内容正文:
Unit 6 At one with nature
介词+关系代词引导的定语从句
一、单句语法填空
1.The professor to I spoke yesterday is a Nobel laureate.
【答案】whom
【详解】句意:我昨天交谈过的那位教授是诺贝尔奖得主。此处考查“介词 + 关系代词”引导的限定性定语从句,先行词是professor,指人,关系代词应用whom。
2.It can be confusing to come across sentences in the same words have got different meanings.
【答案】which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:在句子中遇到相同的单词有着不同的意思,会让人感到困惑。此处引导为“介词in+which”定语从句,先行词为sentences,指物,定语从句中缺少介词in的宾语,故应用which引导,故填which。
3.Do you know the year the Chinese Communist Party was founded?
【答案】when /in which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:你知道中国共产党是在哪一年成立的吗?分析句子可知,设空处是定语从句引导词,先行词是the year,定语从句缺少时间状语,应填when 或者in which。故填when/ in which。
4.We must work even harder during the coming winter holiday and never forget that we are part of the school, the name is Guangming Senior High School.
【答案】of which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:我们必须更加努力,在即将到来的寒假,永远不要忘记,我们是学校的一部分,它的名字是光明高中。分析句子,设空处构成介词+关系代词引导的定语从句,修饰先行词是school,指物,the name of which相当于whose name。故填of which。
5.The scientists have made an exhaustive study of the virus with many people have been infected.
【答案】which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:科学家们对许多人感染的病毒进行了详尽的研究。分析句子可知,空处缺少关系词引导定语从句,先行词为the virus(病毒),作从句中be infected with的宾语,with提前,表示物,用which来引导。故填which。
6.Teachers face a big challenge in such a situation. When they enter a classroom in most of the students do not want to be there and do not want to study, how can they teach?
【答案】which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:在这种情况下,教师面临着巨大的挑战。当他们进入一个大多数学生都不想在那里,不想学习的教室时,他们怎么能教呢?分析句子,设空处使用定语从句的引导词与空前的in构成介词+关系代词的结构;此处引导词在从句中作宾语,修饰先行词classroom,为物。故填which。
7.The house he paid 20, 000 yuan is now worth 30, 000 yuan.
【答案】for which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:他花了2万元买的房子现在值3万元了。pay some money for sth.意为“花钱买某物”,分析句子结构可知,此处使用“介词+which/whom”引导限制性定语从句,先行词the house指物,关系词替代先行词在从句中作介词for的宾语,用关系代词which,为for which。故填for which。
8.The villagers thought highly of the way we treated the beggar.
【答案】that/in which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:村民们对我们对待乞丐的方式评价很高。分析句子可知,空处引导定语从句,the way作先行词,用关系代词that,in which引导定语从句,故填that/in which。
9.I wanted to find someone with I could share my travel experience.
【答案】whom
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:我想找一个可以分享我旅行经历的人。分析句子结构,空处引导一个限制性定语从句,且关系词在从句中作with的宾语,指代先行词someone,指人,所以应用whom,with whom为“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句。故填whom。
10.My father is the first person I will turn for help when I meet difficulties.
【答案】to whom
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:当我遇到困难时我父亲是我会求助的第一个人。分析句子可知,此处为介词+关系代词which引导的定语从句,turn to sb. for help“向某人求助”,因此介词用to。先行词为person,指人,关系词在定语从句中作to的宾语。故填to whom。
11.During the National Day we visited the old house Zhou Enlai used to live.
【答案】in which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:国庆节期间,我们参观了周恩来的故居。分析句子可知,此处为介词in+ which引导的定语从句,先行词为the old house,空处在从句中作地点状语,表示“住在那座老房子里”,介词应用in,因此用介词in +关系代词which。故填in which。
12.A friend is someone who draws out your best qualities, with you sparkle and become more knowledgeable.
【答案】whom
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:朋友是能激发你最好品质的人,和他在一起,你会焕发光彩,变得更有见识。横线之后是定于从句,with介词+关系代词,前面的先行词是名词 friend,表示“人”作宾语 ,故填whom。
13.I don’t think the number of people to this happens is very large.
【答案】whom
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:我认为发生这种事的人并不多。固定搭配happen to“发生在……身上”,to是介词;此处引导限定性定语从句,先行词是people,指人,关系词在从句中作介词to的宾语,应用关系代词whom引导。故填whom。
14.The way one student studies might be quite different from that of another student.
【答案】that/in which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:一个学生的学习方法可能与另一个学生的学习方法迥异。分析句子结构可知,此处为连词引导的定语从句,从句中不缺主语和宾语,且先行词为The way,所以此处应为that或in which。故填that/in which。
15.Michael is recognized as an excellent manager, from we learn how to manage time.
【答案】whom
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:迈克尔被公认为是一位优秀的管理者,我们从他那里学会了如何管理时间。分析句子,设空处与空前的介词from构成介词+关系代词的结构,引导定语从句,引导词在从句中作宾语,修饰先行词manager,为人。故用whom。
16. The current energy strategy looks at offshore wind power, and particularly nuclear power, as ways
people can actually have electricity-generating capacity in the UK.
【答案】 in which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:目前的能源战略将海上风力发电,特别是核能,视为人们在英国实际拥有发电能力的方式。分析句子可知,空处引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词ways,先行词在从句中作方式状语,且此处有两个空,应用in which来引导从句。故填in which。
17. In addition to conveying meanings with tone of voice, we can also express our intentions through the ways
we use our bodies.
【答案】 in which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:除了用语调来传达意思,我们还可以通过使用身体的方式来表达我们的意图。the way(s)作为定语从句的先行词时,若从句中缺方式状语,则引导词应当填写in which或that,也可省去,空格有两个,故填in which。
18.While the kinds of lessons offered in these programmes will differ, DL usually suggests a course the teachers post syllabi(课程大纲), reading assignments, and schedules on Websites, and students send in their assignments by e-mail.
【答案】in which/where
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:虽然这些课程提供的课程种类会有所不同,但DL通常建议教师在网站上发布教学大纲、阅读作业和时间表,学生通过电子邮件发送作业。分析句子可知,此处为关系副词where引导的定语从句,先行词为course,在从句中作状语成分,所以为关系副词where引导,也可以填in which(in the course意为“在课程中”)相当于where。故填in which/where。
19.It is found that 11-year-old children are three times more likely to be hurt or seriously injured on the way to and from school than 10-year-olds, since 11 is the average age at children receive their first mobile phones.
【答案】which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:研究发现,11岁的孩子在上学和放学的路上受伤或受重伤的可能性是10岁孩子的三倍,因为孩子们第一次使用手机的平均年龄是11岁。分析句子,设空处与空前构成介词+关系代词的结构,引导定语从句,修饰先行词age。at the age of为固定短语,意为“在……的年龄”,引导词在从句中作宾语,指代物。故填which。
20.A moral dilemma is a situation in you have two or more difficult choices to make.
【答案】which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:道德困境是指你有两个或两个以上的艰难选择要做。句中先行词为situation,在定语从句中作抽象地点状语,所以用关系副词where或介词in +关系代词which引导定语从句。根据句意,故填which。
21.Our boss is said to come back next month by time our task will have been finished.
【答案】which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:据说我们老板下个月回来,到那时我们的任务就完成了。此处为定语从句,先行词是next month,根据从句为将来完成时,表示“(到)那时”,指某个时间点,可知应用by which time。故填which。
22.Your friends also influence the way you view your physical appearance.
【答案】that/in which/省略(/)
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:你的朋友也会影响你看待自己外表的方式。分析句子可知,此处为the way当“way”表示“方式、方法”,the way在句中作先行词,后被一个定语从句修饰时,the way在从句中作作状语成分,引导定语从句可用that,也可用in which,或什么都不用。故填that/in which/ 省略(/)。
23.It aims at being a gathering place in companies can have their own space to promote their products and services through virtual trade fairs.
【答案】which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:它的目标是成为一个聚集的地方,在这里,企业可以有自己的空间,通过虚拟贸易交易会推广他们的产品和服务。设空处前有介词in,先行词为place,在定语从句中作地点状语,此处为“介词+which”引导的定语从句。根据句意,故填which。
24.She is the woman the name of is known all over the country.
【答案】whom
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:她是全国都知道的女人。分析可知,设空处引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词the woman,关系词在从句中做介词of的宾语,故填whom。
25.If a shop has chairs women can park their men, women will be happy to shop.
【答案】where/on which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:如果商店有椅子,可供女人们安顿他们的丈夫,女人们在商店就会花更多时间。分析句子可知,空格处引导定语从句,先行词为chairs,关系副词where引导从句,相当于on which,在从句中作地点状语,把先行词还原到定语从句中为:women can park their men on chairs (there)。故填where/on which。
26.The villagers dug a long tunnel they could go to the fields without being found by the Japanese soldiers.
【答案】through which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:村民们沿着地道挖掘,他们可以通过地道前往田地而不被日本士兵发现。分析句子可知,这是一个定语从句,先行词是tunnel,在从句中作介词through的宾语,关系代词为which。介词置于which之前。故填through which。
27.There are a number of distinguishing characteristics you can identify a Hollywood epic.
【答案】by which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:你可以通过许多不同的特征来识别一部好莱坞史诗。此处引导限制性定语从句,先行词为distinguishing characteristics,介词by+which引导从句,关系代词指代事物,表示“通过不同的特征”,介词by后应用which。故填by which。
28.Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill school education depends.
【答案】on which/upon which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:一些专家认为阅读是学校教育所依赖的基本技能。根据句意分析句子可知,空格后的部分是一个限制性定语从句,对先行词skill进行限定说明;根据从句中的动词depend可知,该定语从句是一个“介词+关系代词”引导的限制性定语从句,介词应该用on或upon,关系代词应该用which,代替先行词skill在从句中作depend on/upon的宾语。故填on which或upon which。
29.American women usually identify their best friend as someone they can talk frequently.
【答案】with whom
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:美国妇女通常认为她们最好的朋友是她们可以经常交谈的人。短语talk with sb ,someone为先行词,作定语从句中with的宾语,关系代词为whom。介词with置于whom前。故填with whom。
30.We enjoyed the atmosphere we would talk in a friendly way.
【答案】where/in which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:我们很喜欢那种友好交谈的气氛。先行词为atmosphere,在定语从句中作抽象地点状语,关系副词为where,也可用in which表示“在这种氛围中”。故填where/in which 。
31.Climate change has brought humanity to a position humanity has to think thoroughly about its results and solutions.
【答案】where/in which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:气候变化已经使人类到了必须彻底思考其后果和解决方案的地步。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句,从句中不缺主语或宾语,先行词position是抽象地点,因此空格处用where或in which引导定语从句,故填where/in which。
32.My sister has created many programs, one of received an award at our province’s science fair.
【答案】which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:我姐姐已经创建了许多项目,其中一个在我省的科学竞赛上获得了奖项。根据句意及所给句子可知,所填的词引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是many programs,指物,位于介词后,应用有关系代词which引导。故填which。
33.Miss Liu is an excellent teacher I have learned a lot.
【答案】 from whom
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:刘女士是一位很优秀的老师,从她身上我学习到了很多。“Miss Liu is an excellent teacher”是主句,所以后面是定语从句,修饰先行词an excellent teacher,learn from“从……学习”是固定短语,介词from提前,作from的宾语关系代词应用whom。故填from;whom。
34.In the street, there wasn’t a single person she could turn for help.
【答案】to whom
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:在黑暗的街道上,没有一个人可以让她求助。短语:turn to sb. for help“向某人求助”,分析可知,空白处及之后的内容为定语从句,先行词为person,在从句中作介词to的宾语,所以把介词提到了定语从句之前,使用了介词+关系代词引导的定语从句。故填 to whom。
35. We must work even harder during the coming winter holiday and never forget that we are part of the school
the name is Guangming Senior High School.
【答案】of which
【详解】考查定语从句的连接词。句意:我们必须在即将到来的寒假里努力工作,并且永不忘记,我们是名叫光明高中的学校的一员。根据句子分析可知,此处引导限制性定语从句,先行词为the school,与空格后的the name有所属关系,故应用of which引导定语从句,of which the name相当于the name of which/whose name,故填of which。
36.Endurance, perseverance, industry and talent are the means men achieve great ends.
【答案】by which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:耐力、毅力、勤奋和才干是实现伟大目标的手段。分析句子结构可知,本句为定语从句,the means为先行词,指物,人们实现伟大目标是“凭借”前面提到的手段,因此用介词by,空处指代先行词做宾语应用which,故填by which。
37.She tells us that Lao Wang is a person from we can learn a lot.
【答案】whom
【详解】考查“介词+关系代词”引导的限制性定语从句。句意:她告诉我们老王是一个我们可以向他学习的人。a person是行词,指人,关系词在限制性定语从句中作from的宾语,from提前至从句句首时,关系代词应用whom。故填whom。
38.This smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence(节奏)with one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key.
【答案】which
【详解】考查介词+关系代词引导的定语从句。句意:这款智能键盘精确地测量打字的节奏和手指施加在每个键上的压力。表示“用”某种节奏应用介词with;空处引导定语从句,先行词是cadence,代替先行词作介词with的宾语,应用关系代词which。故填which。
39.This special building is a place in theatre is made and where children, artists, writers and anyone else have the opportunity (机会) to do creative things.
【答案】which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:这座特殊的建筑是制作戏剧的地方,孩子们、艺术家、作家和其他人都有机会做有创意的事情。分析句式结构可知,此处是定语从句,关系词指代先行词a place并在从句中作介词in的宾语,故填which。
40.Creating a relaxing atmosphere employees are less scared to state their views is a big challenge.
【答案】where/in which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:创造一个轻松的氛围,让员工不那么害怕说出自己的观点是一个很大的挑战。设空处引导限制性定语从句,先行词是atmosphere,表示抽象的地点,关系词在从句中做地点状语,可以用where或者in which引导,故填where/in which。
二、完成句子
41.这就是那本我从中学到了许多知识的书。
This is the book ________________.
【答案】from which I have learnt a lot
【详解】此处为介词+关系代词结构定语从句,修饰先行词book,表示“从中学到”短语为learn from,作介词的宾语,指物,故用which;主语为I;表示“学到了许多”为learn a lot,表示过去的动作对现在的影响用现在完成时。
42.Technology has changed ____________________.
科技已经改变了我们获得朋友的方式。
【答案】the way (that/in which) we acquired friends
【详解】考查定语从句。表示“方式”用the way;表示“我们获得朋友的方式”用the way (that/in which) we acquired friends,该结构中the way为先行词,其引导词用that或者in which引导定语从句对其进行修饰;表示“获得朋友”用acquire friends;同时从句表示过去事实,故使用一般过去时。故填the way (that/in which) we acquired friends。
43.Scientists are learning more every day about the secret ways _____________________.
科学家们对于植物互相交流的秘密方式的认识与日俱增。
【答案】in which plants talk to each other
【详解】考查定语从句,时态和主谓一致。对比中英文句子可知,空格处意为“植物互相交流”,“植物”是plant,要用复数表示泛指,“互相交流”是talk to each other,描述经常性,习惯性动作,时态用一般现在时,主语plants是复数,因此talk用原形,ways作先行词,在从句中作方式状语,因此用in which引导定语从句,因此空格处是in which plants talk to each other。故填in which plants talk to each other。
44.But perhaps what is most significant is the way ________________________________ to make these terraces and grow rice.
但也许最有意义的是人们用与自然和谐相处的方式建造这些梯田,种植水稻。
【答案】in which people have worked in harmony with nature
【详解】考查定语从句。“与自然和谐相处”使用动词短语work in harmony with nature,空处是定语从句,先行词是way,关系词在从句中作状语,可使用in which引导,为固定用法,从句表示过去发生的事情对现在的影响,使用现在完成时,故填in which people have worked in harmony with nature。
45.只有改变我们对待环境的方式,我们才能与环境友好相处。
Only by changing _________________________________________________________________ it.
【答案】the way (that/ in which) we treat the environment can we get along well with
【详解】考查部分倒装和定语从句。句子描述现在的客观事实,应用一般现在时,表示“方式”用the way,作动词changing的宾语,后接定语从句“我们对待环境”we treat the environment,先行词是the way,关系词在从句中作状语,应用that/in which引导从句,且关系词可以省略,即the way (that/ in which) we treat the environment,主语“我们”we,“能与……友好相处”can get along well with,“only+状语”置于句首时,句子应用部分倒装结构,将情态动词can提到主语之前,即can we get along well with。故填the way (that/ in which) we treat the environment can we get along well with。
46.他解决问题的方法跟我们期待的不一样。
The way ________________ was different from what we had expected.
【答案】(in which/that)he solved the problem或(that/which)he used to solve the problem
【详解】考查定语从句和时态。分析句子可知,“他处理问题的”处理为修饰way的定语从句,根据was可知,句子为一般过去时,表示“解决问题”用solved the problem,先行词the way作从句的状语,用in which/that/不填。也可以为“他使用来解决问题”,表示“使用”用used,先行词the way作从句中used的宾语,用that/which/不填。故填(in which/that)he solved the problem或(that/which)he used to solve the problem。
47.你日常生活中发生的事情会改变你看待世界和世人的方式。
Something that happens in your daily life will change ________________and the people in it.
【答案】the way (that/in which) you look at the world
【详解】考查定语从句。“方式”为名词way,此处是特指,前面应用定冠词来修饰,“你看待世界和世人”为定语从句修饰the way,“看待世界”为look at the world,“你看待世界和世人”描述一般性事实,应用一般现在时,翻译为you look at the world and the people in it,修饰先行词the way,且关系词在从句中作状语,应用that/in which或省略关系词来引导定语从句,故填the way (that/in which) you look at the world。
48.让我们吃惊的是他说话的方式。
What surprised us was the way ________________.
【答案】(in which/that)he spoke/talked
【详解】考查定语从句。根据中文提示可知,这里时态应用一般过去时。表示“他说话”应用he spoke或者he talked,在分析句子可知,这里考查定语从句,先行词为 the way,关系词可用in which、that或者省略。故填(in which/that) he spoke/talked。
49.我把那座房门被你涂成黄色的房子给卖掉了。
I sold the house________ ________ ________ ________you painted yellow.
【答案】 the door of which
【详解】考查定语从句。表示“房门”应为the door;分析句子可知,此处考查“名词+of+which”引导的定语从句,结合语意可知,此处which指代先行词the house,因此此处完整表达为the door of which=whose +door。故空处1填the,空处2填door,空处3填of,空处4填which。
50.外部世界通过所有这些窗口来了解中国。
All these windows ________ ________ the outside world can ________ ________ China.
【答案】 through which know about
【详解】考查短语和定语从句。句意:通过这些窗口,外界可以了解中国。分析句子和汉语提示,前两个空格表示的是“通过这些窗口”,可以用介词短语through which, 在这个短语中through表示通过,which指代的就是前面的all these windows;后两个空表示的是“了解中国”,可以用短语know about来表达。故填through which和know about。
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Unit 6 At one with nature
介词+关系代词引导的定语从句
一、单句语法填空
1.The professor to I spoke yesterday is a Nobel laureate.
2.It can be confusing to come across sentences in the same words have got different meanings.
3.Do you know the year the Chinese Communist Party was founded?
4.We must work even harder during the coming winter holiday and never forget that we are part of the school, the name is Guangming Senior High School.
5.The scientists have made an exhaustive study of the virus with many people have been infected.
6.Teachers face a big challenge in such a situation. When they enter a classroom in most of the students do not want to be there and do not want to study, how can they teach?
7.The house he paid 20, 000 yuan is now worth 30, 000 yuan.
8.The villagers thought highly of the way we treated the beggar.
9.I wanted to find someone with I could share my travel experience.
10.My father is the first person I will turn for help when I meet difficulties.
11.During the National Day we visited the old house Zhou Enlai used to live.
12.A friend is someone who draws out your best qualities, with you sparkle and become more knowledgeable.
13.I don’t think the number of people to this happens is very large.
14.The way one student studies might be quite different from that of another student.
15.Michael is recognized as an excellent manager, from we learn how to manage time.
16. The current energy strategy looks at offshore wind power, and particularly nuclear power, as ways
people can actually have electricity-generating capacity in the UK.
17. In addition to conveying meanings with tone of voice, we can also express our intentions through the ways
we use our bodies.
18.While the kinds of lessons offered in these programmes will differ, DL usually suggests a course the teachers post syllabi(课程大纲), reading assignments, and schedules on Websites, and students send in their assignments by e-mail.
19.It is found that 11-year-old children are three times more likely to be hurt or seriously injured on the way to and from school than 10-year-olds, since 11 is the average age at children receive their first mobile phones.
20.A moral dilemma is a situation in you have two or more difficult choices to make.
21.Our boss is said to come back next month by time our task will have been finished.
22.Your friends also influence the way you view your physical appearance.
23.It aims at being a gathering place in companies can have their own space to promote their products and services through virtual trade fairs.
24.She is the woman the name of is known all over the country.
25.If a shop has chairs women can park their men, women will be happy to shop.
26.The villagers dug a long tunnel they could go to the fields without being found by the Japanese soldiers.
27.There are a number of distinguishing characteristics you can identify a Hollywood epic.
28.Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill school education depends.
29.American women usually identify their best friend as someone they can talk frequently.
30.We enjoyed the atmosphere we would talk in a friendly way.
31.Climate change has brought humanity to a position humanity has to think thoroughly about its results and solutions.
32.My sister has created many programs, one of received an award at our province’s science fair.
33.Miss Liu is an excellent teacher I have learned a lot.
34.In the street, there wasn’t a single person she could turn for help.
35. We must work even harder during the coming winter holiday and never forget that we are part of the school
the name is Guangming Senior High School.
36.Endurance, perseverance, industry and talent are the means men achieve great ends.
37.She tells us that Lao Wang is a person from we can learn a lot.
38.This smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence(节奏)with one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key.
39.This special building is a place in theatre is made and where children, artists, writers and anyone else have the opportunity (机会) to do creative things.
40.Creating a relaxing atmosphere employees are less scared to state their views is a big challenge.
二、完成句子
41.这就是那本我从中学到了许多知识的书。
This is the book ________________.
42.Technology has changed ____________________.
科技已经改变了我们获得朋友的方式。
43.Scientists are learning more every day about the secret ways _____________________.
科学家们对于植物互相交流的秘密方式的认识与日俱增。
44.But perhaps what is most significant is the way ________________________________ to make these terraces and grow rice.
但也许最有意义的是人们用与自然和谐相处的方式建造这些梯田,种植水稻。
45.只有改变我们对待环境的方式,我们才能与环境友好相处。
Only by changing _________________________________________________________________ it.
46.他解决问题的方法跟我们期待的不一样。
The way ________________ was different from what we had expected.
47.你日常生活中发生的事情会改变你看待世界和世人的方式。
Something that happens in your daily life will change ________________and the people in it.
48.让我们吃惊的是他说话的方式。
What surprised us was the way ________________.
49.我把那座房门被你涂成黄色的房子给卖掉了。
I sold the house________ ________ ________ ________you painted yellow.
50.外部世界通过所有这些窗口来了解中国。
All these windows ________ ________ the outside world can ________ ________ China.
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