晨读背诵 Unit 8 Once upon a Time（配套word）-【全效学习】2024-2025学年七年级下册英语（人教版·新教材）浙江专版

该初中英语知识清单围绕Unit 8 "Once upon a Time"主题，系统梳理Section A和Section B的核心内容。从基础词汇（如bite, promise, search等）、单词变形（过去式、分词、反义词等）、短语归纳（如promise to do sth, search for）到重点句型（感叹句、"by+doing"结构等），逐步过渡到故事阅读（《石壕吏》《夸父逐日》英文版本），构建从语言基础到文化应用的学习支架。 知识链路按"词汇巩固-单词变形-短语归纳-句型解析-故事阅读"逻辑清晰呈现，助力语言能力提升。融入中国传统故事英文版本，增强文化意识，培养跨文化认知。金句积累与句型解析结合，促进思维品质发展，帮助学生分析句子结构和逻辑，实现语言知识与文化理解的综合应用。

Unit 8　Once upon a Time Section　A 词汇巩固 1.upon prep.在……上 2.once upon a time 从前;很久以前 3.bite v.咬;咬伤 4.bite through 咬穿 5.net n.网;网状物 6.hunter n.猎人;搜寻者 7.promise v.承诺;保证 n.承诺;诺言 8.long ago 很久以前 9.war n.战争 10.neighbour n.邻居 11.wise adj.明智的;高明的 12.emperor n.皇帝 13.lie v.撒谎 n.谎言 14.pretend v.假装;伪装 15.official n.官员;高级职员 16.silly adj.愚蠢的;傻的 17.decide v.决定 18.praise v.& n.赞美;表扬 19.afraid adj.害怕的;担心的 20.suddenly adv.突然地;出乎意料地 21.at first 起初;最初 22.truth n.真相;事实 23.tell the truth 说实话 24.make money 赚钱 25.true adj.符合事实的;真正的 26.hate v.不喜欢;厌恶;讨厌 27.get out 逃脱;离开 28.king n.君主;国王 29.artist n.美术家;艺术家 30.quickly adv.快速地;很快 31.smile v.微笑 n.微笑;笑容 32.all over 到处;遍及 单词变形 1.bite(v.)→bit(过去式)→biting(现在分词)咬;咬伤 2.neighbour(n.)→neighbourhood(n.)街区;城区 3.wise(adj.)→silly(反义词)愚蠢的;傻的 4.lie(v.)→lied(过去式)→lying(现在分词)撒谎 5.decide(v.)→decision(n.)决定 6.true(adj.)→truth(n.)真相;事实 7.hate(v.)→dislike(近义词)不喜欢;厌恶 8.art(n.)→artist(n.)美术家;艺术家 9.quick(adj.)→quickly(adv.)快速地;很快 10.sudden(adj.)→suddenly(adv.)突然地;出乎意料地 短语归纳 1.share sth with sb 与某人分享某物/事 2.bite through the net 咬穿网 3.catch the mouse 抓老鼠 4.promise to do sth 承诺做某事 5.join the war 参军 6.turn out 结果是…… 7.look silly 看起来很傻 8.be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事 9.look at one another 对视 10.lie to sb 对某人说谎 11.tell funny stories to my friends 给我的朋友讲有趣的故事 12.paint him a horse 给他画一匹马 13.make me wait so long 让我等这么久 金句积累 1.He bit through the net and set the lion free! 他(老鼠)咬穿了网,放走了狮子! 2.I like that story. Kindness is never wasted. 我喜欢那个故事。善有善报。 3.Unlucky things may turn out well. And good things could go wrong too. 不幸的事可能会转好,好事也有可能变成坏事。 4.We can make a lot of money by lying to the emperor. 我们可以通过欺骗国王来赚很多钱。 5.—Did you read Little Women for English class? 你在英语课上读过《小妇人》吗? —Yes, I did. It is a great book./No, I didn’t. We chose a different book. 是的,我读了。这是一本好书。/不,我没有。我们选了一本不同的书。 6.Usually, people feel sad when they lose something. But the farmer in the story didn’t feel sad when he lost his horse. 通常,人们在失去某些东西时会伤心。但是故事中的农夫在失去他的马时没有难过。 1.We can make a lot of money by lying to the emperor. 我们可以通过欺骗国王来赚很多钱。 (1)make money意为“赚钱”,可以指通过工作得到钱(工资)、通过变卖物品得到钱(盈利)或通过投资得到钱。 其他与money相关的短语还有: earn money 赚钱 save money 存钱 inherit money 继承财产 borrow money from sb/sp 从某人/某地借钱 (2)介词短语“by+现在分词(-ing)”用来表达方式、方法,意为“通过做某事”,常用来回答How do you …?或How can I …?等问句。 by的其他用法还有: 表示位置,意为“在……旁边;靠近……”。如: He lives by the sea. 他住在海边。 表示交通方式,意为“乘坐”。如: We go there by train. 我们坐火车去那里。 表示时间,意为“在……以前;不迟于……”。如: My mother came back by 6:00 p.m. 我妈妈在晚上六点前回来了。 表示施动者,意为“被;由”。如: The book was written by a well-known writer. 这本书由一名著名作家所写。 (3)lie作不及物动词,意为“撒谎”。常用短语:lie to sb about sth意为“对某人就某事/物撒谎”。 lie还可作可数名词,意为“谎言”。常用短语:tell a lie意为“说谎”;其反义短语:tell the truth意为“说实话”。 2.Why do you think the lion laughed when the mouse promised to help him? 当老鼠答应帮助狮子时,你认为狮子为什么会笑? (1)laugh作动词,意为“笑;发笑”。常用搭配:laugh at意为“嘲笑”。 注意区别laugh和smile: laugh指因喜悦、愉快或轻视而出声的笑或大笑,程度比smile深。smile作动词,意为“微笑”,指面露微笑,侧重于无声,表达满足感和善意。常用搭配:smile at意为“对……微笑”。 (2)promise作动词,意为“承诺;保证”。promise to do sth意为“承诺做某事”。 promise的其他用法还有: promise sb意为“向某人保证”。如: I want you to promise me. 我想让你向我保证。 promise sb sth=promise sth to sb意为“向某人承诺某事/物”。如: He promised his grandchildren the money. =He promised the money to his grandchildren. 他承诺给孙子孙女们这笔钱。 promise sb to do sth意为“向某人保证做某事”。如: I promise you to work hard at school. 我向你保证在学校努力学习。 3.The emperor decided to show everyone his new clothes. 皇帝决定向每个人展示他的新衣服。 decide作动词,意为“决定”。decide to do sth意为“决定做某事”。 decide的其他用法还有: (1)decide on/upon (doing) sth意为“决定(做)某事”。如: We’re still trying to decide on/upon a place. 我们仍然在设法选定一个地点。 (2)decide+特殊疑问词+to do sth意为“决定……做某事”。如: I can’t decide what to wear. 我拿不定主意穿什么。 (3)decide的名词形式decision意为“决定”。常用结构:make a decision/decisions to do sth=decide to do sth=make up one’s mind to do sth意为“下定决心做某事”。 Section　B 词汇巩固 1.ugly adj.丑陋的;难看的 2.duckling n.小鸭子 3.real adj.真的;真正的 4.laugh at 嘲笑 5.go away 走开 6.search v.寻找;搜寻 7.search for 寻找 8.hen n.母鸡 9.hopefully adv.有希望地 10.purr v.(猫愉快时)发出呜呜声 11.lay v.下(蛋);放置;搁 12.swan n.天鹅 13.feather n.羽毛 14.to sb’s surprise 出乎某人的意料 15.size n.大小;尺寸 16.believe v.相信;认为 17.only if 只有 18.fisherman n.渔夫 19.fishing n.钓鱼;捕鱼 20.come out 出现;盛开 21.genie n.妖怪;鬼 22.die v.死亡;消失 23.make a promise 许下诺言 24.someone pron.某人;有人 25.set v.使处于某种状态;使开始 26.set … free 释放 27.rich adj.富有的;富含……的 28.powerful adj.强大的;有影响力的 29.anyone pron.任何人;某个人 30.instead of 而不是;代替 31.succeed in doing sth 成功做成某事 32.himself pron.他自己;他本人 33.in the end 最后;终究 单词变形 1.real(adj.)→really(adv.)非常;确实;真正地 2.hopeful(adj.)→hopefully(adv.)有希望地 3.lay(v.)→laid(过去式)下(蛋);放置;搁 4.fisherman(n.)→fishermen(pl.)渔夫 5.die(v.)→died(过去式)→dying(现在分词)死亡;消失→death(n.)死;死亡→dead(adj.)死的;失去生命的 6.set(v.)→set(过去式)→setting(现在分词)使处于某种状况;使开始 7.rich(adj.)→poor(反义词)不好的;贫穷的;可怜的 8.power(n.)→powerful(adj.)强大的;有影响力的 9.succeed(v.)→success(n.)成功;胜利→successful(adj.)获得成功的;有成就的→successfully(adv.)成功地 10.he(主格)→him(宾格)→his(名词性/形容词性物主代词)→himself(反身代词)他自己;他本人 短语归纳 1.tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做某事 2.search for a new home 寻找一个新家 3.live with them 和他们一起生活 4.stay with sb 和某人待在一起 5.lay eggs 下蛋 6.look down 向下看 7.be similar to 与……相似 8.animals with special skills 有特殊技能的动物 9.take place 发生;进行 金句积累 1.At the river, the ugly duckling swam well, just like all the other ducklings. 丑小鸭在河里游得很好,就像其他小鸭子一样。 2.They did not like him because he could not purr or lay eggs! 他们不喜欢他(丑小鸭),因为他既不会发出猫的呜呜声,也不会下蛋! 3.There, he saw three beautiful swans with long necks and white feathers. 在那里,他看到了三只美丽的天鹅,他们有长长的脖子和白色的羽毛。 4.The duckling looked down, and to his surprise, he saw that he was a beautiful white swan too! 丑小鸭向下看,让他惊讶的是,他看到自己也是一只美丽的白天鹅! 5.You cannot live with us because you’re too ugly! 你不能和我们一起生活,因为你太丑了! 6.If anyone set me free, I would kill them instead of giving them anything. 如果有任何人把我释放了,我就会杀了他们,而不是给他们什么东西。 7.Short stories can hold big ideas. 短故事也可以蕴含大智慧。 1.It made the poor duckling very sad, so he decided to search for a new home. 这让可怜的小鸭子非常难过,所以他决定去寻找一个新家。 search作动词,意为“寻找;搜寻”。常用搭配:search for意为“寻找”。 search的其他用法还有: (1)search+sp,表示“搜查某地”。如: Firefighters searched the whole buildings. 消防员搜查了整座建筑物。 (2)search+sb,表示“搜某人的身”。如: The policeman searched the visitors as they entered the building. 警察对进入大楼的旅客进行搜身。 2.What an ugly duckling! 多么丑陋的小鸭子啊! “What+a/an+adj.+单数可数名词(+主语+谓语)!”是感叹句的结构,感叹句一般用来表达说话时的喜悦、惊讶等情感。 其他感叹句的结构还有: (1)What+adj.+复数可数名词(+主语+谓语)!如: What beautiful flowers (they are)! 多么漂亮的花啊! (2)What+adj.+不可数名词(+主语+谓语)!如: What excellent advice! 多好的建议啊! (3)How+adj.(+主语+谓语)!如: How interesting the story is! 多么有趣的故事啊! (4)How+adv.(+主语+谓语)!如: How slowly he walks! 他走得多慢啊! 3.But the other ducklings still laughed at him and told him to go away. 但是其他小鸭子仍然嘲笑他(丑小鸭)并叫他离开。 tell作动词,意为“告诉;告知”。常用结构:tell sb to do sth意为“告诉某人做某事”。 注意区别tell, speak, say和talk tell vt.“告诉;告知”,强调讲给别人听 tell sb sth告诉某人某事 tell sb about sth 告诉某人有关某事 speak vi.“讲话;发言”,指说话的能力 speak to sb与某人讲话 vt.“说(某种语言)” speak Japanese讲日语 say vt.“说(强调说话的内容);(某处)写有” say sth to sb 对某人说某事 a notice saying … 写着……的告示 talk vi.“谈话;谈论;交谈”,强调与人交谈 talk to/with sb 与某人交谈 talk about sth谈论某事 n.交谈 a face-to-face talk 一次面对面的交谈 The Officers at Shihao Du Fu was one of the most famous poets in the world. One day, he passed Shihao Village. It was very late. So he went to a poor family to stay for the night. In the middle of the night, there was a sharp knock on the door. Du Fu listened quietly and heard the old man next door run away. And the old woman answered and opened the door. In the room came some officers. They shouted loudly and asked the old woman, “Where is your man?” The old woman said sadly, “My three children have gone to Yecheng to fight. Just two days ago, one of my sons wrote to me. He said that both of his brothers had lost their lives. There was only a daughter-in-law and a little grandchild. Who else do you want?” The old woman asked the officers to leave. But they still didn’t give up.  In the end, the officers took the old woman away. In the morning, Du Fu left the house. The old man was the only one to see him off. Seeing this sad man with his own eyes, Du Fu felt sad, so he wrote a poem about it, called The Officers at Shihao.  Kuafu Chasing the Sun Long long ago, there was a giant. His name was Kuafu. He was a strong and brave man. One year, the weather was very hot. The people were suffering from the sun. Kuafu decided to do something to help. He wanted to take the sun down from the sky and tame it. The sun moved in the sky, while Kuafu ran after it quickly, like wind on the ground. When he shook off the dust in his shoes, the dust became a hill.  He finally caught up with the sun after nine days and nights. However, the sun was so hot that he felt thirsty. He went to the Yellow River and the Wei River to drink water. But the water from these two rivers was not enough for him to drink. He had to go and look for more water. Kuafu wasn’t able to get there, and he died on the way.  Before his death, Kuafu threw his walking stick away. It fell off and grew into a peach forest. The hard-working people could eat peaches every year. Kuafu’s spirit keeps inspiring the Chinese people.  石壕吏 杜甫是世界上最著名的诗人之一。有一天,他路过石壕村。当时天色已晚。于是,他来到一户贫苦人家借宿。半夜,传来一阵急促的敲门声。杜甫静静地听着,听到隔壁的老人跑了。老妇人应声开门。 几个官兵走进了房间。他们大声喝问老妇人,“你家的男人在哪里?”老妇人悲伤地说:“我的三个孩子都去邺城打仗了。就在两天前,我的一个儿子写信给我。他说他的两个兄弟都牺牲了。只有一个儿媳和一个小孙子。你还想要谁?”老妇人请官兵们离开。但他们仍不罢休。 最后,官兵们把老妇人带走了。早上,杜甫离开了这户人家。只有老人送他。杜甫亲眼看到这个悲惨的老人,心里很难过,于是写了一首诗,叫《石壕吏》。 夸父逐日 很久以前,有一个巨人。他的名字叫夸父。他是一个强壮勇敢的人。 有一年,天气非常炎热。人们被太阳晒得苦不堪言。夸父决定帮忙做点什么。他想把太阳从天上摘下来,驯服它。 太阳在天空中移动,夸父则像风一样在地上快速追赶。当他抖掉鞋上的灰尘时,灰尘变成了一座小山。 历经九天九夜,他终于追上了太阳。可是,太阳太热了,夸父感到口渴。他到黄河和渭河去喝水。但这两条河的水都不够他喝。他不得不去寻找更多的水。夸父没能到达那里,死在了路上。 临死前,夸父扔掉了他的拐杖。拐杖掉在地上,长成了一片桃林。勤劳的人们每年都能吃到桃子。夸父的精神一直激励着中国人民。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $