Welcome Unit 单元语法（句子成分和基本句型）-2026-2027学年高中英语必修第一册（人教版）

**基本信息** 聚焦句子成分识别与基本句型判断，通过选择与匹配题型构建语法基础认知体系，助力语言能力与思维品质提升。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |句子成分识别|30题（1-30）|以选择题考查主语、谓语等成分识别，涵盖简单句与复杂句|从具体成分（如主语、表语）到成分间关系，构建语法要素认知| |基本句型判断|20题（31-50）|匹配8类基本句型，需分析句子结构类型|从成分识别过渡到整体句型归纳，形成“成分-结构”逻辑链条|

学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Welcome Unit单元语法 句子成分和基本句型 一、单项选择 1．Talking to him is a mistake.  划线部分的成分是 A．主语 B．表语 C．宾语 D．宾补 【答案】B 【详解】考查句子成分。句意：和他说话是个错误。分析句子结构可知，本句中，Talking to him为动名词作主语； is为系动词； a mistake为名词作表语。故选B项。 2．The weather is very nice today.  划线部分的成分是 A．主语 B．谓语 C．宾语 D．宾补 【答案】B 【详解】考查句子成分。句意：今天天气很好。“The weather”是句子的主体，表示所谈论的对象，是主语；“is”是表示主语状态的系动词，为谓语；“very nice”是对主语“The weather”状态的描述，作表语；“today”是时间状语。划线词is在句中作谓语。故选B。 3．He is an honest student. A．主语 B．谓语 C．宾语 D．定语 【答案】D 【详解】考查句子成分。句意：他是一名诚实的学生。honest为形容词作定语。故选D。 4．What’s the subject complement in the sentence “The door was painted white.”? A．The door B．was painted C．white D．None of them 【答案】C 【详解】考查句子成分。句意：门被漆成了白色。在被动语态句中，对主语进行补充说明的是主语补足语。此句“The door was painted white.”中，“The door”是主语，“was painted”是谓语，“white”用于补充说明主语“The door”被漆成的颜色，所以主语补足语是“white”。故选C。 5．You wrote you are very worried about your friend. A．N. P B．Adj. P C．Adv. P 【答案】B 【详解】考查句子成分。句意：你写信说你很担心你的朋友。very worried about your friend“担心你的朋友”，为形容词短语，位于are后，作表语。故选B。 6．It is not unusual for teenagers of your generation to be attracted to computer games. A．主语 B．宾语 C．宾补 D．状语 【答案】A 【详解】考查句子成分。句意：你们这一代的青少年被电脑游戏吸引并不罕见。分析句子可知，这里考查固定句型it is adj. for sb to do sth，表“做某事对于某人来说是...”，本句中it作形式主语，而不定式to be attracted to computer games为逻辑主语。故选A项。 7．I found an old man walking his dog in the park all the afternoon. (    ) A．S＋V＋O＋P＋A B．S＋V＋O＋A＋C C．S＋V＋O＋C＋A D．S＋V＋P+O＋A 【答案】C 【详解】考查句子结构。句意：我发现一位老人整个下午都在公园遛狗。主语为I，谓语为found，an old man为宾语，walking his dog为现在分词短语作宾语补足语，in the park all the afternoon为地点和时间状语。故选C。 8．You should register before Friday. 划线部分成分是_______ A．主语 B．谓语 C．宾语 D．状语 【答案】D 【详解】考查句子结构。句意：你应该在星期五之前登记。句中before Friday是时间状语，修饰谓语动词register。故选D。 9．The secret of success is to start from scratch and keep on scratching. A．主语 B．同位语 C．宾语 D．宾语补足语 【答案】A 【详解】考查句子成分。句意：成功的秘诀在于从零开始并坚持不懈。划线词作主语，为主系表结构，不定式作表语。故选A。 10．By opening a novel, I can leave behind my burdens and enter into a wonderful world. A．主语 B．谓语 C．宾语 D．定语 【答案】B 【详解】考查句法成分。句意：通过打开一本小说，我可以放下我的负担，进入一个美妙的世界。本句中By opening a novel为方式状语，主语为I，画线部分由情态动词can和动词短语leave behind构成，为谓语，其后的my burdens为宾语；并列连词and表顺承关系，连接并列的谓语动词enter 。故选B。 11．People all over the world speak English.句中的宾语是_______ A．People B．all over the world C．speak D．English 【答案】D 【详解】考查句子成分分析。句意：全世界的人都说英语。句子主语是People，谓语动词是speak，宾语是English，状语是all over the world。所以句中的宾语是English。故选D。 12．Many young people love popular music. A．主+系+表 B．主+谓+宾 C．主+谓+状 D．主+谓+双宾 【答案】B 【详解】句意：许多年轻人都喜爱流行音乐。Many young people是主语，love是实义动词，是谓语，popular music是“喜欢”的对象，是宾语，句子是主谓宾结构。 13．What is the structure of the sentence “My mother told us an interesting story.”? A．SVP B．SVO C．SVOO D．SVOC 【答案】C 【详解】考查基本句型。句意：我妈妈给我们讲了一个有趣的故事。My mother“我妈妈”为主语；told“讲述”为谓语；us“我们”为间接宾语；an interesting story“一个有趣的故事”为直接宾语。所以该句的结构是SVOO（主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语）。故选C。 14．Today, the Chinese writing system/is/still an important part of Chinese culture. A．主+谓+宾 B．主+谓+状 C．主+谓+定 D．主+系+表 【答案】D 【详解】考查基本句型。句意：如今，汉字书写体系仍然是中国文化的一个重要组成部分。Today“如今”为时间状语；the Chinese writing system是主语，表示“中国的书写系统”；is为系动词；still an important part of Chinese culture是表语，表示“仍然是中国文化的一个重要组成部分”，本句是主系表结构。故选D。 15．What is the sentence structure of “The company offered the talented graduate a well-paid job immediately after graduation.”? A．SVO. B．SVOC． C．SVOA． D．SVOO. 【答案】D 【详解】考查句子成分。句意：“The company offered the talented graduate a well-paid job immediately after graduation.”的句子结构是什么？A. SVO主谓宾；B. SVOC主谓宾补；C. SVOA主谓宾状；D. SVOO主谓间宾直宾。在该句中，“The company”是主语，“offered”是谓语，“the talented graduate”是间接宾语，“a well-paid job”是直接宾语，“immediately after graduation”是时间状语，但句子的核心结构是“主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语”，也就是SVOO结构。故选D。 16．What is the sentence structure of “She found a wallet lying on the ground when she walked home.”? A．SVOC． B．SVP. C．SVOO. D．SVA． 【答案】A 【详解】考查句子结构。句意：她回家时发现地上有一个钱包。分析句子结构可知，She是主语，found是谓语动词，a wallet是宾语，lying on the ground是宾语补足语，用来补充说明宾语a wallet的状态，when she walked home是时间状语从句，所以本句的句子结构为“主谓宾补”。故选A。 17．What is the sentence structure of “The nice smell from the kitchen made me feel hungry.”? A．SVOA． B．SVOC． C．SVOO. D．SVP. 【答案】B 【详解】考查基本句型。句意：“厨房里散发出的怡人香气让我感到饿了。”这个句子的结构是怎样的？The nice smell from the kitchen为主语；made为谓语；me为宾语；feel hungry为宾补，即为SVOC。故选B。 18．The sentence structure of “My mother told us an interesting story.” is________. A．SVP B．SVO C．SVOO D．SVOC 【答案】C 【详解】考查句子结构。句意：我的妈妈给我们讲了一个有趣的故事。My mother是主语，told是谓语，us是间接宾语，an interesting story是直接宾语，因此本句为主谓宾宾结构，即SVOO。故选C。 19．I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful. A．主+谓+宾+定 B．主+谓+宾+状 C．主+谓+间宾+直宾 D．主+谓+宾+宾补 【答案】D 【详解】考查句子结构。句意：我发现我的大多数同学和老师都很友好和乐于助人。分析句子结构可知，句中I在句中作主语，found为句中谓语动词，most of my classmates and teachers在句中作宾语，friendly and helpful在句中作宾语补足语，所以本句为“主+谓+宾+宾补”结构。故选D。 20．I want to make a good first impression. A．主+谓+状 B．主+谓+宾 C．主+系+表 D．主+谓+定 【答案】B 【详解】考查句子结构。句意：我想给人留下好的第一印象。分析句子结构可知，句中I为句子主语，want为句子谓语动词，to make a good first impression是动词不定式短语作宾语，所以本句为主谓宾结构。故选B。 21．It/ will be/ quite difficult/ to get used to all the homework. A．主+谓+状+宾补 B．主+系+表+主 C．主+系+表+状 D．主+系+表+宾补 【答案】B 【详解】考查句子结构。句意：要习惯所有的家庭作业是相当困难的。在该句中，It 是形式主语；will be 是系动词；其后的quite difficult是形容词短语作表语，与It will be 构成“主系表”结构，其中quite是副词修饰形容词difficult；to get used to all the homework是不定式短语作真正的主语。故选B。 22．She went home very late yesterday evening. A．SV B．SVO C．SVP D．SVOC 【答案】A 【详解】考查句子结构。句意：她昨天晚上很晚才回家。she“她”作主语，不及物动词went“去”作谓语，home“家”作地点状语，very late“很晚”作程度状语， yesterday evening“昨天晚上”作时间状语，因此句子为主谓结构，即SV。故选A。 23．Find out the structure of the sentence: We had our first English class at senior high school. A．SV IO DO B．SVOA C．SVOC D．SVA 【答案】B 【详解】考查句子结构。句意：我们在高中上了第一节英语课。句子成分划分：  We (S)为主语；had (V)为谓语动词（过去式）；our first English class (O)为宾语；at senior high school (A)为状语（表示地点）。故选B。 24．We consider our monitor a reliable partner in both study and life. A．SVO B．SVOC C．SVOO D．SV 【答案】B 【详解】考查句子结构。句意：我们认为班长是学习和生活中可靠的伙伴。we作主语，consider“认为”作谓语，our monitor“我们的班长”作宾语，a reliable partner in both study and life“学习和生活中可靠的伙伴”作宾补，因此本句为主谓宾宾补结构，即SVOC。故选B。 25．请选出与句子所匹配的句子结构：She ordered her family a delicious meal. A．SVOA B．SVOC C．SV IO DO D．S (V) P 【答案】C 【详解】考查句子结构。句意:她给家人点了一顿美味的饭。she为主语；ordered为谓语；her family为间接宾语；a delicious meal为直接宾语。故选C。 26．A balanced diet keeps the body healthy. A．SVO B．SVP C．SVOC D．SVOA 【答案】C 【详解】考查句子结构。句意：均衡的饮食可以保持身体健康。本句中主语为A balanced diet，keeps为谓语，这里为“keep+宾语+宾补”结构，宾语为the body，宾补为形容词healthy，因此本句是主谓宾补结构。故选C。 27．She ordered her husband a delicious meal. 该句的基本结构为： A．S V IO DO B．SVOC C．SVA D．SV 【答案】A 【详解】考查句子结构。句意：她给丈夫点了一顿美味的饭。she“她”为主语；ordered“点（酒菜等）”为谓语；her husband“她的丈夫”为间接宾语；a delicious meal“一顿美味的饭”为直接宾语。故选A。 28．I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful. (判断句子结构类型) A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+O+C D．S+V+IO+DC 【答案】C 【详解】考查基本句型。句意：我发现我的大多数同学和老师都很友好和乐于助人。分析句子结构可知，“I”作主语，“found”作谓语，“most of my classmates and teachers”作宾语，“friendly and helpful”作宾语补足语，所以本句是S+V+O+C结构。故选C项 29．What is the sentence pattern(句型)of the sentence “Mr. Wu gave me a book.”? A．主+谓+双宾 B．主+系+表 C．主+谓+宾 D．主+谓+宾+宾补 【答案】A 【详解】考查句子结构。句意：吴先生给了我一本书。分析句子结构，句中Mr. Wu为主语，gave为谓语，a book为宾语，me也为宾语，构成双宾结构。故句子结构为主+谓+双宾。故选A。 30．判断句子的结构类型: It gives us a great feeling of peace. A．SVO B．SVIODO C．SVOA D．SVOC 【答案】B 【详解】考查句子结构。句意：它给我们一种平和的感觉。主语为it；gives作谓语；us为间接宾语；a great feeling of peace为直接宾语，为“S（主语）V（谓语）IO（间接宾语）DO（直接宾语）”句型。故选B。 二、按照要求完成题目 选出下列句子属于哪种句子结构 ①S＋V　②S＋V＋O　③S＋V＋P　④S＋V＋IO＋DO ⑤S＋V＋O＋OC　⑥S＋V＋Ad　⑦S＋V＋O＋Ad ⑧There be ... 31．Time flies.( ) 32．He enjoys reading.( ) 33．The sun keeps us warm.( ) 34．The dinner smells good.( ) 35．The red sun rises in the east.( ) 36．There are 45 students in our class.( ) 37．This is an English-Chinese dictionary.( ) 38．I want to have a cup of tea very much.( ) 39．Would you please pass me the dictionary？( ) 40．She cooked her husband a delicious meal.( ) 【答案】 31．① 32．② 33．⑤ 34．③ 35．⑥ 36．⑧ 37．③ 38．⑦ 39．④ 40．④ 【详解】31．句意：时光飞逝。主语为Time，谓语动词为flies，不及物动词，句子为主谓（S＋V）结构。 32．句意：他喜欢阅读。主语为He，谓语动词为enjoys，及物动词，reading为动名词作宾语，句子为主谓宾（S＋V＋O）结构。 33．句意：太阳使我们温暖。主语为The sun，谓语动词为keeps，宾语为us，warm为形容词作宾语补足语，说明宾语的状态，句子为主谓宾宾补（S＋V＋O＋OC）结构。 34．句意：晚饭闻起来很香。主语为The dinner，系动词为smells，good为形容词作表语，说明主语的特征，句子为主系表（S＋V＋P）结构。 35．句意：红日东升。主语为The red sun，谓语动词为rises，不及物动词，in the east为介词短语作地点状语修饰动词，句子为主谓状（S＋V＋Ad）结构。 36．句意：我们班有45名学生。There be为存在句固定句型，45 students为主语，in our class为介词短语作地点状语。 37．句意：这是一本英汉词典。主语为This，系动词为is，an English-Chinese dictionary为名词短语作表语，说明主语的身份，句子为主系表（S＋V＋P）结构。 38．句意：我非常想喝一杯茶。主语为I，谓语动词为want，to have a cup of tea为不定式作宾语，very much为副词短语作程度状语修饰动词，句子为主谓宾状（S＋V＋O＋Ad）结构。 39．句意：请你把字典递给我好吗？主语为you，谓语动词为pass，me为间接宾语（人），the dictionary为直接宾语（物），句子为主谓双宾（S＋V＋IO＋DO）结构。 40．句意：她给丈夫做了一顿美味的饭菜。主语为She，谓语动词为cooked，her husband为间接宾语（人），a delicious meal为直接宾语（物），句子为主谓双宾（S＋V＋IO＋DO）结构。 指出下列句子的类型 41．Leigh Tindale’s dog Charlie had a serious heart condition. 42．But the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and destinations. 43．Each ARTS FIRST festival is a unique annual celebration of the Harvard community’s artistic creativity. 44．You see much more from the seat of a bike! 45．The research team focused on a large urban park. 46．That love for philosophy lasted until I got to college. 47．Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils. 48．They realized what they had undertaken. 49．Being a paper turner requires plenty of practice. 50．Those praised as geniuses, were often white men of European origin. 【答案】 41．SVO 42．SVOA 43．SVP 44．SVOA 45．SVO 46．SVA 47．SVOC 48．SVO 49．SVO 50．SVP 【详解】41．考查句子类型。句意：利·廷代尔的狗查理患有严重的心脏病。主语为Leigh Tindale’s dog Charlie，谓语是had，宾语为a serious heart condition，所以该句的句子类型为“主+谓+宾”结构。故答案为：SVO。 42．考查句子类型。句意：但旅游业的快速发展导致了部分地区和景点的过度旅游现象。主语为the rapid growth of travel，谓语是has led to，宾语为overtourism，状语为in certain regions and destinations，所以该句的句子类型为“主+谓+宾+状”结构。故答案为：SVOA。 43．考查句子类型。句意：每一届“ARTS FIRST”艺术节都是哈佛社区艺术创造力的独特年度庆典。主语为Each ARTS FIRST festival，谓语是is，表语为a unique annual celebration of the Harvard community’s artistic creativity，所以该句的句子类型为“主+系+表”结构。故答案为：SVP。 44．考查句子类型。句意：坐在自行车座上，你能看到更多的风景！主语为You，谓语是see，宾语为much more，状语为from the seat of a bike，所以该句的句子类型为“主+谓+宾+状”结构。故答案为：SVOA。 45．考查句子类型。句意：这个研究团队专注于一个大型城市公园。主语为The research team，谓语是focused on，宾语为a large urban park，所以该句的句子类型为“主+谓+宾”结构。故答案为：SVO。 46．考查句子类型。句意：这份对哲学的热爱一直持续到我上大学。主语为That love for philosophy，谓语是lasted，状语为until I got to college，所以该句的句子类型为“主+谓+状”结构。故答案为：SVA。 47．考查句子类型。句意：墨西哥人认为用餐具吃饭是不合适的。主语为Mexicans，谓语是consider，形式宾语为it，宾补为inappropriate，真正宾语为to eat with utensils，所以该句的句子类型为“主+谓+宾+宾补”结构。故答案为：SVOC。 48．考查句子类型。句意：他们意识到了自己所承担的事情。主语为They，谓语是realized，宾语为what they had undertaken，所以该句的句子类型为“主+谓+宾”结构。故答案为：SVO。 49．考查句子类型。句意：做一名翻谱员需要大量的练习。主语为Being a paper turner，谓语是requires，宾语为plenty of practice，所以该句的句子类型为“主+谓+宾”结构。故答案为：SVO。 50．考查句子类型。句意：那些被誉为天才的人，往往是欧洲血统的白人男性。主语为Those praised as geniuses，谓语是were，表语为white men, of European origin，所以该句的句子类型为“主+系+表”结构。故答案为：SVP。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Welcome Unit单元语法 句子成分和基本句型 一、单项选择 1．Talking to him is a mistake.  划线部分的成分是 A．主语 B．表语 C．宾语 D．宾补 2．The weather is very nice today.  划线部分的成分是 A．主语 B．谓语 C．宾语 D．宾补 3．He is an honest student. A．主语 B．谓语 C．宾语 D．定语 4．What’s the subject complement in the sentence “The door was painted white.”? A．The door B．was painted C．white D．None of them 5．You wrote you are very worried about your friend. A．N. P B．Adj. P C．Adv. P 6．It is not unusual for teenagers of your generation to be attracted to computer games. A．主语 B．宾语 C．宾补 D．状语 7．I found an old man walking his dog in the park all the afternoon. (    ) A．S＋V＋O＋P＋A B．S＋V＋O＋A＋C C．S＋V＋O＋C＋A D．S＋V＋P+O＋A 8．You should register before Friday. 划线部分成分是_______ A．主语 B．谓语 C．宾语 D．状语 9．The secret of success is to start from scratch and keep on scratching. A．主语 B．同位语 C．宾语 D．宾语补足语 10．By opening a novel, I can leave behind my burdens and enter into a wonderful world. A．主语 B．谓语 C．宾语 D．定语 11．People all over the world speak English.句中的宾语是_______ A．People B．all over the world C．speak D．English 12．Many young people love popular music. A．主+系+表 B．主+谓+宾 C．主+谓+状 D．主+谓+双宾 13．What is the structure of the sentence “My mother told us an interesting story.”? A．SVP B．SVO C．SVOO D．SVOC 14．Today, the Chinese writing system/is/still an important part of Chinese culture. A．主+谓+宾 B．主+谓+状 C．主+谓+定 D．主+系+表 15．What is the sentence structure of “The company offered the talented graduate a well-paid job immediately after graduation.”? A．SVO. B．SVOC． C．SVOA． D．SVOO. 16．What is the sentence structure of “She found a wallet lying on the ground when she walked home.”? A．SVOC． B．SVP. C．SVOO. D．SVA． 17．What is the sentence structure of “The nice smell from the kitchen made me feel hungry.”? A．SVOA． B．SVOC． C．SVOO. D．SVP. 18．The sentence structure of “My mother told us an interesting story.” is________. A．SVP B．SVO C．SVOO D．SVOC 19．I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful. A．主+谓+宾+定 B．主+谓+宾+状 C．主+谓+间宾+直宾 D．主+谓+宾+宾补 20．I want to make a good first impression. A．主+谓+状 B．主+谓+宾 C．主+系+表 D．主+谓+定 21．It/ will be/ quite difficult/ to get used to all the homework. A．主+谓+状+宾补 B．主+系+表+主 C．主+系+表+状 D．主+系+表+宾补 22．She went home very late yesterday evening. A．SV B．SVO C．SVP D．SVOC 23．Find out the structure of the sentence: We had our first English class at senior high school. A．SV IO DO B．SVOA C．SVOC D．SVA 24．We consider our monitor a reliable partner in both study and life. A．SVO B．SVOC C．SVOO D．SV 25．请选出与句子所匹配的句子结构：She ordered her family a delicious meal. A．SVOA B．SVOC C．SV IO DO D．S (V) P 26．A balanced diet keeps the body healthy. A．SVO B．SVP C．SVOC D．SVOA 27．She ordered her husband a delicious meal. 该句的基本结构为： A．S V IO DO B．SVOC C．SVA D．SV 28．I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful. (判断句子结构类型) A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+O+C D．S+V+IO+DC 29．What is the sentence pattern(句型)of the sentence “Mr. Wu gave me a book.”? A．主+谓+双宾 B．主+系+表 C．主+谓+宾 D．主+谓+宾+宾补 30．判断句子的结构类型: It gives us a great feeling of peace. A．SVO B．SVIODO C．SVOA D．SVOC 二、按照要求完成题目 选出下列句子属于哪种句子结构 ①S＋V　②S＋V＋O　③S＋V＋P　④S＋V＋IO＋DO ⑤S＋V＋O＋OC　⑥S＋V＋Ad　⑦S＋V＋O＋Ad ⑧There be ... 31．Time flies.( ) 32．He enjoys reading.( ) 33．The sun keeps us warm.( ) 34．The dinner smells good.( ) 35．The red sun rises in the east.( ) 36．There are 45 students in our class.( ) 37．This is an English-Chinese dictionary.( ) 38．I want to have a cup of tea very much.( ) 39．Would you please pass me the dictionary？( ) 40．She cooked her husband a delicious meal.( ) 指出下列句子的类型 41．Leigh Tindale’s dog Charlie had a serious heart condition. 42．But the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and destinations. 43．Each ARTS FIRST festival is a unique annual celebration of the Harvard community’s artistic creativity. 44．You see much more from the seat of a bike! 45．The research team focused on a large urban park. 46．That love for philosophy lasted until I got to college. 47．Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils. 48．They realized what they had undertaken. 49．Being a paper turner requires plenty of practice. 50．Those praised as geniuses, were often white men of European origin. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $