Unit 2 Morals and virtues 单元复习作业 (学生版和教师版)+评论写作指导-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版必修第三册

高中英语（人教版）必修三 Unit 2 Morals and Virtues 单元复习作业（学生版） 情境创设： 李华所在的学校正在举办“校园美德故事征集 ”活动。李华，作为校报的编辑，需要通过一系列活动，了解关于道德困境与美德选择的故事，并帮助交换生 Ryan在校报网站上撰写一篇关于道德事件的留言评论。单元复习作业将帮你回顾单元语言与文化知识，为撰写一篇有说服力的留言评论做准备。 Part I 道德与美德词汇储备 为了深入评论道德事件，李华需先掌握描述美德、道德选择与个人品格的词汇。请完成以下词汇练习，为后续撰写评论积累语言素材。 一、美德关键词闯关 为了更好地理解道德抉择的内涵，我们首先要了解青少年（比如李华）在校园和日常生活中可能展现出来的美德。请用括号中所给单词的正确形式或中文提示填空。 1. Li Hua always (tend) to help classmates who struggle with their studies, showing great kindness. (展现人物一贯品质) 2. Facing the (major) of students who chose to give up, Li Hua insisted on his correct opinion, which required courage. (描述具体行为以印证勇气) 3. When (entrust) with the class fund, he managed it honestly and never thought of wasting a single coin. (例证责任与诚实) 4. His (respond) to the school’s call for donating books was immediate and enthusiastic. (表现社会责任感) 5. He never (complain) about doing extra community service, seeing it as his duty. (强调奉献精神) 6. Li Hua believes that honesty is the most important (道德原则) in life and never tells lies. (点明核心道德信念) 7. His dream is to become a (内科医生) so that he can reduce the suffering of the sick in the future. (展现主动传播美德的行动) 8. By (publish) articles encouraging students to be positive, he tries to pass on optimism to others. (展现主动传播美德的行动) 二、道德困境词块挑战 在撰写评论时，李华需要帮助 Ryan具体分析李华自己在道德困境中的不同反应。请运用方框中本单元所学词汇的正确形式填空。 moral, virtue, honest, responsible, integrity, just, behave, inspire, admire, dilemma 1. Li Hua faced a difficult when he found a wallet full of cash on his way to school.（背景引入：个人道德困境） 2. His first thought was to keep the money, but his sense of told him that wouldn’t be right.（内在冲突：道德意识的作用） 3. He believed that meant doing the right thing even when no one was watching.（阐释核心品德的定义） 4. Returning the wallet was the thing to do, even though it meant he would be late for class.（明确符合道德的行为选择） 5. The owner’s grateful reaction was truly and made Li Hua feel proud of his decision.（行为结果：积极反馈与情感收获） 6. In another situation, when Li Hua saw a classmate being bullied, he knew that speaking up was a matter of （引入新场景：社会或校园情境下的道德挑战） 7. It takes courage to well and stand up for others in difficult situations.（行为指导：品德在行动中的体现） 8. Li Hua’s actions his classmates to think more carefully about their own choices.（社会影响：品德的示范效应） 9. Through these experiences, Li Hua learned that true comes from living by your principles.（总结升华：美德的核心来源） 10. Being for our choices is an important part of growing into a good person.（核心观点：责任是品德成长的关键） 三、核心价值词义对对碰 李华在准备评论时发现，许多描述道德与选择的词汇具有多重含义，若使用不当容易造成误解。请根据下列句子语境，选出粗体词的正确含义。 A. vt. 往往会，常常就 B. vt. 成功完成，顺利实现 C. n. 寓意，教益 D. vt. 帮助某人度过难关 E. n.美德 F. vi.诉说 G. n. 优势，益处 H. vt. 照顾，护理 I. vi. 抱怨 J. adj.道德的，道义上的 1. Faced with a moral choice between keeping the found money or returning it, Li Hua knew what was right. (引入核心主题与道德场景) 2. After reading the fable The Stone in the Road, Li Hua understood its moral: taking responsibility benefits everyone. (链接课文寓言与提炼主旨) 3. In the story, the girl showed the virtue of responsibility by moving the stone, not just complaining about it. (例证具体美德行为) 4. Li Hua believes that patience is not only a virtue but also a great help when studying difficult subjects. (延伸美德内涵于日常学习) 5. When under great pressure before exams, some students tend to feel very nervous. (描述常见行为模式) 6. As a class monitor, Li Hua tends to the new students, helping them feel welcome in the class, just as Dr. Lin tended to her patients. (关联课文人物与个人行为) 7. Some students complain about the heavy homework, but Li Hua sees it as a way to improve. (呈现普遍现象与个人态度) 8. His friend complained of a headache, so Li Hua immediately took him to the school clinic. (描述具体情境下的关切行为) 9. His family’s support and his own strong will carried him through the challenging period of preparing for the competition. (展现支持系统的力量) 10. Despite many obstacles (障碍), Li Hua was determined to carry the charity project through to the end. (强调决心与行动完成) 四、道德美德词汇拼图 为了让Ryan更深入地了解中国高中生所面临的道德困境和展现出的美德，切身感受中国高中生所面对的人生抉择和优秀美德，李华整理了自己高中生活中的关键美德行为片段。 请根据中文提示运用本单元所学词汇补全下列句子。 1. 读过《路中石》这个寓言描述的事件后，我忍不住要分享我的看法，因为它蕴含着大量对我们日常生活的智慧。(fable, a great deal of)（背景引入：点明核心文本与个人感受） The event that The Stone in the Road describes, I can’t help sharing my views, as it carries wisdom for our daily lives. 2. 最令我印象深刻的是当事人（李华）的正直。他往往即使面对困难，也会选择做正确的事， 这为我们树立了一个好榜样。(integrity, tend to) （核心评价：聚焦人物核心品德） What impresses me most is ofthe person involved (Li Hua), who do the right thing even when it’s difficult, which sets a good example for us. 3. 面对一个道德困境，他立即决定用勇气回应局面，将他人的需求置于个人便利之前，并做出了负责任的选择。(moral dilemma, respond to) （行为剖析：具体描述面对困境的决策与行动） , he immediately decided __ the situation with courage, put others ’ needs before his own convenience, and made a responsible choice. 4. 正是这种诚实和对他人——尤其是对那些身处绝望的人——的尊重，展示了我们应传承的美德。(virtue, in despair) （价值升华：点明行为的深层美德与普世价值） It is , especially for those , that demonstrate the virtue we should carry forward. 5. 我真诚希望更多年轻人能向李华学习,行为正直，从而能帮助我们的社区渡过各种挑战，为构建一个更和谐的社会贡献力量。( carry...through..., contribute to...) （倡导呼吁：提出向榜样学习、付诸行动的倡议） I sincerely hope that more young people will learn from Li Hua, __ , And thus _ , contributing to a harmonious society. Part II 道德体悟解码 在了解了瑞恩 (Ryan) 的慈善故事后，李华建议他，一篇好的评论不仅要讲述事件本身，更要挖掘其背后的道德勇气、坚持的力量以及深远影响。为了帮助Ryan从更多元的角度丰富自己的评论内容，学习如何有深度地表达，李华找到了几篇关于不同人物面临抉择、坚持善行、最终产生深远影响的英文故事。让我们一起完成这些阅读任务，为Ryan最终的评论写作积累视角、思想和语言素材。 一、差异探索：美德定义对比窗 李华在校报上阅读了关于东西方美德观念的对比文章后，对“美德如何转化为实际行动 ”产生了更深的思考。他随即在资料中找到了一篇真实人物的英文报道，这篇文章讲述了一个平凡的善念如何最终演变为一项影响深远的慈善事业，他希望这篇文章能给 Ryan 写留言评论提供最直接的案例参考和共鸣。 【原创试题】原文选自外研版必修三 Unit 2 Making a difference—Understanding ideas阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 As a six-year-old Canadian schoolboy, Ryan had trouble believing the words spoken by his teacher that many people in developing African countries couldn’t get enough clean water. He looked across the classroom at the drinking fountain. It was very close — only ten steps away. So, Ryan asked himself, “Why do some African children have to walk ten kilometres to get water every day? And why is the water so dirty that it makes them sick?” Young Ryan thought, “Life is easy for me, but hard for those people. Why don’t I help?” At first, his plan was to earn money to build a single well somewhere in Africa. He cleaned windows and did gardening for his family and neighbours. He soon reached his first target of $70, but when he gave the money to a charity, he was told that it actually cost $2,000 to build a well. Seventy dollars was only enough for a hand pump. Ryan understood that a hand pump wouldn’t help the children. What they needed was a well dug near their homes. Two thousand dollars was a lot of money, but Ryan didn’t give up. He was determined to help other children have clean water. He started to ask for help from his classmates and neighbours and persuaded them to donate money. At the same time, a friend of Ryan’s mother helped make his story go public. After several months, Ryan had raised the $2,000, with which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda. The children at the school no longer needed to walk for hours to get water. They were grateful to him and invited him to visit. In Uganda, Ryan at last saw the finished well with his own eyes. But that was not all. He also saw hundreds of delighted students who had turned out to welcome him. They sang and danced happily. Some even offered him food and gifts. At first Ryan was nervous, but soon a great warmth filled him. He really had made a difference for these children. He broke into a joyful smile. Later, Ryan’s experience led him to set up a foundation to encourage more people to help. Many inspired people gave him their support. Ryan’s foundation continues to attract support from more and more people, so the work of building more wells can go on Today, over 800,000 people in 16 countries across Africa have benefited from the life-changing gift of clean, safe water. Now, as an adult, Ryan says that the question to ask is not “Why don’t I help?”, but “How can I help today?” . This insight grew from the determined attitude of a six-year-old boy who had the courage and perseverance to make his dream a reality. 1. What made Ryan decide to help African children get clean water? A. His plan to set up a foundation in the future. B. His teacher’s request for him to do a charity. C. His desire to earn money by doing charity work. D. His realization of the great difference in life conditions. 2. Why did Ryan think a hand pump wouldn’t help the African children? A. It was difficult for the children to use. B. It was too expensive for him to afford. C. It couldn’t provide enough clean water. D. It wasn’t what the children really needed. 3. What does the underlined phrase “go public” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Be reported to the charity. B. Become known to the public. C. Be published in a newspaper. D. Be shared with Ryan’s classmates. 4. What is the main idea of the passage? A. A boy’s courage and perseverance that changed many lives. B. The difficulty of building wells in African countries. C. The importance of clean water for African people. D. A young boy’s dream of traveling to Africa. 5. 阅读表达 If you were the author, what aspect of the story described in the passage would inspire you the most? Why? (Please answer in one or two sentences.) 6. 主题词汇提取：描写“慈善行动 ” 维度 英文词块 中文意思 动机与觉醒 难以相信 意识到生活条件的巨大差异 我为什么不帮忙？ 决心帮助 说服他们捐款 行动与挑战 赚钱建造一口井 擦窗户、打理花园 手动水泵帮不了孩子们 在他们家附近挖一口井 筹集 2000 美元 影响与成长 让他的故事公之于众 不再需要步行数小时 确实带来了改变 建立基金会以鼓励更多人 感悟与升华 我今天能怎么帮忙？ 勇气与毅力 让梦想成真 二、抉择榜样：困境抉择启示录 李华对Ryan说：“你的故事始于一个简单的‘为何不帮?’的念头。在更极端的困境前，人们如何做出更艰难的道德抉择，并坚守善意？”为此，他找到一篇关于二战期间冒死拯救儿童的故事。通过这篇完形填空，Ryan可以学习如何在评论中描写极端环境下的道德勇气、无声的奉献，以及善举跨越时间的回响，使自己的故事得到历史厚重感的映照。 【原创试题】原文选自外研版必修三 Unit 2 Making a difference — Developing ideas 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 It was August 1939. At Prague’s Wilson Station, hundreds of  1  children boarded a train alone, leaving their  2  parents behind. Though the families feared they might never   3 , they held a faint hope — their children would  4  the Nazis ’ cruelty ( 残忍). These 669 mostly Jewish children were  5  by a young British man named Nicholas Winton, whose deed remained  6  for nearly half a century. Born in London in 1909 to German-Jewish parents, Winton worked in business after returning to Britain in 1931. In late 1938, he traveled to Prague at a friend’s request to help refugees (难民). 7  by the poor living conditions and deadly threats Jewish people faced, Winton 8 to save endangered children. He   9  an office to record their information, then rushed back to Britain to find foster (代养的) families. Using donations and his own savings, he paid the required fees for each child. By August 1939, 669 young lives were safely  10  to Britain. During World War II, Winton served in the Royal Air Force and later worked for charities and companies. He rarely spoke of his heroic act, and his kindness faded into quiet obscurity (默默无闻). Everything changed in 1988, when his wife  11  his old journal filled with children’s photos and names. After the journal was reported, Winton appeared on a TV show. When the host asked those saved by him to stand, most audience members  12  — leaving Winton deeply  13 . His story spread worldwide, and he received numerous honors, including a knighthood (爵士称号). Nicholas Winton passed away in 2015 at the age of 106. His life tells us that true kindness is never in vain; a warm heart  14  the darkest times and  15  in those he saved. 1. A. cheerful B. innocent C. careless D. confident 2. A. smiling B. worrying C. weeping D. uninteresting 3. A. separate B. quarrel C. reunite D. compromise 4. A. face B. ignore C. accept D. escape 5. A. mistreated B. rescued C. betrayed D. tricked 6. A. hidden B. well-known C. praised D. forgotten 7. A. Delighted B. Shocked C. Bored D. Relieved 8. A. refused B. failed C. pretended D. resolved 9. A. quit B. controlled C. established D. delayed 10. A. transported B. abandoned C. exchanged D. stolen 11. A. destroyed B. discovered C. lost D. sold 12. A. sat B. laughed C. rose D. cried 13. A. moved B. angry C. bored D. disappointed 14. A. brightens B. breaks C. gives D. slows 15. A. dies out B. fades away C. runs out D. lives on 16. 主题词汇提取：描写“英雄义举 ” 维度 英文词块 中文释义 背景与动机 无辜的/纯真的儿童 逃离纳粹的暴行 被恶劣的生活条件和致命威胁所震惊 决心拯救危在旦夕的儿童 行动与组织 设立办公室记录他们的信息 找到寄养家庭 利用捐赠和自己的积蓄 被安全转移到英国 隐退与再发现 他的事迹隐藏了近半个世纪。 渐渐淡出，默默无闻 影响与传承 他的故事传遍世界。 真正的善良从不白费 在他拯救的人身上延续 三、叙事典范：故事讲述训练营 李华提醒Ryan：“一个打动人心的故事，需要有清晰的脉络和生动的细节。”为了让Ryan学习如何有条理、有重点地叙述一个跨越时间长河的善行，李华找到了马可·波罗游记的节选。通过这篇七选五练习，Ryan可以学习如何组织文章结构，如何用“背景-经历-观察-影响”的框架来讲述一个长期坚持并产生文化影响的故事，为自己的评论增强叙事逻辑。 【原创试题】原文选自北师大版必修模块三 Unit 8 Adventure — Language focus 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Marco Polo was born in Italy in 1254. At the age of 17, he travelled across Europe and Asia with his father, who intended to trade with the Chinese. Finally, they reached Beijing, which was then ruled by Kublai Khan, the Yuan Dynasty Emperor. Kublai Khan warmly welcomed the two foreigners and was eager to know about Europe. Though young, Marco was intelligent and spoke four languages fluently. 1 Deeply impressed by Marco, the Emperor made him his friend and appointed him to serve in the court, assigning him many important tasks nationwide. Marco was amazed by China’s beauty and power, particularly Beijing and the Emperor’s palaces. 2 He was also surprised by China’s advanced inventions. He was shocked to see paper money used in markets, as Europeans paid with gold and silver then. Besides, he had never seen coal before and was confused by the black stones used as fuel. 3 Unfortunately, he was captured and put into prison during a local war. Luckily, he met a prisoner who was an author. While Marco told his stories about China, the author wrote them down. The stories were later made into a book named The Description of the World, which became a bestseller in Europe. Many readers doubted the truth of his fantastic stories. 4 At 70, shortly before his death, he was asked if his stories were real. 5 A. But he firmly believed his tales were true. B. The book was a huge success across Europe. C. Most Europeans knew little about paper money. D. He greatly praised the beautiful Summer Palace. E. This ability helped him communicate easily at court. F. His answer was: “I have only told a half of what I saw!” G. After 17 years in China, Marco returned to Italy in 1291. 6. 阅读表达 From Marco Polo’s experience, what crucial qualities can we learn? Use at least one quality from the text to support your answer and give your own reasons. 7. 主题词汇提取：描写“历史人物与文化见闻 ” 维度 英文词块 中文释义 背景与启程 穿越欧亚大陆旅行 打算与......进行贸易 由......统治 能力与融入 能流利地说四种语言 在宫廷中沟通自如 被任命在宫廷任职 观察与记录 对......的美丽和强大感到惊奇 高度赞扬美丽的...... 看见市场上使用的 感到震惊 传承与影响 在......生活 ......年后返回...... 故事被写成了一本书 坚信他的故事是真实的 四、精神升华：逆境价值思考坊 李华引导Ryan进一步思考：“并非所有的善行都会一帆风顺，也并非所有的付出都会立即成功。如何评价过程中的挫折与坚持本身的价值？”他分享了南极探险竞赛的故事。通过这篇语法填空，Ryan可以学习在评论中探讨目标与结果的关系、面对巨大挑战时的坚持，以及如何定义超越成败的“英雄”精神，从而为自己和读者的行动注入更深层的动力。 【原创试题】原文选自北师大版必修模块三 Unit 8 Adventure — skills focus 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On 1 June, 1910, Captain Scott left London to begin his journey to the Antarctic. He received a message 1 the Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen. So the race to the South Pole was on! During the polar summer, both teams organised food bases in 2 (prepare) for their journeys. Scott and Amundsen waited 3 (anxious) for spring. Amundsen was the first 4 (leave). He had teams of dogs 5 (pull) the sledges. Because of this, he made rapid progress. Scott left later but soon had problems. His sledges broke down and the horses had difficulties with the snow and the cold. Scott and his men had to push the sledges 6 (them). Amundsen reached the Pole on 14 December, 7 made Scott and his team shocked when they arrived later. The return journey was 8 (bad) in the history of exploration. They were exhausted and ran out of food. Luckily, they 9 (find) some rocks on the way back. These rocks provided evidence that the Antarctic was once covered by plants. Scott and his team failed to win the race, 10 their courage made them heroes. 11. 主题词汇提取：描写“探险竞赛与挑战 ” 维度 英文词块 中文释义 竞赛开端 与准备 开始南极之旅 收到来自......的消息 为 ...... 做筹备而组织食物基地 策略执行 与困境 是第一个出发的 让狗队持续拉雪橇 不得不他们亲自推雪橇 结果与发现 取得了快速进展 提供了......的证据 评价与精神 未能赢得比赛 勇气使他们成为英雄 Part III 青少年评论创作 一、语言实验室 在正式动笔撰写留言评论前，请在以下“语言实验室”中完成热身。你需要模仿本单元所学的核心句式，并借鉴Part II中阅读的素材，练习如何有深度、有条理地向Ryan示范如何撰写一篇关于“美德与善行”的在线评论，为你的正式写作做好准备。 1. As a six-year-old Canadian schoolboy, Ryan had trouble believing the words spoken by his teacher that many people in developing African countries couldn’t get enough clean water. (背景引入，展现冲击与思考起点) 作为一个普通的读者，我起初难以想象，一个简单的善念竟能跨越万里，最终改变成千上万人的生活轨迹。(have trouble imaging that..., cross, initially, eventually, change the lives) 仿写：__________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ 2. Shocked by the poor living conditions and deadly threats, Nicholas Winton resolved to save​ endangered children. (描述动机与决断) 被这个故事中主人公的困境和勇气所震撼，我不禁反思，自己在面对身边的不公平时，是否也能如此果断地采取行动。(dilemma, hero, can’t help doing sth, reflect on, injustice, act, decisively) 仿写：__________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ 3. Marco Polo was amazed by China’s beauty and power, particularly Beijing and the Emperor’s palaces. (表达惊叹与具体观察) 读完整个故事，我深深折服于这种坚持的力量，特别是那份无论面对金钱困难还是他人质疑都未曾动摇的决心。(perseverance, weaken 动摇, determination, financial difficulties) 仿写：__________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ 4. Scott and his team failed to win the race, but their courage in exploring the unknown made them heroes. (转折论述，升华精神价值) 也许不是每一次善意的尝试都能立刻取得预期的成功，但每一次勇敢的付出本身，就在为我们共同的世界点亮一盏灯。(attempt, kindness, expected success, brave giving itself, light) 仿写：__________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ 5. This insight grew from the determined attitude of a six-year-old boy who had the courage and perseverance to make his dream a reality. (总结感悟，点明精神来源) 这个故事带给我的启示在于，真正的美德往往源于最朴素的同情心，并因不懈的坚持而成长为参 天大树。(insight, compassion, grow into a towering tree, through tireless perseverance) 仿写：__________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ 6. Here are some reflections for you, which may help you see the event from a deeper perspective. (承上启下，引出观点) 以下是我从这个故事中获得的几点思考，它们或许能帮助我们理解平凡善举中的不平凡之处。 (thought, the extraordinary, within ordinary act of kindness) 仿写：__________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ 二、模拟任务展示厅 热身完毕！现在，请你以校报编辑“李华”的身份，完成这项最终任务：在校报网站的“美德故事”专栏下，撰写一篇示范性的英文留言评论。此评论将作为你帮助交换生Ryan理解如何撰写有深度评论的范文，旨在展示如何围绕一个美德故事，进行描述、分析和升华。 假定你是李华，你校报网站发布了关于“加拿大男孩Ryan”慈善故事的文章（即Part II 模块一所读文章）。请你以此文为对象，撰写一篇留言评论。 内容包括：1. 简述与共鸣：简要概括故事中令你印象最深刻的部分,并表达你的感受； 2. 分析与延伸：这个故事生动展现了同情心的力量、设定目标后的非凡坚持,以及对自己承诺的强烈责任感。他不仅自己动手筹款,还成功说服了他人加入,这证明了善意具有强大的感染力； 3. 倡导与升华：Ryan的故事是一盏明灯。它提醒我们,年龄和能力从来不是行善的障碍。让我们都像他一样，从问“我今天能帮什么？”开始。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答； 3. 句式要求 (请至少运用以下三种)：状语从句 (when/because/although) ·定语从句 (which/who) ·宾语从句 ·分词短语作状语 (如：Shocked by..., he...) ·“不仅...而且...” (not only...but also...) 结构 Dear Online Editor, Yours, Li Hua Dear Online Editor, ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 作业自评量表 评价 维度 评价项目 评价标准 完成 时间 自评等级(打√ ) A (优秀) B (良好) C (一般) D (需改进) Part I 词汇运用 美德关键 词闯关 能准确用所给单词正确形式或中文提示填空,无语法、拼写错误。 道德困境 词块挑战 能结合语境正确运用单元核心词块，形式、搭配无误。 核心价值 词义对对碰 能精准判断多义词在语境中的含义，无错选。 道德美德 词汇拼图 能按中文提示，用单元词汇完整、正确翻译句子，语法无误。 Part II 语篇理解 美德定义 对比窗 能理解 Ryan 慈善故事语篇,准确完成细节、词义、主旨题,阅读表达贴合题意。 困境抉择 启示录 能理解 Nicholas Winton 救人故事语篇,准确辨析词汇、把握语境逻辑。 故事讲述 训练营 能理解马可・波罗游记语篇，准确匹配上下文逻辑，阅读表达能结合文本支撑观点。 逆境价值 思考坊 能理解南极探险故事语篇，准确填出单词的正确形式。 Part III 写作应用 句式仿写 （语言实验室） 能模仿单元核心句式，完成英文仿写，句式结构正确、语义通顺。 建议信写作 （模拟任务 展示厅） 能按要求完成 Ryan 美德故事留言评论,包含核心要点,且至少运用 3 种指定句式，格式、词数符合要求。 综合评价 结合各项目答题情况，总结自身单元知识掌握情况。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高中英语（人教版）必修三 Unit 2 Morals and Virtues 单元复习作业（教师版） 情境创设: 李华所在的学校正在举办“校园美德故事征集 ”活动。李华,作为校报的编辑,需要通过一系列活动,了解关于道德困境与美德选择的故事,并帮助交换生 Ryan在校报网站上撰写一篇关于道德事件的留言评论。单元复习作业将帮你回顾单元语言与文化知识,为撰写一篇有说服力的留言评论做准备。 Part I 道德与美德词汇储备 为了深入评论道德事件,李华需先掌握描述美德、道德选择与个人品格的词汇。请完成以下词汇练习,为后续撰写评论积累语言素材。 一、美德关键词闯关 为了更好地理解道德抉择的内涵,我们首先要了解青少年(比如李华)在校园和日常生活中可能展现出来的美德。请用括号中所给单词的正确形式或中文提示填空。 1. Li Hua always tends (tend) to help classmates who struggle with their studies, showing great kindness. (展现人物一贯品质) 2. Facing the majority (major) of students who chose to give up, Li Hua insisted on his correct opinion, which required courage. (描述具体行为以印证勇气) 3. When entrusted (entrust) with the class fund, he managed it honestly and never thought of wasting a single coin. (例证责任与诚实) 4. His response (respond) to the school’s call for donating books was immediate and enthusiastic. (表现社会责任感) 5. He never complains (complain) about doing extra community service, seeing it as his duty. (强调奉献精神) 6. Li Hua believes that honesty is the most important principle (道德原则) in life and never tells lies. (点明核心道德信念) 7. His dream is to become a physician (内科医生) so that he can reduce the suffering of the sick in the future. (展现主动传播美德的行动) 8. By publishing (publish) articles encouraging students to be positive, he tries to pass on optimism to others. (展现主动传播美德的行动) 二、道德困境词块挑战 在撰写评论时,李华需要帮助 Ryan具体分析李华自己在道德困境中的不同反应。请运用方框中本单元所学词汇的正确形式填空。 moral, virtue, honest, responsible, integrity, just, behave, inspire, admire, dilemma 1. Li Hua faced a difficult dilemma when he found a wallet full of cash on his way to school. （背景引入:个人道德困境） 2. His first thought was to keep the money, but his sense of integrity told him that wouldn’t be right. （内在冲突:道德意识的作用） 3. He believed that honesty meant doing the right thing even when no one was watching.（阐释核心品德的定义） 4. Returning the wallet was the moral thing to do, even though it meant he would be late for class. （明确符合道德的行为选择） 5. The owner’s grateful reaction was truly admirable and made Li Hua feel proud of his decision. （行为结果:积极反馈与情感收获） 6. In another situation, when Li Hua saw a classmate being bullied, he knew that speaking up was a matter of justice. （引入新场景:社会或校园情境下的道德挑战） 7. It takes courage to behave well and stand up for others in difficult situations. （行为指导:品德在行动中的体现） 8. Li Hua’s actions inspired his classmates to think more carefully about their own choices. （社会影响:品德的示范效应） 9. Through these experiences, Li Hua learned that true virtue comes from living by your principles. （总结升华:美德的核心来源） 10. Being responsible for our choices is an important part of growing into a good person. （核心观点:责任是品德成长的关键） 三、核心价值词义对对碰 李华在准备评论时发现,许多描述道德与选择的词汇具有多重含义,若使用不当容易造成误解。请根据下列句子语境,选出粗体词的正确含义。 A. vt. 往往会，常常就 B. vt. 成功完成，顺利实现 C. n. 寓意，教益 D. vt. 帮助某人度过难关 E. n.美德 F. vi.诉说 G. n. 优势，益处 H. vt. 照顾，护理 I. vi. 抱怨 J. adj.道德的，道义上的 1. Faced with a moral choice between keeping the found money or returning it, Li Hua knew what was right . J （引入核心主题与道德场景） 2. After reading the fable The Stone in the Road, Li Hua understood its moral: taking responsibility benefits everyone . C （链接课文寓言与提炼主旨） 3. In the story, the girl showed the virtue of responsibility by moving the stone, not just complaining about it . E（例证具体美德行为） 4. Li Hua believes that patience is not only a virtue but also a great help when studying difficult subjects. G （延伸美德内涵于日常学习） 5. When under great pressure before exams, some students tend to feel very nervous. A （描述常见行为模式） 6. As a class monitor, Li Hua tends to the new students, helping them feel welcome in the class, just as Dr. Lin tended to her patients. H （关联课文人物与个人行为） 7. Some students complain about the heavy homework, but Li Hua sees it as a way to improve. I （呈现普遍现象与个人态度） 8. His friend complained of a headache, so Li Hua immediately took him to the school clinic. F （描述具体情境下的关切行为） 9. His family’s support and his own strong will carried him through the challenging period of preparing for the competition. D （展现支持系统的力量） 10. Despite many obstacles (障碍), Li Hua was determined to carry the charity project through t the end. B （强调决心与行动完成） 四、道德美德词汇拼图 为了让 Ryan 更深入地了解中国高中生所面临的道德困境和展现出的美德,切身感受中国高中生所面对的人生抉择和优秀美德,李华整理了自己高中生活中的关键美德行为片段。 请根据中文提示运用本单元所学词汇补全下列句子。 1. 读过《路中石》这个寓言描述的事件后,我忍不住要分享我的看法,因为它蕴含着大量对我们日常生活的智慧。(fable, a great deal of) （背景引入:点明核心文本与个人感受） Having read about the event that the fable The Stone in the Road describes, I can’t help sharing my views, as it carries a great deal of wisdom for our daily lives. 2. 最令我印象深刻的是当事人（李华）的正直。他往往即使面对困难,也会选择做正确的事,这为我们树立了一个好榜样。(integrity, tend to)（核心评价:聚焦人物核心品德） What impresses me most is the integrity of the person involved (Li Hua), who tends to do the right thing even when it’s difficult, which sets a good example for us. 3. 面对一个道德困境,他立即决定用勇气回应局面,将他人的需求置于个人便利之前,并做出了负责任的选择。(moral dilemma, respond to) （行为剖析:具体描述面对困境的决策与行动） Facing a moral dilemma / Faced with a moral dilemma, he immediately decided to respond to the situation with courage, put others ’ needs before his own convenience, and made a responsible choice. 4. 正是这种诚实和对他人——尤其是对那些身处绝望的人——的尊重,展示了我们应传承的美德。(virtue, in despair) （价值升华：明行为的深层美德与普世价值） It is this honesty and respect /regard for others, especially for those in despair, that demonstrate the virtue we should carry forward. 5. 我真诚希望更多年轻人能向李华学习,行为正直,从而能帮助我们的社区渡过各种挑战,为构建一个更和谐的社会贡献力量。( carry...through..., contribute to...) （倡导呼吁:提出向榜样学习、付诸行动的倡议） I sincerely hope that more young people will learn from Li Hua, behave with integrity , and thus carry our community through various challenges , contributing to a more harmonious society. Part II 道德体悟解码 在了解了瑞恩 (Ryan) 的慈善故事后，李华建议他，一篇好的评论不仅要讲述事件本身，更要挖掘其背后的道德勇气、坚持的力量以及深远影响。为了帮助Ryan从更多元的角度丰富自己的评论内容，学习如何有深度地表达，李华找到了几篇关于不同人物面临抉择、坚持善行、最终产生深远影响的英文故事。让我们一起完成这些阅读任务，为Ryan最终的评论写作积累视角、思想和语言素材。 一、差异探索:美德定义对比窗 李华在校报上阅读了关于东西方美德观念的对比文章后,对“美德如何转化为实际行动 ”产生了更深的思考。他随即在资料中找到了一篇真实人物的英文报道,这篇文章讲述了一个平凡的善念如何最终演变为一项影响深远的慈善事业,他希望这篇文章能给 Ryan 写留言评论提供最直接的案例参考和共鸣。 【原创试题】原文选自外研版必修三 Unit 2 Making a difference—Understanding ideas阅读下列短文,从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 As a six-year-old Canadian schoolboy, Ryan had trouble believing the words spoken by his teacher that many people in developing African countries couldn’t get enough clean water. He looked across the classroom at the drinking fountain. It was very close — only ten steps away. So, Ryan asked himself, “Why do some African children have to walk ten kilometres to get water every day? And why is the water so dirty that it makes them sick?” Young Ryan thought, “Life is easy for me, but hard for those people. Why don’t I help?” At first, his plan was to earn money to build a single well somewhere in Africa. He cleaned windows and did gardening for his family and neighbours. He soon reached his first target of $70, but when he gave the money to a charity, he was told that it actually cost $2,000 to build a well. Seventy dollars was only enough for a hand pump. Ryan understood that a hand pump wouldn’t help the children. What they needed was a well dug near their homes. Two thousand dollars was a lot of money, but Ryan didn’t give up. He was determined to help other children have clean water. He started to ask for help from his classmates and neighbours and persuaded them to donate money. At the same time, a friend of Ryan’s mother helped make his story go public. After several months, Ryan had raised the $2,000, with which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda. The children at the school no longer needed to walk for hours to get water. They were grateful to him and invited him to visit. In Uganda, Ryan at last saw the finished well with his own eyes. But that was not all. He also saw hundreds of delighted students who had turned out to welcome him. They sang and danced happily. Some even offered him food and gifts. At first Ryan was nervous, but soon a great warmth filled him. He really had made a difference for these children. He broke into a joyful smile. Later, Ryan’s experience led him to set up a foundation to encourage more people to help. Many inspired people gave him their support. Ryan’s foundation continues to attract support from more and more people, so the work of building more wells can go on Today, over 800,000 people in 16 countries across Africa have benefited from the life-changing gift of clean, safe water. Now, as an adult, Ryan says that the question to ask is not “Why don’t I help?”, but “How can I help today?” . This insight grew from the determined attitude of a six-year-old boy who had the courage and perseverance to make his dream a reality. 1. What made Ryan decide to help African children get clean water? A. His plan to set up a foundation in the future. B. His teacher’s request for him to do a charity. C. His desire to earn money by doing charity work. D. His realization of the great difference in life conditions. 2. Why did Ryan think a hand pump wouldn’t help the African children? A. It was difficult for the children to use. B. It was too expensive for him to afford. C. It couldn’t provide enough clean water. D. It wasn’t what the children really needed. 3. What does the underlined phrase “go public” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Be reported to the charity. B. Become known to the public. C. Be published in a newspaper. D. Be shared with Ryan’s classmates. 4. What is the main idea of the passage? A. A boy’s courage and perseverance that changed many lives. B. The difficulty of building wells in African countries. C. The importance of clean water for African people. D. A young boy’s dream of traveling to Africa. 【答案】1~4 DDBA 5. 阅读表达 If you were the author, what aspect of the story described in the passage would inspire you the most? Why? (Please answer in one or two sentences.) Ryan’s determination to not give up despite the huge amount of $2,000 would inspire me the most. It shows that even a child can achieve big things with persistence and a desire to help. 6. 主题词汇提取:描写“慈善行动 ” 维度 英文词块 中文意思 动机与觉醒 　had trouble believing... 难以相信...... 　realization of the great difference in life 　 　conditions 意识到生活条件的巨大差异 　Why don’t I help? 我为什么不帮忙? 　determined to help... 决心帮助...... 　persuaded them to donate money 说服他们捐款 行动与挑战　 　earn money to build a well 赚钱建造一口井 　cleaned windows and did gardening 擦窗户、打理花园 　a hand pump wouldn’t help the children 手动水泵帮不了孩子们 　a well dug near their homes 在他们家附近挖一口井 　raise the $2,000 筹集 2000 美元 影响与成长 　make his story go public 让他的故事公之于众 　no longer needed to walk for hours 不再需要步行数小时 　really had made a difference 确实带来了改变 　set up a foundation to encourage more people 建立基金会以鼓励更多人 感悟与升华 　How can I help today? 我今天能怎么帮忙? 勇气与毅力 make his dream a reality 让梦想成真 二、抉择榜样:困境抉择启示录 李华对Ryan说：“你的故事始于一个简单的‘为何不帮?’的念头。在更极端的困境前，人们如何做出更艰难的道德抉择，并坚守善意？”为此，他找到一篇关于二战期间冒死拯救儿童的故事。通过这篇完形填空，Ryan可以学习如何在评论中描写极端环境下的道德勇气、无声的奉献，以及善举跨越时间的回响，使自己的故事得到历史厚重感的映照。 【原创试题】原文选自外研版必修三 Unit 2 Making a difference — Developing ideas 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 It was August 1939. At Prague’s Wilson Station, hundreds of  1  children boarded a train alone, leaving their  2  parents behind. Though the families feared they might never   3 , they held a faint hope — their children would  4  the Nazis ’ cruelty ( 残忍). These 669 mostly Jewish children were  5  by a young British man named Nicholas Winton, whose deed remained  6  for nearly half a century. Born in London in 1909 to German-Jewish parents, Winton worked in business after returning to Britain in 1931. In late 1938, he traveled to Prague at a friend’s request to help refugees (难民). 7  by the poor living conditions and deadly threats Jewish people faced, Winton 8 to save endangered children. He   9  an office to record their information, then rushed back to Britain to find foster (代养的) families. Using donations and his own savings, he paid the required fees for each child. By August 1939, 669 young lives were safely  10  to Britain. During World War II, Winton served in the Royal Air Force and later worked for charities and companies. He rarely spoke of his heroic act, and his kindness faded into quiet obscurity (默默无闻). Everything changed in 1988, when his wife  11  his old journal filled with children’s photos and names. After the journal was reported, Winton appeared on a TV show. When the host asked those saved by him to stand, most audience members  12  — leaving Winton deeply  13 . His story spread worldwide, and he received numerous honors, including a knighthood (爵士称号). Nicholas Winton passed away in 2015 at the age of 106. His life tells us that true kindness is never in vain; a warm heart  14  the darkest times and  15  in those he saved. 1. A. cheerful B. innocent C. careless D. confident 2. A. smiling B. worrying C. weeping D. uninteresting 3. A. separate B. quarrel C. reunite D. compromise 4. A. face B. ignore C. accept D. escape 5. A. mistreated B. rescued C. betrayed D. tricked 6. A. hidden B. well-known C. praised D. forgotten 7. A. Delighted B. Shocked C. Bored D. Relieved 8. A. refused B. failed C. pretended D. resolved 9. A. quit B. controlled C. established D. delayed 10. A. transported B. abandoned C. exchanged D. stolen 11. A. destroyed B. discovered C. lost D. sold 12. A. sat B. laughed C. rose D. cried 13. A. moved B. angry C. bored D. disappointed 14. A. brightens B. breaks C. gives D. slows 15. A. dies out B. fades away C. runs out D. lives on 【答案】1~5 BCCDB 6~ 10 ABDCA 11~ 15 BCAAD 16. 主题词汇提取:描写“英雄义举 ” 　 维度 英文词块 中文释义 背景与动机 　innocent children 无辜的/纯真的儿童 　escape the Nazis ’ cruelty 逃离纳粹的暴行 　shocked by the poor living conditions and 　 　deadly threats 被恶劣的生活条件和致命威胁所震惊 　resolve to save endangered children 决心拯救危在旦夕的儿童 行动与组织 establish an office to record their information 设立办公室记录他们的信息 　find foster families 找到寄养家庭 　using donations and his own savings 利用捐赠和自己的积蓄 　safely transported to Britain 被安全转移到英国 　　隐退与再发现 　His deed remained hidden for nearly half 　a century. 他的事迹隐藏了近半个世纪。 　fade into quiet obscurity 渐渐淡出,默默无闻 影响与传承 　His story spread worldwide . 他的故事传遍世界。 　true kindness is never in vain 真正的善良从不白费 　live on in those he saved 在他拯救的人身上延续 三、叙事典范:故事讲述训练营 李华提醒Ryan：“一个打动人心的故事，需要有清晰的脉络和生动的细节。”为了让Ryan学习如何有条理、有重点地叙述一个跨越时间长河的善行，李华找到了马可·波罗游记的节选。通过这篇七选五练习，Ryan可以学习如何组织文章结构，如何用“背景-经历-观察-影响”的框架来讲述一个长期坚持并产生文化影响的故事，为自己的评论增强叙事逻辑。 【原创试题】原文选自北师大版必修模块三 Unit 8 Adventure — Language focus 阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Marco Polo was born in Italy in 1254. At the age of 17, he travelled across Europe and Asia with his father, who intended to trade with the Chinese. Finally, they reached Beijing, which was then ruled by Kublai Khan, the Yuan Dynasty Emperor. Kublai Khan warmly welcomed the two foreigners and was eager to know about Europe. Though young, Marco was intelligent and spoke four languages fluently. 1 Deeply impressed by Marco, the Emperor made him his friend and appointed him to serve in the court, assigning him many important tasks nationwide. Marco was amazed by China’s beauty and power, particularly Beijing and the Emperor’s palaces. 2 He was also surprised by China’s advanced inventions. He was shocked to see paper money used in markets, as Europeans paid with gold and silver then. Besides, he had never seen coal before and was confused by the black stones used as fuel. 3 Unfortunately, he was captured and put into prison during a local war. Luckily, he met a prisoner who was an author. While Marco told his stories about China, the author wrote them down. The stories were later made into a book named The Description of the World, which became a bestseller in Europe. Many readers doubted the truth of his fantastic stories. 4 At 70, shortly before his death, he was asked if his stories were real. 5 A. But he firmly believed his tales were true. B. The book was a huge success across Europe. C. Most Europeans knew little about paper money. D. He greatly praised the beautiful Summer Palace. E. This ability helped him communicate easily at court. F. His answer was: “I have only told a half of what I saw!” G. After 17 years in China, Marco returned to Italy in 1291. 【答案】1~5 EDG F 6. 阅读表达 From Marco Polo’s experience, what crucial qualities can we learn? Use at least one quality from the text to support your answer and give your own reasons. First, language skills and adaptability are fundamental. His fluency in multiple languages allowed him to communicate effectively and gain the trust of Kublai Khan. Second, keen observation and an open mind are vital. He was not only shocked by China’s advanced technology like paper money, but also carefully observed and recorded his findings without bias. Finally, persistence in sharing knowledge is key. Despite doubts and imprisonment, his stories were eventually compiled into a book that bridged East and West. These qualities—communication, observation, and perseverance—enabled him to fulfill the role of a bridge between vastly different cultures. 7. 主题词汇提取:描写“历史人物与文化见闻 ” 维度 英文词块 中文释义 背景与启程 travel across Europe and Asia 穿越欧亚大陆旅行 intend to trade with 打算与......进行贸易 ruled by... 由......统治 能力与融入 speak four languages fluently 能流利地说四种语言 communicate easily at court 在宫廷中沟通自如 be appointed to serve in the court 被任命在宫廷任职 观察与记录 be amazed by ... beauty and power 对......的美丽和强大感到惊奇 greatly praise the beautiful ... 高度赞扬美丽的...... be shocked to see used in markets 看见市场上使用的 感到震惊 传承与影响 return to sp. after ... years in sp. 在......生活 ......年后返回...... the stories are made into a book 故事被写成了一本书 firmly believed his tales were true 坚信他的故事是真实的 四、精神升华:逆境价值思考坊 李华引导Ryan进一步思考：“并非所有的善行都会一帆风顺，也并非所有的付出都会立即成功。如何评价过程中的挫折与坚持本身的价值？”他分享了南极探险竞赛的故事。通过这篇语法填空，Ryan可以学习在评论中探讨目标与结果的关系、面对巨大挑战时的坚持，以及如何定义超越成败的“英雄”精神，从而为自己和读者的行动注入更深层的动力。 【原创试题】原文选自北师大版必修模块三 Unit 8 Adventure — skills focus 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On 1 June, 1910, Captain Scott left London to begin his journey to the Antarctic. He received a message 1. the Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen. So the race to the South Pole was on! During the polar summer, both teams organised food bases in 2. (prepare) for their journeys. Scott and Amundsen waited 3. (anxious) for spring. Amundsen was the first 4. (leave). He had teams of dogs 5. (pull) the sledges. Because of this, he made rapid progress. Scott left later but soon had problems. His sledges broke down and the horses had difficulties with the snow and the cold. Scott and his men had to push the sledges 6. (them). Amundsen reached the Pole on 14 December, 7. made Scott and his team shocked when they arrived later. The return journey was 8. (bad) in the history of exploration. They were exhausted and ran out of food. Luckily, they 9. (find) some rocks on the way back. These rocks provided evidence that the Antarctic was once covered by plants. Scott and his team failed to win the race, 10. their courage made them heroes. 【答案】 1. from 2. preparation 3. anxiously 4. to leave 5. pulling 6. themselves 7. which 8. the worst 9. found 10. but 11. 主题词汇提取:描写“探险竞赛与挑战 ” 维度 英文词块 中文释义 竞赛开端 与准备 begin the journey to the Antarctic 开始南极之旅 received a message from... 收到来自......的消息 organised food bases in preparation for... 为 ...... 做筹备而组织食物基地 策略执行 与困境 was the first to leave 是第一个出发的 had teams of dogs pulling the sledges 让狗队持续拉雪橇 had to push the sledges themselves 不得不他们亲自推雪橇 结果与发现 made rapid progress 取得了快速进展 provided evidence that... 提供了......的证据 评价与精神 failed to win the race 未能赢得比赛 courage made them heroes 勇气使他们成为英雄 Part III 青少年评论创作 一、语言实验室 在正式动笔撰写留言评论前，请在以下“语言实验室”中完成热身。你需要模仿本单元所学的核心句式，并借鉴Part II中阅读的素材，练习如何有深度、有条理地向Ryan示范如何撰写一篇关于“美德与善行”的在线评论，为你的正式写作做好准备。 1. As a six-year-old Canadian schoolboy, Ryan had trouble believing the words spoken by his teacher that many people in developing African countries couldn’t get enough clean water. (背景引入,展现冲击与思考起点) 作为一个普通的读者,我起初难以想象,一个简单的善念竟能跨越万里,最终改变成千上万人的生活轨迹。 仿写：As an ordinary reader, I had trouble imagining that a simple act of kindness could cross thousands of miles initially and eventually change the lives of so many people. 2. Shocked by the poor living conditions and deadly threats, Nicholas Winton resolved to save​ endangered children. (描述动机与决断) 被这个故事中主人公的困境和勇气所震撼,我不禁反思,自己在面对身边的不公平时,是否也能如此果断地采取行动。 仿写：Shocked by the dilemma and courage of the hero in this story, I couldn’t help reflecting on whether I could act decisively when facing injustice around me. 3. Marco Polo was amazed by China’s beauty and power, particularly Beijing and the Emperor’s palaces. (表达惊叹与具体观察) 读完整个故事,我深深折服于这种坚持的力量,特别是那份无论面对金钱困难还是他人质疑都未曾动摇的决心。 仿写：After reading the whole story, I was deeply amazed by the power of perseverance, particularly the determination that never weakened in the face of financial difficulties or others’ doubts. 4. Scott and his team failed to win the race, but their courage in exploring the unknown made them heroes. (转折论述,升华精神价值) 也许不是每一次善意的尝试都能立刻取得预期的成功,但每一次勇敢的付出本身,就在为我们共 同的世界点亮一盏灯。 仿写：Perhaps not every attempt at kindness can immediately achieve the expected success, but every act of brave giving itself lights a lamp for our shared world. 5. This insight grew from the determined attitude of a six-year-old boy who had the courage and perseverance to make his dream a reality. (总结感悟,点明精神来源) 这个故事带给我的启示在于,真正的美德往往源于最朴素的同情心,并因不懈的坚持而成长为参 天大树。 仿写：The insight this story brings me is that true virtue often comes from the simplest compassion and grows into a towering tree through tireless perseverance. 6. Here are some reflections for you, which may help you see the event from a deeper perspective. (承上启下,引出观点) 以下是我从这个故事中获得的几点思考,它们或许能帮助我们理解平凡善举中的不平凡之处。 仿写： Here are a few thoughts I gained from this story, which may help us understand the extraordinary within ordinary acts of kindness. 二、模拟任务展示厅 热身完毕！现在，请你以校报编辑“李华”的身份，完成这项最终任务：在校报网站的“美德故事”专栏下，撰写一篇示范性的英文留言评论。此评论将作为你帮助交换生Ryan理解如何撰写有深度评论的范文，旨在展示如何围绕一个美德故事，进行描述、分析和升华。 假定你是李华，你校报网站发布了关于“加拿大男孩Ryan”慈善故事的文章（即Part II 模块一所读文章）。请你以此文为对象，撰写一篇留言评论。 内容包括：1. 简述与共鸣：简要概括故事中令你印象最深刻的部分,并表达你的感受； 2. 分析与延伸：这个故事生动展现了同情心的力量、设定目标后的非凡坚持,以及对自己承诺的强烈责任感。他不仅自己动手筹款,还成功说服了他人加入,这证明了善意具有强大的感染力； 3. 倡导与升华：Ryan的故事是一盏明灯。它提醒我们,年龄和能力从来不是行善的障碍。让我们都像他一样，从问“我今天能帮什么？”开始。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答； 3. 句式要求 (请至少运用以下三种)：状语从句 (when/because/although) ·定语从句 (which/who) ·宾语从句 ·分词短语作状语 (如：Shocked by..., he...) ·“不仅...而且...” (not only...but also...) 结构 Dear Online Editor, Yours, Li Hua Sample 1 (90 words) Dear Online Editor, Ryan’s story is a powerful lesson in kindness and determination. (总起句：点明故事核心主题,引出评论) Shocked by the fact that some children had to walk for water, he chose action over pity. (简述故事：概括 Ryan受触动并付诸行动的关键情节) His efforts, which included doing chores to raise money, show a remarkable sense of responsibility. (分析品质：指出其行为体现的责任感) This reminds us that we are never too young or too small to make a difference. (升华主旨：传递年龄与能力不阻碍行善的道理) Not only did he provide clean water, but he also inspired a global wave of goodwill. (分析影响：阐述其行为带来的双重积极作用) Let us carry this spirit into our daily lives, finding our own ways, big or small, to contribute to a better world. (倡导行动：呼吁读者学习 Ryan，践行善意) 使用句式: 定语从句 (which), 宾语从句 (that we are...), 现在分词短语作状语 (Shocked by...), not only...but also... 结构。 Sample 2 (130 words) Dear Online Editor, The story of the Canadian boy, Ryan, is touching. (总起句：表达对故事的整体感受)What impresses me most is the moment when, as a six‑year‑old boy, he learned many African children suffered from a lack of clean water and simply asked himself, “Why don’t I help?” (简述共鸣：点明最触动自己的故事细节) It is this simple question that shows his purest compassion for others. (分析品质：解读其话语背后的同情心) Moved by his spirit, I admire him deeply. Not only did he earn money through daily work, but he also persuaded people around to donate, which proves kindness is strongly catching. (分析延伸：阐述小事起步、善意传递的意义) Although raising $2,000 seemed challenging for a young child, his perseverance finally benefited thousands of people. (分析品质：突出其坚持带来的成果) Ryan’s story is a light reminding us age and ability are never barriers to doing good. (升华主旨：强调内心善意与行动力的重要性) Let us ask ourselves what we can do to help those in need today. (倡导行动：呼吁读者以 Ryan 为榜样主动行善) 使用句式：定语从句 (when与which), 宾语从句 (what...), 让步状语从句 (Although), 过去分词作状语 (Moved by his spirit...)。 【详细解答】 Part II 道德体悟解码 一、差异探索:美德定义对比窗 【语篇导读】本文讲述加拿大男孩Ryan六岁时得知非洲儿童缺乏清洁饮用水后,心怀同情、坚持筹款修建水井,成年后创立基金会持续公益,最终惠及非洲多国数十万民众的故事,彰显了同情心、坚持与责任的力量,传递出年龄与能力都不是行善的障碍,人人都能以行动传递善意、改变世界的核心主旨。 【解析】 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句“Life is easy for me, but hard for those people. Why don’t I help?”可知,瑞安意识到自己与非洲孩子的生活条件存在巨大差异,这促使他决定提供帮助,故选 D。 2.推理判断题 。根据第二段最后两句 “Ryan understood that a hand pump wouldn’t help the children. What they needed was a well dug near their homes.”可推断,瑞安认为手动水泵没用,是因为它不是孩子们真正需要的(他们需要的是家附近的水井),故选 D。 3. 词义猜测题。结合第三段“He started to ask for help from his classmates and neighbours... After several months, Ryan had raised the $2,000” 可知,瑞安妈妈的朋友帮忙让他的事迹被公众知晓,进而获得了更多捐款,因此“go public” 意为“被公众知晓” ,故选 B。 4. 主旨大意题。全文围绕六岁男孩瑞安的善举展开,讲述他凭借勇气和毅力,从筹款挖井到成立基金会,帮助非洲数十万人获得洁净水,改变了许多人的生活,故选 A。 二、抉择榜样:困境抉择启示录 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了尼古拉斯・温顿在二战前夕救助 669 名犹太儿童逃离纳粹迫害,其善举被尘封近半个世纪后才被公众知晓,温暖了无数人,也彰显了善良永不消逝的人性光辉。 【解析】 1.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:1939 年8月,在布拉格威尔逊车站,数百名天真无辜的孩子独自登上火车,留下他们哭泣的父母。A. cheerful 高兴的;B. innocent 天真的,无辜的; C. careless 粗心的;D. confident 自信的。结合二战背景,这些孩子身处险境却对危险懵懂无知,用 “innocent ” 最贴合语境。故选 B。 2.考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. smiling 微笑的; B. worrying 令人担忧的; C. weeping哭泣的; D. uninteresting 无趣的。父母与孩子面临生离死别,内心悲痛万分,因此是 “哭泣的 ”。故选 C。 3.考查动词词义辨析。句意:尽管家人们担心他们可能再也无法团聚,但他们仍抱有一丝希望 —— 孩子们能够逃离纳粹的残忍迫害。A. separate 分开;B. quarrel 争吵;C. reunite 团聚;D. compromise 妥协。战乱背景下亲人被迫分离,最担心的就是无法再次相见。故选 C。 4.考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. face 面对;B. ignore 忽视;C. accept 接受;D. escape 逃离。父母忍痛送走孩子,正是希望他们能逃离纳粹的迫害,保全性命。故选 D。 5.考查动词词义辨析。句意:这 669名大多为犹太裔的孩子,被一位名叫尼古拉斯・温顿的英国年轻人所救,他的事迹被尘封了近半个世纪。A. mistreated 虐待;B. rescued 营救; C. betrayed 背叛;D. tricked 欺骗。全文核心为温顿救助儿童,此处应表示 “营救 ”。故选 B。 6.考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. hidden 隐藏的;B. well-known 著名的;C. praised 受赞扬的;D. forgotten 被遗忘的。根据下文可知,他的事迹直到 1988 年才被发现,长期处于被隐藏的状态。故选 A。 7.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:看到犹太人恶劣的生活环境和致命威胁,温顿深感震惊,决心拯救这些身处险境的孩子。A. Delighted 高兴的;B. Shocked 震惊的;C. Bored 无聊的; D. Relieved 宽慰的。 目睹难民的悲惨处境,温顿内心受到极大触动与震惊。故选 B。 8.考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. refused 拒绝;B. failed 失败;C. pretended 假装;D. resolved下定决心。看到惨状后,温顿下定决心展开救援行动。故选 D。 9.考查动词词义辨析。句意:他设立了一个办公室来记录孩子们的信息,然后赶回英国寻找寄养家庭。A. quit 放弃;B. controlled 控制;C. established 建立,设立;D. delayed 推迟。为开展救援工作,他需要设立办公点进行登记。故选 C。 10.考查动词词义辨析。句意:到 1939 年 8 月,669 个年轻的生命被安全送往英国。 　 A. transported 运送;B. abandoned 抛弃;C. exchanged 交换;D. stolen 偷窃。温顿组织将 　　孩子们从布拉格转移并护送到英国。故选 A。 11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意1988 年,一切都变了,他的妻子发现了他的旧日记,里面记 　满了孩子们的照片和姓名。A. destroyed 摧毁;B. discovered 发现;C. lost 丢失;D. sold 出 　售。正是日记被发现,温顿的事迹才得以公之于众。故选 B。 12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意:当主持人请被他救下的人站起来时,大多数观众都站了起来, 　这让温顿深受感动。A. sat 坐;B. laughed大笑;C. rose起立;D. cried哭泣。对应前文“stand 　 up” ,观众们起身向恩人致敬。故选 C。 13. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. moved 感动的;B. angry生气的;C. bored 无聊的;D. disappointed失望的。看到众多被自己救下的人到场致谢,温顿内心十分感动。故选 A。 　14.考查动词词义辨析。句意:他的一生告诉我们,真正的善良绝不会徒劳;一颗温暖的心照 　　亮最黑暗的岁月,并在他所拯救的人身上延续下去。A. brightens照亮; B. breaks打破;　 　　C. gives给予; D. slows放慢。此处使用比喻,善良与爱心能照亮黑暗的时代。故选 A。 　15.考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. dies out灭绝;B. fades away逐渐消失;C. runs out用完; 　　D. lives on继续存在,延续。温顿的善举与精神在被救者身上代代延续。故选 D 三、叙事典范:故事讲述训练营 【语篇导读】本文讲述了意大利旅行家马可・波罗17 岁随父来华,受元朝皇帝忽必烈重用,在中国游历多年并惊叹于中国的繁荣与先进；他返回意大利后入狱,其东方见闻被整理成书并在欧洲广为流传,即便遭遇质疑仍坚持所述属实,成为促进古代东西方文化交流、让欧洲了解中国的重要人物。 【解析】 1. E 前一句明确提到 spoke four languages fluently (会说四种语言),E 选项中 This ability 精准指代语言能力,且与后文皇帝重用马可・波罗、让他在宫廷任职形成严密逻辑衔接,符合段中句的上下文过渡要求。 2. D 前一句强调马可・波罗对北京和皇宫印象深刻,后一句用 also 引出对中国发明的惊叹;D选项具体描述他对颐和园的赞美,属于对 “皇宫” 的细节支撑,与上下文构成 “ 总—分” 衔接,逻辑自然。 3. G 此空位于新段落开头, 起到段间过渡作用;前文讲述在中国的经历, 后文讲述回到意大利后的遭遇, G 选项交代服务中国 17 年后归国,完美衔接上下文, 是段首主题句的典型考 法。 4. A 前一句提到很多人怀疑故事的真实性,A 选项用 But 构成转折逻辑,说明马可・波罗始终坚信自己的故事,完美承接上文,符合高考七选五转折关系考点。 5. F 前一句提出问题 was it all true?, F 选项直接给出回答,属于问答呼应,是段尾总结、收尾的经典考法,与原文结尾完全一致。 四、精神升华:逆境价值思考坊 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述 1910 年英国船长斯科特与挪威探险家阿蒙森展开南极点竞赛的经过:阿蒙森率先抵达南极点,斯科特团队虽遭遇装备故障、严寒与物资短缺等重重困难,仍坚持完成旅程并采集到重要地质证据；最终斯科特虽未赢得比赛,但其勇气与探索精神让他成为英雄。 【解析】 1. from 介词用法 表示 “来自某人的消息” ,固定搭配为 a message from sb. ,故填 from。 2. preparation 词性转换(动词→名词)固定短语 in preparation for意为 “为 做准备”,介 词后需用名词,故填 prepare 的名词形式 preparation。 3. anxiously 词性转换(形容词→副词)修饰动词 waited需用副词,意为 “焦急地等待” ,故 填 anxious的副词形式 anxiously。 4. to leave 非谓语动词(不定式作后置定语)固定结构 the first to do sth.表示 “第一个做某事的人” ,序数词后用不定式作定语,故填 to leave。 5. pulling 非谓语动词(现在分词作宾补)结构have sb./sth. doing sth. 强调 “让 持续做某事” , dogs与 pull为主动关系,表示狗一直拉着雪橇,故填 pulling。 6. themselves 反身代词 此处强调“他们亲自、 自己” 推雪橇,主语为 Scott and his men ,对应 的反身代词为 themselves。 7. which 定语从句(非限制性定语从句)空格前为整件事,空格后为谓语 made ,引导非限 制性定语从句指代前面整个句子并在从句中作主语,只能用关系代词 which。 8. the worst 形容词最高级 状语 in the history of exploration(在探险史上)表示最高级范围,bad 的最高级为 worst ,形容词最高级前需加定冠词 the ,故填 the worst。 9. found 谓语动词时态 全文讲述 1910—1912年的过去事件,通篇使用一般过去时,find的过去 式为 found ,故填 found。 10. but 并列连词(转折关系)前半句 “没能赢得比赛”与后半句 “ 勇气让他们成为英雄”为转 折关系,故填转折连词 but。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 评论写作指导 一、核心认知 (一)定义与应用场景 1. 英语评论（English Comment / Short Review）属于英语议论文类应用文，是作者针对特定事件、人物事迹、社会现象、校园热点、文化故事、网络话题等，发表个人看法、表达主观评价、分析内在意义、传递价值观念的书面表达形式。区别于单纯记叙或介绍，评论重在 “评”：不仅要简要复述对象内容，更要提炼观点、剖析内涵、表达态度、升华主旨，做到 “述评结合、有理有据”。 2. 文体本质与语言特点 它属于半正式书面语体，语气客观真诚、逻辑清晰严谨；用词简洁规范，句式丰富多变；不使用过度口语化表达，适合发布在网站留言、校报评论区、社交媒体、英文专栏等公开平台。 3. 主要应用场景（结合高中考情 + 课本单元） （1）校内学习场景 高一单元配套写作：对应人教版必修第三册 Unit 2 Morals and Virtues（道德与美德），针对榜样人物、善良行为、坚持奉献、责任担当等故事撰写短评； 日常作业、单元检测、期中 / 期末考试：以网站留言、校报评论、短文投稿为命题形式，评价身边榜样、校园现象、好人好事； 课堂思辨表达：对阅读文本、故事案例、人物事迹发表看法，训练逻辑思维与观点输出能力。 （2）高考及应试场景 新高考高频应用文题型：常与投稿、建议信结合，考查价值观类话题（善良、坚持、责任、善意、互助）； 命题素材来源：多选取正能量人物故事、公益事迹、国际青少年善举(如 Ryan 的水井故事)、中外优秀榜样等，侧重立德树人的价值导向。 （3）真实生活场景 用于英文网站留言、国际青少年交流平台、英文报刊专栏、社交媒体评论区，分享对人物、事件、热点的看法，实现跨文化交流与思想表达。 4. 写作核心逻辑 固定逻辑框架：简述对象(述)→ 表达感受与观点 → 分析意义与品质 → 联系自身/发出倡议(评)，即“概括—评价—升华”，这也是你之前 Ryan 故事评论所遵循的写作模式。 (二)考纲要求与命题特点 1. 考纲核心要点 (1) 观点明确，立场清晰； (2) 有理有据，逻辑连贯； (3) 语言得体，句式多样； (4) 字数达标（高一通常 80–120 词）。 2. 高考命题规律 常考：校园规则、网络使用、阅读习惯、环保、健康生活 结构固定：引入话题→表达观点 + 理由→总结展望 二、写作框架 第一段：引入话题（Introduction） 1. 功能定位：简要说明评论对象，亮明基本态度 2. 典型启动句 （1）现象引入：Nowadays, ... is becoming more and more popular/common among students. （2）话题切入：Recently, ... has caused wide discussion. 3. 语块库 play an important role in… 在…… 中起重要作用 cause heated discussion 引发热议 a hot topic among students 学生中的热门话题 第二段：发表观点与理由（Opinion & Reasons） 1. 功能定位：明确观点，分点给出理由，让评论有说服力 2. 核心衔接技巧 并列式：First,… Second,… Besides,… 递进式：What’s more,… Moreover,… 转折式：However,… On the other hand,… 3. 理由扩展技巧（避免空洞） 观点 + 原因：I believe… because… 现象 + 影响：It can help us… so that… 对比 + 结论：Compared with…, … is better. 4. 衔接句 (1) To begin with, this story reminds us that even small acts of kindness can make a big difference. (2) Moreover, the perseverance of the character encourages us to face challenges bravely in our own lives. (3) However, we should also think about how to balance helping others with protecting ourselves 5. 升级三步 (1) 加衔接：First of all First of all, the story of Ryan shows us that one small act of kindness can grow into a great help for others. (2) 添细节：with the help of… With the help of his mother and many other people, Ryan finally built a well for the village in Africa. (3) 融效果：make our life more colorful Following the example of such moral models not only teaches us to be kind but also makes our life more colorful and meaningful. 6. 语块库 in my opinion 在我看来 there is no doubt that… 毫无疑问…… the reason is that… 原因是…… be good/bad for… 对…… 有益 / 有害 第三段：总结与展望（Conclusion） 1. 功能定位：重申观点，简要总结，提出希望 2. 高阶启动句 In short,… In a word,… To sum up,… 3. 语块库 I hope that… 我希望…… let’s… together 让我们一起…… have a better future 拥有更美好的未来 三、高频句型（直接背诵） （一）开头段：引入话题 Nowadays, mobile phones are widely used in our daily life. Recently, reading after class has become a hot topic. It is important for us to keep healthy. （二）主体段：观点 + 理由 1. 提出观点 I think it is good for us to… In my opinion, we should… I believe that… is a good habit. 2. 说明理由 First, it can help us… Second, it allows us to… Besides, it makes us… 3. 利弊分析 It has many advantages. However, it also brings some problems. On one hand,… On the other hand,… （三）结尾段：总结 + 希望 In short, it is necessary for us to… To sum up, we should take action to… I hope everyone can… （四）过渡语 First of all, What’s more, In addition, However, Therefore 四、高考真题回顾 试题信息汇总 体裁 试题来源 话题 课文相关单元 投稿 2023全国甲卷 介绍一位中国历史人物 必修二 Unit 4 History And Traditions 必修三 Unit 2 Morals and Virtues 投稿 2020新课标Ⅰ卷 介绍身边值得尊敬和爱戴的人 必修三 Unit 2 Morals and Virtues 选择性必修一 Unit 4 Body Language 感谢信 2019浙江6月卷 感谢英国朋友的帮助 必修一 Unit 1 Teenage Life 必修三 Unit 2 Morals and Virtues 周记 2019北京卷 记录“劳动最光荣”为主题的社会实践活动 必修三 Unit 2 Morals and Virtues 选择性必修三 Unit 3 Environmental Protection 五、高一常考题型（示例） 1. 评论：学生是否该用手机？ 2. 评论：每天阅读的重要性 3. 评论：校园垃圾分类 4. 评论：坚持运动的好处 范文 1: 评论——学生是否应该带手机上学（最常考） Nowadays, mobile phones are very common among middle school students. Different students have different ideas about whether we should bring mobile phones to school. In my opinion, it is not a good idea to bring mobile phones to school. First, some students spend too much time playing games or chatting online instead of listening to the teachers carefully. Second, mobile phones may make noise in class and influence other students. Besides, using phones too much is bad for our eyes and study. In short, mobile phones can bring trouble to school life. I think we should focus on our study at school. 可替换句型 Nowadays, … is very common among … Different people have different ideas about … In my opinion, it is (not) a good idea to … First, … Second, … Besides, … In short, … I think … 范文 2: 评论——坚持课外阅读的重要性 Recently, reading after class has become a hot topic among students. I believe reading is very important for us. There are many advantages of reading. First of all, reading can open our eyes and help us know more about the world. What’s more, it can improve our vocabulary and writing skills. In addition, reading makes us relaxed and wise when we feel tired. To sum up, reading is a good habit. I hope everyone can keep reading every day. 可替换句型 Recently, … has become a hot topic. I believe … is very important for us. There are many advantages of … First of all, … What’s more, … In addition, … To sum up, … I hope … 范文 3: 评论——校园垃圾分类（环保类） Nowadays, garbage sorting is widely carried out in many schools. It is a meaningful activity for students. I strongly support garbage sorting at school. On one hand, it can make our school clean and beautiful. On the other hand, it helps us develop good living habits. Also, it teaches us to protect the environment and love our earth. In a word, garbage sorting is good for us. Let’s take action and do it together. 可替换句型 Nowadays, … is widely carried out in … I strongly support … On one hand, … On the other hand, … Also, … In a word, … Let’s … 范文 4：评论——坚持运动的好处（按要求完成） Recently, doing sports every day has become a hot topic among students. I believe keeping exercising is really necessary and good for our health in mind and body. There are many advantages of doing sports. First of all, it can make us strong and healthy so that we can study better. What’s more, it helps us relax and reduce pressure when we feel tired from study. In addition, doing sports with classmates can improve our friendship and teach us teamwork. To sum up, doing sports is really helpful. I hope everyone can keep exercising and enjoy a healthy and happy life. （一）开头段 可替换句型 1. Recently, doing sports regularly has become a hot topic among students. 2. Nowadays, taking exercise every day is popular among middle school students. 3. These days, playing sports often is widely discussed in our school. 4. I hold the view that keeping exercising is quite necessary and beneficial. 5. I strongly believe that it’s really important for us to work out regularly. （二）主体段 可替换句型 第一点 First of all, it can build up our strength so that we can be energetic in study. First, it keeps us fit and healthy, which helps us study more efficiently. To begin with, doing sports makes us strong enough to face heavy study tasks. 第二点 What’s more, it calms us down and lowers stress when we feel tired. Besides, it helps us relax ourselves and reduce pressure from study. Also, it relaxes our mind when we are under too much pressure. 第三点 In addition, playing sports with classmates strengthens our friendship. What’s more, it develops our team spirit and improves our relationships. Besides, it teaches us how to work with others and cooperate better. （三）结尾段 可替换句型 In short, doing sports brings many benefits to our body and mind. In a word, taking exercise is greatly helpful in our daily life. To sum up, sports are good for both our health and happiness. I hope all of us can stick to exercising and live a healthy life. I wish everyone can keep on doing sports and stay happy every day. （四）替换后完整范文（示例） Recently, taking exercise every day has become a hot topic among students. I hold the view that keeping exercising is quite necessary and beneficial. There are many advantages of doing sports. First, it keeps us fit and healthy so that we can study more efficiently. Besides, it helps us relax ourselves and reduce pressure when we feel tired from study. What’s more, playing sports with classmates strengthens our friendship and develops our team spirit. In short, doing sports brings many benefits. I hope all of us can stick to exercising and enjoy a healthy and happy life. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $