Unit 1 A new start（重难词汇精练）英语外研版必修第一册

**基本信息** 聚焦“新起点”单元核心词汇，构建“基础积累-语境应用”递进训练体系，强化语言能力与学习能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词汇基础练|6类题型（含59词表、29词性转换等）|侧重词汇记忆与基础应用，覆盖单词拼写、语法填空等基础题型|从单词本义到词性转换、短语搭配，构建词汇知识网络| |词汇语境练|3类语篇题型（语法填空、阅读、完形）|通过语篇综合考查词汇运用，强调在情境中理解与表达|从孤立词汇到语篇应用，实现语言能力从输入到输出的转化|

Unit 1 A new start重难词汇精练 01 词汇基础练 1 一、重点单词 1 二、词性转换 3 三、核心短语 4 四、单词拼写 4 五、完成句子 8 六、单句语法填空 9 02 词汇语境练 11 一、语法填空 11 二、阅读理解 12 三、完形填空 14 一、重点单词 1 senior adj.（地位、水平或级别）高的，高级的 2 curious adj.好奇的 3 impression n.印象，感想 4 campus n.校园 5 tradition n.传统 6 facility n.设施 7 moment n.某一时刻 8 author n.作者，作家 9 eagerness n.热切，渴望 10 explore v.考察，探险 11 engine n.发动机，引擎 12 insect n.昆虫 13 organise v.组织 14 breathe v.呼吸 15 challenge n.挑战 16 pressure n.压力 17 calm adj.镇静的，沉着的 18 description n.描述，叙述，形容 19 confident adj.有信心的，自信的 20 poster n.海报 21 badminton n.羽毛球 22 band n.乐队，乐团 23 gym n.体育馆，健身房 24 piano n.钢琴 25 stage n.舞台 26 pm 下午 27 argue v.争论，争辩 28 topic n.话题，论题 29 sharp adj.敏锐的聪明的 30 dinosaur n.恐龙 31 dolphin n.海豚 32 intelligent adj.有智慧的聪明的 33 various adj.各种各样的 34 volunteer n.志愿者 35 apply v.申请 36 schedule n.日程表 37 award n.奖，奖赏 38 opportunity n.机会时机 39 view v.观看 40 former adj.从前的 41 graduate v.毕业 42 frightened adj.害怕的受惊的 43 sight n.看见看到 44 figure v.认为 以为 45 select v.挑选，选择 46 particular n.细节 47 neat adj.好的，令人愉快的 48 specific adj.具体的，特定的 49 refer v.参考，查阅 50 journal n.日记 51 junior adj.低年级的 52 struggle v.奋斗，拼搏 53 memorise v.记住，熟记 54 forward adv.向前 55 committee n.委员会 56 improve v.改善，改进 57 rate v.评价，对...评估 58 performance n.表现 59 exchange v.交流 二、词性转换 1．curious adj.好奇的→curiously adv.好奇地→curiosity n．好奇心；求知欲 2．impression n．印象，感想→impress vt.给……留下深刻印象→impressive adj.令人钦佩的，给人深刻印象的 3．tradition n．传统；风俗→traditional adj.传统的 4．eagerness n．热切，渴望→eager adj.渴望的；渴求的→eagerly adv.热切地；渴望地 5．explore v．考察，探险→exploration n．探险；探索；探测 6．collection n．(一批)收藏品→collect vt.收集；收藏 7．organise v．组织→organiser n．组织者→organisation n．组织→organised adj.有组织的；有条理的；有秩序的 8．breathe v．呼吸→breath n．呼吸 9．challenge n．挑战 vt.向……挑战→challenging adj.挑战性的 10．pressure n．压力→press v．按；压 11．calm adj.镇静的，沉着的→calmly adv.镇静地，沉着地 12．description n．描述，描写，叙述，形容→describe v．描述；描绘 13．confident adj.有信心的，自信的→confidence n．信心；自信 14．photography n．摄影→photograph/photo n．照片 vt.给……照相 15．argue v．争论，争辩→argument n．争论，争辩 16．sharp adj.锐利的；锋利的；敏捷的→sharpen v．削尖；磨快；使尖锐；变锋利→sharply adv.急剧地；鲜明地；严厉地 17．intelligent adj.有智慧的，聪明的→intelligence n．智慧 18．investigate vt.& vi.调查→investigation n．调查 19．various adj.各种各样的，各种不同的→variety n．多样性，种类→vary v．变化；使多样化 20．volunteer n．志愿者 v．自愿做→voluntary adj.自愿的；志愿的；无偿的 21．apply v．申请→application n．申请→applicant n．申请者 22．graduate v．毕业→graduation n．毕业 23．frightened adj.受惊的；受恐吓的→frighten vt.使惊吓；吓唬→frightening adj.令人恐惧的 24．select v．挑选，选择→selection n．挑选，选择；选拔 25．particular adj.特定的，特指的→particularly adv.特别，尤其 26．memorise v．记住，熟记→memory n．记忆 27．improve v．改善，改进→improvement n．改善，改进 28．performance n．(工作或活动中的)表现→perform v．表现；表演→performer n．表演者 29．refer v．提到，谈到→reference n．提到，谈到；参考 三、核心短语 1 senior high 高中 2 one by one 依次地，一个接一个地 3 butterflies in one's stomach 情绪紧张，心里发慌 4 in panic 惊慌地 5 Orientation Day 迎新日 6 go all out 全力以赴 7 in particular 尤其 特别 8 refer to 查阅，参考 9 look forward to 期待，盼望 四、单词拼写 1．As we get older, we come to realize that life is filled with many ______________  (挑战). 【答案】challenges 【解析】句意：随着年龄的增长，我们逐渐意识到生活中充满了挑战。many修饰可数名词复数，故答案为challenges。 2．What is especially ____________(令人印象深刻) and inspiring is the strong presence of young people in this volunteer effort. 【答案】impressive 【解析】impressive 考查形容词。句意：尤其令人印象深刻和鼓舞人心的是，在这一志愿活动中，年轻人的存在。故填impressive(令人印象深刻)。 3．Many _____ (奖) will be given to the winners in the coming music ceremony. 【答案】awards 【解析】句意：许多奖将在即将到来的音乐典礼上颁给获奖者。表示“奖”应用award，前面有Many修饰，用名词复数awards，作主语。 4．They still follow the ___________(传统) of their fathers. 【答案】tradition 【解析】考查名词。句意：他们仍然遵循他们父亲的传统。根据上文the可知应填名词tradition。 5．Many __________ (志愿者) are helping to plant trees in the local park. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】volunteers 【解析】句意：许多志愿者正在当地公园帮忙植树。根据汉语提示“志愿者”可知，空处需要名词volunteer，作主语，根据空前的Many可知，此处需用名词复数形式。 6．George’s calmness and wisdom made a very good ________ (印象) on us, so we chose him as our group leader. 【答案】impression 【解析】句意：乔治的冷静和智慧给我们留下了很好的印象，我们选他为组长。根据提示的汉语，表示“印象”为impression，leave a good impression on sb表示“给某人留下好印象”。 7．My cousin gave me a detailed ________ (描述) of what he had heard and seen when he came back from the sightseeing trip. 【答案】description 【解析】考查名词。句意：观光旅游回来时，我表哥把他一路上的所见所闻详细描述给我听。a description of表示“描述”，故填description。 8．After rounds of interviews, three outstanding graduates ________ (挑选) to join the research team last month. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】were selected 【解析】句意：经过多轮面试，上个月三名优秀毕业生被选拔加入研究团队。 时间状语last month 为过去时间，用一般过去时； graduates(毕业生)和 “挑选” 是被动关系，要用被动语态； select表示“挑选”，主语 three outstanding graduates为复数，be动词应用were。 9．The ________ (争论) over the use of the playground lasted for an hour. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】debate 【解析】句意：关于操场使用的争论持续了一个小时。根据汉语提示“争论”，且前面有定冠词The，可知填名词debate，作主语。 10．The birth of a second child will put amounts of_____(压力) on the young couple to make ends meet. 【答案】pressure 【解析】考查名词。句意：年轻夫妇家二胎的诞生会对家庭的收支带来很大的压力。介词后用名词，因此填pressure。 11．The plants in our country are many and ________(各种各样的)． 【答案】various 【解析】句意：植物在我们的国家很多并且各种各样。此处用形容词作表语，结合所给汉语可知答案为various。 12．After ____________ (毕业) from TsingHua University, he went abroad for further study. 【答案】graduating 【解析】句意：从清华大学毕业后，他出国深造。根据汉语提示可知是动词graduate，在介词后用动名词作宾语。 13．I felt very ________ (好奇的), so I put my head round the door. 【答案】curious 【解析】考查形容词。句意：我感觉非常好奇，于是我把耳朵贴在门上。“好奇的”为形容词curious，在句中和系动词feel构成系表结构，描述主语的情况。故填curious。 14．My teacher offered me an_______ (机会) to learn English last year. 【答案】opportunity 【解析】句意：去年我的老师给我提供了一个学习英语的机会。根据中文提示“机会”和空格前的不定冠词an，不定冠词an用于元音音素开头的单词前，应用名词单数opportunity作宾语。 15．She is a journalist with an extremely ___________（敏锐的）mind. 【答案】sharp 【解析】考查形容词。句意：她是个头脑极其敏锐的记者。空格后是名词，所以这里用形容词修饰名词。敏锐的，sharp/keen。据提示可填sharp。 16．Several school ________ (委员会) are responsible for organizing different events like the sports day and the art festival every year. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】committees 【解析】句意：几个学校委员会每年负责组织运动会、艺术节等各类活动。结合汉语提示“委员会”为名词committee，several后接可数名词复数形式，committee的复数形式是committees。 17．The __________ (引擎) of the old bus made a strange noise, indicating that it needed immediate repair. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】engine 【解析】句意：这辆旧公交车的引擎发出奇怪的声音，表明它需要立即维修。根据汉语提示“引擎”可知，此处应用名词engine，表示“发动机，引擎”在句中作主语，此处特指这辆旧公交车的引擎，应用单数形式。 18．The boys are happily playing their instruments on the ________ (舞台). （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】stage 【解析】句意：男孩们正在舞台上开心地演奏他们的乐器。“舞台”是stage，由定冠词the可知，空格处需要填入一个名词作介词on的宾语，on the stage为固定搭配，意为“在舞台上”。 19．When you meet new words, you can ________ (查阅) to your dictionary. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】refer 【解析】句意：当你遇到生词时，你可以查阅词典。根据汉语提示“查阅”可知，此处为动词短语refer to，位于情态动词can后面，使用动词原形。 20．Fish can’t ________ (呼吸) without water. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】breathe 【解析】句意：鱼离开水就不能呼吸。“呼吸”英文为breathe，情态动词can’t后接动词原形。 21．Let me introduce Max, an ________ (交换) student from the UK, to you. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】exchange 【解析】句意：我来给大家介绍来自英国的交换生麦克斯。根据汉语提示“交换”可知，此处为名词exchange，作定语，修饰名词student。 22．________ (羽毛球) is a common sport in Asian countries and is played both indoors and outdoors. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】Badminton 【解析】句意：羽毛球在亚洲国家是一项常见的运动，在室内和室外都可以打。根据汉语提示可知，badminton意为“羽毛球”，在句中作主语，且位于句首，首字母需大写。 23．The child looked at the gift with ________(渴望) in his eyes. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】eagerness 【解析】考查名词。句意：孩子眼中满是渴望地注视着这份礼物。根据汉语提示可知用名词eagerness，作介词的宾语，不可数。故填eagerness。 24．She plans to ______ (申请) for a scholarship next semester. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】apply 【解析】考查动词。句意：她计划下学期申请奖学金。“申请”用动词apply，且plan to do sth.是固定搭配，所以用原形式，构成不定式，作宾语。故填apply。 25．It’s important to ________ (组织) your time well before exams. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】organize / organise 【解析】考查动词。句意：在考试前合理安排好自己的时间是非常重要的。根据汉语提示和空格前的不定式符号to可知，空格处应该用动词原形organize / organise。故填organize / organise。 五、完成句子 26．他在诚实与恐惧之间挣扎，卡尔深吸一口气向前走去。 ________________________________________________, Karl took a deep breath and stepped forward. 【答案】Struggling between honesty and fear 【解析】根据句意，空格处作句子状语，表示“挣扎”为动词struggle，逻辑主语Karl与动词struggle为主动关系，使用现在分词形式struggling，位于句首，首字母需大写；表示“在……之间”为固定搭配between...and...，表示“诚实”为honesty，表示“恐惧”为fear，使用“between...and...”连接。 27．为了成功，你必须愿意面对挑战而不是回避它们。 To succeed, you must be willing to ________________________  instead of avoiding them. 【答案】face challenges 【解析】根据汉语提示可知，空处需要补全“面对挑战”，face意为“面对”，challenge意为“挑战”，此处用复数形式表示泛指；be willing to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“愿意做某事”，所以此处需填动词原形。 28．________________________________________________________________ (尽管前路充满挑战), we will never give up our dreams and hopes. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】Although/ Though / Even though the future is full of /is filled with challenges 【解析】句意：尽管前路充满挑战，但是我们永远不会放弃梦想与希望。“尽管”表达为从属连词 Although/ Though / Even though，引导让步状语从句；从句主语“前路”译为 the future，从句阐述当前客观状态，应用一般现在时，主语 the future 为第三人称单数，故从句谓语“充满”表达为短语 is full of或 is filled with，“挑战”译为challenges，作宾语。 29．I find it an excellent way to ________ ________ (交流想法) and share thoughts. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 exchange ideas 【解析】句意：我发现这是交流想法、交换观点的绝佳方式。根据汉语提示“交流想法”可知，空处应用exchange ideas，固定搭配a way to do sth.意为“做某事的方法”，to是不定式符号，后接动词原形。 30．The judge decided ________________________ (奖励) the winner a gold medal today. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】to award 【解析】句意：裁判今天决定授予获胜者一枚金牌。“决定做某事”用decide to do结构表示，空处应填入不定式；表示“奖励”，可用动词award，空处填to award，作动词decided的宾语。 31．The experienced lecturer delivered a wonderful speech without ________ ________ his notes in front of hundreds of audience. 这位经验丰富的讲师面对数百名听众，脱稿完成了一场精彩的演讲。 【答案】 referring to 【解析】“脱稿”即“没有参考笔记”，“参考，查阅”用动词短语refer to表示，介词without后用动名词referring to作宾语。 32．After-school activities also play a part when students ________ to college. 学生申请大学时，课外活动也起一定的作用。 【答案】apply 【解析】表示“申请”应用动词apply，when引导的时间状语从句使用一般现在时表将来，主语为复数名词，谓语动词用原形。 33．In high school, I became ________ about the computer, and built my first website. 在高中的时候，我变得对电脑很好奇，建立了我的第一个网站。 【答案】curious 【解析】表示“变得对……好奇”需用固定搭配become curious about，空处需填形容词curious。 34．It was a good concert — I enjoyed the last song ______ ______ (尤其) and I even attempted to sing along. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 in particular 【解析】句意：这是一场很棒的音乐会——我尤其喜欢最后一首歌，我甚至尝试跟着一起唱。根据汉语提示“尤其”可知，本空用介词短语in particular。 35．我知道自己写得很好，并期待着得到老师积极的评价。 I knew I had done a good job and was _____________________________________________________________. 【答案】looking forward to getting/receiving a positive comment 【解析】考查时态，动名词和固定短语。“期待”为谓语，应用动词短语look forward to，根据句意可知应用过去进行时，前面已经有was，所以look用现在分词looking，“得到积极的评价”表达为get/receive a positive comment，接在介词to后，应用动名词作宾语，故填looking forward to getting/receiving a positive comment。 六、单句语法填空 36．After graduation from Tsinghua University, many (graduate) are employed in the electronics and computing industries. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】graduates 【解析】句意：许多清华大学毕业生毕业后任职于电子与计算机行业。根据空前many可知，此处应填可数名词的复数形式graduates，表示“毕业生”，在句中作主语。 37．Literature has significant qualities, the first of which is its ​ (describe) of truth and beauty. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】description 【解析】句意：文学拥有诸多重要特质，其中第一点是它对真与美的描绘。 形容词性物主代词its后需要接名词，describe对应的名词形式为description，意为“描绘、描述”。 38．The student (select) from our class to take part in the national competition is hard-working. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】selected 【解析】句意：我们班被选拔出来参加全国竞赛的这名学生学习很刻苦。空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，the student和select为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式selected。 39．Looking at the (frighten) expression on his face, I could tell he must have experienced something abnormal. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】frightened 【解析】句意：看着他脸上惊恐的神情，我能判断出他肯定经历了什么不同寻常的事。此处在句中作定语，表示“人”害怕，而发出的表情，用frightened作定语。 40．Most students are looking forward to (take) part in colorful after-school activities. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】taking 【解析】句意：大多数学生期待参加丰富多彩的课外活动。look forward to是固定短语，意为“期待”，此处to是介词，后接动名词taking，作宾语。 41．I will spare no effort to improve my academic (perform). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】performance 【解析】句意：我将不遗余力地提高我的学业成绩。academic是形容词，修饰名词，此处表达“表现”，名词是performance，是不可数名词。 42．The huge natural landscape, which is extremely (impress), has become a hot scenic spot across the country. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】impressive 【解析】句意：这片壮阔的自然风光令人震撼，现已成为全国热门景点。空前副词extremely修饰形容词，作表语；impress（v. 使印象深刻）其形容词为impressive“令人印象深刻的”。 43．Artists use (vary) techniques to express their creativity and convey their messages in their works. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】various 【解析】句意：艺术家们运用各种各样的技巧来表达他们的创造力，并在作品中传达他们的信息。空处需填形容词作定语，修饰名词techniques，vary为动词，意为“变化、不同”，其形容词形式为various表示“各种各样的、多样的”。 44．Her eyes shone with (eager) when she talked about her dream university. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】eagerness 【解析】句意：当她谈到自己梦想中的大学时，眼睛里闪烁着渴望的光芒。提示词作介词with后宾语，用名词eagerness，意为“渴望”，不可数名词。 45．Two thirds of the students (award) scholarships for their outstanding academic performance until now. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】have been awarded 【解析】句意：到目前为止，三分之二的学生因其出色的学业表现而被授予了奖学金。根据时间状语until now可知，用现在完成时。主语Two thirds of the students与award为被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，且主语为Two thirds of the students，谓语用现在完成时的被动语态have been awarded。 一、语法填空 阅读下面材料，在空格处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号中单词的正确形式。 My first week at senior high school was both exciting and challenging. I remember the day when I walked into the classroom, feeling a little nervous. 46 (fortunate), my new classmates were very friendly, and the teacher made us feel at home. On the first day, we 47 (ask) to introduce ourselves. When it was my turn, I stood up and spoke 48 (confident) about my hobbies, including playing basketball and reading science fiction. One of the most impressive 49 (moment) was the school’s sports festival. I signed up for the 100-meter race, though I 50 (not practice) for a long time. To my surprise, I made 51 to the final and won the third place. My teacher said, “There is no doubt 52 you have great potential in sports.” Those words encouraged me a lot. Looking back, I realize that the key 53 success is to keep trying and never give up. 54 you believe in yourself, you can achieve almost anything. High school life is full of opportunities, and I can’t wait 55 (explore) more in the coming years. 【答案】 46．Fortunately 47．were asked 48．confidently 49．moments 50．hadn’t practiced 51．it 52．that 53．to 54．If/When 55．to explore 【导语】本文讲述了作者高中第一周的学习与生活经历。 【解析】46．考查副词。句意：幸运的是，我的新同学都很友好，老师让我们感觉像在家一样。此处修饰整个句子，应用副词形式，fortunate的副词形式为fortunately，意为“幸运地”，且位于句首首字母大写。 47．考查时态和语态。句意：第一天，我们被要求做自我介绍。主语we与ask之间为被动关系，且事情发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为we，be动词用were。 48．考查副词。句意：轮到我时，我站起来自信地谈论我的爱好，包括打篮球和阅读科幻小说。此处修饰动词spoke，应用副词形式，confident的副词形式为confidently，意为“自信地”。 49．考查名词。句意：最令人印象深刻的时刻之一是学校的体育节。“one of + 可数名词复数”是固定结构，表示“……之一”。 50．考查时态。句意：我报名参加了100米赛跑，尽管我已经很久没有练习了。not practice发生在signed up之前，表示“过去的过去”，用过去完成时。 51．考查代词。句意：令我惊讶的是，我成功进入了决赛并获得了第三名。make it为固定短语，意为“成功”。 52．考查同位语从句。句意：老师说：“毫无疑问你很有运动潜力。” There is no doubt that... 为固定句型，表示“毫无疑问……”，that引导同位语从句，不可省略。 53．考查介词。句意：回顾过去，我意识到成功的关键是不断尝试，永不放弃。key to... 是固定短语，意为“……的关键”，to为介词，其后接名词或动名词。 54．考查连词。句意：如果(当)你相信自己，你几乎可以成就任何事情。根据句意，可用if引导条件状语从句，也可用when引导时间状语从句，且位于句首首字母大写。 55．考查非谓语动词。句意：高中生活充满机会，我迫不及待地想在接下来的几年探索更多。can’t wait to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“迫不及待做某事”。 二、阅读理解 Two students on a stage held opposite ends of a long board, while at the center of the board, two others cut onions as quickly as they could, with one boy’s skillful knife work earning him a warm round of applause. Soon, these four students, as well as many others sitting in rows near the stage, were reaching for tissues to wipe away tears. “My students, why do they tear up when cutting onions? Do you know what this common phenomenon is called?” After the lively demonstration, Hu Yongxiang, a physics teacher at Third Middle School of Hongsibu district, in Wuzhong, Ningxia Hui autonomous region, introduced the concept of thermal motion, which was the key focus of the day’s lesson. Hu’s classes are known for transforming abstract physics concepts into attractive experiments and interesting games, helping to cultivate his students with great enthusiasm for learning physics. “His classes are fun and lively. These experiments are impressed on our minds — so we don’t just memorize, but learn to apply principles,” said Wang Tao, one of Hu’s students. Beyond the classroom, Hu has also brought his interesting experiments to online platforms. He has created many short videos of his physics experiments, which have gained millions of views. “I hope my experiments can inspire more students to love science,” Hu said. He has also designed a series of creative teaching tools, such as a pegboard for showing force and pressure, and a stainless steel roller coaster to explain energy exchange. “I want to make physics visible and tangible for my students,” he added. Hu’s innovative teaching methods have not only improved students’ academic performance but also stirred up their curiosity and creativity. Many of his students have developed a strong interest in science and have taken an active part in various science competitions. 56．Why does the author describe the onion-cutting scene at the beginning? A．To introduce the topic vividly. B．To show a classroom experiment. C．To fully highlight students’ skills. D．To explain a physical phenomenon. 57．What can be inferred from Wang Tao’s words? A．He finds physics easy to learn. B．He is a top student in physics. C．He likes taking Hu’s online class. D．He gets inspired from the class. 58．What is special about Hu Yongxiang’s teaching method? A．He uses online platforms. B．He makes theories observable. C．He focuses on exam scores. D．He asks students to memorize. 59．Which of the following best describes Hu Yongxiang as a teacher? A．Strict and ambitious. B．Experienced and traditional. C．Creative and inspiring. D．Patient and entertaining. 【答案】56．A 57．D 58．B 59．C 【导语】文章主要介绍了宁夏物理教师虎永祥通过趣味实验、创意教具与线上短视频，将抽象物理知识直观化，激发学生科学兴趣、培养创新思维的创新教学事迹。 56．推理判断题。根据原文第一段“Two students on a stage held opposite ends of a long board, while at the center of the board, two others cut onions as quickly as they could, with one boy’s skillful knife work earning him a warm round of applause.(舞台上，两名学生分别握住一块长木板的两端，另外两名学生在木板中央快速切洋葱。其中一名男生刀法娴熟，赢得了热烈的掌声。)”及第二段“After the lively demonstration, Hu Yongxiang, a physics teacher at Third Middle School of Hongsibu district, in Wuzhong, Ningxia Hui autonomous region, introduced the concept of thermal motion, which was the key focus of the day’s lesson.(这场生动的示范演示结束后，宁夏回族自治区吴忠市红寺堡区第三中学的物理教师胡永祥，讲解了热运动的概念，这也是当日课堂的核心重点。)” 可知，文章开篇描写切洋葱的场景，是为生动引出课堂主题。 57．推理判断题。根据原文第三段““His classes are fun and lively. These experiments are impressed on our minds — so we don’t just memorize, but learn to apply principles,” said Wang Tao, one of Hu’s students.(“虎老师的课堂生动有趣。这些实验令我们印象深刻，因此我们不再只是死记硬背，而是学会运用原理，” 胡老师的学生王涛说道。)” 可知，王涛从虎老师的课堂中深受启发、学有所获。 58．细节理解题。根据原文倒数第二段““I want to make physics visible and tangible for my students,” he added.(他补充道：“我想让学生看得见、摸得着物理知识。”)” 可知，虎永祥教学的特别之处在于把抽象理论变得可观察、可感知。 59．推理判断题。根据原文最后一段“Hu’s innovative teaching methods have not only improved students’ academic performance but also stirred up their curiosity and creativity.(虎永祥创新的教学方法不仅提升了学生的成绩，还激发了他们的好奇心与创造力。)” 以及第四段““I hope my experiments can inspire more students to love science,” Hu said. (虎老师说：“我希望我的实验能启发更多学生热爱科学。”)” 可知，虎永祥是一位富有创造力且善于启发学生的老师。 三、完形填空 Afraid to have a start, I was walking slowly into my first school in America. I had 60 a long way from India in order to join my parents. My father 61 that I would go to school here, so I entered a local high school in my new town. With anxieties and 62 , I arrived at the classroom. Everyone’s 63 were on me as I entered the classroom. I went straight to the 64 and asked him if I was in the right class. With a soft voice, he answered, “Yes”. His voice 65 me a little. Then he asked me to choose where I would 66 . I chose the seat closest to the door. I spent the rest of the class taking notes from the 67 produced by the overhead projector (投影仪). Since it was my first day, I was 68 about which hallway to use, but I managed to get to my next class without 69 anyone. I wasn’t quite sure when I would have lunch. It was noon when I went to the classroom and the 70 rang as I entered. I went through the same process of asking the teacher if I was in the 71 class. Feeling surprised, she said, “That is the lunch bell.” I felt a little 72 . Without another word, I headed for the cafeteria. I realized that all the confusion on my first day was like the difficulty I had to 73 to reach my goal. When I got on my bus and sat down inside 74 , I said to myself, “Today isn’t so bad.” 60．A．designed B．found C．missed D．traveled 61．A．decided B．warned C．imagined D．forgot 62．A．anger B．fear C．impression D．debate 63．A．topics B．adventures C．eyes D．lectures 64．A．pilot B．editor C．teacher D．volunteer 65．A．relaxed B．showed C．annoyed D．challenged 66．A．listen B．sit C．focus D．register 67．A．answers B．pictures C．literature D．flash 68．A．excited B．sad C．confident D．confused 69．A．scheduling B．refusing C．asking D．interviewing 70．A．drum B．bell C．alarm D．phone 71．A．right B．different C．same D．difficult 72．A．funny B．anxious C．lonely D．awkward 73．A．put away B．give up C．get through D．show off 74．A．suddenly B．happily C．differently D．unluckily 【答案】 60．D 61．A 62．B 63．C 64．C 65．A 66．B 67．B 68．D 69．C 70．B 71．A 72．D 73．C 74．B 【导语】文章讲述了作者从印度来到美国后，第一天在学校的经历，包括进入教室、找座位、上课以及对时间和地点的困惑等。 【解析】60．考查动词。句意：为了和父母团聚，我从印度远道而来。A. designed设计；B. found找到；C. missed错过；D. traveled长途行走，旅行。根据下文“a long way from India”和“to join my parents”可知，作者从印度到美国与父母团聚，是长途旅行。 61．考查动词。句意：父亲决定让我在此地就读，于是我进入了新城镇的一所本地高中。A. decided决定；B. warned警告；C. imagined想象；D. forgot忘记。根据上文“I would go to school here”和下文“a local high school”可知，父亲决定让作者在当地上学。 62．考查名词。句意：带着焦虑和恐惧，我来到了教室。A. anger愤怒；B. fear恐惧；C. impression印象；D. debate辩论。根据下文“and fear”和“Everyone’s were on me as I entered the classroom.”可推知，作者来到一个新环境，内心充满焦虑和恐惧。 63．考查名词。句意：当我走进教室时，所有人的目光都聚焦在我身上。A. topics主题；B. adventures冒险；C. eyes眼睛；D. lectures演讲。根据后文“were on me as I entered the classroom”可知，新生进入教室会受到众人注视，故选C。 64．考查形容词。句意：我径直去找那位老师，问他我是否在正确的班级里。A. pilot飞行员；B. editor编辑；C. teacher老师；D. volunteer志愿者。根据后文“and asked him if I was in the right class”可知，在教室询问班级相关问题理应找老师。 65．考查动词。句意：他的声音让我稍稍放松了一些。A. relaxed使放松；B. showed展示；C. annoyed使恼怒；D. challenged挑战。根据上文“With a soft voice, he answered, “Yes”.”可知，轻柔的话语能够舒缓内心的紧张不安。 66．考查动词。句意：随后他让我挑选自己要坐的位置。A. listen倾听；B. sit落座；C. focus专注；D. register登记。后文“I chose the seat closest to the door.”提及挑选座位，可知是选择坐下的地方。 67．考查名词。句意：课堂余下的时间里，我抄写着投影仪投射出来的画面内容。A. answers答案；B. pictures画面；C. literature文献；D. flash闪光。根据后文“produced by the overhead projector”可知，课堂投影仪通常投放图文画面供学生学习记录。 68．考查形容词。句意：因为这是我的第一天，我搞不清楚该走哪条走廊，但我还是没有向任何人询问就顺利地赶到了下一节课的教室。A. excited兴奋的；B. sad难过的；C. confident自信的；D. confused困惑的。根据上文“Since it was my first day”可知，初到陌生校园不熟悉路线自然会感到迷茫。 69．考查动词。句意：因为这是我的第一天，我搞不清楚该走哪条走廊，但我还是没有向任何人询问就顺利地赶到了下一节课的教室。A. scheduling安排；B. refusing拒绝；C. asking询问；D. interviewing采访。根据上文“I managed to get to my next class without”可知，作者独自摸索路线，没有向他人求助问路。 70．考查名词。句意：我走进教室的时候，已经是中午了，铃声响了起来。A. drum鼓声；B. bell铃声；C. alarm警报；D. phone电话。根据后文“rang as I entered”可知，校园里上下课以及就餐响起的都是铃声。 71．考查形容词。句意：我像之前一样询问老师自己是否进对了班级。A. right正确的；B. different不同的；C. same相同的；D. difficult困难的。此处呼应前文“asked him if I was in the right class”确认班级是否正确的行为。 72．考查形容词。句意：我感到有点尴尬。A. funny有趣的；B. anxious焦虑的；C. lonely孤独的；D. awkward尴尬的。根据前文“That is the lunch bell.”可知，作者把午饭铃声当成了上课铃声，所以感到尴尬。 73．考查动词短语。句意：我意识到我第一天所有的困惑就像我为了达到目标必须克服的困难一样。A. put away放好；B. give up放弃；C. get through克服 D. show off炫耀。根据上文“the difficulty”和下文“to reach my goal”可知，克服困难才能实现目标。 74．考查副词。句意：当我坐上校车，满心欢喜地落座时，我对自己说：“今天还不错。”A. suddenly突然；B. happily高兴地；C. differently不同地；D. unluckily不幸地。根据下文“Today isn’t so bad.”可知，作者心情不错，内心是高兴的。 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 A new start重难词汇精练 01 词汇基础练 1 一、重点单词 1 二、词性转换 3 三、核心短语 4 四、单词拼写 4 五、完成句子 5 六、单句语法填空 6 02 词汇语境练 7 一、语法填空 7 二、阅读理解 7 三、完形填空 8 一、重点单词 1 adj.（地位、水平或级别）高的，高级的 2 adj.好奇的 3 n.印象，感想 4 n.校园 5 n.传统 6 n.设施 7 n.某一时刻 8 n.作者，作家 9 n.热切，渴望 10 v.考察，探险 11 n.发动机，引擎 12 n.昆虫 13 v.组织 14 v.呼吸 15 n.挑战 16 n.压力 17 adj.镇静的，沉着的 18 n.描述，叙述，形容 19 adj.有信心的，自信的 20 n.海报 21 n.羽毛球 22 n.乐队，乐团 23 n.体育馆，健身房 24 n.钢琴 25 n.舞台 26 下午 27 v.争论，争辩 28 n.话题，论题 29 adj.敏锐的聪明的 30 n.恐龙 31 n.海豚 32 adj.有智慧的聪明的 33 adj.各种各样的 34 n.志愿者 35 v.申请 36 n.日程表 37 n.奖，奖赏 38 n.机会时机 39 v.观看 40 adj.从前的 41 v.毕业 42 adj.害怕的受惊的 43 n.看见看到 44 v.认为 以为 45 v.挑选，选择 46 n.细节 47 adj.好的，令人愉快的 48 adj.具体的，特定的 49 v.参考，查阅 50 n.日记 51 adj.低年级的 52 v.奋斗，拼搏 53 v.记住，熟记 54 adv.向前 55 n.委员会 56 v.改善，改进 57 v.评价，对...评估 58 n.表现 59 v.交流 二、词性转换 1．curious adj.好奇的→ adv.好奇地→ n．好奇心；求知欲 2．impression n．印象，感想→ vt.给……留下深刻印象→ adj.令人钦佩的，给人深刻印象的 3．tradition n．传统；风俗→ adj.传统的 4．eagerness n．热切，渴望→ adj.渴望的；渴求的→ adv.热切地；渴望地 5．explore v．考察，探险→ n．探险；探索；探测 6．collection n．(一批)收藏品→ vt.收集；收藏 7．organise v．组织→ n．组织者→ n．组织→ adj.有组织的；有条理的；有秩序的 8．breathe v．呼吸→ n．呼吸 9．challenge n．挑战 vt.向……挑战→ adj.挑战性的 10．pressure n．压力→ v．按；压 11．calm adj.镇静的，沉着的→ adv.镇静地，沉着地 12．description n．描述，描写，叙述，形容→ v．描述；描绘 13．confident adj.有信心的，自信的→ n．信心；自信 14．photography n．摄影→ n．照片 vt.给……照相 15．argue v．争论，争辩→ n．争论，争辩 16．sharp adj.锐利的；锋利的；敏捷的→ v．削尖；磨快；使尖锐；变锋利→ adv.急剧地；鲜明地；严厉地 17．intelligent adj.有智慧的，聪明的→ n．智慧 18．investigate vt.& vi.调查→ n．调查 19．various adj.各种各样的，各种不同的→ n．多样性，种类 → v．变化；使多样化 20．volunteer n．志愿者 v．自愿做→ adj.自愿的；志愿的；无偿的 21．apply v．申请→ n．申请→ n．申请者 22．graduate v．毕业→ n．毕业 23．frightened adj.受惊的；受恐吓的→ vt.使惊吓；吓唬→ adj.令人恐惧的 24．select v．挑选，选择→ n．挑选，选择；选拔 25．particular adj.特定的，特指的→ adv.特别，尤其 26．memorise v．记住，熟记→ n．记忆 27．improve v．改善，改进→ n．改善，改进 28．performance n．(工作或活动中的)表现→ v．表现；表演→ n．表演者 29．refer v．提到，谈到→ n．提到，谈到；参考 三、核心短语 1 高中 2 依次地，一个接一个地 3 情绪紧张，心里发慌 4 惊慌地 5 迎新日 6 全力以赴 7 尤其 特别 8 查阅，参考 9 期待，盼望 四、单词拼写 1．As we get older, we come to realize that life is filled with many ______________  (挑战). 2．What is especially ____________(令人印象深刻) and inspiring is the strong presence of young people in this volunteer effort. 3．Many _____ (奖) will be given to the winners in the coming music ceremony. 4．They still follow the ___________(传统) of their fathers. 5．Many __________ (志愿者) are helping to plant trees in the local park. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 6．George’s calmness and wisdom made a very good ________ (印象) on us, so we chose him as our group leader. 7．My cousin gave me a detailed ________ (描述) of what he had heard and seen when he came back from the sightseeing trip. 8．After rounds of interviews, three outstanding graduates ________ (挑选) to join the research team last month. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 9．The ________ (争论) over the use of the playground lasted for an hour. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 10．The birth of a second child will put amounts of_____(压力) on the young couple to make ends meet. 11．The plants in our country are many and ________(各种各样的)． 12．After ____________ (毕业) from TsingHua University, he went abroad for further study. 13．I felt very ________ (好奇的), so I put my head round the door. 14．My teacher offered me an_______ (机会) to learn English last year. 15．She is a journalist with an extremely ___________（敏锐的）mind. 16．Several school ________ (委员会) are responsible for organizing different events like the sports day and the art festival every year. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 17．The __________ (引擎) of the old bus made a strange noise, indicating that it needed immediate repair. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 18．The boys are happily playing their instruments on the ________ (舞台). （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 19．When you meet new words, you can ________ (查阅) to your dictionary. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 20．Fish can’t ________ (呼吸) without water. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 21．Let me introduce Max, an ________ (交换) student from the UK, to you. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 22．________ (羽毛球) is a common sport in Asian countries and is played both indoors and outdoors. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 23．The child looked at the gift with ________(渴望) in his eyes. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 24．She plans to ______ (申请) for a scholarship next semester. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 25．It’s important to ________ (组织) your time well before exams. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 五、完成句子 26．他在诚实与恐惧之间挣扎，卡尔深吸一口气向前走去。 ________________________________________________, Karl took a deep breath and stepped forward. 27．为了成功，你必须愿意面对挑战而不是回避它们。 To succeed, you must be willing to ________________________  instead of avoiding them. 28．________________________________________________________________ (尽管前路充满挑战), we will never give up our dreams and hopes. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 29．I find it an excellent way to ________ ________ (交流想法) and share thoughts. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 30．The judge decided ________________________ (奖励) the winner a gold medal today. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 31．The experienced lecturer delivered a wonderful speech without ________ ________ his notes in front of hundreds of audience. 这位经验丰富的讲师面对数百名听众，脱稿完成了一场精彩的演讲。 32．After-school activities also play a part when students ________ to college. 学生申请大学时，课外活动也起一定的作用。 33．In high school, I became ________ about the computer, and built my first website. 在高中的时候，我变得对电脑很好奇，建立了我的第一个网站。 34．It was a good concert — I enjoyed the last song ______ ______ (尤其) and I even attempted to sing along. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 35．我知道自己写得很好，并期待着得到老师积极的评价。 I knew I had done a good job and was _____________________________________________________________. 六、单句语法填空 36．After graduation from Tsinghua University, many (graduate) are employed in the electronics and computing industries. (所给词的适当形式填空) 37．Literature has significant qualities, the first of which is its ​ (describe) of truth and beauty. (所给词的适当形式填空) 38．The student (select) from our class to take part in the national competition is hard-working. (所给词的适当形式填空) 39．Looking at the (frighten) expression on his face, I could tell he must have experienced something abnormal. (所给词的适当形式填空) 40．Most students are looking forward to (take) part in colorful after-school activities. (所给词的适当形式填空) 41．I will spare no effort to improve my academic (perform). (所给词的适当形式填空) 42．The huge natural landscape, which is extremely (impress), has become a hot scenic spot across the country. (所给词的适当形式填空) 43．Artists use (vary) techniques to express their creativity and convey their messages in their works. （所给词的适当形式填空） 44．Her eyes shone with (eager) when she talked about her dream university. (所给词的适当形式填空) 45．Two thirds of the students (award) scholarships for their outstanding academic performance until now. (所给词的适当形式填空) 一、语法填空 阅读下面材料，在空格处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号中单词的正确形式。 My first week at senior high school was both exciting and challenging. I remember the day when I walked into the classroom, feeling a little nervous. 46 (fortunate), my new classmates were very friendly, and the teacher made us feel at home. On the first day, we 47 (ask) to introduce ourselves. When it was my turn, I stood up and spoke 48 (confident) about my hobbies, including playing basketball and reading science fiction. One of the most impressive 49 (moment) was the school’s sports festival. I signed up for the 100-meter race, though I 50 (not practice) for a long time. To my surprise, I made 51 to the final and won the third place. My teacher said, “There is no doubt 52 you have great potential in sports.” Those words encouraged me a lot. Looking back, I realize that the key 53 success is to keep trying and never give up. 54 you believe in yourself, you can achieve almost anything. High school life is full of opportunities, and I can’t wait 55 (explore) more in the coming years. 二、阅读理解 Two students on a stage held opposite ends of a long board, while at the center of the board, two others cut onions as quickly as they could, with one boy’s skillful knife work earning him a warm round of applause. Soon, these four students, as well as many others sitting in rows near the stage, were reaching for tissues to wipe away tears. “My students, why do they tear up when cutting onions? Do you know what this common phenomenon is called?” After the lively demonstration, Hu Yongxiang, a physics teacher at Third Middle School of Hongsibu district, in Wuzhong, Ningxia Hui autonomous region, introduced the concept of thermal motion, which was the key focus of the day’s lesson. Hu’s classes are known for transforming abstract physics concepts into attractive experiments and interesting games, helping to cultivate his students with great enthusiasm for learning physics. “His classes are fun and lively. These experiments are impressed on our minds — so we don’t just memorize, but learn to apply principles,” said Wang Tao, one of Hu’s students. Beyond the classroom, Hu has also brought his interesting experiments to online platforms. He has created many short videos of his physics experiments, which have gained millions of views. “I hope my experiments can inspire more students to love science,” Hu said. He has also designed a series of creative teaching tools, such as a pegboard for showing force and pressure, and a stainless steel roller coaster to explain energy exchange. “I want to make physics visible and tangible for my students,” he added. Hu’s innovative teaching methods have not only improved students’ academic performance but also stirred up their curiosity and creativity. Many of his students have developed a strong interest in science and have taken an active part in various science competitions. 56．Why does the author describe the onion-cutting scene at the beginning? A．To introduce the topic vividly. B．To show a classroom experiment. C．To fully highlight students’ skills. D．To explain a physical phenomenon. 57．What can be inferred from Wang Tao’s words? A．He finds physics easy to learn. B．He is a top student in physics. C．He likes taking Hu’s online class. D．He gets inspired from the class. 58．What is special about Hu Yongxiang’s teaching method? A．He uses online platforms. B．He makes theories observable. C．He focuses on exam scores. D．He asks students to memorize. 59．Which of the following best describes Hu Yongxiang as a teacher? A．Strict and ambitious. B．Experienced and traditional. C．Creative and inspiring. D．Patient and entertaining. 三、完形填空 Afraid to have a start, I was walking slowly into my first school in America. I had 60 a long way from India in order to join my parents. My father 61 that I would go to school here, so I entered a local high school in my new town. With anxieties and 62 , I arrived at the classroom. Everyone’s 63 were on me as I entered the classroom. I went straight to the 64 and asked him if I was in the right class. With a soft voice, he answered, “Yes”. His voice 65 me a little. Then he asked me to choose where I would 66 . I chose the seat closest to the door. I spent the rest of the class taking notes from the 67 produced by the overhead projector (投影仪). Since it was my first day, I was 68 about which hallway to use, but I managed to get to my next class without 69 anyone. I wasn’t quite sure when I would have lunch. It was noon when I went to the classroom and the 70 rang as I entered. I went through the same process of asking the teacher if I was in the 71 class. Feeling surprised, she said, “That is the lunch bell.” I felt a little 72 . Without another word, I headed for the cafeteria. I realized that all the confusion on my first day was like the difficulty I had to 73 to reach my goal. When I got on my bus and sat down inside 74 , I said to myself, “Today isn’t so bad.” 60．A．designed B．found C．missed D．traveled 61．A．decided B．warned C．imagined D．forgot 62．A．anger B．fear C．impression D．debate 63．A．topics B．adventures C．eyes D．lectures 64．A．pilot B．editor C．teacher D．volunteer 65．A．relaxed B．showed C．annoyed D．challenged 66．A．listen B．sit C．focus D．register 67．A．answers B．pictures C．literature D．flash 68．A．excited B．sad C．confident D．confused 69．A．scheduling B．refusing C．asking D．interviewing 70．A．drum B．bell C．alarm D．phone 71．A．right B．different C．same D．difficult 72．A．funny B．anxious C．lonely D．awkward 73．A．put away B．give up C．get through D．show off 74．A．suddenly B．happily C．differently D．unluckily 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $