Unit 8 复习讲义 2026-2027学年人教版英语八年级上册

本初中英语讲义围绕“成为冠军”主题，系统梳理品质词汇（如confident、succeed）及词族拓展，聚焦情态动词（can/could、must/should等表能力、推测）和连系动词（感官类、状态变化类）用法，通过词汇、短语、语法分层练习构建从主题认知到语言应用的学习支架。 该资料以核心素养为导向，词族拓展（如confident→confidence）助力语言能力提升，情态动词推测用法辨析（must表肯定、can't表否定）培养思维品质，配套练习（词形转换、完形填空）兼顾课中教学与课后巩固，帮助学生夯实基础、查漏补缺，实现语言知识与积极态度的协同发展。

UNIT 8 / A Big Step Big Question: What makes a true champion? 📖 课文梳理 本单元围绕「成为冠军」这一主题展开，探讨一个人需要具备哪些品质才能成为真正的冠军。通过学习本单元，同学们将掌握情态动词和连系动词的用法，学会用英语描述个人品质和成功的关键因素。 结构：讨论什么是真正的冠军 -> 学习相关品质词汇 -> 掌握情态动词和连系动词的用法 -> 培养积极向上的人生态度。 📚 重点词汇（含词族拓展） Section A & Section B step /step/ n. 步骤；脚步 v. 迈步；踩 词族拓展：step (n./v.) -> stepladder (n. 梯子) 搭配：step by step 一步一步地 / take steps 采取步骤 The first step to success is hard work. 成功的第一步是努力。 Step by step, she became a champion. 一步一步地，她成为了冠军。 We should take steps to protect the environment. 我们应该采取措施保护环境。 challenge /ˈtʃælɪndʒ/ n. 挑战 v. 向……挑战 词族拓展：challenge (n./v.) -> challenging (adj. 有挑战性的) 搭配：face a challenge 面对挑战 / take on a challenge 接受挑战 Learning English is a big challenge for some people. 学英语对一些人来说是个大挑战。 He challenged me to a running race. 他向我发起了跑步比赛挑战。 This is a challenging task, but we can do it. 这是一个有挑战性的任务，但我们可以做到。 confident /ˈkɒnfɪdənt/ adj. 自信的；有信心的 词族拓展：confident (adj.) -> confidently (adv.) -> confidence (n. 自信；信心) 搭配：be confident about 对……有信心 / have confidence in 对……有信心 She is confident about winning the game. 她对自己赢得比赛有信心。 I have full confidence in our team. 我对我们团队充满信心。 He spoke confidently in front of the class. 他自信地在全班面前发言。 final /ˈfaɪnl/ adj. 最后的；最终的 n. 决赛 词族拓展：final (adj./n.) -> finally (adv. 最后) -> finalize (v. 最终确定) 搭配：the final game 决赛 / final exam 期末考试 / finally 最后 This is the final step of the project. 这是项目的最后一步。 Our team made it to the final. 我们队进入了决赛。 Finally, she achieved her goal. 最后，她实现了自己的目标。 form /fɔːm/ n. 形式；表格 v. 形成；组成 词族拓展：form (n./v.) -> formation (n. 形成) -> reform (v. 改革) 搭配：in the form of 以……的形式 / fill in a form 填表格 Water can take the form of ice or steam. 水可以以冰或水蒸气的形式存在。 They formed a basketball team last year. 他们去年组建了一支篮球队。 Please fill in this form with your personal information. 请填写这张表格的个人信息。 relationship /rɪˈleɪʃnʃɪp/ n. 关系；联系 词族拓展：relation (n. 关系) -> relationship (n.) -> relative (n. 亲戚) 搭配：build a relationship 建立关系 / have a good relationship with 与……关系好 Teamwork is about building good relationships. 团队合作就是建立良好关系。 She has a close relationship with her coach. 她和教练关系很密切。 Good relationships are important for success. 良好的关系对成功很重要。 public /ˈpʌblɪk/ adj. 公共的；公开的 n. 公众 词族拓展：public (adj./n.) -> publicly (adv.) -> publish (v. 出版；发表) 搭配：in public 公开地 / public transport 公共交通 / public school 公立学校 He is afraid to speak in public. 他害怕在公众面前讲话。 We should use public transport to protect the environment. 我们应该使用公共交通来保护环境。 The book was published last year. 这本书是去年出版的。 medical /ˈmedɪkl/ adj. 医学的；医疗的 词族拓展：medicine (n. 药；医学) -> medical (adj.) -> medic (n. 医护人员) 搭配：medical care 医疗护理 / medical research 医学研究 / medical student 医学生 She is studying at a medical school. 她在一所医学院学习。 Medical technology has improved a lot. 医疗技术已经改善了很多。 Take this medicine three times a day. 这药一天吃三次。 industry /ˈɪndəstri/ n. 工业；产业；行业 词族拓展：industry (n.) -> industrial (adj. 工业的) -> industrialize (v. 工业化) 搭配：the film industry 电影业 / industrial revolution 工业革命 China has a strong manufacturing industry. 中国有强大的制造业。 The industrial area is developing fast. 工业区发展很快。 Many countries are becoming industrialized. 很多国家正在工业化。 task /tɑːsk/ n. 任务；工作 搭配：carry out a task 执行任务 / complete a task 完成任务 This task is very difficult but important. 这个任务非常困难但很重要。 The team completed the task ahead of time. 团队提前完成了任务。 Our first task is to build a plan. 我们的第一个任务是制定计划。 depend /dɪˈpend/ v. 依赖；取决于 词族拓展：depend (v.) -> dependent (adj. 依赖的) -> independent (adj. 独立的) -> dependence (n. 依赖) 搭配：depend on/upon 取决于；依赖 / That depends. 视情况而定。 Success depends on hard work. 成功取决于努力。 Children depend on their parents for food and shelter. 孩子们依赖父母提供食物和住所。 She is very independent and can take care of herself. 她很独立，能照顾自己。 succeed /səkˈsiːd/ v. 成功；做成 词族拓展：succeed (v.) -> success (n. 成功) -> successful (adj. 成功的) -> successfully (adv.) 搭配：succeed in doing sth 成功做某事 If you work hard, you will succeed. 如果你努力，你就会成功。 He succeeded in passing the exam. 他成功通过了考试。 She is a successful businesswoman. 她是一位成功的女商人。 achieve /əˈtʃiːv/ v. 实现；取得；达到 词族拓展：achieve (v.) -> achievement (n. 成就；功绩) -> achievable (adj. 可实现的) 搭配：achieve one's goal 实现目标 / achieve success 获得成功 You can achieve anything if you believe in yourself. 如果你相信自己，你可以实现任何事情。 Winning the gold medal was a great achievement. 赢得金牌是一个巨大的成就。 Set achievable goals for yourself. 为自己设定可实现的目标。 goal /ɡəʊl/ n. 目标；目的；球门 搭配：achieve one's goal 实现目标 / set a goal 设定目标 / score a goal 进球 My goal is to become a doctor. 我的目标是成为一名医生。 He scored a goal in the final match. 他在决赛中进了一个球。 Set a goal and work hard to achieve it. 设定目标并努力实现它。 step /step/ n./v. 步骤；脚步；迈步 词族拓展：step (n./v.) → footstep (n. 脚步声) 搭配：step by step 一步步地 / take steps 采取措施 / watch one's step 小心走路 The first step to success is believing in yourself. 成功的第一步是相信你自己。 challenge /ˈtʃælɪndʒ/ n./v. 挑战 词族拓展：challenge (n./v.) → challenging (adj. 具有挑战性的) 搭配：face a challenge 面对挑战 / challenge sb to sth 向某人挑战 Every challenge is an opportunity to grow. 每个挑战都是成长的机会。 confident /ˈkɒnfɪdənt/ adj. 自信的；有信心的 词族拓展：confidence (n. 自信) → confidently (adv. 自信地) 搭配：be confident about 对……有信心 / be confident that... 确信…… She is confident about passing the exam. 她对通过考试有信心。 final /ˈfaɪnl/ adj./n. 最终的；决赛 词族拓展：finally (adv. 最后；终于) → finalize (v. 最终确定) 搭配：final exam 期末考试 / final decision 最终决定 This is the final step of the project. 这是项目的最后一步。 form /fɔːm/ v./n. 形成；形式 词族拓展：form (v./n.) → formation (n. 形成) → reform (v./n. 改革) 用法：form a habit 养成习惯 / in the form of 以……的形式 It takes time to form a good habit. 养成一个好习惯需要时间。 relationship /rɪˈleɪʃnʃɪp/ n. 关系；联系 词族拓展：relation (n. 关系) → relationship (n.) → relative (n. 亲戚) 搭配：build a relationship 建立关系 / have a good relationship with sb 与某人有良好的关系 A good relationship with others is important. 与他人保持良好的关系很重要。 public /ˈpʌblɪk/ adj./n. 公共的；公众 词族拓展：publicly (adv. 公开地) → publication (n. 出版) 搭配：in public 公开地 / public transportation 公共交通 / public school 公立学校 You shouldn't speak loudly in public places. 你不应该在公共场所大声说话。 medical /ˈmedɪkl/ adj. 医学的；医疗的 词族拓展：medicine (n. 药；医学) → medical (adj.) → medically (adv.) 搭配：medical care 医疗保健 / medical treatment 医疗 / medical team 医疗队 The medical team saved many lives. 医疗队挽救了许多生命。 industry /ˈɪndəstri/ n. 工业；产业 词族拓展：industrial (adj. 工业的) → industrialize (v. 使工业化) 搭配：heavy industry 重工业 / the film industry 电影产业 / service industry 服务业 The technology industry is growing fast. 科技产业正在快速发展。 task /tɑːsk/ n. 任务；工作 搭配：complete a task 完成任务 / daily task 日常任务 / task force 特别工作组 Finishing this task requires teamwork. 完成这项任务需要团队合作。 depend /dɪˈpend/ v. 依靠；取决于 词族拓展：depend (v.) → dependent (adj. 依赖的) → dependence (n. 依赖) → independent (adj. 独立的) 搭配：depend on/upon 依靠；取决于 / That depends. 视情况而定。 Whether we succeed depends on how hard we work. 我们能否成功取决于我们有多努力。 succeed /səkˈsiːd/ v. 成功 词族拓展：succeed (v.) → success (n.) → successful (adj.) → successfully (adv.) 搭配：succeed in doing sth 成功做某事 If you never give up, you will succeed one day. 如果你永不放弃，总有一天你会成功。 achieve /əˈtʃiːv/ v. 实现；达到 词族拓展：achieve (v.) → achievement (n. 成就) 搭配：achieve one's goal 实现目标 / achieve success 获得成功 She worked hard to achieve her dream. 她努力工作以实现自己的梦想。 goal /ɡəʊl/ n. 目标；球门 搭配：achieve/reach a goal 实现目标 / set a goal 设定目标 / life goal 人生目标 You should set a clear goal for yourself. 你应该给自己设定一个清晰的目标。 ✏词汇配套练习 📝 练习一：用所给词的适当形式填空（词形转换） 1. Facing _____ (challenge) tasks helps us grow stronger. 2. She answered all the questions _____ (confident). 3. _____ (final), they won the championship after years of hard work. 4. Good _____ (relate) with others are important for success. 5. The _____ (medicine) team worked hard to save the patient. 6. China has become more and more _____ (industry). 7. His _____ (depend) on his parents is too heavy. 8. _____ (succeed) people never give up easily. 📝 练习二：选词填空 step challenge confident achieve depend succeed goal task 1. The first _____ to success is to believe in yourself. 2. Every _____ in life helps us become stronger. 3. She is _____ about her ability to win the game. 4. You need to work hard to _____ your dream. 5. Whether we win or not _____ on how well we prepare. 6. If you never give up, you will _____ one day. 7. My _____ is to run a marathon next year. 8. Completing this _____ requires teamwork. 🔗 重点短语（含详解） depend on 取决于；依赖 表示某事物受另一事物影响，或依靠某人/某物。注意：depend on 后面接名词、代词或动名词。 Your success depends on how hard you work. 你的成功取决于你有多努力。 We cannot depend on others all the time. 我们不能一直依赖别人。 Whether we go or not depends on the weather. 我们去不去取决于天气。 achieve one's goal 实现某人的目标 表示通过努力达到预定目标。同义短语：reach one's goal / realize one's dream。 She achieved her goal of becoming a doctor. 她实现了成为医生的目标。 Keep working hard and you will achieve your goal. 继续努力，你会实现目标的。 give up 放弃 后接名词或动名词（give up doing sth 放弃做某事）。注意代词作宾语时放在中间：give it up。 Never give up, and you will succeed one day. 永远不要放弃，总有一天你会成功的。 He gave up smoking for his health. 他为健康戒烟了。 Don't give up hope. Things will get better. 不要放弃希望，情况会好起来的。 be confident about 对……有信心 后接名词或动名词，表示对某事物有信心。同义短语：have confidence in。 She is confident about passing the exam. 她对通过考试有信心。 I am confident about our team's ability to win. 我对我们队伍的获胜能力有信心。 succeed in 在……方面成功；成功做某事 后接名词或动名词。注意：succeed in doing sth = manage to do sth（成功做成某事）。 He succeeded in finishing the marathon. 他成功跑完了马拉松。 She succeeded in her career through hard work. 她通过努力在事业上取得了成功。 step by step 一步一步地；逐步地 作状语，表示渐进地、按部就班地。类似结构：little by little / day by day / one by one。 Learn English step by step, and you will make progress. 一步一步学英语，你会进步的。 Step by step, she became a champion swimmer. 一步一步地，她成为了游泳冠军。 believe in 相信；信任；信仰 believe in 表示信任某人/某事物（的品质、能力、存在），而 believe sb 表示相信某人说的话。 You must believe in yourself before others believe in you. 你必须先相信自己，别人才会相信你。 I believe in the power of hard work. 我相信努力的力量。 I believe what he said. 我相信他说的话。 ✏短语配套练习 📝 练习三：用方框中短语的适当形式填空 depend on achieve one's goal give up be confident about succeed in step by step believe in 1. You should always _____ yourself. 2. Never _____ no matter how difficult it is. 3. Whether you can win the game _____ how much you practise. 4. She worked hard and finally _____ becoming a doctor. 5. You need to learn this skill _____. 6. If you keep going, you will _____ one day. 7. He _____ his ability to finish the race. 8. The team _____ their goal of winning the championship. 📐 语法精讲 + 配套练习 一、情态动词（Modal Verbs） 情态动词表示说话人的语气和态度，如能力、可能、必要、建议等。情态动词后面必须跟动词原形，没有人称和数的变化。 1. can / could（能力；允许；可能性） can 表示现在的能力或允许，could 是 can 的过去式，表示过去的能力或更委婉的请求。 I can run very fast. 我能跑得非常快。 Can I use your pen? 我可以用你的钢笔吗？ She could swim when she was five. 她五岁时就会游泳了。 Could you help me, please? 请问你能帮我吗？（更委婉） 注意：can't 表示"不可能"，常用于否定推测。That can't be true. 那不可能是真的。 2. may / might（可能性；允许） may 表示可能性或请求允许，might 语气更弱，可能性更小。 It may rain tomorrow. 明天可能会下雨。 May I come in? 我可以进来吗？ She might come to the party, but she is not sure. 她可能会来聚会，但她不确定。 注意：may not = 可能不；might not = 或许不（可能性更低） 3. must（必须；一定） must 表示主观上的义务或必要性，语气强烈。否定形式 mustn't 表示"禁止"。 We must finish the work before Friday. 我们必须在周五前完成工作。 You mustn't smoke in the hospital. 禁止在医院吸烟。 注意：must 表示推测时意为"一定"—— He must be at home. 他一定在家。 4. should（应该） should 表示建议、义务或预期，相当于"应该"。否定形式 shouldn't。 You should practise more if you want to win. 如果你想赢，就应该多练习。 We should respect our teachers. 我们应该尊敬老师。 You shouldn't give up easily. 你不应该轻易放弃。 5. must 与 have to 的区别 must 表示主观上的"必须"（说话人觉得必要）；have to 表示客观上的"不得不"（外界条件迫使）。 I must finish my homework. 我必须完成作业。（自己觉得重要） I have to wear a uniform at school. 我在学校不得不穿校服。（学校规定） 注意：must 没有过去式，过去式中用 had to。 6. 情态动词表推测的用法（中考高频考点） 肯定推测：must（一定） > can（可能） > may（可能） > might（或许） 否定推测：can't（不可能） > may not（可能不） > might not（或许不） He must be a doctor. 他一定是医生。（非常肯定） The news can't be true. 那不可能是真的。 She may be at home. 她可能在家。 二、连系动词（Linking Verbs） 连系动词用于连接主语和表语，表示主语的状态、特征或身份。连系动词后接形容词（作表语），不接副词。 常用的连系动词： （1）感官类：look（看起来）/ sound（听起来）/ taste（尝起来）/ smell（闻起来）/ feel（感觉） You look tired today. 你今天看起来很累。 The music sounds beautiful. 这音乐听起来很美。 The soup tastes delicious. 这汤尝起来很美味。 The flowers smell sweet. 这些花闻起来很香。 I feel happy when I help others. 当帮助别人时，我感到快乐。 （2）状态变化类：become（变得）/ get（变得）/ turn（变得）/ grow（渐渐变得） She became a successful writer. 她成了一位成功的作家。 The weather gets colder in autumn. 秋天天气变冷了。 The leaves turn yellow in autumn. 秋天叶子变黄了。 （3）状态保持类：keep（保持）/ stay（保持）/ remain（仍然） Keep healthy by exercising every day. 每天运动以保持健康。 We should stay calm in danger. 在危险中我们应该保持冷静。 注意（高频考点）： 感官连系动词 + like + 名词：It looks like a cat. 它看起来像一只猫。 感官连系动词 + as if/as though + 从句：It sounds as if someone is crying. 听起来好像有人在哭。 连系动词没有被动语态：Good smells good.（不能说 is smelt good） 有些动词既可作连系动词也可作实义动词，注意区分： He looks happy.（连系动词，看起来） vs. He looks at the blackboard.（实义动词，看） I feel cold.（连系动词，感觉） vs. I feel the soft cloth.（实义动词，触摸） 📝 练习四：用适当的情态动词填空（can/could/may/might/must/should） 1. You _____ brush your teeth before going to bed. 2. _____ I use your dictionary? - Of course, here you are. 3. That _____ be true because I saw it with my own eyes. 4. You _____ cross the street when the traffic light is red. 5. She _____ speak three languages when she was young. 6. We _____ finish the project by Friday. It's our deadline. 7. It _____ rain later, so take an umbrella. 8. Students _____ listen carefully in class. 9. _____ you help me carry this heavy box? 10. He _____ be at home. I can see the light in his room. 11. You _____ eat too much junk food. It's bad for your health. 12. I _____ find my keys. I think I left them at home. 📝 练习五：用所给连系动词的适当形式填空 1. The cake _____ (taste) very sweet. I love it! 2. You _____ (look) tired. You should rest. 3. The music _____ (sound) beautiful. What is it? 4. The flowers _____ (smell) wonderful in spring. 5. She _____ (feel) happy when she helps others. 6. The weather _____ (get) colder and colder now. 7. The leaves _____ (turn) yellow in autumn. 8. He _____ (become) a successful businessman last year. 9. We should _____ (keep) our classroom clean. 10. The soup _____ (taste) too salty. 11. The story _____ (sound) interesting. Tell me more. 12. She _____ (feel) very nervous before the speech. 📋 Unit 8 综合训练 一、单项选择（共15题） 1. You _____ give up when you face difficulties. A. should B. shouldn't C. must D. can 2. She _____ swim when she was only five years old. A. can B. could C. may D. must 3. The soup _____ very delicious. Would you like some? A. is tasting B. tastes C. taste D. is tasted 4. You _____ finish your homework before you watch TV. A. may B. might C. should D. can 5. That _____ be Tom. I saw him leave an hour ago. A. must B. can't C. may D. mustn't 6. _____ I come in? - Yes, please. A. Must B. May C. Should D. Need 7. The flowers _____ sweet when spring comes. A. are smelling B. smell C. is smelt D. smells 8. You _____ smoke in the hospital. It's not allowed. A. must B. mustn't C. may D. can 9. He looks very _____. He must have won the game. A. happily B. happy C. happiness D. happier 10. We _____ respect our parents and teachers. A. would B. could C. should D. might 11. The music _____ as if someone is crying. A. sounds B. is sounding C. sounded D. sound 12. I _____ finish the work yesterday because I was ill. A. mustn't B. couldn't C. may not D. shouldn't 13. You look tired. You _____ take a rest. A. would B. might C. should D. could 14. A true champion never _____ in the face of difficulties. A. gives up B. give up C. gave up D. giving up 15. Success _____ on how hard you work. A. depend B. depends C. depending D. depended 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空（共15题） 1. The first _____ (step) to success is to set a clear goal. 2. This math problem is very _____ (challenge). 3. She answered the question _____ (confident). 4. The _____ (finally) match was very exciting. 5. We need to build good _____ (relation) with others. 6. He is afraid to speak in _____ (public). 7. She wants to study at a _____ (medicine) school. 8. The _____ (industry) revolution changed the world. 9. Children _____ (depend) on their parents for support. 10. She _____ (success) in passing the driving test. 11. He _____ (achieve) his goal of becoming a pilot last year. 12. You should _____ (confidence) about your ability. 13. A true champion never _____ (give) up easily. 14. The cake _____ (taste) very sweet. Did you add too much sugar? 15. You _____ (must) not smoke here. It's against the rules. 三、完形填空（共8题） What makes a true champion? A champion is not just someone who wins a game. A true champion 1_____ special qualities that help them succeed. First, a champion is confident. They believe 2_____ themselves and never give up when facing challenges. They know that every 3_____ forward brings them closer to their goal. Second, a champion knows how to work with others. Good 4_____ are important for success. Champions 5_____ on their teammates and support each other. Third, a champion 6_____ learning. They see every failure as a 7_____ to grow. They keep trying until they 8_____ their goal. So, are you ready to take your first step towards becoming a champion? 1. A. have B. has C. having D. had 2. A. at B. on C. in D. for 3. A. step B. steps C. stepping D. stepped 4. A. relation B. relationships C. relate D. related 5. A. depend B. depends C. depended D. depending 6. A. loves B. loved C. is loving D. was loving 7. A. challenge B. chance C. change D. champion 8. A. achieve B. achieving C. achieved D. will achieve 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ UNIT 8 / A Big Step Big Question: What makes a true champion? 📖 课文梳理 本单元围绕「成为冠军」这一主题展开，探讨一个人需要具备哪些品质才能成为真正的冠军。通过学习本单元，同学们将掌握情态动词和连系动词的用法，学会用英语描述个人品质和成功的关键因素。 结构：讨论什么是真正的冠军 -> 学习相关品质词汇 -> 掌握情态动词和连系动词的用法 -> 培养积极向上的人生态度。 📚 重点词汇（含词族拓展） Section A & Section B step /step/ n. 步骤；脚步 v. 迈步；踩 词族拓展：step (n./v.) -> stepladder (n. 梯子) 搭配：step by step 一步一步地 / take steps 采取步骤 The first step to success is hard work. 成功的第一步是努力。 Step by step, she became a champion. 一步一步地，她成为了冠军。 We should take steps to protect the environment. 我们应该采取措施保护环境。 challenge /ˈtʃælɪndʒ/ n. 挑战 v. 向……挑战 词族拓展：challenge (n./v.) -> challenging (adj. 有挑战性的) 搭配：face a challenge 面对挑战 / take on a challenge 接受挑战 Learning English is a big challenge for some people. 学英语对一些人来说是个大挑战。 He challenged me to a running race. 他向我发起了跑步比赛挑战。 This is a challenging task, but we can do it. 这是一个有挑战性的任务，但我们可以做到。 confident /ˈkɒnfɪdənt/ adj. 自信的；有信心的 词族拓展：confident (adj.) -> confidently (adv.) -> confidence (n. 自信；信心) 搭配：be confident about 对……有信心 / have confidence in 对……有信心 She is confident about winning the game. 她对自己赢得比赛有信心。 I have full confidence in our team. 我对我们团队充满信心。 He spoke confidently in front of the class. 他自信地在全班面前发言。 final /ˈfaɪnl/ adj. 最后的；最终的 n. 决赛 词族拓展：final (adj./n.) -> finally (adv. 最后) -> finalize (v. 最终确定) 搭配：the final game 决赛 / final exam 期末考试 / finally 最后 This is the final step of the project. 这是项目的最后一步。 Our team made it to the final. 我们队进入了决赛。 Finally, she achieved her goal. 最后，她实现了自己的目标。 form /fɔːm/ n. 形式；表格 v. 形成；组成 词族拓展：form (n./v.) -> formation (n. 形成) -> reform (v. 改革) 搭配：in the form of 以……的形式 / fill in a form 填表格 Water can take the form of ice or steam. 水可以以冰或水蒸气的形式存在。 They formed a basketball team last year. 他们去年组建了一支篮球队。 Please fill in this form with your personal information. 请填写这张表格的个人信息。 relationship /rɪˈleɪʃnʃɪp/ n. 关系；联系 词族拓展：relation (n. 关系) -> relationship (n.) -> relative (n. 亲戚) 搭配：build a relationship 建立关系 / have a good relationship with 与……关系好 Teamwork is about building good relationships. 团队合作就是建立良好关系。 She has a close relationship with her coach. 她和教练关系很密切。 Good relationships are important for success. 良好的关系对成功很重要。 public /ˈpʌblɪk/ adj. 公共的；公开的 n. 公众 词族拓展：public (adj./n.) -> publicly (adv.) -> publish (v. 出版；发表) 搭配：in public 公开地 / public transport 公共交通 / public school 公立学校 He is afraid to speak in public. 他害怕在公众面前讲话。 We should use public transport to protect the environment. 我们应该使用公共交通来保护环境。 The book was published last year. 这本书是去年出版的。 medical /ˈmedɪkl/ adj. 医学的；医疗的 词族拓展：medicine (n. 药；医学) -> medical (adj.) -> medic (n. 医护人员) 搭配：medical care 医疗护理 / medical research 医学研究 / medical student 医学生 She is studying at a medical school. 她在一所医学院学习。 Medical technology has improved a lot. 医疗技术已经改善了很多。 Take this medicine three times a day. 这药一天吃三次。 industry /ˈɪndəstri/ n. 工业；产业；行业 词族拓展：industry (n.) -> industrial (adj. 工业的) -> industrialize (v. 工业化) 搭配：the film industry 电影业 / industrial revolution 工业革命 China has a strong manufacturing industry. 中国有强大的制造业。 The industrial area is developing fast. 工业区发展很快。 Many countries are becoming industrialized. 很多国家正在工业化。 task /tɑːsk/ n. 任务；工作 搭配：carry out a task 执行任务 / complete a task 完成任务 This task is very difficult but important. 这个任务非常困难但很重要。 The team completed the task ahead of time. 团队提前完成了任务。 Our first task is to build a plan. 我们的第一个任务是制定计划。 depend /dɪˈpend/ v. 依赖；取决于 词族拓展：depend (v.) -> dependent (adj. 依赖的) -> independent (adj. 独立的) -> dependence (n. 依赖) 搭配：depend on/upon 取决于；依赖 / That depends. 视情况而定。 Success depends on hard work. 成功取决于努力。 Children depend on their parents for food and shelter. 孩子们依赖父母提供食物和住所。 She is very independent and can take care of herself. 她很独立，能照顾自己。 succeed /səkˈsiːd/ v. 成功；做成 词族拓展：succeed (v.) -> success (n. 成功) -> successful (adj. 成功的) -> successfully (adv.) 搭配：succeed in doing sth 成功做某事 If you work hard, you will succeed. 如果你努力，你就会成功。 He succeeded in passing the exam. 他成功通过了考试。 She is a successful businesswoman. 她是一位成功的女商人。 achieve /əˈtʃiːv/ v. 实现；取得；达到 词族拓展：achieve (v.) -> achievement (n. 成就；功绩) -> achievable (adj. 可实现的) 搭配：achieve one's goal 实现目标 / achieve success 获得成功 You can achieve anything if you believe in yourself. 如果你相信自己，你可以实现任何事情。 Winning the gold medal was a great achievement. 赢得金牌是一个巨大的成就。 Set achievable goals for yourself. 为自己设定可实现的目标。 goal /ɡəʊl/ n. 目标；目的；球门 搭配：achieve one's goal 实现目标 / set a goal 设定目标 / score a goal 进球 My goal is to become a doctor. 我的目标是成为一名医生。 He scored a goal in the final match. 他在决赛中进了一个球。 Set a goal and work hard to achieve it. 设定目标并努力实现它。 step /step/ n./v. 步骤；脚步；迈步 词族拓展：step (n./v.) → footstep (n. 脚步声) 搭配：step by step 一步步地 / take steps 采取措施 / watch one's step 小心走路 The first step to success is believing in yourself. 成功的第一步是相信你自己。 challenge /ˈtʃælɪndʒ/ n./v. 挑战 词族拓展：challenge (n./v.) → challenging (adj. 具有挑战性的) 搭配：face a challenge 面对挑战 / challenge sb to sth 向某人挑战 Every challenge is an opportunity to grow. 每个挑战都是成长的机会。 confident /ˈkɒnfɪdənt/ adj. 自信的；有信心的 词族拓展：confidence (n. 自信) → confidently (adv. 自信地) 搭配：be confident about 对……有信心 / be confident that... 确信…… She is confident about passing the exam. 她对通过考试有信心。 final /ˈfaɪnl/ adj./n. 最终的；决赛 词族拓展：finally (adv. 最后；终于) → finalize (v. 最终确定) 搭配：final exam 期末考试 / final decision 最终决定 This is the final step of the project. 这是项目的最后一步。 form /fɔːm/ v./n. 形成；形式 词族拓展：form (v./n.) → formation (n. 形成) → reform (v./n. 改革) 用法：form a habit 养成习惯 / in the form of 以……的形式 It takes time to form a good habit. 养成一个好习惯需要时间。 relationship /rɪˈleɪʃnʃɪp/ n. 关系；联系 词族拓展：relation (n. 关系) → relationship (n.) → relative (n. 亲戚) 搭配：build a relationship 建立关系 / have a good relationship with sb 与某人有良好的关系 A good relationship with others is important. 与他人保持良好的关系很重要。 public /ˈpʌblɪk/ adj./n. 公共的；公众 词族拓展：publicly (adv. 公开地) → publication (n. 出版) 搭配：in public 公开地 / public transportation 公共交通 / public school 公立学校 You shouldn't speak loudly in public places. 你不应该在公共场所大声说话。 medical /ˈmedɪkl/ adj. 医学的；医疗的 词族拓展：medicine (n. 药；医学) → medical (adj.) → medically (adv.) 搭配：medical care 医疗保健 / medical treatment 医疗 / medical team 医疗队 The medical team saved many lives. 医疗队挽救了许多生命。 industry /ˈɪndəstri/ n. 工业；产业 词族拓展：industrial (adj. 工业的) → industrialize (v. 使工业化) 搭配：heavy industry 重工业 / the film industry 电影产业 / service industry 服务业 The technology industry is growing fast. 科技产业正在快速发展。 task /tɑːsk/ n. 任务；工作 搭配：complete a task 完成任务 / daily task 日常任务 / task force 特别工作组 Finishing this task requires teamwork. 完成这项任务需要团队合作。 depend /dɪˈpend/ v. 依靠；取决于 词族拓展：depend (v.) → dependent (adj. 依赖的) → dependence (n. 依赖) → independent (adj. 独立的) 搭配：depend on/upon 依靠；取决于 / That depends. 视情况而定。 Whether we succeed depends on how hard we work. 我们能否成功取决于我们有多努力。 succeed /səkˈsiːd/ v. 成功 词族拓展：succeed (v.) → success (n.) → successful (adj.) → successfully (adv.) 搭配：succeed in doing sth 成功做某事 If you never give up, you will succeed one day. 如果你永不放弃，总有一天你会成功。 achieve /əˈtʃiːv/ v. 实现；达到 词族拓展：achieve (v.) → achievement (n. 成就) 搭配：achieve one's goal 实现目标 / achieve success 获得成功 She worked hard to achieve her dream. 她努力工作以实现自己的梦想。 goal /ɡəʊl/ n. 目标；球门 搭配：achieve/reach a goal 实现目标 / set a goal 设定目标 / life goal 人生目标 You should set a clear goal for yourself. 你应该给自己设定一个清晰的目标。 ✏词汇配套练习 📝 练习一：用所给词的适当形式填空（词形转换） 1. Facing _____ (challenge) tasks helps us grow stronger. 2. She answered all the questions _____ (confident). 3. _____ (final), they won the championship after years of hard work. 4. Good _____ (relate) with others are important for success. 5. The _____ (medicine) team worked hard to save the patient. 6. China has become more and more _____ (industry). 7. His _____ (depend) on his parents is too heavy. 8. _____ (succeed) people never give up easily. 【参考答案】 1. challenging 2. confidently 3. Finally 4. relationships 5. medical 6. industrialized 7. dependence 8. Successful 📝 练习二：选词填空 step challenge confident achieve depend succeed goal task 1. The first _____ to success is to believe in yourself. 2. Every _____ in life helps us become stronger. 3. She is _____ about her ability to win the game. 4. You need to work hard to _____ your dream. 5. Whether we win or not _____ on how well we prepare. 6. If you never give up, you will _____ one day. 7. My _____ is to run a marathon next year. 8. Completing this _____ requires teamwork. 【参考答案】 1. step 2. challenge 3. confident 4. achieve 5. depends 6. succeed 7. goal 8. task 🔗 重点短语（含详解） depend on 取决于；依赖 表示某事物受另一事物影响，或依靠某人/某物。注意：depend on 后面接名词、代词或动名词。 Your success depends on how hard you work. 你的成功取决于你有多努力。 We cannot depend on others all the time. 我们不能一直依赖别人。 Whether we go or not depends on the weather. 我们去不去取决于天气。 achieve one's goal 实现某人的目标 表示通过努力达到预定目标。同义短语：reach one's goal / realize one's dream。 She achieved her goal of becoming a doctor. 她实现了成为医生的目标。 Keep working hard and you will achieve your goal. 继续努力，你会实现目标的。 give up 放弃 后接名词或动名词（give up doing sth 放弃做某事）。注意代词作宾语时放在中间：give it up。 Never give up, and you will succeed one day. 永远不要放弃，总有一天你会成功的。 He gave up smoking for his health. 他为健康戒烟了。 Don't give up hope. Things will get better. 不要放弃希望，情况会好起来的。 be confident about 对……有信心 后接名词或动名词，表示对某事物有信心。同义短语：have confidence in。 She is confident about passing the exam. 她对通过考试有信心。 I am confident about our team's ability to win. 我对我们队伍的获胜能力有信心。 succeed in 在……方面成功；成功做某事 后接名词或动名词。注意：succeed in doing sth = manage to do sth（成功做成某事）。 He succeeded in finishing the marathon. 他成功跑完了马拉松。 She succeeded in her career through hard work. 她通过努力在事业上取得了成功。 step by step 一步一步地；逐步地 作状语，表示渐进地、按部就班地。类似结构：little by little / day by day / one by one。 Learn English step by step, and you will make progress. 一步一步学英语，你会进步的。 Step by step, she became a champion swimmer. 一步一步地，她成为了游泳冠军。 believe in 相信；信任；信仰 believe in 表示信任某人/某事物（的品质、能力、存在），而 believe sb 表示相信某人说的话。 You must believe in yourself before others believe in you. 你必须先相信自己，别人才会相信你。 I believe in the power of hard work. 我相信努力的力量。 I believe what he said. 我相信他说的话。 ✏短语配套练习 📝 练习三：用方框中短语的适当形式填空 depend on achieve one's goal give up be confident about succeed in step by step believe in 1. You should always _____ yourself. 2. Never _____ no matter how difficult it is. 3. Whether you can win the game _____ how much you practise. 4. She worked hard and finally _____ becoming a doctor. 5. You need to learn this skill _____. 6. If you keep going, you will _____ one day. 7. He _____ his ability to finish the race. 8. The team _____ their goal of winning the championship. 【参考答案】 1. believe in 2. give up 3. depends on 4. succeeded in 5. step by step 6. achieve your goal 7. is confident about 8. achieved 📐 语法精讲 + 配套练习 一、情态动词（Modal Verbs） 情态动词表示说话人的语气和态度，如能力、可能、必要、建议等。情态动词后面必须跟动词原形，没有人称和数的变化。 1. can / could（能力；允许；可能性） can 表示现在的能力或允许，could 是 can 的过去式，表示过去的能力或更委婉的请求。 I can run very fast. 我能跑得非常快。 Can I use your pen? 我可以用你的钢笔吗？ She could swim when she was five. 她五岁时就会游泳了。 Could you help me, please? 请问你能帮我吗？（更委婉） 注意：can't 表示"不可能"，常用于否定推测。That can't be true. 那不可能是真的。 2. may / might（可能性；允许） may 表示可能性或请求允许，might 语气更弱，可能性更小。 It may rain tomorrow. 明天可能会下雨。 May I come in? 我可以进来吗？ She might come to the party, but she is not sure. 她可能会来聚会，但她不确定。 注意：may not = 可能不；might not = 或许不（可能性更低） 3. must（必须；一定） must 表示主观上的义务或必要性，语气强烈。否定形式 mustn't 表示"禁止"。 We must finish the work before Friday. 我们必须在周五前完成工作。 You mustn't smoke in the hospital. 禁止在医院吸烟。 注意：must 表示推测时意为"一定"—— He must be at home. 他一定在家。 4. should（应该） should 表示建议、义务或预期，相当于"应该"。否定形式 shouldn't。 You should practise more if you want to win. 如果你想赢，就应该多练习。 We should respect our teachers. 我们应该尊敬老师。 You shouldn't give up easily. 你不应该轻易放弃。 5. must 与 have to 的区别 must 表示主观上的"必须"（说话人觉得必要）；have to 表示客观上的"不得不"（外界条件迫使）。 I must finish my homework. 我必须完成作业。（自己觉得重要） I have to wear a uniform at school. 我在学校不得不穿校服。（学校规定） 注意：must 没有过去式，过去式中用 had to。 6. 情态动词表推测的用法（中考高频考点） 肯定推测：must（一定） > can（可能） > may（可能） > might（或许） 否定推测：can't（不可能） > may not（可能不） > might not（或许不） He must be a doctor. 他一定是医生。（非常肯定） The news can't be true. 那不可能是真的。 She may be at home. 她可能在家。 二、连系动词（Linking Verbs） 连系动词用于连接主语和表语，表示主语的状态、特征或身份。连系动词后接形容词（作表语），不接副词。 常用的连系动词： （1）感官类：look（看起来）/ sound（听起来）/ taste（尝起来）/ smell（闻起来）/ feel（感觉） You look tired today. 你今天看起来很累。 The music sounds beautiful. 这音乐听起来很美。 The soup tastes delicious. 这汤尝起来很美味。 The flowers smell sweet. 这些花闻起来很香。 I feel happy when I help others. 当帮助别人时，我感到快乐。 （2）状态变化类：become（变得）/ get（变得）/ turn（变得）/ grow（渐渐变得） She became a successful writer. 她成了一位成功的作家。 The weather gets colder in autumn. 秋天天气变冷了。 The leaves turn yellow in autumn. 秋天叶子变黄了。 （3）状态保持类：keep（保持）/ stay（保持）/ remain（仍然） Keep healthy by exercising every day. 每天运动以保持健康。 We should stay calm in danger. 在危险中我们应该保持冷静。 注意（高频考点）： 感官连系动词 + like + 名词：It looks like a cat. 它看起来像一只猫。 感官连系动词 + as if/as though + 从句：It sounds as if someone is crying. 听起来好像有人在哭。 连系动词没有被动语态：Good smells good.（不能说 is smelt good） 有些动词既可作连系动词也可作实义动词，注意区分： He looks happy.（连系动词，看起来） vs. He looks at the blackboard.（实义动词，看） I feel cold.（连系动词，感觉） vs. I feel the soft cloth.（实义动词，触摸） 📝 练习四：用适当的情态动词填空（can/could/may/might/must/should） 1. You _____ brush your teeth before going to bed. 2. _____ I use your dictionary? - Of course, here you are. 3. That _____ be true because I saw it with my own eyes. 4. You _____ cross the street when the traffic light is red. 5. She _____ speak three languages when she was young. 6. We _____ finish the project by Friday. It's our deadline. 7. It _____ rain later, so take an umbrella. 8. Students _____ listen carefully in class. 9. _____ you help me carry this heavy box? 10. He _____ be at home. I can see the light in his room. 11. You _____ eat too much junk food. It's bad for your health. 12. I _____ find my keys. I think I left them at home. 【参考答案】 1. should 2. May/Can 3. must 4. mustn't 5. could 6. must 7. may/might 8. should 9. Could 10. must 11. shouldn't 12. can't 📝 练习五：用所给连系动词的适当形式填空 1. The cake _____ (taste) very sweet. I love it! 2. You _____ (look) tired. You should rest. 3. The music _____ (sound) beautiful. What is it? 4. The flowers _____ (smell) wonderful in spring. 5. She _____ (feel) happy when she helps others. 6. The weather _____ (get) colder and colder now. 7. The leaves _____ (turn) yellow in autumn. 8. He _____ (become) a successful businessman last year. 9. We should _____ (keep) our classroom clean. 10. The soup _____ (taste) too salty. 11. The story _____ (sound) interesting. Tell me more. 12. She _____ (feel) very nervous before the speech. 【参考答案】 1. tastes 2. look 3. sounds 4. smell 5. feels 6. is getting 7. turn 8. became 9. keep 10. tastes 11. sounds 12. felt 📋 Unit 8 综合训练 一、单项选择（共15题） 1. You _____ give up when you face difficulties. A. should B. shouldn't C. must D. can 2. She _____ swim when she was only five years old. A. can B. could C. may D. must 3. The soup _____ very delicious. Would you like some? A. is tasting B. tastes C. taste D. is tasted 4. You _____ finish your homework before you watch TV. A. may B. might C. should D. can 5. That _____ be Tom. I saw him leave an hour ago. A. must B. can't C. may D. mustn't 6. _____ I come in? - Yes, please. A. Must B. May C. Should D. Need 7. The flowers _____ sweet when spring comes. A. are smelling B. smell C. is smelt D. smells 8. You _____ smoke in the hospital. It's not allowed. A. must B. mustn't C. may D. can 9. He looks very _____. He must have won the game. A. happily B. happy C. happiness D. happier 10. We _____ respect our parents and teachers. A. would B. could C. should D. might 11. The music _____ as if someone is crying. A. sounds B. is sounding C. sounded D. sound 12. I _____ finish the work yesterday because I was ill. A. mustn't B. couldn't C. may not D. shouldn't 13. You look tired. You _____ take a rest. A. would B. might C. should D. could 14. A true champion never _____ in the face of difficulties. A. gives up B. give up C. gave up D. giving up 15. Success _____ on how hard you work. A. depend B. depends C. depending D. depended 【参考答案】 1. B 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. B 6. B 7. B 8. B 9. B 10. C 11. A 12. B 13. C 14. A 15. B 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空（共15题） 1. The first _____ (step) to success is to set a clear goal. 2. This math problem is very _____ (challenge). 3. She answered the question _____ (confident). 4. The _____ (finally) match was very exciting. 5. We need to build good _____ (relation) with others. 6. He is afraid to speak in _____ (public). 7. She wants to study at a _____ (medicine) school. 8. The _____ (industry) revolution changed the world. 9. Children _____ (depend) on their parents for support. 10. She _____ (success) in passing the driving test. 11. He _____ (achieve) his goal of becoming a pilot last year. 12. You should _____ (confidence) about your ability. 13. A true champion never _____ (give) up easily. 14. The cake _____ (taste) very sweet. Did you add too much sugar? 15. You _____ (must) not smoke here. It's against the rules. 【参考答案】 1. step 2. challenging 3. confidently 4. final 5. relationships 6. public 7. medical 8. Industrial 9. depend 10. succeeded 11. achieved 12. be confident 13. gives 14. tastes 15. must 三、完形填空（共8题） What makes a true champion? A champion is not just someone who wins a game. A true champion 1_____ special qualities that help them succeed. First, a champion is confident. They believe 2_____ themselves and never give up when facing challenges. They know that every 3_____ forward brings them closer to their goal. Second, a champion knows how to work with others. Good 4_____ are important for success. Champions 5_____ on their teammates and support each other. Third, a champion 6_____ learning. They see every failure as a 7_____ to grow. They keep trying until they 8_____ their goal. So, are you ready to take your first step towards becoming a champion? 1. A. have B. has C. having D. had 2. A. at B. on C. in D. for 3. A. step B. steps C. stepping D. stepped 4. A. relation B. relationships C. relate D. related 5. A. depend B. depends C. depended D. depending 6. A. loves B. loved C. is loving D. was loving 7. A. challenge B. chance C. change D. champion 8. A. achieve B. achieving C. achieved D. will achieve 【参考答案】 1. B (has) 2. C (in) 3. A (step) 4. B (relationships) 5. A (depend) 6. A (loves) 7. B (chance) 8. A (achieve) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $