用snacks。chance（机会）不相关，wood（木头）荒谬，speech（演讲）与食物无关。 【29题详解】 句意：她打开午餐袋，然后拿出一张写有字的餐巾纸。 根据动作顺序可知，要拿出餐巾纸必须先“打开”袋子，选用opened。washed（洗）不符，filled（装满）是之前已完成的动作，packed（打包）也不合动作顺序。 【30题详解】 句意：她看到我写的“你能行！”餐巾纸便条时，只是静静地坐在那里，泪流满面。 根据“tears running down her face”可知，母亲感动得说不出话，in silence表示“沉默地”。truth（真相）搭配错误，sudden（突然）不表状态，pressure（压力）不符合情绪。 第二节 语法填空 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A big typhoon (台风) hit my town one year ago. At that time, I was in the ____31____ (seven) grade. I don’t remember the day exactly, ____32____ I won’t forget the big mess it left behind. I fell ____33____ (sleep) when the typhoon arrived that night. The wind was blowing loudly and the rain was beating heavily ____34____ the windows, and I was woken up. My parents and I quickly closed the windows ____35____ (stop) the rain from coming in. “Stay away from the windows. They are dangerous,” my father warned. “If the glass breaks, we will probably get hurt.” We also turned off electronic things. The typhoon blew for many hours before going away. After it stopped, I planned to go outside. Before I went out, I checked if it was safe. Then I went out and saw very ____36____ (surprise) sights. Heavy smoke came out from broken buildings and ____37____ (fall) trees were everywhere. Some ____38____ (object) on buildings caused fires. Workers worked to clean up the mess. The huge mess made me very shocked. Later, the news said that many people were hurt and some even lost their lives. Luckily, my family was safe. The memory of typhoon ____39____ (remind) me how small humans are when we face the force of nature. Most importantly, I learn that if we can prepare for disasters ____40____ (proper), we may save more lives. 【答案】31. seventh 32. but 33. asleep 34. against 35. to stop 36. surprising 37. fallen 38. objects 39. reminds 40. properly 【解析】 【导语】本文回忆作者一年前家乡遭遇台风的亲身经历，描写台风来袭时的惊险场景与灾后满目疮痍的景象，感悟人类在自然力量面前的渺小，懂得提前防灾的重要意义。 【31题详解】 句意：那时，我上七年级。表示“几年级”用序数词，seven的序数词形式为seventh。 【32题详解】 句意：我记不清具体是哪一天，但我永远不会忘记它留下的一片狼藉。前后分句存在转折关系，用连词but连接。 【33题详解】 句意：那晚台风来袭时，我已经睡着了。固定搭配fall asleep，表示“入睡、睡着”。 【34题详解】 句意：狂风呼啸，大雨猛烈地敲打着窗户。固定搭配beat against，意为“敲打、撞击”。 【35题详解】 句意：我和父母迅速关上窗户，阻止雨水渗进来。此处用不定式作目的状语，stop的不定式形式为to stop。 【36题详解】 句意：然后我出门，看到了十分令人震惊的景象。修饰事物sights，用-ing结尾的形容词，surprise对应的形容词surprising。 【37题详解】 句意：破损的建筑冒出浓烟，随处都是倒下的树木。修饰名词trees，需用形容词，fall的形容词形式fallen，表示“倒下的”。 【38题详解】 句意：建筑物上的一些物品引发了火灾。some后接可数名词复数，object变为复数objects。 【39题详解】 句意：这次台风的记忆提醒我，人类在大自然的力量面前是多么渺小。主语memory为单数，本句表述当前感悟，使用一般现在时，谓语动词用第三人称单数reminds。 【40题详解】 句意：最重要的是，我明白了如果我们能妥善做好防灾准备，或许能挽救更多生命。修饰动词prepare，需要副词，proper对应的副词为properly。 第四部分 书面表达 (共两节, 满分30分) 第一节 阅读表达 (共5小题; 每小题2分, 满分10分) 阅读下面短文, 完成短文后的问题。 When you move to a new school, you may feel lonely because you do not know anyone. Even if you are very shy, the following ways will help you quickly make new friends in a new school. The first way is taking pictures: Taking pictures at a school activity or a party can give you a chance to have communication with others later. Everybody loves seeing pictures of himself, and it’s very easy after taking a picture to say, “Do you have an online account?” or “If you like, I can e-mail it to you.” This can be a chance that you can talk with the person again. Secondly, when you don’t know anyone in a new school and have to eat by yourself in the lunchroom, bring a book or a magazine to read. It will make you not feel so nervous. Besides, having an interesting book with you will give others a chance to start a conversation with you if they also like to read it. Finally, you can join some school clubs such as dancing, volleyball, chess clubs, etc. These are all great places to meet new people, since you will see the same people over and over again in the class. Over time, these shared interests can turn clubmates into close friends who support each other beyond the club activities. 41. What’s the purpose of the passage? ____________________________________________________________ 42. What does the underlined word “this” refer to? ____________________________________________________________ 43. Why does the writer suggest reading in the lunchroom? (no more than 15 words each sentence. ) ①____________________________________________________________ ②____________________________________________________________ 44. Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese. ____________________________________________________________ 45. How many useful ways are mentioned in the passage? ____________________________________________________________ 【答案】41. To help students make new friends in a new school. 42. It refers to asking for one’s online account and offering to send the photo to him after taking a picture together. 43. ①. It will make you not feel so nervous. ②. It gives others a chance to start a conversation. 44. 这些都是结识新人的好地方，因为你在课上会反复见到相同的人。 45. Three. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了当你搬到新学校时，即使害羞，也可以通过三种方法快速结交新朋友。 【41题详解】 根据文章第一段中“Even if you are very shy, the following ways will help you quickly make new friends in a new school.（即使你很害羞，以下方法也会帮助你在新学校快速结交新朋友。）”可推知文章旨在提供交友建议。故填“To help students make new friends in a new school.”。 【42题详解】 文章第二段中“it’s very easy after taking a picture to say... This can be a chance that you can talk with the person again.（拍完照片后很容易说……这可以是一个你再次与该人交谈的机会。）”可推知“This”指代前文这件事：拍完照片后主动搭话，询问对方线上账号、提出把照片发送给对方的行为。故填“It refers to asking for one’s online account and offering to send the photo to him after taking a picture together.”。 【43题详解】 根据文章第三段中“It will make you not feel so nervous.（这会让你不那么紧张。）”和“having an interesting book with you will give others a chance to start a conversation with you（带一本有趣的书，你会给别人一个机会和你开始对话）”可推知建议阅读的原因。故填“It will make you not feel so nervous.”；“It gives others a chance to start a conversation.”。 【44题详解】 根据文章第四段划线句“These are all great places to meet new people, since you will see the same people over and over again in the class.”进行分析，“These”指代俱乐部，“since”表示原因。故填“这些都是结识新人的好地方，因为你在课上会反复见到相同的人。”。 【45题详解】 通读全文，文章分别介绍了“The first way is taking pictures（第一种方法是拍照）”，“Secondly... bring a book（第二……带本书）”，“Finally, you can join some school clubs（最后，你可以加入一些学校俱乐部）”。故填“Three.”。 第二节 写作 (满分20分) 46. 假定你是李华，你的美国笔友Tom在昨天的电子邮件中告诉你，他对中国的传统故事很感兴趣，请你用英语给他写封回信。内容包括： 1. 介绍一个中国传统故事; 2. 故事给人们带来的启示。 要求: 1. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 2. 不少于80字，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Tom, I am happy to know that you are interested in traditional Chinese stories. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I’m looking forward to hearing from you. Yours, Li Hua 【答案】One possible version: Dear Tom, I’m very happy to know that you are interested in traditional Chinese stories. Well, let me tell you a famous one with the name Sima Guang Hit the Tank. Once Sima Guang was playing hide-and-seek with some children in the backyard. There was a large tank full of water. When the children were playing, one child fell into the tank by accident. Other children were so frightened that they started to run, crying for help. However, Sima Guang was different. He thought it over and then had an idea. He picked up a big stone and threw it at the tank. Bang! The tank broke and the water ran out. The kid was saved. The story told us to stay calm in the face of difficulties. What do you think? I am looking forward to hearing from you. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【详解】写作步骤： [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：电子邮件，以一般过去时为主 明确要点：需要向Tom介绍一个著名的中国传统故事，对故事的起因、经过和结果进行详细描述，并阐述这个故事所传达的道理 确定人称：第一人称和第三人称 注意事项：语言表达要符合书信的格式和语气，故事内容要完整清晰，阐述道理要恰当。同时，考虑到交流对象是外国人，语言要尽量通俗易懂 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：表达得知对方对中国传统故事感兴趣的喜悦之情，并引出要讲述的故事名称 主体段：详细讲述故事的具体情节，包括故事发生的背景、经过和结果，最后点明故事所传达的道理 结尾段：表达期待对方回信的心情 [第三步：要点展示] 要点一：详细讲述故事的具体情节 child fell into the tank by accident/started to run, crying for help/picked up a big stone and threw it at the tank/tank broke and the water ran out/fell in love and got married/the Queen of Heaven was very angry and took the Weaver Girl back to heaven等 要点二：点明故事所传达的道理 stay calm in the face of difficulties/true love is powerful and can overcome many difficulties等 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $