Unit1 Friendship 单元练习卷2026-2027学年牛津译林版英语八年级上册

**基本信息** 本试卷为初中英语“Unit 1 Friendship”单元复习卷，通过词汇、语法、阅读、写作等多元题型，全面检测友谊主题语言知识与综合运用能力，适配单元核心素养培养需求。 **题型特征** |题型|题量|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|----|----|----| |重点词汇检测|46题|单元核心词汇（如friendship, honest）及词形变化（反义、三单、过去式）|基础巩固，强化词汇精准记忆| |单项选择|12题|形容词（bored/boring）、连词（Although）、固定句型（the+比较级）|语境化设题，考查语法应用能力| |完形填空|15题|记叙文阅读、动词（notice）、副词（tidily）|生活情境故事，培养逻辑推理能力| |阅读理解|8题|古诗英译（王维《送元二使安西》）、友谊维护建议|融合文化传承与实用策略，提升文化意识| |书面表达|1题|朋友介绍（外貌比较级、品质形容词、反身代词）|综合语言输出，考查描述与感悟能力|

Unit 1 Friendship 单元练习卷 一、重点词汇检测 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1．友谊n. ________ 2．诚实的，正直的adj. ________ 3．快乐的；乐观的adj. ________(反)________ 4．幽默的adj. ________ 5．事实n. ________ 6．笑话，玩笑n. ________ 7．笑，发笑vi. & vt. ________(三单)________ 8．不开心的adj. ________ 9．撒谎 vi. ________过去式________ 10．人，个人 n. ________ 11．想法，主意n. ________ 12．座位n. ________ 13．仔细地；小心地adv. ________ 14．理解vi. & vt. ________过去式________ 15．数量n. ________ 16．好笑的adj. ________ 17．理解力；感觉n. ________ 18．幽默 n. ________(AmE)________ 19．厌倦的，烦闷的adj. ________ 20．精力充沛的adj. ________ 21．积极的；活跃的adj. ________ 22．鼓励vt. ________ 23．相信vt. ________ 24．面临；面对vt. ________ 25．秘密n. ________ 26．更差的adj. ________ 27．最差的adj. ________ 28．身高，高度n. ________ 29．秒abbr. ________(=________) 30．测验，考查；试验n. ________ 31．羽毛球运动n. ________ 32．然而adv. ________ 33．气球n. ________ 34．害怕，恐惧adj. ________ 35．搏斗，打斗；为……斗争vt. & vi. ________过去式________ 36．死的adj. ________ 37．攻击，袭击vt. & vi. ________过去式________ 38．危险n. ________ 39．勇敢的adj. ________ 40．听者；听众n. ________ 41．点头vi. & vt. ________过去式 ________ 42．情感；感觉n. ________ 43．一……就，一旦conj. ________ 44．有耐心的adj. ________ 45．体贴的；深思的adj. ________ 46．秘密的adj. ________ 二、单项选择 47．Do you find yourself getting impatient or with people over unimportant things？ A．bored B．boring C．tiring D．angrily 48．—Mr Wang, may I hand in my homework ________ late? —Well, all right, since you’ve been ill these days. A．a little bit B．a bit little C．bit D．little 49．He is ________ honest boy that everyone trusts him. A．so B．such C．such an D．so an 50．— The kind of grass seems ________, but in fact it can help with a lot of health problems. — How amazing the traditional Chinese medicine is! A．meaningless B．useless C．hopeless D．tasteless 51．—All of us are sure ________ others makes the world wonderful. —I agree with you. If everyone gives a helping hand, the world will be a better place. A．talking about B．caring about C．dreaming about D．worrying about 52．________ he was tired, he kept working on his project. A．Because B．Since C．Although D．If 53．From the WeChat picture, we can know that Kitty is a (an) ________ girl. A．hard-working B．thoughtful C．energetic D．humorous 54．I’m not sure ________ he will come to my birthday party. A．that B．whether C．what D．which 55．The more we share with each other, ________ we understand each other. A．the better B．the best C．better D．best 56．My mother always ________ about my study, but I think I can manage it well. A．worries B．talks C．thinks D．cares 57．The teacher often ________ us to read more English books in our free time. A．makes B．encourages C．lets D．hopes 58．Millie is better than _______ in her class. A．any other girls B．any other girl C．any girls D．any of the other girl 三、完形填空 I was living in a house with a long history in Halifax five years ago. One day, one of my friends from the West Coast came to visit me. He was 59 for 3 weeks, so he brought a lot of bags and suitcases, and other things like a 60 . I told him he could sleep on the bed in the front living room. One morning after a late night of drinking, my friend ran into my room, shouting, “FIRE! FIRE!” Without 61 , I jumped out of bed. I felt the floor was 62 as I ran out into the hallway, right behind my friend. I couldn’t see the fire anywhere, 63 as we ran towards the front door, I could hear the fire making a loud 64 all around me. The fire was inside the 65 . We ran out into the front yard and looked 66 at the house, seeing black smoke coming out of the 67 house. We were standing there watching the house when I looked down and 68 all of my friend’s bags and suitcases 69 lined up on the front grassland, including his basketball. 70 he noticed the house was on fire, he took all of them out to the grassland before he 71 back in to warn me about it. That fire had started in the basement (地下室), and it spread up into the walls and was burning the 72 we were standing on. The floor and much of the house fell down not long after we came out. The firemen said we were very 73 . Of course, we are not friends any more. 59．A．working B．staying C．waiting D．resting 60．A．baseball B．volleyball C．football D．basketball 61．A．thinking B．eating C．looking D．drinking 62．A．wet B．smooth C．hot D．dirty 63．A．so B．and C．or D．but 64．A．noise B．voice C．sense D．scream 65．A．rooms B．walls C．kitchen D．yard 66．A．up B．down C．back D．ahead 67．A．old B．big C．modern D．clean 68．A．remembered B．made C．gathered D．noticed 69．A．tidily B．heavily C．differently D．naturally 70．A．Unless B．If C．When D．Before 71．A．came B．gave C．brought D．looked 72．A．sofa B．bed C．table D．floor 73．A．brave B．lucky C．nervous D．afraid 四、阅读理解 A A Farewell SongWang Wei No dust is raised on the road wet with morning rain. The willows by the hotel look so fresh and green. I invite you to drink a cup of wine again. West of the sunny pass no more friends will be seen. (Translated by Xu Yuanchong) 74．Who is the writer of the poem? A．Li Bai. B．Lu You. C．Wang Wei. D．Wang Changling. 75．When did the writer’s friend leave in the poem? A．In spring. B．In summer. C．In autumn. D．In winter. 76．Which of following rhymes (押韵) are right for this poem? A．aa-bb. B．ab-ab. C．ab-ad. D．ab-cd. B Having friends is important, but keeping them is even more important. Here are some tips on how to maintain lasting friendships. Show appreciation (感激). Don’t take your friends for granted. Let them know that you value their friendship. A simple “thank you” or a small gift on a special day can make a big difference. Be a good listener. When your friend is talking, give him your full attention. Don’t interrupt (打断) or check your phone. Show that you care about what he is saying by nodding or asking questions. Keep in touch. Life gets busy, but don’t let your friendships fade away. Call, text or meet up regularly. Even a short message can show that you are thinking of them. Be forgiving (宽容的). Everyone makes mistakes. If your friend does something wrong, try to forgive him. Holding a grudge only hurts the friendship. Respect boundaries (界限). Everyone needs personal space and time. Don’t push your friend to share everything or do things he doesn’t want to do. Respect his choices and privacy. Grow together. As you and your friends get older, you may change. Support each other’s growth and celebrate each other’s achievements. This will make your bond even stronger. Remember, friendships are like plants—they need care and attention to grow. With these tips, you can enjoy strong and lasting friendships for years to come. 77．According to the passage, what should you do when your friend is talking? A．Check your phone for messages. B．Interrupt and share your own opinions. C．Give him full attention and listen carefully. D．Change the topic to something more interesting. 78．The underlined phrase “holding a grudge” in the passage probably means “________”. A．to forgive someone B．to stay angry with someone C．to forget about someone D．to help someone 79．What does the author compare friendships to in the last paragraph? A．Flowers. B．Trees. C．Plants. D．Water. 80．Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a tip for keeping friends? A．Show appreciation. B．Keep in touch regularly. C．Always agree with your friends. D．Be forgiving. 81．What is the best title for this passage? A．How to Make New Friends B．The Importance of Friendship C．Tips for Keeping Lasting Friendships D．Why Friendships End 五、单词拼写 82．We should ________ (相信) our best friends. 83．Don’t tell others, please keep the ________ (秘密). 84．These birds are only __________ (活跃的) at night. You have to stay up to watch them. 85．The hiker had to ________ (面对) strong winds and heavy rain during the trip. 86．My teacher is ________ (体贴的) and always helps me. 87．—What’s the ________ (true) behind the mystery? —It couldn’t be found out until the end of the story. 88．His father ________ (nod) his head to show that he agreed with his son. 89．If you want to teach children better, you have to be ________ (patient) than you were and never get angry easily. 六、完成句子 90．我的朋友足够细心，可以保守秘密。 My friend is careful enough to ________ ________. 91．我和我的同学们相处融洽。 I ________ ________ ________ all my classmates. 92．他乐于助人，从不说任何人的坏话。 He is helpful and never ________ a bad word ________ anyone. 93．贝蒂是我最好的朋友，她愿意倾听我的烦恼。 Betty is my best friend. She is willing ________ ________ ________ my problems. 94．当我想要放弃英语时，我的英语老师总是鼓励我继续尝试。 When I ________________ on English, my English teacher always ________________. 七、选词填空 用方框中所给单词或短语的适当形式填空,使短文完整通顺。 plenty of　take　luck　easy　mind　introduce　be good at　interest　kind　happy “Birds of a feather flock together.” is a popular sentence in English. It usually describes how people of similar 95 like to fall into the same group. In the Chinese language, it means “Wu Yi Lei Ju”, or “Things of a kind come together.”. This sentence has an 96 and meaningful Chinese story. During the Warring States Period, a famous scholar (学者) of the Qi State, named Chunyu Kun, 97 giving talks. King Xuan of the Qi State loved to get many talented (有天赋的) scholars around. One day, the king asked Chunyu 98 more talents to the state. Chunyu said that would not be hard at all. The next morning, he brought seven talented scholars to see the king. It was the 99 moment for the king but he really wondered how Chunyu could find so many talented scholars in such a short time. So he asked Chunyu at once, “Someone would be 100 to find one excellent scholar for every 1,000 square kilometres or find one sage (圣贤) every 100 years. How could you find seven great persons for me so 101 ?” Chunyu answered, “Dear King, it 102 millions of years to find dry crops in a wet and low-lying (低洼的) field, while you can find 103 them on a highland. Animals of the same kind often move around in a team, and birds of the same type often fly together. You ordered me to search for  talented people of my 104 , so it’s as easy as getting water from a big river.” Since then, “Wu Yi Lei Ju” has found its way into Chinese as a popular idiom. 八、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Hello, my name is David. I live in South Africa. My grandmother always tells, “If you lie down with dogs, you will get up with fleas (近朱者赤，近墨者黑).” She also tells me that there are many 105 (kind) of people in the world, but I have to 106 (follow) the good ones. 107 I do that, I can be a good person too. Now let me tell you about the good people I follow. I follow my dad because he is hard-working. He gets up at 6:00 a.m. and eats his breakfast 108 (quick). And he tells me, “No pain, no gain (一分耕耘，一分收获).” I follow my mum because she is nice. She often visits an old 109 (people) home. She makes the bed, 110 (wash) clothes for the old people. Sometimes she takes 111 (they) delicious food. I follow my best friend Lisa. She likes helping people. It’s difficult for me 112 (learn) English. But Lisa tells me I can do it well and helps me 113 my English after class. What are the things that make you a 114 (good) person than before? Please tell me, because I want to learn from you too. 九、任务型阅读 Do you know about those great friends Harry, Hermione and Ron in the Harry Potter books? J. K. Rowling’s stories are world-famous, and part of their success is because of the friendship between those three main characters. But there are many examples of great friends in literature (文学). Let’s look at some more in the book sharing activity today. In 1844, French writer Alexandre Dumas wrote The Three Musketeers (《三个火枪手》). The story is about a young man. He goes to Paris to join the musketeers. He meets the other three greatest musketeers in France. They become friends and have many adventures (冒险) together. They often say “one for all and all for one”, and this shows their strong friendship. The Lord of the Rings (1954-1955) by J. R. R. Tolkien is a fantastic storybook about Frodo, who gets a ring from his uncle. Frodo lives in the Shire and has a friend, Sam. When Frodo leaves the Shire on a long journey with the ring, Sam goes with him. Sam’s friendship is very important to Frodo. When he faces danger, Sam is always there to help him. Another book is My Brilliant Friend (2011) by Elena Ferrante. Elena and Lila are friends at school, but they have a lot of arguments (争吵). As they get older, something happens and brings them together again. 115．Who is the writer of Harry Potter? 116．What does “one for all and all for one” show in The Three Musketeers? 117．Why is Sam’s friendship very important to Frodo? 118．Which of these books would you like to read most? Why? 十、书面表达 119．提示： 1. 介绍你最好的朋友是谁，何时何地相识； 2. 描述他/她的外貌特征（至少使用一个比较级或最高级）； 3. 描述他/她的优秀品质（“helpful, honest, cheerful, humorous, caring, trustworthy, energetic, patient, thoughtful”等，至少使用三个）； 4. 举一个具体事例说明他/她如何帮助你； 5. 个人感悟。 要求：80-100词，至少使用3个形容词比较级或最高级，2个反身代词。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 《Unit 1 Friendship 单元练习卷》参考答案 1．friendship 2．honest 3． cheerful unhappy 4．humorous 5．fact 6．joke 7． laugh laughs 8．unhappy 9． lie lied 10．person 11．idea 12．seat 13．carefully 14． understand understood 15．amount 16．funny 17．sense 18． humour humor 19．bored 20．energetic 21．active 22．encourage 23．believe 24．face 25．secret 26．worse 27．worst 28．height 29． sec second 30．test 31．badminton 32．however 33．balloon 34．afraid 35． fight fought 36．dead 37． attack attacked 38．danger 39．brave 40．listener 41． nod nodded 42．feeling 43．once 44．patient 45．thoughtful 46．secretive 【解析】略 47．A 【详解】句意：你是否发现自己对那些不重要的事情变得不耐烦或无趣？A无聊的、无趣的；B无聊的；C累的；D生气地。结合语境"你是否发现自己对那些不重要的事情变得不耐烦或___？"．可知，不重要的事情，应该是"无趣的"．形容人用ed形容词bored．故选A． 48．A 【详解】句意：——王老师，我可以稍微晚一点交作业吗？——好吧，既然这几天你生病了。 a little bit一些，可修饰形容词/副词；a bit little语序错误；bit一点，不能单独作程度副词；little少，单独使用常表否定含义。根据语境可知是请求稍微晚交，且空后是副词late，应填a little bit。 49．C 【详解】句意：他是一个如此诚实的男孩，所有人都信任他。 so+形容词/副词；such+(a/an)+形容词+单数名词。“... honest boy that everyone...”表明，such+(a/an)+形容词+单数名词。 此处中心词是单数名词boy，honest以元音音素开头，应填such an。 50．B 【详解】句意：——这种草看上去是无用的，但事实上它能解决很多健康问题。——中医真是太神奇了！ 考查形容词辨析。meaningless无意义的；useless无用的；hopeless无望的；tasteless无味的。根据“How amazing the traditional Chinese medicine is!” 可知，感叹中医的神奇，故空处应是指看上去无用的草实际上很有用，故选B。 51．B 【详解】句意：——我们都相信关心他人能让世界更美好。——我同意。如果每个人都伸出援手，世界会变得更好。   talking about谈论；caring about关心；dreaming about梦想；worrying about担心。根据后文“伸出援手”可知，强调关心他人，故选用caring about。 52．C 【详解】句意：虽然他累了，但他继续做他的项目。 Because因为；Since既然、自从；Although虽然；If如果。根据前后句句意可知，“累了”与“继续做项目”之间存在转折关系，表示虽然累，但仍然工作，应填Although引导让步状语从句。 53．B 【详解】句意：从这张微信聊天图片中，我们可以知道凯蒂是一个体贴的女孩。 考查形容词辨析。hard-working勤奋的；thoughtful体贴的，考虑周到的；energetic精力充沛的；humorous幽默的。根据“Oh, she can always listen carefully to everyone’s ideas and choose her words carefully when talking with others.”可知，凯蒂总是能认真倾听每个人的想法，并且在和别人交谈时会谨慎措辞。说明凯蒂是一个体贴周到、为他人着想的女孩。故选B。 54．B 【详解】句意：我不确定他是否会来参加我的生日聚会。 that（引导陈述句从句，无词义）；whether是否；what什么；which哪一个。根据“I’m not sure...he will come to my birthday party”，不确定他是否会来参加我的生日聚会，应用whether引导宾语从句，表示“是否”。 55．A 【详解】句意：我们彼此分享得越多，我们就越了解对方。 固定句型the+比较级，the+比较级，意为“越……，就越……”。前半句出现the more（much的比较级），后半句也必须用“the+比较级”结构；better是good/well的比较级，the better符合该固定搭配。 56．A 【详解】句意：妈妈总是担心我的学习，但我认为我能处理好。 worries担心；talks谈论；thinks思考；cares关心。后半句“but I think I can manage it well”表转折，表示自己能处理好，说明妈妈是在担忧，worries符合题意。 57．B 【详解】句意：老师经常鼓励我们在空闲时间多读英语书。 makes使；encourages鼓励；lets让；hopes希望。make/let后接动词原形，hope不能接sb. to do，encourage sb. to do sth.是固定搭配，表示“鼓励某人做某事”。 58．B 【详解】句意：米莉比她班上的其它任何一个女孩都要好。any other其它任何的，后跟单数名词，排除A；any用在肯定句中是“任何的”意思，后面也要跟单数名词，C答案错误；D答案应是any of the other girls，故答案为B。 点睛：当所比较的双方属于同一范围内的时候，用any other排除自己，因为自己不能和自己比较。例如：Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China. 上海比中国其他的城市大。 如果比较的双方不属于同一范围内时候，则不存在和自己比较的情况，所以可以不用other， 例如：Shanghai is bigger than any city in Heilongjiang. 上海比黑龙江的任何城市都大。 59．B 60．D 61．A 62．C 63．D 64．A 65．B 66．C 67．A 68．D 69．A 70．C 71．A 72．D 73．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者家里发生火灾，借住的朋友在叫醒作者逃生之前，竟然先将自己的所有行李搬到了安全的地方。看清朋友的自私后，两人最终绝交的故事。 【详解】59．句意：他要暂住三周，因此带了大包小包的行李箱，还有篮球之类的物品。 根据前文“came to visit me”以及空后的“for 3 weeks”可知，朋友是来作者家里拜访并暂住一段时间。故选用staying表示“停留/居住”。若选用working“工作”或resting“休息”则无法准确表达在朋友家做客暂住的状态。 60．句意：他要暂住三周，因此带了大包小包的行李箱，还有篮球之类的物品。 根据第三段中描述作者看到朋友提前搬出的物品原句“including his basketball”可知，朋友带来并被搬出来的物品里包含篮球。故选用basketball表示“篮球”。 61．句意：我来不及多想，立刻从床上跳起来。 根据前文朋友大喊的原句“shouting, ‘FIRE! FIRE!’”以及空后的动作“I jumped out of bed.”可知，在听到失火这种极其紧急的呼喊时，作者是出于本能立刻跳下床逃生的，根本来不及思考。固定搭配“without thinking”意为“不假思索/毫不犹豫”。故选用thinking表示“思考”。 62．句意：我跟在他身后冲进走廊时，能感觉到地板滚烫。 根据第三段解释起火地点的原句“That fire had started in the basement”可知，火灾发生在地下室，热量向上蔓延，因此踩在上面的地板必然是被烤得发烫的。故选用hot表示“热的/烫的”。 63．句意：我到处都看不到明火，但我们朝前门跑的时候，耳边全是火焰发出巨大的声响。 根据前句“I couldn’t see the fire anywhere”强调没看到火，与后半句“I could hear the fire making a loud…”强调听到了火的声音可知，前后句意存在明显的转折关系。故选用but表示“但是”。 64．句意：我到处都看不到明火，但我们朝前门跑的时候，耳边全是火焰发出巨大的声响。 根据空前的“I could hear the fire making a loud...”可知，物体发出声响的固定搭配“make a noise”。若选用voice“嗓音”，它专指人类说话或唱歌的声音，不能用来形容火灾燃烧的声音。故选用noise表示“声响/噪音”。 65．句意：火苗藏在墙体内部。 根据第三段描写火势蔓延方向“and it spread up into the walls”可知，火势是顺着墙壁向上蔓延的，所以当时大火正烧在墙壁内部。故选用walls表示“墙壁”。 66．句意：我们跑到前院，回头望向房子，只见黑烟从这栋老房子里不断冒出来。 根据前文的动作“We ran out into the front yard”可知，两人已经跑出屋子来到了前院，此时想要看身后的房子，就必须回头看。固定搭配“look back”意为“回头看”。故选用back表示“向后”。 67．句意：我们跑到前院，回头望向房子，只见黑烟从这栋老房子里不断冒出来。 根据第一段首句背景介绍的原句“I was living in a house with a long history”可知，“with a long history”与old在语义上完美对应，这是一栋历史悠久的老房子。故选用old表示“旧的/古老的”。 68．句意：我们站在原地望着起火的房子，我低头一看，发现朋友所有的包和行李箱都整整齐齐摆在前院草坪上，他的篮球也在其中。 根据空前的动作“I looked down and...”可知，作者低头向下看，随后察觉并看清了草坪上摆放着朋友的行李。故选用noticed表示“注意到/察觉到”。若选用remembered“记起”，与当时低头用眼睛看到的客观视觉动作不符。 69．句意：我们站在原地望着起火的房子，我低头一看，发现朋友所有的包和行李箱都整整齐齐摆在前院草坪上，他的篮球也在其中。 根据空后的状态描述“lined up on the front grassland”可知，这些行李被排成了一排，说明朋友在逃生时还有时间有条不紊地将物品摆放整齐。故选用tidily表示“整齐地”。 70．句意：原来他发现房子起火后，先把所有行李搬到草坪上，才折返回来叫醒我、提醒我失火了。 根据空后的“he noticed the house was on fire”可知，此处引导的是一个时间状语从句，叙述朋友发现火情那一刻的做法。故选用When表示“当……时”。若选用Unless“除非”或If“如果”则会导致前后逻辑不通。 71．句意：原来他发现房子起火后，先把所有行李搬到草坪上，才折返回来叫醒我、提醒我失火了。 根据前句“he took all of them out to the grassland”可知朋友先到了室外，再根据空后的“warn me about it”可知作者当时还在屋内睡觉，所以朋友必须重新从室外返回屋内才能警告作者。故选用came表示“来”。 72．句意：火灾源头在地下室，火苗顺着墙体往上蔓延，我们刚才站过的地板都被烧着了。 根据前文作者跑进走廊时的感受“I felt the floor was...”以及后文“The floor and much of the house fell down”可知，大火正在燃烧并且最终导致坍塌的，正是他们脚下站立的地板。故选用floor表示“地板”。 73．句意：消防员说我们实在太幸运了。 根据前文“The floor and much of the house fell down not long after we came out.”可知，两人刚逃出来不久房子和地板就坍塌了，能够这般死里逃生，在消防员看来是非常走运的。故选用lucky表示“幸运的”。若选用brave“勇敢的”，在此刻落荒而逃的语境下并不符合消防员对幸存者的感慨。 74．C 75．A 76．B 【导语】本文是一首送别诗，王维的《送元二使安西》。表达了诗人对友人即将远赴安西的不舍与深情厚谊。 【详解】74．细节理解题。根据“A Farewell Song”和“Wang Wei”可知，这首诗的作者是王维。故选C。 75．细节理解题。根据“The willows by the hotel look so fresh and green.”可知，春天时柳树翠绿，所以作者的朋友是在春天离开的。故选A。 76．推理判断题。根据“rain”、“green”、“again”和“seen”可知，rain和again押韵，green和seen押韵。故押韵方式为ab-ab。故选B。 77．C 78．B 79．C 80．C 81．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了维持长久友谊的六个建议：表达感激、做好的倾听者、保持联系、学会宽容、尊重界限、共同成长，并将友谊比作需要精心照料的植物。 【详解】77．文章第三段指出“When your friend is talking, give him your full attention. Don’t interrupt or check your phone.”，直接说明朋友说话时应该给予充分关注并认真倾听。 78．文章第五段指出“If your friend does something wrong, try to forgive him. Holding a grudge only hurts the friendship.”，forgive与holding a grudge形成对比，后者表示不原谅、一直生气。由此推断，“holding a grudge”意为“对某人生气”。 79．文章最后一段指出“friendships are like plants—they need care and attention to grow.”，直接说明作者将友谊比作植物。 80．文章第二至七段分别提到了Show appreciation（表达感激）、 Be a good listener（做好的倾听者）、Keep in touch（保持联系）、Be forgiving（宽容）、Respect boundaries（尊重界限）、Grow together（共同成长），没有提到“Always agree with your friends”（总是同意朋友）。 81．文章介绍了维持长久友谊的多个建议。由此推断，最佳标题是“维持长久友谊的建议”。 82．believe 【详解】句意：我们应该相信我们最好的朋友。根据“should”可知，情态动词后应接动词原形，“相信”对应的英文动词为believe，故填believe。 83．secret/secrets 【详解】句意：不要告诉别人，请保守这个/这些秘密。括号中文提示“秘密”对应的英文单词为secret，是可数名词；空前有定冠词the，可表示单数概念填secret，也可表示复数概念填secrets；keep the secret/secrets意为“保守秘密”。 84． active 【详解】句意：这些鸟类只在夜间活跃。你必须熬夜去观察它们。“are”后跟形容词作表语，“活跃的”对应的单词是active。 85． face 【详解】句意：这位徒步旅行者在旅途中不得不面对强风和暴雨。句中“had to”为情态动词“have to”的过去式，其后应接动词原形。所给中文提示为“面对”，对应英文动词“face”，直接填入原形即可，故填face。 86．thoughtful 【详解】句意：我的老师十分体贴，总是帮助我。此处需用形容词作表语；“体贴的”对应的是形容词thoughtful。 87．truth 【详解】句意：——这个谜团背后的真相是什么？——直到故事结尾才能被发现。根据“the”及“behind the mystery”提示，需填名词作主语。true为形容词，其名词形式是truth“真相”，为不可数名词。 88．nodded 【详解】句意：他的父亲点头表示他同意儿子的看法。nod意为“点头”，结合“he agreed with his son”可知，描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，nod的过去式为nodded。 89．more patient 【详解】句意：如果你想把孩子教得更好，就必须比以前更有耐心，别轻易发火。than是比较级的标志，patient是多音节形容词，所以要变成more patient。 90． keep secrets 【详解】原句中“保守秘密”是关键词，表示“保守秘密”的短语是keep secrets，其中secret为可数名词，表示泛指，所以用复数secrets；不定式符号to后面接动词原形。 91． get along with 【详解】原句中“和……相处融洽”是关键短语，对应的固定英文搭配是get along with，主语为第一人称I，句子用一般现在时，动词保持原形，故填get；along；with。 92． says about 【详解】原句中“说任何人的坏话”是关键词，表示“说某人的坏话”的固定搭配是“say a bad word about sb.”。本句描述一般事实，主语“He”为第三人称单数，且并列谓语为“is”，say用第三人称单数形式。故填says；about。 93． to listen to 【详解】原句的关键词是“愿意”和“倾听”。 “愿意做某事”用固定搭配be willing to do sth.，故第一空填不定式符号to；“倾听”用固定搭配listen to。 94． feel like giving up encourages me to keep trying 【详解】原句中“想要放弃”和“鼓励我继续尝试”是关键词，“想要做某事”用feel like doing sth表示，时态为一般现在时，主语是I，从句谓语动词用原形，“放弃”用短语give up；“鼓励某人做某事”对应结构encourage sb to do sth，时态为一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，主句谓语动词用三单形式，“继续尝试”用keep trying表示。 95．minds 96．interesting 97．was good at 98．to introduce 99．happiest 100．lucky 101．easily 102．takes 103．plenty of 104．kind 【导语】本文通过讲述战国时期齐国学者淳于髡向齐宣王推荐人才的故事，解释了“物以类聚，人以群分”这一成语的由来及含义。 【详解】95．句意：它通常描述了有着相似思想的人是如何喜欢归入同一群体的。此处需要一个名词复数作介词“of”的宾语，构成形容词短语修饰“people”。因为方框中提供了“mind”，且“similar minds”意为“相似的思想/心智”，所以选择mind的复数形式minds。 96．句意：这句话背后有一个有趣且有意义的中国故事。此处需要一个形容词作定语修饰名词“story”。历史故事是令人感兴趣的和有趣的，interest意为“兴趣”，所以选择interest的形容词形式interesting。 97．句意：战国时期，一位名叫淳于髡的齐国著名学者擅长言谈。此处需要一个动词短语作谓语，描述主语“Chunyu Kun”的能力。因为文章讲述的是过去发生的故事，应用一般过去时。根据下文国王让淳于髡举荐人才，说明他擅长言谈。“be good at doing sth.”意为“擅长做某事”，符合语境，所以选择其过去式形式was good at。 98．句意：有一天，国王让淳于髡给国家引荐更多的人才。此处需要一个不定式作宾语补足语。根据下文国王得到了很多学者，应是让淳于髡引荐人才。“introduce”意为“介绍/引荐”，接不定式，所以选择其不定式形式to introduce。 99．句意：对国王来说这是最快乐的时刻，但他真的很想知道淳于髡怎么能在这么短的时间内找到这么多有才华的学者。此处需要一个形容词最高级作表语，前有定冠词“the”提示。因为国王一下子得到了七位人才，心情应该是极度高兴的，所以选择happy的最高级形式happiest。 100．句意：有人可能每1000平方公里才能幸运地找到一位优秀的学者，或者每100年才能找到一位圣人。此处需要一个形容词作表语，位于系动词“be”之后。因为寻找人才很难，能找到一个是运气的体现，所以选择luck的形容词形式lucky，意为“幸运的”。 101．句意：你怎么能如此轻易地为我找到七位伟人呢？此处需要一个副词修饰动词短语“find...for me”。因为国王对淳于髡这么快找到人感到惊讶，说明过程很“容易”，所以选择easy的副词形式easily，意为“容易地”。 102．句意：亲爱的国王，在低洼潮湿的田地里寻找干庄稼需要数百万年，而在高地上你可以找到大量干庄稼。此处考查句型“It takes+time+to do sth.”，意为“做某事花费多少时间”。因为主语是“It”，且此处是在陈述一个客观真理或普遍现象，应用一般现在时单三形式，所以选择take的第三人称单数形式takes。 103．句意：而在高地上你可以找到大量干庄稼。此处需要一个短语修饰名词“them”（指代dry crops）。因为高地适合庄稼生长，数量应该很多，“plenty of”意为“大量的”，既可修饰可数也可修饰不可数名词，符合语境，所以选择plenty of。 104．句意：你命令我寻找我这类有才华的人，所以这就好比从大河里取水一样容易。此处需要一个名词作介词“of”的宾语，表示类别。因为淳于髡也是人才，他找同类人很容易，即“物以类聚”，“kind”意为“种类”，“people of my kind”意为“我这类人”，所以选择kind。 105．kinds 106．follow 107．If 108．quickly 109．people’s 110．washes 111．them 112．to learn 113．with 114．better 【导语】本文讲述David受奶奶“近朱者赤，近墨者黑”观点影响，介绍自己追随的优秀家人和朋友，以及他们身上值得学习的品质，最后询问读者让自己变得更好的事，想从中学习。 【详解】105．句意：她还告诉我，世界上有很多种类的人，但我必须追随好人。many后接可数名词复数，kind的复数形式是kinds，many kinds of表示“很多种类的”，符合语义。故填kinds。 106．句意：她还告诉我，世界上有很多种类的人，但我必须追随好人。have to后接动词原形，follow用原形。故填follow。 107．句意：如果我那样做（追随好人），我也能成为一个好人。此处表“假设、条件”，If引导条件状语从句，符合“如果追随好人，就能变好”的逻辑，句首首字母大写。故填If。 108．句意：他早上6点起床，快速地吃完早餐。修饰动词eats要用副词，quick的副词形式是quickly，故填quickly。 109．句意：她经常去一个养老院。old people’s home是固定表达，意为“养老院”，用名词所有格people’s表所属关系。故填people’s。 110．句意：她整理床铺，为老人洗衣服。句子主语是“She”，且与makes并列作谓语，wash的第三人称单数形式是washes，故填washes。 111．句意：有时她给他们带美味的食物。take是动词，后接人称代词宾格，they的宾格是them，故填them。 112．句意：对我来说，学习英语很难。“It’s+形容词+for sb. to do sth.”是固定句型，意为“对某人来说做某事是……的”，所以用“to learn”，故填to learn。 113．句意：但Lisa告诉我我能学好，并且课后帮助我学习英语。“help sb. with sth.”是固定短语，意为“帮助某人做某事；在某方面帮助某人”，故填with。 114．句意：是什么让你比以前成为一个更好的人？“than”是比较级标志，“good”的比较级是“better”，故填better。 115． J. K. Rowling. 116． It shows their strong friendship. 117． Because when Frodo faces danger, Sam is always there to help him. 118． I would like to read The Three Musketeers most. Because it sounds like an exciting adventure story. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了几部著名的文学作品中关于友谊的故事，包括《哈利·波特》、《三个火枪手》、《指环王》和《我的天才女友》。 【详解】115．第一段提到：“Do you know about those great friends Harry, Hermione and Ron in the Harry Potter books? J. K. Rowling’s stories are world-famous”，表明《哈利·波特》的作者是 J. K. Rowling。 116．第二段提到：“They often say “one for all and all for one”, and this shows their strong friendship.”，说明这句话体现了他们牢固的友谊。答案几乎是原文引述。 117．第三段提到：“Sam’s friendship is very important to Frodo. When he faces danger, Sam is always there to help him.”，说明原因是Sam总在Frodo遇险时提供帮助。答案几乎是原文引述。 118．本题为开放性问题，可根据文章内容和个人喜好作答，合理即可。例如选择《三个火枪手》，因为文中提到它有很多冒险故事。 119．例文 My best friend is Tom. We met three years ago at our school’s reading club. Tom is taller than me. He has short black hair and bright eyes, and he’s the most helpful person I know. He is also very patient and thoughtful. Last month, I was worried before the English exam. Tom noticed it and spent two hours helping me review grammar. He always encourages himself to keep trying, and he encourages me too. I told myself that I would try harder. With his help, I got a better grade. I feel lucky to have such a wonderful friend. 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体： 介绍类记叙文，介绍特征用一般现在时，叙述往事用一般过去时 明确要点：介绍最好的朋友是谁、两人相识的时间地点、朋友的外貌特征、朋友的优秀品质、举例说明对方是如何帮助自己的、个人感悟 确定人称：第一人称（I/my）和第三人称（he/his）为主 注意事项：需包含题干中所有要点，80-100词，至少使用3个形容词比较级或最高级（其中有一个必须用于描述对方外貌特征）、2个反身代词 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：点明主题，介绍自己最好的朋友是谁并说明两人相识的时间地点 主体段：介绍好朋友的外貌特征和优秀品质，并具体说明对方是如何帮助自己的 结尾段：总结全文，表达对好朋友的感受 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：介绍最好的朋友是谁 朋友选择：Tom/Lily/Amy/Jack/Mike/Sam/Jane/David/Peter/Nancy/Betty/Lisa/Frank/Wendy等 要点二：介绍两人相识的时间地点 时间地点选择：three years ago/at our school’s reading club/two years ago/at a summer volunteer activity/when we joined the school football team/at the school basketball club/in the school reading room等 要点三：介绍朋友的外貌特征 外貌选择：taller than me/short black hair and bright eyes/thinner than most girls/slimmer than other girls/has long hair/round face/stronger than all my classmates等 要点四：介绍朋友的优秀品质 品质选择：the most helpful person/patient and thoughtful/helpful, humorous and caring/honest, patient and energetic/cheerful, helpful and thoughtful/helpful, honest and caring/patient, trustworthy and caring等 要点五：举例说明对方是如何帮助自己的 例子选择：I was worried before the English exam/noticed it and spent two hours helping me review grammar/I fell behind in math and felt upset/she devoted her spare time to tutoring me/I failed my history test/she comforted me and helped me sort out knowledge points等 要点六：个人感悟 感悟选择：feel lucky to have such a wonderful friend/treasure this true friendship deeply/felt much warmer/feel so glad to have this great friend/makes my school life much brighter/feel truly lucky to own such a perfect friend等 答案第1页，共2页 答案第1页，共2页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $