专题七 非谓语动词 题源2 动名词-【备战高考】备战2027高考英语母题题源同步练

解题模型1.4 动词不定式“to”的省略 1使役动词和感观动词的宾语补足语要省略“to”,变 为被动式时，成为主语的补足语须加上“to”(前面已讲述)。 2.有些动词的宾语省略“to”,在一些固定结构中动词不 定式也须省略“o”。如： He can't help (to)do me a favor. Looking at the photos,he can't but laugh.can not but do=can't help doing情不自禁) 3.不定式作表语或表语补足语时，它的前面出现过d0 的各种形式时可省略“to”。如： All he can do is(to)wait.(不定代词作主语) What he can do is(to)wait.(what引导的主语从句) The only thing he can do is(to)wait.(带有thing的先 行词作主语) There's nothing to do but/except wait.(前面有“do"时) 前面有“do”,不定式解释d0的内容，所以要省去“to”。 There's nothing to say but to wait..(此时“to”不能省) 4.有些连词连接的不定式要省略“to”。 prefer to do...rather than do... to do...and do... 如：I prefer to stay home rather than go out. She told her children to stay there and wait till she came back. 5.在when,if,what,as等引导的从句中，若有like, want,wish等时，则省略“to”。如： You can stay here as long as you like. You can come whenever you like. 6.Why not do...？=Why don't you do...?用来提出建 议时不用“to”。 )[真题8](2023·陕西)Let those in need that we will go all out to help them. A.to understand B.understand C.understanding D.understood [解析]考查非谓语动词。句意：让那些有需要的人了解 我们将会出去帮助他们。动词let后接动词原形understand作 宾补，与宾语those in need之间为主动关系，构成短语let sb.do sth.。故选B项。 [答案]B 题源2动名词 6 解题模型2.1 动名词的语法功能 1.作主语。如： Reading aloud is very important in learning a foreign language. 2.作表语。如： My job is teaching English. 3.作宾语。如： I can't understand his giving up such a well-paid job. 4.作定语。如： Who won the swimming competition? )[真题9](2023·江苏)Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and to ruins,the city took on a new look. A.reducing B.reduced C.being reduced D.having reduced [解析]考查非谓语动词。首先判断此处是由ad连接的 和suffering from并列的动名词形式；而reduce与主语city之间 为被动关系，故选C项。 [答案]C )[真题10](2023·四川)Lydia doesn't feel like abroad.Her parents are old. A.study B.studying C.studied D.to study [解析]考查非谓语动词。句意为：Lydia不想去国外学 习，她的父母都年纪大了。feel like doing是固定用法，意为“想 要做某事”，故选B项。 [答案]B )[真题11](2005·上海)He got well-prepared for the job interview,for he couldn't risk the good op- portunity. A.to lose B.losing C.to be lost D.being lost [解析]本题考查isk一词的用法，其后面只能接动名词 作宾语，即risk doing sth.。 [答案]B ( )[真题I2](2005·北京)It's necessary to be prepared for an interview. the answers ready will be of great help. A.To have had B.Have C.Having had D.Having [解析]考查非谓语动词。动名词可直接作主语，排除A、 B两项，由于该动作为陈述一个事理，故用动名词的一般式而不 是完成式。 [答案]D 解题模型2.2 动名词的时态和语态 1动名词一般式表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的 动作的同时或之后。如： We all don't like his talking that way. She dreams of becoming a teacher. 2.动名词的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示 的动作之前。如： I remember having read the book. She was praised for having helped the old man. 注意：有时用动名词的一般式来代替完成式。如： After working for three hours,we began having a break. Thank you for helping me. 3.动名词有两种语态，即主动式doing和having done 及其对应的被动式being done和having been done。如： Tom feels like being taken to Beijing. He was excited for having been praised. 4.动名词的否定式是在动名词的前面加not构成。如： I regret not having told you the truth. He always has excuses for not going to school. )[真题13](2023·福建) basic first-aid tech- niques will help you respond quickly to emergencies. A.Known B.Having known C.Knowing D.Being known [解析]考查非谓语动词。句意：知道一些基本的急救技 术将会帮助你对紧急情况快速地做出反应。此句谓语为w训 help,选非谓语动词作主语，使用动名词，故选C项。 [答案]C 解题模型2.3 动名词的复合结构 动名词的复合结构由名词所有格或物主代词加动名 词构成。当动名词有自己的主语时要用这种结构。这个 名词或代词为动名词的逻辑主语。如： I would appreciate your calling back this morning. Do you mind my opening the window? The president's attending the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement. 注意： 下列情况须用名词所有格或代词宾格。 1.当动名词的逻辑主语是不定代词或指示代词时。如： I didn't hear of anyone phoning you this morning. 2.当动名词的逻辑主语是较长的名词词组或代词词 组时。如： How about the three of us taking a walk down the river? Can you imagine the best boy in the class cheating in the examination? 3.当动名词的逻辑主语是表示无生命的名词时。如： Who can tell us the reason of the object falling? )[真题14](2018·陕西)It is difficult to imagine his the decision without any consideration. A.to accept B.accept C.accepting D.accepted [解析]imagine表示“想象，设想；猜想，推测”，后接动名 词作宾语。his accepting是动名词的复合结构。 [答案】C ( )[真题15](2005·安徽)I really can't understand her like that. A.you treat B.you to treat C.why treat D.you treating [解析]考查非谓语动词。understand在此处只能跟动词 的动名词形式，you作treat的逻辑主语。本句句意为：我真的 不理解你为何那样对待她。 [答案]D 题源3分词 解题模型3.1 分词的语法功能 1.分词具有形容词和副词的属性，因此可以在句中起 到定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语的作用。 功能 例句 备注 This is an amusing story. The excited people rushed①单个的分词作定语，一殷 into the building. 放在被修饰词的前面。 定语 The boy standing at the door ②分词短语作定语时，则放 is my cousin. 在被修饰词的后面，在功能 The letter posted yesterday 上相当于一个定语从句。 will soon reach him. ①现在分词作表语说明主 The news was inspiring 语的性质、特性。 表语 The glass is broken. ②过去分词作表语说明主 We are excited at the news. 语所处的状态。 ①现在分词作宾补与宾语 I heard a girl crying next 之间存在着主谓关系，强调 宾语 door. 动作正在进行。 补足 I'm sorry to have kept you②过去分词作宾补与宾语 语 waiting for so long. 之间存在着动宾关系即被 I found my key lost 动关系，强调动作的被动和 完成。 While crossing the street,be careful. 分词或分词短语作状语时 Her parents died,leaving her 可表示时间、原因、结果、行 状语 an orphan. 为方式、伴随状况等，在功 The teacher entered the lab,能上相当于一个状语从句。 followed by the students. 2.分词作状语 分词作状语的前提条件是：句子主语一般应是分词的 逻辑主语，且分词和句中主语一般含有逻辑上的主谓或动 宾关系。