Unit 4 Friends Forever 单元语法（关系代词引导的定语从句）-2026-2027学年高一英语必修第一册（外研版）

**基本信息** 聚焦关系代词引导的定语从句，通过单句语法填空与完成句子结合，系统覆盖不同先行词及关系代词功能，强化语言应用与逻辑思维能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单句语法填空|40题|考查关系代词（that/which/who/whose等）选择，涵盖先行词为人、物、不定代词等|从先行词类型到关系代词功能（主/宾/定语）的应用推导，覆盖核心考法与易错点| |完成句子|10题|结合语境补全定语从句，需分析句子结构确定关系代词|从语法规则到语境应用的迁移，强化语言理解与表达能力|

Unit 4 Friends Forever 关系代词引导的定语从句 一、单句语法填空 1．My mother was so proud of all I had done that she rewarded me with a trip to Beijing. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我妈妈为我所做的一切感到骄傲，她奖励我去北京旅行。空格处引导定语从句，对先行词all进行限定说明，从句中缺少宾语，且先行词是不定代词all，所以用关系代词that代替先行词在从句中作宾语。故填that。 2．This is the great architect works have won many international prizes. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这位是伟大的建筑师，他的作品赢得了许多国际奖项。空处引导定语从句，先行词architect，在定语从句中作定语，需用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 3．Can you help me to think of a reason seems reasonable for my being absent? 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你能帮我想一个我缺席的合理理由吗？本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是a reason，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。 4．A typhoon is an extremely strong wind often happens on the Western Pacific Ocean. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句引导词。句意：台风是一种极强的风，经常发生在西太平洋。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词为wind，指物，且从句中缺少主语，因此应用关系代词that或which引导该从句。故填that/which。 5．The scholarship will be awarded to the student research proposal the university considers most innovative. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：奖学金将颁发给被学校认为研究计划最具创新性的学生。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词the student在从句中作research proposal的定语成分，所以为关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 6．The artist paintings are displayed in the gallery gains popularity among college students. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这位其画作在画廊展出的艺术家在大学生中颇受欢迎。先行词为The artist，在定语从句中作定语，关系代词为whose。故填whose。 7．The national park is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species live in it and improve the health of the ecosystem in the area. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：国家公园旨在为生活在其中的所有物种提供更有力的保护，并改善该地区生态系统的健康状况。此处引导限定性定语从句，先行词为species，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导该从句。故填that/which。 8．The house windows face south is our reading-room. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：窗户向南的屋子是我们的阅览室。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是the house，在从句中作定语，与windows是所属关系，应用关系代词whose。故填whose。 9．Don’t rush into anything you will regret for the next three years. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：不要急着做任何会让你在未来三年后悔的事情。设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词anything，指物，关系词替代先行词在从句作regret的宾语。当先行词为anything等不定代词时，关系代词用that。故填that。 10．Workers built shelters for people homes had been destroyed. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：工人们为那些家园被毁的人们搭建了避难所。空处引导定语从句，先行词people，在定语从句中作定语，修饰名词homes，需用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 11．He decided to go to Stanford because there were many opportunities for people wanted to work in Silicon Valley. 【答案】who/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他决定去斯坦福大学，因为那里为想在硅谷工作的人提供很多机会。________wanted to work in Silicon Valley是关系词引导的限制性定语从句修饰先行词people。先行词是人，而且所填关系词在该从句中作主语，关系词用who或that。故填who/that。 12．The dictionary the gentleman bought half an hour ago was very expensive. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：那位先生半小时前买的那本字典非常昂贵。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词“The dictionary”，且在从句中作“bought”的宾语。当先行词是物，且在定语从句中作宾语时，关系代词可用“which”或“that”，符合语境。故填that/which。 13．She is always looking for anything can bring her new inspiration. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：她总是在寻找任何能给她带来新灵感的东西。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词anything是不定代词，因此只能用that引导定语从句，不能用which。故填that。 14．He has made a discovery is of great importance to the progress of science and technology. 【答案】which/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他有一项发现，这项发现对科学技术的进步极为重要。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导的为限制性定语从句，先行词为a discovery，指物，且在从句中作主语，所以应用关系代词which或that引导该从句。故填which/that。 15．Water from the dam would likely destroy cultural relics were an important part of Egypt’s cultural heritage.(P4) 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：大坝的水可能会破坏文物，这些文物是埃及文化遗产的重要组成部分。“____ were an important part of Egypt’s cultural heritage”是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“cultural relics”， 指物，关系词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词that或which引导定语从句。故填that/which。 16．The French businessman wallet was stolen at the airport reported the crime to the police immediately. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：钱包在机场被盗的法国商人立即向警方报告了犯罪行为。此处引导定语从句，并表达“他的”含义，先行词为businessman。用关系代词whose，表示所属关系，故填whose。 17．When I saw it up close, I was struck by the small areas of light across the painting and the way the soft edges of the figures seem to mix together. 【答案】that/in which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：当我近距离观看时，我被画中那些小片的光亮以及人物柔和的边缘似乎融合在一起的方式所吸引。设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词way，关系词在从句中作方式状语，可以用that/in which引导。故填that/in which。 18．Can you still remember the time we spent together in our childhood? 【答案】that/which/不填 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你还记得我们童年一起度过的时光吗？空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the time，先行词指物，在从句中作spent的宾语，应用关系代词that或which作引导词，定语从句的单个引导词作宾语，也可省略。故填that/which/不填。 19．Sometimes, the parents complain about the role of screens in family life are just as guilty of spending too much time in front of one. 【答案】that/who 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：有时候，抱怨屏幕在家庭生活中扮演的角色的父母也会因为花太多时间在屏幕前而感到内疚。此处引导限定性定语从句，先行词是parents，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或who引导。故填that/who。 20．This is one of the best films I have seen in the past few months. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是我在过去几个月里看过的最出色的电影之一。定语从句修饰先行词films，在从句作宾语，且由最高级修饰，只能用that引导。故填that。 21．The only thing matters in teen-parent communication is mutual respect. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在青少年和父母之间的交流中，唯一重要的是相互尊重。空处引导限制性定语从句，从句缺少主语，先行词thing指物，且被the only修饰，只能用关系代词that作引导词。故填that。 22．I firmly believe those always complain about life instead of taking action will never achieve their goals. 【答案】who 【详解】考查定语从句和关系代词。句意：我坚信那些总是抱怨生活而不采取行动的人永远不会实现他们的目标。空格处引导定语从句，先行词为“those”，此处指代人，关系代词在从句中作主语，需用who引导该从句。故填who。 23．In the library are such interesting storybooks many students spend their weekends reading. 【答案】as 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：图书馆里有如此有趣的故事书，以至于许多学生周末都花时间阅读。空处引导限定性定语从句，从句中reading缺少宾语，且先行词interesting storybooks被such修饰，只能用关系代词as作引导词。故填as。 24．Miss Zhou wants to talk to the students homework hasn't been finished. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：周老师想和那些还没有完成作业的学生谈话。分析句子结构，设空处引导定语从句，先行词是the students，在定语从句中做定语，需用关系代词whose引导。故填 whose。 25．She said she would do anything could help her mother recover from the disease. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：她说她会做任何能帮助母亲从疾病中恢复的事情。分析句子结构可知，空处引导一个定语从句，先行词是anything，关系词在从句中作主语，应使用that引导，故填that。 26．There are three things make Sydney famous ,its beautiful harbor, the Sydney Harbor Bridge and the Sydney Opera House. 【答案】which/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：有三个事物令悉尼很著名，其美丽的海港，悉尼港大桥和悉尼歌剧院。这是个定语从句，先行词是things，指物，从句缺少主语，用关系词which/that引导。故填which/that。 27．Everyone knows that Zhong Nanshan serves as a medical scientist, has devoted himself to hard work again. 【答案】who 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：大家都知道，钟南山作为一名医学家，又一次埋头苦干起来。句中先行词为 Zhong Nanshan，指人，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who引导。故填who。 28．Watch out! Don’t get close to the building walls are being painted. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：小心！不要靠近正在粉刷墙壁的建筑物。空处引导一个定语从句，building是先行词，关系词在从句中作定语修饰名词walls，所以使用whose引导定语从句，故填whose。 29．Will you think of those individuals have helped you get through difficulty when you are leading a comfortable life? 【答案】who/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意为：在你生活舒适时你会想起那些帮你度过艰难时光的人吗？该定语从句缺少主语，先行词为指人的individuals，故填who或that。 30．In 2014, such important reform policies associated with the interests of the general public were introduced in China almost each person could benefit from in life. 【答案】as 【详解】考查定语从句。句意为：在2014年，关系到公众利益的重要的改革政策被引进到中国，几乎每一个人都能从中受益。先行词policies前有such修饰，且引导词作介词from的宾语，因此用as引导。故填as。 31．Please send us all the information you have about the candidate for the position. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：请把你所知道的关于这个职位候选人的所有信息发给我们。空后为定语从句，修饰先行词information， 先行词前有all修饰，应用关系代词that。故填that。 32．An idiom is a group of words or an expression meaning is not straightforward. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句引导词。句意：习惯用语是一组单词或表达，其含义并不是简单直接的。分析句子可知，这是一个定语从句，先行词是a group of words or an expression，在从句中与meaning构成所属关系，因此使用关系代词whose引导定语从句。故填whose。 33．For example， there are huge amounts of reference books I am often confused to choose from. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：例如，有大量的参考书，我经常困惑于选择哪一本。先行词books是物，在定语从句中作介词from的宾语，所以用关系代词that/which引导限制性定语从句。故填that/which。 34．The prize has been awarded to Tu Youyou research led to the discovery of artemisinin. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：该奖项被授予屠呦呦，她的研究导致了青蒿素的发现。此处为定语从句修饰先行词Tu Youyou，且先行词在从句中作定语，故应用关系代词whose。故填whose。 35．The little problems we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：我们在日常生活中遇到的小问题可能是伟大发明的灵感。此处是定语从句，先行词是The little problems ，指物，在从句中作宾语，先行词又被 little修饰，只能用关系代词that。故填that。 36．On the edge of the jacket， there is a piece of cloth gives off light in the dark. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在夹克的边上，有一块在黑暗中发光的布。分析句子可知，空格引导定语从句，先行词是 a piece of cloth，可用关系代词which 引导，指物。故填which。 37．You will never be truly happy if you continuously hold onto the things and the people make you sad. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：如果你不能把让你伤心的人和事放下，你就不会真正快乐。分析句子可知，从句是定语从句，先行词是 the things and the people，既有人又有物，所以关系词用that。故填that。 38．The Chinese population census(人口普查) gathers data including name, age, ID number, gender, education, marital status and housing situation takes place every ten years. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：中国人口普查每十年进行一次，普查内容包括姓名、年龄、身份证号码、性别、受教育程度、婚姻状况和住房状况。分析句子，可知这里含有一个定语从句，先行词为The Chinese population census(人口普查)，指事物，从句缺少主语，所以应使用关系代词that或which引导该从句，代替先行词作从句的主语，故填that/which。 39．In 1963, astronaut Valentina Tereshkova from the Soviet Union became the first woman was sent up into space. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：1963年，苏联宇航员瓦伦蒂娜·捷列什科娃成为第一位被送入太空的女性。此处为定语从句修饰先行词woman，且先行词在从句中作主语，指人，故应用关系代词引导，又先行词被序数词the first修饰，故用关系代词that。故填that。 40．The software filters out (过滤掉)Internet sites content (内容)is not suitable for children. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：该软件过滤掉了那些内容不适合儿童的网站。分析句子可知_____content (内容)is not suitable for children.是定语从句，修饰指物的先行词Internet sites。先行词在定语从句中作content的定语，用关系代词whose引导定语从句。故填whose。 二、完成句子 41．找到一些小组活动，你可以和那些和你有同样兴趣的人在一起。 Find group activities ________ you can be with people ________ share your interests. 【答案】 where who 【详解】考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，第一空为连词引导的定语从句，从句中不缺少主语和宾语，所以使用关系副词，先行词activities表示抽象地点，所以使用where；第二空为连词引导的定语从句，从句中缺少主语，且先行词people指的是人，所以使用关系代词，所以使用who。故填①where②who。 42．他仍然住在那个窗户朝东的房间里。 He still lives in the room ___ ___ ___ to the east. 【答案】 whose window faces 【详解】考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空前句子是主句，空后句子为定语从句，修饰先行词the room，指物，“窗户”为名词window，关系词在从句中作定语，应用whose来引导，“朝向”为动词短语face to，由主句谓语lives和句意可知，句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，从句主语是单数，谓语动词face应用第三人称单数形式，故填①whose②window③faces。 43．学校图书馆是一种资源，你可以利用它来取得进步。 The school library is a resource ________ you can ________ ________ ________ to make progress. 【答案】 which/that take advantage of 【详解】考查定语从句及定语从句。分析句子成分可知，第1空引导限定性定语从句，先行词是a resource，关系词替代先行词在定从中作宾语，应用关系代词that或which引导；第2、3、4空表示“利用”，应用动词短语take advantage of，作定语从句的谓语动词，空前有情态动词can，应用动词原形。故填①which或that；②take；③advantage；④of。 44．如果你能学会看到自己的优点，你很快就会爱上自己本来的样子。 If you can learn to see the good things about yourself, you will soon begin to love yourself ______________． 【答案】just the way you are 【详解】考查宾补和定语从句。分析句子可知，此处需要使用表达表示“你本来的样子”，可用just the way you are表示，作为整体，这一结构是对宾语yourself的补充说明，而其中the way后引导了定于从句修饰the way，关系代词省略。故填just the way you are。 45．俗话说：“授人以鱼，三餐之需；授人以渔，终生之用。” ______________,“Give a man a fish, and you feed him for a day. Teach a man to fish, and you feed him for the rest of his life.” 【答案】As the saying goes/There is a saying that goes 【详解】考查固定搭配。根据中文提示可知，空格处需要使用意为“俗话说”的表达引出谚语，可使用as the saying goes或者there is a saying that goes。故答案为As the saying goes/There is a saying that goes。 46．阅读和旅行能够改变人们思考以及看待世界的方式。 Reading and travelling can change the way ______________． 【答案】(that/in which) people think and see the world 【详解】考查定语从句和时态。根据句意可知，意为“人们思考以及看待世界的”的从句为限定名词the way“方式”的定语从句，关系词指代先行词在从句中作方式状语，故可用关系代词that或者介词in+which引导定语从句，因为先行词为the way，在定语从句中作状语，故关系代词也可以省略；使用people表示“人们”，从句讲述一般性事实，时态用一般现在时，使用think and see the world表示“思考以及看待这个给世界”。故答案为(that/in which) people think and see the world。 47．他是班里唯一被选上参加模拟联合国大会的学生。 He is the only student in the class ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ take part in the Model United Nations Conference. 【答案】 that has been selected to 【详解】考查定语从句和动词短语。根据句意以及句子结构可知，“唯一被选上”处理为修饰student的定语从句，先行词the only student在从句中作主语成分，因先行词被only修饰，所以只能用关系代词that引导，在该从句中，表示“被选上做某事”应为动词短语be selected to do，结合句意可知，从句时态应为现在完成时，所以为现在完成时的被动语态结构。故分别填that；has；been；selected；to。 48．感兴趣的老师和学生都参加了这次活动。 Teachers and students ________ ________ ________ participated in the activity. 【答案】 who were interested 【详解】考查定语从句、固定短语和时态。分析句子可知，句子为限制性定语从句，先行词为“Teachers and students”，指人，在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词“who”引导该从句，从句陈述的是过去的事实，应用一般过去时，“be interested in…”意为“对……感兴趣”，“Teachers and students”为可数名词复数，“be”用“were”，“in”后无宾语，省略“in”，故空格处应填“who were interested”。故填who; were; interested。 49．第一个举手的人可以获得提问题的机会。 ________ ________ ________ puts up his or her hand first can get the chance to ask questions. 【答案】 The person who/that 【详解】考查定语从句。主语为the person，“第一个举手的人”处理为修饰the person的定语从句，代替先行词person在后面的定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词who/that引导从句。故答案为The；person；who/that。 50．They rushed over to help the man _____________________________. 那人的车坏了，他们都跑过去帮忙。 【答案】whose car had broken down 【详解】考查定语从句。分析可知，表示“那人的车坏了”可用限制性定语从句修饰先行词the man，表达为whose car had broken down，关系代词whose引导从句，作定语，代指“那人的，他的”；动词短语break down发生在前文动作之前，应用过去完成时。故填whose car had broken down。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Friends Forever 关系代词引导的定语从句 一、单句语法填空 1．My mother was so proud of all I had done that she rewarded me with a trip to Beijing. 2．This is the great architect works have won many international prizes. 3．Can you help me to think of a reason seems reasonable for my being absent? 4．A typhoon is an extremely strong wind often happens on the Western Pacific Ocean. 5．The scholarship will be awarded to the student research proposal the university considers most innovative. 6．The artist paintings are displayed in the gallery gains popularity among college students. 7．The national park is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species live in it and improve the health of the ecosystem in the area. 8．The house windows face south is our reading-room. 9．Don’t rush into anything you will regret for the next three years. 10．Workers built shelters for people homes had been destroyed. 11．He decided to go to Stanford because there were many opportunities for people wanted to work in Silicon Valley. 12．The dictionary the gentleman bought half an hour ago was very expensive. 13．She is always looking for anything can bring her new inspiration. 14．He has made a discovery is of great importance to the progress of science and technology. 15．Water from the dam would likely destroy cultural relics were an important part of Egypt’s cultural heritage.(P4) 16．The French businessman wallet was stolen at the airport reported the crime to the police immediately. 17．When I saw it up close, I was struck by the small areas of light across the painting and the way the soft edges of the figures seem to mix together. 18．Can you still remember the time we spent together in our childhood? 19．Sometimes, the parents complain about the role of screens in family life are just as guilty of spending too much time in front of one. 20．This is one of the best films I have seen in the past few months. 21．The only thing matters in teen-parent communication is mutual respect. 22．I firmly believe those always complain about life instead of taking action will never achieve their goals. 23．In the library are such interesting storybooks many students spend their weekends reading. 24．Miss Zhou wants to talk to the students homework hasn't been finished. 25．She said she would do anything could help her mother recover from the disease. 26．There are three things make Sydney famous ,its beautiful harbor, the Sydney Harbor Bridge and the Sydney Opera House. 27．Everyone knows that Zhong Nanshan serves as a medical scientist, has devoted himself to hard work again. 28．Watch out! Don’t get close to the building walls are being painted. 29．Will you think of those individuals have helped you get through difficulty when you are leading a comfortable life? 30．In 2014, such important reform policies associated with the interests of the general public were introduced in China almost each person could benefit from in life. 31．Please send us all the information you have about the candidate for the position. 32．An idiom is a group of words or an expression meaning is not straightforward. 33．For example， there are huge amounts of reference books I am often confused to choose from. 34．The prize has been awarded to Tu Youyou research led to the discovery of artemisinin. 35．The little problems we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions. 36．On the edge of the jacket， there is a piece of cloth gives off light in the dark. 37．You will never be truly happy if you continuously hold onto the things and the people make you sad. 38．The Chinese population census(人口普查) gathers data including name, age, ID number, gender, education, marital status and housing situation takes place every ten years. 39．In 1963, astronaut Valentina Tereshkova from the Soviet Union became the first woman was sent up into space. 40．The software filters out (过滤掉)Internet sites content (内容)is not suitable for children. 二、完成句子 41．找到一些小组活动，你可以和那些和你有同样兴趣的人在一起。 Find group activities ________ you can be with people ________ share your interests. 42．他仍然住在那个窗户朝东的房间里。 He still lives in the room ___ ___ ___ to the east. 43．学校图书馆是一种资源，你可以利用它来取得进步。 The school library is a resource ________ you can ________ ________ ________ to make progress. 44．如果你能学会看到自己的优点，你很快就会爱上自己本来的样子。 If you can learn to see the good things about yourself, you will soon begin to love yourself ______________． 45．俗话说：“授人以鱼，三餐之需；授人以渔，终生之用。” ______________,“Give a man a fish, and you feed him for a day. Teach a man to fish, and you feed him for the rest of his life.” 46．阅读和旅行能够改变人们思考以及看待世界的方式。 Reading and travelling can change the way ______________． 47．他是班里唯一被选上参加模拟联合国大会的学生。 He is the only student in the class ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ take part in the Model United Nations Conference. 48．感兴趣的老师和学生都参加了这次活动。 Teachers and students ________ ________ ________ participated in the activity. 49．第一个举手的人可以获得提问题的机会。 ________ ________ ________ puts up his or her hand first can get the chance to ask questions. 50．They rushed over to help the man _____________________________. 那人的车坏了，他们都跑过去帮忙。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $