Unit 1 Know yourself 语法篇 （连接词&that宾语从句）（“导”与“练”） 2026-2027学年九年级英语上册导练测同步（译林版2024）

本初中英语讲义聚焦“起连接作用的词”与“that引导的宾语从句”核心语法点，先系统梳理并列连词（如both...and...、not only...but also...等）和从属连词的分类、功能及例句，再深入讲解连接主语时谓语动词的一致原则（语义、就近、就远一致），最后阐述宾语从句的引导词、注意事项及主从句时态匹配，构建从词到句的递进式学习支架。 该资料通过表格对比呈现连词逻辑关系与主谓一致规则，结合“春节收压岁钱”“选择职业”等生活化例句，助力学生理解语法规则，提升语言运用能力。同时，清晰的结构设计和实例分析培养学生分析比较的思维品质，既方便教师课中高效授课，也利于学生课后回顾复习，查漏补缺，提升自主学习效率。

Unit 1 Know yourself语法篇 关于“起连接作用的词”语法内容，教材如是说： 起连接作用的词both ... and ...、not only ... but (also) ...、either ... or ...和neither ... nor ...都是常见的并列连词，它们可以连接两个并列的主语、谓语、宾语、表语、状语等。except和as well as也是常见的连接词。 ◆both ... and ...意思是“……和……两者都，既……又……”。如： Both New York and London have traffic problems.纽约和伦敦都存在交通问题。 He can both swim and skate.他既会游泳又会滑冰。 注意：当both ... and ...连接的两个成分在句中充当主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 如：Both she and I are good at English.她和我都擅长英语。 ◆not only ... but also ...意思是“不但……而且……，不仅……还有……”，其中also可以省略。如： They speak English not only in class but(also)at home. 他们不仅在课堂上说英语，在家里也说。 During the Spring Festival, children not only wear new clothes but(also)get lucky money from their parents and relatives.春节期间，孩子们不仅穿新衣服，还收到父母和亲戚给的压岁钱。 注意：当not only ... but (also) ...连接两个名词或代词充当主语时，其谓语动词应与 最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致，这就是我们通常说的“就近原则”。如： Not only the students but(also)the teachers have lunch at school.不仅学生们，还有老师们都在学校吃午饭。 ◆either ... or ...意思是“要么……要么……，或者……或者……，不是……就是……”，用于连接两个表示选择关系的词。如： When the girl is happy, she either sings or dances.那个女孩高兴时，不是唱就是跳。 注意：当either ... or ...连接两个主语时，应遵循“就近原则”。如： Either you or I am going there tomorrow.明天要么你去那里，要么我去那里。 ◆neither ... nor ...意思是“既不……也不……”，具有否定含义。如： It is neither too cold nor too dry in winter here.这里冬天既不太冷也不太干。 注意：当neither ... nor ...连接两个主语时，也应遵循“就近原则”。如： Neither Lily nor her parents are at home today.今天莉莉和她父母都不在家。 ◆except意思是“除了……以外”，表示某人或某物被排除在外。如： We go to school every day except Saturday and Sunday.除了周六和周日，我们每天都要上学。 Lots of people have big dreams, but they are too shy to tell anyone except their Grammar check 165 closest friends.很多人都有远大的理想，但是他们太害羞，除了最亲密的朋友不会告诉其他任何人。 All the students except Simon were in the classroom.除了西蒙以外，所有学生都在教室里。 注意：此处except是介词，后面所跟名词不做主语。 ◆as well as意思是“除……之外，也，还”。如： Before you pick a job, it is best to consider your personality as well as your goals. 选择一份职业前，最好考虑你的目标和个性。 注意：as well as连接两个主语时，谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致。如： His parents as well as his sister were invited to the party.不但他的父母，连他的妹妹也被邀请参加这次聚会。 区别：He doesn’t sing as well as Tom.他唱得不及汤姆好。 本句中的as well as 意思是“和……一样好”，是“as+adj./adv.+as”的用法，表示同级比较。 关于“that引导的宾语从句”语法内容，教材如是说： 宾语从句是指在复合句中充当宾语的句子。如： He thinks that he can go swimming tomorrow.他认为他明天能去游泳。 I am glad that you can come for dinner.我很高兴你能来吃晚餐。 注意：宾语从句可用于主句动词之后，常见的动词有know、think、believe、hope、mean等；也可用于主句形容词之后，常见的形容词有certain、sure、glad等。 ◆我们可用that引导宾语从句，此时从句部分相当于一个陈述句。如： I hear that you have passed the exam.我听说你通过考试了。 ◆引导宾语从句的that没有词义，不充当句子成分，在口语或非正式文体中常被省略。如： I do not believe(that)he will give up easily.我相信他不会轻易放弃。 起连接作用的词 一、连词的分类与功能 1. 并列连词 并列连词连接并列的词、短语或分句。 逻辑关系 例词和汉语意思 例句 并列关系 and和 注意：除表示并列关系外，还表示顺承或递进关系。 We should ___________________ it to realize our dreams.我们应当珍惜时间，并充分利用它去实现自己的梦想。 Get up early, and you’ll catch the early bus. 早点起床，你就会赶上早班公共汽车。 否定句中并列列举不用and，要用or： He does not like singing or dancing. 他既不喜欢唱歌，也不喜欢跳舞。 both ... and ...……和……两者都， 既……又…… _____________________________________ necessary when we face difficulties in study.在学习中面对难题时，耐心与勇气二者必不可少。 not only ... but(also) ...不但……而且……，不仅……还有……(其中 also可以省略) The activity can ___________________ our after-school life ___________________ our teamwork spirit.这项活动不但能丰富我们的课余生活，还能培养我们的团队合作精神。 neither ... nor ... 既不……也不…… ______________________________________ him give up his dream easily.他既不会因为压力，也不会因为挫折轻易放弃自己的梦想。 except除了……以外 (表示某人或某物被排除在外) All the students have handed in their weekly reports ___________________.除了一个粗心的男生之外，所有学生都上交了周记。 as well as也，还 Our headteacher ______________________ ________________ the voluntary environmental activities regularly.班主任连同许多学生都会定期参加环保志愿活动。 选择关系 or或者，否则 I can be ___________________r. 我可以成为一名好老师，或是一名好医生。 Get up early, _________________ the early bus. 早点起床，否则你会错过早班公共汽车。 either ... or ...要么……要么……，或者……或者……，不是……就是…… ___________________ responsible for the mistake. 不是你就是他要为这个错误负责。 not...but...不是……而是…… What matters is _________________________ _____________ day after day.重要的不是你的天赋，而是日复一日坚持不懈的努力。 转折关系 but但是 The road to success is full of challenges ______ _______________________________.通往成功的道路充满挑战，但我们绝不应该半途而废。 while而 Some students prefer staying indoors playing games ________________________________.有些学生偏爱待在室内打游戏，然而另一些学生热爱户外运动。 yet然而，但是 He has received little praise from teachers _____ _________________________________ quietly.他很少得到老师的表扬，然而他始终默默拼尽全力。 因果关系 so所以 注意：不能和because同时用 He stayed up late reviewing lessons last night, ___________________ in today’s math class.他昨晚熬夜复习功课，所以今天数学课上犯困了。 It began to rain, ____ we went home. ____________ it began to rain, we went home. 开始下雨了，所以我们就回家了。 for因为 She must have known the exam result, ________ _____________________________these days.她肯定已经知道考试成绩了，因为这些天她看上去放松了很多。 2. 从属连词 从属连词在主从复合句中连接主句和从句。(关于状语从句教材将陆续会涉及到) 所引导的从句 例词 例句 时间状语从句 when/while/as before after since as soon as until/till once I was reading a novel when my mother came back.妈妈回来的时候，我正在看小说。 My father was washing dishes while I was doing my homework.我写作业的时候，爸爸在洗碗。 As she walked along the street, she sang softly.她一边沿街走着，一边轻声唱歌。 You should review lessons carefully before you take an exam.考试之前你应该认真复习功课。 He always goes running after he finishes his homework.他写完作业后总会去跑步。 We have been good friends since we entered Grade Nine.自从升入九年级，我们就一直是好朋友。 I will call you as soon as I arrive at the train station.我一到火车站就给你打电话。 He kept practicing English until he could speak it fluently.他一直练习英语，直到能流利表达为止。 Once you make a decision, you should stick to it.一旦做出决定，你就应该坚持下去。 条件状语从句 if so/as long as in case unless If you keep working hard, you will make greater progress.如果你持续努力，就会取得更大进步。 You can go out to play as/so long as you finish all your homework.只要你写完所有作业，就可以出去玩。 Take an umbrella with you in case it rains this afternoon.带上一把伞，以防下午下雨。 You won’t pass the exam unless you spend enough time reviewing.除非你投入足够时间复习，否则考试无法及格。 原因状语从句 because as since now that 注意：because强调直接原因和因果关系； as表示对方已知的原因，语气较弱； since表示已知的、显然的理由，语气比because弱，但比as强 He felt tired because he stayed up late yesterday evening.他觉得疲惫，因为昨晚熬夜了。 As the weather is bad, we have to put off the outdoor activity.由于天气不好，我们不得不推迟户外活动。 Since you have known the truth, I won’t hide anything from you.既然你已经知道真相，我就不再对你隐瞒了。 Now that you are free, let’s discuss your study plan together.既然你有空，我们一起来聊聊你 的学习计划。 目的状语从句 so that in order that 注意：so that不能放句首； in order that可置于句首 She takes notes carefully so that she can review knowledge easily later.她认真记笔记，方便日后复习知识点。 In order that everyone can hear clearly, he speaks in a loud voice.为了所有人都能听清，他提高了说话音量。 结果状语从句 so that so...that/such...that 注意：so修饰形容词或副词； such修饰名词。 He missed the early bus so that he was late for class.他错过了早班车，结果上课迟到了。 The problem is so difficult that few students can work it out.这道题太难了，几乎没有学生能解出来。 It is such a meaningful activity that all students take part in it actively.这场活动很有意义，所有同学都积极参与。 让步状语从句 though/although even if/though whatever wherever whenever whoever however Although he faces lots of pressure, he never gives up trying.尽管他面临很多压力，却从未放弃尝试。 Even if you fail many times, you shouldn’t lose confidence.即使失败很多次，你也不该丧失信心。 Whatever happens, you should face them bravely.无论发生什么事，你都应该勇敢面对。 Wherever you go, you should remember your parents’ care.无论去往何方，你都要铭记父母的关怀。 You can turn to me for help whenever you get into trouble.无论何时陷入困境，你都可以来找我求助。 Whoever breaks the rule should accept the corresponding punishment.无论谁违反规定，都要接受相应处罚。 However busy you are, you should spare time for exercise.无论多忙碌，你都该抽出时间锻炼身体。 比较状语从句 than as...as... not as/so...as... He is more careful than most classmates in doing exercises.做题时，他比大多数同班同学更细心。 She is as outgoing as her elder sister.她和她姐姐一样性格开朗。 This novel is not so/as interesting as the one I read last month.这本小说不如我上个月读的那本有趣。 地点状语从句 where…… wherever Plant more trees where there is too much dry soil.在土壤干旱的地方多种树。 You can make progress wherever you keep studying hard.只要坚持勤学，你在哪里都能取得进步。 方式状语从句 as if/though as He talks as if he knew everything about the accident.他说话的样子，仿佛对整件事故了如指掌。 You should do everything as your teacher tells you.凡事你都应该按照老师的要求去做。 二、连词连接两个主语时，谓语动词的人称和数 情况 主谓匹配原则 例句 and连接两个主语 语义一致 Tom and Mike ________ basketball every weekend.汤姆和迈克每周末打篮球。 如果两个主语被认为是同一人或是一个整体，则谓语动词用单数： The writer and teacher ________ in our school. 那位作家兼老师在我校任职。 Bread and butter ________ my usual breakfast. 黄油面包是我常吃的早餐。 A knife and fork ________ on the dinner table. 餐桌上放着一副刀叉。 Lightning and thunder often ________ together before heavy rain.雷雨来临前，雷电常常相伴出现。 The bow and arrow ________ in ancient wars. 弓箭曾被用于古代战争。 both ... and ...连接两个主语 Both Lucy and her brother ________ reading novels. 露西和她弟弟都爱看小说。 not only ... but(also) 连接两个主语 就近一致 Not only I but also my dad ________ watching football games. 不光是我，我父亲也爱看足球赛。 neither ... nor ...连接两个主语 Neither she nor her brother ________ swimming. 她既不喜欢游泳，她弟弟也不喜欢游泳。 either ... or 连接两个主语 Either you or your sister ________ clean the room. 要么你，要么你妹妹得打扫房间。 not ... but ...连接两个主语 Not your elder brother but your two cousins ________ responsible for this mistake.要为这个失误负责的不是你哥哥，而是你的两个堂兄。 or连接两个主语 You or your deskmate ________ finish this task before class.你或者你的同桌必须在课前完成这项任务。 except连接两个主语 就远一致 Everyone except me ________ the chess club.除了我，所有人都加入了象棋社团。 as well as连接两个主语 Lily as well as her friends ________ listening to music.莉莉和她的朋友们都喜欢听音乐。 特别提醒：当连词连接两个主语，连词之间相互转换时，要注意谓语动词的人称和数的变化。 Both his classmates and his teacher help him a lot.(not only ... but also, as well as) → . → . that引导的宾语从句 1. 整体感知宾语从句的引导词 引导词 特点 例句 ________ 只起连接作用，在名词从句中不作任何成分，也没有具体的意思。 I believe ________ our team will win the football match.我相信我们队会赢得这场足球比赛。 ________ 只起连接作用，在名词从句中不作任何成分，但是有具体的意思，译为“是否”。 I wonder ________ we can go hiking this weekend.我想知道我们这个周末能不能去远足。 Please tell me ________ you have finished your English report.请告诉我你是否写完了你的英语报告。 连接代词________________ ________等 不仅起连接作用，在名词从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语等成分，有具体的意思。 Do you know ________ he talked about just now?你知道他刚才谈论了什么吗？ (________________) Nobody knows ________ will give us a speech tomorrow.没人知道明天谁会给我们做演讲。(who在从句中作主语) I don’t know ________ you met at the street corner.我不知道你在街角遇见了谁。 (________________) Can you tell me ________ notebook this is?你能告诉我这是谁的笔记本吗？ (________________) She hasn’t decided ________ book she should choose.她还没决定她该选哪一本书。 (________________) 连接副词_________________________ _______等 不仅起连接作用，在名词从句中作状语，有具体的意思。 Could you tell me ________ the school sports meeting will start?你能告诉我校运会什么时候开始吗？ I want to know ________ your new library stands. 我想知道你们的新图书馆坐落在哪里。 He asked me ________ I was late for class this morning.他问我今早为什么上课迟到了。 Please show me ________ you work out this difficult problem.请给我展示一下你是怎样解出这道难题的。 2. that引导宾语从句的注意点 情况 注意点 例句 不可省略that的情况 谓语动词后跟两个(或两个以上)宾语从句时只有第一个连词that可省略。 He says (that) he likes music and ________ he plays the guitar every day.他说他喜欢音乐，而且他每天弹吉他。 谓语动词与宾语从句之间有插入成分时，that不可省略。 I think, as you know, ________ you should correct your mistakes at once.你也知道，我认为你应该立刻改正自己的错误。 当宾语从句中有it为其形式宾语时，that不可省略。 We find it necessary ________ we review lessons every evening.我们发现每天晚上复习功课很有必要。 否定的转移 think, believe, suppose, expect, guess, imagine 句子主语要为第一人称，主句时态通常为一般现在时。 I don’t think I know you. I don’t believe that he will give up easily. We don’t suppose they can finish the task today. I don’t expect that it will rain this afternoon. I don’t guess she knows the secret. I don’t imagine you have met my elder sister before. 注意以下情况否定不需转移： He thinks you aren’t right. ___________________ I thought he wasn’t late._____________________ 主从句时态的匹配 ①主句是现在时(一般现在时，一般将来时，现在进行时，现在完成时)，从句该用什么时态就用什么时态； ②主句是过去时(一般过去时，过去进行时)，从句只用过去某种相应时态； ③从句表示客观真理或事实时，主句即使用过去时，从句仍然用一般现在时。 总结：主现从实，主过从过，真理除外。 ①“John speaks highly of you.” Tom tells me. →Tom tells me that John speaks highly of me. 汤姆告诉我约翰高度评价我。 ②“We shall have the meeting at once.” The boy told me. →The boy told me that they should have the meeting at once.男孩告诉我他们应该立刻开会。 ③“The earth goes around the sun.” The teacher told the students. →The teacher told the students that the earth goes around the sun.老师告诉学生们地球绕着太阳走。 以下知识只要求你了解即可： suggest建议/advise劝告/recommend推荐、建议/order命令/request请求/require要求/insist坚决/坚持要求+that宾语从句(从句中谓语动词用should+动词原形，should还可以省略)。 ①He suggests that we(should)start early.他建议我们早点出发。 ②I advise that you(should)give up smoking.我劝你戒烟。 ③Experts recommend that we(should)sleep eight hours a day. 专家推荐/建议我们每天睡八小时。 ④The officer ordered that the soldiers(should)set off at once. 军官命令士兵立刻出发。 ⑤Visitors request that they(should)be allowed to enter.访客请求准许他们进入。 ⑥The rule requires that everyone(should)wear a uniform. 规定要求所有人穿制服。 ⑦He insisted that he (should) go there himself.他坚决要求亲自去那里。 两个注意点： insist坚持认为(某个事实)→陈述语气，不用should： He insisted that he was innocent.他坚持认为自己是无辜的。 suggest表“暗示、表明”时，不用should： His expression suggested that he was angry.他的神情表明他生气了。 第 1 页 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 语法篇 (满分50分，答题时间45分钟) 一、单项选择(每题1分，满分20分) 1. The art festival is ________ fun ________ educational. We can learn a lot from it. A. either, or B. neither, nor C. not only, but also D. both, and 【答案】C 【解析】句意：这个艺术节不仅有趣，还有教育意义。我们能从中学到很多。either...or...要么……要么……；neither...nor...既不……也不……；not only...but also...不仅……而且……；both...and...既……又……。句中两个形容词是递进关系，用not only...but also...连接，先说明艺术节有趣，再递进突出它还有教育意义，故选C。 2. —We’re going to climb Mount Tai this Saturday. Would you like to come along?   —I’m in! That would be pleasant ________ challenging. A. as long as B. as far as C. as good as D. as well as 【答案】D 【解析】句意：“我们这个周六要去爬泰山。你想一起去吗？”“算我一个！那将会是愉快又具有挑战性的。”as long as只要；as far as就……而言，远至；as good as与……一样好；as well as也，又。根据句意，爬山既“愉快”又“具有挑战性”，两者是并列关系，故应用as well as连接，故选D。 3. — It’s ________ the crowded traffic ________ the high living cost. The only reason is the terrible pollution. A. not only, but also B. either, or C. both, and D. neither, nor 【答案】D 【解析】句意：“你为什么不习惯这样一个大城市的生活？”“既不是拥挤的交通，也不是高昂的生活成本。唯一的原因是糟糕的污染。”not only, but also不仅……而且……；either, or要么…… 要么……； both, and两者都……；neither, nor既不…… 也不……。答句后半句说“The only reason is the terrible pollution.”，说明“the crowded traffic ”和“the high living cost”都不是不习惯城市生活的原因，需要表示两者都否定的连词。 4. My parents want me to get further study to be ________ an engineer ________ a scientist, ________ I would like to be a famous doctor. A. neither, nor, and B. either, or, but C. not only, but also, so D. both, and, or 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我父母希望我进一步深造，成为一名工程师或者一名科学家，但我想成为一名著名的医生。  neither...nor...既不……也不……；either...or...要么……要么……；not only...but also...不但……而且……；both...and...两者都；and并且；but但是；so所以；or或者。结合语境可知，父母希望“我”在工程师和科学家两个职业中选择其一，用“either...or...”合适；而“我”的想法和父母的期望相反，是转折关系，要用“but”连接，故选B。 5. He has ________ brothers ________ sisters. He is the only child in his family. A. no, or B. not, and C. no, and D. not, or 【答案】A 【解析】他没有兄弟姐妹，他是家里的独生子。no没有；or或者；not不，没有；and和。此句的前句“He has … brothers”的“brothers”是名词，不可用“not”修饰，“no”是形容词，可以直接修饰名词“brothers”(have no +复数名词=don’t have any+复数名词)，因为此句是否定句，在否定句中，连接两个并列成分通常用“or”，而不用“and”，所以“brothers … sisters”之间用“or”。所以第一空用“no”，第二空用“or”，故选A。 6. I have only two tickets for Cats. ________ you ________ he can go with me. A. Either, or B. Neither, nor C. Both, and D. As, as 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我只有两张《猫》的票，要么你要么他可以跟我一起去。Either ...or要么……要么……；Neither ... nor既不……也不……；Both ... and两者都；As ...as和…… 一样。根据前句“I have only two tickets for Cats.”可知，说话者一共只有两张票，无法同时带上两个人，只能在你和他之间选择一人同行，符合either…or…二选一的用法，故选 A。 7. My grandma lives actively. She says youth is ________ a time of life, ________ a state of mind. A. either, or B. neither, nor C. both, and D. not, but 【答案】D 【解析】句意：我的奶奶生活得很积极。她说青春不是生命的一段时光，而是一种精神状态。either...or... 要么……要么……；neither...nor... 既不……也不……；both ... and ...……和……两者都；not ... but ...不是……而是……。根据“My grandma lives actively”可知，生活积极，说明青春不是一段时光，而是一种精神状态，故选D。 8. It is not about what you say, ________ what you do. A. and B. but C. or D. so 【答案】B 【解析】句意：这不是关于你说什么，而是关于你做什么。and和；but但是；or或者；so所以。固定搭配not...but...表示“不是……而是……”，结合句子逻辑，此处表示转折对比，故选B。 9. The environment, including your education, your experiences ________ people around you, can change your personality. A. as long as B. as well as C. as soon as D. as far as 【答案】B 【解析】句意：环境，包括你的教育、你的经历以及你周围的人，可以改变你的性格。as long as只要(引导条件状语从句)；as well as以及、也、和(用作连词连接并列成分)；as soon as一……就……(引导时间状语从句)；as far as至于、就……而言(常用于引导限制范围的短语或从句)。根据句中“including your education, your experiences…people around you”可知，此处介词including后面接了并列的词组作其宾语。为连接“your experiences”和“people around you”这两个并列部分，应填表示并列关系的“as well as”，意为“以及”。 10. He works very hard every day, ________ he is good at all subjects. A. if B. and C. or D. but 【答案】B 【解析】句意：他每天学习都很努力，而且他各门功课都很好。if如果；and和、而且；or或者；but但是。根据“He works very hard every day”与“he is good at all subjects”可知，前后句之间是顺承关系，努力学习和成绩好是正向关联，不存在条件、选择或转折关系，应填并列连词and。 11. —Frank learned French and German ________ English in the junior high school. —Yes. He is good at speaking these three languages. ________ my classmates ________ my English teacher admires him a lot. A. besides, Both, and B. except, Either, or C. except, Neither, nor D. besides, Not only, but also 【答案】D 【解析】句意：“弗兰克在初中时除了学英语外，还学了法语和德语。”“是的。他擅长说这三种语言。我的同学和我的英语老师都很钦佩他。”besides除……之外(包括在内)；except除……之外(不包括在内)。根据“He is good at speaking these three languages.”可知，英语也在学习之列，故用besides，排除BC。both...and...两者都；not only...but also不但……而且……。根据“admires”可知，Both…and…作主语谓语必须用复数形式，排除A，故选D。 12. All classmates ________ Jack often ________ basketball after school. A. besides, plays B. except, play C. as well as, plays D. or, play 【答案】B 【解析】句意：除了杰克以外，所有同学放学后经常打篮球。besides, except 为介词，as well as为补充性连接短语；三者后面所接名词仅作补充成分，不能决定谓语单复数，谓语动词必须和前面主语保持人称、数的一致。主语是 All classmates为复数，故谓语动词用play。or连接两个主语时，谓语动词要遵循“就近一致”的主谓一致原则，且“所有同学或者杰克”语义逻辑也不通，故选B。 13. Wang Wencai’s granddaughter didn’t know ________ her grandfather was a world-famous scientist for a long time. A. what B. that C. if D. whether 【答案】B 【解析】句意：很长一段时间，王文采的孙女都不知道她的祖父是一位世界著名的科学家。what什么；that引导宾语从句，无实义；if是否；whether是否。“didn’t know...her grandfather was a world-famous scientist for a long time”表明从句是表示既定事实的完整陈述句，不缺成分，应用that引导宾语从句，无实义，仅起连接作用，故选B。 14. — The table tennis match is so exciting. The opposite team is really strong. — Yes, but I never doubt ________ our team will win. A. if B. that C. whether D. why 【答案】B 【解析】句意：“乒乓球比赛真让人兴奋。对方的队伍真的很强大。”“是的，但是我从不怀疑我们队会赢。”考查宾语从句。if如果；that无意义；whether是否；why为什么。根据“...our team will win.”可知此句用that引导，无意义，不作成分，故选B。 15. She also advised ________ I should keep a vocabulary notebook to record new words. A. what B. if C. whether D. that 【答案】D 【解析】句意：她还建议我应该准备一个词汇本来记录新单词。what连接代词，在从句中充当主语、宾语等成分；if/whether连词，意为“是否”；that连词，引导陈述句形式的宾语从句，在从句中不充当成分，且没有实际意义。分析句子结构可知，空后“I should keep…”是一个意义完整的陈述句，表示建议的内容，应用that引导宾语从句。 16. I’m afraid ________ I can’t attend your birthday party this Saturday. A. of B. to C. that D. what 【答案】C 【解析】句意：恐怕这周六我不能参加你的生日派对了。be afraid of，后接名词或动名词，不可以接句子；be afraid to，后接动词原形；be afraid that ...后接宾语从句。空格后是完整句子，故选C。 17. Lily promised ________ she would be a good listener in communication. A. / B. to C. doing D. her 【答案】A 【解析】句意：莉莉保证她在交流中会做一个好的倾听者。to到、向、对于；doing做；her她。promise后面可以直接接宾语从句，引导词that可以省略；to后只能接动词原形，不能接句子，故选A。 18. She reminds us ________ we can’t run in the hallway. A. of B. to C. that D. about 【答案】C 【解析】句意：她提醒我们不能在走廊里奔跑。 of用于remind sb of sth(后接名词/名词短语)；to用于remind sb to do sth(后接动词不定式)；that引导宾语从句，后接完整陈述句；about不与remind搭配引导从句。根据空格后“we can’t run in the hallway”是完整句子，可知，需用that引导宾语从句。 19. I am excited ________ I will take part in the school sports meeting. A. that B. what C. when D. how 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我很激动我将要参加校运动会。that那个；what什么；when什么时候；how怎样。前半句是 “I am excited”表示一种情绪或状态；后半句是“I will take part in the school sports meeting.”，这是一个完整的陈述句，使用“that”来引导后面的从句，用来解释为什么“我”会感到兴奋。 20. I am sure ________ our team will win the final game. A. what B. that C. when D. where 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我确信我们队会赢得决赛。what在从句中要充当主语/宾语；that引导陈述句作宾语从句，无词义、不作句子成分；when表时间；where表地点。空格后句子是完整陈述句，不缺成分，需用that引导宾语从句。 二、句型转换(每题1分，满分15分) 注意：1-14题“改为同义句”。 1. Tom has attended the concert. Kelly has attended the concert, too. →________ Tom ________ Kelly have attended the concert. 【答案】Both, and 【解析】句意：Tom参加了音乐会。Kelly也参加了音乐会。也就是说“Tom和Kelly都参加了音乐会。”both…and…意为“……和……都”，连接并列的主语时，谓语动词用复数；not only…but also…意为“不仅……，而且……”，连接并列的主语时，谓语动词采取就近原则。该句中助动词是have，符合both … and …的用法，句首单词的首字母要大写。 2. John isn’t interested in playing basketball. Peter isn’t interested in playing basketball. →________________interested in playing basketball. 【答案】Neither John nor Peter is 【解析】句意：约翰对打篮球不感兴趣。彼得对打篮球不感兴趣。neither...nor…表示“既不……，也不……”，连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的数与离它最近的主语保持一致，主语是第三人称单数，因此be动词是is，句首单词的首字母要大写。 3. In her spare time, Teacher Wang loves reading as well as writing. →In her spare time, Teacher Wang loves ________ reading ________ writing. 【答案】not only, but also 【解析】句意：在业余时间，王老师既爱写作又爱读书。as well as表示“也”，也就是两者都喜欢，可以用not only…but also…“不仅……而且……”进行转换。 4. Both Tom and I arrived in China two weeks ago. →Tom as well as I ___________ in China for two weeks. 【答案】has been 【解析】句意：汤姆和我两周前都到了中国。根据转换句中的时间“for two weeks”可知，句中应该用现在完成时，主语是as well as引导的两部分，谓语动词应该用“就远原则”，所以应与Tom一致，所以谓语动词应用has，原句中的arrive的延续性动词是be in，故填has been。 5. Both his father and mother are teachers. →___________ his father ___________ his mother ________ a teacher. 【答案】Not only, but also, is 【解析】句意：他父母都是老师。both...and...可与not only…but also进行同义句式转换。但是要注意：not only…but also连接两个名词或代词做主语时，谓语动词有就近原则，靠近谓语的主语为 his mother，是单数，故要把原句的“are”换成“is”。 6. Both Tom and his brother like playing computer games. →Tom _____________ his brother ________ playing computer games. 【答案】as well as, likes 【解析】句意：汤姆和他的哥哥都喜欢玩电脑游戏。both...and...“……和……都”，可替换成as well as表示“和”，连接两个并列主语的时候，谓语动词遵循“就远一致原则”，即谓语动词和Tom保持一致；Tom是单数第三人称，所以动词like用三单形式。 7. Kung fu is a Chinese symbol. We know it. →We know _________ kung fu _________ a Chinese symbol. 【答案】that, is 【解析】句意：功夫是中国的象征。我们知道。原句要把陈述句“Kung fu is a Chinese symbol”变成“We know”的宾语，陈述句作宾语从句时，引导词用that；主句“We know”是一般现在时，宾语从句时态保持原句不变，从句主语kung fu是第三人称单数，所以谓语还是用原句的is。 8. “The parade will be the best part of the trip,” said Jim. →Jim said ________ the parade ________ be the best part of the trip. 【答案】that would 【解析】句意：吉姆说：“游行会是这次旅行中最精彩的部分。”改为含有宾语从句的复合句时，直接引语变间接引语，陈述句作宾语从句用 “that” 引导，主句 “said” 是一般过去时，从句要用相应过去时态，原直接引语中“will”变为 “would”。 9. “You should not wear shoes indoors in Japan,” the guide reminded us. →The guide reminded us _________________________ shoes indoors in Japan. 【答案】(that)we should not wear 【解析】句意：导游提醒我们：“在日本室内不应该穿鞋。”原句“You should not wear shoes indoors in Japan”是陈述句，改为宾语从句时，需用that引导(that 无实义，可省略)；直接引语中的主语You指的是主句中的宾语us，因此从句主语需改为we；主句谓语动词reminded是过去式，should为情态动词，无需变换时态；宾语从句保持陈述语序，原句已是陈述语序，故无需调整。 10. We find it easy to get on well with Daniel. →We find ______________________ easy to get on well with Daniel. 【答案】that it is 【解析】句意：我们发现与丹尼尔相处很容易。原句结构为“find it adj to do sth”，可以改为find that it is adj to do sth，此处find后为宾语从句，使用连接词that。 11. I hope to be back soon. →I hope ______________________ back soon. 【答案】that I will be 【解析】句意：我希望很快回来。hope to do sth.“希望做某事” 的同义结构为“hope that +从句”，从句主语是I，时态为一般将来时，结构为will+动词原形，be back soon“很快回来”。 12. There will be a parents’ meeting in two days. Jack didn’t know. →Jack didn’t know ________ there ________ be a parents’ meeting in two days. 【答案】that, would 【解析】主句Jack didn't know是一般过去时，后跟that引导的宾语从句，而且根据时态一致原则从句需用相应的过去时态，原句的一般将来时will 要变为过去将来时would。应填that；would。 13. Our teacher advised the class to study hard for the next exam. →Our teacher ________ to the class that they ________ study hard for the next exam. 【答案】suggested, should 【解析】句意：我们老师建议全班同学为下次考试努力学习。advised意为“建议”，可以将其替换为suggested，意为“建议”；在动词suggest后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用should+动词原形。 14. We all agree that we should make a better plan. →We all ___________ make a better plan. 【答案】agree to 【解析】句意：我们都同意我们应该制定一个更好的计划。“agree that+从句”意思为“同意做某事”；“agree to do sth.”意思为“同意做某事”；当主句从句的主语相同时，“agree that+从句”可以使用“agree to do sth.”改为简单句。 15. Either Nina or Sarah is going to the Great Wall. (改为否定句) →________ Nina ________ Sarah is going to the Great Wall. 【答案】Neither, nor 【解析】句意：要么是尼娜，要么是萨拉要去长城。either...or...“要么……要么……”，表示两者中其一，其否定是“两者都不”，其英文表达为neither ... nor ...。 三、完成句子(每题1.5分，满分15分) 1. 他既不担心失败，也不在意他人的夸奖。 He ________ worries about failure ________ cares about others’ praise. 【答案】neither, nor 【解析】原句中“既不……也不……”是关键词，“既不……也不……”对应的英文表达是“neither... nor...”，用于连接两个并列的成分，表示否定两者。 2. 晚上她要么看电视，要么玩电脑游戏。 In the evening, she ________________ computer games. 【答案】either watches TV or plays 【解析】either…or“要么……要么……”；watch TV“看电视”；play computer games“打游戏”。根据句意可知本句是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，动词用三单形式。故填either watches TV or plays。 3. 王老师不但是我们的老师，而且是我们的朋友。 Mr Wang is ________________ our teacher ________________ our friend. 【答案】not only, but also 【解析】not only…but also“不但……而且”，连接并列成分，故填not；only；but；also。 4. 我很惊讶这些房子建于明朝。 I _______________________ these houses date from the Ming Dynasty. 【答案】am surprised that 【解析】be surprised that“惊讶于……”，that引导宾语从句，根据“date”可知，主句可采用一般现在时，主语为I，be动词用am。 5. 王老师也告诉了学生他们下周三要分享他们的视频。 Miss Wang also told the students ______________________ their videos next Wednesday. 【答案】that they would share 【解析】根据中英文提示可知，空格处表示“他们要分享”，这句话是宾语从句，作told的宾语，用“that”引导；主句是一般过去时，从句表示过去将来的动作，用“would+动词原形”结构；“分享”用share，从句主语是they。 6. 她期望妈妈给她买一部手机。 She __________________ her mother _______________ her a mobile phone. 【答案】expects that, will buy 【解析】根据汉语提示可知，此处缺少“期望”，引导宾语从句的连接词以及动词“买”。期望“expect”，其后若接一个完整的宾语从句，通常用“that”引导，句子描述当前状态，用一般现在时，主语是“She”，谓语动词第三人称单数“expects”，买手机是将来的动作，从句用一般将来时will buy。 7. 史料记载，海上丝绸之路上建立了多条贸易路线。 The historical records reported ________ several trade routes _____________________ along the Maritime Silk Road. 【答案】that, were set up   【解析】原句中“建立了”是关键词，“建立”对应的英文表达是“set up”，且“史料记载”后面一般接宾语从句，用“that”引导，“建立”这个动作发生在过去，所以要用一般过去时的被动语态“were set up” ，表示“多条贸易路线被建立”。 8. 我认为我们应当保护身边的环境，这十分重要。(用宾语从句) I think ________ very important ____________________ the environment around us. 【答案】it, that we should protect 【解析】本句为it 作形式宾语的句型：主语+think/find/feel+it+形容词+ that宾语从句。其中it是形式宾语，用来替代后面过长的从句，避免句子头重脚轻；真正的宾语是that引导的完整从句。第一空填代词it，充当形式宾语；后半部分用that引导宾语从句，从句语序为陈述语序，“我们应当保护”译为we should protect。 9. 我们相信全运会的精神会鼓舞人们为更美好的未来而努力。 We believe ________ the spirit of the National Games ________________ people ________ work harder for a better future. 【答案】that, will encourage, to 【解析】第一空用 that 引导宾语从句；“鼓舞”是encourage，从句表将来，整体用一般将来时will encourage；固定搭配encourage sb to do sth表示“鼓励某人做某事”，第三个空格填不定式符号 to。 10. 我认为他不会开会迟到。 I _____________________ he will be late for the meeting. 【答案】don’t think(that) 【解析】原句中“认为”和“不”是关键词，“认为”用think表达，其后接宾语从句，当主句主语是I“我”时，且主句谓语动词为think时，从句部分的否定往往前移到主句，根据从句“he will be late for the meeting”的时态，可知主句为一般现在时，主语是I，谓语动词是实义动词，构成否定句要借助助动词don’t，don’t后接动词原形，宾语从句部分为肯定句，用连接词that(可省略)连接宾语从句。 第 1 页 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Know yourself语法篇 关于“起连接作用的词”语法内容，教材如是说： 起连接作用的词both ... and ...、not only ... but (also) ...、either ... or ...和neither ... nor ...都是常见的并列连词，它们可以连接两个并列的主语、谓语、宾语、表语、状语等。except和as well as也是常见的连接词。 ◆both ... and ...意思是“……和……两者都，既……又……”。如： Both New York and London have traffic problems.纽约和伦敦都存在交通问题。 He can both swim and skate.他既会游泳又会滑冰。 注意：当both ... and ...连接的两个成分在句中充当主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 如：Both she and I are good at English.她和我都擅长英语。 ◆not only ... but also ...意思是“不但……而且……，不仅……还有……”，其中also可以省略。如： They speak English not only in class but(also)at home. 他们不仅在课堂上说英语，在家里也说。 During the Spring Festival, children not only wear new clothes but(also)get lucky money from their parents and relatives.春节期间，孩子们不仅穿新衣服，还收到父母和亲戚给的压岁钱。 注意：当not only ... but (also) ...连接两个名词或代词充当主语时，其谓语动词应与 最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致，这就是我们通常说的“就近原则”。如： Not only the students but(also)the teachers have lunch at school.不仅学生们，还有老师们都在学校吃午饭。 ◆either ... or ...意思是“要么……要么……，或者……或者……，不是……就是……”，用于连接两个表示选择关系的词。如： When the girl is happy, she either sings or dances.那个女孩高兴时，不是唱就是跳。 注意：当either ... or ...连接两个主语时，应遵循“就近原则”。如： Either you or I am going there tomorrow.明天要么你去那里，要么我去那里。 ◆neither ... nor ...意思是“既不……也不……”，具有否定含义。如： It is neither too cold nor too dry in winter here.这里冬天既不太冷也不太干。 注意：当neither ... nor ...连接两个主语时，也应遵循“就近原则”。如： Neither Lily nor her parents are at home today.今天莉莉和她父母都不在家。 ◆except意思是“除了……以外”，表示某人或某物被排除在外。如： We go to school every day except Saturday and Sunday.除了周六和周日，我们每天都要上学。 Lots of people have big dreams, but they are too shy to tell anyone except their Grammar check 165 closest friends.很多人都有远大的理想，但是他们太害羞，除了最亲密的朋友不会告诉其他任何人。 All the students except Simon were in the classroom.除了西蒙以外，所有学生都在教室里。 注意：此处except是介词，后面所跟名词不做主语。 ◆as well as意思是“除……之外，也，还”。如： Before you pick a job, it is best to consider your personality as well as your goals. 选择一份职业前，最好考虑你的目标和个性。 注意：as well as连接两个主语时，谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致。如： His parents as well as his sister were invited to the party.不但他的父母，连他的妹妹也被邀请参加这次聚会。 区别：He doesn’t sing as well as Tom.他唱得不及汤姆好。 本句中的as well as 意思是“和……一样好”，是“as+adj./adv.+as”的用法，表示同级比较。 关于“that引导的宾语从句”语法内容，教材如是说： 宾语从句是指在复合句中充当宾语的句子。如： He thinks that he can go swimming tomorrow.他认为他明天能去游泳。 I am glad that you can come for dinner.我很高兴你能来吃晚餐。 注意：宾语从句可用于主句动词之后，常见的动词有know、think、believe、hope、mean等；也可用于主句形容词之后，常见的形容词有certain、sure、glad等。 ◆我们可用that引导宾语从句，此时从句部分相当于一个陈述句。如： I hear that you have passed the exam.我听说你通过考试了。 ◆引导宾语从句的that没有词义，不充当句子成分，在口语或非正式文体中常被省略。如： I do not believe(that)he will give up easily.我相信他不会轻易放弃。 起连接作用的词 一、连词的分类与功能 1. 并列连词 并列连词连接并列的词、短语或分句。 逻辑关系 例词和汉语意思 例句 并列关系 and和 注意：除表示并列关系外，还表示顺承或递进关系。 We should value time and make full use of it to realize our dreams.我们应当珍惜时间，并充分利用它去实现自己的梦想。 Get up early, and you’ll catch the early bus. 早点起床，你就会赶上早班公共汽车。 否定句中并列列举不用and，要用or： He does not like singing or dancing. 他既不喜欢唱歌，也不喜欢跳舞。 both ... and ...……和……两者都， 既……又…… Both patience and courage are necessary when we face difficulties in study.在学习中面对难题时，耐心与勇气二者必不可少。 not only ... but(also) ...不但……而且……，不仅……还有……(其中 also可以省略) The activity can not only enrich our after-school life but also improve our teamwork spirit.这项活动不但能丰富我们的课余生活，还能培养我们的团队合作精神。 neither ... nor ... 既不……也不…… Neither pressure nor failure makes him give up his dream easily.他既不会因为压力，也不会因为挫折轻易放弃自己的梦想。 except除了……以外 (表示某人或某物被排除在外) All the students have handed in their weekly reports except one careless boy.除了一个粗心的男生之外，所有学生都上交了周记。 as well as也，还 Our headteacher as well as many students takes part in the voluntary environmental activities regularly.班主任连同许多学生都会定期参加环保志愿活动。 选择关系 or或者，否则 I can be a good teacher or a good doctor. 我可以成为一名好老师，或是一名好医生。 Get up early, or you’ll miss the early bus. 早点起床，否则你会错过早班公共汽车。 either ... or ...要么……要么……，或者……或者……，不是……就是…… Either you or he is responsible for the mistake. 不是你就是他要为这个错误负责。 not...but...不是……而是…… What matters is not your natural talent but your continuous efforts day after day.重要的不是你的天赋，而是日复一日坚持不懈的努力。 转折关系 but但是 The road to success is full of challenges but we should never give up halfway.通往成功的道路充满挑战，但我们绝不应该半途而废。 while而 Some students prefer staying indoors playing games while others love doing outdoor sports.有些学生偏爱待在室内打游戏，然而另一些学生热爱户外运动。 yet然而，但是 He has received little praise from teachers yet he always keeps trying his best quietly.他很少得到老师的表扬，然而他始终默默拼尽全力。 因果关系 so所以 注意：不能和because同时用 He stayed up late reviewing lessons last night, so he felt sleepy in today’s math class.他昨晚熬夜复习功课，所以今天数学课上犯困了。 It began to rain, so we went home. Because it began to rain, we went home. 开始下雨了，所以我们就回家了。 for因为 She must have known the exam result, for she looks much relaxed these days.她肯定已经知道考试成绩了，因为这些天她看上去放松了很多。 2. 从属连词 从属连词在主从复合句中连接主句和从句。(关于状语从句教材将陆续会涉及到) 所引导的从句 例词 例句 时间状语从句 when/while/as当……时 before在……之前 after在……之后 since自从…… as soon as一……就…… until/till直到……为止 once一旦 I was reading a novel when my mother came back.妈妈回来的时候，我正在看小说。 My father was washing dishes while I was doing my homework.我写作业的时候，爸爸在洗碗。 As she walked along the street, she sang softly.她一边沿街走着，一边轻声唱歌。 You should review lessons carefully before you take an exam.考试之前你应该认真复习功课。 He always goes running after he finishes his homework.他写完作业后总会去跑步。 We have been good friends since we entered Grade Nine.自从升入九年级，我们就一直是好朋友。 I will call you as soon as I arrive at the train station.我一到火车站就给你打电话。 He kept practicing English until he could speak it fluently.他一直练习英语，直到能流利表达为止。 Once you make a decision, you should stick to it.一旦做出决定，你就应该坚持下去。 条件状语从句 if如果 so/as long as只要 in case以防万一 unless除非 If you keep working hard, you will make greater progress.如果你持续努力，就会取得更大进步。 You can go out to play as/so long as you finish all your homework.只要你写完所有作业，就可以出去玩。 Take an umbrella with you in case it rains this afternoon.带上一把伞，以防下午下雨。 You won’t pass the exam unless you spend enough time reviewing.除非你投入足够时间复习，否则考试无法及格。 原因状语从句 because因为 as由于 since既然 now that既然 注意：because强调直接原因和因果关系； as表示对方已知的原因，语气较弱； since表示已知的、显然的理由，语气比because弱，但比as强 He felt tired because he stayed up late yesterday evening.他觉得疲惫，因为昨晚熬夜了。 As the weather is bad, we have to put off the outdoor activity.由于天气不好，我们不得不推迟户外活动。 Since you have known the truth, I won’t hide anything from you.既然你已经知道真相，我就不再对你隐瞒了。 Now that you are free, let’s discuss your study plan together.既然你有空，我们一起来聊聊你 的学习计划。 目的状语从句 so that以便，为了 in order that为了 注意：so that不能放句首； in order that可置于句首 She takes notes carefully so that she can review knowledge easily later.她认真记笔记，方便日后复习知识点。 In order that everyone can hear clearly, he speaks in a loud voice.为了所有人都能听清，他提高了说话音量。 结果状语从句 so that因此 so...that/such...that 如此……以至于 注意：so修饰形容词或副词； such修饰名词。 He missed the early bus so that he was late for class.他错过了早班车，结果上课迟到了。 The problem is so difficult that few students can work it out.这道题太难了，几乎没有学生能解出来。 It is such a meaningful activity that all students take part in it actively.这场活动很有意义，所有同学都积极参与。 让步状语从句 though/although尽管，虽然 even if/though即使 whatever无论什么 wherever在……的各个地方 whenever无论何时 whoever无论谁 however无论怎样 Although he faces lots of pressure, he never gives up trying.尽管他面临很多压力，却从未放弃尝试。 Even if you fail many times, you shouldn’t lose confidence.即使失败很多次，你也不该丧失信心。 Whatever happens, you should face them bravely.无论发生什么事，你都应该勇敢面对。 Wherever you go, you should remember your parents’ care.无论去往何方，你都要铭记父母的关怀。 You can turn to me for help whenever you get into trouble.无论何时陷入困境，你都可以来找我求助。 Whoever breaks the rule should accept the corresponding punishment.无论谁违反规定，都要接受相应处罚。 However busy you are, you should spare time for exercise.无论多忙碌，你都该抽出时间锻炼身体。 比较状语从句 than比 as...as...和……一样…… not as/so...as...不如……那样…… He is more careful than most classmates in doing exercises.做题时，他比大多数同班同学更细心。 She is as outgoing as her elder sister.她和她姐姐一样性格开朗。 This novel is not so/as interesting as the one I read last month.这本小说不如我上个月读的那本有趣。 地点状语从句 where……的地方 wherever在……的各个地方 Plant more trees where there is too much dry soil.在土壤干旱的地方多种树。 You can make progress wherever you keep studying hard.只要坚持勤学，你在哪里都能取得进步。 方式状语从句 as if/though好像 as正如 He talks as if he knew everything about the accident.他说话的样子，仿佛对整件事故了如指掌。 You should do everything as your teacher tells you.凡事你都应该按照老师的要求去做。 二、连词连接两个主语时，谓语动词的人称和数 情况 主谓匹配原则 例句 and连接两个主语 语义一致 Tom and Mike play basketball every weekend. 汤姆和迈克每周末打篮球。 如果两个主语被认为是同一人或是一个整体，则谓语动词用单数： The writer and teacher works in our school. 那位作家兼老师在我校任职。 Bread and butter is my usual breakfast. 黄油面包是我常吃的早餐。 A knife and fork is on the dinner table. 餐桌上放着一副刀叉。 Lightning and thunder often comes together before heavy rain.雷雨来临前，雷电常常相伴出现。 The bow and arrow was used in ancient wars. 弓箭曾被用于古代战争。 both ... and ...连接两个主语 Both Lucy and her brother love reading novels. 露西和她弟弟都爱看小说。 not only ... but(also) 连接两个主语 就近一致 Not only I but also my dad likes watching football games. 不光是我，我父亲也爱看足球赛。 neither ... nor ...连接两个主语 Neither she nor her brother likes swimming. 她既不喜欢游泳，她弟弟也不喜欢游泳。 either ... or 连接两个主语 Either you or your sister has to clean the room. 要么你，要么你妹妹得打扫房间。 not ... but ...连接两个主语 Not your elder brother but your two cousins are responsible for this mistake.要为这个失误负责的不是你哥哥，而是你的两个堂兄。 or连接两个主语 You or your deskmate has to finish this task before class.你或者你的同桌必须在课前完成这项任务。 except连接两个主语 就远一致 Everyone except me joins the chess club.除了我，所有人都加入了象棋社团。 as well as连接两个主语 Lily as well as her friends enjoys listening to music.莉莉和她的朋友们都喜欢听音乐。 特别提醒：当连词连接两个主语，连词之间相互转换时，要注意谓语动词的人称和数的变化。 Both his classmates and his teacher help him a lot.(not only ... but also, as well as) →Not only his classmates but also his teacher helps him. →His classmates as well as his teacher help him. that引导的宾语从句 1. 整体感知宾语从句的引导词 引导词 特点 例句 that 只起连接作用，在名词从句中不作任何成分，也没有具体的意思。 I believe (that) our team will win the football match.我相信我们队会赢得这场足球比赛。 whether/if 只起连接作用，在名词从句中不作任何成分，但是有具体的意思，译为“是否”。 I wonder whether we can go hiking this weekend.我想知道我们这个周末能不能去远足。 Please tell me if you have finished your English report.请告诉我你是否写完了你的英语报告。 连接代词what, who, whom, whose, which等 不仅起连接作用，在名词从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语等成分，有具体的意思。 Do you know what he talked about just now?你知道他刚才谈论了什么吗？(what在从句中作宾语) Nobody knows who will give us a speech tomorrow.没人知道明天谁会给我们做演讲。(who在从句中作主语) I don’t know whom you met at the street corner.我不知道你在街角遇见了谁。(whom在从句中作宾语) Can you tell me whose notebook this is?你能告诉我这是谁的笔记本吗？(whose在从句中作定语修饰notebook) She hasn’t decided which book she should choose.她还没决定她该选哪一本书。(which在从句中作定语修饰book) 连接副词when, where, why, how等 不仅起连接作用，在名词从句中作状语，有具体的意思。 Could you tell me when the school sports meeting will start?你能告诉我校运会什么时候开始吗？ I want to know where your new library stands. 我想知道你们的新图书馆坐落在哪里。 He asked me why I was late for class this morning.他问我今早为什么上课迟到了。 Please show me how you work out this difficult problem.请给我展示一下你是怎样解出这道难题的。 2. that引导宾语从句的注意点 情况 注意点 例句 不可省略that的情况 谓语动词后跟两个(或两个以上)宾语从句时只有第一个连词that可省略。 He says (that) he likes music and that he plays the guitar every day.他说他喜欢音乐，而且他每天弹吉他。 谓语动词与宾语从句之间有插入成分时，that不可省略。 I think, as you know, that you should correct your mistakes at once.你也知道，我认为你应该立刻改正自己的错误。 当宾语从句中有it为其形式宾语时，that不可省略。 We find it necessary that we review lessons every evening.我们发现每天晚上复习功课很有必要。 否定的转移 think, believe, suppose, expect, guess, imagine 句子主语要为第一人称，主句时态通常为一般现在时。 I don’t think I know you.我想我并不认识你。 I don’t believe that he will give up easily. 我相信他不会轻易放弃。 We don’t suppose they can finish the task today. 我们认为他们今天完不成这项任务。 I don’t expect that it will rain this afternoon. 我预计今天下午不会下雨。 I don’t guess she knows the secret. 我猜她并不知道这个秘密。 I don’t imagine you have met my elder sister before.我想你以前应该没见过我姐姐。 注意以下情况否定不需转移： He thinks you aren’t right.他认为你是错的。 I thought he wasn’t late.我当时以为他没有迟到。 主从句时态的匹配 ①主句是现在时(一般现在时，一般将来时，现在进行时，现在完成时)，从句该用什么时态就用什么时态； ②主句是过去时(一般过去时，过去进行时)，从句只用过去某种相应时态； ③从句表示客观真理或事实时，主句即使用过去时，从句仍然用一般现在时。 总结：主现从实，主过从过，真理除外。 ①“John speaks highly of you.” Tom tells me. →Tom tells me that John speaks highly of me. 汤姆告诉我约翰高度评价我。 ②“We shall have the meeting at once.” The boy told me. →The boy told me that they should have the meeting at once.男孩告诉我他们应该立刻开会。 ③“The earth goes around the sun.” The teacher told the students. →The teacher told the students that the earth goes around the sun.老师告诉学生们地球绕着太阳走。 以下知识只要求你了解即可： suggest建议/advise劝告/recommend推荐、建议/order命令/request请求/require要求/insist坚决/坚持要求+that宾语从句(从句中谓语动词用should+动词原形，should还可以省略)。 ①He suggests that we(should)start early.他建议我们早点出发。 ②I advise that you(should)give up smoking.我劝你戒烟。 ③Experts recommend that we(should)sleep eight hours a day. 专家推荐/建议我们每天睡八小时。 ④The officer ordered that the soldiers(should)set off at once. 军官命令士兵立刻出发。 ⑤Visitors request that they(should)be allowed to enter.访客请求准许他们进入。 ⑥The rule requires that everyone(should)wear a uniform. 规定要求所有人穿制服。 ⑦He insisted that he (should) go there himself.他坚决要求亲自去那里。 两个注意点： insist坚持认为(某个事实)→陈述语气，不用should： He insisted that he was innocent.他坚持认为自己是无辜的。 suggest表“暗示、表明”时，不用should： His expression suggested that he was angry.他的神情表明他生气了。 第 1 页 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 语法篇 (满分50分，答题时间45分钟) 一、单项选择(每题1分，满分20分) 1. The art festival is ________ fun ________ educational. We can learn a lot from it. A. either, or B. neither, nor C. not only, but also D. both, and 2. —We’re going to climb Mount Tai this Saturday. Would you like to come along?   —I’m in! That would be pleasant ________ challenging. A. as long as B. as far as C. as good as D. as well as 3. — It’s ________ the crowded traffic ________ the high living cost. The only reason is the terrible pollution. A. not only, but also B. either, or C. both, and D. neither, nor 4. My parents want me to get further study to be ________ an engineer ________ a scientist, ________ I would like to be a famous doctor. A. neither, nor, and B. either, or, but C. not only, but also, so D. both, and, or 5. He has ________ brothers ________ sisters. He is the only child in his family. A. no, or B. not, and C. no, and D. not, or 6. I have only two tickets for Cats. ________ you ________ he can go with me. A. Either, or B. Neither, nor C. Both, and D. As, as 7. My grandma lives actively. She says youth is ________ a time of life, ________ a state of mind. A. either, or B. neither, nor C. both, and D. not, but 8. It is not about what you say, ________ what you do. A. and B. but C. or D. so 9. The environment, including your education, your experiences ________ people around you, can change your personality. A. as long as B. as well as C. as soon as D. as far as 10. He works very hard every day, ________ he is good at all subjects. A. if B. and C. or D. but 11. —Frank learned French and German ________ English in the junior high school. —Yes. He is good at speaking these three languages. ________ my classmates ________ my English teacher admires him a lot. A. besides, Both, and B. except, Either, or C. except, Neither, nor D. besides, Not only, but also 12. All classmates ________ Jack often ________ basketball after school. A. besides, plays B. except, play C. as well as, plays D. or, play 13. Wang Wencai’s granddaughter didn’t know ________ her grandfather was a world-famous scientist for a long time. A. what B. that C. if D. whether 14. — The table tennis match is so exciting. The opposite team is really strong. — Yes, but I never doubt ________ our team will win. A. if B. that C. whether D. why 15. She also advised ________ I should keep a vocabulary notebook to record new words. A. what B. if C. whether D. that 16. I’m afraid ________ I can’t attend your birthday party this Saturday. A. of B. to C. that D. what 17. Lily promised ________ she would be a good listener in communication. A. / B. to C. doing D. her 18. She reminds us ________ we can’t run in the hallway. A. of B. to C. that D. about 19. I am excited ________ I will take part in the school sports meeting. A. that B. what C. when D. how 20. I am sure ________ our team will win the final game. A. what B. that C. when D. where 二、句型转换(每题1分，满分15分) 注意：1-14题“改为同义句”。 1. Tom has attended the concert. Kelly has attended the concert, too. →________ Tom ________ Kelly have attended the concert. 2. John isn’t interested in playing basketball. Peter isn’t interested in playing basketball. →________________interested in playing basketball. 3. In her spare time, Teacher Wang loves reading as well as writing. →In her spare time, Teacher Wang loves ________ reading ________ writing. 4. Both Tom and I arrived in China two weeks ago. →Tom as well as I ___________ in China for two weeks. 5. Both his father and mother are teachers. →___________ his father ___________ his mother ________ a teacher. 6. Both Tom and his brother like playing computer games. →Tom _____________ his brother ________ playing computer games. 7. Kung fu is a Chinese symbol. We know it. →We know _________ kung fu _________ a Chinese symbol. 8. “The parade will be the best part of the trip,” said Jim. →Jim said ________ the parade ________ be the best part of the trip. 9. “You should not wear shoes indoors in Japan,” the guide reminded us. →The guide reminded us _________________________ shoes indoors in Japan. 10. We find it easy to get on well with Daniel. →We find ______________________ easy to get on well with Daniel. 11. I hope to be back soon. →I hope ______________________ back soon. 12. There will be a parents’ meeting in two days. Jack didn’t know. →Jack didn’t know ________ there ________ be a parents’ meeting in two days. 13. Our teacher advised the class to study hard for the next exam. →Our teacher ________ to the class that they ________ study hard for the next exam. 14. We all agree that we should make a better plan. →We all ___________ make a better plan. 15. Either Nina or Sarah is going to the Great Wall. (改为否定句) →________ Nina ________ Sarah is going to the Great Wall. 三、完成句子(每题1.5分，满分15分) 1. 他既不担心失败，也不在意他人的夸奖。 He ________ worries about failure ________ cares about others’ praise. 2. 晚上她要么看电视，要么玩电脑游戏。 In the evening, she ________________ computer games. 3. 王老师不但是我们的老师，而且是我们的朋友。 Mr Wang is ________________ our teacher ________________ our friend. 4. 我很惊讶这些房子建于明朝。 I _______________________ these houses date from the Ming Dynasty. 5. 王老师也告诉了学生他们下周三要分享他们的视频。 Miss Wang also told the students ______________________ their videos next Wednesday. 6. 她期望妈妈给她买一部手机。 She __________________ her mother _______________ her a mobile phone. 7. 史料记载，海上丝绸之路上建立了多条贸易路线。 The historical records reported ________ several trade routes _____________________ along the Maritime Silk Road. 8. 我认为我们应当保护身边的环境，这十分重要。(用宾语从句) I think ________ very important ____________________ the environment around us. 9. 我们相信全运会的精神会鼓舞人们为更美好的未来而努力。 We believe ________ the spirit of the National Games ________________ people ________ work harder for a better future. 10. 我认为他不会开会迟到。 I _____________________ he will be late for the meeting. 第 1 页 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $