专题05 名词和数词（拔高专练）2027年高考英语一轮复习（全国通用）

**基本信息** 以高考真题为锚点，构建“判定标志-转换规则-易错速记”三维解题体系，系统梳理名词数词核心考点与新情境应用，提升语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |真题感知|12道高考真题|名词判定标志（并列结构/动词宾语等）、转换规则（形-名/动-名等）、易错速记（不可数名词特征）；数词分类（基数/序数/大数词）公式与辨析|“识别-转换-应用”逻辑链，覆盖高频考点| |强化演练|20+基础题|分考点训练（名动形转换/单复数/数词易错），结合新情境（传统文化/环保）|从基础概念到易错点突破，衔接真题方法| |拔高预测|8篇新情境语篇|综合运用三维体系，聚焦跨文化（道教哲学）、科技（航天）等主题|知识迁移与文化意识融合，符合高考命题趋势|

专题05 名词和数词 目 录 真题感知 1 强化演练 3 拔高预测 10 真题感知 一、名词真题 1.（2026·新高考I卷·高考真题）The exact dates and 57 (frequent) of daji vary from region to region. 解题方法 （1）名词判定标志：and前后词性一致，并列名词结构锁定空处为名词； （2）词性转换规则：形容词转换为对应抽象名词，描述事物属性、特征； （3）易错易混速记：frequency表泛指频率时为不可数名词，无复数形式。 2.（2026·新高考I卷·高考真题）In the Han Dynasty, it was difficult for ordinary families to get daily 60 (necessary). 解题方法 （1）名词判定标志：动词后缺宾语，形容词提示需转换为名词； （2）词性转换规则：形容词转换为表具体物品的可数名词； （3）易错易混速记：necessity表“必需品”常用复数necessities，表“必要性”为不可数名词。 3.（2026·新高考II卷·高考真题）Traditional festivals carry rich cultural 62 (mean) and connect people with their history. 解题方法 （1）名词判定标志：形容词修饰名词，形容词后空格必填名词； （2）词性转换规则：动词转换为抽象名词，表内在含义、价值； （3）易错易混速记：cultural meaning为高考高频固定搭配，无复数形式。 4.（2026·新高考II卷·高考真题）The 64 (warm) of human connection makes our life more beautiful. 解题方法 （1）名词判定标志：定冠词The后必须接名词，作句子主语； （2）词性转换规则：形容词去m加th，构成品质类抽象名词； （3）易错易混速记：warmth、length、width等th结尾抽象名词，均为不可数名词。 5.（2026·全国甲卷·高考真题）Reading improves our vocabulary and deepens our intellectual 61 (grow). 解题方法 （1）名词判定标志：形容词修饰名词，并列宾语位置统一使用名词； （2）词性转换规则：动词转换为过程、发展类抽象名词； （3）易错易混速记：growth表抽象成长、发展，无复数变形。 6.（2025·新高考I卷）“Each move should serve a long-term goal. You try to lead the opponent into your trap and force them to follow your 59 (guide) till they lose,” explains Wang Wei, a Go player among the visitors to the exhibition. 解题方法 （1）名词判定标志：空格前为形容词性物主代词(my/your/his/their)，后面必须接名词； （2）词性转换规则：动词转换为对应抽象名词，表抽象动作、状态； （3）易错易混速记：抽象指引类名词guidance为不可数名词，无复数形式，无需变形。 7.（2025·全国甲卷）Her 60 (kind) and patience made her popular among the students. 解题方法 （1）名词判定标志：物主代词后必填名词，并列主语位置统一用名词； （2）词性转换规则：形容词＋ness 构成品质类抽象名词； （3）易错易混速记：kindness、happiness、darkness 均为不可数名词。 8.（2024·新高考II卷）Effective 61 (communicate) is essential in team work. 解题方法 （1）名词判定标志：形容词修饰名词，句子主语位置必须为名词性成分； （2）词性转换规则：动词去e＋ion，构成行为类抽象名词； （3）易错易混速记：表泛指“沟通”时不可数，无复数变形。 9.（2024·全国乙卷）We should respect the 62 (different) between individuals. 解题方法 （1）名词判定标志：定冠词the后接名词，作及物动词宾语； （2）词性转换规则：形容词转换为表“差异、区别”的名词； （3）易错易混速记：表多个事物间的具体差异时，difference为可数名词，需变复数。 10.（2025·全国乙卷）Reading broadens our 63 (know) and shapes our characters. 解题方法 （1）名词判定标志：物主代词our后必须接名词，作动词broaden的宾语； （2）词性转换规则：动词转换为学科、认知类抽象名词； （3）易错易混速记：knowledge为绝对不可数名词，永远不加s。 二、数词真题（2024-2026高考真题） 5.（2026·新高考II卷·高考真题）The country has built more than 300 new libraries in the past (five) years. 解题方法 （1）基数词判定核心：修饰名词、表具体数量、时长、年限，用基数词； （2）固定搭配公式：in the past + 基数词 + 复数名词，表“在过去一段时间”； （3）易错易混速记：表具体数量无需变序数词，不随意变形。 6.（2025·全国II卷·高考真题）This is his (three) time to take part in the national English competition. 解题方法 （1）序数词判定核心：表动作次数、顺序、排位，必须用序数词； （2）固定句型公式：this is one’s + 序数词 + time to do sth. 高考必考句式； （3）易错易混速记：基数词表数量，序数词表顺序，二者不可混用。 7.（2024·新高考I卷·高考真题）About two (hundred) students attended the opening ceremony of the sports meeting. 解题方法 （1）大数词判定核心：hundred/thousand/million两类用法； （2）固定公式：具体数字 + 大数词单数（无s无of）；无数字 + 大数词复数 + of； （3）易错易混速记：有数字不加s，有s必加of，二者不能共存。 强化演练 1、 单句语法填空 考点01 名词与动词、形容词之间的转换 1.（新情境·蒙古族民歌——长调）（2026·湖南·阶段性检测）Each long song is special because singers preform by adding some things that reflect the 41 (free) of the life of Mongolian people. 2.（2026·湖北·荆州中学月考）In my daily life, I take small steps to reduce my plastic 41 (consume). 3.（2025·广东·佛山质检）Reading classic literature helps us gain deep 41 (understand) of traditional culture. 4.（2024·山东·济南期中）The 41 (pure) of the mountain spring water makes it very popular among tourists. 考点02 名词单复数变化与易错辨析 1.（2026·江苏·苏州质检）Traditional Chinese 41 (custom) have been well preserved in this ancient town. 2.（2025·福建·福州月考）We should pay attention to our table 41 (manner) when dining in public. 3.（2024·四川·成都诊断）Various 41 (approach) to solving environmental problems have been put forward. 4.（2025·浙江·杭州期中）People’s living 41 (condition) have been greatly improved in recent years. 考点03 不可数名词与固定搭配易错点 1.（2026·河南·郑州模拟）She showed great 41 (brave) in the face of difficulties. 2.（2025·江西·南昌联考）The 41 (warm) of her smile made me feel at home. 3.（2024·安徽·合肥质检）We should value the 41 (honest) and kindness of ordinary people. 4.（2026·重庆·期中联考）The 41 (deep) of the lake remains unknown to local people. 考点04 数词高频易错专项 1.（2026·河北·石家庄质检）Hundreds of (thousand) of volunteers take part in public welfare activities every year. 2.（2025·湖南·雅礼联考）He began to learn painting in his (twenty). 3.（2024·江苏·南通期中）The city developed rapidly in the (ninety) of the last century. 4.（2026·山东·青岛月考）Five (million) people visited the museum last year. 2、 语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Passage 1 【新情境・互联网 / 消费文创产业】（2025温州第三次适应性考试英语试题卷） Blind boxes have taken the world by storm, catching the imaginations of collectors and new buyers alike. These mystery boxes, containing 1 (hide) items revealed only after purchase, offer a mix of surprise and exclusivity (独家性). From toys to high-end collectibles, 2 blind box trend attracts anyone seeking excitement or wanting to add something unique to their collection. The appeal lies in the excitement of not knowing 3 is inside, combined with the desire to complete a set or find rare items. This concept of discovery keeps collectors 4 (come) back for more and has helped transform the blind box industry into a multibillion-dollar market. For those new 5 the blind box world, starting a collection can be a rewarding experience. Begin by selecting a brand or theme that matches your interests. Many collectors recommend focusing on a specific series, which makes the collection more personal 6 helps prevent unnecessary purchases. Engaging with the community can also enhance your collecting journey. There are countless social media groups where collectors share tips and discuss new 7 (release). Connecting with other collectors 8 (allow) you to trade the same items, find rare pieces, and share in the excitement of each new 9 (add) to your collection. Whether you’re an experienced collector or a newcomer, the world of blind boxes offers 10 (end) possibilities, turning every unboxing into an adventure. Passage 2 【新情境・传统文化 / 中外文化交流】（2026遵义市遵义市高三上学期模拟预测英语试题） Lunyu, or the Analects of Confucius, is 1 fine example of world literature and the publication of the Maltese version of the ancient Chinese book would further enhance cultural exchanges between China and Malta, says Maltese Sinologist and translator of the book Salvatore Giuffre. It is the first time that the book, which is a collection of ideas and sayings from the ancient Chinese philosopher Confucius (551-479 BC), 2 (translate) into Maltese. 3 made us moved was that Giuffre spent around two years making the anthology accessible to Maltese readers, especially to young students, by translating it. 4 (current), the Maltese version is available for local readers. The translated version is complete with an introduction to the life of Confucius, the era he lived in, his teachings and the key concepts, terms, names and figures 5 (mention) in the book. Giuffre says he added comments and explanations to make the text 6 (easy) for Maltese readers to understand. “I tried to keep my Maltese version as understandable as possible to enable a larger circle of readers to benefit 7 it,” Giuffre says. “I hope my translation will contribute to the spread of Chinese culture 8 knowledge of Chinese philosophy in Malta.” Giuffre notes that Confucius not only teaches people how to become good rulers but also how to govern a country. The Chinese initiative of building a community with a shared future clearly expresses the vision of today’s China 9 (promote) a peaceful system of good global governance. “Confucius’ idea of good governance would then be taken as a model for world harmony, 10 (cooperate) and governance,” he says. 3、 阅读理解 passage 3 【新情境・人工智能技术】(25-26吉林长春第一次摸底考试) On February 20, the science fiction magazine Clarkesworld was forced to stop accepting any new articles from writers after it was flooded with AI-written stories. “By the time we closed on the 20th, we had received 500 human-written stories and 700 AI-written ones,” said editor-in-chief Neil Clarke. “It was increasing at such a speed that we figured that by the end of the month, we would have doubled the number of articles we normally have. The rate had been growing from previous months, and we were concerned that we had to do something to stop it.” Worries about AI misuse have frequently appeared in headlines recently, particularly since the launch of ChatGPT in November,2022, which can not only answer a broad range of questions, but also create original poems and stories. Clarke said magazines like his, which pay contributors for their work, were being targeted by people trying to make quick money. He said he had already spoken to editors of other magazines and that all of them had agreed to stop accepting AI-written articles. He also admitted that the humor of his sci-fi magazine being targeted by AI robots is not lost on him. “You know, our mascot (吉祥物) is a robot. So we see the irony,” he said. “But the thing is that science fiction is often intended to give a warning to people.” We don’t celebrate technology just because it exists. We want to make sure that we’re using it right. And there are some significant legal and moral issues around this technology that we’re not ready to accept. Clarke said the magazine didn’t know how to deal with the issue, and part of the motivation to speak out was in the hope of finding some solutions. He also said the quality of the AI-written stories was very poor. 1． What’s the matter with the magazine Clarkesworld? A．It will close down forever. B．It received lots of AI-written articles. C．It stopped paying contributors. D．It has lost many good human authors. 2． What can we infer about other magazines’ attitude to the AI-written stories? A．Disapproving. B．Favorable. C．Unconcerned. D．Tolerant. 3． What does Neil Clarke say about science fiction? A．It often intends to find some solutions. B．It welcomes the existing new technologies. C．It will improve AI-written articles in the near future. D．It often tries to warn of the dark side of technology. 4． Where is this text most likely from? A．A fashion magazine. B．A news report. C．A science fiction. D．A book review. passage4 【新情境・医学科普】(2025芜湖市高中毕业班下学期教学质量统测) Why People Feel “Tired but Wired” after Little Sleep A full night’s rest is key for waking up alert and energized for the day. But many report feeling weirdly wired (诡异的亢奋感) — and paradoxically more productive — despite snoozing for three to four hours instead of the seven to nine hours most experts recommend for adults. However, Zeitzer, a sleep scientist, wants to make the matter clear: no type of sleep deprivation (缺乏) is ultimately good for you. They say the energy jolt after acute sleep deprivation stems from a natural but fleeting sense of alertness that the brain uses to temporarily cope with insufficient rest. 1 . ●Triggering survival mode 2 , natural survival behaviors kick in. The body produces a physiological reaction to keep the brain alert and energized. A single night of sleep deprivation is a stressor that acts via the central nervous system to activate the HPA axis. This circuit between the brain and the adrenal glands triggers the stress response. The energy boost from the sympathetic nervous system is temporary, and it does not mean people’s brains are fully functional, however. ● Sleep inertia Researchers generally describe five stages of the sleep cycle: wakefulness, three phases of nonrapid eye movement(NREM), and one phase of rapid eye movement(REM). The stage at which a sleeper wakes up can affect how they react to being subjectively refreshed. And the longer a person sleeps, the greater the chance they’ll experience sleep inertia — a temporary period of mental fog after waking up. 3 . Waking up during this sleep stage could decrease sleep inertia and make a person feel more energized during a deprivation period. ● 4 A single night of shortened sleep might seem harmless, but putting your body under the resulting stress has drawbacks. Losing just two hours of sleep can make people more impulsive (冲动的) and inclined to making mistakes. Additionally, the energy from elevated cortisol (皮质醇) and adrenaline (肾上腺素) levels fades over the day. “None of these things will be particularly sustained for a long time,” Zeitzer explains. For a better way to reduce grogginess, he advises people to sleep as much as possible for two to three days with no alarm clocks to catch up on rest. The bottom line: You can’t cheat sleep. 5 , there is no shortcut to being ready to seize the day. It took Mother Nature millions of years to perfect sleep — to give us optimal performance and mental health. A．When adrenaline and cortisol wear off B．When the brain senses sleep disruption C．When sleep is already the greatest life hack D．Long-term shortened sleep leads to more mistakes E．It is possible people feel more “awake” if they’re roused during the shallower NREM sleep F．Here are the reasons why limited sleep makes us more conscious and energetic during the daytime G．The following shows us what happens in the brain when it runs on limited sleep and how this can affect health 4、 七选五、 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Passage 5 【新情境・生命健康】（2025届山东师范大学附属中学5月检测） Humans have evolved to spend long periods doing physical exercise. 1 The complexity of the human brain is to blame. Evolving an ability doesn’t automatically mean we’ll want to use it. While physical exercise isn’t that bad, it’s still typically unpleasant. 2 It calculates the effort required for actions and tends to stop us from misusing vital resources on fruitless efforts, like walking over 30 km for a handful of berries. The thing is, regular exercise to get “in shape” needs constant and considerable effort. 3 So, your brain has a tendency to ask this question, “Is it worth it?” This particular feature also means we typically prefer things which offer minimum effort for maximum reward. Thankfully, the human brain is a complex organ. It isn’t ruled by its more primitive drives. While many species’ thought processes are limited to “Food, eat it!”, “Danger, run!”, “Pain, avoid!”, we’ve evolved beyond that. 4 We can imagine a desirable future scenario (情况), figure out how we’d achieve it, and do just that. Or at least work toward it. This directly impacts how our brain processes motivation and willpower. We can recognize that rejecting a reward now can lead to a greater reward later, and act accordingly. As far as your brain is concerned, there are processes that discourage exercise, and processes that encourage it. 5 A．So how does the brain process motivation? B．But why doesn’t everyone enjoy exercising? C．Our brains can form long-term goals and ambitions. D．It is for gradual progress and uncertain rewards. E．The human brain is highly sensitive to wasted effort. F．Most people have the habit of doing physical exercise. G．Ideally, you’ll end up putting more weight on the latter than the former. 拔高预测 Passage 1 一、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 【新情境・道教水哲学传统文化】（2026 南京二模） 　　Water serves as a core cultural symbol of harmony in Chinese civilization, ___36___ (deep) rooted in Taoist philosophy and ancient myths. It is seen as ___37___ endless source of inner peace for ancient Taoist thinkers, whose works integrate water imagery ___38___ every branch of Chinese art and garden architecture. 　　Laozi, founder of Taoism, once wrote that water benefits all creatures yet never competes, ___39___ (make) it the perfect symbol of supreme virtue. Unlike rigid stone or steep mountains, water can adapt ___40___ any vessel it fills, teaching people modesty and flexibility. 　　Countless classical Chinese gardens build winding brooks___41___ (show) this Taoist wisdom. The famous motto “The highest good is like water” ___42___ (pass) down orally and in writing for thousands of years, ___43___ (carry) the spirit of harmonious coexistence between humans and nature. 　　Nowadays environmentalists draw inspiration ___44___ this ancient philosophy, calling on all citizens ___45___ (cherish) and protect global water resources. Passage 2 【新情境・中国天宫空间站航天科技】（2026 苏锡常镇二模） 　　China’s Tiangong space station travels around Earth at ___36___ altitude of roughly 400 kilometers. Astronauts on board carry out various experiments ___37___ (aim) at promoting global space science research. The station ___38___ (equip) with advanced lab facilities to support long-term human residence in orbit. 　　What surprises global scientists most is ___39___ efficiently all core systems of Tiangong operate. The Tianhe core module acts as living quarters and control center, while Wentian and Mengtian labs provide space ___40___ all kinds of scientific tests. 　　Since the station’s full completion in late 2022, dozens of Chinese astronauts ___41___ (stay) in orbit, ___42___ (complete) hundreds of experiments in medicine, material science and astronomy. Many overseas scientists apply___43___ cooperative research chances, eager to send their projects to Tiangong. 　　Chinese engineers continuously upgrade station hardware ___44___ (meet) future deep-space exploration demands. Tiangong fully demonstrates ___45___ powerful strength of China’s aerospace industry. 2、 阅读理解 Passage 3 【新情境・建筑艺术 】（2026山东省实验中学高三上学期一诊英语试题） Architect Liu Jiakun was awarded the 2025 Pritzker Architecture Prize on Tuesday, making him the second winner from China to earn the highest honor in the field of architecture after Wang Shu in 2012. Living in Chengdu, the capital of southwestern China’s Sichuan province, Liu’s career spans four decades and over 30 projects. He established Jiakun architects in 1999 and is devoted to creating an expansive collection of works ranging from small, beautiful museums and monuments and vast commercial buildings to master plans for cities. “The purpose of architecture is to create a beautiful, just and dignified living environment. People’s real lives, happiness and dignity are what we strive for,” says Liu. The prize’s jury statement says that “intertwining (交织) seemingly opposing things such as idealism versus everyday existence, history versus modernity, and collectivism versus individuality, Liu offers affirming architecture that celebrates the lives of ordinary citizens”. Wang, the 2012 Pritzker recipient, tells China Daily that Liu’s winning is encouraging: “His works are very local, yet modern, directly addressing the challenges facing the transformation of contemporary Chinese cities.” Wang says both he and Liu pursue contemporary architecture rooted in tradition. Many architects around the world attempt to do the same, yet their style has never become mainstream. “I believe Liu’s winning holds great significance and will resonate with those architects,” he adds. Liu’s focus on ordinary people is reflected in his largest project West Village, a five-story urban complex completed in 2015 in Chengdu. The complex includes a football field, paths for cyclists and pedestrians, and a market. The block has become a popular public space and a destination for the city’s residents to spend leisure time. Hearing the news that Liu won the Pritzker Prize, many netizens who have visited the West Village and the museums he designed expressed that his architecture reflects a precious sense of relaxation, much like the vibrant city of Chengdu itself, which is known for its giant pandas, hotpot and leisurely pace. 1．What do we know about Liu Jiakun? A．He is the first Chinese winner of the Pritzker Prize. B．His career spans 40 years with over 30 projects. C．He founded Jiakun architects in 2012 in Chengdu. D．His works only include museums and monuments. 2．What is a feature of Liu Jiakun’s architectural works? A．Pursuit of tradition-based modernity. B．Concentration on outline. C．Integration with surroundings. D．Combination with foreign styles. 3．The example of West Village is used to illustrate that ________. A．Liu Jiakun pays attention to the needs of ordinary people B．Liu Jiakun’s projects are all large-scale urban complexes C．public spaces in Chengdu are not popular among residents D．football fields are unnecessary in urban complex design 4．Which of the following words can best describe Liu Jiakun? A．Energetic and optimistic. B．Outgoing and responsible. C．Courageous and generous. D．Committed and creative. passage 4 【新情境・传统手工艺 】(25-26高三上·江苏盐城四校·第一次联考) One quiet afternoon in France in her studio, wood crafting (木工技艺) artist Hua Yong found herself watching water boil. Without thinking, she reached for her phone and refreshed the screen. At that very moment, she realized how much modern life is consumed by speed. “We are completely swept up by the fast pace of life,” she said. “It’s becoming harder to find time to unwind among the everyday chaos of life.” Hua Yong, the 2024 receiver of the Hand of Wisdom prize, a Sino-French crafts exchange program, spent two months in Paris last year, a rare stretch of uninterrupted time that allowed her to reflect on the act of creation. She began experimenting with simple geometric (几何的) forms, repeating them to create visual effects that seemed to go beyond time and space. “I thought about how to create something new from nothing, and used the highest standards of traditional Chinese craftsmanship to bring these ideas to life,” she said. “Wood crafting requires the investment of time,” she noted. Her exhibition Changing the World in Silence at Yishu 8, an art platform in Beijing, marked the highlight of a year’s reflection. Running through mid-June, the show featured 25 pieces, 11 of which were created after her Paris residency. Among the works was a vortex-like (漩涡状的) table, which drew the viewer’s mind into a different dimension. “We hope all the crafts here quietly accompany the viewers, bringing a brief mental escape and a moment of relaxation,” described Hua. “The changes in her work’s form between movement and stillness are projections of conceptual unrest,” said Su Dan, the artistic director of Hand of Wisdom, observing Hua’s shift since her return. “She has long engaged with Chinese traditional materials and been constantly thinking. Works created in such a state of reflection become models of design philosophy: They are short-lived, yet everlasting.” 1． Why did Hua Yong reach for her phone in Paragraph 1? A．She felt like taking a photo. B．She tried to have a rest among chaos. C．She intended to make a call. D．She had formed the habitual behavior. 2． What change did Hua Yong make after her Sino-French crafts exchange program? A．She integrated Sino-French wood crafts. B．She applied geometric shapes creatively. C．She shifted to rare and simple materials. D．She adopted digital techniques flexibly. 3． What do we know about the works in Changing the World in Silence? A．They relied hardly on handwork. B．They mirrored the rush of modern life. C．They featured mental relaxation. D．They were well-appreciated by viewers. 4． What does Su Dan imply about Hua Yong? A．She underwent life unrest in Paris. B．She deserted wood craft traditions. C．Her works turn out the best models. D．Her works convey a consistent idea. 三、七选五 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 passage 5 【新情境・生物科技 / 现代农业科技】（2025雅礼中学高三模拟试卷） The Rise of Lab-Grown Meat For decades, scientists have been seeking sustainable solutions to global food shortages. 1 . Commonly known as cultured meat, this innovation grows animal muscle tissue from stem cells in controlled laboratory environments. Its emergence could revolutionize our traditional understanding of meat production. Animal-Free Meat Creation via Science The manufacturing process begins with collecting animal cells through harmless biopsies. (活组织检查) 2 . They are then placed in nutrient-rich bioreactors where they multiply and develop into muscle fibers. Surprisingly, the final product maintains the same protein content and texture as conventional meat through precise temperature control and mechanical stretching. Environmental Impacts Compared to traditional livestock (牲畜) farming, lab-grown meat shows remarkable ecological advantages. 3 . A 2024 UN report revealed that cultured meat production requires 95% less land and reduces greenhouse gas emissions by 87%. Moreover, it completely removes the need for antibiotics (抗生素) used in raising animals, addressing growing concerns about drug-resistant bacteria. 4． Despite its promise, the industry faces significant challenges. Current production costs remain way too high, with a single burger patty costing approximately $50 to produce. Consumer acceptance also presents obstacles (阻碍), as 42% of participants in a global survey expressed distrust in “test-tube meat”. Additionally, regulatory frameworks for safety standards and labeling requirements are still under development worldwide. Future Outlook Major food corporations have invested over $3 billion in cultured meat research since 2022. 5 . With Singapore already approving commercial sales and the EU planning to legalize it by 2026, industry analysts predict cultured meat could capture 10% of the global meat market by 2035. As technology advances, this scientific breakthrough may fundamentally transform our dining tables and ecosystems alike. A．Rising Production Costs B．Challenges to Mass Production C．It consumes 85% less water than regular farms D．The most promising answer lies in lab-grown meat E．These cells are carefully selected for their growth potential F．Governments should promote this eco-friendly alternative G．The huge increase in funding reflects growing confidence in it 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 17 / 32 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $(一)名词真题 1.frequency 3 necessities 3. meaning 4 warmth 5. growth 6. guidance 1. kindness 6 communication differences 10.knowledge (二)数词真题 5.five 6. third 7.hundred 考点01 1.freedom 专题05名词和数词 参考答案 真题感知 强化演练 1/6 2.consumption 3.understanding 4.purity 考点02 1.customs 2. manners 3.approaches 4.conditions 考点03 1.bravery 2.warmth 3.honesty 4.depth 考点04 1.thousands 2.twenties 3.nineties 4.million 二、语法填空 Passage 1 1.hidden 2.the 3.what 2/6 4. coming 5. to 6. and 7.releases 8.allows 9.addition 10.endless Passage 2 1.a 2.has been translated 3.What 4.Currently 5.mentioned 6.easier 7.from 8.and 9.promoting 10.cooperation 三、阅读理解 passage 3 1.B 2. A 3.D 4. B 3/6 passage4 1.F 2. B 3. E 4. A 5.C 四、七选五Passage5 1.B 2. E 3.D 4. C 5.G 一、语法填空 Passage 1 36.deeply 37.an 38.into 39.making 40.to 41.to show 42.has been passed 43.canying 拔高预测 4/6 44.from 45.to cherish Passage 2 36.an 37.aiming 38.is equipped 39.how 40.for 41.have stayed 42.completing 43.for 44.to meet 45.the 二、阅读理解 Passage 3 1.B 2. A 3.A 4.D passage 4 1.D 2. B 3. 4. D . 5/6 三、七选五passage5 1.D 2.E 3.( C 4. B 5 G 6/6 专题05 名词和数词 目 录 真题感知 1 强化演练 6 拔高预测 18 真题感知 一、名词真题 1.（2026·新高考I卷·高考真题）The exact dates and 57 (frequent) of daji vary from region to region. 【答案】 frequency 【解析】考查名词词性转换。句意：大集的具体日期和举办频率因地区而异。空前有并列名词dates，and连接并列名词作主语，此处需填名词；形容词frequent转换为抽象名词frequency，表“频率”，为不可数名词。故填frequency。 解题方法 （1）名词判定标志：and前后词性一致，并列名词结构锁定空处为名词； （2）词性转换规则：形容词转换为对应抽象名词，描述事物属性、特征； （3）易错易混速记：frequency表泛指频率时为不可数名词，无复数形式。 2.（2026·新高考I卷·高考真题）In the Han Dynasty, it was difficult for ordinary families to get daily 60 (necessary). 【答案】 necessities 【解析】考查名词词性转换及复数变形。句意：在汉代，普通家庭很难获得日常生活必需品。空处作get的宾语，需用名词；形容词necessary对应的名词为necessity，表“必需品”时为可数名词，daily necessities为固定搭配，常用复数形式。故填necessities。 解题方法 （1）名词判定标志：动词后缺宾语，形容词提示需转换为名词； （2）词性转换规则：形容词转换为表具体物品的可数名词； （3）易错易混速记：necessity表“必需品”常用复数necessities，表“必要性”为不可数名词。 3.（2026·新高考II卷·高考真题）Traditional festivals carry rich cultural 62 (mean) and connect people with their history. 【答案】 meaning 【解析】考查名词词性转换。句意：传统节日承载着丰富的文化意义，将人们与历史相连。空前有形容词cultural修饰，需填名词作宾语；动词mean转换为名词meaning，表“意义、含义”，此处为抽象不可数名词。故填meaning。 解题方法 （1）名词判定标志：形容词修饰名词，形容词后空格必填名词； （2）词性转换规则：动词转换为抽象名词，表内在含义、价值； （3）易错易混速记：cultural meaning为高考高频固定搭配，无复数形式。 4.（2026·新高考II卷·高考真题）The 64 (warm) of human connection makes our life more beautiful. 【答案】 warmth 【解析】考查名词词性转换。句意：人与人之间温情让我们的生活更加美好。空前有定冠词The限定，空处需填名词作句子主语；形容词warm转换为名词warmth，表“温暖、温情”，为抽象不可数名词。故填warmth。 解题方法 （1）名词判定标志：定冠词The后必须接名词，作句子主语； （2）词性转换规则：形容词去m加th，构成品质类抽象名词； （3）易错易混速记：warmth、length、width等th结尾抽象名词，均为不可数名词。 5.（2026·全国甲卷·高考真题）Reading improves our vocabulary and deepens our intellectual 61 (grow). 【答案】 growth 【解析】考查名词词性转换。句意：阅读扩充我们的词汇量，深化我们的智力成长。空前有形容词intellectual修饰，且与vocabulary并列作宾语，需用名词；动词grow对应的名词为growth，表“成长、发展”，为抽象不可数名词。故填growth。 解题方法 （1）名词判定标志：形容词修饰名词，并列宾语位置统一使用名词； （2）词性转换规则：动词转换为过程、发展类抽象名词； （3）易错易混速记：growth表抽象成长、发展，无复数变形。 6.（2025·新高考I卷）“Each move should serve a long-term goal. You try to lead the opponent into your trap and force them to follow your 59 (guide) till they lose,” explains Wang Wei, a Go player among the visitors to the exhibition. 【答案】 guidance 【解析】考查名词词性转换。句意：每一步棋都要服务于长远目标。你试图诱使对手落入陷阱，迫使他们遵从你的指引直至落败。空格前为形容词性物主代词your，其后需接名词作宾语；动词guide转换为名词guidance，为不可数名词。故填guidance。 解题方法 （1）名词判定标志：空格前为形容词性物主代词(my/your/his/their)，后面必须接名词； （2）词性转换规则：动词转换为对应抽象名词，表抽象动作、状态； （3）易错易混速记：抽象指引类名词guidance为不可数名词，无复数形式，无需变形。 7.（2025·全国甲卷）Her 60 (kind) and patience made her popular among the students. 【答案】 kindness 【解析】考查名词词性转换。句意：她的善良和耐心让她在学生中很受欢迎。空格前为形容词性物主代词Her，其后需接名词，且与patience并列作句子主语；形容词kind转换为名词kindness，表“善良”，为抽象不可数名词。故填kindness。 解题方法 （1）名词判定标志：物主代词后必填名词，并列主语位置统一用名词； （2）词性转换规则：形容词＋ness 构成品质类抽象名词； （3）易错易混速记：kindness、happiness、darkness 均为不可数名词。 8.（2024·新高考II卷）Effective 61 (communicate) is essential in team work. 【答案】 communication 【解析】考查名词词性转换。句意：有效的沟通在团队协作中至关重要。空格前有形容词Effective修饰，空格处在句中作主语，需用名词；动词communicate对应的名词为communication，表“沟通、交流”，泛指行为时为不可数名词。故填communication。 解题方法 （1）名词判定标志：形容词修饰名词，句子主语位置必须为名词性成分； （2）词性转换规则：动词去e＋ion，构成行为类抽象名词； （3）易错易混速记：表泛指“沟通”时不可数，无复数变形。 9.（2024·全国乙卷）We should respect the 62 (different) between individuals. 【答案】 differences 【解析】考查名词词性转换及单复数。句意：我们应当尊重人与人之间的差异。空格前有定冠词the，作动词respect的宾语；形容词different对应的名词为difference，句中between individuals表多者之间的多处差异，为可数复数概念。故填differences。 解题方法 （1）名词判定标志：定冠词the后接名词，作及物动词宾语； （2）词性转换规则：形容词转换为表“差异、区别”的名词； （3）易错易混速记：表多个事物间的具体差异时，difference为可数名词，需变复数。 10.（2025·全国乙卷）Reading broadens our 63 (know) and shapes our characters. 【答案】 knowledge 【解析】考查名词词性转换。句意：阅读拓宽我们的知识面、塑造我们的品格。空格前有形容词性物主代词our修饰，需填入名词作宾语；动词know对应的抽象名词为knowledge，表“知识、学识”，为固定不可数名词。故填knowledge。 解题方法 （1）名词判定标志：物主代词our后必须接名词，作动词broaden的宾语； （2）词性转换规则：动词转换为学科、认知类抽象名词； （3）易错易混速记：knowledge为绝对不可数名词，永远不加s。 二、数词真题（2024-2026高考真题） 5.（2026·新高考II卷·高考真题）The country has built more than 300 new libraries in the past (five) years. 【答案】 five 【解析】考查基数词用法。句意：该国在过去五年间建成了三百多座新图书馆。此处修饰名词years，表具体数量，需用基数词；past five years为高考高频固定搭配，基数词无需变形。故填five。 解题方法 （1）基数词判定核心：修饰名词、表具体数量、时长、年限，用基数词； （2）固定搭配公式：in the past + 基数词 + 复数名词，表“在过去一段时间”； （3）易错易混速记：表具体数量无需变序数词，不随意变形。 6.（2025·全国II卷·高考真题）This is his (three) time to take part in the national English competition. 【答案】 third 【解析】考查序数词固定句型。句意：这是他第三次参加全国英语竞赛。本句为固定句型：this is one’s + 序数词 + time to do sth.，表“某人第几次做某事”，此处表顺序，基数词three需变为序数词third。故填third。 解题方法 （1）序数词判定核心：表动作次数、顺序、排位，必须用序数词； （2）固定句型公式：this is one’s + 序数词 + time to do sth. 高考必考句式； （3）易错易混速记：基数词表数量，序数词表顺序，二者不可混用。 7.（2024·新高考I卷·高考真题）About two (hundred) students attended the opening ceremony of the sports meeting. 【答案】 hundred 【解析】考查大数基数词用法。句意：约两百名学生参加了运动会的开幕式。hundred、thousand、million等大数单位词，前有具体数字修饰时，用单数形式，不加s、不加of。本空前有具体数字two。故填hundred。 解题方法 （1）大数词判定核心：hundred/thousand/million两类用法； （2）固定公式：具体数字 + 大数词单数（无s无of）；无数字 + 大数词复数 + of； （3）易错易混速记：有数字不加s，有s必加of，二者不能共存。 强化演练 1、 单句语法填空 考点01 名词与动词、形容词之间的转换 1.（新情境·蒙古族民歌——长调）（2026·湖南·阶段性检测）Each long song is special because singers preform by adding some things that reflect the 41 (free) of the life of Mongolian people. 【答案】 freedom 【解析】考查名词词性转换。句意：每一首长调都很特别，因为歌手在演唱时会加入一些能体现蒙古族人民生活自由的元素。此处作reflect的宾语，用free的名词形式freedom，意为“自由”，为不可数名词。故填freedom。 2.（2026·湖北·荆州中学月考）In my daily life, I take small steps to reduce my plastic 41 (consume). 【答案】consumption 【解析】考查名词词性转换。句意：在日常生活中，我会采取一些小措施来减少塑料消耗。根据空格前的形容词性物主代词my可知，此处用提示词的名词形式consumption，作动词reduce的宾语，是不可数名词。故填consumption。 3.（2025·广东·佛山质检）Reading classic literature helps us gain deep 41 (understand) of traditional culture. 【答案】understanding 【解析】考查名词词性转换。句意：阅读经典文学有助于我们深刻理解传统文化。空前有形容词deep修饰，空处需填名词作gain的宾语，understand的名词形式为understanding，表“理解、领悟”，为不可数名词。故填understanding。 4.（2024·山东·济南期中）The 41 (pure) of the mountain spring water makes it very popular among tourists. 【答案】purity 【解析】考查名词词性转换。句意：山泉水的纯净使其深受游客喜爱。空格前有定冠词The，空处需填名词作句子主语，pure的名词形式为purity，意为“纯净、纯粹”，不可数名词。故填purity。 考点02 名词单复数变化与易错辨析 1.（2026·江苏·苏州质检）Traditional Chinese 41 (custom) have been well preserved in this ancient town. 【答案】customs 【解析】考查名词复数。句意：中国传统习俗在这座古镇得到了很好的保护。custom为可数名词，意为“习俗、风俗”；句中谓语动词为have，说明主语为复数形式，故填customs。 2.（2025·福建·福州月考）We should pay attention to our table 41 (manner) when dining in public. 【答案】manners 【解析】考查固定名词复数搭配。句意：我们在公共场合用餐时要注意餐桌礼仪。table manners为固定搭配，意为“餐桌礼仪”，manner表“礼仪、礼貌”时必须用复数形式。故填manners。 3.（2024·四川·成都诊断）Various 41 (approach) to solving environmental problems have been put forward. 【答案】approaches 【解析】考查名词复数。句意：人们提出了各种各样解决环境问题的方法。various后接可数名词复数，approach为可数名词，意为“方法、途径”，复数形式直接加es。故填approaches。 4.（2025·浙江·杭州期中）People’s living 41 (condition) have been greatly improved in recent years. 【答案】conditions 【解析】考查名词复数。句意：近年来，人们的生活条件得到了极大的改善。condition表示“生活、工作条件”时，常用复数形式；谓语动词为have，也提示主语用复数。故填conditions。 考点03 不可数名词与固定搭配易错点 1.（2026·河南·郑州模拟）She showed great 41 (brave) in the face of difficulties. 【答案】bravery 【解析】考查不可数名词转换。句意：她在困难面前表现出极大的勇气。形容词great修饰名词，brave的名词形式bravery意为“勇气”，为抽象不可数名词，无复数形式。故填bravery。 2.（2025·江西·南昌联考）The 41 (warm) of her smile made me feel at home. 【答案】warmth 【解析】考查不可数名词转换。句意：她温暖的笑容让我倍感亲切。定冠词The后接名词作主语，warm的名词形式warmth意为“温暖、温情”，抽象不可数名词。故填warmth。 3.（2024·安徽·合肥质检）We should value the 41 (honest) and kindness of ordinary people. 【答案】honesty 【解析】考查不可数名词转换。句意：我们应该珍视普通人的诚实与善良。定冠词the后接名词，honest的名词形式honesty意为“诚实”，抽象品质类名词，不可数。故填honesty。 4.（2026·重庆·期中联考）The 41 (deep) of the lake remains unknown to local people. 【答案】depth 【解析】考查不可数名词转换。句意：当地人至今不清楚这个湖的深度。定冠词The后接名词作主语，deep的名词形式depth意为“深度”，表抽象度量，不可数。故填depth。 考点04 数词高频易错专项 1.（2026·河北·石家庄质检）Hundreds of (thousand) of volunteers take part in public welfare activities every year. 【答案】 thousands 【解析】考查模糊数量表达。无具体数字修饰，thousands of 为固定搭配，表“成千上万的”。故填thousands。 2.（2025·湖南·雅礼联考）He began to learn painting in his (twenty). 【答案】 twenties 【解析】考查年龄表达。in one’s + 整十数复数，表“在某人几十多岁时”，in his twenties “在他二十多岁时”。故填twenties。 3.（2024·江苏·南通期中）The city developed rapidly in the (ninety) of the last century. 【答案】 nineties 【解析】考查年代表达。in the + 整十复数，表“在几十年代”，in the nineties “在九十年代”。故填nineties。 4.（2026·山东·青岛月考）Five (million) people visited the museum last year. 【答案】 million 【解析】考查大数用法。前面有具体数字Five，million用单数，不加s、不加of。故填million。 2、 语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Passage 1 【新情境・互联网 / 消费文创产业】（2025温州第三次适应性考试英语试题卷） Blind boxes have taken the world by storm, catching the imaginations of collectors and new buyers alike. These mystery boxes, containing 1 (hide) items revealed only after purchase, offer a mix of surprise and exclusivity (独家性). From toys to high-end collectibles, 2 blind box trend attracts anyone seeking excitement or wanting to add something unique to their collection. The appeal lies in the excitement of not knowing 3 is inside, combined with the desire to complete a set or find rare items. This concept of discovery keeps collectors 4 (come) back for more and has helped transform the blind box industry into a multibillion-dollar market. For those new 5 the blind box world, starting a collection can be a rewarding experience. Begin by selecting a brand or theme that matches your interests. Many collectors recommend focusing on a specific series, which makes the collection more personal 6 helps prevent unnecessary purchases. Engaging with the community can also enhance your collecting journey. There are countless social media groups where collectors share tips and discuss new 7 (release). Connecting with other collectors 8 (allow) you to trade the same items, find rare pieces, and share in the excitement of each new 9 (add) to your collection. Whether you’re an experienced collector or a newcomer, the world of blind boxes offers 10 (end) possibilities, turning every unboxing into an adventure. 【答案】 1．hidden 2．the 3．what 4．coming 5．to 6．and 7．releases 8．allows 9．addition 10．endless 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了盲盒趋势吸引了任何寻求刺激或想要为他们的收藏增添独特东西的人。 1．考查形容词。句意：这些神秘的盒子，包含隐藏的物品，只有在购买后才会显示，提供惊喜和排他性的混合。空处修饰名词items，应填形容词hidden作定语，故填hidden。 2．考查冠词。句意：从玩具到高端收藏品，盲盒趋势吸引了任何寻求刺激或想要为他们的收藏增添独特东西的人。结合“blind box”可知，trend表示特指，应用定冠词the修饰，故填the。 3．考查宾语从句。句意：这种游戏的吸引力在于玩家不知道里面有什么，同时也希望完成一套道具或找到稀有道具。空处引导宾语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，指物，应用连接代词what引导，故填what。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：这种发现的概念让收藏家们不断回访，并帮助盲盒行业变成了一个价值数十亿美元的市场。此处是“keep+宾语+宾补”结构，come和宾语collectors之间是逻辑主动关系，应用现在分词作宾补，故填coming。 5．考查介词。句意：对于那些刚进入盲盒世界的人来说，开始收藏可能是一种有益的体验。new to sth“刚刚接触某物”，固定搭配，to是介词，故填to。 6．考查连词。句意：许多收藏家建议专注于一个特定的系列，这使收藏更加个性化，并有助于防止不必要的购买。makes the collection more personal和helps prevent unnecessary purchases是并列的动词短语，用并列连词and连接，故填and。 7．考查名词复数。句意：收藏者在无数的社交媒体群中分享心得，讨论新发行的作品。release“新发行的东西”在句中用作可数名词，此处应用名词复数表示泛指，故填releases。 8．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：与其他收藏家联系可以让你交易相同的物品，找到罕见的作品，并分享每一个新增加到你的收藏的兴奋。结合上下文时态和句意可知，此处描述事实，使用一般现在时，主语Connecting with other collectors是动名词短语，表示单数意义，谓语动词使用三单形式，故填allows。 9．考查名词。句意：同上。空处作of的宾语，前面有形容词修饰，应填名词addition，故填addition。 10．考查形容词。句意：无论你是一个有经验的收藏家还是一个新手，盲盒的世界提供了无限的可能性，把每一次打开盒子都变成了一次冒险。空处修饰名词possibilities，应填形容词作定语，endless“无限的”，形容词，故填endless。 Passage 2 【新情境・传统文化 / 中外文化交流】（2026遵义市遵义市高三上学期模拟预测英语试题） Lunyu, or the Analects of Confucius, is 1 fine example of world literature and the publication of the Maltese version of the ancient Chinese book would further enhance cultural exchanges between China and Malta, says Maltese Sinologist and translator of the book Salvatore Giuffre. It is the first time that the book, which is a collection of ideas and sayings from the ancient Chinese philosopher Confucius (551-479 BC), 2 (translate) into Maltese. 3 made us moved was that Giuffre spent around two years making the anthology accessible to Maltese readers, especially to young students, by translating it. 4 (current), the Maltese version is available for local readers. The translated version is complete with an introduction to the life of Confucius, the era he lived in, his teachings and the key concepts, terms, names and figures 5 (mention) in the book. Giuffre says he added comments and explanations to make the text 6 (easy) for Maltese readers to understand. “I tried to keep my Maltese version as understandable as possible to enable a larger circle of readers to benefit 7 it,” Giuffre says. “I hope my translation will contribute to the spread of Chinese culture 8 knowledge of Chinese philosophy in Malta.” Giuffre notes that Confucius not only teaches people how to become good rulers but also how to govern a country. The Chinese initiative of building a community with a shared future clearly expresses the vision of today’s China 9 (promote) a peaceful system of good global governance. “Confucius’ idea of good governance would then be taken as a model for world harmony, 10 (cooperate) and governance,” he says. 【答案】 1．a 2．has been translated 3．What 4．Currently 5．mentioned 6．easier 7．from 8．and 9．promoting 10．cooperation 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了马耳他汉学家和译者Salvatore Giuffre将《论语》翻译成马耳他语的相关情况，强调该译本对中马文化交流的意义。 1．考查冠词。句意：马耳他汉学家、《论语》译者萨尔瓦托雷・朱弗雷表示，《论语》是世界文学的典范之作，这部中国古籍马耳他语版本的出版，将进一步促进中马两国的文化交流。“example”是可数名词单数，此处为“一个典范”，表泛指，且“fine”是以辅音音素开头的单词，需用不定冠词“a”修饰。故填a。 2．考查动词时态和语态。句意：这是这部收录中国古代思想家孔子（公元前 551-479 年）思想与言论的著作首次被翻译成马耳他语。此处是固定句型“It is the first time that...”，从句需用现在完成时，且“the book”与“translate”之间是被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为单数，助动词用“has”。故填has been translated。 3．考查名词性从句。句意：让我们感动的是，朱弗雷花了大约两年时间将这部选集翻译成马耳他语，以便马耳他读者，尤其是年轻学生能够读懂。空处引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语，指代“让我们感动的事情”，需用连接代词“what”引导，且句首单词首字母需大写。故填What。 4．考查副词。句意：目前，马耳他语版本已面向当地读者推出。此处需用副词作状语修饰整个句子，“current”是形容词，其副词形式为“currently”，且句首单词首字母需大写。故填Currently。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：该译本还完整介绍了孔子的生平、他所处的时代、他的学说，以及书中提及的关键概念、术语、人名和人物。句中已有谓语动词“is complete”，此处为后置定语，被修饰词“the key concepts, terms, names and figures”与“mention”之间是被动关系，需用过去分词作后置定语。故填mentioned。 6．考查形容词比较级。句意：朱弗雷表示，他添加了评论和解释，以便马耳他读者更容易理解文本内容。根据语境可知，添加评论和解释的目的是让文本“更易理解”，此处暗含与未添加前的比较，需用形容词比较级，“easy”的比较级为“easier”。故填easier。 7．考查固定短语。句意：“我尽量让我的马耳他语版本尽可能易懂，以便让更多的读者从中受益，”朱弗雷说。“benefit from...”是固定短语，意为“从……中受益”。故填from。 8．考查连词。句意：我希望我的翻译能为中国文化和中国哲学知识在马耳他的传播做出贡献。“ Chinese culture”与“knowledge of Chinese philosophy”是并列关系，需用连词“and”连接。故填and。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国提出的构建人类命运共同体倡议，清晰地展现了当今中国推动全球良好治理和平体系的愿景。空处为介词“of”的宾语，应用动名词形式，表示“当今中国促进和平体系的愿景”。故填promoting。 10．考查名词。句意：他说：“这样一来，孔子的善治思想就可以成为世界和谐、合作与治理的典范。”此处与 “world harmony”和 “governance” 并列作介词宾语，需用名词形式，“cooperate”是动词，其名词形式为“cooperation”，为不可数名词。故填cooperation。 3、 阅读理解 passage 3 【新情境・人工智能技术】(25-26吉林长春第一次摸底考试) On February 20, the science fiction magazine Clarkesworld was forced to stop accepting any new articles from writers after it was flooded with AI-written stories. “By the time we closed on the 20th, we had received 500 human-written stories and 700 AI-written ones,” said editor-in-chief Neil Clarke. “It was increasing at such a speed that we figured that by the end of the month, we would have doubled the number of articles we normally have. The rate had been growing from previous months, and we were concerned that we had to do something to stop it.” Worries about AI misuse have frequently appeared in headlines recently, particularly since the launch of ChatGPT in November,2022, which can not only answer a broad range of questions, but also create original poems and stories. Clarke said magazines like his, which pay contributors for their work, were being targeted by people trying to make quick money. He said he had already spoken to editors of other magazines and that all of them had agreed to stop accepting AI-written articles. He also admitted that the humor of his sci-fi magazine being targeted by AI robots is not lost on him. “You know, our mascot (吉祥物) is a robot. So we see the irony,” he said. “But the thing is that science fiction is often intended to give a warning to people.” We don’t celebrate technology just because it exists. We want to make sure that we’re using it right. And there are some significant legal and moral issues around this technology that we’re not ready to accept. Clarke said the magazine didn’t know how to deal with the issue, and part of the motivation to speak out was in the hope of finding some solutions. He also said the quality of the AI-written stories was very poor. 1． What’s the matter with the magazine Clarkesworld? A．It will close down forever. B．It received lots of AI-written articles. C．It stopped paying contributors. D．It has lost many good human authors. 2． What can we infer about other magazines’ attitude to the AI-written stories? A．Disapproving. B．Favorable. C．Unconcerned. D．Tolerant. 3． What does Neil Clarke say about science fiction? A．It often intends to find some solutions. B．It welcomes the existing new technologies. C．It will improve AI-written articles in the near future. D．It often tries to warn of the dark side of technology. 4． Where is this text most likely from? A．A fashion magazine. B．A news report. C．A science fiction. D．A book review. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．B 【来源】吉林省长春市东北师范大学附属中学2025-2026学年高三上学期第一次摸底考试英语试题 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。报道介绍了科幻杂志Clarkesworld最近受AI作品的影响，不得不暂停接受新稿件。 1．细节理解题。 根据第一段“On February 20, the science fiction magazine Clarkesworld was forced to stop accepting any new articles from writers after it was flooded with AI-written stories.(2月20日，科幻杂志《克拉克世界》被迫停止接受任何作家的新文章，因为它被人工智能撰写的故事淹没了。)”可知，Clarkesworld杂志收到了许多AI撰写的文章。故选B。 2．推理判断题。 根据第四段“He said he had already spoken to editors of other magazines and that all of them had agreed to stop accepting AI-written articles.(他说，他已经和其他杂志的编辑谈过了，他们都同意停止接受人工智能撰写的文章。)”可知，其他杂志对AI生成的作品持否定态度。故选A。 3．细节理解题。 根据第五段““But the thing is that science fiction is often intended to give a warning to people.” We don’t celebrate technology just because it exists. We want to make sure that we’re using it right. And there are some significant legal and moral issues around this technology that we’re not ready to accept.(“但问题是，科幻小说往往是为了给人们一个警告。”我们不会因为技术的存在而赞美它。我们要确保我们正确地使用了它。这项技术还存在一些重大的法律和道德问题，我们还没有准备好接受。)”可知，Neil Clarke认为科幻杂志经常试图警告技术的黑暗面。故选D。 4．推理判断题。 根据第一段“On February 20, the science fiction magazine Clarkesworld was forced to stop accepting any new articles from writers after it was flooded with AI-written stories.(2月20日，科幻杂志《克拉克世界》被迫停止接受任何作家的新文章，因为它被人工智能撰写的故事淹没了。)”可知，文章第一段中交代了事情发生的时间，由此判断，这是一篇新闻报道。故选B。 passage4 【新情境・医学科普】(2025芜湖市高中毕业班下学期教学质量统测) Why People Feel “Tired but Wired” after Little Sleep A full night’s rest is key for waking up alert and energized for the day. But many report feeling weirdly wired (诡异的亢奋感) — and paradoxically more productive — despite snoozing for three to four hours instead of the seven to nine hours most experts recommend for adults. However, Zeitzer, a sleep scientist, wants to make the matter clear: no type of sleep deprivation (缺乏) is ultimately good for you. They say the energy jolt after acute sleep deprivation stems from a natural but fleeting sense of alertness that the brain uses to temporarily cope with insufficient rest. 1 . ●Triggering survival mode 2 , natural survival behaviors kick in. The body produces a physiological reaction to keep the brain alert and energized. A single night of sleep deprivation is a stressor that acts via the central nervous system to activate the HPA axis. This circuit between the brain and the adrenal glands triggers the stress response. The energy boost from the sympathetic nervous system is temporary, and it does not mean people’s brains are fully functional, however. ● Sleep inertia Researchers generally describe five stages of the sleep cycle: wakefulness, three phases of nonrapid eye movement(NREM), and one phase of rapid eye movement(REM). The stage at which a sleeper wakes up can affect how they react to being subjectively refreshed. And the longer a person sleeps, the greater the chance they’ll experience sleep inertia — a temporary period of mental fog after waking up. 3 . Waking up during this sleep stage could decrease sleep inertia and make a person feel more energized during a deprivation period. ● 4 A single night of shortened sleep might seem harmless, but putting your body under the resulting stress has drawbacks. Losing just two hours of sleep can make people more impulsive (冲动的) and inclined to making mistakes. Additionally, the energy from elevated cortisol (皮质醇) and adrenaline (肾上腺素) levels fades over the day. “None of these things will be particularly sustained for a long time,” Zeitzer explains. For a better way to reduce grogginess, he advises people to sleep as much as possible for two to three days with no alarm clocks to catch up on rest. The bottom line: You can’t cheat sleep. 5 , there is no shortcut to being ready to seize the day. It took Mother Nature millions of years to perfect sleep — to give us optimal performance and mental health. A．When adrenaline and cortisol wear off B．When the brain senses sleep disruption C．When sleep is already the greatest life hack D．Long-term shortened sleep leads to more mistakes E．It is possible people feel more “awake” if they’re roused during the shallower NREM sleep F．Here are the reasons why limited sleep makes us more conscious and energetic during the daytime G．The following shows us what happens in the brain when it runs on limited sleep and how this can affect health 【答案】1．G 2．B 3．E 4．A 5．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了为什么睡眠不足但以常亢奋的原因。 1．根据上文“However, Zeitzer, a sleep scientist, wants to make the matter clear: no type of sleep deprivation (缺乏) is ultimately good for you. They say the energy jolt after acute sleep deprivation stems from a natural but fleeting sense of alertness that the brain uses to temporarily cope with insufficient rest.(然而，睡眠科学家Zeitzer想要澄清的是：没有任何一种睡眠剥夺最终对你有好处。他们说，急性睡眠剥夺后的能量冲击源于一种自然但短暂的警觉性，大脑利用这种警觉性来暂时应对睡眠不足)”可知，前文指出睡眠不足却感觉亢奋有原因，后文分别从不同方面阐述，故本句起到承上启下的作用，引出下文对原因的具体解释。故G选项“以下内容向我们展示了大脑在睡眠不足的情况下会发生什么，以及这会如何影响健康”符合语境，故选G。 2．根据后文“natural survival behaviors kick in. The body produces a physiological reaction to keep the brain alert and energized. A single night of sleep deprivation is a stressor that acts via the central nervous system to activate the HPA axis. This circuit between the brain and the adrenal glands triggers the stress response. The energy boost from the sympathetic nervous system is temporary, and it does not mean people’s brains are fully functional, however.(自然的生存行为开始发挥作用。身体会产生一种生理反应来保持大脑的警觉和活力。一个晚上的睡眠不足是一种压力源，它通过中枢神经系统激活下丘脑轴。大脑和肾上腺之间的这个回路触发了应激反应。然而，交感神经系统的能量提升是暂时的，这并不意味着人们的大脑功能完全正常)”可知，后文提到身体会产生生理反应来保持大脑警觉和精力充沛，本句引出下文，说明在大脑感知到睡眠被打乱时，自然的生存行为会启动，故B选项“当大脑感觉到睡眠中断时”符合语境，故选B。 3．根据上文“The stage at which a sleeper wakes up can affect how they react to being subjectively refreshed. And the longer a person sleeps, the greater the chance they’ll experience sleep inertia — a temporary period of mental fog after waking up.(睡眠者醒来的阶段会影响他们对主观清醒的反应。一个人睡得越久，他们就越有可能经历睡眠惯性——醒来后短暂的精神恍惚)”可知，前文提到睡眠阶段会影响人们对主观清醒的反应，且睡眠越长，经历睡眠惯性的可能性越大，故本句与前文在睡眠阶段对人的影响相呼应，故E选项“如果人们在较浅的非快速眼动睡眠中被唤醒，他们有可能感觉更‘清醒’”符合语境，故选E。 4．根据本段内容“Additionally, the energy from elevated cortisol (皮质醇) and adrenaline (肾上腺素) levels fades over the day.(此外，皮质醇和肾上腺素水平升高所产生的能量会在一天中逐渐消失)”可知，该段在说睡眠不足时身体的反应以及这些反应带来的影响会随时间消退，故A选项“当肾上腺素和皮质醇消耗殆尽时”符合语境，故选A。 5．根据上文“You can’t cheat sleep.(你无法欺骗睡眠)”以及后文“there is no shortcut to being ready to seize the day.(要准备好抓住每一天，没有捷径可走)”可知，前文说不能欺骗睡眠，后文说没有捷径能让我们准备好迎接新的一天，本句进一步强调了睡眠的重要性，且与上下文逻辑连贯，故C选项“当睡眠已经是最大的生活技巧时”符合语境，故选C。 4、 七选五、 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Passage 5 【新情境・生命健康】（2025届山东师范大学附属中学5月检测） Humans have evolved to spend long periods doing physical exercise. 1 The complexity of the human brain is to blame. Evolving an ability doesn’t automatically mean we’ll want to use it. While physical exercise isn’t that bad, it’s still typically unpleasant. 2 It calculates the effort required for actions and tends to stop us from misusing vital resources on fruitless efforts, like walking over 30 km for a handful of berries. The thing is, regular exercise to get “in shape” needs constant and considerable effort. 3 So, your brain has a tendency to ask this question, “Is it worth it?” This particular feature also means we typically prefer things which offer minimum effort for maximum reward. Thankfully, the human brain is a complex organ. It isn’t ruled by its more primitive drives. While many species’ thought processes are limited to “Food, eat it!”, “Danger, run!”, “Pain, avoid!”, we’ve evolved beyond that. 4 We can imagine a desirable future scenario (情况), figure out how we’d achieve it, and do just that. Or at least work toward it. This directly impacts how our brain processes motivation and willpower. We can recognize that rejecting a reward now can lead to a greater reward later, and act accordingly. As far as your brain is concerned, there are processes that discourage exercise, and processes that encourage it. 5 A．So how does the brain process motivation? B．But why doesn’t everyone enjoy exercising? C．Our brains can form long-term goals and ambitions. D．It is for gradual progress and uncertain rewards. E．The human brain is highly sensitive to wasted effort. F．Most people have the habit of doing physical exercise. G．Ideally, you’ll end up putting more weight on the latter than the former. 【答案】1．B 2．E 3．D 4．C 5．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了人类大脑对锻炼的复杂态度，包括其阻止浪费精力的本能以及设定长期目标的能力如何影响锻炼动机。 1．由上文“Humans have evolved to spend long periods doing physical exercise. (人类已经进化到可以长时间进行体育锻炼。)”及下文“The complexity of the human brain is to blame. (这要归咎于人类大脑的复杂性。)”可知，这里需要提出一个问题，引出下文对大脑复杂性的讨论，B选项“But why doesn’t everyone enjoy exercising? (但是为什么不是每个人都喜欢锻炼呢？)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选B。 2．由下文“It calculates the effort required for actions and tends to stop us from misusing vital resources on fruitless efforts, like walking over 30 km for a handful of berries. (它会计算行动所需的努力，并倾向于阻止我们把重要的资源浪费在徒劳无功的努力上，比如为了几颗浆果而走上30公里。)”可知，本空应强调大脑对浪费精力的敏感性，E选项“The human brain is highly sensitive to wasted effort. (人类大脑对浪费精力非常敏感。)”能引出下文，符合题意。故选E。 3．由上文“The thing is, regular exercise to get “in shape” needs constant and considerable effort. (问题是，为了保持“体型”而进行的定期锻炼需要持续而大量的努力。)”及下文“So, your brain has a tendency to ask this question, “Is it worth it?” (所以，你的大脑倾向于问这个问题：“值得吗？”)”可知，本空应描述锻炼需要持续努力且回报不确定的情况，D选项“It is for gradual progress and uncertain rewards. (它是为了逐步的进步和不确定的回报。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选D。 4．由上文“While many species’ thought processes are limited to “Food, eat it!”, “Danger, run!”, “Pain, avoid!”, we’ve evolved beyond that.(虽然许多物种的思维过程仅限于“食物，吃掉它！”、“危险，快跑！”、“疼痛，避开！”，但我们已经超越了这一点。)”及下文“We can imagine a desirable future scenario (情况), figure out how we’d achieve it, and do just that. (我们可以想象一个理想的未来情景，弄清楚如何实现它，并付诸行动。)”可知，此处需强调大脑具备“长期目标”的能力。C选项“Our brains can form long-term goals and ambitions. (我们的大脑可以形成长期的目标和抱负。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选C。 5．由上文“As far as your brain is concerned, there are processes that discourage exercise, and processes that encourage it. (就你的大脑而言，有一些过程会阻碍锻炼，也有一些过程会鼓励锻炼。)”可知，此处需总结大脑对锻炼的两种态度，G选项“Ideally, you’ll end up putting more weight on the latter than the former. (理想情况下，你最终会把更多的权重放在后者而不是前者。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选G。 拔高预测 Passage 1 一、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 【新情境・道教水哲学传统文化】（2026 南京二模） 　　Water serves as a core cultural symbol of harmony in Chinese civilization, ___36___ (deep) rooted in Taoist philosophy and ancient myths. It is seen as ___37___ endless source of inner peace for ancient Taoist thinkers, whose works integrate water imagery ___38___ every branch of Chinese art and garden architecture. 　　Laozi, founder of Taoism, once wrote that water benefits all creatures yet never competes, ___39___ (make) it the perfect symbol of supreme virtue. Unlike rigid stone or steep mountains, water can adapt ___40___ any vessel it fills, teaching people modesty and flexibility. 　　Countless classical Chinese gardens build winding brooks___41___ (show) this Taoist wisdom. The famous motto “The highest good is like water” ___42___ (pass) down orally and in writing for thousands of years, ___43___ (carry) the spirit of harmonious coexistence between humans and nature. 　　Nowadays environmentalists draw inspiration ___44___ this ancient philosophy, calling on all citizens ___45___ (cherish) and protect global water resources. 【答案】36. deeply 37. an 38. into 39. making 40. to 41. to show 42. has been passed 43. carrying 44. from 45. to cherish 【解析】 【导语】文化说明文。解读道家老子以水喻德的哲学思想，结合古典园林实例讲述水文化对当代生态保护的启发。 【36题详解】考查副词。修饰过去分词rooted需副词，deep形容词→deeply副词，表“深刻地”。填deeply。 【37题详解】考查不定冠词。source可数名词单数表泛指；endless元音音素开头，an endless source无尽源泉。填an。 【38题详解】考查固定介词搭配。integrate A into B 将A融入B，此处指水意象融入各类传统艺术。填into。 【39题详解】考查现在分词作结果状语。前文老子的观点自然引出“水成为至善象征”这一结果，主动关系用doing。填making。 【40题详解】考查固定搭配。adapt to sth. 适应某物，固定介词短语。填to。 【41题详解】考查不定式作目的状语。修建曲折溪流的目的是展现道家思想，不定式表目的。填to show。 【42题详解】考查现在完成时被动。时间状语for thousands of years用现完；谚语是“被代代传承”，主语与pass down被动关系。填has been passed。 【43题详解】考查现在分词作伴随状语。谚语流传的同时承载共生理念，主动伴随用现在分词。填carrying。 【44题详解】考查固定搭配。draw inspiration from 从……汲取灵感。填from。 【45题详解】考查固定句式。call on sb. to do sth. 号召某人做某事，不定式作宾语补足语。填to cherish。 Passage 2 【新情境・中国天宫空间站航天科技】（2026 苏锡常镇二模） 　　China’s Tiangong space station travels around Earth at ___36___ altitude of roughly 400 kilometers. Astronauts on board carry out various experiments ___37___ (aim) at promoting global space science research. The station ___38___ (equip) with advanced lab facilities to support long-term human residence in orbit. 　　What surprises global scientists most is ___39___ efficiently all core systems of Tiangong operate. The Tianhe core module acts as living quarters and control center, while Wentian and Mengtian labs provide space ___40___ all kinds of scientific tests. 　　Since the station’s full completion in late 2022, dozens of Chinese astronauts ___41___ (stay) in orbit, ___42___ (complete) hundreds of experiments in medicine, material science and astronomy. Many overseas scientists apply___43___ cooperative research chances, eager to send their projects to Tiangong. 　　Chinese engineers continuously upgrade station hardware ___44___ (meet) future deep-space exploration demands. Tiangong fully demonstrates ___45___ powerful strength of China’s aerospace industry. 【答案】36. an 37. aiming 38. is equipped 39. how 40. for 41. have stayed 42. completing 43. for 44. to meet 45. the 【解析】 【导语】科技说明文。介绍天宫空间站轨道参数、舱段功能、在轨科研成果以及国际科研合作。 【36题详解】考查不定冠词。at an altitude of 在……高度，altitude元音音素开头。填an。 【37题详解】考查现在分词作后置定语。experiments与aim at（旨在）是主动关系，用aiming修饰名词。填aiming。 【38题详解】考查一般现在时被动。be equipped with 配备；描述空间站固有设备，常态用一般现在时被动。填is equipped。 【39题详解】考查表语从句引导词。副词how修饰副词efficiently，意为“系统运行效率有多高”。填how。 【40题详解】考查介词表用途。provide space for sth. 为实验提供场地。填for。 【41题详解】考查现在完成时。Since+过去时间点作状语，主句用现完；主语astronauts复数。填have stayed。 【42题详解】考查现在分词作结果状语。宇航员驻留空间站，随之完成大量实验，表自然而然的结果。填completing。 【43题详解】考查固定短语。apply for 申请（合作机会）。填for。 【44题详解】考查不定式作目的状语。升级设备是为满足未来深空探测需求。填to meet。 【45题详解】考查定冠词特指。strength后有后置定语of China’s aerospace industry限定，特指中国航天实力，用the。填the。 2、 阅读理解 Passage 3 【新情境・建筑艺术 】（2026山东省实验中学高三上学期一诊英语试题） Architect Liu Jiakun was awarded the 2025 Pritzker Architecture Prize on Tuesday, making him the second winner from China to earn the highest honor in the field of architecture after Wang Shu in 2012. Living in Chengdu, the capital of southwestern China’s Sichuan province, Liu’s career spans four decades and over 30 projects. He established Jiakun architects in 1999 and is devoted to creating an expansive collection of works ranging from small, beautiful museums and monuments and vast commercial buildings to master plans for cities. “The purpose of architecture is to create a beautiful, just and dignified living environment. People’s real lives, happiness and dignity are what we strive for,” says Liu. The prize’s jury statement says that “intertwining (交织) seemingly opposing things such as idealism versus everyday existence, history versus modernity, and collectivism versus individuality, Liu offers affirming architecture that celebrates the lives of ordinary citizens”. Wang, the 2012 Pritzker recipient, tells China Daily that Liu’s winning is encouraging: “His works are very local, yet modern, directly addressing the challenges facing the transformation of contemporary Chinese cities.” Wang says both he and Liu pursue contemporary architecture rooted in tradition. Many architects around the world attempt to do the same, yet their style has never become mainstream. “I believe Liu’s winning holds great significance and will resonate with those architects,” he adds. Liu’s focus on ordinary people is reflected in his largest project West Village, a five-story urban complex completed in 2015 in Chengdu. The complex includes a football field, paths for cyclists and pedestrians, and a market. The block has become a popular public space and a destination for the city’s residents to spend leisure time. Hearing the news that Liu won the Pritzker Prize, many netizens who have visited the West Village and the museums he designed expressed that his architecture reflects a precious sense of relaxation, much like the vibrant city of Chengdu itself, which is known for its giant pandas, hotpot and leisurely pace. 1．What do we know about Liu Jiakun? A．He is the first Chinese winner of the Pritzker Prize. B．His career spans 40 years with over 30 projects. C．He founded Jiakun architects in 2012 in Chengdu. D．His works only include museums and monuments. 2．What is a feature of Liu Jiakun’s architectural works? A．Pursuit of tradition-based modernity. B．Concentration on outline. C．Integration with surroundings. D．Combination with foreign styles. 3．The example of West Village is used to illustrate that ________. A．Liu Jiakun pays attention to the needs of ordinary people B．Liu Jiakun’s projects are all large-scale urban complexes C．public spaces in Chengdu are not popular among residents D．football fields are unnecessary in urban complex design 4．Which of the following words can best describe Liu Jiakun? A．Energetic and optimistic. B．Outgoing and responsible. C．Courageous and generous. D．Committed and creative. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要围绕中国建筑师刘家琨获得2025年普利兹克建筑奖展开，介绍了他的建筑生涯、理念、作品特点，以及他人对他获奖的评价和大众对他作品的感受。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Living in Chengdu, the capital of southwestern China’s Sichuan province, Liu’s career spans four decades and over 30 projects.(刘生活在中国西南部四川省的省会成都，他的职业生涯跨越了40年，参与了30多个项目。)”可知，刘的职业生涯长达40年，参与了30多个项目。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段“His works are very local, yet modern, directly addressing the challenges facing the transformation of contemporary Chinese cities.(他的作品非常本土化，但又很现代，直接解决了当代中国城市转型面临的挑战。)”和“Wang says both he and Liu pursue contemporary architecture rooted in tradition.(王说他和刘都追求植根于传统的当代建筑。)”可知，他的建筑作品的一个特点是追求以传统为基础的现代性。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Liu’s focus on ordinary people is reflected in his largest project West Village, a five-story urban complex completed in 2015 in Chengdu.(刘对普通人的关注反映在他最大的项目西村上，这是一个五层的城市综合体，于2015年在成都完工。)”可知，西村的例子是用来说明刘关注普通人的需求。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据第三段“The prize’s jury statement says that “intertwining (交织) seemingly opposing things such as idealism versus everyday existence, history versus modernity, and collectivism versus individuality, Liu offers affirming architecture that celebrates the lives of ordinary citizens”.(评委会的声明说：“刘的作品将理想主义与日常生活、历史与现代、集体主义与个性等看似对立的事物交织在一起，提供了肯定的建筑，庆祝普通公民的生活。”)”可知，他是有创造性的；根据第二段“Liu’s career spans four decades and over 30 projects(刘的职业生涯跨越了40年，参与了30多个项目)”可知，他是尽心尽力的，因此可用committed和creative来描述Liu Jiakun。故选D。 passage 4 【新情境・传统手工艺 】(25-26高三上·江苏盐城四校·第一次联考) One quiet afternoon in France in her studio, wood crafting (木工技艺) artist Hua Yong found herself watching water boil. Without thinking, she reached for her phone and refreshed the screen. At that very moment, she realized how much modern life is consumed by speed. “We are completely swept up by the fast pace of life,” she said. “It’s becoming harder to find time to unwind among the everyday chaos of life.” Hua Yong, the 2024 receiver of the Hand of Wisdom prize, a Sino-French crafts exchange program, spent two months in Paris last year, a rare stretch of uninterrupted time that allowed her to reflect on the act of creation. She began experimenting with simple geometric (几何的) forms, repeating them to create visual effects that seemed to go beyond time and space. “I thought about how to create something new from nothing, and used the highest standards of traditional Chinese craftsmanship to bring these ideas to life,” she said. “Wood crafting requires the investment of time,” she noted. Her exhibition Changing the World in Silence at Yishu 8, an art platform in Beijing, marked the highlight of a year’s reflection. Running through mid-June, the show featured 25 pieces, 11 of which were created after her Paris residency. Among the works was a vortex-like (漩涡状的) table, which drew the viewer’s mind into a different dimension. “We hope all the crafts here quietly accompany the viewers, bringing a brief mental escape and a moment of relaxation,” described Hua. “The changes in her work’s form between movement and stillness are projections of conceptual unrest,” said Su Dan, the artistic director of Hand of Wisdom, observing Hua’s shift since her return. “She has long engaged with Chinese traditional materials and been constantly thinking. Works created in such a state of reflection become models of design philosophy: They are short-lived, yet everlasting.” 1． Why did Hua Yong reach for her phone in Paragraph 1? A．She felt like taking a photo. B．She tried to have a rest among chaos. C．She intended to make a call. D．She had formed the habitual behavior. 2． What change did Hua Yong make after her Sino-French crafts exchange program? A．She integrated Sino-French wood crafts. B．She applied geometric shapes creatively. C．She shifted to rare and simple materials. D．She adopted digital techniques flexibly. 3． What do we know about the works in Changing the World in Silence? A．They relied hardly on handwork. B．They mirrored the rush of modern life. C．They featured mental relaxation. D．They were well-appreciated by viewers. 4． What does Su Dan imply about Hua Yong? A．She underwent life unrest in Paris. B．She deserted wood craft traditions. C．Her works turn out the best models. D．Her works convey a consistent idea. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了木工艺术家华雍的创作理念、巴黎经历及作品意义。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段中“One quiet afternoon in France in her studio, wood crafting (木工技艺) artist Hua Yong found herself watching water boil. Without thinking, she reached for her phone and refreshed the screen. At that very moment, she realized how much modern life is consumed by speed.(在法国工作室的一个静谧午后，木工技艺艺术家华雍发现自己正盯着煮开的水看。她想都没有想就伸手拿起手机，刷新了屏幕。就在那一刻，她意识到现代生活被速度吞噬得有多严重)”可知，华雍拿起手机是形成了习惯性行为。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Hua Yong, the 2024 receiver of the Hand of Wisdom prize, a Sino-French crafts exchange program, spent two months in Paris last year, a rare stretch of uninterrupted time that allowed her to reflect on the act of creation. She began experimenting with simple geometric (几何的) forms, repeating them to create visual effects that seemed to go beyond time and space.(华雍是2024年中法工艺交流项目“智慧之手”奖的获得者，去年她在巴黎度过了两个月难得的、不受打扰的时光，这让她得以深入思考创作行为。她开始尝试运用简单的几何形状，通过重复这些形状来创造似乎超越时空的视觉效果)”可知，华雍在巴黎驻留后创造性地运用了几何形状。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Her exhibition Changing the World in Silence at Yishu 8, an art platform in Beijing, marked the highlight of a year’s reflection. Running through mid-June, the show featured 25 pieces, 11 of which were created after her Paris residency. Among the works was a vortex-like (漩涡状的) table, which drew the viewer’s mind into a different dimension. “We hope all the crafts here quietly accompany the viewers, bringing a brief mental escape and a moment of relaxation,” described Hua.(在北京艺术平台“艺述八号”举办的《用安静改变世界》展览，是她一年思考的成果展示。展览持续到6月中旬，共展出25件作品，其中有11件是她在巴黎驻留期间之后创作的。其中有一件漩涡状的桌子，它能将观者的思绪引入另一个维度。“我们希望这里的所有工艺品都能静静地陪伴着观者，让他们在精神上短暂逃离片刻，得到片刻的放松，”华雍这样描述道)”可知，《用安静改变世界》中的作品以精神放松为特色。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“She has long engaged with Chinese traditional materials and been constantly thinking. Works created in such a state of reflection become models of design philosophy: They are short-lived, yet everlasting.(她长期接触中国传统材料，并不断思考。在这种反思状态下创作的作品成为设计理念的典范：它们短暂却永恒)”可知，苏丹暗示华雍的作品始终围绕“结合传统材料与深度思考”的理念，她的作品传达了一个始终如一的理念。故选D。 三、七选五 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 passage 5 【新情境・生物科技 / 现代农业科技】（2025雅礼中学高三模拟试卷） The Rise of Lab-Grown Meat For decades, scientists have been seeking sustainable solutions to global food shortages. 1 . Commonly known as cultured meat, this innovation grows animal muscle tissue from stem cells in controlled laboratory environments. Its emergence could revolutionize our traditional understanding of meat production. Animal-Free Meat Creation via Science The manufacturing process begins with collecting animal cells through harmless biopsies. (活组织检查) 2 . They are then placed in nutrient-rich bioreactors where they multiply and develop into muscle fibers. Surprisingly, the final product maintains the same protein content and texture as conventional meat through precise temperature control and mechanical stretching. Environmental Impacts Compared to traditional livestock (牲畜) farming, lab-grown meat shows remarkable ecological advantages. 3 . A 2024 UN report revealed that cultured meat production requires 95% less land and reduces greenhouse gas emissions by 87%. Moreover, it completely removes the need for antibiotics (抗生素) used in raising animals, addressing growing concerns about drug-resistant bacteria. 4． Despite its promise, the industry faces significant challenges. Current production costs remain way too high, with a single burger patty costing approximately $50 to produce. Consumer acceptance also presents obstacles (阻碍), as 42% of participants in a global survey expressed distrust in “test-tube meat”. Additionally, regulatory frameworks for safety standards and labeling requirements are still under development worldwide. Future Outlook Major food corporations have invested over $3 billion in cultured meat research since 2022. 5 . With Singapore already approving commercial sales and the EU planning to legalize it by 2026, industry analysts predict cultured meat could capture 10% of the global meat market by 2035. As technology advances, this scientific breakthrough may fundamentally transform our dining tables and ecosystems alike. A．Rising Production Costs B．Challenges to Mass Production C．It consumes 85% less water than regular farms D．The most promising answer lies in lab-grown meat E．These cells are carefully selected for their growth potential F．Governments should promote this eco-friendly alternative G．The huge increase in funding reflects growing confidence in it 【答案】1．D 2．E 3．C 4．B 5．G 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了实验室培育肉的相关信息，包括其出现背景、制造过程、环境影响、面临的挑战以及未来展望。 1．上文“For decades, scientists have been seeking sustainable solutions to global food shortages.（几十年来，科学家们一直在寻找解决全球粮食短缺问题的可持续方案。）”说明科学家们一直在寻找解决全球粮食短缺问题的办法，D项（最有希望的答案在于实验室培育肉）承接上文，引出了具体的解决办法，指出最有希望的解决办法是实验室培育肉，符合语境。故选D。 2．上文“The manufacturing process begins with collecting animal cells through harmless biopsies.（制造过程始于通过无害的活组织检查收集动物细胞。）”说明实验室培育肉的制造过程始于收集动物细胞，E项（这些细胞是根据它们的生长潜力精心挑选的）承接上文，进一步说明这些细胞的情况，即这些细胞是根据生长潜力精心挑选的，符合语境。故选E。 3．上文“Compared to traditional livestock (牲畜) farming, lab-grown meat shows remarkable ecological advantages.(与传统畜牧业相比，实验室培育肉显示出显著的生态优势。)”说明实验室培育肉比传统畜牧业有生态优势，C项（它的耗水量比普通农场少85%）承接上文，具体说明了其生态优势，即耗水量少，符合语境。故选C。 4．空处为段落小标题，根据下文“Despite its promise, the industry faces significant challenges. Current production costs remain way too high, with a single burger patty costing approximately $50 to produce. Consumer acceptance also presents obstacles (阻碍), as 42% of participants in a global survey expressed distrust in “test-tube meat”. Additionally, regulatory frameworks for safety standards and labeling requirements are still under development worldwide.(尽管前景光明，但该行业仍面临重大挑战。目前的生产成本仍然太高，一个汉堡肉饼的生产成本约为50美元。消费者接受度也存在障碍，因为在一项全球调查中，42%的参与者表示不信任“试管肉”。此外，全球范围内仍在制定安全标准和标签要求的监管框架。)”可知，本段主要介绍了实验室培育肉在实现大规模生产方面面临的挑战。B项（大规模生产的挑战）概括了本段内容，适合作为段落小标题。故选B。 5．上文“Major food corporations have invested over $3 billion in cultured meat research since 2022.(自2022年以来，主要食品公司已在实验室培育肉研究上投资超过30亿美元。)”说明主要食品公司在实验室培育肉研究上投入了大量资金，G项（资金的巨大增长反映了人们对它的信心日益增强）承接上文，说明了这一投入的意义，即资金的巨大增长反映了人们对实验室培育肉的信心日益增强，符合语境。故选G。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 17 / 32 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $