专题12 Unit 4 Looking Good,Feeling Good 语法、写作讲解（暑假讲义）-2026年新高一英语暑期预习讲义 （译林版）

专题12 Unit 4 Looking Good,Feeling Good 语法、写作讲解 语法：关系副词引导定语从句 巧梳理·知识框图 当先行词在定语从句中作状语时，要用关系副词引导定语从句。常用的关系副词主要有where，when，why。 1．关系副词where where引导的定语从句的先行词往往是表示地点的名词(如place，room，house，spot等)，关系副词where在从句中作地点状语。常用in which，at which，on which等代替。 They are playing in the park where(＝in which) there are many flowers. 他们正在有很多花的公园里玩耍。 The office where(＝at which) the girl works is not far from here. 这个女孩工作的办公室离这儿不远。 [疑难点津] 有一些先行词，如point，stage，position，case，condition等，属于抽象的地点名词，如果定语从句中缺状语，需用where引导。 You reach a point in any project where you just want to get the thing finished. 从事任何项目你都会进入一种境界：一心想完成它。 We reached a stage where we had to answer violence with violence. 我们到了必须用暴力来对抗暴力的境地。 2．关系副词when when引导定语从句时，先行词往往是表示时间的名词(如time，day，week，month，year等)，关系副词when在从句中作时间状语。常用on which，in which，at which，during which等代替。 There used to be a time when(＝during which) I hated going to school. 我有一段时间不愿意去上学。 I’ll never forget the day when(＝on which) I left for college with my father. 我永远不会忘记我和父亲动身去大学的那天。 3．关系副词why why引导定语从句时，先行词常为reason，关系副词why在从句中作原因状语。可用for which代替。 Can you explain the reason why(＝for which) you don’t help him? 你能解释一下不帮助他的原因吗？ Can you tell me the reason why you didn’t come to his birthday party? 你能告诉我你没参加他的生日宴会的原因吗？ [疑难点津] 表示时间、地点及原因的名词作先行词时，定语从句可用关系代词引导，也可用关系副词引导。若先行词在定语从句中作状语时，应用关系副词；若先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语等时，则应用关系代词。试比较： Do you remember the days when we chatted with each other all night? 你还记得我们整夜聊天的那些日子吗？(when在从句中作状语) Do you remember the days that/which we spent together on the farm? 你还记得我们在农场一起度过的那些日子吗？(that或which作spent的宾语) I don’t know the reason why he didn’t turn to his good friend for help yesterday. 我不知道昨天他为什么没向他的好朋友求助。(why作原因状语) I won’t listen to the reason that/which you have given us. 我坚决不听你提供给我们的那个理由。(定语从句中缺少宾语，所以用which/that，不用why) 随堂训练 一.单句语法填空 1．Do you still remember the day I first saw you? 2．This is the reason I passed out that day. 3．I’ll never forget the day on I was attacked by a shark. 4．The picture called up the days we spent together. 5．You will get into a position you have to decide immediately. 6．The reason he explained at the meeting was not reasonable. 7．The basketball match is (schedule) to be held in the new stadium next month. 8．It is reported that large amount of money has been spent on the new bridge. 【答案】1.when 2.why 3.which 4.that/which5.where 6.that/which7.scheduled8.a 二.用定语从句完成句子 1． was that he was stuck in a traffic jam. 他上班迟到的原因是陷入了交通堵塞中。 2．This is the house . 这是一位著名艺术家多年前住过的房子。 3．There was a time . 曾经有一段时间，女性被瞧不起。 4． is owned by my uncle. 那个种着玫瑰花的花园为我叔叔所有。 【答案】1.The reason why he was late for work 2.where a famous artist lived years ago 3.when women were looked down upon 4.The garden where roses are planted 三.用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空 1．This is the house Shakespeare was born. 2．He didn’t tell me the reason he was so excited. 3．He has written two novels，both of have been made into television series. 4．Do you still remember the day we met on the train for the first time? 5．They all lent a helping hand to the man house had been burnt down. 6．This is the park in we had a picnic last Sunday. 7．She is the person you can turn to for help. 8．Do you still remember those days we spent in that poor wooden house? 9．Give me a reason is different from the one you gave last time. 10．This is the museum we visited during our class trip. 【答案】1.where 2.why 3.which 4.when 5.whose 6.which 7.who/whom/that8.which/that9.which/that10.that/which 四.单句写作(含定语从句) 1．我永远不会忘记第一次见到你的那一天。 . 2．我仍然记得我父亲10年前工作的那个农场。 . 3．你知道她晕倒的原因吗？ ? 4．正和我妈妈说话的那个人是位诗人。 . 5．我不喜欢你说话的方式。 . 【答案】1.I will never forget the day when I first saw you. 2.I still remember the farm where my father worked 10 years ago. 3.Do you know the reason why she fainted 4.The man who is talking with my mother is a poet. 5.I don’t like the way (that/in which) you speak. 写作精讲 对整形手术发表看法 表达观点的增分佳句 引出话题 ①Recently the problem of...has been brought into focus.最近……问题引起了关注。 ②Recently our class has had a heated discussion about...最近,我们班就……展开了热烈的讨论。 ③Nowadays...has become a problem we have to face.现在……已成为我们不得不面对的问题。 发表看法并 加以论证 ①Every coin has two sides and...is no exception. It has both advantages and disadvantages.事物都有两面性……也不例外。它既有有利的一面,也有不利的一面。 ②As the old saying goes,...老话说,…… ③There are different opinions among people as to...Some people think that...关于……人们有不同的观点。一些人认为…… ④Today...have brought a lot of harm to our daily life. First,...Second,...What makes things worse is that...现在……给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。首先,……其次,……更糟糕的是…… 总结 ①From what has been discussed above, we can safely draw the conclusion that...通过以上讨论,我们可以有把握地得出结论…… ②From my point of view, it would be better if...在我看来,如果……会更好。 ③In a word, it is not a good way to judge a person by appearance.总之,以貌取人不是一个好方法。 ④In my opinion/As far as I am concerned, a person's appearance does not always reflect his character.在我看来/就我而言,一个人的外表并不总是反映他的性格。 写作题目 　　最近,社会上的整形医院越来越多,一些人,尤其是年轻人,热衷于整形手术。请你对此现象发表看法,并对自己的观点加以论证。 注意:写作词数应为80个左右。 Should young people have plastic surgery? Recently, plastic surgery hospitals have sprung up all over the society. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  思路点拨 遣词造句 一.用本单元所学单词或短语填空 1.　　　　　 n.美,美丽;美人,美好的东西  2.　　　　　 n.影响  3.　　　　　整形手术  4.　　　　　此外  【答案】1.beauty　2.effect　3.plastic surgery 4.in addition 二.本单元语块、语法运用 1.完成句子 第一段:引出整形手术的话题 (1)Some young people 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(渴望做) plastic surgery.  (2)In this regard, I want to 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(表达我的观点).  第二段:发表看法并对自己的观点加以论证 (3)I don't 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(赞同这一社会趋势) that young people go for plastic surgery.  (4)Plastic surgery deepens the bad effect of 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(以貌取人).  (5)The beautiful appearance of a person cannot 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 (弥补) the lack of inner beauty.  第三段:表达希望 (6) I hope young people can 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(做慎重的决定) on plastic surgery.  【答案】(1)are eager to have　(2)express my views　(3)agree with the social trend(4)judging people by appearance　(5)make up for　(6)make a careful decision 2.句式升级 (7)将句(3)和句(4)合并为含原因状语从句的句子 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  (8)用no matter how将句(5)改写为主从复合句 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  【答案】(7)I don't agree with the social trend that young people go for plastic surgery, because it deepens the bad effect of judging people by appearance. (8)No matter how beautiful the appearance of a person is, it cannot make up for the lack of inner beauty. 连句成篇 Should young people have plastic surgery? 　　Recently, plastic surgery hospitals have sprung up all over the society. Some young people are eager to have plastic surgery. In this regard, I want to express my views.  I don't agree with the the bad effect of judging people by appearance. In addition, according to the news about the death in recent years, a large number of irregular plastic surgery hospitals in the society cannot guarantee the life safety. From my point of view, true beauty comes from the a person is, it cannot make up for the lack of inner beauty.  Therefore, I hope young people can make a careful decision on plastic surgery. 实战演练 (2025江苏省苏州第一中学校月考) 　　如今,整形手术越来越受年轻人的欢迎。他们认为改善外表可以使他们增加自信。但是,整形手术有很多弊端:手术费用高、存在健康风险、整形效果不一定令人满意等。结论:年轻人没有必要接受整形手术,内在美比外在美更重要。 注意:写作词数应为80个左右。 Plastic surgery: beauty or beast? 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  【答案】 Plastic surgery: beauty or beast? Nowadays, plastic surgery is becoming increasingly popular among young people, because they believe they can gain self-confidence by improving appearance. However, there is no doubt that it has many disadvantages. First of all, plastic surgery is very expensive. In addition, any kind of surgery carries potential health risk. Plastic surgery is no exception. Finally, people might not get satisfactory results from it. After all, no one can make sure that the results of plastic surgery will be exactly what the patient has expected. In conclusion, there is no need for young people to have plastic surgery. Inner beauty is more important than external beauty. 1.重点词汇 ①in addition另外　②satisfactory adj.令人满意的;够好的;可以的　③after all毕竟,终究　④make sure确保 ⑤in conclusion总之 2.亮点句型 ①Nowadays, plastic surgery is becoming increasingly popular among young people, because they believe they can gain self-confidence by improving appearance.(because引导原因状语从句;动词believe后是宾语从句)如今,整形手术在年轻人中越来越流行,因为他们认为可以通过改善外貌来增加自信。  ②After all, no one can make sure that the results of plastic surgery will be exactly what the patient has expected.(that引导宾语从句;what引导表语从句)毕竟,没有人能保证整形手术的结果正是患者期望的样子。  综合训练 一.语法专练 （1）单句语法填空 1.I went to the company 　　　　　 I worked ten years ago.  2.We can't accept the reason for 　　　　　 you were absent.  3.He picked me up at the bus station 　　　　　 he had dropped me off four days before.  4.The Spring Festival is an occasion 　　　　　 Chinese people are reunited with family members.  5.The reason 　　　　　 he came to the party was that he wanted to see Jane.  6.We spent a few days on an island 　　　　　 the scenery was beautiful beyond description.  7.There was a time 　　　　　 which people might have felt awkward about asking for a single table.  8.I'll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 　　　　　 which over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter(数字清理).  9.Self-driving is an area 　　　　　 China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.  10.Can you think of a situation 　　　　　 the idiom can be used?  11.I enjoyed the evening 　　　　　 we stayed together by the sea.  12.The reason 　　　　　 he didn't want to go was that he didn't have enough money.  1.【答案】where　 【解析】考查定语从句。句意:我去了十年前我工作的那家公司。关系词在定语从句中作地点状语,所以应用关系副词where。 2.【答案】which　 【解析】考查定语从句。句意:我们不能接受你缺席的原因。关系词指代先行词the reason,在定语从句中作介词for的宾语,所以应用关系代词which,for which相当于关系副词why。故填which。 3.【答案】where　 【解析】考查定语从句。句意:他在四天前让我下车的那个公共汽车站接我。关系词在定语从句中作地点状语,所以应用关系副词where。 4.【答案】when　 【解析】考查定语从句。设空处引导定语从句,先行词为an occasion,意为“时刻;场合”,此处指时间,关系词在从句中作时间状语。故填when。句意:春节是中国人与家人团聚的时刻。 5.【答案】why　 【解析】考查定语从句。设空处引导定语从句,先行词为The reason,表原因,关系词在从句中作原因状语。故填why。句意:他来参加聚会的原因是他想见简。 6.【答案】where　 【解析】考查定语从句。句意:我们在一个岛上待了几天,那里的景色美得难以形容。先行词为an island,表地点,关系词在从句中作地点状语。故填where。 7.【答案】in/during　 【解析】考查“介词+which”引导定语从句。分析可知,设空处和其后的which一起引导定语从句。根据语境和先行词time可知这里指“在一段时间里”,故填in或during。句意:曾经有一段时间,人们可能会因为要一张单人桌而感到尴尬。 8.【答案】in　 【解析】考查“介词+which”引导定语从句。分析可知,“I ran in 2018”是定语从句,修饰先行词an experiment,设空处和其后的which一起引导定语从句,也修饰先行词an experiment,结合句意可知,此处表示“在实验中”,experiment常与介词in搭配。故填in。句意:我会利用我在2018年做的一项实验,在这个实验中,有一千六百多人同意实施数字清理。 9.【答案】where　 【解析】考查定语从句。句意:自动驾驶是一个中国和世界的其他国家处于同一起跑线的领域。先行词为an area,表示抽象地点,关系词在定语从句中作地点状语,应用关系副词where。 10.【答案】where　 【解析】考查定语从句。句意:你能想出一个能用这个习语的情况吗?先行词为a situation,表示抽象地点,关系词在定语从句中作地点状语,所以应用关系副词where。 11.【答案】when　 【解析】考查定语从句。句意:我喜欢我们一起在海边度过的那个夜晚。先行词为the evening,关系词在定语从句中作时间状语,所以用关系副词when。 12.【答案】why　 【解析】考查定语从句。句意:他不想去的原因是他没有足够的钱。先行词为The reason,关系词在定语从句中作原因状语,所以要用关系副词why。 （2）.完成句子 1.做运动给人们带来身体上的好处。此外,它改善心理健康。 Doing sports brings people physical benefits. 　　　　 　　　　, 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　.  2.经常锻炼加上合理的饮食,从长远来看,对我们的健康有益。 　　　　 　　　　, along with proper diet, benefits our health 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　.  3.这种精神压力在很大程度上导致了她的健康问题。(contribute) This kind of stress 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 her health problems.  4.The method proved to be very effective.(句型转换:改为主从复合句) →　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 the method was very effective.  【答案】1.In addition;it improves mental health　2.Regular exercise;in the long term　3.largely contributed to　4.It was proved that 二．写作训练 1.高中生在成长的过程中会碰到一些烦恼。请你依据下表中所提供的信息，写一篇英文演讲稿，并作为学生代表在班会课上发言。词数150左右。 烦恼 解决办法 外形不美 不必在意，关注内在美 朋友少，不被他人理解 多参加活动，多与别人交流 与父母有代沟，经常吵架 加强沟通，互相理解 学习成绩不好，压力大 ？ 注意： 1．开头已写好，不记入词数; 2．语言通顺，结构严谨。 参考词汇：内在美 inner beauty    除去 get rid of Boys and girls: We high school students do have some growing pains, but we can get rid of them correctly and wisely. That’s all. Thank you. 【答案】 Boys and girls: We high school students do have some growing pains, but we can get rid of them correctly and wisely. First, some of us are upset about their body styles and looks. It’s unnecessary and it’s not important at all. We needn’t care about it. It is one’s inner beauty that matters. Second, some of us have fewer friends. I think being open-minded and friendly will do you good. We sometimes seem to be misunderstood by our teachers or classmates. Faced with this, we can find a proper time to have a heart-to-heart talk with them, trying to remove the misunderstanding. Third, some of us often quarrel with our parents because of the generation gap between us. It is necessary for us to communicate with our parents after school, telling them what we think or what we want to do in the future. Last of all, we may fall behind others, which makes us stressed. Actually we can encourage ourselves to work efficiently, full of determination.That’s all. Thank you. 【详解】首先审题，请你依据下表中所提供的信息，写一篇英文演讲稿，并作为学生代表在班会课上发言。任务中给出的提示信息包含如下内容：外形不美，不必在意，关注内在美；朋友少，不被他人理解，多参加活动，多与别人交流；与父母有代沟，经常吵架，加强沟通，互相理解；学习成绩不好，压力大……抓住了这亮点，我们就抓住了文章的核心内容。其次选用正确的人称和时态，考虑用一般现在时，第一人称来写。然后写出单个句子，使用正确的连词，连句成段。具体来说，写这篇文章时，要注意: 要注意:  提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。这篇文章对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。 2．假如你是李华，你们学校就“青少年是否应该整容”的问题进行讨论，要求每个同学用书信的形式投稿，发表自己的意见。请根据下面的提示写一篇短文。 1．你的观点：青少年不应该整容； 2．你的理由：对身体有害；分散学习的注意力；中学生过分注重外表不合适…… 注意： 1．词数80左右； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】One possible version: Dear Editor， I’m Li Hua. I’m writing to express my opinions about whether teenagers should have plastic surgery. I strongly hold the view that teenagers shouldn’t have plastic surgery. Firstly, a teenager should not care about his appearance too much, but concentrate on his lessons. In other words, a teenager should improve himself by working hard. Secondly, a teenager is still growing and such surgery is likely to harm his health. Some teenagers had plastic surgery, which stopped them from returning to a normal life. Therefore, they regret having the surgery. In a word, a teenager should keep away from plastic surgery, read more books and lead a meaningful life. Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。题目要求考生就“青少年是否应该整容”的问题发表自己的意见，写一封书信投稿，需陈述自己的观点，详述支撑该观点的理由。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 表达：express→convey 看法：opinion→view, thought 专注于：concentrate on→focus on 换句话说：in other words→that is to say 阻止某人做某事：stop sb. from doing sth.→prevent sb. from doing sth. 总之：in a word→in short, in brief 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Secondly, a teenager is still growing and such surgery is likely to harm his health. 拓展句：Secondly, a teenager is still growing and it is likely that such surgery will harm his health. 【点睛】[高分句型1] I’m writing to express my opinions about whether teenagers should have plastic surgery. (运用了whether引导宾语从句) [高分句型2] I strongly hold the view that teenagers shouldn’t have plastic surgery. (运用了that引导同位语从句) [高分句型3] Some teenagers had plastic surgery, which stopped them from returning to a normal life. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句) 3.假定你是李华，你的美国好友Bernadette发来邮件说，她很羡慕明星和模特的身材，但自己却不够苗条，为此感到很焦虑，非常希望得到你的帮助。请你给她回一封邮件并提出一些建议，内容包括： 1. 写信目的； 2. 提出建议； 3. 表达祝愿。 注意：1. 词数100左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Dear Bernadette, Hearing that you are suffering from body shame, I'd like to make some suggestions. First of all, if I were you, I would stop projecting the figure of those stars or models on myself, because that is the result of their career choice, not a common phenomenon. Second, talk to someone you trust about how you feel, which is a good way to release anxiety. Last, why not find something you like about your body? You will realize that beauty means more than being slim. Hope my suggestions will be useful to help you rebuild confidence. Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。美国好友Bernadette发来邮件说，她很羡慕明星和模特的身材，但自己却不够苗条，为此感到很焦虑，非常希望得到李华的帮助。要求考生李华给她回一封邮件并提出一些建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 建议：advice →suggestion 首先：at first →first of all 意识到：be aware of →realize 有用的：helpful → useful 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Hearing that you are suffering from body shame, I’d like to make some suggestions. 拓展句：After I hear that you are suffering from body shame, I’d like to make some suggestions. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Second, talk to someone you trust about how you feel, which is a good way to release anxiety.（运用了祈使句以及which引导的非限制性定语从句和how引导的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】You will realize that beauty means more than being slim.（运用that引导的宾语从句） 3.古语说得好：“不要以貌取人”。不幸的是，关于外表的负面思绪可能会像乌云一样始终笼罩着我们，对我们产生负面的影响。成因非常重要。首先，媒体的审美标准对我们来说难以企及，最终让我们觉得自己更糟。其次，朋友也会影响我们对外表的看法，让我们更容易活在他们的阴影之下或陷入和他们的比较之中。为了应对它们，我们应该专注于自己的强项，增强自信，而不是盲从那些我们达不到的流行审美标准。其次，通过积极参加一些社交活动来转移我们在这些消极想法上的注意力也是可行的。记住，每个人都是独一无二的。内在美远比外在美重要。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 As an old saying goes, “Don’t judge a book by its cover.” Unfortunately, negative thoughts about appearance can constantly loom over us like dark clouds, exerting negative influences on us. The causes are quite significant. Firstly, the aesthetic standards set by the media are beyond our reach, eventually making us feel worse about ourselves. Secondly, friends can also affect our views on appearance, making it easier for us to live in their shadow or get trapped in comparisons with them. To deal with them, we should focus on our own strengths and enhance our confidence instead of blindly following the popular aesthetic standards that we can’t meet. Secondly, it’s feasible to divert our attention from these negative thoughts by actively participating in some social activities. Remember, everyone is unique. Inner beauty is far more important than outer beauty. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于英文中的短文写作。要求考生围绕“外表”这一主题展开写作，指出内在美远比外在美重要。 【详解】1.词汇积累 重要的：significant→ important 首先：firstly→ first of all 影响：affect→ influence 提高：enhance→ improve 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Unfortunately, negative thoughts about appearance can constantly loom over us like dark clouds, exerting negative influences on us. 拓展句：Unfortunately, negative thoughts about appearance can constantly loom over us like dark clouds, which exerts negative influences on us. 【点睛】【高分句型1】As an old saying goes, “Don’t judge a book by its cover.”（运用了as引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】To deal with them, we should focus on our own strengths and enhance our confidence instead of blindly following the popular aesthetic standards that we can’t meet.（运用了that引导的定语从句） 4．最近你校学生会组织学生开展了一次题目为“What is the beauty standard”的讨论活动。假如你是学生会主席，请根据下表学生讨论的结果写一份总结材料，并谈谈你的看法。 学生观点 理由 好脸蛋就是一封介绍信 在社交、竞争、求职等方面作用大 漂亮不能当饭吃 追求外在美而放弃内在美不是真正的美 注意： 1. 词数100左右，标题和开头已经给出，不计入总词数。 2. 参考词汇：求职介绍信—recommendation What is the beauty standard? What does beauty really mean? Everybody has his own definition. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】One possible version: Some students think that a good face is a letter of recommendation. Good appearance often makes a big difference in social communication, competition, finding jobs and so on. Not only can it help you become more confident, but also it helps you be impressed. Physical beauty is likely to draw much attention. Others, however, hold the idea that good appearance will buy no beef. Inner beauty is more important. A beautiful person is not the one with good looks, but the one with a broad and kind heart. In my opinion, the standard of beauty changes with societies, cultures and nations. Some hold the point that good appearance is of great importance, which is visible to all. Others have the idea that inner beauty is the loveliest one, which lasts long. However different they might be, their opinions are all acceptable. 【导语】这是一篇议论文。要求考生根据“What is the beauty standard”讨论的结果写一份总结材料，并发表自己的看法。 【详解】1.词汇积累 吸引：draw→attract 在我看来：in my opinion→from my point of view 重要性：importance→significance 可能做某事：be likely to do→it is likely that... 2.句型拓展 同义句 原句：Physical beauty is likely to draw much attention. 拓展句：It is likely that physical beauty can draw much attention. 【点睛】[高分句型1]Not only can it help you become more confident, but also it helps you be impressed. Physical beauty is likely to draw much attention.（运用了部分倒装） [高分句型2]Others, however, hold the idea that good appearance will buy no beef.（运用了that引导的同位语从句） [高分句型3]Some hold the point that good appearance is of great importance, which is visible to all.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 5．假定你是学生李华。你校准备举办一场关于美学教育的专场讲座，现正在征集学生们感兴趣的话题。请你用英语给负责人Julie 写一封邮件，表达自己的想法，内容包括： 1. 是否应当追求外在美；    2. 内在美有哪些具体表现；    3. 如何在生活中发现美。 注意：写作词数应为80 左右。 Dear Julie, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________   Best regards, Li Hua 【答案】One possible version: Dear Julie, I’m writing to express some of my expectations about the upcoming lecture. Firstly, I hope the lecture will address the topic of whether high school students should pursue exterior beauty, as many of us often feel pressured to meet certain standards. Moreover, I’d love to learn about the aspects of inner beauty. Understanding qualities like kindness, compassion, and honesty can help us focus on personal growth. Lastly, I’d like to know how to discover beauty in our daily life, involving developing an awareness of the present moment and embracing gratitude for simple things.                         Best regards, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作中的信件。要求考生给即将在学校举办关于美学教育的专场讲座的负责人Julie写封信，表达一些自己的想法。 【详解】1.词汇积累 首先：firstly→ first of all 此外：moreover → what’s more/in addition 专注于：focus on → concentrate on 感激：gratitude→ appreciation 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Lastly, I’d like to know how to discover beauty in our daily life, involving developing an awareness of the present moment and embracing gratitude for simple things. 拓展句：Lastly, I’d like to know how to discover beauty in our daily life, which involves developing an awareness of the present moment and embracing gratitude for simple things. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Firstly, I hope the lecture will address the topic of whether high school students should pursue exterior beauty, as many of us often feel pressured to meet certain standards.（运用了whether引导的宾语从句和as引导的状语从句） 【高分句型2】Understanding qualities like kindness, compassion, and honesty can help us focus on personal growth.（运用了动名词担当主语） 7. Plastic surgery: beauty or beast? 现如今，整形手术越来越受年轻人的欢迎。他们认为通过改善外表可以使他们增加自信心。但是，整形手术有很多弊端：如手术费用贵、存在健康风险、整形效果不令人满意等。 结论：年轻人没有必要进行整形手术。内在美比外在美更重要。 写作要求：1. 词数100左右。2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Plastic surgery: beauty or beast? ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】 Plastic surgery: beauty or beast? Nowadays, plastic surgery is becoming increasingly popular among young people, because they believe they can build self-confidence by improving physical appearance. However, there is no denying that it has many disadvantages. First of all, plastic surgery is very expensive, and not everyone can afford it. In addition, any kind of surgery carries serious health risk. Plastic surgery is no exception. Finally, people might not get satisfactory results from it. After all, no one can make sure that the results of plastic surgery will be exactly what the patient has expected. In conclusion, there is no need for young people to have plastic surgery. Inner beauty is more important than external beauty. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于提示类作文。现如今，整形手术越来越受年轻人的欢迎。他们认为通过改善外表可以使他们增加自信心。但是，整形手术有很多弊端：如手术费用贵、存在健康风险、整形效果不令人满意等。结论：年轻人没有必要进行整形手术。内在美比外在美更重要。要求考生以Plastic surgery: beauty or beast?为主题写一篇文章。 【详解】1.词汇积累 昂贵的：expensive→costly 此外：in addition→what's more 最终：finally→eventually 总之：in conclusion→in brief 2.句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：Plastic surgery is no exception. Finally, people might not get satisfactory results from it. 拓展句：Plastic surgery, which finally people might not get satisfactory results from, is no exception. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Nowadays, plastic surgery is becoming increasingly popular among young people, because they believe they can build self-confidence by improving physical appearance.（because引导原因状语从句） 【高分句型2】 After all, no one can make sure that the results of plastic surgery will be exactly what the patient has expected.（运用了that引导宾语从句，what引导表语从句） 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题12 Unit 4 Looking Good,Feeling Good 语法、写作讲解 语法：关系副词引导定语从句 巧梳理·知识框图 当先行词在定语从句中作状语时，要用关系副词引导定语从句。常用的关系副词主要有where，when，why。 1．关系副词where where引导的定语从句的先行词往往是表示地点的名词(如place，room，house，spot等)，关系副词where在从句中作地点状语。常用in which，at which，on which等代替。 They are playing in the park where(＝in which) there are many flowers. 他们正在有很多花的公园里玩耍。 The office where(＝at which) the girl works is not far from here. 这个女孩工作的办公室离这儿不远。 [疑难点津] 有一些先行词，如point，stage，position，case，condition等，属于抽象的地点名词，如果定语从句中缺状语，需用where引导。 You reach a point in any project where you just want to get the thing finished. 从事任何项目你都会进入一种境界：一心想完成它。 We reached a stage where we had to answer violence with violence. 我们到了必须用暴力来对抗暴力的境地。 2．关系副词when when引导定语从句时，先行词往往是表示时间的名词(如time，day，week，month，year等)，关系副词when在从句中作时间状语。常用on which，in which，at which，during which等代替。 There used to be a time when(＝during which) I hated going to school. 我有一段时间不愿意去上学。 I’ll never forget the day when(＝on which) I left for college with my father. 我永远不会忘记我和父亲动身去大学的那天。 3．关系副词why why引导定语从句时，先行词常为reason，关系副词why在从句中作原因状语。可用for which代替。 Can you explain the reason why(＝for which) you don’t help him? 你能解释一下不帮助他的原因吗？ Can you tell me the reason why you didn’t come to his birthday party? 你能告诉我你没参加他的生日宴会的原因吗？ [疑难点津] 表示时间、地点及原因的名词作先行词时，定语从句可用关系代词引导，也可用关系副词引导。若先行词在定语从句中作状语时，应用关系副词；若先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语等时，则应用关系代词。试比较： Do you remember the days when we chatted with each other all night? 你还记得我们整夜聊天的那些日子吗？(when在从句中作状语) Do you remember the days that/which we spent together on the farm? 你还记得我们在农场一起度过的那些日子吗？(that或which作spent的宾语) I don’t know the reason why he didn’t turn to his good friend for help yesterday. 我不知道昨天他为什么没向他的好朋友求助。(why作原因状语) I won’t listen to the reason that/which you have given us. 我坚决不听你提供给我们的那个理由。(定语从句中缺少宾语，所以用which/that，不用why) 随堂训练 一.单句语法填空 1．Do you still remember the day I first saw you? 2．This is the reason I passed out that day. 3．I’ll never forget the day on I was attacked by a shark. 4．The picture called up the days we spent together. 5．You will get into a position you have to decide immediately. 6．The reason he explained at the meeting was not reasonable. 7．The basketball match is (schedule) to be held in the new stadium next month. 8．It is reported that large amount of money has been spent on the new bridge. 二.用定语从句完成句子 1． was that he was stuck in a traffic jam. 他上班迟到的原因是陷入了交通堵塞中。 2．This is the house . 这是一位著名艺术家多年前住过的房子。 3．There was a time . 曾经有一段时间，女性被瞧不起。 4． is owned by my uncle. 那个种着玫瑰花的花园为我叔叔所有。 三.用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空 1．This is the house Shakespeare was born. 2．He didn’t tell me the reason he was so excited. 3．He has written two novels，both of have been made into television series. 4．Do you still remember the day we met on the train for the first time? 5．They all lent a helping hand to the man house had been burnt down. 6．This is the park in we had a picnic last Sunday. 7．She is the person you can turn to for help. 8．Do you still remember those days we spent in that poor wooden house? 9．Give me a reason is different from the one you gave last time. 10．This is the museum we visited during our class trip. 四.单句写作(含定语从句) 1．我永远不会忘记第一次见到你的那一天。 . 2．我仍然记得我父亲10年前工作的那个农场。 . 3．你知道她晕倒的原因吗？ ? 4．正和我妈妈说话的那个人是位诗人。 . 5．我不喜欢你说话的方式。 . 写作精讲 对整形手术发表看法 表达观点的增分佳句 引出话题 ①Recently the problem of...has been brought into focus.最近……问题引起了关注。 ②Recently our class has had a heated discussion about...最近,我们班就……展开了热烈的讨论。 ③Nowadays...has become a problem we have to face.现在……已成为我们不得不面对的问题。 发表看法并 加以论证 ①Every coin has two sides and...is no exception. It has both advantages and disadvantages.事物都有两面性……也不例外。它既有有利的一面,也有不利的一面。 ②As the old saying goes,...老话说,…… ③There are different opinions among people as to...Some people think that...关于……人们有不同的观点。一些人认为…… ④Today...have brought a lot of harm to our daily life. First,...Second,...What makes things worse is that...现在……给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。首先,……其次,……更糟糕的是…… 总结 ①From what has been discussed above, we can safely draw the conclusion that...通过以上讨论,我们可以有把握地得出结论…… ②From my point of view, it would be better if...在我看来,如果……会更好。 ③In a word, it is not a good way to judge a person by appearance.总之,以貌取人不是一个好方法。 ④In my opinion/As far as I am concerned, a person's appearance does not always reflect his character.在我看来/就我而言,一个人的外表并不总是反映他的性格。 写作题目 　　最近,社会上的整形医院越来越多,一些人,尤其是年轻人,热衷于整形手术。请你对此现象发表看法,并对自己的观点加以论证。 注意:写作词数应为80个左右。 Should young people have plastic surgery? Recently, plastic surgery hospitals have sprung up all over the society. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  思路点拨 遣词造句 一.用本单元所学单词或短语填空 1.　　　　　 n.美,美丽;美人,美好的东西  2.　　　　　 n.影响  3.　　　　　整形手术  4.　　　　　此外  二.本单元语块、语法运用 1.完成句子 第一段:引出整形手术的话题 (1)Some young people 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(渴望做) plastic surgery.  (2)In this regard, I want to 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(表达我的观点).  第二段:发表看法并对自己的观点加以论证 (3)I don't 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(赞同这一社会趋势) that young people go for plastic surgery.  (4)Plastic surgery deepens the bad effect of 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(以貌取人).  (5)The beautiful appearance of a person cannot 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 (弥补) the lack of inner beauty.  第三段:表达希望 (6) I hope young people can 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　(做慎重的决定) on plastic surgery.  2.句式升级 (7)将句(3)和句(4)合并为含原因状语从句的句子 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  (8)用no matter how将句(5)改写为主从复合句 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  连句成篇 Should young people have plastic surgery? 　　Recently, plastic surgery hospitals have sprung up all over the society. Some young people are eager to have plastic surgery. In this regard, I want to express my views.  I don't agree with the the bad effect of judging people by appearance. In addition, according to the news about the death in recent years, a large number of irregular plastic surgery hospitals in the society cannot guarantee the life safety. From my point of view, true beauty comes from the a person is, it cannot make up for the lack of inner beauty.  Therefore, I hope young people can make a careful decision on plastic surgery. 实战演练 (2025江苏省苏州第一中学校月考) 　　如今,整形手术越来越受年轻人的欢迎。他们认为改善外表可以使他们增加自信。但是,整形手术有很多弊端:手术费用高、存在健康风险、整形效果不一定令人满意等。结论:年轻人没有必要接受整形手术,内在美比外在美更重要。 注意:写作词数应为80个左右。 Plastic surgery: beauty or beast? 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  综合训练 一.语法专练 （1）单句语法填空 1.I went to the company 　　　　　 I worked ten years ago.  2.We can't accept the reason for 　　　　　 you were absent.  3.He picked me up at the bus station 　　　　　 he had dropped me off four days before.  4.The Spring Festival is an occasion 　　　　　 Chinese people are reunited with family members.  5.The reason 　　　　　 he came to the party was that he wanted to see Jane.  6.We spent a few days on an island 　　　　　 the scenery was beautiful beyond description.  7.There was a time 　　　　　 which people might have felt awkward about asking for a single table.  8.I'll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 　　　　　 which over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter(数字清理).  9.Self-driving is an area 　　　　　 China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.  10.Can you think of a situation 　　　　　 the idiom can be used?  11.I enjoyed the evening 　　　　　 we stayed together by the sea.  12.The reason 　　　　　 he didn't want to go was that he didn't have enough money.  （2）.完成句子 1.做运动给人们带来身体上的好处。此外,它改善心理健康。 Doing sports brings people physical benefits. 　　　　 　　　　, 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　.  2.经常锻炼加上合理的饮食,从长远来看,对我们的健康有益。 　　　　 　　　　, along with proper diet, benefits our health 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　.  3.这种精神压力在很大程度上导致了她的健康问题。(contribute) This kind of stress 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 her health problems.  4.The method proved to be very effective.(句型转换:改为主从复合句) →　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 the method was very effective.  二．写作训练 1.高中生在成长的过程中会碰到一些烦恼。请你依据下表中所提供的信息，写一篇英文演讲稿，并作为学生代表在班会课上发言。词数150左右。 烦恼 解决办法 外形不美 不必在意，关注内在美 朋友少，不被他人理解 多参加活动，多与别人交流 与父母有代沟，经常吵架 加强沟通，互相理解 学习成绩不好，压力大 ？ 注意： 1．开头已写好，不记入词数; 2．语言通顺，结构严谨。 参考词汇：内在美 inner beauty    除去 get rid of Boys and girls: We high school students do have some growing pains, but we can get rid of them correctly and wisely. That’s all. Thank you. 2．假如你是李华，你们学校就“青少年是否应该整容”的问题进行讨论，要求每个同学用书信的形式投稿，发表自己的意见。请根据下面的提示写一篇短文。 1．你的观点：青少年不应该整容； 2．你的理由：对身体有害；分散学习的注意力；中学生过分注重外表不合适…… 注意： 1．词数80左右； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3.假定你是李华，你的美国好友Bernadette发来邮件说，她很羡慕明星和模特的身材，但自己却不够苗条，为此感到很焦虑，非常希望得到你的帮助。请你给她回一封邮件并提出一些建议，内容包括： 1. 写信目的； 2. 提出建议； 3. 表达祝愿。 注意：1. 词数100左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3.古语说得好：“不要以貌取人”。不幸的是，关于外表的负面思绪可能会像乌云一样始终笼罩着我们，对我们产生负面的影响。成因非常重要。首先，媒体的审美标准对我们来说难以企及，最终让我们觉得自己更糟。其次，朋友也会影响我们对外表的看法，让我们更容易活在他们的阴影之下或陷入和他们的比较之中。为了应对它们，我们应该专注于自己的强项，增强自信，而不是盲从那些我们达不到的流行审美标准。其次，通过积极参加一些社交活动来转移我们在这些消极想法上的注意力也是可行的。记住，每个人都是独一无二的。内在美远比外在美重要。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4．最近你校学生会组织学生开展了一次题目为“What is the beauty standard”的讨论活动。假如你是学生会主席，请根据下表学生讨论的结果写一份总结材料，并谈谈你的看法。 学生观点 理由 好脸蛋就是一封介绍信 在社交、竞争、求职等方面作用大 漂亮不能当饭吃 追求外在美而放弃内在美不是真正的美 注意： 1. 词数100左右，标题和开头已经给出，不计入总词数。 2. 参考词汇：求职介绍信—recommendation What is the beauty standard? What does beauty really mean? Everybody has his own definition. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5．假定你是学生李华。你校准备举办一场关于美学教育的专场讲座，现正在征集学生们感兴趣的话题。请你用英语给负责人Julie 写一封邮件，表达自己的想法，内容包括： 1. 是否应当追求外在美；    2. 内在美有哪些具体表现；    3. 如何在生活中发现美。 注意：写作词数应为80 左右。 Dear Julie, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________   Best regards, Li Hua 7. Plastic surgery: beauty or beast? 现如今，整形手术越来越受年轻人的欢迎。他们认为通过改善外表可以使他们增加自信心。但是，整形手术有很多弊端：如手术费用贵、存在健康风险、整形效果不令人满意等。 结论：年轻人没有必要进行整形手术。内在美比外在美更重要。 写作要求：1. 词数100左右。2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Plastic surgery: beauty or beast? ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $