精品解析：广东省梅州市五华县2025-2026学年第二学期八年级期末学习能力测试题 英语

2025-2026学年第二学期八年级期末学习能力测试题 英 语 说明：1．全卷共8页，全卷满分为90分，考试用时为75分钟。 2．答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的班级、姓名和座位号填写在答题卡上。 3．选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试题上。 4．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 5．考生务必保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束时只交回答题卡。 一、语法选择。（本大题有10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后按照句子结构的语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 Learning about Hakka (客家) culture is really meaningful for middle school students. It is ____1____ useful part of our local traditional culture with a long history. Many students in our school show great love for Hakka culture. After class, they often stay together ____2____ talk about delicious Hakka food, ancient Hakka houses and interesting old customs happily. Look! Some students ____3____ a storybook about Hakka culture in the classroom now. Our head teacher tells us that we ____4____ try our best to learn and pass down such great local culture. ____5____ interest in traditional culture makes our school life rich and colorful. Most of these storybooks are in our ____6____ collections. We decide ____7____ a small culture club to learn more about Hakka culture together. ____8____ amazing Hakka culture is! There ____9____ more interesting activities about it in our school next term. Learning about Hakka culture helps us become more ____10____ and caring. It has a deep and positive influence on every student here, and we all hope these great traditions will last forever. 1. A. a B. an C. the 2. A. but B. and C. or 3. A. read B. are reading C. will read 4. A. must B. may C. could 5. A. We B. Our C. Ours 6. A. teachers B. teacher C. teacher’s 7. A. build B. building C. to build 8. A. How B. What C. What an 9. A. are B. were C. will be 10. A. politely B. polite C. politeness 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. B 4. A 5. B 6. C 7. C 8. A 9. C 10. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍学习客家文化对中学生很有意义，学生通过阅读、建俱乐部等方式传承文化，感受其魅力与影响。 【1题详解】 句意：它是我们当地历史悠久传统文化中一个有用的部分。 句中的“part”是可数名词单数，此处泛指“一个有用的部分”，应使用不定冠词。因为“useful”的发音以辅音音素开头，所以用a。 【2题详解】 句意：课后，他们经常聚在一起，开心地谈论美味的客家美食、古老的客家民居和有趣的旧习俗。 分析句子结构，“stay together”（聚在一起）和“talk about...”（谈论……）是两个并列的动作，前后为顺承或并列关系，应使用连词and。 【3题详解】 句意：看！现在一些学生正在教室里读一本关于客家文化的书。 根据句首的“Look!”以及时间状语“now”可知，动作正在进行，应使用现在进行时（be + doing）。主语“Some students”是复数，故用are reading。 【4题详解】 句意：我们的班主任告诉我们，我们应该尽力学习和传承这样伟大的地方文化。 根据“try our best”可知，班主任对学生提出要求和期望，表示“必须、应该”尽力去做，应使用情态动词must（必须）。 【5题详解】 句意：我们对传统文化的兴趣使我们的校园生活丰富多彩。 空格后是名词短语“interest in traditional culture”，因此需要用形容词性物主代词来修饰。选项B“Our”（我们的）符合语法要求。We是主格，Ours是名词性物主代词，均不能直接修饰名词。 【6题详解】 句意：这些故事书大部分都在我们老师的藏书中。 此处表示“老师的藏书”，需用名词所有格形式。单数名词“teacher”的所有格是在词尾加“’s”，即“teacher’s”。 【7题详解】 句意：我们决定建立一个小型的文化社团，以便一起更多地了解客家文化。 decide to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“决定做某事”，因此空格处应填入动词不定式to build。 【8题详解】 句意：客家文化是多么令人惊叹啊！ 这是一个感叹句。其中心词是形容词“amazing”，没有名词，符合“How + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语!”的句型结构。故选A。 【9题详解】 句意：下学期我们学校将会有更多关于它的有趣活动。 根据时间状语“next term”可知，句子描述的是将来的事情，应使用一般将来时。在“There be”句型中，一般将来时的结构为“There will be”。 【10题详解】 句意：学习客家文化帮助我们变得更加礼貌和体贴。 “become”在此处作系动词，意为“变得”，其后应接形容词作表语。选项B“polite”（礼貌的）是形容词，与后面的“caring”（体贴的）构成并列结构。politely是副词，politeness是名词，均不符合语法。 二、完形填空。（本大题有10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从每题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 Once upon a time, a fisherman hired (雇佣) a young man to paint his old boat. While he was working, the young man noticed a small ____11____ in the bottom of the boat. He didn’t say anything about it to the fisherman. Instead, he just ____12____ it quietly by himself. After he finished the job, the young man received his pay and ____13____. A few weeks later, the fisherman suddenly ____14____ at the young man’s door. To the painter’s surprise, the old man handed him plenty of ____15____ again. The painter was confused and said, “Sir, you have already paid me for the painting.” The fisherman shook his head and replied, “This is not for the painting. It’s for ____16____ the hole. You see, I forgot to tell you about it. Later, my son took the boat out to sea. When I remembered the hole, I felt extremely ____17____. I tried to phone him, but there was no ____18____. I thought I had lost him forever! But luckily, because of your kindness, my son returned home ____19____. You didn’t just paint my boat; you saved my son’s ____20____.” Even a small act of kindness can make a huge difference in the world. 11. A. fish B. hole C. net D. box 12. A. mixed B. chose C. broke D. repaired 13. A. refused B. left C. shouted D. recommended 14. A. appeared B. continued C. organized D. pointed 15. A. paper B. money C. advice D. food 16. A. washing B. digging C. checking D. fixing 17. A. bored B. excited C. afraid D. tired 18. A. challenge B. difference C. answer D. intelligence 19. A. safely B. secretly C. simply D. seriously 20. A. work B. hobby C. dream D. life 【答案】11. B 12. D 13. B 14. A 15. B 16. D 17. C 18. C 19. A 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述年轻人受雇刷船时默默修补船洞，后来这一善举救了渔夫儿子的故事，说明小小的善举也能产生巨大影响。 【11题详解】 句意：当年轻人正在工作时，他注意到船底有一个小洞。 根据第三段首句“This is not for the painting. It’s for…the hole.”可知，这位年轻人注意到船底有个“洞”，应选用hole。fish“鱼”；net“网”；box“盒子”均不符合语境。 【12题详解】 句意：他没有告诉渔夫，而是自己默默地修补了它。 前文提到他发现了洞，后文说“他默默地……”，说明他自己“修补”了它，应选用repaired。mixed“混合”；chose“选择”；broke“打破”不符合语境。 【13题详解】 句意：完成工作后，年轻人收到了报酬就离开了。 收到报酬说明工作结束了，接下来自然是“离开”，应选用left。refused“拒绝”；shouted“喊”；recommended“推荐”不符合语境。 【14题详解】 句意：几周后，渔夫突然出现在年轻人的门口。 后文说渔夫来给他钱，说明渔夫“出现”在他家门口，应选用appeared。continued“继续”；organized“组织”；pointed“指”不符合语境。 【15题详解】 句意：令他惊讶的是，老人又给了他很多钱。 根据第一段最后一句“received his pay”和空后“again”可知，渔夫再一次给年轻人“钱”，应选用money。paper“纸”；advice“建议”；food“食物”不符合语境。 【16题详解】 句意：这(笔钱)不是刷船(的费用)，而是修补洞(的费用)。 第一段提到渔民请他来刷船，但年轻人发现船底部有洞，帮忙默默修好，后来渔民知道了，所以过来给他“修补”洞的钱。应选用fixing。washing“洗”；digging“挖”；checking“检查”均不符合语境。 【17题详解】 句意：当我记起那个洞时，我感到非常害怕。 他想起船上有洞而儿子已经出海了，所以感到“害怕”，应选用afraid。bored“无聊的”；excited“兴奋的”；tired“劳累的”均不符合语境。 【18题详解】 句意：我试图打电话给他，但没有人接听。 前后句为转折关系，尝试打电话但是没有人接听。no answer“没有人接听/没有回应”，空处应选用answer。challenge“挑战”；difference“不同”；intelligence“聪明”不符合语境。 【19题详解】 句意：但幸运的是，因为你的善良，我的儿子安全回家了。 前文说儿子出海了，后文说“因为你的善良”，说明儿子“安全地”回来了，应选用safely。secretly“秘密地”；simply“仅仅”；seriously“严重地”均不符合语境。 【20题详解】 句意：你不仅粉刷了我的船，还救了我儿子的命。 年轻人默默地帮渔夫修补船底的洞，最后渔夫的儿子得以平安归来，说明他救了渔夫儿子的“命”。应选用life。work“工作”；hobby“爱好”；dream“梦想”不符合语境。 三、阅读理解。（本大题有 15 小题，每小题 2 分，共 30 分） 阅读 A、B 两篇短文，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 A Each year, rainstorms with thunder make millions of bright flashes in the sky. Here is useful advice for you to keep away from danger. Look for shelter. No place outside is safe. When you hear thunder When you are caught (被困) outside ※ Move to a building or a car with windows closed. ※ Stay inside for at least 30 minutes after the last sound of thunder. ※ Avoid using machines connected with wires (电线) inside, such as telephones, computers and radios. However, mobile phones are safe to use inside. ※ Stay away from windows and doors. ▲Crouch (蹲) as low as possible. Stay far from the tallest things around you. ▲Cover your ears with your hands to protect your hearing. ▲Keep your heels (脚后跟) touching each other. This helps ground electricity go through one foot and out the other. ▲Only the front part of your feet should touch the ground. 21. Where should you go first when you hear thunder outside? A. A tall green tree. B. A building or a car. C. A wide open square. D. A quiet small river. 22. How long do you need to stay inside after the last thunder? A. For about ten minutes. B. For less than 20 minutes. C. For at least half an hour. D. For one whole hour. 23. Which of the following is safe to use indoors during a thunderstorm? A. A wired telephone. B. A personal computer. C. A wired radio. D. A mobile phone. 24. What should you do if you are caught outside in a thunderstorm? A. Stand near the tallest tree. B. Keep your heels far apart. C. Crouch low and cover your ears. D. Let your whole feet touch the ground. 25. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To explain why thunder happens. B. To talk about different kinds of thunderstorms. C. To show great views of lightning. D. To tell people how to stay safe from bright sky flashes. 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. C 25. D 【解析】 【导语】本文提供一套完整的雷雨、闪电避险方法，分别说明身处室内和被困室外时的正确防护行为，指导人们躲避雷电危险、保障自身安全。 【21题详解】 根据表格左栏“When you hear thunder”下的第一条建议“Move to a building or a car with windows closed.”可知，在外面听到雷声时应首先去建筑物或汽车里。 【22题详解】 根据表格左栏“When you hear thunder”下的第二条建议“Stay inside for at least 30 minutes after the last sound of thunder.”可知，需要停留至少30分钟，即半小时(half an hour)。 【23题详解】 根据表格左栏“When you hear thunder”下的第三条建议“Avoid using machines connected with wires (电线) inside, such as telephones, computers and radios. However, mobile phones are safe to use inside.”可知，雷暴期间在室内使用手机是安全的，而有线的电话、电脑和收音机应避免使用。 【24题详解】 根据表格右栏“When you are caught outside”下的第一条建议“Crouch (蹲) as low as possible.”和“Cover your ears with your hands to protect your hearing.”可知，被困室外时应该蹲低并捂住耳朵，C选项符合题意。 【25题详解】 根据文章开头的引言“Here is useful advice for you to keep away from danger.”以及全文提供的各项室内外防雷安全措施可知，本文的主要目的是告诉人们如何在雷电天气中保持安全。 B For hundreds of years, the UK’s large blue butterflies lived only in the south. They could not survive in the colder north. But in recent years, scientists have seen them flying much farther north. This change has been shown by many studies, and climate change is the main reason. The UK’s average temperature has risen by about 1°C in the last 100 years. This small change has made the north warmer. Large blue butterflies need a special kind of grass to lay their eggs. This grass only grows well in temperatures above 15°C. Now, the north of the UK is warm enough for the grass to grow, and for the butterflies to live there. ____▲___. Local people in the north had never seen large blue butterflies all their lives. When the first ones arrived, many were surprised and even took photos to share online. Scientists are happy to see the change, but they also worry about what it means. If temperatures keep rising, the butterflies may keep moving north. What will happen if they run out of new homes? Climate change affects all kinds of animals and plants. Some animals and plants will move to new places to find better living conditions. Others may not be able to move fast enough and could disappear. The story of the large blue butterflies is just one example of how nature is changing with the weather. 26. Where is this passage most probably from? A. A fashion magazine. B. A science magazine. C. A travel guidebook. D. A storybook. 27. What does the underlined word “survive” in Paragraph 1 mean? A. Live. B. Move. C. Sleep. D. Fly. 28. At what temperature are large blue butterflies able to lay eggs according to the passage? A. B. C. D. 29. Which of the following can be put in “____▲___” in Paragraph 3? A. It was unusual for local people there B. Butterflies soon left the whole country C. This caused a lot of serious problems D. Many people took photos of them online 30. What is the best title for the passage? A. The History of Large Blue Butterflies B. How to Protect Large Blue Butterflies C. Different Kinds of Butterflies in the UK D. Climate Change Brings Butterflies to the UK North 【答案】26. B 27. A 28. C 29. A 30. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了由于气候变化导致气温升高，英国的大蓝蝶为了寻找合适的生存环境，开始从南部向北部迁移的现象，以此说明气候变化对自然界动植物的影响。 【26题详解】 通读全文可知，文章主要探讨了气候变化对大蓝蝶栖息地迁移的影响，属于科普类文章。因此，这篇文章最有可能来自一本科学杂志(A science magazine)。 【27题详解】 根据第一段中的“For hundreds of years, the UK’s large blue butterflies lived only in the south.”以及“They could not survive in the colder north.”可知，它们以前只生活在南部，说明无法在寒冷的北部“生存”。因此“survive”意为“生存，存活”，与“Live”意思相近。 【28题详解】 根据第二段中的“Large blue butterflies need a special kind of grass to lay their eggs. This grass only grows well in temperatures above 15°C.”可知，大蓝蝶产卵的环境温度必须在15°C以上。观察四个选项的温度计图片，只有C选项的温度显示在15°C以上。 【29题详解】 根据空后的句子“Local people in the north had never seen large blue butterflies all their lives.”可知，大蓝蝶出现在北部对当地人来说是一件非常罕见、不寻常的事情，选项A“It was unusual for local people there”能够很好地引出下文，符合语境逻辑。 【30题详解】 通读全文，文章以大蓝蝶为例，讲述了由于气候变暖，大蓝蝶从英国南部迁移到了北部，并在最后一段总结了气候变化对动植物的影响，选项D“Climate Change Brings Butterflies to the UK North”最能准确概括文章的核心内容，适合作为标题。 C 配对阅读。左栏是五个人的兴趣或需求，右栏是七个志愿服务项目。请为每个人选择最适合他们的志愿项目，并在答题卡上将对应选项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 ____31____ Tom: He loves animals very much and wants to do something to help them. He has free time on weekends. ____32____ Lily: She is good at singing and hopes to bring joy to others through her songs. She can volunteer on weekdays. ____33____ Jack: He is strong and good at fixing things. He wants to help those in need by using his skills. He is available on Saturdays. ____34____ Lucy: She likes children a lot and wishes to play with them and teach them some knowledge. She has time after school. ____35____ Bob: He is interested in history and wants to share his knowledge with the elderly. He can volunteer in the evenings. A. Sports Coaching for Kids: If you are good at sports, come to coach kids on weekends. B. Nursing Home Singers: Come and sing for the old people in the nursing home on weekdays. Your songs will make their days more colorful. C. Historical Knowledge Sharing for the Elderly: If you know a lot about history, come to share it with the elderly in the evenings. D. Children’s Library Volunteers: Help children in the library after school. You can read stories to them and teach them some simple knowledge. E. Community Repair Team: Are you good at fixing things? Join us on Saturdays to help repair broken things in the community. F. Beach Cleaning Project: We need volunteers to clean the beach on Sundays. It’s a great way to protect the environment. G. Animal Shelter Volunteers: We need volunteers to take care of homeless animals on weekends. You will feed them, clean their cages and play with them. 【答案】31. G 32. B 33. E 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文左栏介绍了五个人的兴趣、技能及空闲时间，右栏列出了七个志愿服务项目，要求为每个人匹配最适合的志愿活动。 【31题详解】 根据“Tom: He loves animals very much...free time on weekends.”可知，汤姆非常喜欢动物，周末有空闲时间。选项G“Animal Shelter Volunteers: We need volunteers to take care of homeless animals on weekends.”提到周末需要志愿者照顾无家可归的动物，与汤姆的需求相符。 【32题详解】 根据“Lily: She is good at singing...volunteer on weekdays.”可知，莉莉擅长唱歌，希望在工作日做志愿者。选项B“Nursing Home Singers: Come and sing for the old people in the nursing home on weekdays.”提到工作日去养老院为老人唱歌，与莉莉的情况相符。 【33题详解】 根据“Jack: He is strong and good at fixing things...available on Saturdays.”可知，杰克擅长修理东西，周六有空。选项E“Community Repair Team: Are you good at fixing things? Join us on Saturdays...”提到周六加入社区维修队帮助修理物品，与杰克的技能和时间相符。 【34题详解】 根据“Lucy: She likes children a lot...time after school.”可知，露西喜欢孩子，放学后有时间。选项D“Children’s Library Volunteers: Help children in the library after school.”提到放学后在图书馆帮助孩子，与露西的情况相符。 【35题详解】 根据“Bob: He is interested in history...share his knowledge with the elderly...in the evenings.”可知，鲍勃对历史感兴趣，想与老人分享，晚上有空。选项C“Historical Knowledge Sharing for the Elderly:...share it with the elderly in the evenings.”提到晚上与老人分享历史知识，与鲍勃的兴趣和时间相符。 四、短文填空。（本大题有10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分） 请选择适当的词完成下面的短文，并把所缺单词填写在指定的位置上。每个空只能填写一个形式正确、意义相符的单词。（有两项是多余的） become experience recently when from excited different they though harm use in “Look in my eyes! Tell me why?” Have you noticed any “ancient character” speaking to you online ____36____? Some creative vloggers ____37____ AI technology to bring famous historical people, like the great poets Li Bai and Du Fu, back to life. These videos have ____38____ very popular because they let these people from the past speak in modern and funny language. In these videos, ancient experts or poets talk about their ____39____ and even joke about modern life. “These videos help me understand their lives better. I knew very little about ____40____ stories before,” said Wang Jiayi, a 15-year-old student. Such creative ways make many young people ____41____ about history. One user even said she now goes to the library whenever a topic catches her eyes. However, not everyone is happy. Some people feel embarrassed ____42____ the characters in the videos often talk and act wildly. “The ways they act are very ____43____ from how they really were in history,” explained another student. For example, a gentle poet may shout loudly in the videos, which is ____44____ to their image (形象). ____45____ a word, while these videos are a fun way to learn, we should make sure they also tell the truth about history. 【答案】36. recently 37. use 38. become 39. experiences 40. their 41. excited 42. when 43. different 44. harmful 45. In 【解析】 【导语】本文围绕AI制作的历史人物短视频展开，介绍它吸引年轻人了解历史的优点，同时指出部分内容不符合史实的弊端，呼吁大家尊重真实历史。 【36题详解】 句意：你最近有没有注意到一些“历史古代人物”在网络上和你对话？本句时态是现在完成时，需要时间副词；recently（最近）常和现在完成时连用，作状语。 【37题详解】 句意：一些创意视频博主利用人工智能技术，让李白、杜甫等著名历史人物重现。固定搭配use sth. to do sth.意为“利用某物做某事”，主语vloggers（博主）是复数，全文主体为一般现在时，所以用动词原形。 【38题详解】 句意：这些视频已经变得十分受欢迎，因为它们让这些古人用现代、风趣的语言说话。have+过去分词，构成现在完成时； become的过去分词仍是become； 【39题详解】 句意：在这些视频中，古代学者或诗人们讲述自己的经历，甚至调侃现代生活。experience表示“人生经历”，为可数名词，此处指多位古人各自的经历，变为复数experiences。 【40题详解】 句意：15岁的学生王佳怡说：“我以前对他们的故事了解甚少。”后面有名词stories，需要形容词性物主代词修饰； they（他们）的形容词性物主代词形式是their（他们的）。 【41题详解】 句意：这样新颖的方式或许能让许多年轻人对历史感到兴奋。固定结构make sb.+形容词意为“使某人……”； excited修饰人，表示“感到兴奋的”； 搭配：be excited about意为“对……感到兴奋”。 【42题详解】 句意：当视频里的人物言语举止十分放肆时，有些人感到尴尬。when引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”。 【43题详解】 句意：另一名学生解释道：“他们的行事方式和历史上真实的样子大不相同。”固定短语be different from意为“与……不同”。 【44题详解】 句意：例如，一位性情温和的诗人可能在视频里大声叫嚷，这对他们的形象有害。be动词后需要形容词； harm（名词/动词，伤害）的形容词形式是harmful（形容词，有害的）； 固定搭配be harmful to意为“对……有害”。 【45题详解】 句意：总之，虽然这类视频是有趣的学习途径，但我们应当保证它们依旧讲述真实的历史。固定短语in a word意为“总而言之”，In位于句首，首字母大写。 五、读写综合（本大题分为A、B两部分，共25分） A．回答问题。 请阅读下面这篇文章，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。要求所写答案语法正确、语义完整，并把答案写在答题卡指定的位置。 The world is full of amazing natural wonders. They bring us beauty, power and deep thinking. All these stay with us for a long time. They make our mind and soul (灵魂) stronger. I’m Lily, a middle school student. I have visited many amazing places in China. In my first summer vacation, I went to Huangshan in Anhui Province. The strange-shaped rocks and the sea of clouds were so amazing. I felt like I was in a traditional Chinese painting. Standing on the top, I clearly saw how small humans are. I told myself that I should never be proud. Nature has taught me to be modest (谦虚的). The next winter, I flew to Sanya in Hainan Province. The weather was warm and sunny, quite different from the cold north. I walked on the soft beach, watched the blue sea, and listened to the waves. Although I got a bit red from the sun, swimming in the sea was really relaxing. It felt like all my worries flew away. Nature brought me peace. During the National Day holiday, my family went to Dunhuang in Gansu Province. We visited the Mogao Caves, which are famous for ancient wall paintings. They opened my eyes and made my mind rich. Nature always encourages us to keep moving forward. Endless running rivers never slow down, and high mountains stand there all year round. They tell us to keep trying and be brave. This great spirit guides us to keep going in study and daily life. Now, I have a new plan for this winter. I want to visit the Ice and Snow World in Harbin. I believe every place has its own story to tell. And I want to be a listener and can’t wait to find out more. 46. When did the writer visit Huangshan? ___________________________________ 47. What did the writer see when standing on the top of Huangshan? ___________________________________ 48. How was the weather in Sanya when the writer went there? ___________________________________ 49. What are the Mogao Caves famous for? ___________________________________ 50. Which amazing place in China do you want to visit most? Why? ___________________________________ B．书面表达 51. 请根据要求完成短文写作，并将作文写在答题卡指定的位置。 暑期将至，怎样才能有意义地度过呢？请你写一篇短文，从生活，学习，活动三个方面给出你的建议。具体内容参考表格中的提示，也可适当发挥，使文章通顺，连贯。 注意： （1）可在表格中内容提示的基础上适当拓展信息。 （2）不能照抄原文，不得在作文中出现真实校名、地名和考生的真实姓名。 （3）语句连贯。词数 80 左右，作文的开头已经给出，不计入总词数，也不必抄写在答题卡上。 My advice on how to spend the summer holiday The summer holiday is coming soon. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】46. In her first summer vacation. 47. She clearly saw how small humans are. 48. It was warm and sunny. 49. They are famous for ancient wall paintings. 50. I want to visit the Great Wall most because it is a symbol of China and has a long history. 51. 例文： The summer holiday is coming soon. Here’s my advice on how to spend a meaningful holiday. First of all, in our daily life, it’s necessary for us to keep regular hours, help our parents do housework and eat healthy food. Secondly, as for learning, not only should we read extra-curricular books, but also we can review our lessons and learn a new skill. Last but not least, we should take part in various activities. We can do outdoor sports to keep fit, travel with our family to relax, and do some volunteer work to help others. I hope everyone can have a meaningful summer holiday. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了中学生Lily在假期游览中国几处自然奇观的经历和感悟，以及她对未来旅行的期待。 【46题详解】 根据第二段中“In my first summer vacation, I went to Huangshan in Anhui Province.”可知，作者是在她的第一个暑假去游览的黄山。 【47题详解】 根据第二段中“Standing on the top, I clearly saw how small humans are.”可知，作者站在山顶看到了人类的渺小。 【48题详解】 根据第三段中“The weather was warm and sunny, quite different from the cold north.”可知，作者去三亚时天气温暖晴朗。 【49题详解】 根据第四段中“We visited the Mogao Caves, which are famous for ancient wall paintings.”可知，莫高窟以古代壁画闻名。 【50题详解】 本题为开放性问题，要求写出最想去的中国名胜及原因，言之有理即可。 【51题详解】 写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：建议性说明文，用一般现在时和情态动词（should/can/had better）为主。 明确要点：围绕“如何度过有意义的暑假”展开，需涵盖生活（作息、家务等）、学习（阅读、复习等）、活动（运动、旅行等）三个方面。 确定人称：第一人称复数（we/us/our）或第二人称（you），文中以提出建议为主，常用 we 或 you。 注意事项：不得透露真实姓名和学校名称；词数80左右；语句连贯。 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：引入话题，表明暑假将至，提出给出建议的意图。 主体段：分层次阐述建议。 生活方面：规律作息、分担家务、健康饮食。 学习方面：坚持阅读、复习旧知、预习新课或学习新技能。 活动方面：体育锻炼、家庭旅行、社会实践/志愿者活动。 结尾段：总结全文，表达美好祝愿。 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：生活方面 规律作息：keep regular hours/stick to a healthy schedule/go to bed and get up early/develop a good living habit 做家务：help parents do housework/share housework with family members/do some cleaning or cooking/be a helper at home 健康饮食：eat healthy food/have a balanced diet/stay away from junk food 要点二： 学习方面 阅读：read extra-curricular books/do some reading every day/broaden our horizons by reading 复习/预习：review what we have learned/go over our lessons/prepare for the new term. 学新技能：learn a new skill/master a new language/improve ourselves 要点三：活动方面 户外运动：take part in outdoor sports/do exercise to keep fit/play basketball or swim 旅行：travel with family/visit places of interest/relax ourselves in nature 志愿者/其他：do volunteer work/take part in social activities/help people in need 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年第二学期八年级期末学习能力测试题 英 语 说明：1．全卷共8页，全卷满分为90分，考试用时为75分钟。 2．答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的班级、姓名和座位号填写在答题卡上。 3．选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试题上。 4．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 5．考生务必保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束时只交回答题卡。 一、语法选择。（本大题有10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后按照句子结构的语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 Learning about Hakka (客家) culture is really meaningful for middle school students. It is ____1____ useful part of our local traditional culture with a long history. Many students in our school show great love for Hakka culture. After class, they often stay together ____2____ talk about delicious Hakka food, ancient Hakka houses and interesting old customs happily. Look! Some students ____3____ a storybook about Hakka culture in the classroom now. Our head teacher tells us that we ____4____ try our best to learn and pass down such great local culture. ____5____ interest in traditional culture makes our school life rich and colorful. Most of these storybooks are in our ____6____ collections. We decide ____7____ a small culture club to learn more about Hakka culture together. ____8____ amazing Hakka culture is! There ____9____ more interesting activities about it in our school next term. Learning about Hakka culture helps us become more ____10____ and caring. It has a deep and positive influence on every student here, and we all hope these great traditions will last forever. 1. A. a B. an C. the 2. A. but B. and C. or 3. A. read B. are reading C. will read 4. A. must B. may C. could 5. A. We B. Our C. Ours 6. A. teachers B. teacher C. teacher’s 7. A. build B. building C. to build 8. A. How B. What C. What an 9. A. are B. were C. will be 10. A. politely B. polite C. politeness 二、完形填空。（本大题有10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从每题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 Once upon a time, a fisherman hired (雇佣) a young man to paint his old boat. While he was working, the young man noticed a small ____11____ in the bottom of the boat. He didn’t say anything about it to the fisherman. Instead, he just ____12____ it quietly by himself. After he finished the job, the young man received his pay and ____13____. A few weeks later, the fisherman suddenly ____14____ at the young man’s door. To the painter’s surprise, the old man handed him plenty of ____15____ again. The painter was confused and said, “Sir, you have already paid me for the painting.” The fisherman shook his head and replied, “This is not for the painting. It’s for ____16____ the hole. You see, I forgot to tell you about it. Later, my son took the boat out to sea. When I remembered the hole, I felt extremely ____17____. I tried to phone him, but there was no ____18____. I thought I had lost him forever! But luckily, because of your kindness, my son returned home ____19____. You didn’t just paint my boat; you saved my son’s ____20____.” Even a small act of kindness can make a huge difference in the world. 11. A. fish B. hole C. net D. box 12. A. mixed B. chose C. broke D. repaired 13. A. refused B. left C. shouted D. recommended 14. A. appeared B. continued C. organized D. pointed 15. A. paper B. money C. advice D. food 16. A. washing B. digging C. checking D. fixing 17. A. bored B. excited C. afraid D. tired 18. A. challenge B. difference C. answer D. intelligence 19. A. safely B. secretly C. simply D. seriously 20. A. work B. hobby C. dream D. life 三、阅读理解。（本大题有 15 小题，每小题 2 分，共 30 分） 阅读 A、B 两篇短文，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 A Each year, rainstorms with thunder make millions of bright flashes in the sky. Here is useful advice for you to keep away from danger. Look for shelter. No place outside is safe. When you hear thunder When you are caught (被困) outside ※ Move to a building or a car with windows closed. ※ Stay inside for at least 30 minutes after the last sound of thunder. ※ Avoid using machines connected with wires (电线) inside, such as telephones, computers and radios. However, mobile phones are safe to use inside. ※ Stay away from windows and doors. ▲Crouch (蹲) as low as possible. Stay far from the tallest things around you. ▲Cover your ears with your hands to protect your hearing. ▲Keep your heels (脚后跟) touching each other. This helps ground electricity go through one foot and out the other. ▲Only the front part of your feet should touch the ground. 21. Where should you go first when you hear thunder outside? A. A tall green tree. B. A building or a car. C. A wide open square. D. A quiet small river. 22. How long do you need to stay inside after the last thunder? A. For about ten minutes. B. For less than 20 minutes. C. For at least half an hour. D. For one whole hour. 23. Which of the following is safe to use indoors during a thunderstorm? A. A wired telephone. B. A personal computer. C. A wired radio. D. A mobile phone. 24. What should you do if you are caught outside in a thunderstorm? A. Stand near the tallest tree. B. Keep your heels far apart. C. Crouch low and cover your ears. D. Let your whole feet touch the ground. 25. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To explain why thunder happens. B. To talk about different kinds of thunderstorms. C. To show great views of lightning. D. To tell people how to stay safe from bright sky flashes. B For hundreds of years, the UK’s large blue butterflies lived only in the south. They could not survive in the colder north. But in recent years, scientists have seen them flying much farther north. This change has been shown by many studies, and climate change is the main reason. The UK’s average temperature has risen by about 1°C in the last 100 years. This small change has made the north warmer. Large blue butterflies need a special kind of grass to lay their eggs. This grass only grows well in temperatures above 15°C. Now, the north of the UK is warm enough for the grass to grow, and for the butterflies to live there. ____▲___. Local people in the north had never seen large blue butterflies all their lives. When the first ones arrived, many were surprised and even took photos to share online. Scientists are happy to see the change, but they also worry about what it means. If temperatures keep rising, the butterflies may keep moving north. What will happen if they run out of new homes? Climate change affects all kinds of animals and plants. Some animals and plants will move to new places to find better living conditions. Others may not be able to move fast enough and could disappear. The story of the large blue butterflies is just one example of how nature is changing with the weather. 26. Where is this passage most probably from? A. A fashion magazine. B. A science magazine. C. A travel guidebook. D. A storybook. 27. What does the underlined word “survive” in Paragraph 1 mean? A. Live. B. Move. C. Sleep. D. Fly. 28. At what temperature are large blue butterflies able to lay eggs according to the passage? A. B. C. D. 29. Which of the following can be put in “____▲___” in Paragraph 3? A. It was unusual for local people there B. Butterflies soon left the whole country C. This caused a lot of serious problems D. Many people took photos of them online 30. What is the best title for the passage? A. The History of Large Blue Butterflies B. How to Protect Large Blue Butterflies C. Different Kinds of Butterflies in the UK D. Climate Change Brings Butterflies to the UK North C 配对阅读。左栏是五个人的兴趣或需求，右栏是七个志愿服务项目。请为每个人选择最适合他们的志愿项目，并在答题卡上将对应选项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 ____31____ Tom: He loves animals very much and wants to do something to help them. He has free time on weekends. ____32____ Lily: She is good at singing and hopes to bring joy to others through her songs. She can volunteer on weekdays. ____33____ Jack: He is strong and good at fixing things. He wants to help those in need by using his skills. He is available on Saturdays. ____34____ Lucy: She likes children a lot and wishes to play with them and teach them some knowledge. She has time after school. ____35____ Bob: He is interested in history and wants to share his knowledge with the elderly. He can volunteer in the evenings. A. Sports Coaching for Kids: If you are good at sports, come to coach kids on weekends. B. Nursing Home Singers: Come and sing for the old people in the nursing home on weekdays. Your songs will make their days more colorful. C. Historical Knowledge Sharing for the Elderly: If you know a lot about history, come to share it with the elderly in the evenings. D. Children’s Library Volunteers: Help children in the library after school. You can read stories to them and teach them some simple knowledge. E. Community Repair Team: Are you good at fixing things? Join us on Saturdays to help repair broken things in the community. F. Beach Cleaning Project: We need volunteers to clean the beach on Sundays. It’s a great way to protect the environment. G. Animal Shelter Volunteers: We need volunteers to take care of homeless animals on weekends. You will feed them, clean their cages and play with them. 四、短文填空。（本大题有10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分） 请选择适当的词完成下面的短文，并把所缺单词填写在指定的位置上。每个空只能填写一个形式正确、意义相符的单词。（有两项是多余的） become experience recently when from excited different they though harm use in “Look in my eyes! Tell me why?” Have you noticed any “ancient character” speaking to you online ____36____? Some creative vloggers ____37____ AI technology to bring famous historical people, like the great poets Li Bai and Du Fu, back to life. These videos have ____38____ very popular because they let these people from the past speak in modern and funny language. In these videos, ancient experts or poets talk about their ____39____ and even joke about modern life. “These videos help me understand their lives better. I knew very little about ____40____ stories before,” said Wang Jiayi, a 15-year-old student. Such creative ways make many young people ____41____ about history. One user even said she now goes to the library whenever a topic catches her eyes. However, not everyone is happy. Some people feel embarrassed ____42____ the characters in the videos often talk and act wildly. “The ways they act are very ____43____ from how they really were in history,” explained another student. For example, a gentle poet may shout loudly in the videos, which is ____44____ to their image (形象). ____45____ a word, while these videos are a fun way to learn, we should make sure they also tell the truth about history. 五、读写综合（本大题分为A、B两部分，共25分） A．回答问题。 请阅读下面这篇文章，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。要求所写答案语法正确、语义完整，并把答案写在答题卡指定的位置。 The world is full of amazing natural wonders. They bring us beauty, power and deep thinking. All these stay with us for a long time. They make our mind and soul (灵魂) stronger. I’m Lily, a middle school student. I have visited many amazing places in China. In my first summer vacation, I went to Huangshan in Anhui Province. The strange-shaped rocks and the sea of clouds were so amazing. I felt like I was in a traditional Chinese painting. Standing on the top, I clearly saw how small humans are. I told myself that I should never be proud. Nature has taught me to be modest (谦虚的). The next winter, I flew to Sanya in Hainan Province. The weather was warm and sunny, quite different from the cold north. I walked on the soft beach, watched the blue sea, and listened to the waves. Although I got a bit red from the sun, swimming in the sea was really relaxing. It felt like all my worries flew away. Nature brought me peace. During the National Day holiday, my family went to Dunhuang in Gansu Province. We visited the Mogao Caves, which are famous for ancient wall paintings. They opened my eyes and made my mind rich. Nature always encourages us to keep moving forward. Endless running rivers never slow down, and high mountains stand there all year round. They tell us to keep trying and be brave. This great spirit guides us to keep going in study and daily life. Now, I have a new plan for this winter. I want to visit the Ice and Snow World in Harbin. I believe every place has its own story to tell. And I want to be a listener and can’t wait to find out more. 46. When did the writer visit Huangshan? ___________________________________ 47. What did the writer see when standing on the top of Huangshan? ___________________________________ 48. How was the weather in Sanya when the writer went there? ___________________________________ 49. What are the Mogao Caves famous for? ___________________________________ 50. Which amazing place in China do you want to visit most? Why? ___________________________________ B．书面表达 51. 请根据要求完成短文写作，并将作文写在答题卡指定的位置。 暑期将至，怎样才能有意义地度过呢？请你写一篇短文，从生活，学习，活动三个方面给出你的建议。具体内容参考表格中的提示，也可适当发挥，使文章通顺，连贯。 注意： （1）可在表格中内容提示的基础上适当拓展信息。 （2）不能照抄原文，不得在作文中出现真实校名、地名和考生的真实姓名。 （3）语句连贯。词数 80 左右，作文的开头已经给出，不计入总词数，也不必抄写在答题卡上。 My advice on how to spend the summer holiday The summer holiday is coming soon. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $