新课4 必修第一册 Unit 1 Teenage Life（语法+写作讲义）（人教版）英语初升高衔接

人教版必修一Unit 1 Teenage Life（语法+写作） 目录 单元语法：名词短语、形容词短语、副词短语 写作聚焦：写作指导、建议信 学以致用：巩固提升，全面突破 单元语法 一、名词短语（NP）（Noun Phrase） 指以一个名词为中心构成的短语,在句中的功能相当于名词。名词短语通常是由名词及其修饰语构成。 （一）名词短语的组成 1.前置定语+名词 作前置定语的主要有： 限定词、名词所有格、数词、形容词、名词、单个的分词或动名词等。 限定词包括： 冠词 (a/an/the ) 指示代(this/that/these/those) 物主代(my/your/his/her/their) 不定代(some/no/neither/both) The online shop sells children’s and men’s shoes at a very low price. 网店以低廉的价格销售儿童和男士的鞋子。 Our school has fifty-six women teachers. 我们学校有56个女教师。 The sleeping child is his son. 正在睡觉的孩子是他的儿子. The fallen leaves are like a thick blanket on the ground. 落叶像一层厚厚的毯子盖在地上。 2.名词+ 后置定语 作后置定语的主要有： 介词短语、分词、不定式等。 If you don’t know the way to the science museum, here is a map of the city. 如果你不知道去科技博物馆的路，这是城市地图。 There are some boys playing basketball over there. 有一些男孩正在那边打篮球。 The problem discussed yesterday has been solved. 昨天讨论的问题被解决了。 （二）名词短语的功能 名词短语在句中当作名词用，一般用作主语、宾语、表语或宾语补足语。 功能 示例句子 解析 主语 The houses built last year are for teachers. 去年建的房子是给老师的。 宾语 Jack’s mother can’t attend the parents’ meeting. 杰克的妈妈不能参加家长会。 表语 He was the best man to do the job. 他是做这项工作的最佳人选。 宾补 We made Tom our group leader. 我们选汤姆当组长。 二．形容词短语（AdjP）（Adjective Phrase） 指以一个形容词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于形容词。形容词短语通常是由形容词及其修饰语构成。 （1） 形容词短语的组成 1.副词+形容词 注意：enough修饰形容词，放在所修饰的形容词之后。 The little boy is very /quite/ really clever. 这个小男孩很/真的聪明。 I’m terribly sorry. 我非常抱歉。 Tom is much more friendly. 汤姆更友好。 This coat was much too expensive.这件大衣太贵了。 This movie wasn’t interesting enough. 这部电影不足够有趣。 You can’t be careful enough. 你怎么小心也不为过。 2. 形容词+介词短语 His face was white with anger. 他的脸气得发白。 The bottle is full of water. 瓶子里装满了水。 3. 形容词+不定式短语 He is sure to come. 他一定会来的。 He is eager to see his parents. 他急切地想见到父母。 （二）形容词短语的功能 形容词短语在句中当作形容词用，一般可用作定语（修饰名词或代词）、表语、宾语补足语或状语。 1. 作定语 My little sister is a very curious girl and she always asks me strange questions. 我的小妹妹是一个好奇心强的女孩，她总是问我奇怪的问题。 Tom is a student always ready to help others. 汤姆是个学生，总是乐于助人。 2. 作表语 Robot is so busy that he even has no time to stay with his children at weekends. 罗伯特如此忙,以至于周末他没有时间和孩子待在一起。 He can't do anything, he's completely good for nothing!他什么都干不了，一点也没用。 3. 作宾补 Helping others makes us very proud. 帮助别人使我们非常自豪。 I find the book easy to understand.我发现这本书很好懂。 4. 作状语 After the long journey, the three of them went back home, hungry and tired. 长途旅行后他们三人回家了，又累又饿。 Curious enough，Danny opened the box to see what was in it. 出于好奇，丹尼打开了那只盒子，想看看里面是什么。 三．副词短语（AdvP）（Adverbial Phrase） 指以一个副词为中心构成的短语,在句中的功能相当于副词。副词短语通常是由副词及其修饰语构成。 （1） 副词短语的组成 副词+副词 注意：very ,quite, extremely等程度副词修饰副词时，放在所修饰的副词之前；enough修饰副词时，放在所修饰的副词之后。 He runs very quickly.他跑的很快。 You are speaking too fast. Can you speak a little more slowly?你说得太快了，你能说慢一点儿吗？ You speak clearly enough. I can follow you. 你讲得足够清楚，我能听懂。 （2） 副词短语的功能 1.修饰动词 He speaks English quite fluently. 他英语说得很流利。 2.修饰形容词 The instructions on the box are really very confusing.盒子上的使用说明令人费解。 3.修饰副词 The fire spread far too fast.大火蔓延得太快了。 4.修饰句子 Luckily enough, we won the first prize for the competition. 足够幸运的是，我们获得了比赛的第一名。 总之，短语是英语中较大的词块,灵活地掌握词块,对丰富学生的词汇量,提高学生的阅读和写作水平会起到事半功倍的作用。 写作聚焦 建议信 (Letter of Advice) 一、 写作指导 文体特征：针对收信人的问题提出合理化建议，语气需和缓、真诚，具有说服力。 1. 基本框架 (Structure) 1. 开头 (Introduction)：开门见山，表明写信目的，表达关心或安慰。 2. 主体 (Body)：分析问题原因，分条陈述建议（Reasons + Suggestions）。 3. 结尾 (Conclusion)：重申观点，表达希望或祝福。 2. 注意事项 · 换位思考：语气委婉，避免命令口吻（多用 could, should, suggest）。 · 有理有据：给出建议的同时简要说明理由。 · 条理清晰：使用连接词 (First, Besides, Finally) 增强逻辑性。 二、 高分语料库 (Language Bank) 【常用句型】 · 提建议： · I think it would be a good idea if... (如果……我认为这是个好主意) · In my opinion, it would be wise to... (依我看，做……是明智的) · I suggest that you (should)... / I advise you to... · Why not...? / How about...? · If I were you, I would... · 精彩开头： · I’m glad to receive your letter asking for my advice on... · I know you are having trouble with..., and here are some tips to help you. · 有力结尾： · I hope you will find these suggestions useful. · I believe that if you follow my advice, things will get better. 三、 典例详析 题目：假设你是李华，美国朋友 Jenny 刚入高中，因不适应环境、不知如何交友而情绪低落。请回信安慰并提出建议：1. 邀请同学参加活动；2. 互相帮助。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Step 1: 审题与要点翻译 · 安慰：You don’t have to worry too much. · 建议1：Invite classmates to activities → understand each other better. · 建议2：Help those in trouble. Step 2: 词句升级 · 原句：Your classmates face the same problem. So don't worry. · 升级：Your classmates are facing the same problem, so you don’t have to worry too much. (因果连接) · 原句：Invite them to activities. It helps understanding. · 升级：Try to invite your classmates to take part in activities, which will help you understand each other better. (定语从句) Step 3: 范文展示 Dear Jenny, I am sorry to hear that you feel bad after entering high school. As far as I know, your classmates are facing the same problem, so you don’t have to worry too much about it. Here are some suggestions to help you. First, try to invite your classmates to take part in some activities together, which will help you understand each other better by communicating with them. Besides, it is a good way to make friends if you offer help to students who are in trouble. Mutual help builds trust. I do hope you will find my suggestions useful. Looking forward to your good news. Yours sincerely, Li Hua \学以致用 一、写出画线处的短语类型 1. We have a much better life now. 2. Even worse, the amount of fast food goes up. 3. She types quickly and correctly. 4. Interested in their work, she picked up scissors. 5. Eager to improve farming conditions, they tried new crops. 6. The festival is one of the four largest ice and snow festivals. 7. Young people never willingly let creativity be limited. 8. The widespread recognition of Western holidays is harmful. 9. We are far more productive at work. 10. He can finish that much quicker. 三、写作训练 情境：你的朋友 John 沉迷抖音 (DouYin)，无法自拔。请给他写一封建议信。 内容要求： 1. 表示理解和关心； 2. 指出沉迷的危害（如影响精力、注意力）； 3. 提出具体建议（如限制时间、培养其他兴趣）。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 / 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 人教版必修一Unit 1 Teenage Life（语法+写作） 目录 单元语法：名词短语、形容词短语、副词短语 写作聚焦：写作指导、建议信 学以致用：巩固提升，全面突破 单元语法 一、名词短语（NP）（Noun Phrase） 指以一个名词为中心构成的短语,在句中的功能相当于名词。名词短语通常是由名词及其修饰语构成。 （一）名词短语的组成 1.前置定语+名词 作前置定语的主要有： 限定词、名词所有格、数词、形容词、名词、单个的分词或动名词等。 限定词包括： 冠词 (a/an/the ) 指示代(this/that/these/those) 物主代(my/your/his/her/their) 不定代(some/no/neither/both) The online shop sells children’s and men’s shoes at a very low price. 网店以低廉的价格销售儿童和男士的鞋子。 Our school has fifty-six women teachers. 我们学校有56个女教师。 The sleeping child is his son. 正在睡觉的孩子是他的儿子. The fallen leaves are like a thick blanket on the ground. 落叶像一层厚厚的毯子盖在地上。 2.名词+ 后置定语 作后置定语的主要有： 介词短语、分词、不定式等。 If you don’t know the way to the science museum, here is a map of the city. 如果你不知道去科技博物馆的路，这是城市地图。 There are some boys playing basketball over there. 有一些男孩正在那边打篮球。 The problem discussed yesterday has been solved. 昨天讨论的问题被解决了。 （二）名词短语的功能 名词短语在句中当作名词用，一般用作主语、宾语、表语或宾语补足语。 功能 示例句子 解析 主语 The houses built last year are for teachers. 去年建的房子是给老师的。 宾语 Jack’s mother can’t attend the parents’ meeting. 杰克的妈妈不能参加家长会。 表语 He was the best man to do the job. 他是做这项工作的最佳人选。 宾补 We made Tom our group leader. 我们选汤姆当组长。 二．形容词短语（AdjP）（Adjective Phrase） 指以一个形容词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于形容词。形容词短语通常是由形容词及其修饰语构成。 （1） 形容词短语的组成 1.副词+形容词 注意：enough修饰形容词，放在所修饰的形容词之后。 The little boy is very /quite/ really clever. 这个小男孩很/真的聪明。 I’m terribly sorry. 我非常抱歉。 Tom is much more friendly. 汤姆更友好。 This coat was much too expensive.这件大衣太贵了。 This movie wasn’t interesting enough. 这部电影不足够有趣。 You can’t be careful enough. 你怎么小心也不为过。 2. 形容词+介词短语 His face was white with anger. 他的脸气得发白。 The bottle is full of water. 瓶子里装满了水。 3. 形容词+不定式短语 He is sure to come. 他一定会来的。 He is eager to see his parents. 他急切地想见到父母。 （二）形容词短语的功能 形容词短语在句中当作形容词用，一般可用作定语（修饰名词或代词）、表语、宾语补足语或状语。 1. 作定语 My little sister is a very curious girl and she always asks me strange questions. 我的小妹妹是一个好奇心强的女孩，她总是问我奇怪的问题。 Tom is a student always ready to help others. 汤姆是个学生，总是乐于助人。 2. 作表语 Robot is so busy that he even has no time to stay with his children at weekends. 罗伯特如此忙,以至于周末他没有时间和孩子待在一起。 He can't do anything, he's completely good for nothing!他什么都干不了，一点也没用。 3. 作宾补 Helping others makes us very proud. 帮助别人使我们非常自豪。 I find the book easy to understand.我发现这本书很好懂。 4. 作状语 After the long journey, the three of them went back home, hungry and tired. 长途旅行后他们三人回家了，又累又饿。 Curious enough，Danny opened the box to see what was in it. 出于好奇，丹尼打开了那只盒子，想看看里面是什么。 三．副词短语（AdvP）（Adverbial Phrase） 指以一个副词为中心构成的短语,在句中的功能相当于副词。副词短语通常是由副词及其修饰语构成。 （1） 副词短语的组成 副词+副词 注意：very ,quite, extremely等程度副词修饰副词时，放在所修饰的副词之前；enough修饰副词时，放在所修饰的副词之后。 He runs very quickly.他跑的很快。 You are speaking too fast. Can you speak a little more slowly?你说得太快了，你能说慢一点儿吗？ You speak clearly enough. I can follow you. 你讲得足够清楚，我能听懂。 （2） 副词短语的功能 1.修饰动词 He speaks English quite fluently. 他英语说得很流利。 2.修饰形容词 The instructions on the box are really very confusing.盒子上的使用说明令人费解。 3.修饰副词 The fire spread far too fast.大火蔓延得太快了。 4.修饰句子 Luckily enough, we won the first prize for the competition. 足够幸运的是，我们获得了比赛的第一名。 总之，短语是英语中较大的词块,灵活地掌握词块,对丰富学生的词汇量,提高学生的阅读和写作水平会起到事半功倍的作用。 写作聚焦 建议信 (Letter of Advice) 一、 写作指导 文体特征：针对收信人的问题提出合理化建议，语气需和缓、真诚，具有说服力。 1. 基本框架 (Structure) 1. 开头 (Introduction)：开门见山，表明写信目的，表达关心或安慰。 2. 主体 (Body)：分析问题原因，分条陈述建议（Reasons + Suggestions）。 3. 结尾 (Conclusion)：重申观点，表达希望或祝福。 2. 注意事项 · 换位思考：语气委婉，避免命令口吻（多用 could, should, suggest）。 · 有理有据：给出建议的同时简要说明理由。 · 条理清晰：使用连接词 (First, Besides, Finally) 增强逻辑性。 二、 高分语料库 (Language Bank) 【常用句型】 · 提建议： · I think it would be a good idea if... (如果……我认为这是个好主意) · In my opinion, it would be wise to... (依我看，做……是明智的) · I suggest that you (should)... / I advise you to... · Why not...? / How about...? · If I were you, I would... · 精彩开头： · I’m glad to receive your letter asking for my advice on... · I know you are having trouble with..., and here are some tips to help you. · 有力结尾： · I hope you will find these suggestions useful. · I believe that if you follow my advice, things will get better. 三、 典例详析 题目：假设你是李华，美国朋友 Jenny 刚入高中，因不适应环境、不知如何交友而情绪低落。请回信安慰并提出建议：1. 邀请同学参加活动；2. 互相帮助。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Step 1: 审题与要点翻译 · 安慰：You don’t have to worry too much. · 建议1：Invite classmates to activities → understand each other better. · 建议2：Help those in trouble. Step 2: 词句升级 · 原句：Your classmates face the same problem. So don't worry. · 升级：Your classmates are facing the same problem, so you don’t have to worry too much. (因果连接) · 原句：Invite them to activities. It helps understanding. · 升级：Try to invite your classmates to take part in activities, which will help you understand each other better. (定语从句) Step 3: 范文展示 Dear Jenny, I am sorry to hear that you feel bad after entering high school. As far as I know, your classmates are facing the same problem, so you don’t have to worry too much about it. Here are some suggestions to help you. First, try to invite your classmates to take part in some activities together, which will help you understand each other better by communicating with them. Besides, it is a good way to make friends if you offer help to students who are in trouble. Mutual help builds trust. I do hope you will find my suggestions useful. Looking forward to your good news. Yours sincerely, Li Hua \学以致用 一、写出画线处的短语类型 1. We have a much better life now. 2. Even worse, the amount of fast food goes up. 3. She types quickly and correctly. 4. Interested in their work, she picked up scissors. 5. Eager to improve farming conditions, they tried new crops. 6. The festival is one of the four largest ice and snow festivals. 7. Young people never willingly let creativity be limited. 8. The widespread recognition of Western holidays is harmful. 9. We are far more productive at work. 10. He can finish that much quicker. 【答案】 1. 名词短语 (作宾语) 2. 副词短语 (作状语，修饰全句) 3. 副词短语 (作状语，修饰动词) 4. 形容词短语 (作状语，表示原因/状态) 5. 形容词短语 (作状语，表示原因) 6. 名词短语 (作介词宾语) 7. 副词短语 (作状语，修饰动词 let) 8. 名词短语 (作主语) 9. 形容词短语 (作表语) 10. 副词短语 (作状语，修饰动词 finish) 三、写作训练 情境：你的朋友 John 沉迷抖音 (DouYin)，无法自拔。请给他写一封建议信。 内容要求： 1. 表示理解和关心； 2. 指出沉迷的危害（如影响精力、注意力）； 3. 提出具体建议（如限制时间、培养其他兴趣）。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【参考范文】 Dear John, I’m more than sorry to know that you are addicted to DouYin, and I am very worried about you. I’m writing to share my concerns and offer some advice. What you should realize is that spending too much time on short videos can make you exhausted and unable to concentrate in class. Therefore, limiting screen time is necessary. I suggest that you set a timer for daily usage. Additionally, why not develop other interests, such as reading or running? These activities can help you relax in a healthier way. Hopefully, these suggestions will be helpful. I believe you can get back on track soon. Yours, Li Hua 【亮点解析】 · 句式多样：使用了 What you should realize is that... (主语从句) 和 I suggest that... (虚拟语气/建议句型)。 · 逻辑清晰：使用 Therefore, Additionally 连接建议，层次分明。 · 语气得体：开头表达担忧，结尾给予鼓励，符合朋友间的交流语境。 1 / 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $