Unit 1 课时3 Section A（Grammar Focus）课件-九年级英语上册【趣味课堂】精品备课（人教版2024）

该初中英语课件聚焦一般过去时与现在完成时的区别，通过歌曲热身引出时态，结合“家乡变化”图片对比（过去土路、无图书馆等vs现在宽马路、数字图书馆等），搭建从情境感知到语法规则的学习支架，帮助学生建立时态与时间背景的联系。 其亮点在于融合语言能力、文化意识与思维品质培养，通过语法知识导图、时间轴对比及延续性动词转换口诀系统梳理差异，结合贵州交通发展案例增强家国情怀，分层练习（中考改编题、对话/短文填空）提升语境运用能力，助力教师高效落实语法教学，学生扎实掌握时态并培养综合素养。

Compare simple past tense and present perfect tense 第3课时 (Grammar Focus) Unit 1 The Changing World Lesson Objectives: In this lesson, we will be able to: 1. Knowledge aims: Master the difference between Present Perfect Tense and Simple Past Tense; learn & use new words: digital, audio, dirt, track, wide. 2. Ability aims: Correctly fill conversations and passages with proper verb tenses; distinguish Present Perfect & Simple Past through sentence comparison. 3. Emotional aims: Feel the great development of Guizhou transportation; take pride in hometown changes; cherish convenient life brought by infrastructure construction; realize the value of progress and hard work. 目 录 01 Lead in 02 Grammar 03 Practice 04 Language points 05 Exercise 06 Homework CONTENT Warm up Enjoy a song What tenses are used in this song? Lead in Look and say. Changes in My Hometown Past Present But now, great changes __________ (take) place. The government ____________ (build) wide roads. Many people ____________ (buy) cars. In the past, my hometown _______ (be) very poor. The roads ________ (be) just dirt tracks. We ________ (have) to walk for hours to get to the town center. was were had have taken has built have bought Lead in Look and say. Changes in My Hometown Past Present Now, a modern library ____________ (open). We can read digital books on computers and listen to __________ (音频的) books with headphones. In the past, there __________ (be) no library in our town. Students __________ (have) to read books only at school. was had has opened audio Lead in Look and say. Changes in My Hometown Past Present Now, they sell them to big cities by train. Some farmers have started to do live streaming with ________ (数字的) cameras in their greenhouses. In the past, farmers __________ (carry) fruit and vegetables to the local market on foot. carried digital Read the sentences and circle the verbs. Pay attention to the verb tenses. 4a He became a good friend of your grandfather 20 years ago. They haven’t seen each other for ages! We used to have to travel far to see a doctor. Our village has just built a new hospital. Many people used to work in big cities. Now, more of them have come back to live and work here. Simple Past（过去时，带明确过去时间标志） 标志词：ago, used to + 动词原形（描述过去常态，现在不再） Present Perfect（现在完成时，无明确过去时间，关联现在） 标志词：yet, just, ever, for, since 语法知识导图 一般过去时和现在完成时的区别 句式结构不同 侧重点不同 一般过去时：was/were 或 动词的过去式 现在完成时：have/has + 动词的过去分词 一般过去时：陈述过去发生的事情或 存在的状态 现在完成时：强调造成的结果或对现在 产生的影响 一般过去时：具体的表示过去的时间状语 现在完成时：表示频度或一段时间的状语 一般过去时和现在完成时的区别 时间状语不同 句式结构不同(行为动词) Grammar 句式 一般过去时 现在完成时 肯定句 主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他. e.g. He went to the library yesterday. 主语 + have/has + 过去分词 + 其他. e.g. He has gone to the library. 否定句 主语 + did not (didn't) + 动词原形 + 其他. e.g. He didn't go to the library yesterday. 主语 + have/has + not + 过去分词 + 其他. e.g. He hasn't gone to the library yet. 句式结构不同(行为动词) Grammar 句式 一般过去时 现在完成时 一般疑问句 及其回答 —Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他? —Yes, 主语 + did. / No, 主语 + didn't. e.g. —Did he go to the library yesterday? —Yes, he did. / No, he didn't. —Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他? —Yes, 主语 + have/has. / No, 主语 + haven't/hasn't. e.g. —Has he gone to the library yet? —Yes, he has. / No, he hasn't. 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他? e.g. When did he go to the library? 特殊疑问词 + have/has + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他? e.g. Where has he gone? Grammar 句式结构不同(be动词) 句式 一般过去时 现在完成时 肯定句 主语 + was/were + 表语. e.g. She was happy yesterday. 主语 + have/has + been + 表语. e.g. She has been happy since then. 否定句 主语 + wasn't/weren't + 表语. e.g. They weren't at home last night. 主语 + haven't/hasn't + been + 表语. e.g. They haven't been here for a long time. Grammar 句式结构不同(be动词) 句式 一般过去时 现在完成时 一般疑问句 及其回答 —Was/Were + 主语 + 表语? —Yes, 主语 + was/were. / No, 主语 + wasn't/weren't. e.g. Were you at school yesterday? —Yes, I was. / No, I wasn't. —Have/Has + 主语 + been + 表语? —Yes, 主语 + have/has. / No, 主语 + haven't/hasn't. e.g. Has she been a teacher for 10 years? —Yes, she has. / No, she hasn't. 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词 + was/were + 主语 + 表语? e.g. Why were you late for school? 特殊疑问词 + have/has + 主语 + been + 表语? e.g. How long has she been a teacher? 侧重点不同 Grammar 一般过去时：表示过去某个时间发生的事情或存在的状态， 说话的侧重点在陈述过去发生的事情或存在的状态。 e.g. I went to the library yesterday. 动作: 去图书馆 时间: 昨天（明确过去时间） 结果: 现在是否在图书馆？不知道，不关心。 now past future 侧重点不同 Grammar 现在完成时：表示到说话时为止已经发生(不一定结束)或完成的 动作或状态，强调造成的结果或对现在产生的影响。 e.g. He has lived here for 10 years. 动作开始: 10年前搬到这里 持续状态: 一直住在这里（从过去到现在） 现在情况: 现在仍住在这里（●） 未来可能: 还可能继续住下去（►） now past future Grammar 时间状语不同 一般过去时：通常与yesterday, last week, two years ago, just now, in 2022等具体的表示过去的时间状语连用。 现在完成时：通常与already, never, many times, so far, till now, recently, these days等表示频度或一段时间的状语连用。 e.g. I ________ to the zoo last week. 上周我去了动物园。 My father ________ that watch ten years ago. 我爸爸10年前买了那块手表。 He ______ already _________ his homework. 他已经完成了家庭作业。 I ______ never ________ the film before. 我以前从没看过这部影片。 went bought has finished have seen Grammar 拓展：延续性动词/非延续性动词 一般过去时既可以用延续性动词, 也可以用短暂性动词(瞬间动词/非延续 性动词)，没有任何限制！ 限制只存在于现在完成时中（特别是与 for / since 连用时）。 e.g. He died two years ago. He has died for two years. ❌ 应改为：He has been dead for two years. ✅ 常见的短暂性动词 → 延续性动词转换: die → be dead leave → be away borrow → keep buy → have open → be open close → be closed join → be in / be a member of begin/start → be on arrive/reach/get to → be in/at marry → be married Grammar 拓展：延续性动词/非延续性动词 e.g. He bought the car 3 years ago.（3年前买的，只说明过去动作。） → He has had the car for 3 years. （这辆车他买了3年了，现在仍有。） 标志性判断口诀（助记） 过去时，过去事，与今无关用过去式。 完成时，看影响，持续到现在不能忘。 yesterday, ago 用过去，already, yet 用完成。 for 和 since 要持续，短暂动词要变形。 挑战一：选择填空。 1. (2025北京中考改编）—Peter, did you play table tennis with your friends after school yesterday? —No, I didn’t. We ______ vegetables in our school garden. A. water B. have watered C. watered D. will water 2. (2026 宿迁市期末）So far, more and more students ______ good learning habits by making plans. A. develop B. have developed C. developed D. will develop 3. — ______ you ______ to the Great Wall yet? — Yes, I went there last year. A. Did; go B. Have; gone C. Have; been D. Do; go C B C 挑战一：选择填空。 4. My uncle ______ in this small town since he ______ 20 years old. A. lives; is B. lived; was C. has lived; was D. has lived; is 5. — Where is your brother? — He ______ to the supermarket. He ______ there 10 minutes ago. A. has gone; went B. has been; has gone C. went; has gone D. has been; went 6. I ______ this car for 5 years. I ______ it in 2021. A. have bought; bought B. have had; bought C. had; have bought D. have had; have bought 7. — ______ did you start to learn English? — I started to learn it when I was 7. A. How long B. How soon C. When D. How often C A B C 挑战二：阅读短文，用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。 There is a community park near my home. Five years ago, it ____________ (be) just a small place with dry grass and no trees. People ______________ (not like) to take a walk there at that time. Three years ago, the government ____________ (plant) many trees and built a small lake in it. Since then, the park ____________ (turn) into a beautiful place with fresh air. So far, my family and I ____________ (spend) a lot of happy time there together. was didn’t like planted has turned have spent Complete the conversation with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. 4b A: ________ you ________ (be) to the new library yet? B: No, I ____________ (not know ) there was a new library. When did it ________. (open)? A: It ________ (open) last Friday. I ________ (go) there with my grandpa on Saturday night. B: ________ you ________ (like) it? A: Of course! It’s the most high-tech library I ________ ever ________ (visit). B: Oh, what ________ you ________ (see) there? A: There are sections with books about science and Chinese culture, as well as a huge section with children’s books. I also ________ (read) some digital books on the computer. My grandpa ________ (1isten) to some audio books because he can’t see well. B: Cool! I ____________ (bring) my little brother there tomorrow. Have been didn’t know open opened went Do like have visited did see read listened will bring as well as 也；还 audio books 有声书 Language points 教材 P5 4b 1. There are sections with books about science and Chinese culture, as well as a huge section with children’s books. 有一个很大的儿童图书区，还有科学和中国文化图书区。 as well as 除.......之外，也，还 辨析: as well as 与 as well as well as as well 含义 除之外，也，还 也，还 位置 位于所连接的两个成分之间，不能位于句尾 通常位于句尾 用法 连接对等成分，在语义上通常强调其前面的 信息（翻译时通常先译后面的，再译前面的） 无侧重，用于补充信息 Language points 教材 P5 4b 1. There are sections with books about science and Chinese culture, as well as a huge section with children’s books. 有一个很大的儿童图书区，还有科学和中国文化图书区。 as well as 除.......之外，也，还 e.g. It's a good time for you to be with each other as well as having the enjoyable food. 这不但是你们品尝美味佳肴的好时光，也是你们相聚的好时光。 Reading more books can impove our English as well. 多读书也能提升我们的英语水平。 拓展：as well as连接两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词应与其前面的 主语保持人称和数的一致。 e.g. Tony as well as his friends is from England. 托尼还有他的朋友们都来自英格兰。 练习：He as well as his sisters ______ Chinese for ten years. A. study B. have studied C. has studied D. studies C Complete the passage with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. Why are local people richer and happier than before? 4c In the past, it _______ (be) difficult to travel in Guizhou. In many places, there used to _______ (be) no bridges to cross mountains and rivers, and most roads were just dirt tracks. This ________ (make) it difficult for locals to bring products to the market or to develop industry. Now great changes ____________ (take) place. The government ____________ (build) thousands of kilometres of highways, railways, and wide roads. It has also built many high bridges and tunnels. A journey that used to ________ (take) a day now takes only a few hours. As a result, the lives of local people ________________ (improve). They are much richer and happier than they once __________ (be). was be made have taken has built take have improved were in the past 在过去 跨越山河; 跋山涉水 泥巴路;土路 发展工业 take place 发生；进行 不及物动词短语, 其后 不接宾语。 as a result 结果;因此 Read again and find out the answers. 4c Why are local people richer and happier than before? Past Action It was difficult to travel in Guizhou. In many places, there used to be no bridges to cross mountains and rivers, and most roads were just dirt tracks. The government has built thousands of kilometres of highways, railways, and wide roads. It has also built many high bridges and tunnels. A journey that used to take a day now takes only a few hours. Read again and answer the questions. 4c In the past, it was difficult to travel in Guizhou. In many places, there used to be no bridges to cross mountains and rivers, and most roads were just dirt tracks. This made it difficult for locals to bring products to the market or to develop industry. Now great changes have taken place. The government has built thousands of kilometres of highways, railways, and wide roads. It has also built many high bridges and tunnels. A journey that used to take a day now takes only a few hours. As a result, the lives of local people have improved. They are much richer and happier than they once were. 1. What was hard for Guizhou people to do in the past? 2. What did most roads look like years ago? It was difficult for them to travel, bring products to the market, and develop industry. Most roads were just dirt tracks. Read again and answer the questions. 4c In the past, it was difficult to travel in Guizhou. In many places, there used to be no bridges to cross mountains and rivers, and most roads were just dirt tracks. This made it difficult for locals to bring products to the market or to develop industry. Now great changes have taken place. The government has built thousands of kilometres of highways, railways, and wide roads. It has also built many high bridges and tunnels. A journey that used to take a day now takes only a few hours. As a result, the lives of local people have improved. They are much richer and happier than they once were. 3. What great changes have taken place in Guizhou’s transport? 4. How has people’s life improved now? The government has built lots of highways, railways and high bridges. They are much richer and happier than before. Language points 教材 P5 4c 2. …, and most roads were just dirt tracks. ……,并且大部分道路也只是小土路。 dirt n. 泥土；尘土 【不可数名词】 e.g. Pack the dirt firmly round the plants. 将植物周围的土培实。 Little Tom is playing in the garden and his face and hands are covered with dirt. 小汤姆正在花园里玩，他的脸和手上全是泥。 词形拓展： dirt n. 泥土；尘土 → dirty adj. 脏的 e.g. If you step on the dirt in the yard, your shoes will get dirty quickly. 如果你踩到院子里的泥土，你的鞋子会很快变脏。 练习：The coat is very ________ (dirt), and you’d better wash it. dirty Language points 教材 P5 4c 3. This made it dificult for locals to bring products to the market or to develop industry. 这使得当地人很难把产品运到市场(售卖)或发展工业。 make it+adj.+for sb.+to do sth. 使做某事对某人来说…… 该句型中it是形式宾语，不可省略，真正的宾语是to do sth.。有此用法的常见动词还有find、think、consider等。 e.g. Some useful apps made it convenient for me to live here. 一些有用的应用程序让我在这里的生活很方便。(2025兰州中考) Teamwork makes it possible for us to finish the task quickly. 团队合作使我们快速完成任务成为可能。 We all consider it necessary for us to take notes in class. 我们都认为上课记笔记对我们来说很有必要。 练习： 团队合作让我们按时完成项目成为可能。 Teamwork makes it possible for us __________ the project on time. to finish Language points 教材 P5 4c 4. The government has built thousands of kilometres of highways, railways, and wide roads. 政府修建了数千千米的公路、铁路和宽阔的道路。 wide adj. 宽的；宽阔的 反义词：narrow 狭窄的 (表示道路、河流等)宽的 e.g. The small path starts narrow and becomes wide from here. 这条小路一开始很窄，到这个地方就变宽了。 (表示眼睛)睁大的 e.g. Her eyes were wide with wonder. 她惊讶地睁大了眼睛。 (表示距离)宽度为……的 e.g. The river is more than three metres wide. 这条河宽3米多。 练习：The hall is 15 meters wide.（同义句） The hall is 15 meters ________ ________. in width Key phrases 1. 也；还 ____________________ 2. 跨越山河; 跋山涉水 ____________________________ 3. 发展工业 _______________________ 4. 结果 ________________ 5. 在过去 ________________ 6. 小土路 ________________ as well as cross mountains and rivers develop industry as a resul in the past dirt tracks Exercises 1. My grandfather __________ (listen) to some audio books in the new library last week because he enjoys learning new things. 2. It is very convenient for us __________ (read) digital books on the computer instead of carrying heavy paper ones. 3. The government __________ (build) many wide roads and high bridges in Guizhou so far. 4. The dirt on these old __________ (track) made it hard for villagers to walk after the rain. 5. Please remember _____________ (not touch) the old paintings in the museum. They are very valuable. listened I. 用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。 to read has built tracks not to touch Exercises 1. 这个新的图书馆不仅有很多儿童书籍，也有一个很大的数字阅读区。 The new library has a big digital reading area ______ ______ ______ a huge section with children’s books. 2. 我们过去常常要翻山越岭去看病，但现在我们村里有了一家新医院。 We used to ______ __________ and _________ to see a doctor, but now there is a new hospital in our village. 3. 政府修建了数千公里的高速公路，结果，当地人的生活改善了很多。 The government has built thousands of kilometres of highways. ______ ______ ______, the lives of local people have improved a lot. 4. 在过去，大多数道路只是泥土路，这使得当地人很难发展工业。 ______ ______ ______, most roads were just dirt tracks, and this made it difficult for locals to _________ _________. 5. 我爷爷的眼睛不好，所以他更喜欢听有声书而不是看纸质书。 My grandpa can't see well, so he prefers to listen to ______ ______ rather than read paper books. as well as II. 根据汉语提示完成句子（每空一词）。 cross mountains rivers As a result In the past develop industry audio books Exercises III. 语法填空。 In the past, life in the small mountain village 1. __________ (be) very hard. There used to 2. __________ (be) no wide roads or bridges, so people had to walk a long way 3. __________ (cross) mountains and rivers. Most roads were just dirt tracks, and it was difficult 4. __________ locals to carry their products to the market. Now, great changes have taken place. The government 5. _____ already _____ (build) many new highways and bridges. A journey 6. __________ used to take a whole day now takes only two hours. 7. __________ a result, local people are much 8. __________ (rich) and happier than before. Many of them 9. __________ (come) back from big cities to work and live here. They can also read digital books and listen to audio books 10. __________ (easy) on their phones now. was be to cross for has built that/which As richer have come easily We learn: 1. New words & phrases: wide, dirt, track, digital books, audio books. 2. Grammar: The difference between Present Perfect Tense and Simple Past Tense; time markers yet, just, ever, for, since, ago, used to. 3. Sentence patterns: Have you ever done…?; I have just done…; sb. used to do sth.; How long have you…? We can: 1. Tell apart Present Perfect and Simple Past Tense in sentences and passages. 2. Fill blanks in conversations and articles with correct verb forms. Summary Homework 1. 基础层：背诵 5 个生词 + 两种时态核心时间标志词。 2. 提高层：用 80 词写短文《Changes in My Hometown》， 至少使用 3 个本课生词，2 句一般过去时、2 句现在完成时。 3. 拓展层：自主出 5 道时态辨析填空题，并附上答案。 Thank you! Lavf58.46.101 $请听到。IS, I flew the fees already. I have got I一丝的我。一丝的我。I help you爱你。都在i have school with a turn。The head of the death point in. I was good at the same.