新课7 必修第一册Unit4 Looking good, feeling good （词汇+课文预习讲义，全国通用）（译林版）英语初升高衔接

Unit4 Looking good, feeling good（单词+课文） 目录 重点速记：单元词汇、词组梳理 课文聚焦：课文预习、句型讲解 学以致用：巩固提升，全面突破 重点速记 一、重点单词 1. skip /skɪp/vt. 不做 (应做的事情等)；跳过 vi. 蹦蹦跳跳地走；略过 Don’t skip breakfast; it’s good for your health. 不要不吃早餐，这对你健康有益。 【拓展】skipped（过去式 / 过去分词）；skipping n. 跳绳 【搭配】skip class 逃课；skip over the details 略过细节；skip down the road 沿路蹦跳 2. yogurt /ˈjəʊɡət/n. 酸奶 I often have a cup of low-fat yogurt every morning. 我每天早上常喝一杯低脂酸奶。 【拓展】Greek yogurt 希腊酸奶 【搭配】fruit yogurt 水果酸奶；plain yogurt 原味无糖酸奶 3. concentrate /ˈkɒnsntreɪt/vi.& vt. 集中 (注意力、思想等)；全神贯注 Concentrate your mind on the exam papers. 把你的心思集中在试卷上。 【拓展】concentration n. 专注；浓度；concentrated adj. 浓缩的；专心的 【搭配】concentrate on sth./doing sth. 集中精力于某事 4. slim /slɪm/vi. 变苗条，减肥 adj. 苗条的；微薄的，小的 She tries to slim by taking exercise every day. 她靠每日运动瘦身。 【拓展】slimmer n. 减肥者；slimness n. 苗条 【搭配】slim figure 苗条身材；slim chance 渺茫的机会；slim down 瘦身 5. per cent /pə ˈsent/n. 百分之…… Fifty per cent of students choose to take exercise after school. 百分之五十的学生选择课后运动。 【搭配】ten per cent 百分之十；a high per centage 高百分比（percent 名词，percentage 表比例） 6. prove /pruːv/linking v. 后来被发现是 vt. 证明，证实 The plan proved very useful in daily life. 这个方案后来被证明在日常生活中十分实用。 【拓展】proof n. 证据；证明；proven adj. 已证实的 【搭配】prove sth. to sb. 向某人证明某事；prove (to be) + adj./n. 结果是、证明是 7. diet /ˈdaɪət/n. 节食；日常饮食 vi. 节食，进行规定饮食 A balanced diet keeps you energetic every day. 均衡饮食让你每日精力充沛。 【拓展】dietary adj. 饮食的 【搭配】go on a diet 节食；balanced diet 均衡膳食；daily diet 日常饮食 8. nutrition /njuːˈtrɪʃn/n. 营养 Vegetables and fruits provide rich nutrition for our body. 蔬果为人体提供丰富营养。 【拓展】nutrient n. 营养素；nutritious adj. 有营养的 【搭配】good nutrition 充足营养；nutrition knowledge 营养知识 9. function /ˈfʌŋkʃn/vi. 起作用，正常工作，运转 n. 作用，功能，职能 The heart functions as a pump in our body. 心脏在人体内起到泵的作用。 【拓展】functional adj. 功能性的；实用的 【搭配】function well 运转良好；the main function 主要功能；function as 充当、起…… 作用 10. memory /ˈmeməri/n. 记忆力，记性；记忆，回忆 He has a good memory for English words. 他记英语单词的记忆力很好。 【拓展】memorize vt. 记住；memorable adj. 难忘的 【搭配】short-term memory 短期记忆；in memory of 纪念；lose one’s memory 失忆 11. rather /ˈrɑːðə(r)/adv. 相反，而是；相当；更准确地说 He didn’t give up; rather, he tried harder. 他没有放弃，反而更加努力。 【搭配】would rather do sth. 宁愿做；rather than 而不是；rather cold 相当冷 12. aspect /ˈæspekt/n. 方面，层面 We should consider every aspect of this problem. 我们要考虑这个问题的各个方面。 【搭配】in this aspect 在这一方面；all aspects of life 生活方方面面 13. attack /əˈtæk/n. 发作；攻击；抨击 vt.& vi. 攻击；侵袭；抨击 A sudden heart attack made him fall down. 突发心脏病让他摔倒在地。 【拓展】attacker n. 攻击者 【搭配】heart attack 心脏病发作；attack the enemy 袭击敌人；attack sb.’s opinion 抨击某人观点 14. amount /əˈmaʊnt/n. 数量 A large amount of water is wasted every day. 每天都有大量水资源被浪费。 【搭配】a large/small amount of + 不可数名词 大量 / 少量；amount to 总计达到 15. schedule /ˈʃedjuːl/n. 日程安排，工作计划；时间表 Check your schedule before making new plans. 制定新计划前查看你的日程表。 【拓展】schedule vt. 安排；预定 【搭配】on schedule 按时；a tight schedule 紧凑日程；schedule a meeting 安排会议 16. plastic /ˈplæstɪk/adj. 可塑的；塑料的 n. 塑料 We should reduce the use of plastic bags to protect the environment. 我们应减少塑料袋使用保护环境。 【拓展】plastics n. 塑料制品；plasticine n. 橡皮泥 【搭配】plastic waste 塑料垃圾；plastic material 塑料材质 17. surgery /ˈsɜːdʒəri/n. 外科手术 He needs to have minor surgery next week. 他下周需要做一台小手术。 【拓展】surgeon n. 外科医生；surgical adj. 外科的 【搭配】plastic surgery 整形手术；emergency surgery 急诊手术 18. campus /ˈkæmpəs/n. (大学、学院的) 校园，校区 All students are not allowed to drive cars on campus. 全体学生不允许在校内开车。 【搭配】on campus 在校园内；campus life 校园生活；campus activity 校园活动 19. guy /ɡaɪ/n. 小伙子，家伙 That tall guy over there is my deskmate. 那边那个高个子男生是我的同桌。 【搭配】a nice guy 好人；you guys 你们（口语） 20. saying /ˈseɪɪŋ/n. 格言，谚语，警句 There is an old saying that practice makes perfect. 有一句老话叫熟能生巧。 【拓展】say v. 说；谚语固定搭配 【搭配】an old saying 古谚语；as the saying goes 常言道 21. shadow /ˈʃædəʊ/n. 阴影，影子；昏暗处，阴暗处 The tree casts a long shadow in the sunset. 夕阳下树木投下长长的影子。 【拓展】shadowy adj. 昏暗的；模糊的 【搭配】in the shadow 在阴影里；cast a shadow 投射影子 22. digital /ˈdɪdʒɪtl/adj. 数码的，数字的 Most students use digital devices for online study. 大多数学生用数码设备上网课。 【拓展】digit n. 数字；digitally adv. 数字化地 【搭配】digital camera 数码相机；digital life 数字生活 23. series /ˈsɪəriːz/n. 一系列，连续 We watched a series of educational videos last night. 昨晚我们看了一系列教育视频。 【搭配】a series of 一系列；TV series 电视剧；in series 连续地 24. external /ɪkˈstɜːnl/adj. 外来的，外在的；外面的，外部的 We should ignore external noise and focus on our work. 我们要忽略外界噪音专心工作。 【拓展】internal adj. 内部的（反义词）；externally adv. 在外部 【搭配】external pressure 外界压力；external environment 外部环境 25. content /ˈkɒntent/n. 内容；目录 The content of this book is about healthy eating habits. 这本书的内容是关于健康饮食习惯。 【拓展】content adj. /kənˈtent/ 满意的；contentment n. 满足 【搭配】main content 主要内容；table of contents 目录；content with sth. 对…… 满意 二、重点短语： 1. lose weight by skipping meals　 不吃饭减肥 2. be rushed to hospital 被迅速送往医院 3. feel unwell 感觉不好，不舒服 4. have dangerously low blood sugar levels 危险的低血糖水平 5. be treated immediately 立刻接受治疗 6. worried parents 忧心忡忡的父母 7. out of danger/ in danger 脱离危险／处在危险中 8. make a full recovery in a day or two 一两天内完全康复 9. struggle with eating problem 与饮食问题斗争 10. reach her target weight 达到目标体重 11. have trouble concentrating in class 在课上集中注意力有困难 12. won’t listen 不愿意听 13. be concerned about these figures 对这些数字表示担忧 14. warn them against using such extreme methods 警告他们不要使用这种极端的方法 15. slightly overweight 轻微超重 16. take in enough food 摄入足够的食物 17. stay energetic and fit 保持精力充沛身体健康 18. get into shape 强身健体 19. a balanced diet 均衡的饮食 20. draw their attention 吸引他们的注意力 三、单词变形 1. immediately→ [adv.] 立即，马上 conj. 一……就 immediately [adj.] 立即的；直接的 2. concentrate→ [vi.] & [vt.]集中(注意力、思想等)；全神贯注 concentration→ [n.] 专心，专注；集中 concentrated→ [adj.] 全神贯注的；集中的 3. extreme→ [adj.] 极端的；严重的 [n.] 极端的感情(或境况、行为方式等) extremely→ [adv.] 极端地；非常extremist→ [n.] 极端主义者；过激分子 4. effect→ [n.] 效果，作用；影响 effective→ [adj.] 有效的effectively→ [adv.] 有效地；实际上effectiveness→ [n.] 效率；有效性 5. prove→ linking v. 后来被发现是 [vt.] 证明，证实 proof→ [n.] 证据，证明 6. slightly→ [adv.] 稍微，略微 slight→ [adj.] 轻微的；细小的 slightness→ [n.] 些微，少许 7. nutrition→ [n.] 营养nutritious→ [adj.] 有营养的 nutritiously→ [adv.] 营养地，nutritionist [n.] 营养学家 8. function [vi.] 起作用，正常工作，运转 [n.] 作用，功能，职能 functional [adj.] 实用的；功能的 functionally→[adv.] 功能地；职务上地 9. energetic→ [adj.] 精力充沛的，充满活力的energy [n.] 能量；精力energetically→ [adv.] 精力充沛地；积极地 10. frightened→ [adj.] 害怕的，惊吓的，受惊的fright→ [n.] 惊吓；恐怖frightening→ [adj.] 令人惊恐的，骇人frighteningly→ [adv.] 吓人地，令人恐惧地 11. memory→ [n.] 记忆力，记性；记忆，回忆memorize→ [vt.] 记忆，记住 memorial→ [n.] 纪念碑 [adj.] 纪念的 12. attack→ [n.] 发作；攻击；抨击 [vt.] & [vi.] 攻击；侵袭；attacker [n.] 攻击者；抨击者 13. treatment→ [n.] 治疗；对待，待遇；处理 treat→ [vt.] 对待；处理 [n.] 款待 14. addition→ [n.] 增加，添加；加法add→ [vt.] & [vi.] 增加；补充；扩大additional [adj.] 附加的；额外的additionally→ [adv.] 此外 15. beauty [n.] 美，美丽；美人， 美好的东西beautiful→ [adj.] 美丽的，美好的 beautifully→ [adv.] 美好地；令人满意地 16. fashion→ [n.] 时尚，时兴；流行款式fashionable→ [adj.] 时尚的 17. digital→ [adj.] 数码的，数字的digitally [adv.] 数字化地；数位地digitalize→ [vt.] 数字化 18. strength [n.] 优势；力气，力量；实力strengthen→ [vt.] 增强 [vi.] 变强 strong→ [adj.] 强壮的，强健的；强烈的strongly→ [adv.] 强烈地，坚决地 19. talent→ [n.] 天资，天赋；人才，天才talented→ [adj.] 有才能的；天才的 20. individual→ [adj.] 单独的；个人的 [n.] 个人individually→ [adv.] 分别地；单独地 21. achievement→ [n.] 成就，成绩；达到，完成achieve→ [vt.] 实现；达到；取得 achievable [adj.] 可达到的；可获得的 课文聚焦 一、原文呈现： Teen faints after skipping meals STONECHESTER—A teenage girl fainted yesterday at Stonechester High School after skipping meals. Jennifer Jones, 15, told friends in her class that she was feeling unwell. She then passed out in her morning PE lesson and was rushed to hospital. Jennifer was found to have dangerously low blood sugar levels and was treated immediately. Her worried parents told the doctor that their daughter missed breakfast that day and hardly touched her dinner the night before. Fortunately, she is now out of danger. Her doctor says that she will make a full recovery in a day or two. Jennifer’s classmates hope to see her back at school soon. They say that she has struggled with eating problems for a long time. “Jennifer thought that skipping meals would be a simple way to reach her target weight,” her friend Laura Williams told our reporter. “She has not eaten breakfast for the last few months. She told me she had trouble concentrating in class. I warned her that skipping meals was unhealthy, but she wouldn’t listen.” Jennifer’s case is a reminder of the dangers of the unhealthy weight-loss habits that have become common among teenagers of both sexes. In a society where being thin is often seen as being beautiful, teenagers sometimes turn to extreme methods to slim down quickly. According to a recent survey of senior high school students' lifestyles, almost one fifth of teenagers regularly skip meals, one in ten over-exercise and four per cent even take weight-loss medicine. Health experts are concerned about these figures. They are increasing their efforts to educate teenagers about the side effects of losing weight too quickly. They have also warned them against using such extreme methods. “These so-called quick-fix methods’ prove to be harmful to teenagers. It is normal for teenagers to be slightly overweight and there is no reason why they should be worried. However, for those who are dangerously overweight, it is very important that they try to lose weight properly,” said an expert. She pointed out that it is important to have a healthy balanced diet since teenagers are still growing and their bodies need a lot of nutrition to function well. If they do not take in enough food, they may feel weak and get ill easily. She added, “What’s more, they should keep regular hours and get plenty of exercise to stay energetic and fit. We strongly encourage all teenagers to follow these lifestyle tips, because living well is the safest and most effective way to get into shape.” 二、课文研习： 知识点1 immediately adv. 立即，马上； conj. 一……就…… 【教材原句】Jennifer was found to have dangerously low blood sugar levels and was treated immediately. 医生发现珍妮弗的血糖已经低到了很危险的程度，于是马上对其进行治疗。(教材p44) 【拓展】 一……就…… 的表达 as soon as the +n.( the instant, the moment, the minute) immediately, instantly, directly 【写作佳句】I immediately jumped up on my bicycle seat and started home.我立即骑上自行车，开始回家。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. If you want to catch that train, you’d better set off for the station immediately(immediate). 一句多译 2. 她一回到美国就成功地创立了美国红十字会。 →Upon her return to the United States, she successfully founded the American Red Cross. →Upon returning to the United States, she successfully founded the American Red Cross. →Immediately/Directly/Instantly she returned to the United States, she successfully founded the American Red Cross. →The moment/minute/instant she returned to the United States, she successfully founded the American Red Cross. 知识点2 concentrate vi. & vt. 集中(注意力、思想等); 全神贯注 【教材原句】She told me she had trouble concentrating in class. 她告诉我她在课上注意力不集中。(教材p45) 【拓展】 (1)concentrate(sth. ) on(doing) sth.　　　 集中于/专心于(做)某事 concentrate one’s attention on. . . 把某人的注意力集中到…… concentrate sth. + 介词/副词 使某物集中(或集合、聚集) (2)concentration n. 专心; 关注; 集中; 聚集 注意：concentrate作“专心于”讲时, 可以是及物动词, 也可以是不及物动词。其宾语多为attention, mind, energy, effort, thought等词。 延伸“专注”多种表达方式 focus/fix one’s attention on sth. put one’s mind in. . . apply oneself/one’s mind to. . . put one’s heart into. . . be absorbed in. . . be lost in. . . be buried in. . . 【写作佳句】She has turned down several invitations to star at shows in order to concentrate on her study.  为了集中精力学习, 她数次拒绝演出邀请。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. We must concentrate our attention on protecting the water resources. 2. Concentration(concentrate) is essential if you want to do a good job. 一句多译 3. 我辞职是为了专心写小说。 →I am leaving to concentrate on writing fiction. →I am leaving to fix/focus my attention on writing fiction. →I am leaving to put my heart into writing fiction. →I am leaving to apply my mind to writing fiction.   知识点3 concerned adj. 担心的, 忧虑的; 关注的, 关切的 【教材原句】Health experts are concerned about these figures. 这些数据引起了健康专家的关注。(教材p45) 【拓展】 (1)be/become concerned about　　　 为……担心; 对……关注 be concerned with 关心; 涉及 as far as sb. be concerned 就某人而言, 在某人看来 (2)concern n. 忧虑, 担心 show/express concern for/over 对……表示关心 (3)concerning prep. 关于,有关 【写作佳句】My mom is really concerned with the health of everyone in our family. 我妈妈非常关心我们家每个人的健康。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 ①He asked several questions concerning(concern) the future of the company. ②The development, however, will raise legal concerns(concern) about privacy and access to individuals’ genetic records. ③I’m sure with our efforts, more and more people will become concerned(concern) about protecting cultural relics. ④A teacher must show concern for every student. 知识点4 effect n. 效果, 作用; 影响 【教材原句】They are increasing their efforts to educate teens about the side effects of losing weight too quickly. 他们加大力度教育青少年有关快速减肥引起的不良反应。(教材p45) 【拓展】 (1)in effect　　　　　　事实上, 实际上 have an effect on 对……有影响 come into effect 生效 side effect 副作用 (2)effective adj. 有效的 (3)effectively adv. 有效地 【写作佳句】Individual talent will have positive effects on team performance. 个人才能对团队表现有积极影响。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. Dr. Chen will introduce some effective(effect) ways of handling pressure through some activities. 2. In this sense, volunteering can effectively(effective) relieve stress and anxiety, and it is good for your mental health. 完成句子 Li Bai, a great poet, wrote a great many excellent poems and all of them have a great effect on. →Li Bai, a great poet, wrote a great many excellent poems, all of which affect Chinese culture greatly. (用定语从句和动词affect改写) 知识点5 take in 摄入，吸收，理解，领悟；将衣物改小；欺骗，上当 【教材原句】They are increasing their efforts to educate teens about the side effects of losing weight too quickly. 他们加大力度教育青少年有关快速减肥引起的不良反应。(教材p45)【拓展】 take off 　　　　(飞机)起飞; 脱下; 取消; 休假 take on 雇用; 呈现; 承担(责任) take up 占据; 开始从事 take over 接任, 接管 take back 收回 take down 写下, 记下 【写作佳句】Trees can take in CO2 in the air and help to stop global warming from reaching a dangerous level. 树木可以吸收空气中的二氧化碳, 有助于防止全球变暖达到危险水平。 【经典练】 用take的短语填空 1. I’m sorry. I take back what I said. 2. I didn’t take down his phone number. 3. We eventually took off at 11 o’clock and arrived in Juneau at 1: 30. 4. When he heard the news, his face took on a happy expression. 5. I know how busy you must be and naturally I wouldn’t want to take up too much of your time. 6. Would you like me to take over the driving for a while? 知识点6 frightened adj. 害怕的, 惊吓的, 受惊的 【教材原句】I was very frightened when I woke up in hospital last Thursday. 上周四当我在医院醒来时我很害怕。(教材p47) 【拓展】 (1)be frightened of doing sth. 害怕做某事 be frightened to do sth. 不敢做某事 (2)frighten vt. 使惊吓, 使惊恐 frighten sb. to death 把某人吓坏了 (3)frightening adj. 令人恐惧的 (4)fright n. 害怕, 惊恐 【写作佳句】He had tried to coax the dog to him but, frightened, it had run off. 他试图哄那条狗到他跟前, 但它吓坏了, 跑了。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. I’m too frightened to ask(ask)him now 2. He was frightened at/by the scene that so many people were killed during the conflict. 3. The bird came to the window, but I moved suddenly and frightened it away/off. 4. News of the robberies frightened many people into fitting new locks to their doors. 知识点7 contribute vi. & vt. 是……的原因之一; 捐赠, 捐献; 增加, 添加 【教材原句】Noise pollution and light pollution in big cities may also contribute to sleep problems. 大城市的噪音污染和光污染也可能导致睡眠问题。(教材p48) 【拓展】 (1)contribute to 　　　　 促成, 有助于 contribute. . . to. . . 为……捐献…… (2)contribution n. 贡献; 捐助 make contributions/a contribution to. . . 为……做出贡献 【写作佳句】At home, my dad said, “A job’s a big step to growing up. I’m glad you will be contributing to the household.” 在家里, 爸爸说: “工作是成长的一大步。 我很高兴你将对这个家有所贡献。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. I will make contributions(contribute) to our society. 2. I hope my suggestions will contribute to solving(solve) the problem.   3. In Song Dynasty China contributed three great inventions to world civilization.   知识点8 attack n. 发作; 攻击; 抨击 vt. & vi. 攻击; 侵袭; 抨击 【教材原句】In the long term, they may be at increased risk of having a poor memory, being overweight and suffering a heart attack. 从长期看, 他们记忆力差、超重和心脏病发作的风险可能会增加。(教材p48) 【拓展】 (1)make an attack on/upon　 攻击, 向……进攻 under attack 遭到……的攻击/抨击 (2)attack sb. with sth. 　 　 用某物攻击某人 (3)be attacked with. . . (患)病, 得(病) 【写作佳句】But before Mac could open the door, the wolf had caught up and jumped to make an attack on him.  但马克还没来得及打开门, 那只狼就追上了他, 跳起来攻击他。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. Don’t walk alone in the street after dark, or you may get attacked(attack). 2. When an animal is under attack, it can run away or fight back. 完成句子 当多叶植物受到攻击时, 它不会坐以待毙。 When a leafy plant is under attack/attacked, it doesn’t sit quietly.   知识点9 memory n. 记忆力, 记性; 记忆, 回忆 【教材原句】In the long term, they may be at increased risk of having a poor memory, being overweight and suffering a heart attack. 从长期看, 他们记忆力差、超重和心脏病发作的风险可能会增加。 【拓展】 (1)in memory of 　　　 　 为了纪念 in one’s memory 在某人的记忆中 have a good/bad memory for 对……的记忆好/差 (2)memorize vt. 记住 【写作佳句】In memory of our happy times here we’ve planted a little garden. 为了纪念我们在这里的美好时光, 我们建造了一座小花园。  【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. Though time or money may be lost in helping others, these will become our happy memories(memory). 2. He studied his map, trying to memorize(memory) the way to Rose's street. 3. The act itself of unwrapping and finally seeing what was beneath the newspaper was exciting and memorable(memory). 知识点10 pressure n. 压力; 心理压力, 紧张; 要求, 催促 【教材原句】One of the reasons why people fail to get a good night’s sleep is pressure from school or work. 人们晚上睡不好的原因之一是来自学校或工作的压力。(教材p48) 【拓展】 under the pressure of 在……的压力下 put pressure on/upon(sb.) 对(某人)施加压力 relieve/reduce the pressure 缓解/减轻压力 cope with/deal with/handle the pressure 应对压力 【写作佳句】In order to release the pressure of study, I went to Xingxing Farm to pick some oranges together with my classmates last weekend. 为了释放学习的压力, 上周末我和同学们一起去星星农场摘橘子了。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. Did your father put pressure on you? 2. The metal frame tends to twist under pressure. 3. You’re likely to feel anxious and pressured(pressure) 知识点11 amount n. 数量 【教材原句】Everyone knows that the amount of quality sleep that we get is important to us. 每个人都知道我们获得的高质量睡眠对我们很重要。(教材p49) 【拓展】 (1)a large(small) amount of/large(small) amounts of后面的名词只能是不可数名词，但当它们作主语时，句子的谓语动词要与amount的单复数形式保持一致。即：“a large amount of＋不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数；“large amounts of ＋不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 (2)表示“大量的”短语还有a large number of, a great deal of, plenty of, a large quantity of 等。①a great deal of只能修饰不可数名词；②a large number of只能修饰可数名词复数；③a lot of, plenty of, a large quantity of既可以修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词。 【写作佳句】I had not expected such an amount of praise.  我没料到会受到这么多赞扬。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. Large amounts of my pocket money were(be) spent buying new books last year. 2. A great amount of homework has(have) to be done every day, so large quantities of students time are(be) occupied. 完成句子 A large amount of money was spent on the bridge. =Large amounts of money were spent on the bridge. 知识点12 schedule n. 日程安排, 工作计划; 时间表 【教材原句】Try to stick to your sleep schedule at the weekend too, even though weekends are probably the time when you feel like a lie-in. 尽量在周末也坚持你的睡眠时间表，即使周末可能是你想睡懒觉的时候。 【拓展】 (1)ahead of schedule 提前 on schedule 按时, 按时间表 (2)schedule vt. 安排; 为……安排时间 be scheduled to do sth. 按计划/被安排做某事 as schedule 如期, 按计划 【写作佳句】The activity is scheduled to begin at 8: 00 a. m. and end at 10: 30 a. m., lasting more than two hours. 活动定于上午8点开始, 10点30分结束, 持续两个多小时。  【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. The train is behind schedule. You’ll have to wait another fifteen minutes. 2. The plane didn’t arrive on schedule because of the heavy fog. 3. Our guests are scheduled to arrive(arrive) at 7：30 this evening. 完成句子 由于天气原因，运动会提前一周召开。 Because of the weather, the sports meeting was held a week ahead of schedule. 学以致用 一.单词拼写 1．He ________ (晕倒) following a vigorous exercise session at his home yesterday. 2．Her great ________ (成就) remind us that determination and hard work can truly change lives. 3．The __________ (功能) of education is to prepare us for life. 4．Children need enough __________ (营养) to grow healthily and develop strong bones. 5．Our school __________ (校园) is full of energy and laughter every single day. 6．Yesterday many students ________ (跳过) the morning meeting to prepare for the coming exam. 7．She decided to let go of __________ (消极有害的) thoughts and focus on positive aspects. 8．The dark clouds cast a long ________ (阴影) across the empty street, making the evening feel even quieter. 9．In ________ (除……之外), important advances have been made in medicine and environmental science. 10．The ________(受到惊吓的) child hid behind his mother. 11．So many ________ (方面) of Beijing Opera come from ancient traditions. 12．He has a natural ________ (天赋) for drawing and hopes to become an artist. 13．You should fill out the ________ (申请) form carefully before submitting it. 14．Our project is three weeks behind ________ (计划表). 15．They hope this new evidence will ___________ (证明) her innocence. 二、单句填空 1．This year the company has concentrated on (improve) performance in all the areas． 2．Watermelon is (effect) in reducing both your body temperature and blood pressure． 3．This is a second­hand car，but it (function) well． 4．She arranged for a flight on a small plane to be held for me，re­routed (改道) me through Newark and got me back to the UK even earlier than originally (schedule)． 5．The conference ended up (sign) no agreement． 6．There's no need to worry about him，for he is (slight) injured． 7．I wonder how the old man of his age manages to be so (energy)． 8．Hearing the words，the old man got (extreme) angry and left the room． 9．When facing a hard question，most people can't give an answer (immediate)． 10．The injured were under medical (treat) at the moment． 11．She has turned down several invitations to star at shows in order to concentrate her studies． 12．Global warming is having great effect on hundreds of plant and animal species around the world． 13．These inventions have brought us happiness and are performing important function in our life．We shouldn't ignore their disadvantages． 14．The press conference is scheduled Friday afternoon． 15．When Mr．Green retired，his son took the business from him． 二、词组填空 end up focus on take pride in guard against contribute to live up to slow down go off show off stay up 1. You will be tired tomorrow if you___________late tonight. 2. She _____________her sons' achievements, both of whom are aircraft engineers. 3. It was said that smoking______________his early death. 4. The car______________because there was ice on the road. 5. The lights suddenly______________and we were left in the dark. 6. Regular exercise helps_____________a lot of illnesses. 7. The concert was fantastic—it____________ all our expectations. 8. The report____________some of the most serious problems facing the country. 9. Tom____________his new digital watch to his classmates right now. 10. Many girls skip meals to lose weight but most of them____________putting on weight again. 三、完成句子 11．我很小的时候就爱上了书本。除了从阅读中获取知识，我还能获得快乐和灵感。 I love with books at an early age. to reading for knowledge, I read for fun and inspiration. 12．There is (一条基于……的著名谚语) the philosophy of Aristotle: “We are what we repeatedly do.” (用非谓语) (根据汉语提示完成句子) 13．大卫已决心不辜负公司的期望。 David has determined to the expectations of the company. 14．我希望你们能去卢浮宫亲自感受一下这些伟大艺术品的力与美。 I hope you can visit the Louvre one day to feel of these great for yourselves. 15．All of us should (不辜负) our parents’ expectation. (根据汉语提示填空) 16．此外，潼南一年一度的菜花节也有益于当地经济发展。 In , the annual Rape Flower Festival our local economic development in Tongnan. 17．I (结果) spending the entire journey from the Spanish border to Lisbon, (躺在地上), with my head about 2 inches from a smelly toilet. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 18．这个故事使我想起了一句谚语“不能以貌取人”。 This story that “Never judge a person by his appearance”. 19．Although some foreign students live in , Xie Lei chose to live with a host family who can help with her the new culture. 虽然一些留学生住在学校里，但谢蕾选择住在寄宿家庭，这有助于她适应异国文化。 20．He had run up credit card debts of thousands of dollars, which (使忧心忡忡) him like a cloud, causing him constant worry and anxiety. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 四、课文语法填空 A teenage girl named Jennifer Jones fainted in her PE lesson and 1． (rush) to hospital．Jennifer was treated immediately and her parents told the doctor that their daughter had missed breakfast that day．Fortunately，Jennifer's doctor said that she would make a full 2． (recover) soon．Jennifer's classmates said that she had struggled with eating problems for a long time，for she thought that 3． (skip) meals was a simple way to lose weight． Jennifer's case is a reminder of the dangers of the unhealthy weight­loss habits 4． have become common among teenagers．A recent survey shows that some teenagers lose weight 5． (use) some extreme methods，such 6． skipping meals and eating weight­loss pills．7． expert said that it was normal for teenagers to be 8． (slight) overweight and there is no reason why they should be worried．She adds，“It is important to have a healthy balanced diet since teenagers are still growing and their bodies need a lot of nutrition 9． (function)well．What's more，they should keep regular hours and get plenty of exercise to stay 10． (energy) and fit．Living well is the safest and most effective way to get into shape．” 3 / 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit4 Looking good, feeling good（单词+课文） 目录 重点速记：单元词汇、词组梳理 课文聚焦：课文预习、句型讲解 学以致用：巩固提升，全面突破 重点速记 一、重点单词 1. skip /skɪp/vt. 不做 (应做的事情等)；跳过 vi. 蹦蹦跳跳地走；略过 Don’t skip breakfast; it’s good for your health. 不要不吃早餐，这对你健康有益。 【拓展】skipped（过去式 / 过去分词）；skipping n. 跳绳 【搭配】skip class 逃课；skip over the details 略过细节；skip down the road 沿路蹦跳 2. yogurt /ˈjəʊɡət/n. 酸奶 I often have a cup of low-fat yogurt every morning. 我每天早上常喝一杯低脂酸奶。 【拓展】Greek yogurt 希腊酸奶 【搭配】fruit yogurt 水果酸奶；plain yogurt 原味无糖酸奶 3. concentrate /ˈkɒnsntreɪt/vi.& vt. 集中 (注意力、思想等)；全神贯注 Concentrate your mind on the exam papers. 把你的心思集中在试卷上。 【拓展】concentration n. 专注；浓度；concentrated adj. 浓缩的；专心的 【搭配】concentrate on sth./doing sth. 集中精力于某事 4. slim /slɪm/vi. 变苗条，减肥 adj. 苗条的；微薄的，小的 She tries to slim by taking exercise every day. 她靠每日运动瘦身。 【拓展】slimmer n. 减肥者；slimness n. 苗条 【搭配】slim figure 苗条身材；slim chance 渺茫的机会；slim down 瘦身 5. per cent /pə ˈsent/n. 百分之…… Fifty per cent of students choose to take exercise after school. 百分之五十的学生选择课后运动。 【搭配】ten per cent 百分之十；a high per centage 高百分比（percent 名词，percentage 表比例） 6. prove /pruːv/linking v. 后来被发现是 vt. 证明，证实 The plan proved very useful in daily life. 这个方案后来被证明在日常生活中十分实用。 【拓展】proof n. 证据；证明；proven adj. 已证实的 【搭配】prove sth. to sb. 向某人证明某事；prove (to be) + adj./n. 结果是、证明是 7. diet /ˈdaɪət/n. 节食；日常饮食 vi. 节食，进行规定饮食 A balanced diet keeps you energetic every day. 均衡饮食让你每日精力充沛。 【拓展】dietary adj. 饮食的 【搭配】go on a diet 节食；balanced diet 均衡膳食；daily diet 日常饮食 8. nutrition /njuːˈtrɪʃn/n. 营养 Vegetables and fruits provide rich nutrition for our body. 蔬果为人体提供丰富营养。 【拓展】nutrient n. 营养素；nutritious adj. 有营养的 【搭配】good nutrition 充足营养；nutrition knowledge 营养知识 9. function /ˈfʌŋkʃn/vi. 起作用，正常工作，运转 n. 作用，功能，职能 The heart functions as a pump in our body. 心脏在人体内起到泵的作用。 【拓展】functional adj. 功能性的；实用的 【搭配】function well 运转良好；the main function 主要功能；function as 充当、起…… 作用 10. memory /ˈmeməri/n. 记忆力，记性；记忆，回忆 He has a good memory for English words. 他记英语单词的记忆力很好。 【拓展】memorize vt. 记住；memorable adj. 难忘的 【搭配】short-term memory 短期记忆；in memory of 纪念；lose one’s memory 失忆 11. rather /ˈrɑːðə(r)/adv. 相反，而是；相当；更准确地说 He didn’t give up; rather, he tried harder. 他没有放弃，反而更加努力。 【搭配】would rather do sth. 宁愿做；rather than 而不是；rather cold 相当冷 12. aspect /ˈæspekt/n. 方面，层面 We should consider every aspect of this problem. 我们要考虑这个问题的各个方面。 【搭配】in this aspect 在这一方面；all aspects of life 生活方方面面 13. attack /əˈtæk/n. 发作；攻击；抨击 vt.& vi. 攻击；侵袭；抨击 A sudden heart attack made him fall down. 突发心脏病让他摔倒在地。 【拓展】attacker n. 攻击者 【搭配】heart attack 心脏病发作；attack the enemy 袭击敌人；attack sb.’s opinion 抨击某人观点 14. amount /əˈmaʊnt/n. 数量 A large amount of water is wasted every day. 每天都有大量水资源被浪费。 【搭配】a large/small amount of + 不可数名词 大量 / 少量；amount to 总计达到 15. schedule /ˈʃedjuːl/n. 日程安排，工作计划；时间表 Check your schedule before making new plans. 制定新计划前查看你的日程表。 【拓展】schedule vt. 安排；预定 【搭配】on schedule 按时；a tight schedule 紧凑日程；schedule a meeting 安排会议 16. plastic /ˈplæstɪk/adj. 可塑的；塑料的 n. 塑料 We should reduce the use of plastic bags to protect the environment. 我们应减少塑料袋使用保护环境。 【拓展】plastics n. 塑料制品；plasticine n. 橡皮泥 【搭配】plastic waste 塑料垃圾；plastic material 塑料材质 17. surgery /ˈsɜːdʒəri/n. 外科手术 He needs to have minor surgery next week. 他下周需要做一台小手术。 【拓展】surgeon n. 外科医生；surgical adj. 外科的 【搭配】plastic surgery 整形手术；emergency surgery 急诊手术 18. campus /ˈkæmpəs/n. (大学、学院的) 校园，校区 All students are not allowed to drive cars on campus. 全体学生不允许在校内开车。 【搭配】on campus 在校园内；campus life 校园生活；campus activity 校园活动 19. guy /ɡaɪ/n. 小伙子，家伙 That tall guy over there is my deskmate. 那边那个高个子男生是我的同桌。 【搭配】a nice guy 好人；you guys 你们（口语） 20. saying /ˈseɪɪŋ/n. 格言，谚语，警句 There is an old saying that practice makes perfect. 有一句老话叫熟能生巧。 【拓展】say v. 说；谚语固定搭配 【搭配】an old saying 古谚语；as the saying goes 常言道 21. shadow /ˈʃædəʊ/n. 阴影，影子；昏暗处，阴暗处 The tree casts a long shadow in the sunset. 夕阳下树木投下长长的影子。 【拓展】shadowy adj. 昏暗的；模糊的 【搭配】in the shadow 在阴影里；cast a shadow 投射影子 22. digital /ˈdɪdʒɪtl/adj. 数码的，数字的 Most students use digital devices for online study. 大多数学生用数码设备上网课。 【拓展】digit n. 数字；digitally adv. 数字化地 【搭配】digital camera 数码相机；digital life 数字生活 23. series /ˈsɪəriːz/n. 一系列，连续 We watched a series of educational videos last night. 昨晚我们看了一系列教育视频。 【搭配】a series of 一系列；TV series 电视剧；in series 连续地 24. external /ɪkˈstɜːnl/adj. 外来的，外在的；外面的，外部的 We should ignore external noise and focus on our work. 我们要忽略外界噪音专心工作。 【拓展】internal adj. 内部的（反义词）；externally adv. 在外部 【搭配】external pressure 外界压力；external environment 外部环境 25. content /ˈkɒntent/n. 内容；目录 The content of this book is about healthy eating habits. 这本书的内容是关于健康饮食习惯。 【拓展】content adj. /kənˈtent/ 满意的；contentment n. 满足 【搭配】main content 主要内容；table of contents 目录；content with sth. 对…… 满意 二、重点短语： 1. lose weight by skipping meals　 不吃饭减肥 2. be rushed to hospital 被迅速送往医院 3. feel unwell 感觉不好，不舒服 4. have dangerously low blood sugar levels 危险的低血糖水平 5. be treated immediately 立刻接受治疗 6. worried parents 忧心忡忡的父母 7. out of danger/ in danger 脱离危险／处在危险中 8. make a full recovery in a day or two 一两天内完全康复 9. struggle with eating problem 与饮食问题斗争 10. reach her target weight 达到目标体重 11. have trouble concentrating in class 在课上集中注意力有困难 12. won’t listen 不愿意听 13. be concerned about these figures 对这些数字表示担忧 14. warn them against using such extreme methods 警告他们不要使用这种极端的方法 15. slightly overweight 轻微超重 16. take in enough food 摄入足够的食物 17. stay energetic and fit 保持精力充沛身体健康 18. get into shape 强身健体 19. a balanced diet 均衡的饮食 20. draw their attention 吸引他们的注意力 三、单词变形 1. immediately→ [adv.] 立即，马上 conj. 一……就 immediately [adj.] 立即的；直接的 2. concentrate→ [vi.] & [vt.]集中(注意力、思想等)；全神贯注 concentration→ [n.] 专心，专注；集中 concentrated→ [adj.] 全神贯注的；集中的 3. extreme→ [adj.] 极端的；严重的 [n.] 极端的感情(或境况、行为方式等) extremely→ [adv.] 极端地；非常extremist→ [n.] 极端主义者；过激分子 4. effect→ [n.] 效果，作用；影响 effective→ [adj.] 有效的effectively→ [adv.] 有效地；实际上effectiveness→ [n.] 效率；有效性 5. prove→ linking v. 后来被发现是 [vt.] 证明，证实 proof→ [n.] 证据，证明 6. slightly→ [adv.] 稍微，略微 slight→ [adj.] 轻微的；细小的 slightness→ [n.] 些微，少许 7. nutrition→ [n.] 营养nutritious→ [adj.] 有营养的 nutritiously→ [adv.] 营养地，nutritionist [n.] 营养学家 8. function [vi.] 起作用，正常工作，运转 [n.] 作用，功能，职能 functional [adj.] 实用的；功能的 functionally→[adv.] 功能地；职务上地 9. energetic→ [adj.] 精力充沛的，充满活力的energy [n.] 能量；精力energetically→ [adv.] 精力充沛地；积极地 10. frightened→ [adj.] 害怕的，惊吓的，受惊的fright→ [n.] 惊吓；恐怖frightening→ [adj.] 令人惊恐的，骇人frighteningly→ [adv.] 吓人地，令人恐惧地 11. memory→ [n.] 记忆力，记性；记忆，回忆memorize→ [vt.] 记忆，记住 memorial→ [n.] 纪念碑 [adj.] 纪念的 12. attack→ [n.] 发作；攻击；抨击 [vt.] & [vi.] 攻击；侵袭；attacker [n.] 攻击者；抨击者 13. treatment→ [n.] 治疗；对待，待遇；处理 treat→ [vt.] 对待；处理 [n.] 款待 14. addition→ [n.] 增加，添加；加法add→ [vt.] & [vi.] 增加；补充；扩大additional [adj.] 附加的；额外的additionally→ [adv.] 此外 15. beauty [n.] 美，美丽；美人， 美好的东西beautiful→ [adj.] 美丽的，美好的 beautifully→ [adv.] 美好地；令人满意地 16. fashion→ [n.] 时尚，时兴；流行款式fashionable→ [adj.] 时尚的 17. digital→ [adj.] 数码的，数字的digitally [adv.] 数字化地；数位地digitalize→ [vt.] 数字化 18. strength [n.] 优势；力气，力量；实力strengthen→ [vt.] 增强 [vi.] 变强 strong→ [adj.] 强壮的，强健的；强烈的strongly→ [adv.] 强烈地，坚决地 19. talent→ [n.] 天资，天赋；人才，天才talented→ [adj.] 有才能的；天才的 20. individual→ [adj.] 单独的；个人的 [n.] 个人individually→ [adv.] 分别地；单独地 21. achievement→ [n.] 成就，成绩；达到，完成achieve→ [vt.] 实现；达到；取得 achievable [adj.] 可达到的；可获得的 课文聚焦 一、原文呈现： Teen faints after skipping meals STONECHESTER—A teenage girl fainted yesterday at Stonechester High School after skipping meals. Jennifer Jones, 15, told friends in her class that she was feeling unwell. She then passed out in her morning PE lesson and was rushed to hospital. Jennifer was found to have dangerously low blood sugar levels and was treated immediately. Her worried parents told the doctor that their daughter missed breakfast that day and hardly touched her dinner the night before. Fortunately, she is now out of danger. Her doctor says that she will make a full recovery in a day or two. Jennifer’s classmates hope to see her back at school soon. They say that she has struggled with eating problems for a long time. “Jennifer thought that skipping meals would be a simple way to reach her target weight,” her friend Laura Williams told our reporter. “She has not eaten breakfast for the last few months. She told me she had trouble concentrating in class. I warned her that skipping meals was unhealthy, but she wouldn’t listen.” Jennifer’s case is a reminder of the dangers of the unhealthy weight-loss habits that have become common among teenagers of both sexes. In a society where being thin is often seen as being beautiful, teenagers sometimes turn to extreme methods to slim down quickly. According to a recent survey of senior high school students' lifestyles, almost one fifth of teenagers regularly skip meals, one in ten over-exercise and four per cent even take weight-loss medicine. Health experts are concerned about these figures. They are increasing their efforts to educate teenagers about the side effects of losing weight too quickly. They have also warned them against using such extreme methods. “These so-called quick-fix methods’ prove to be harmful to teenagers. It is normal for teenagers to be slightly overweight and there is no reason why they should be worried. However, for those who are dangerously overweight, it is very important that they try to lose weight properly,” said an expert. She pointed out that it is important to have a healthy balanced diet since teenagers are still growing and their bodies need a lot of nutrition to function well. If they do not take in enough food, they may feel weak and get ill easily. She added, “What’s more, they should keep regular hours and get plenty of exercise to stay energetic and fit. We strongly encourage all teenagers to follow these lifestyle tips, because living well is the safest and most effective way to get into shape.” 二、课文研习： 知识点1 immediately adv. 立即，马上； conj. 一……就…… 【教材原句】Jennifer was found to have dangerously low blood sugar levels and was treated immediately. 医生发现珍妮弗的血糖已经低到了很危险的程度，于是马上对其进行治疗。(教材p44) 【拓展】 一……就…… 的表达 as soon as the +n.( the instant, the moment, the minute) immediately, instantly, directly 【写作佳句】I immediately jumped up on my bicycle seat and started home.我立即骑上自行车，开始回家。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. If you want to catch that train, you’d better set off for the station immediately(immediate). 一句多译 2. 她一回到美国就成功地创立了美国红十字会。 →Upon her return to the United States, she successfully founded the American Red Cross. →Upon returning to the United States, she successfully founded the American Red Cross. →Immediately/Directly/Instantly she returned to the United States, she successfully founded the American Red Cross. →The moment/minute/instant she returned to the United States, she successfully founded the American Red Cross. 知识点2 concentrate vi. & vt. 集中(注意力、思想等); 全神贯注 【教材原句】She told me she had trouble concentrating in class. 她告诉我她在课上注意力不集中。(教材p45) 【拓展】 (1)concentrate(sth. ) on(doing) sth.　　　 集中于/专心于(做)某事 concentrate one’s attention on. . . 把某人的注意力集中到…… concentrate sth. + 介词/副词 使某物集中(或集合、聚集) (2)concentration n. 专心; 关注; 集中; 聚集 注意：concentrate作“专心于”讲时, 可以是及物动词, 也可以是不及物动词。其宾语多为attention, mind, energy, effort, thought等词。 延伸：“专注”多种表达方式 focus/fix one’s attention on sth. put one’s mind in. . . apply oneself/one’s mind to. . . put one’s heart into. . . be absorbed in. . . be lost in. . . be buried in. . . 【写作佳句】She has turned down several invitations to star at shows in order to concentrate on her study.  为了集中精力学习, 她数次拒绝演出邀请。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. We must concentrate our attention on protecting the water resources. 2. Concentration(concentrate) is essential if you want to do a good job. 一句多译 3. 我辞职是为了专心写小说。 →I am leaving to concentrate on writing fiction. →I am leaving to fix/focus my attention on writing fiction. →I am leaving to put my heart into writing fiction. →I am leaving to apply my mind to writing fiction.   知识点3 concerned adj. 担心的, 忧虑的; 关注的, 关切的 【教材原句】Health experts are concerned about these figures. 这些数据引起了健康专家的关注。(教材p45) 【拓展】 (1)be/become concerned about　　　 为……担心; 对……关注 be concerned with 关心; 涉及 as far as sb. be concerned 就某人而言, 在某人看来 (2)concern n. 忧虑, 担心 show/express concern for/over 对……表示关心 (3)concerning prep. 关于,有关 【写作佳句】My mom is really concerned with the health of everyone in our family. 我妈妈非常关心我们家每个人的健康。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 ①He asked several questions concerning(concern) the future of the company. ②The development, however, will raise legal concerns(concern) about privacy and access to individuals’ genetic records. ③I’m sure with our efforts, more and more people will become concerned(concern) about protecting cultural relics. ④A teacher must show concern for every student. 知识点4 effect n. 效果, 作用; 影响 【教材原句】They are increasing their efforts to educate teens about the side effects of losing weight too quickly. 他们加大力度教育青少年有关快速减肥引起的不良反应。(教材p45) 【拓展】 (1)in effect　　　　　　事实上, 实际上 have an effect on 对……有影响 come into effect 生效 side effect 副作用 (2)effective adj. 有效的 (3)effectively adv. 有效地 【写作佳句】Individual talent will have positive effects on team performance. 个人才能对团队表现有积极影响。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. Dr. Chen will introduce some effective(effect) ways of handling pressure through some activities. 2. In this sense, volunteering can effectively(effective) relieve stress and anxiety, and it is good for your mental health. 完成句子 Li Bai, a great poet, wrote a great many excellent poems and all of them have a great effect on. →Li Bai, a great poet, wrote a great many excellent poems, all of which affect Chinese culture greatly. (用定语从句和动词affect改写) 知识点5 take in 摄入，吸收，理解，领悟；将衣物改小；欺骗，上当 【教材原句】They are increasing their efforts to educate teens about the side effects of losing weight too quickly. 他们加大力度教育青少年有关快速减肥引起的不良反应。(教材p45) 【拓展】 take off 　　　　(飞机)起飞; 脱下; 取消; 休假 take on 雇用; 呈现; 承担(责任) take up 占据; 开始从事 take over 接任, 接管 take back 收回 take down 写下, 记下 【写作佳句】Trees can take in CO2 in the air and help to stop global warming from reaching a dangerous level. 树木可以吸收空气中的二氧化碳, 有助于防止全球变暖达到危险水平。 【经典练】 用take的短语填空 1. I’m sorry. I take back what I said. 2. I didn’t take down his phone number. 3. We eventually took off at 11 o’clock and arrived in Juneau at 1: 30. 4. When he heard the news, his face took on a happy expression. 5. I know how busy you must be and naturally I wouldn’t want to take up too much of your time. 6. Would you like me to take over the driving for a while? 知识点6 frightened adj. 害怕的, 惊吓的, 受惊的 【教材原句】I was very frightened when I woke up in hospital last Thursday. 上周四当我在医院醒来时我很害怕。(教材p47) 【拓展】 (1)be frightened of doing sth. 害怕做某事 be frightened to do sth. 不敢做某事 (2)frighten vt. 使惊吓, 使惊恐 frighten sb. to death 把某人吓坏了 (3)frightening adj. 令人恐惧的 (4)fright n. 害怕, 惊恐 【写作佳句】He had tried to coax the dog to him but, frightened, it had run off. 他试图哄那条狗到他跟前, 但它吓坏了, 跑了。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. I’m too frightened to ask(ask)him now 2. He was frightened at/by the scene that so many people were killed during the conflict. 3. The bird came to the window, but I moved suddenly and frightened it away/off. 4. News of the robberies frightened many people into fitting new locks to their doors. 知识点7 contribute vi. & vt. 是……的原因之一; 捐赠, 捐献; 增加, 添加 【教材原句】Noise pollution and light pollution in big cities may also contribute to sleep problems. 大城市的噪音污染和光污染也可能导致睡眠问题。(教材p48) 【拓展】 (1)contribute to 　　　　 促成, 有助于 contribute. . . to. . . 为……捐献…… (2)contribution n. 贡献; 捐助 make contributions/a contribution to. . . 为……做出贡献 【写作佳句】At home, my dad said, “A job’s a big step to growing up. I’m glad you will be contributing to the household.” 在家里, 爸爸说: “工作是成长的一大步。 我很高兴你将对这个家有所贡献。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. I will make contributions(contribute) to our society. 2. I hope my suggestions will contribute to solving(solve) the problem.   3. In Song Dynasty China contributed three great inventions to world civilization.   知识点8 attack n. 发作; 攻击; 抨击 vt. & vi. 攻击; 侵袭; 抨击 【教材原句】In the long term, they may be at increased risk of having a poor memory, being overweight and suffering a heart attack. 从长期看, 他们记忆力差、超重和心脏病发作的风险可能会增加。(教材p48) 【拓展】 (1)make an attack on/upon　 攻击, 向……进攻 under attack 遭到……的攻击/抨击 (2)attack sb. with sth. 　 　 用某物攻击某人 (3)be attacked with. . . (患)病, 得(病) 【写作佳句】But before Mac could open the door, the wolf had caught up and jumped to make an attack on him.  但马克还没来得及打开门, 那只狼就追上了他, 跳起来攻击他。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. Don’t walk alone in the street after dark, or you may get attacked(attack). 2. When an animal is under attack, it can run away or fight back. 完成句子 当多叶植物受到攻击时, 它不会坐以待毙。 When a leafy plant is under attack/attacked, it doesn’t sit quietly.   知识点9 memory n. 记忆力, 记性; 记忆, 回忆 【教材原句】In the long term, they may be at increased risk of having a poor memory, being overweight and suffering a heart attack. 从长期看, 他们记忆力差、超重和心脏病发作的风险可能会增加。(教材p48) 【拓展】 (1)in memory of 　　　 　 为了纪念 in one’s memory 在某人的记忆中 have a good/bad memory for 对……的记忆好/差 (2)memorize vt. 记住 【写作佳句】In memory of our happy times here we’ve planted a little garden. 为了纪念我们在这里的美好时光, 我们建造了一座小花园。  【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. Though time or money may be lost in helping others, these will become our happy memories(memory). 2. He studied his map, trying to memorize(memory) the way to Rose's street. 3. The act itself of unwrapping and finally seeing what was beneath the newspaper was exciting and memorable(memory). 知识点10 pressure n. 压力; 心理压力, 紧张; 要求, 催促 【教材原句】One of the reasons why people fail to get a good night’s sleep is pressure from school or work. 人们晚上睡不好的原因之一是来自学校或工作的压力。(教材p48) 【拓展】 under the pressure of 在……的压力下 put pressure on/upon(sb.) 对(某人)施加压力 relieve/reduce the pressure 缓解/减轻压力 cope with/deal with/handle the pressure 应对压力 【写作佳句】In order to release the pressure of study, I went to Xingxing Farm to pick some oranges together with my classmates last weekend. 为了释放学习的压力, 上周末我和同学们一起去星星农场摘橘子了。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. Did your father put pressure on you? 2. The metal frame tends to twist under pressure. 3. You’re likely to feel anxious and pressured(pressure) 知识点11 amount n. 数量 【教材原句】Everyone knows that the amount of quality sleep that we get is important to us. 每个人都知道我们获得的高质量睡眠对我们很重要。(教材p49) 【拓展】 (1)a large(small) amount of/large(small) amounts of后面的名词只能是不可数名词，但当它们作主语时，句子的谓语动词要与amount的单复数形式保持一致。即：“a large amount of＋不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数；“large amounts of ＋不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 (2)表示“大量的”短语还有a large number of, a great deal of, plenty of, a large quantity of 等。①a great deal of只能修饰不可数名词；②a large number of只能修饰可数名词复数；③a lot of, plenty of, a large quantity of既可以修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词。 【写作佳句】I had not expected such an amount of praise.  我没料到会受到这么多赞扬。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. Large amounts of my pocket money were(be) spent buying new books last year. 2. A great amount of homework has(have) to be done every day, so large quantities of students time are(be) occupied. 完成句子 A large amount of money was spent on the bridge. =Large amounts of money were spent on the bridge. 知识点12 schedule n. 日程安排, 工作计划; 时间表 【教材原句】Try to stick to your sleep schedule at the weekend too, even though weekends are probably the time when you feel like a lie-in. 尽量在周末也坚持你的睡眠时间表，即使周末可能是你想睡懒觉的时候。(教材p49) 【拓展】 (1)ahead of schedule 提前 on schedule 按时, 按时间表 (2)schedule vt. 安排; 为……安排时间 be scheduled to do sth. 按计划/被安排做某事 as schedule 如期, 按计划 【写作佳句】The activity is scheduled to begin at 8: 00 a. m. and end at 10: 30 a. m., lasting more than two hours. 活动定于上午8点开始, 10点30分结束, 持续两个多小时。  【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. The train is behind schedule. You’ll have to wait another fifteen minutes. 2. The plane didn’t arrive on schedule because of the heavy fog. 3. Our guests are scheduled to arrive(arrive) at 7：30 this evening. 完成句子 由于天气原因，运动会提前一周召开。 Because of the weather, the sports meeting was held a week ahead of schedule. 学以致用 一.单词拼写 1．He ________ (晕倒) following a vigorous exercise session at his home yesterday. 【答案】fainted 【详解】句意：昨天在家进行了一次剧烈运动后，他晕倒了。根据汉语提示“晕倒”可知，用动词faint，此处描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，谓语用过去式fainted。 2．Her great ________ (成就) remind us that determination and hard work can truly change lives. 【答案】achievements 【详解】句意：她卓越的成就提醒我们坚定的意志和努力奋斗真的可以改变人生。根据汉语提示“成就”可知，此处为名词achievement，作主语，结合谓语remind可知，使用名词复数形式。 3．The __________ (功能) of education is to prepare us for life. 【答案】function 【详解】句意：教育的功能是为我们的生活做准备。根据汉语提示“功能”可知，用名词function，作主语。 4．Children need enough __________ (营养) to grow healthily and develop strong bones. 【答案】nutrition 【详解】句意：儿童需要充足的营养来健康成长并拥有强健的骨骼。根据汉语提示可知用名词nutrition，作宾语。 5．Our school __________ (校园) is full of energy and laughter every single day. 【答案】campus 【详解】句意：我们的校园日日洋溢着活力与欢声笑语。汉语提示“校园”对应名词campus作主语，谓语is为单数，主语用单数形式。 6．Yesterday many students ________ (跳过) the morning meeting to prepare for the coming exam. 【答案】skipped 【详解】句意：昨天不少学生跳过晨会，备战即将到来的考试。根据汉语提示“跳过”可知，此处为动词skip，根据时间状语yesterday可知，谓语用skip的过去式skipped。 7．She decided to let go of __________ (消极有害的) thoughts and focus on positive aspects. 【答案】negative 【详解】句意：她决定放下消极有害的想法，专注于积极的方面。“消极有害的”修饰名词thoughts，需用形容词negative作定语。 8．The dark clouds cast a long ________ (阴影) across the empty street, making the evening feel even quieter. 【答案】shadow 【详解】句意：乌云在空旷的街道上投下长长的阴影，让夜晚显得更加安静。“阴影”作宾语，用名词shadow，有冠词a修饰，用单数形式。 9．In ________ (除……之外), important advances have been made in medicine and environmental science. 【答案】addition 【详解】句意：此外，在医学和环境科学领域也取得了重要的进展。结合空前的“In”可知，“除……之外”应用名词addition，作宾语，构成固定短语in addition“此外”。 10．The ________(受到惊吓的) child hid behind his mother. 【答案】frightened 【详解】句意：受到惊吓的孩子躲在他妈妈身后。根据汉语提示可知，应使用形容词frightened“受到惊吓的”，作定语修饰名词child。 11．So many ________ (方面) of Beijing Opera come from ancient traditions. 【答案】aspects 【详解】句意：京剧的诸多方面都源自古代传统。根据汉语提示“方面”可知，空处应用可数名词aspect，many后需接aspect的复数形式aspects。 12．He has a natural ________ (天赋) for drawing and hopes to become an artist. 【答案】talent 【详解】句意：他在绘画方面有天生的天赋，希望成为一名艺术家。空白处在句子中作宾语，使用名词，根据汉语提示可知，此处应填表示“天赋”含义的名词 talent，前面有不定冠词 a 修饰，因此使用单词原形。 13．You should fill out the ________ (申请) form carefully before submitting it. 【答案】application 【详解】句意：在提交之前，你应该仔细填写申请表。根据汉语提示“申请”可知，此处应填名词application，在句中作定语修饰名词form，application form意为“申请表”。 14．Our project is three weeks behind ________ (计划表). 【答案】schedule 【详解】句意：我们的项目进度比原计划晚了三周。根据汉语提示可知用名词schedule，作宾语。 15．They hope this new evidence will ___________ (证明) her innocence. 【答案】prove 【详解】句意：他们希望这一新证据能证明她的清白。“证明”作谓语，用动词prove，在助动词will后用原形，构成一般将来时态。 二、单句填空 1．This year the company has concentrated on (improve) performance in all the areas． 2．Watermelon is (effect) in reducing both your body temperature and blood pressure． 3．This is a second­hand car，but it (function) well． 4．She arranged for a flight on a small plane to be held for me，re­routed (改道) me through Newark and got me back to the UK even earlier than originally (schedule)． 5．The conference ended up (sign) no agreement． 6．There's no need to worry about him，for he is (slight) injured． 7．I wonder how the old man of his age manages to be so (energy)． 8．Hearing the words，the old man got (extreme) angry and left the room． 9．When facing a hard question，most people can't give an answer (immediate)． 10．The injured were under medical (treat) at the moment． 11．She has turned down several invitations to star at shows in order to concentrate her studies． 12．Global warming is having great effect on hundreds of plant and animal species around the world． 13．These inventions have brought us happiness and are performing important function in our life．We shouldn't ignore their disadvantages． 14．The press conference is scheduled Friday afternoon． 15．When Mr．Green retired，his son took the business from him． 1．Improving 2． effective 3．functions 4． scheduled 5．Signing 6．Slightly 7．Energetic 8．Extremely 9．Immediately 10． treatment 11．On 12． a 13．An 14． for 15．over 二、词组填空 end up focus on take pride in guard against contribute to live up to slow down go off show off stay up 1. You will be tired tomorrow if you___________late tonight. 2. She _____________her sons' achievements, both of whom are aircraft engineers. 3. It was said that smoking______________his early death. 4. The car______________because there was ice on the road. 5. The lights suddenly______________and we were left in the dark. 6. Regular exercise helps_____________a lot of illnesses. 7. The concert was fantastic—it____________ all our expectations. 8. The report____________some of the most serious problems facing the country. 9. Tom____________his new digital watch to his classmates right now. 10. Many girls skip meals to lose weight but most of them____________putting on weight again. 1. stay up 2. takes pride in 3. contributed to 4. slowed down 5.went off 6. guard against 7. lived up to 8. focuses on 9. is showing off 10. end up 三、完成句子 11．我很小的时候就爱上了书本。除了从阅读中获取知识，我还能获得快乐和灵感。 I love with books at an early age. to reading for knowledge, I read for fun and inspiration. 12．There is (一条基于……的著名谚语) the philosophy of Aristotle: “We are what we repeatedly do.” (用非谓语) (根据汉语提示完成句子) 13．大卫已决心不辜负公司的期望。 David has determined to the expectations of the company. 14．我希望你们能去卢浮宫亲自感受一下这些伟大艺术品的力与美。 I hope you can visit the Louvre one day to feel of these great for yourselves. 15．All of us should (不辜负) our parents’ expectation. (根据汉语提示填空) 16．此外，潼南一年一度的菜花节也有益于当地经济发展。 In , the annual Rape Flower Festival our local economic development in Tongnan. 17．I (结果) spending the entire journey from the Spanish border to Lisbon, (躺在地上), with my head about 2 inches from a smelly toilet. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 18．这个故事使我想起了一句谚语“不能以貌取人”。 This story that “Never judge a person by his appearance”. 19．Although some foreign students live in , Xie Lei chose to live with a host family who can help with her the new culture. 虽然一些留学生住在学校里，但谢蕾选择住在寄宿家庭，这有助于她适应异国文化。 20．He had run up credit card debts of thousands of dollars, which (使忧心忡忡) him like a cloud, causing him constant worry and anxiety. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 11． fell in In addition 【详解】考查固定短语。表示“爱上”短语为fall in love with，根据后文at an early age可知为一般过去时；表示“除了……还”短语为in addition to，首字母大写。故填①fell；②in；③In；④addition。 12．a famous saying based on 【详解】考查形容词、名词和非谓语动词。句意：有一条基于亚里士多德哲学思想的著名谚语说道：“重复的行为造就了我们。”“一条著名谚语”可用名词短语a famous saying，作there be句型的主语，“基于……的”是修饰saying的成分，可用动词短语base… on…表示“使……建立在……基础上”，和saying逻辑上是被动关系，因此用其过去分词形式作后置定语。故填a famous saying based on。 13． live up to 【详解】考查固定短语。根据句意，表示“不辜负”应为固定短语live up to，位于不定式符号to之后，所以此处使用动词原形。故填①live②up③to。 14． the beauty and power works of art/artworks 【详解】考查名词。表示“力与美”应用名词短语the beauty and power作宾语，表示“艺术品”应用名词短语works of art或artworks作宾语。故填①the beauty and power②works of art/artworks。 15．live up to 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：我们都应该不辜负父母的期望。根据提示的汉语，表示“不辜负”应为live up to，此空位于should之后，所以应为动词原形。故填live up to。 16． addition benefits 【详解】考查名词和动词。结合空前的In可知，①空用名词addition，in addition“此外”，为固定短语。②空格处应表达“有益于”，用动词benefit，结合annual可知，本句陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，且主语为Rape Flower Festival，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填①addition；②benefits。 17． ended up lying on the floor 【详解】 考查动词（短语）、介词短语和非谓语动词。句意：最后，从西班牙边境到里斯本的整个旅程中，我都躺在地板上，头离臭马桶只有两英寸远。第一空表示“结果”，应用动词短语end up，根据语境可知为一般过去时；第二空表示“躺在地上”，应用动词短语lie on the floor，是非谓语动词，与I逻辑上是主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填①ended up；②lying on the floor。 18．reminds me of a saying 【详解】考查动词短语。表示“让某人想起某事”应用动词短语remind sb of sth，表示“我”应用宾格me，表示“一句谚语”应用a saying。此处可理解为描述现在的情况，应用一般现在时。主语story为第三人称单数，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填reminds me of a saying。 19． campus accommodation adaptation to 【详解】考查名词短语、固定搭配。介词in后表示“学校里（校园住宿）”为名词短语campus accommodation(不可数),作宾语；形容词性物主代词her后表示“适应”为名词adaptation(不可数)，作介词with的宾语，adaptation to是固定搭配。故填①campus；②accommodation；③adaptation；④to。 20． hung over 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：他积欠了数千元的信用卡借款，这像乌云一样笼罩在他的头上，使他不断感到担忧和焦虑。结合“like a cloud”可知，“使忧心忡忡”可用动词短语hang over，表示“（不愉快的事）威胁着，使担心”，且which引导的从句描述的是过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，hang需用过去式的形式。故填①hung；②over。 四、课文语法填空 A teenage girl named Jennifer Jones fainted in her PE lesson and 1． (rush) to hospital．Jennifer was treated immediately and her parents told the doctor that their daughter had missed breakfast that day．Fortunately，Jennifer's doctor said that she would make a full 2． (recover) soon．Jennifer's classmates said that she had struggled with eating problems for a long time，for she thought that 3． (skip) meals was a simple way to lose weight． Jennifer's case is a reminder of the dangers of the unhealthy weight­loss habits 4． have become common among teenagers．A recent survey shows that some teenagers lose weight 5． (use) some extreme methods，such 6． skipping meals and eating weight­loss pills．7． expert said that it was normal for teenagers to be 8． (slight) overweight and there is no reason why they should be worried．She adds，“It is important to have a healthy balanced diet since teenagers are still growing and their bodies need a lot of nutrition 9． (function)well．What's more，they should keep regular hours and get plenty of exercise to stay 10． (energy) and fit．Living well is the safest and most effective way to get into shape．” 参考答案 1. was rushed 2. recovery 3. skipping 4. that/which 5. using 6. as 7. an 8. slightly 9. to function 10. energetic 1. was rushed 原句：A teenage girl named Jennifer Jones fainted in her PE lesson and was rushed to hospital. 翻译：一个名叫詹妮弗・琼斯的少女在体育课上晕倒，被紧急送往医院。 解析： · 主语 girl 和 rush（快速送医）是被动关系，女孩 “被送去医院”； · and 连接并列谓语，前半句 fainted 为一般过去时，本句用一般过去时被动语态； · 主语单数，结构：was + 过去分词 rushed。 2. recovery 原句：she would make a full recovery soon. 翻译：她很快就能完全康复。 解析： · 形容词 full 后需要名词作 make 的宾语； · recover 是动词 “恢复”，名词形式 recovery； · 固定搭配：make a full recovery 完全康复。 3. skipping 原句：she thought that skipping meals was a simple way to lose weight. 翻译：她认为不吃饭是简单的减肥方法。 解析： 宾语从句中缺少主语，动词 skip 不能直接作主语，改为动名词 skipping，表 “节食、不吃正餐” 这件事。 4. that/which 原句：the unhealthy weight-loss habits that/which have become common among teenagers 翻译：在青少年中十分普遍的不健康减肥习惯 解析： 定语从句，先行词 habits（事物），关系代词在从句中作主语，可用 that 或者 which。 5. using 原句：some teenagers lose weight using some extreme methods 翻译：一些青少年采用极端方式减肥 解析： 句子已有谓语 lose weight，use 是次要动作；主语 teenagers 与 use 是主动关系，现在分词 using 作方式状语，表示 “采用…… 方式”。 6. as 原句：such as skipping meals and eating weight-loss pills 翻译：比如节食、吃减肥药 解析：固定短语 such as，意为 “例如，比如”，后接举例内容。 7. an 原句：An expert said that it was normal for teenagers… 翻译：一位专家表示青少年轻微超重是正常现象 解析： expert 是以元音音素 /e/ 开头的可数名词单数，表示 “一位”，不定冠词用 an，句首首字母大写。 8. slightly 原句：to be slightly overweight 翻译：轻微超重 解析： 修饰形容词 overweight 要用副词；slight 是形容词 “轻微的”，副词形式 slightly。 9. to function 原句：their bodies need a lot of nutrition to function well 翻译：他们的身体需要大量营养才能正常运转 解析： 不定式 to function 作目的状语，表示 “需要营养” 的目的是让身体正常运作。 10. energetic 原句：get plenty of exercise to stay energetic and fit 翻译：多运动，保持精力充沛、身体健康 解析： stay 为系动词，后面接形容词作表语；energy 是名词 “精力”，形容词 energetic（精力充沛的）。 3 / 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $