Unit 5 Nature’s Temper 过去进行时（核心语法精练）英语新教材鲁教版（五四学制）八年级上册

**基本信息** 以“概念-标志-易混点”为逻辑主线，通过分层训练构建过去进行时方法体系，强化语境应用与思维辨析，提升语言理解与表达能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |知识回顾|1模块|过去进行时构成/标志词/when-while用法对比|概念（构成/含义）→标志词识别→易混点辨析| |考点夯基|单选30题+填空10题|动词形式变化/时间状语匹配|基础用法→标志词应用→句式转换| |综合提升|语法选择1篇+短文填空2篇|语篇语境中时态呼应/事件时序分析|单一语法→语篇综合→跨情境迁移|

Unit 5 Nature’s Temper 核心语法精练（过去进行时） 目录 二、考点夯基 3 一、单项选择 3 二、用所给单词的正确形式填空 7 一、语法选择 9 二、短文填空 11 过去进行时 构成 was/were+ doing 含义 表示过去某一时刻或某一时间段正在进行的动作 标志词 at that time, at this time yesterday, at 8:00 yesterday morning, all night 及when/while 用 法 区 别 When ①既指时间点，也可指时间段；后可接终止性动词，也可接延续性动词 ②从句的动作和主句的动作可以是同时，也可以是先后发生 ③when 后一般接过去式：When the teacher came in, we were talking. ④表“突然”：I was having my dinner when there was a sudden knock at the door. While ①后接延续性动词 ②从句的动作和主句的动作是同时发生 ③while 后一般接进行时：While we were talking, the teacher came in. ④表“然而”：Mother was cooking ,while father was watching TV . 一、单项选择 1．My father ________ a newspaper when I got home yesterday evening. A．reads B．is reading C．was reading D．will read 2．I ________ TV when my mother came back. A．watch B．watched C．am watching D．was watching 3．While he ________ the lesson quietly in the study, the telephone rang loudly. A．is reviewing B．reviews C．reviewed D．was reviewing 4．I ________ my homework when my best friend suddenly knocked on the door. A．do B．was doing C．am doing D．will do 5．— What were you doing at 8:00 last night? — I ________ a shower at that time. A．took B．am taking C．was taking D．take 6．—What ________ you ________ at 9 o’clock last Saturday evening? —I was watching a documentary about earthquakes. A．do；do B．did；do C．were；doing D．are；doing 7．—Where were you playing football ________ ?    —On the football field. A．tomorrow B．next Monday C．right now D．at 4 yesterday afternoon 8．—________ you ________ when the earthquake started last night? —Yes, I was just about to fall asleep. A．Did; sleep B．Were; sleeping C．Are; sleeping D．Do; sleep 9．My brother was playing games ______ I was preparing for the English test. A．when B．while C．as soon as D．until 10．—Why didn’t you answer my phone call, David? —I’m sorry, but I ________ then. A．drove B．was driving C．have driven D．is driving 11．When the earthquake happened, the students ________ an English class. A．have B．had C．were having 12．I ________ a maths problem with Joe when Mike called me up. A．discuss B．discussed C．was discussing D．will discuss 13．—Helen, I didn’t see you in the classroom at five yesterday afternoon. —Oh, I ________ singing for the graduation ceremony at that time. A．will practise B．have practised C．am practising D．was practising 14．He was riding his bike ________ he met his old friend. A．while B．when C．because D．if 15．I ________ a walk along the river at 7:00 yesterday evening. A．take B．took C．was taking D．am taking 16．The rocket ________ up into the sky when we arrived to watch. A．flew B．was flying C．flies D．is flying 17．________ she having a space lesson when the power went off? A．Is B．Was C．Did D．Does 18．It ________ heavily when the launch started. A．rains B．rained C．was raining D．is raining 19．While my mother ______ dinner, my father ______ newspapers last night. A．cooked; read B．was cooking; read C．was cooking; was reading D．cooks; reads 20．What ________ you ________ when the earthquake happened? A．are; doing B．were; doing C．do; do D．did; do 21．While I ________ my homework, my brother ________ games yesterday evening. A．did; played B．was doing; played C．was doing; was playing D．am doing; plays 22．I was folding my clothes while my mother ________ in the kitchen. A．cooked B．cooks C．cooking D．was cooking 23．When I entered the meeting room, Ken ________ Joe for the school newspaper. A．interviews B．interviewed C．was interviewing 24．—Why didn’t you go to play basketball with us yesterday afternoon? —I ________my mum do the housework at that moment. A．help B．was helping C．have helped D．am helped 25．While the students ________ the city park last Saturday, it suddenly started to rain. A．clean B．cleaned C．are cleaning D．were cleaning 26．My father ________ TV when he ________ a loud noise from the garden yesterday evening A．watched; heard B．was watching; heard C．watched; was hearing D．was watching; hears 27．My supervisor mentioned he ________ cutting-edge AI technologies when I consulted him about the thesis last month. A．explored B．was exploring C．has explored D．had explored 28．My father asked me ________ I ________ with my friends at that time yesterday. A．what; am doing B．what; was doing C．where; am doing D．where; was doing 29．She ________ to music when her mother came in. A．listened B．listens C．was listening D．is listening 30．The students ________ quietly in class when the headmaster entered. A．were sitting B．sat C．sit D．are sitting 二、单词拼写 31．I ________ (read) the novel Treasure Island carefully when my cousin knocked at my door. 32．While Linda ________ (sleep), Jenny was helping Mary with her homework. 33．The wind __________ (blow) hard all morning. 34．We __________ (enjoy) our meal when it began to snow again. 35．People __________ (run) in all directions while pieces of glass were raining down. 36．I __________ (work) when the earthquake started. 37．One woman started to cry while she __________ (listen) to the music. 38．While others __________ (call) their families, I got more and more worried. 39．The scientists ________ (test) new equipment from 2 p.m. to 4 p.m. yesterday. 40．While the rocket ________ (fly) into space, people cheered loudly on the ground. 一、语法选择 通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后按照句子结构的语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每题所给的三个选项中，选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 In late March 2026, a powerful storm hit the central United States. It was 1 most terrible natural disaster in that area in the past twenty years. Winds reached over 100 miles per hour and heavy rain flooded the streets. Many people 2 when the strong wind suddenly broke their windows. “I 3 believe my eyes,” said Jack, a local person. “The trees were falling like matches.” He tried his best 4 his family to the basement (地下室). They stayed there for about two hours, listening to the terrible noise above them. When the storm finally passed, they came out 5 and saw the sun rise over the broken city. The whole neighborhood was in a mess. 6 they lost their home, they felt lucky to be alive. The government sent help and gave 7 food and warm clothes. “We 8 many terrible storms so far, but this is the worst,” said a volunteer. “We will pull together and rebuild our homes. Even though nature is powerful, together we can go through anything.” 9 days of hard cleaning and rebuilding, the community got much better. People helped each other to fix their houses and clean up the roads. The force of nature can be strong, but we can be even 10 when we stand side by side. Even the hardest times become warm and hopeful when we work together. 1．A．a B．an C．the 2．A．slept B．sleep C．were sleeping 3．A．couldn’t B．shouldn’t C．mustn’t 4．A．take B．to take C．taking 5．A．care B．careful C．carefully 6．A．Because B．Although C．Unless 7．A．they B．them C．their 8．A．saw B．will see C．have seen 9．A．After B．Before C．In 10．A．strong B．stronger C．the strongest 二、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个恰当的词或填入括号内单词的正确形式。 Did you experience an earthquake? There was a terribly strong earthquake in Mexico City 1 September 19th, 1985. A lot of buildings 2 (sudden) fell down, and hundreds of people were in 3 (dangerous). Many people were sleeping at that time. After the earthquake, the power went out in 40% of places of Mexico City. The news 4 (report) that about 10000 people died in the earthquake. Lots of people in Mexico City became 5 (volunteer) to help others. Some people in other areas also offered to help. They tried their best 6 (supply) clean water, enough clothes and food to Mexico City. The aftershock (余震) happened on the evening of December 20th. It was 7 strongest aftershock in Mexico City. “I told my students two things. Firstly, we should protect 8 (our), because it is not a game. 9 (two), we should get ready for everything in time,” said a middle school teacher. 10 all the buildings in the school were broken, everyone was safe. Because all the students and the teachers had learned some life-saving skills, they quickly ran out of the buildings. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 An Indian mum lost parts of her two legs during a tornado. She saved her 1 (children) lives by protecting them with her own body. Stephanie Decker said in the interview that she 2 (pick) up her two children from school when a storm was coming near. They were in the family’s underground room and all of 3 sudden the storm hit. “I 4 (not see) such a strong wind before,” Decker said. “As soon as the glass broke, the whole house started moving.” Decker made a quick 5 (decide) to save her children. She tied them up in a blanket and threw herself on top of them. “My children were screaming, ‘Mummy, I can’t live 6 (with) you. Please don’t let me die.’ And I said, ‘We’re not going to die. We are going to make it.’” Her children were safe from the storm. But it was 7 (lucky) that Decker lost her legs. “When I looked down at my legs, I realized what happened. I was afraid that something more terrible would happen, 8 I took my phone and made a video to tell my husband about it,” Decker said. “I prayed to survive. I want these kids 9 (have) a mum.” A neighbour heard this. He ran for help 10 called the police. “I find it amazing to survive. My children are here because of her,” Decker’s husband Joe told the reporter. “She is the hero in our mind.” 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 Nature’s Temper 核心语法精练（过去进行时） 目录 二、考点夯基 3 一、单项选择 3 二、用所给单词的正确形式填空 7 一、语法选择 9 二、短文填空 11 过去进行时 构成 was/were+ doing 含义 表示过去某一时刻或某一时间段正在进行的动作 标志词 at that time, at this time yesterday, at 8:00 yesterday morning, all night 及when/while 用 法 区 别 When ①既指时间点，也可指时间段；后可接终止性动词，也可接延续性动词 ②从句的动作和主句的动作可以是同时，也可以是先后发生 ③when 后一般接过去式：When the teacher came in, we were talking. ④表“突然”：I was having my dinner when there was a sudden knock at the door. While ①后接延续性动词 ②从句的动作和主句的动作是同时发生 ③while 后一般接进行时：While we were talking, the teacher came in. ④表“然而”：Mother was cooking ,while father was watching TV . 一、单项选择 1．My father ________ a newspaper when I got home yesterday evening. A．reads B．is reading C．was reading D．will read 【答案】C 【详解】句意：昨天晚上我到家时，我的爸爸正在看报纸。 结合“when I got home yesterday evening”，when引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，主句表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作，时态应为过去进行时，结构为“was/were+现在分词”。应填入was reading。 2．I ________ TV when my mother came back. A．watch B．watched C．am watching D．was watching 【答案】D 【详解】句意：当我妈妈回来时，我正在看电视。 根据“when my mother came back”可知，从句是一般过去时，表示过去具体的时间点，主句表示在过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时，其结构为was/were doing，主语为I，be动词用was。 3．While he ________ the lesson quietly in the study, the telephone rang loudly. A．is reviewing B．reviews C．reviewed D．was reviewing 【答案】D 【详解】句意：当他正在书房里安静地复习功课时，电话大声地响了起来。 根据“the telephone rang loudly”可知主句是一般过去时。while引导的时间状语从句表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时。主语he是第三人称单数，be动词用was。应填was reviewing。 4．I ________ my homework when my best friend suddenly knocked on the door. A．do B．was doing C．am doing D．will do 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当我最好的朋友突然敲门时，我正在做作业。 when引导的时间状语从句中谓语动词knocked是一般过去时，表示过去某一时刻正在发生的动作应用过去进行时，结构为was/were+doing。主语I搭配was。 5．— What were you doing at 8:00 last night? — I ________ a shower at that time. A．took B．am taking C．was taking D．take 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——昨晚八点你正在做什么？——那时我正在洗澡。 take a shower意为“洗淋浴”，took为动词的过去式，用于一般过去时；am taking是现在进行时；was taking是过去进行时；take动词原形，用于一般现在时。根据问句中的时间状语“at 8:00 last night”以及答句中的“at that time”可知，动作表示过去某一特定时刻正在进行，应使用过去进行时，其结构为“was/were+动词现在分词”。主语为 I，be动词用was，take的现在分词为taking。应填was taking。 6．—What ________ you ________ at 9 o’clock last Saturday evening? —I was watching a documentary about earthquakes. A．do；do B．did；do C．were；doing D．are；doing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——上周六晚上9点你正在做什么？——我正在看一部关于地震的纪录片。 根据时间状语“at 9 o’clock last Saturday evening”可知，动作发生在过去某一具体时刻，强调当时正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时，结构为was/were+doing。主语是you，be动词用were。 7．—Where were you playing football ________ ?    —On the football field. A．tomorrow B．next Monday C．right now D．at 4 yesterday afternoon 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——昨天下午4点你在哪里踢足球？——在足球场上。 tomorrow明天；next Monday下周一； right now此刻；at 4 yesterday afternoon昨天下午4点。根据“were playing”可知句子时态为过去进行时，表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，需用过去的具体时间状语，A、B项用于将来时，C项用于现在进行时，只有D项符合。 8．—________ you ________ when the earthquake started last night? —Yes, I was just about to fall asleep. A．Did; sleep B．Were; sleeping C．Are; sleeping D．Do; sleep 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——昨晚地震开始的时候你正在睡觉吗？——是的，我正要睡着。 根据时间状语“when the earthquake started last night”可知，此处表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时，结构为was/were+doing。主语为you，be动词用were。应填Were; sleeping。 9．My brother was playing games ______ I was preparing for the English test. A．when B．while C．as soon as D．until 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我哥哥在玩游戏，而我在准备英语考试。 when当……时（时间点或时间段）；while然而，当……时（强调对比或持续动作）；as soon as一……就；until直到。根据“My brother was playing games”和“I was preparing for the English test”可知，前后两个持续动作同时进行且表示对比，while符合语境。 10．—Why didn’t you answer my phone call, David? —I’m sorry, but I ________ then. A．drove B．was driving C．have driven D．is driving 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——大卫，你为什么不接我的电话？——对不起，但我那时正在开车。 根据问句“Why didn’t you answer...”可知，动作发生在过去，结合答语中的时间状语“then”可知，表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时。应填was driving。 11．When the earthquake happened, the students ________ an English class. A．have B．had C．were having 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当地震发生时，学生们正在上英语课。 “When the earthquake happened” 这个表示过去时间点的状语，主句应使用过去进行时，表示在过去某一时刻正在进行的动作；主语the students为复数，对应的过去进行时结构为were+现在分词，应填were having。 12．I ________ a maths problem with Joe when Mike called me up. A．discuss B．discussed C．was discussing D．will discuss 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当Mike给我打电话时，我正在和Joe讨论一道数学题。 根据从句中called可知动作发生在过去，when引导的时间状语从句表示当一个动作发生时，另一个动作正在进行，主句应用过去进行时，结构为was/were doing。 13．—Helen, I didn’t see you in the classroom at five yesterday afternoon. —Oh, I ________ singing for the graduation ceremony at that time. A．will practise B．have practised C．am practising D．was practising 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——海伦，昨天下午五点我没看见你在教室里。——哦，那时我正在练习为毕业典礼唱歌呢。 根据时间状语“at five yesterday afternoon”和答语中的“at that time”可知，过去某一具体时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时，结构为was/were+doing，主语为“I”，be动词用was。应填was practising。 14．He was riding his bike ________ he met his old friend. A．while B．when C．because D．if 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他正在骑自行车时，遇到了他的老朋友。 while当……时候（后常接延续性动词/进行时态）；when当……时候（可接瞬间动词/延续性动词）；because因为；if如果。从句中met是瞬间动词，用when表示“就在这时”。 15．I ________ a walk along the river at 7:00 yesterday evening. A．take B．took C．was taking D．am taking 【答案】C 【详解】句意：昨天晚上 7 点我正在河边散步。 根据“at 7:00 yesterday evening”（过去具体时刻），可知动作当时正在进行。过去进行时结构为was/were+doing，主语I搭配was taking，符合语境。应填was taking。 16．The rocket ________ up into the sky when we arrived to watch. A．flew B．was flying C．flies D．is flying 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们赶来观看的时候，火箭正飞向天空。 when引导的时间状语从句为一般过去时，强调从句动作发生时主句动作正在进行，要用过去进行时，应填was flying。 17．________ she having a space lesson when the power went off? A．Is B．Was C．Did D．Does 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当停电的时候，她正在上太空课吗？ Is是，一般现在时；Was是，一般过去时；Did助动词；Does助动词。根据时间状语从句“when the power went off”中的“went”为过去式，可知主句应用过去时态；句中已有现在分词“having”，构成进行时结构，需搭配be动词；主语“she”是第三人称单数，be动词过去式用Was。 18．It ________ heavily when the launch started. A．rains B．rained C．was raining D．is raining 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当发射开始时，天正下着大雨。 句中含有when引导的时间状语从句“when the launch started.（当发射开始时）”，从句用一般过去时，主句用过去进行时（was/were + doing），强调“当过去某个动作发生时，另一个动作正在进行”。该句语境强调“当发射开始的那个瞬间，雨正下得很大”，was raining符合语法与语境。 19．While my mother ______ dinner, my father ______ newspapers last night. A．cooked; read B．was cooking; read C．was cooking; was reading D．cooks; reads 【答案】C 【详解】句意：昨晚当我母亲在做晚饭时，我父亲在看报纸。 根据时间状语“last night”可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情；连词“While”意为“当……时候”，强调两个动作在过去某一时刻同时进行，通常都用过去进行时“was/were doing”；主语“my mother”和“my father”均为第三人称单数，be应用was，应填was cooking；was reading。 20．What ________ you ________ when the earthquake happened? A．are; doing B．were; doing C．do; do D．did; do 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当地震发生时，你正在做什么？ 根据时间状语从句“when the earthquake happened”中的过去式动词“happened”可知，此处询问过去某一特定时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时，其结构为“was/were+现在分词”，由于主语为人称代词“you”，助动词应用were，应填were; doing。 21．While I ________ my homework, my brother ________ games yesterday evening. A．did; played B．was doing; played C．was doing; was playing D．am doing; plays 【答案】C 【详解】句意：昨晚我在写作业的时候，弟弟正在打游戏。 did，do的过去式；played，play的过去式；was doing正在做，过去进行时态；was playing正在玩，过去进行时态；am doing正在做，现在进行时态； plays玩，一般现在时态。while 引导时间状语从句，强调过去两个动作同时正在发生，主从句都要用过去进行时。 22．I was folding my clothes while my mother ________ in the kitchen. A．cooked B．cooks C．cooking D．was cooking 【答案】D 【详解】句意：当我正在叠衣服的时候，我的妈妈正在厨房做饭。 根据“I was folding my clothes”可知，主句时态为过去进行时，while引导的时间状语从句表示两个动作同时进行，从句也应该用过去进行时。应填was cooking。 23．When I entered the meeting room, Ken ________ Joe for the school newspaper. A．interviews B．interviewed C．was interviewing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当我进入会议室时，Ken正为学校报纸采访乔。 根据“When I entered the meeting room”可知，主句表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时，主语是Ken，be动词用was，应填was interviewing。 24．—Why didn’t you go to play basketball with us yesterday afternoon? —I ________my mum do the housework at that moment. A．help B．was helping C．have helped D．am helped 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——昨天下午你为什么没和我们一起去打篮球？——那时我正在帮我妈妈做家务。 根据时间状语“yesterday afternoon”和“at that moment”可知，动作发生在过去的某一特定时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时，其结构是“was/were + doing”，主语I，此处用was helping。 25．While the students ________ the city park last Saturday, it suddenly started to rain. A．clean B．cleaned C．are cleaning D．were cleaning 【答案】D 【详解】句意：上周六当学生们正在打扫城市公园时，突然开始下雨了。 根据时间状语“last Saturday”可知动作发生在过去；while引导的时间状语从句强调动作正在进行，且主句started为一般过去时，表示过去某个时刻突然发生的动作，故从句应用过去进行时。 26．My father ________ TV when he ________ a loud noise from the garden yesterday evening A．watched; heard B．was watching; heard C．watched; was hearing D．was watching; hears 【答案】B 【详解】句意：昨晚我爸爸正在看电视时，听到花园里传来一声巨响。 watched看（一般过去时）；was watching正在看（过去进行时）；heard听到（一般过去时）；hears听到（一般现在时）。根据时间状语“yesterday evening”和“when”引导的语境，主句表示过去正在进行的动作用过去进行时，从句表示突然发生的短暂动作用一般过去时，故主句用was watching，从句用heard。 27．My supervisor mentioned he ________ cutting-edge AI technologies when I consulted him about the thesis last month. A．explored B．was exploring C．has explored D．had explored 【答案】B 【详解】句意：上个月我就论文请教导师时，导师提到他已经研究过前沿人工智能技术。 主句mentioned为过去时，从句表示上个月咨询时正在研究，用过去进行时。 28．My father asked me ________ I ________ with my friends at that time yesterday. A．what; am doing B．what; was doing C．where; am doing D．where; was doing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我爸爸问我昨天那个时候正在和朋友们做什么。 what什么；where哪里；am doing现在进行时；was doing过去进行时。根据主句动词asked为一般过去时和时间状语at that time yesterday可知，宾语从句需使用过去进行时，结合句子询问具体行为的语境，应填what; was doing。 29．She ________ to music when her mother came in. A．listened B．listens C．was listening D．is listening 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当她的妈妈进来时，她正在听音乐。 根据“when her mother came in”可知，从句是一般过去时，表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，主句应用过去进行时，结构为was/were+doing。主语She是第三人称单数，be动词用was。 30．The students ________ quietly in class when the headmaster entered. A．were sitting B．sat C．sit D．are sitting 【答案】A 【详解】句意： 校长进来时，学生们正在教室里安静地坐着。 were sitting 过去进行时；sat 一般过去时；sit 一般现在时；are sitting 现在进行时。时间状语从句“when the headmaster entered”使用一般过去时，表示一个过去发生的短暂动作。主句描述该动作发生时正在进行的持续性动作，需用过去进行时。主语“The students”为复数，助动词用“were”。A项“were sitting”符合时态与主谓一致。B项“sat”为一般过去时，仅表示“坐过”这一事实，无法体现动作的持续性及与“entered”的同步关系；C、D两项为现在时态，与从句的过去时矛盾。因此排除B、C、D。 二、单词拼写 31．I ________ (read) the novel Treasure Island carefully when my cousin knocked at my door. 【答案】 was reading 【详解】句意：表哥敲我的门时，我正在认真地读着小说《金银岛》。根据“when my cousin knocked at my door”可知是强调过去的某个时间点（表哥敲我的门时）正在发生的事情（我正在读小说），应用过去进行时：was/were doing，主语为I，be动词用was，read的现在分词为reading。 32．While Linda ________ (sleep), Jenny was helping Mary with her homework. 【答案】was sleeping 【详解】句意： 当琳达正在睡觉时，珍妮正在帮助玛丽做作业。while引导时间状语从句，强调两个动作同时进行，且通常都使用进行时态。主句使用过去进行时was helping，从句也应用过去进行时，主语Linda是第三人称单数，所以用was sleeping。 33．The wind __________ (blow) hard all morning. 【答案】was blowing 【详解】句意：整个上午风都刮得很大。blow“吹”，句中“all morning”表示从过去某一时刻持续到过去另一时刻的动作，且强调动作的持续性，应用过去进行时（was/were + doing）。主语“The wind”为第三人称单数，故填 was blowing。 34．We __________ (enjoy) our meal when it began to snow again. 【答案】were enjoying 【详解】句意：当又开始下雪时，我们正在享用我们的餐食。根据“when it began to snow”提示，表示过去某个动作发生时，另一个动作正在进行，应用过去进行时。主语We为复数，be动词用were，enjoy的现在分词形式是enjoying。 35．People __________ (run) in all directions while pieces of glass were raining down. 【答案】were running 【详解】句意：当玻璃碎片纷纷掉落时，人们四处乱跑。 句中while引导过去正在发生的持续性动作，后半句为过去进行时，前半句动作同步发生也需用过去进行时；主语People表复数，对应的be动词过去式为were，run的现在分词为running，故填were running。 36．I __________ (work) when the earthquake started. 【答案】was working 【详解】句意：地震发生的时候我正在工作。 句中when引导过去某个瞬间的动作（started为一般过去时），主句表示当时正在进行的动作，要用过去进行时；主语I对应的be动词过去式为was，work的现在分词为working。 37．One woman started to cry while she __________ (listen) to the music. 【答案】was listening 【详解】句意：一位女士听着音乐的时候哭了起来。句中“while”引导时间状语从句，强调主句动作发生时从句动作正在持续，主句谓语started为过去式，提示整件事发生在过去，从句用过去进行时。主语she是第三人称单数，be动词选用was，listen的现在分词直接加ing，故填was listening。 38．While others __________ (call) their families, I got more and more worried. 【答案】were calling 【详解】句意：当其他人正在给家人打电话时，我变得越来越担忧。句中While引导时间状语从句，主句动词got为一般过去时，while从句强调过去某一时间段同步进行的动作，需使用过去进行时；主语others为复数，对应的be动词用were，call的现在分词形式为calling，故填were calling。 39．The scientists ________ (test) new equipment from 2 p.m. to 4 p.m. yesterday. 【答案】were testing 【详解】句意：昨天下午2点到4点，科学家们正在测试新设备。时间状语“from 2 p.m. to 4 p.m. yesterday”指过去特定的一段时间，描述这段时间里正在进行的动作，需要用过去进行时，结构为“was/were + 动词现在分词”；主语scientists是复数，be动词用were，test的现在分词是testing。 40．While the rocket ________ (fly) into space, people cheered loudly on the ground. 【答案】was flying 【详解】句意：当火箭飞入太空时，人们在地面上大声欢呼。空格处缺谓语，fly“飞”为谓语动词；根据“While”引导的时间状语从句以及主句“people cheered loudly on the ground”的时态为一般过去时，从句强调过去某一动作发生时，另一个动作正在进行，句子需用过去进行时，构成形式为：was/were+doing；主语是单数The rocket，be动词用was，故填was flying。 一、语法选择 通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后按照句子结构的语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每题所给的三个选项中，选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 In late March 2026, a powerful storm hit the central United States. It was 1 most terrible natural disaster in that area in the past twenty years. Winds reached over 100 miles per hour and heavy rain flooded the streets. Many people 2 when the strong wind suddenly broke their windows. “I 3 believe my eyes,” said Jack, a local person. “The trees were falling like matches.” He tried his best 4 his family to the basement (地下室). They stayed there for about two hours, listening to the terrible noise above them. When the storm finally passed, they came out 5 and saw the sun rise over the broken city. The whole neighborhood was in a mess. 6 they lost their home, they felt lucky to be alive. The government sent help and gave 7 food and warm clothes. “We 8 many terrible storms so far, but this is the worst,” said a volunteer. “We will pull together and rebuild our homes. Even though nature is powerful, together we can go through anything.” 9 days of hard cleaning and rebuilding, the community got much better. People helped each other to fix their houses and clean up the roads. The force of nature can be strong, but we can be even 10 when we stand side by side. Even the hardest times become warm and hopeful when we work together. 1．A．a B．an C．the 2．A．slept B．sleep C．were sleeping 3．A．couldn’t B．shouldn’t C．mustn’t 4．A．take B．to take C．taking 5．A．care B．careful C．carefully 6．A．Because B．Although C．Unless 7．A．they B．them C．their 8．A．saw B．will see C．have seen 9．A．After B．Before C．In 10．A．strong B．stronger C．the strongest 【答案】 1．C 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．B 7．B 8．C 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文讲述了2026年3月美国中部遭遇风暴，人们受灾后互助重建，展现了团结合作战胜困难的主题。 1．句意：这是该地区过去二十年来最严重的一场自然灾害。 空后为形容词最高级most terrible，最高级前必须加定冠词the，a、an不能修饰最高级。 2．句意：大风突然吹碎窗户时，许多人正在睡觉。 本句为when引导的时间状语从句，从句动作突然发生，主句为过去正在进行的动作，需用过去进行时were sleeping，slept、sleep时态不符。 3．句意：我不敢相信自己的眼睛。 根据后文树木成片倒下的惨烈场景，此处表达难以置信的心情，couldn’t表示“不能、无法”，shouldn’t“不应该”、mustn’t“禁止”不符合语境。 4．句意：他尽全力把家人带到地下室。 固定搭配try one’s best to do sth.表示“尽某人最大努力做某事”，需用动词不定式to take。 5．句意：暴风雨终于过去后，他们小心翼翼地走出来，看见阳光洒在破败的城市上空。 此处需要副词修饰动词came out，carefully“小心地”为副词，care是名词、careful是形容词，均不能修饰动词。 6．句意：虽然他们失去了家园，但能活着就觉得很幸运。 前后句存在让步转折关系，although表示“虽然、尽管”，because表原因，unless表除非，均不符合逻辑。 7．句意：政府送来援助，为他们提供食物和保暖衣物。 固定搭配give sb. sth.，此处作gave的宾语，需用人称代词宾格them，they是主格，their是形容词性物主代词。 8．句意：一名志愿者说：“到目前为止我们见过许多可怕的风暴，但这是最严重的一次。” 根据时间状语“so far”可知用现在完成时，结构为have/has+动词过去分词，have seen符合语境。 9．句意：经过数日的清理和重建工作，社区的情况好了很多。 结合语境，清理重建工作完成之后环境变好，after表示“在……之后”，before“在……之前”、in“在……内”不符合句意。 10．句意：大自然的力量很强大，但我们并肩团结时会变得更强大。 空前副词even修饰形容词比较级，结合语境存在对比含义，需用strong的比较级stronger。 二、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个恰当的词或填入括号内单词的正确形式。 Did you experience an earthquake? There was a terribly strong earthquake in Mexico City 1 September 19th, 1985. A lot of buildings 2 (sudden) fell down, and hundreds of people were in 3 (dangerous). Many people were sleeping at that time. After the earthquake, the power went out in 40% of places of Mexico City. The news 4 (report) that about 10000 people died in the earthquake. Lots of people in Mexico City became 5 (volunteer) to help others. Some people in other areas also offered to help. They tried their best 6 (supply) clean water, enough clothes and food to Mexico City. The aftershock (余震) happened on the evening of December 20th. It was 7 strongest aftershock in Mexico City. “I told my students two things. Firstly, we should protect 8 (our), because it is not a game. 9 (two), we should get ready for everything in time,” said a middle school teacher. 10 all the buildings in the school were broken, everyone was safe. Because all the students and the teachers had learned some life-saving skills, they quickly ran out of the buildings. 【答案】 1．on 2．suddenly 3．danger 4．reported 5．volunteers 6．to supply 7．the 8．ourselves 9．Secondly 10．Although/Though 【导语】本文讲述了1985年墨西哥城大地震及其余震的灾情，人们自发参与救援，以及一位中学老师分享的避震经验，强调掌握救生技能的重要性。 1．句意：1985年9月19日，墨西哥城发生了一场强烈可怕的地震。空格后面是具体某一天的日期（月+日，年份），介词应用on。 2．句意：许多建筑物突然倒塌了，成百上千的人陷入危险之中。动词短语“fell down”前面需要副词作状语，修饰动词，sudden是形容词，需变为副词形式，表示“突然地”，应用suddenly。 3．句意：许多建筑物突然倒塌了，成百上千的人陷入危险之中。固定短语be in danger表示“处于危险中”，符合语境，应用danger。 4．句意：新闻报道大约10000人在这次地震中丧生。整篇文章时态为一般过去时（地震发生在1985年），主语是the news，谓语动词应用过去式reported。 5．句意：墨西哥城很多人成为志愿者去帮助他人。主语“Lots of people”是复数，volunteer也需变为复数形式volunteers。 6．句意：他们尽最大努力向墨西哥城输送干净的水、充足的衣物和食物。固定搭配try one’s best to do sth.表示“尽某人最大努力去做某事”，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，应填to supply。 7．句意：它是墨西哥城最强的一次余震。空格后是形容词最高级strongest，表示“最强的”，前面必须加定冠词the。 8．句意：首先，我们应当保护我们自己，因为这不是一场游戏。动作protect的对象是主语we本身，要用反身代词，our的反身代词是ourselves，表示“我们自己”。 9．句意：第二，我们应当及时做好一切准备。前面有Firstly，对应后面要用Secondly，表示“其次，第二”，用来列举条目。 10．句意：尽管学校里所有建筑都损毁了，但是所有人都安然无恙。两个分句存在让步关系：虽然建筑损毁，但是人都安全；应用连词Although或Though，表示“虽然，尽管”，引导让步状语从句，首字母需大写。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 An Indian mum lost parts of her two legs during a tornado. She saved her 1 (children) lives by protecting them with her own body. Stephanie Decker said in the interview that she 2 (pick) up her two children from school when a storm was coming near. They were in the family’s underground room and all of 3 sudden the storm hit. “I 4 (not see) such a strong wind before,” Decker said. “As soon as the glass broke, the whole house started moving.” Decker made a quick 5 (decide) to save her children. She tied them up in a blanket and threw herself on top of them. “My children were screaming, ‘Mummy, I can’t live 6 (with) you. Please don’t let me die.’ And I said, ‘We’re not going to die. We are going to make it.’” Her children were safe from the storm. But it was 7 (lucky) that Decker lost her legs. “When I looked down at my legs, I realized what happened. I was afraid that something more terrible would happen, 8 I took my phone and made a video to tell my husband about it,” Decker said. “I prayed to survive. I want these kids 9 (have) a mum.” A neighbour heard this. He ran for help 10 called the police. “I find it amazing to survive. My children are here because of her,” Decker’s husband Joe told the reporter. “She is the hero in our mind.” 【答案】 1．children’s 2．was picking 3．a 4．haven’t seen 5．decision 6．without 7．unlucky 8．so 9．to have 10．and 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述龙卷风中母亲斯蒂芬妮舍身护子，失去双腿后获救，被家人奉为英雄。 1．句意：她用自己的身体保护孩子，挽救了孩子们的生命。此处是名词所有格作定语，修饰名词lives，表示“孩子们的”，因此用复数名词所有格形式children’s。 2．句意：斯蒂芬妮·德克尔在采访中表示，暴风雨即将来临的时候，她正从学校接两个孩子回家。此处是when引导的过去时间状语从句，主句表过去正在进行的动作，用过去进行时。 3．句意：他们在家中的地下室里，暴风雨突然来袭。固定搭配all of a sudden意为“突然”。 4．句意：我以前从来没见过这么强的风。before是现在完成时的标志词，表示“之前从未见过如此强风”，主语是I，用haven’t seen。 5．句意：德克尔快速做出决定要救自己的孩子。不定冠词a后接名词，动词decide的名词形式是decision。 6．句意：妈妈，没有你我活不下去。孩子害怕失去母亲，此处需要表达“没有”，因此用with的反义词without。 7．句意：但不幸的是，德克尔失去了她的双腿。失去双腿是不幸的事，此处需要形容词作表语，lucky的反义词unlucky符合语境。 8．句意：我害怕会发生更可怕的事，所以我用手机拍了视频把这件事告诉我的丈夫。前后句是因果关系，前因后果，因此用so连接。 9．句意：我想要这些孩子能有一个妈妈。固定搭配want sb to do sth意为“想要某人做某事”。 10．句意：他跑去求助并且报了警。“ran for help”和“called the police”是两个并列的动作，因此用and连接。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $